title: Nitric oxide synthase-cyclo-oxygenase pathways in organum vasculosum laminae terminalis: possible role in pyrogenic fever in rabbits.
abstract: 1. Fever was induced in rabbits by administration of Escherichia coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS; 0.001-10 micrograms) into the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT). Deep body temperature was evaluated over a period of 7 h. 2. The LPS-induced febrile response was mimicked by intra-OVLT injection of the nitric oxide (NO) donors, S-nitroso-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP, 1-10 micrograms), sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 50 micrograms), or hydroxylamine (10 micrograms), the cyclic GMP analogue 8-bromo-cyclic GMP (8-Br-cyclic GMP, 10-100 micrograms), or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 0.2 micrograms). 3. Dexamethasone (Dex, a potent inhibitor of the transcription of inducible NO synthase, iNOS, 10 micrograms), anisomycin (a protein synthesis inhibitor, 100 micrograms), L-N5-(1-iminoethyl)ornithine (L-NIO; an irreversible NOS inhibitor, 10-200 micrograms), aminoguanidine (a specific iNOS inhibitor, 1000 micrograms), or NG-methyl-L-arginine acetate (L-NMMA, a NOS inhibitor, 100 micrograms) inhibited fever induced by LPS when injected into the OVLT 1 h before LPS injection. An intra-OVLT dose of 1000 micrograms of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, a potent inhibitor of constitutive NOS) did not exhibit antipyretic effects. 4. Methylene blue (an inhibitor of NOS and soluble guanylate cyclase, 1-10 micrograms), 6-(phenylamino)-5,8-quinolinedione (LY-83583; an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase and NO release, 20 micrograms), or indomethacin (an inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase, COX, 400 micrograms) inhibited fever induced by LPS when injected into the OVLT 1 h before LPS injection. Pretreatment with methylene blue or haemoglobin (a NO scavenger, 100 micrograms) attenuated the fever induced by intra-OVLT injection of SNAP. 5. The PGE2-induced fever was potentiated, rather then attenuated, by pretreatment with an intra-OVLT dose of animoguanidine (1000 micrograms), L-NMMA (100 micrograms) or L-NIO (200 micrograms). 6. These results suggest that iNOS-COX pathways in the OVLT represent an important mechanism for modulation of pyrogenic fever in rabbits.
authors: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Lin
authors: M T
authors: MT
authors: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000201:enzymology*; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000502:physiology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007213:Indomethacin