title: An ivermectin tablet for sheep: efficacy against gastro-intestinal nematodes and a bioavailability comparison with a liquid ivermectin formulation.
abstract: An ivermectin tablet for oral administration to sheep was developed for use in countries where it is customary to treat sheep with anthelmintic tablets. Tablets require no special administration equipment, and offer convenience for storage and transport. The ivermectin tablet, which delivers 10 mg of ivermectin (200 micrograms kg-1 in a 50 kg sheep), had similar bioavailability to a liquid formulation of ivermectin (IVOMEC Liquid for Sheep) as determined by peak plasma ivermectin concentrations and area under the concentration curve in plasma (P > 0.10). In dose confirmation trials in which nematode infections were induced in helminth-naive sheep, animals treated with the ivermectin tablet had significantly fewer adult and fourth-stage larval nematodes than untreated control sheep (P < 0.01) with efficacies > 99% against all nematode species tested. In six field trials evaluating the efficacy of the ivermectin tablet in 240 Merino sheep, the reductions in faecal nematode egg counts ranged between 98 and 100%, as determined by comparison of pre- and post-treatment counts for the ivermectin-treated group.
authors: Merck Research Laboratories, Ingleburn, N.S.W., Australia.
authors: R P
authors: RP
authors: Gogolewski
authors: G R
authors: GR
authors: Allerton
authors: W K
authors: WK
authors: Langholff
authors: L G
authors: LG
authors: Cramer
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Eagleson
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001682:Biological Availability; D005260:Female; D006373:Helminthiasis / Q000517:prevention & control; D006374:Helminthiasis, Animal; D006376:Helminths / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007814:Larva; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases; D012996:Solutions; D013045:Species Specificity; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D012996:Solutions; D013607:Tablets; D007559:Ivermectin