title: Cardiotrophin-1, a cytokine present in embryonic muscle, supports long-term survival of spinal motoneurons.
abstract: The muscle-derived factors required for survival of embryonic motoneurons are not clearly identified. Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a cytokine related to ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), is expressed at high levels in embryonic limb bud and is secreted by differentiated myotubes. In vitro, CT-1 kept 43% of purified E14 rat motoneurons alive for 2 weeks (EC50 = 20 pM). In vivo, CT-1 protected neonatal sciatic motoneurons against the effects of axotomy. CT-1 action on motoneurons was inhibited by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC), suggesting that CT-1 may act through a GPI-linked component. Since no binding of CT-1 to CNTFR alpha was detected, CT-1 may use a novel cytokine receptor alpha subunit. CT-1 may be important in normal motoneuron development and as a potential tool for slowing motoneuron degeneration in human diseases.
authors: Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech Incorporated, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Pennica
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Arce
authors: T A
authors: TA
authors: Swanson
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Vejsada
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Pollock
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Armanini
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Dudley
authors: H S
authors: HS
authors: Phillips
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Rosenthal
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Kato
authors: C E
authors: CE
authors: Henderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002470:Cell Survival; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D003714:Denervation; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice / Q000196:embryology; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009132:Muscles / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats / Q000196:embryology; D020801:Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015335:Molecular Probes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020801:Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; C092073:cardiotrophin 1