title: Differential effects of transforming growth factor-beta on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow culture: relation to the effect of zinc-chelating dipeptides.
abstract: The effect of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow culture in vitro was investigated. The bone marrow cells were cultured for 7 days in alpha-minimal essential medium containing a well-known bone resorbing agent. Osteoclast-like cell formation was estimated with staining for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), a marker enzyme of osteoclasts. The presence of TGF-beta (10(-13)-10(-11) M) caused a significant increase in the number of osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (MNCs); the maximum effect was seen with 10(-12) MTGF-beta. With a higher concentration (10(-10) M) of TGF-beta, the growth factor dramatically inhibited the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D5 [1,25(OH)2D3; 10(-8) M]-induced formation of osteoclast-like MNCs. This inhibitory effect was also seen in the formation of osteoclast-like MNCs stimulated by parathyroid hormone (10(-8) M), prostaglandine E2 (10(-6) M), and interleukin-1 alpha (50 U/ml). The stimulatory effect of TGF-beta (10(-12) M) on osteoclast-like MNCs formation was inhibited by zinc sulfate (10(-6) M) or zinc-chelating dipeptide [beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc (AHZ), 10(-6) M]. The stimulating effect of TGF-beta was markedly weakened by the presence of EGTA (0.5 mM), a chelator of Ca2+. The inhibitory effect of zinc compounds was not seen in the presence of EGTA. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of TGF-beta (10(-10) M), zinc sulfate (10(-6) M), or AHZ (10(-6) M) on osteoclast-like MNCs formation was not demonstrated in mature osteoclastic cells, although calcitonin (3 x 10(-8) M) significantly inhibited the osteoclastic formation. The present study demonstrates that TGF-beta has a stimulating and an inhibiting effect on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow culture, and that zinc can inhibit the stimulatory effect of TGF-beta.
authors: Laboratory of Endocrinology and Molecular Metabolism, Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Kishi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002336:Carnosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017967:Zinc Compounds
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D004151:Dipeptides; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C061957:polaprezinc; D002336:Carnosine; D015032:Zinc