title: Pain relief during and following outpatient curettage and hysterosalpingography: a double blind study to compare the efficacy and safety of tramadol versus naproxen. Cobra Research Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the analgetic efficacy and side-effects of Naproxen and Tramadol following the outpatient VABRA aspiration or hysterosalpingography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-one patients from the gynaecology clinics of two university hospitals and one municipal-teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicentre double blind randomized clinical trial. Computerised randomisation, stratification per-centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Semiquantitative assessment of the two drugs was performed by the patient and the gynaecologist using a 1- to 6-point scale. Pain, stress and well-being was scored by the patient using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the verbal description scale (VDS), ranging from 0 (good) to 100 (bad). Side-effects during the first 24 h postoperatively were recorded by the patient in a diary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analgetic efficacy (pain, stress and well-being) of Naproxen and Tramadol was identical. Subjective assessment by the patient and the doctor also revealed no differences between Naproxen and Tramadol. Side-effects of Tramadol, however, were significantly more severe than those of Naproxen and this phenomenon was responsible for a lower ability to proceed with normal activities in the Tramadol group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tramadol is a good alternative for Naproxen at outpatient VABRA or HSG procedures when Naproxen is contra-indicated.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Acedemic Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors: A A
authors: AA
authors: Peters
authors: E H
authors: EH
authors: Witte
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Damen
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Holm
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Drogendijk
authors: E A
authors: EA
authors: vd Velde
authors: J B
authors: JB
authors: Trimbos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D003475:Curettage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009288:Naproxen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014147:Tramadol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002395:Catecholamines; D014147:Tramadol; D009288:Naproxen