title: Effect of physician gender on the prescription of estrogen replacement therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if women cared for by female physicians are more likely to receive postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy than women cared for by male physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study with follow-up telephone survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  An outpatient practice at an urban teaching hospital in Boston, Massachusetts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were women begun on estrogen replacement therapy during an 18-month period; controls were matched on age and month of visit. Seventy-one cases (mean age 60 years, 41% nonwhite) and 142 controls (mean age 60 years, 48% nonwhite) were identified. Fifty-two (82%) of 64 eligible case patients and 89 (80%) of 111 eligible control patients completed a follow-up telephone interview assessing their preferences for female physicians and interest in estrogen replacement therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for potential confounders using conditional logistic regression, patients with female physicians were more likely to begin estrogen replacement therapy than those seen by male physicians (odds ratio [OR] 5.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8, 15.3). Case patients selected their primary care physician more often than control patients and were more interested in estrogen replacement therapy. After adjusting for potential confounders including patients' preferences to select their physician and their interest in estrogen replacement therapy, patients with female physicians were still more likely to begin estrogen replacement therapy than those seen by male physicians (OR 11.4, 95% CI 1.1, 113.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that female patients are more likely to be prescribed estrogen replacement therapy if they are cared for by female physicians rather than male physicians even after accounting for patient preferences. Further research is required to determine whether these differences reflect differences in physicians' knowledge or attitudes regarding estrogen replacement therapy or reflect gender differences in how physicians discuss estrogen replacement therapy with their patients.
authors: Health Services Research and Development, Brockton/West Roxbury Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: T B
authors: TB
authors: Seto
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Taira
authors: R B
authors: RB
authors: Davis
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Safran
authors: R S
authors: RS
authors: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010819:Physician's Role; D010822:Physicians, Women