Desipramine, amantadine, or fluoxetine in buprenorphine-maintained cocaine users.
The clinical efficacy of promising cocaine anti-craving medications was examined in combination with buprenorphine. Twenty-one opioid-dependent cocaine abusers were enrolled in a double-blind, 12-week trial in which they received on a daily basis buprenorphine (8 mg, s.l.) plus either desipramine (150 mg, p.o.), amantadine (300 mg, p.o.), or fluoxetine (60 mg, p.o.). Urine samples and self-reported drug use were obtained 1-3 times/week. The order of greatest patient retention across the 12 weeks was desipramine (83.3%) > amantadine (66.7%) > fluoxetine (20.0%). The desipramine and amantadine groups appeared to have greater increases in opioid- and cocaine-free urines than the fluoxetine group. These results suggest that desipramine and amantadine may facilitate greater opioid and cocaine abstinence than fluoxetine.
Oliveto
A
A
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Kosten
T R
TR
Schottenfeld
R
R
Falcioni
J
J
Ziedonis
D
D
D000328:Adult; D000547:Amantadine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003042:Cocaine; D003891:Desipramine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D005473:Fluoxetine; D002047:Buprenorphine; D000547:Amantadine; D003042:Cocaine; D003891:Desipramine