title: Coumarin 7-hydroxylation in long-term adherents of a strict uncooked vegan diet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Coumarin 7-hydroxylation was investigated in 21 Finnish vegans (20 females, one male) consuming a strict, uncooked vegan diet ("living food diet") and in their matched omnivorous controls, by means of an in vivo coumarin test.
  
  
  METHODS
  A capsule containing 5 mg of coumarin (Venalot) was taken after an overnight fast, and urine samples were collected before and 2, 4 and 6 h after the drug administration. The extent and rate of urinary excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin was determined using HPLC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total urinary excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin during 6 h was 58 (range 23-85) and 64 (range 39-92)% of the administred dose in the vegan and control groups. The coumarin index (excretion of 7-hydroxycoumarin during the first 2 h as percentage of total excretion) was 72% in the vegan and 78% in the control groups. A negative correlation was observed between the coumarin index and the consumption of wheatgrass juice by the vegans (r = -0.60, P < 0.01, n = 21). Proportion of slow hydroxylators (excreting 7-hydroxycoumarin after 4 h) was not statistically different between the groups (5/21 in the vegans vs 8/20 in the controls).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the present study, the clearly different dietary patterns and nutrient intakes between the vegans and the omnivores resulted in similar extent and rate of 7-hydroxycoumarin formation, indicating only a minor effect on coumarin hydroxylase (CYP2A6) activity by the plant substances in the uncooked vegan diet.
authors: Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Rauma
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Rautio
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Pasanen
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Pelkonen
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Törrönen
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Mykkänen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D003374:Coumarins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D014676:Diet, Vegetarian; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006900:Hydroxylation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D003374:Coumarins; C030123:coumarin