title: Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among Gulf War veterans.
abstract: This study assessed the prevalence of risk for development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among active duty and reserve veterans from Pennsylvania and Hawaii who either deployed (N = 1,524) or did not deploy (N = 2,727) to the Persian Gulf as a result of Operation Desert Storm. All participants anonymously completed a survey questionnaire that included the Impact of Event Scale and the Brief Symptom Inventory. Results indicate the likelihood of PTSD symptoms in approximately 8.0% of active duty veterans and 9.3% of reserve veterans who deployed to the Persian Gulf. PTSD risk comparisons are made with other active duty Army veterans assessed 1 year earlier. Sources of trauma are presented and implications for future military deployments on potential risks for developing PTSD are discussed.
authors: Department of Military Psychiatry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.
authors: R H
authors: RH
authors: Stretch
authors: D H
authors: DH
authors: Marlowe
authors: K M
authors: KM
authors: Wright
authors: P D
authors: PD
authors: Bliese
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Knudson
authors: C H
authors: CH
authors: Hoover
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008877:Middle East; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans; D014857:Warfare