title: The origins of the concept of muscle flaps.
abstract: Contrary to contemporary opinion, the principles of muscle flap preparation and the use of muscle flaps for, among other conditions, chronic osteomyelitis were described in Europe in the 19th century. This article introduces significant works from the turn of the century which would have greatly contributed to today's knowledge had they not fallen into obscurity.
authors: Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical Postgraduate Education Centre, Warsaw, Poland.
authors: B H
authors: BH
authors: Noszczyk
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009132:Muscles / Q000637:transplantation*; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000266:history* / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000266:history*