title: Bipolar affective disorder minus left prefrontal cortex equals schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An investigation of the relationship between bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia, following a severe head injury and removal of the left prefrontal cortex.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single case report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An individual with past history of bipolar affective disorder suffered traumatic damages to the left prefrontal cortex with a second lesion in the left temporal lobe. The patient developed typical schizophrenia nine months later. The relevance of his brain lesions in determining the schizophrenic symptoms is discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose that the specific pattern of brain injury in this patient was sufficient to change the phenotype from bipolar affective disorder to schizophrenia.
authors: Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Pang
authors: S W
authors: SW
authors: Lewis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011612:Psychosurgery; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed