title: Presence and regulation of Raf-1-K (Kinase), MAPK-K, MAP-K, and S6-K in rat nephron segments.
abstract: Renal nephron segments are heterogeneous, and receptors for endothelin (ET)-1, ET-3, Angiotensin II (AII), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and insulin-like growth factor I distribute differently along the nephron segments. Recently, growth factors and vasoactive substances are reported to stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP-K). In this study, we showed that mRNA and proteins of MEK-K, Raf-1-K, MAPK-K, MAP-K (p42 and p44), and S6-K are expressed ubiquitously in intact nephron segment. We demonstrated that four tiers of a cascade composed of the Raf-1-K, MAP-K, MAP-K, and S6-K are stimulated by ET-1 and ET-3 in rat intact glomeruli (Glm) via primarily B-type ET receptors and PKC. The stimulatory effect of EGF and IGF-I to MAP-K activity is inhibited by a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in Glm. IGF-I significantly stimulates MAP-K activity and EGF and All moderately stimulate MAP-K activity in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). EGF significantly increased MAP-K cascades and ET-1 and ET-3 slightly increased MAP-K cascades in the medullary thick ascending limb (MTAL). EGF significantly stimulated MAP-K cascades, and ET-1 and ET-3 moderately stimulate MAP-K cascades in the outer medullary collecting duct (OMCD) and the inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD). MAPK-K and S6-K are similarly stimulated by these agonists in each segment. This study shows that MAP-K cascades are expressed in every nephron segment. ET-1, ET-3, All, EGF, and IGF-I stimulate MAP-K cascades heterogeneously along the nephron segment. It was concluded that MAP-K cascades play an important role in the regulation of renal function.
authors: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Terada
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Yamada
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Takayama
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Nonoguchi
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Sasaki
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Tomita
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Marumo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009399:Nephrons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D011494:Protein Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases