title: Ability of flumazenil, butorphanol, and naloxone to reverse the anesthetic effects of oxymorphone-diazepam in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the ability of flumazenil (FLU), butorphanol (BUT), and naloxone (NAL) to reverse the anesthetic effects of oxymorphone-diazepam in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 healthy adult mixed-bread dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were randomly assigned to each of 6 reversal treatment groups. In each experiment, oxymorphone (0.22 mg/kg of body weight, i.v.) and diazepam (0.22 mg/kg. i.v.) were given sequentially 15 minutes after glycopyrrolate (0.01 mg/kg, i.v.) administration. Physiologic saline solution (SAL; 1 ml), FLU (0.01 mg/kg), BUT (0.44 mg/kg), or NAL (0.06 mg/kg) alone, or FLU-BUT or FLU-NAL (same dosages) was given i.v. as a reversal treatment 15 minutes after oxymorphone-diazepam administration. An individual unaware of the treatment protocol recorded time to extubation, sternal recumbency, and walking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Time to extubation was significantly (P < 0.05) less with BUT, NAL, FLU-BUT, or FLU-NAL treatment, compared with that for SAL treatment. Time to sternal recumbency was less with BUT, NAL, FLU-BUT, or FLU-NAL treatment, compared with that for SAL treatment. Time to walking was less with FLU-BUT or FLU-NAL treatment, compared with that for SAL treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Flumazenil, in combination with BUT or NAL, can be used to reverse the anesthetic effects of oxymorphone-diazepam in dogs.
authors: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
authors: K A
authors: KA
authors: Lemke
authors: W J
authors: WJ
authors: Tranquilli
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Thurmon
authors: G J
authors: GJ
authors: Benson
authors: W A
authors: WA
authors: Olson
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D000818:Animals; D002077:Butorphanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003975:Diazepam; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005442:Flumazenil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010111:Oxymorphone; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009270:Naloxone; D005442:Flumazenil; D010111:Oxymorphone; D003975:Diazepam; D002077:Butorphanol