Chloride transport across kidney epithelia through CLC chloride channels.
This review summarizes recent progress in elucidating the chloride-transporting mechanisms in kidney epithelia, focusing particularly on those which act through the newly identified chloride channels. A family of chloride channel proteins (ClC chloride channels) consisting of at least 9 members (ClC-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, K1 and K2) has recently been identified in mammals. Although all of these ClC channels, except for skeletal muscle-specific ClC-1, are expressed in the kidney, only ClC-K1 and K2 are kidney-specific ClC chloride channels, suggesting that they play an important role in the kidney. The functional properties and intrarenal localization of these chloride channels are summarized, and their involvement in certain tubular dysfunctions and physiological roles are discussed in this report.
Uchida
S
S
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
Sasaki
S
S
Marumo
F
F
D001692:Biological Transport; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*
D018118:Chloride Channels; D002712:Chlorides