title: Phenotypic changes and loss of melanoma-specific endogenous C-type retroviruses in BL6 melanoma cells transfected with the H-2Kb gene.
abstract: The murine B16 melanoma and its sublines are low or totally deficient in expression of the H-2Kb class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene. In clones derived from the B16F10BL6 subline, expression of the transfected or endogenous H-2Kb gene resulted in alterations of various phenotypic properties of these melanoma cells, among which was the loss of melanoma-associated antigen (MAA) expression. Because our previous immunoelectron microscopy studies showed that MAA was associated with a C-type ecotropic retrovirus specific for melanomas of C57BL/6 origin, we examined the effect of class I H-2Kb as well as class II H-2IAk gene expression on retrovirus production in subclones of BL6 melanoma cells. Here we have shown that expression of the transfected or endogenous H-2Kb gene resulted in the loss of production of budding, MAA-specific, C-type retrovirus particles. Northern blot analysis demonstrated expression of ecotropic retroviral mRNAs in both particle-producing and non-producing BL6 melanoma clones. Southern blot analysis of high-molecular-weight cellular DNAs using an ecotropic env-specific DNA probe indicated that the parental BL6-8 melanoma cells contained the C57BL/6 endogenous ecotropic MuLV (Emv-2) and at least three additional, novel ecotropic retroviral DNAs. Restriction enzyme analysis of the proviral DNA suggests that the loss of retrovirus production in the H-2Kb-expressing melanoma clones is the result of multiple rearrangements in the novel proviral DNAs. Thus, phenotypic changes observed in the H-2Kb gene-transfected BL6 melanoma cells were associated with loss of endogenous melanoma-specific ecotropic retrovirus production.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Hearing
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gorelik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017988:Gammaretrovirus / Q000254:growth & development*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006183:H-2 Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D010641:Phenotype; D014162:Transfection; D014771:Virion
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D006183:H-2 Antigens; C032876:H-2Kb protein, mouse; D004247:DNA