title: Purification, spectroscopic analysis and biological activity of the macrocyclic dihydroxamate siderophore alcaligin produced by Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica.
abstract: Hydroxamate siderophores of virulent Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica strains were purified using a simple large-scale isolation procedure, and identified by various spectroscopic techniques as the macrocyclic dihydroxamate siderophore trivially known as alcaligin, 1,8(S),11,18(S)- tetrahydroxy-1,6,11,16-tetraazacycloeicosane-2,5,12,15-tetrone+ ++, which was previously isolated from the taxonomically-related bacterial species Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxydans. Alcaligin purified from iron-depleted cultures of B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica exhibited specific growth-promoting activity under iron-restricted conditions for Bordetella indicator strains, and ere active in [55Fe]ferric alcaligin transport assays. Evidence suggests that several C2-symmetric conformations of alcaligin exist simultaneously in both methanolic and aqueous solution.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, USA.
authors: T J
authors: TJ
authors: Brickman
authors: J G
authors: JG
authors: Hansel
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Miller
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Armstrong
mesh_terms: D000421:Alcaligenes; D001692:Biological Transport; D016950:Bordetella bronchiseptica / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D001886:Bordetella pertussis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003460:Crystallization; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D017262:Siderophores / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D017262:Siderophores; C092056:alcaligin; D007501:Iron