title: Hormone replacement therapy modifies the capacity of plasma and serum to regulate prostacyclin and endothelin-1 production in human vascular endothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if hormone replacement therapy (HRT) modifies the ability of plasma or serum to regulate the synthesis of vasodilatory prostacyclin and that of vasoconstrictive endothelin-1 by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma and serum collected before and during the sixth treatment cycle of HRT from 13 healthy postmenopausal women were added to cultured endothelial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki, Finland.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen postmenopausal women (> or = 1 year since their last menstruation, FSH level > 40 mIU/mL [conversion factor to SI unit, 1.00], clear vasomotor symptoms) that suffered from incapacitating menopausal symptoms necessitating the initiation of HRT were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  A combined regimen consisting of 2 mg oral E2 for 12 days followed by 2.0 mg oral E2 + 1.0 mg norethisterone acetate for 10 days and 1.0 mg E2 for 6 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  The releases of prostacyclin, as assessed by its metabolite 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, and that of endothelin-1 by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells in the presence of 10% plasma or 10% serum collected from the study subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hormone replacement therapy enhanced the ability of plasma to stimulate prostacyclin production by 21% +/- 6% (mean +/- SEM) during the E2 + norethisterone acetate phase and tended to do so also during the E2-only phase (11% +/- 10%) but caused no change in endothelin-1 release. In contrast, HRT decreased the ability of serum to stimulate prostacyclin production by 12% +/- 5% during the E2-only phase and increased that of endothelin-1 by 8% +/- 4% during the E2 + norethisterone acetate phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because plasma flushes endothelial cells in vivo, our data on the HRT-induced stimulation of the capacity of plasma to enhance the production of vasoprotective prostacyclin without a concomitant change in endothelin-1 release in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells may provide one new explanation for the cardiovascular protection of HRT.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Mikkola
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Ranta
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Orpana
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Viinikka
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Ylikorkala
mesh_terms: D001790:Blood Physiological Phenomena; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016232:Endothelins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000378:metabolism*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010949:Plasma / Q000502:physiology; D014471:Umbilical Veins
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D004967:Estrogens; D011464:Epoprostenol