title: Investigation of fecal incontinence with endoanal ultrasound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to audit the results of endoanal ultrasound in patients with fecal incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endoanal ultrasound was used to investigate 53 patients with fecal incontinence. Data for endoanal ultrasound were collected prospectively. Results were compared with clinical and obstetric history, obtained retrospectively from case notes, and were compared with manometric and operative findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sphincter abnormalities were identified in 42 of 53 patients. A total of 28 anterior defects were thought to be obstetric in origin. Fourteen other defects were secondary to anal pathology or surgery. Patients with anterior external sphincter defects either had complete defects (4 patients; mean age, 31 years) or proximal defects (24 patients; mean age, 55 years). For patients with a proximal defect, 38 percent gave a history of obstetric tear, episiotomy, or forceps delivery, and the rest declared having had an apparently normal delivery. Only 50 percent had a sphincter weakness that was evident on clinical examination. Of those studied with manometry, only 21 percent had low squeeze pressures consistent with an external sphincter defect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sphincter defects seen on ultrasound may not have a history of obstetric trauma or abnormal clinical and manometric findings. Endoanal ultrasound is recommended in all patients with fecal incontinence to detect occult sphincter defects.
authors: Colorectal Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Australia.
authors: N A
authors: NA
authors: Rieger
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Sweeney
authors: D C
authors: DC
authors: Hoffmann
authors: J F
authors: JF
authors: Young
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Hunter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods