title: Optimization of torque-balanced asymmetric head gradient coils.
abstract: Local gradient coils can improve the performance of echo-planar, diffusion, and short TE imaging in the brain. A modified singular value decomposition algorithm, which allows the rapid optimization and comparison of designs, was employed to optimize head size gradient coils. A theoretical expression for the torque on a cylindrical coil is presented and used to design coils that are free from torque while pulsed within a magnetic field. Gradient coils of various lengths both with and without torque constraints were compared; although torque-free coils do not perform as well as unbalanced coils, asymmetric torque-balanced coils can achieve comparable homogeneity with only a modest increase in inductance and resistance. Both types of coils outperform body size gradient coils by a dramatic margin. A three-axis head gradient designed using these techniques was constructed and used for brain imaging on a clinical scanner.
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
authors: D C
authors: DC
authors: Alsop
authors: T J
authors: TJ
authors: Connick
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*