title: Infrequent somatic mutations of the p16 and p15 genes in human bladder cancer: p16 mutations occur only in low-grade and superficial bladder cancers.
abstract: A recently identified gene, p16, located on chromosome 9p21, has been shown to be deleted and/or mutated in various types of human cancers. To investigate structural alterations of p16 and a neighboring gene, p15, we examined human bladder cancers for mutations in the entire coding region of these genes using polymerase chain reaction and single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis. Of 50 samples obtained from patients with bladder cancer, 3 (6%), all low-grade and superficial tumors, were found to have p16 gene alterations. The alterations included 1 missense mutation and 2 single-base deletions. We found no p15 gene mutations in these 50 bladder cancers. Our results suggested that p16 gene mutations, although they occurred at low frequency, are involved in some low-grade and early stage bladder cancers.
authors: Department of Urology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Miyamoto
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Kubota
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Fujinami
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Dobashi
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kondo
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Yao
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Shuin
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Hosaka
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D050762:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C493966:CDKN2B protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D050762:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins