title: Fish oil supplementation versus gemfibrozil treatment in hyperlipidemic NIDDM. A randomized crossover study.
abstract: To compare the impact of dietary fish oil supplementation (FO, 22 ml daily, containing 4.6 g of n-3 (omega-3) fatty acids, equalling 14.4 mmol) on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism with that of conventional lipostatic therapy (Gemfibrozil (G), 900 mg daily, equalling 3.6 mmol) on hyperlipidemic non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 10 patients were selected for a randomized, short-time, cross-over study. Each patient was treated for a duration of 2 weeks, with an individual washout period of 8 weeks. Metabolic variables and intravenous glucose tolerances (1.2 mmol/kg body weight, t = 30 min) were determined on days 1 and 15 of each treatment period. Plasma lipid concentrations were identical at baseline, but were reduced more markedly following G as against FO exposure (% change vs. baseline: total cholesterol (chol), - 13**/-6* (G vs FO: p = 0.05); total triglycerides (TG), -39**/-18** (p < 0.05); APO B, -17**/- 10* (N.S.); LDL-chol, -15**/0 (p < 0.02); VLDL-chol, -50***/- 34*** (N.S.); VLDL-TG, -44***/-27** (N.S.); (p vs. baseline: * < 0.05, ** < 0.01, *** < 0.001). Total-HDL, HDL2, HDL3 and APO A were not influenced by either FO or G. Neither FO nor G induced a change in intravenous glucose tolerances or associated basal and incremental concentrations of insulin and C-peptide. We concluded, based on short-time applications, that (a) neither treatment affected the carbohydrate metabolism in patients with NIDDM, and (b) a greater hypolipidemic efficacy had to be assigned to Gemfibrozil than to fish oil. It would therefore appear that Gemfibrozil acts as a useful lipostatic pharmacologic compound, whilst fish oil could serve as a potential ingredient of a prudent cardio-protective diet which favours the low plasma triglyceride concentrations found in NIDDM patients.
authors: Department of Medicine III, University of Vienna, AKH, Austria.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Fasching
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Rohac
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Liener
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Schneider
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Nowotny
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Waldhäusl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015248:Gemfibrozil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005395:Fish Oils; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D015248:Gemfibrozil