title: Contraction and relaxation of aortas from diabetic rats: effects of chronic anti-oxidant and aminoguanidine treatments.
abstract: We examined whether chronic treatment with the free radical scavengers butylated hydroxytoluene (1 g kg-1 day-1) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (250 mg kg-1 day-1), or the inhibitor of advanced glycosylation reactions, aminoguanidine (1 g kg-1 day-1), could prevent the development of relaxation and contraction abnormalities in aorta from 2 month streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Diabetes caused a 24% deficit in maximal endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine for phenylephrine precontracted aortas (P < 0.01). This was unaffected by tissue-bath glucose concentration (5.5 or 40 mM), or by addition of 1 mM L-arginine. Butylated hydroxytoluene, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and aminoguanidine treatments gave substantial protection, maximum relaxation remaining in the non-diabetic range. Neither diabetes nor treatment affected endothelium-independent relaxation to glyceryl trinitrate. To test the suggestion that aminoguanidine could act as an inhibitor of constitutive nitric oxide synthase, acute aminoguanidine effects on endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine were also examined. No inhibition was noted. A modest increase in phenylephrine sensitivity with diabetes (P < 0.05) was unaffected by butylated hydroxytoluene or N-acetyl-L-cysteine, but partially prevented by aminoguanidine (P < 0.05). The data, therefore, provide evidence for the involvement of reactive oxygen species and the advanced glycosylation process particularly for impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation in experimental diabetes.
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Marischal College, Scotland, UK.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Archibald
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Cotter
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Keegan
authors: N E
authors: NE
authors: Cameron
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006146:Guanidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006146:Guanidines; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; D010656:Phenylephrine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000109:Acetylcholine; C004479:pimagedine; D000111:Acetylcysteine