title: Sporadic Leber hereditary optic neuropathy in Australia and New Zealand.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is one of the more common forms of hereditary optic neuropathy and one of the few mitochondrial neuropathies. Prior to the advent of molecular DNA testing, the diagnosis depended on the recognition of typical fundal changes, as well as a family history of maternal transmission. Sporadic cases were therefore diagnosed with a level of uncertainty. The aim of this study is to identify the proportion of patients with idiopathic bilateral optic neuropathy/atrophy who are suffering from LHON.
  
  
  METHODS
  Requests were sent to all ophthalmologists and neurologist in Australia and New Zealand for blood or hair follicle samples of patients with diagnosis of bilateral optic neuropathy/atrophy of uncertain aetiology for DNA testing by restriction endonuclease analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and forty-four samples were received, of which 96 were sporadic cases of idiopathic optic atrophy. Eleven of these sporadic patients were found to harbour pathogenetic mitochondrial point mutations associated with LHON.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicated that 11% of patients with bilateral optic neuropathy/atrophy of uncertain aetiology are suffering from LHON. Comparing this data with all the known familial cases of LHON, we report that at least 8% of all LHON cases in Australia are sporadic. We concluded that mtDNA testing for LHON in patients with idiopathic optic atrophy should be included in the initial laboratory work-up.
authors: University of Melbourne, Department of Ophthalmology, St. Vincents Hospital, Victoria, Australia.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Chan
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Mackey
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Byrne
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001483:Base Sequence; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes / Q000737:chemistry; D015418:Optic Atrophies, Hereditary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D005819:Genetic Markers; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes