[Outcome of blood gas parameters during the first 24 years after Exosurf administration].
BACKGROUND
There is now good evidence that the clinical course of infants with respiratory distress syndrome can be improved by treatment with exogenous surfactant. However, optimal methods of giving such a treatment are still debated.


METHODS
The arterial blood gases and the arterial/alveolar oxygen tension ratio (a/A) were recorded during the 24 hours following artificial surfactant (Exosurf) treatment in 400 newborns aged 25 to 42 gestational weeks. A positive response was defined by an a/A ratio > 0.22 or an increase in a/A ratio up to 25%.


RESULTS
After administration of the first dose, a positive response was obtained in 63% of cases during the first 6 hours and 11% during the 6 following hours. The response after the second dose was favourable in 75% of cases. At 24 hours after treatment, 36% of the infants had obtained an a/A ratio > 0.22.


CONCLUSIONS
Because of the 18% of infants who responded positively only after the second dose, administration of this dose seems justifiable even in case of non-response to the first dose. The quality of the response is related to the severity of the pulmonary illness but is independent of the gestational age.
Lenoir
S
S
Inserm CJF 9406, hôpital La Grave, Toulouse, France.
Grandjean
H
H
Claris
O
O
Hascoët
J M
JM
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000188:drug therapy; D013997:Time Factors
D004338:Drug Combinations; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C047049:dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, hexadecanol, tyloxapol drug combination
Evolution des paramètres gazométriques sur les 24 premières heures suivant l'administration d'Exosurf.