title: Transdermal estrogen for female stress urinary incontinence in postmenopause.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of transdermal estrogen for stress urinary incontinence in postmenopause.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open within patient, dose-finding study with transdermal 17-beta-estradiol combined with cyclic medroxyprogesterone acetate was conducted over 9 months in 21 patients (mean age 57.3 years) suffering from urodynamically verified mild to moderate stress incontinence without detrusor instability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjective improvement was noted in 16 out of 21 patients (76%). The dose level of 50 micrograms was better tolerated than 100 micrograms and sufficient enough to achieve continence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transdermal estrogen therapy plays an adjuvant role in conservative therapy for mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women.
authors: Turku University Central Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Finland.
authors: J I
authors: JI
authors: Mäkinen
authors: Y A
authors: YA
authors: Pitkänen
authors: T A
authors: TA
authors: Salmi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Grönroos
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Rinne
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Paakkari
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002979:Climacteric / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol