title: Melatonin prevents ischemia reperfusion injury in hamster cheek pouch microcirculation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We used the hamster cheek pouch microcirculation to investigate the effects of melatonin (ME) on ischemia reperfusion (I-R) injury by in vivo microscopy. ME is a hormone produced by the pineal gland and is the most powerful and effective hydroxyl radical scavenger detected to date in vitro. The second aim was to determine the scavenger effect of ME in cheek pouch microcirculation when topically applying an oxygen-derived free radical generating system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ischemia was induced by clamping the cheek pouch for 30 min followed by 30 min of reperfusion. We quantified the increase in permeability, the perfused capillary length and leukocyte adhesion by computerized methods. Microcirculation was also exposed to a hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase (H-X) system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In control hamsters I-R was associated with increased permeability, increased number of leukocytes sticking to venules, and decreased perfused capillary length. Treatment with ME completely inhibited microvascular edema formation and reduced the number of leukocytes sticking to venules after reperfusion. Moreover, ME prevented the marked decrease in perfused capillary length, preserving microvascular perfusion. ME topically applied reduced significantly the permeability increase due to H-X exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The beneficial effect of ME may be related to its antioxidant properties. These protect the endothelial barrier integrity as well as preserve microvascular blood perfusion by dysfunctions after I-R.
authors: CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Bertuglia
authors: P L
authors: PL
authors: Marchiafava
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Colantuoni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002610:Cheek; D006224:Cricetinae; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008647:Mesocricetus; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D008550:Melatonin