title: Induction of hyperresponsiveness in human airway tissue by neutrophils--mechanism of action.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The two main features of asthma are bronchial hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. The inflammatory response in asthma consists of infiltration and activation of a variety of inflammatory cells including neutrophils. Our previous studies have shown that stimulated neutrophil supernatants cause hyperresponsiveness of human bronchial tissue in vitro.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of the sensitization status of the tissue and the albumin concentration used to prepare supernatants on the response of human bronchial tissue to stimulated neutrophil supernatants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neutrophil supernatants were prepared from human isolated blood in the presence of varying concentrations of albumin (0%, 0.1% and 4%). Neutrophil supernatants were added to sensitized and non-sensitized human isolated bronchial tissue which was stimulated with electrical field stimulation (EFS) (20 s every 4 min). Receptor antagonists specific for the prostaglandin and thromboxane (10(-7) M GR32191), platelet activating factor (10(-6) M WEB 2086), leukotriene D4 (10(-6) M MK-679) and neurokinin A (10(-7) M SR48968) receptors were used to identify neutrophil products responsible for the effects observed in the bronchial tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In non-sensitized human bronchial tissue, stimulated neutrophil supernatants induced a direct contraction in the presence of 0% and 0.1% but not 4% albumin. This contraction was due to leukotriene D4 as MK-679 completely inhibited the contraction. In contrast, stimulated neutrophil supernatants increased responsiveness of sensitized human bronchial tissue to EFS. The increased responsiveness was observed only in the presence of 0.1% albumin, with the site of modulation likely to be prejunctional on the parasympathetic nerve. The increased responsiveness was not inhibited by any of the antagonists tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sensitization status of the tissue and albumin concentration effect the responsiveness of human bronchial tissue to stimulated neutrophil supernatant. Our results suggest a possible role for neutrophils in hyperresponsiveness.
authors: Department of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Australia.
authors: S Z
authors: SZ
authors: Anticevich
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Hughes
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Black
authors: C L
authors: CL
authors: Armour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001980:Bronchi / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D012709:Serum Albumin