Apolipoprotein AI-CIII-AIV genetic polymorphisms and coronary heart disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The aim of this study was to verify whether or not the increased prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) commonly observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is related to a genetic background involving restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of apolipoproteins. On the basis of a case-control design, 62 type 2 diabetic patients with CHD (confirmed by clinical history and electrocardiogram) and 62 age- and sex-matched diabetic subjects without CHD were enrolled. In each of them RFLPs of the apolipoprotein CIII gene (S1 or S2 allele) and AI promoter region (A or G allele), together with fasting plasma lipids and apolipoproteins levels, were assessed. The rare S2 allele was found significantly (P = 0.05) more frequently in patients with CHD, and its related S1S2 genotype was associated with higher plasma levels of total cholesterol (P = 0.01), triglycerides (P = 0.007) and apo B (P = 0.001) than the S1S1 genotype. The A allele was more frequent (P = 0.004) in patients without CHD and was associated with lower plasma cholesterol (P = 0.0001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (P = 0.0001) and apo B (P = 0.005). The S1/A haplotype was more frequent (P = 0.05) in patients without CHD and was associated with the lowest plasma lipid levels. These results suggest that genetic factors, related to the apo AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster, could play a role in the development of CHD in type 2 diabetic patients, probably through modification of their plasma lipid pattern.
Rigoli
L
L
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
Raimondo
G
G
Di Benedetto
A
A
Romano
G
G
Porcellini
A
A
Campo
S
S
Corica
F
F
Riccardi
G
G
Squadrito
G
G
Cucinotta
D
D
D000483:Alleles; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001056:Apolipoproteins C / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012016:Reference Values; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001056:Apolipoproteins C; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D017931:DNA Primers; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014280:Triglycerides; C022205:apolipoprotein A-IV; D002784:Cholesterol