title: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) induces the early tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125FAK) in human endothelial cells.
abstract: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent activator of angiogenesis and controls the motility and the shape of vascular endothelium. The mechanism(s) whereby PAF exerts its action are in part known. Here we report that the biological active (R)PAF enantiomer administrated to cultured endothelial cells induces the early phosphorylation in tyrosine residues of focal adhesion kinase (p125FAX) and paxillin, two molecules involved in the early signaling and cytoskeleton assembly in cells that undergo integrin-mediated adhesion or are challenged by neuropeptides or lysophosphatidic acid. The phenomenon is rapidly turned on, lasts for a few minutes and is adhesion-independent indicating that the chain of events induced by (R)PAF, including p125FAK activation, precedes adhesion. The inhibitory effect of WEB2086, a PAF receptor antagonist, and the lack of activity exerted by the (S)PAF enantiomer, indicate that (R)PAF-mediated p125FAK activation, is PAF receptor-dependent. Calphostin C, an inhibitor of protein kinase C blocks the effect of (R)PAF on p125FAK phosphorylation suggesting that protein kinase C activation is up-stream the activation of this tyrosine kinase. When endothelial cells are exposed to a substratum that allows adhesion and spreading. (R)PAF-stimulated cells, change their adhesive phenotype and start migrating. Inhibitors of tyrosine kinases, like 3-(1,4,-dihydroxytetralyl) methylen-2-oxindole and herbimycin A, reduce the cells migration, the transendothelial flux of albumin and the enhancement of p125FAK activity induced by (R)PAF. The observation that increased tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK and its ensuring association with focal adhesion occurs rapidly upon (R)PAF challenge indicates that this signaling molecule has a primary and independent role also in the signaling cascade initiated by (R)PAF.
authors: Department of Genetics, Biology and Medical Chemistry, University of Torino, Italy.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Soldi
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Sanavio
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Aglietta
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Primo
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Defilippi
authors: P C
authors: PC
authors: Marchisio
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Bussolino
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; D014443:Tyrosine; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; D011493:Protein Kinase C