title: Regional macrophage activation after injury and the compartmentalization of inflammation in trauma.
abstract: The mononuclear phagocyte or macrophage (M phi) system is an important early participant in the human immune response to injury. M phi are uniquely able to transduce a broad variety of nonspecific physical and chemical stimuli generated in traumatized tissues as well as specific immune signals (such as cytokines) into coherent response patterns. Thus, M phi occupy a central position in the overall response in that they can initiate specific, cognate immune responses to injury. M phi are both responsive to cytokine signals and key inducers of cytokine-mediated patterns of response in other cells. Not only do the responses of M phi in different diseases states very widely, but these responses may vary from location to location and over time in the same organism. This article examines the role of M phi in the response to injury, focusing on local activities and the hypothesis that local M phi response patterns (and their pathologic loss) may be involved in the generation of immune-mediated organ injury distant from sites of direct trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hauser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators