[Molecular biology and genetics of NO synthases].
Nitric oxide is synthesized by three isoenzymes widely distributed in the organism. The three genes encoding these enzymes show structural homology confirming that they are members of a protein family. Isoforms I (neuronal) and III (endothelial) are constitutive but their expression is transcriptionnaly regulated by various factors. NOS I promoter has not been studied yet, but alternative splicing around exons 9 and 10 has been described. SP1 binding on NOS III promoter is critical for its constitutive expression. NOS II isoform is inducible in a large variety of cells and seems also to be present constitutively in some tissues such as kidney. Functional studies of NOS II promoter reveal two important regions for lipopolysaccharides (- 85 à - 75) and interferon gamma (- 900 à - 975) induction. NOS III polymorphic markers allowed genetic studies which indicate that NOS III gene is not associated with human essential hypertension.
Nadaud
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INSERM U 358, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris.
Soubrier
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D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase
Biologie moléculaire et génétique des NO synthases.