title: The effect of calcium and vitamin supplements on the incidence and recurrence of colorectal adenomatous polyps.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent attention has focused on calcium and certain vitamins as potential protective agents against colorectal neoplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two case-control studies were conducted on patients who underwent colonoscopy between 1986 and 1988, comparing 297 patients with newly diagnosed adenomas with 505 controls (without current or prior history of neoplasia), and 198 patients with recurrent adenomas with 347 recurrent controls (with no current neoplasia, but with a history of polypectomy). Subjects were interviewed regarding their regular usage of supplementation with vitamins A, C, D, and E, or with calcium, multivitamins, or any vitamin supplements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No consistent associations were observed with the use of any of these supplements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More studies are necessary to confirm these findings. It may be necessary to develop other chemopreventive agents, such as aspirin, for colorectal neoplasia.
authors: Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors: A I
authors: AI
authors: Neugut
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Horvath
authors: R L
authors: RL
authors: Whelan
authors: M B
authors: MB
authors: Terry
authors: G C
authors: GC
authors: Garbowski
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bertram
authors: K A
authors: KA
authors: Forde
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Treat
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Waye
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018256:Adenomatous Polyps / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002118:Calcium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014815:Vitamins / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins; D002118:Calcium