Prognostic value of noninvasive testing one year after orthotopic cardiac transplantation.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to evaluate the prognostic value of routine noninvasive testing--stress thallium-201 imaging, rest two-dimensional echocardiography and rest equilibrium radionuclide angiography--1 year after cardiac transplantation.


BACKGROUND
Coronary artery vasculopathy is the most important cause of late death after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. Several clinical variables have been identified as risk factors for development of coronary vasculopathy. Traditional noninvasive diagnostic testing has been shown to be relatively insensitive for identifying patients with angiographic vasculopathy.


METHODS
Results of prospectively acquired noninvasive testing in 47 consecutive transplant recipients alive 1 year after transplantation were related to subsequent survival. Other clinical variables previously shown to be associated with the development of coronary artery vasculopathy were also included in the analysis.


RESULTS
The 5-year survival rate after cardiac transplantation was 81%. By univariate analysis, echocardiography (chi-square 9.21) and stress thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging (chi-square 16.76) were predictive for survival, whereas rest equilibrium radionuclide angiography was not. Clinical contributors to survival were donor age (chi-square 4.56), number of human leukocyte antigen mismatches (chi-square 3.06) and cold ischemic time (chi-square 3.23). By multivariate analysis, stress myocardial imaging remained the only significant predictor of survival (risk ratio 0.27; 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 0.89).


CONCLUSIONS
Normal thallium-201 stress myocardial perfusion imaging 1 year after cardiac transplantation is an important predictor of 5-year survival.
Verhoeven
P P
PP
Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8042, USA.
Lee
F A
FA
Ramahi
T M
TM
Franco
K L
KL
Mendes de Leon
C
C
Amatruda
J
J
Gorham
N A
NA
Mattera
J A
JA
Wackers
F J
FJ
D004452:Echocardiography; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015637:Gated Blood-Pool Imaging; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D013997:Time Factors
D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m