title: Perinatal outcome of twin pregnancies obtained after in vitro fertilization: comparison with twin pregnancies obtained spontaneously or after ovarian stimulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the perinatal outcome of IVF-ET twin pregnancies to twin pregnancies conceived spontaneously or after ovarian stimulation without IVF-ET.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of patients: those who conceived after IVF-ET (n = 72), after ovarian stimulation without IVF-ET (stimulation group, n = 82), or spontaneously (spontaneous group, n = 164).
  
  
  METHODS
  High blood pressure, premature rupture of membrane, threatened premature labor, prematurity, low birth, small-for-gestational-age, cesarean section, and perinatal mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients of the IVF-ET group were older and of higher socioeconomic class. We did not find any significant difference in the data analyzed, with the exception of the rate of emergency cesarean sections. In the IVF-ET group the prematurity rate (38.9%), small-for-gestational-age (18%), and perinatal mortality (3.47%) were not statistically different with respect to the stimulation group (45.1%, 23.2%, and 3.05%, respectively) or the spontaneous group (39.6%, 22.7%, and 4.27%, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Twin pregnancies account for 20% to 25% of all IVF-ET pregnancies. Their risk of adverse perinatal outcome does not seem to be increased when compared with spontaneous pregnancies or to pregnancies obtained after ovarian stimulation but without IVF-ET. However, a reduction in the proportion of multiple pregnancies, including twin gestation, should be a goal for IVF-ET teams.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Antoine Béclère Hospital, Clamart, France.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Olivennes
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Kadhel
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Rufat
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Fanchin
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Fernandez
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Frydman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000008:administration & dosage; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014427:Twins
chemical_list: D006062:Gonadotropins; D002996:Clomiphene