Diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection by detection of specific immunoglobulin M antibody in saliva.
Serum and saliva samples were simultaneously collected from patients with B19 infection. Specimens were collected in a period of 1 to 18 days after the onset of symptoms. Saliva samples were collected with a commercial device, OraSure. The quality of these samples was evaluated by determining the concentration of total immunoglobulin G (IgG) by an enzyme immunoassay. The concentration of IgG in these samples ranged from 4.8 to > 250 mg/liter. B19 infection was confirmed for 20 patients by testing sera in a 1: 100 dilution by an IgM capture enzyme immunoassay (MACEIA) and an IgM capture hemadherence test (MACHAT). Saliva samples from these IgM-positive patients were tested neat by MACEIA and MACHAT. IgM could be detected in 11 of 20 (55%) samples by MACEIA and in 15 of 18 (83%) samples by MACHAT. Serum and saliva samples from a further 17 patients with rash were also tested. All of these specimens were unreactive by both assays. These results show that saliva may be a convenient alternative to serum for the diagnosis of recent B19 infection.
Cubel
R C
RC
Departamento de Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Oliveira
S A
SA
Brown
D W
DW
Cohen
B J
BJ
Nascimento
J P
JP
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D016731:Erythema Infectiosum / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D012397:Rosette Formation; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M