High level of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in children in Tanzania.
In many areas of tropical Africa affected by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, a combination of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine (S-P) is used for alternative medication, especially in young children. In Magoda village in Muheza District, north-eastern Tanzania, 38 children 1-10 years of age were enrolled in a therapeutic study of S-P in July 1994. All had monoinfections of P. falciparum and an asexual parasite count of 1000-80,000/microL of blood. S-P was given as a single dose corresponding to 0.8-1.4 mg pyrimethamine/kg body weight. Of the 38 children followed up to day 7, 10 showed an S/RI response, 26 an RII response, and 2 an RIII response. Older children had lower pre-treatment parasitaemia and a better therapeutic response than younger children. Among the various contributory factors responsible for the poor therapeutic result, drug pressure from a prophylactic intervention with weekly dapsone-pyrimethamine between May 1993 and May 1994 seems to have been the most important.
Rønn
A M
AM
Centre of Medical Parasitology, State University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Msangeni
H A
HA
Mhina
J
J
Wernsdorfer
W H
WH
Bygbjerg
I C
IC
D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013413:Sulfadoxine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013636:Tanzania; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000962:Antimalarials; D013413:Sulfadoxine; D011739:Pyrimethamine