title: Excitable properties and underlying Na+ and K+ currents in neurons from the guinea-pig jugular ganglion.
abstract: Neurons in the superior vagal (jugular) ganglion relay afferent information from thoracic visceral organs and may be important in inflammatory processes due to the peripheral release of bioactive neuropeptides such as substance P. We characterized the excitable properties and underlying voltage-gated Na+ (INa) and K+ (IKv) currents in acutely dissociated guinea pig jugular ganglion neurons with microelectrode and whole-cell patch-clamp recording techniques. Current clamp recordings revealed a resting potential of approx. -55 mV and input resistance of approx. 100 M ohms. Brief depolarizing steps evoked an overshooting action potential (approx. 2 ms duration), fast (< 20 ms duration) afterhyperpolarization (AHPF) sequence in all neurons, followed by a slow (> 1 s) Cd(2+)-sensitive afterhyperpolarization (AHPS) in 45% of the neurons. The AHPS was implicated in limiting repetitive action potential firing during maintained depolarizing steps. The action potential in 15/17 neurons, and a major component of the whole cell INa in 13/13 neurons were insensitive to TTX (1-10 microM), indicating that jugular neurons express predominantly a TTX-resistant type of INa. Cd2+ (200 microM) did not affect action potential repolarization, while tetraethylammonium (TEA; 10 mM) in the presence of Cd2+ markedly prolonged action potential repolarization, and blocked the AHPF in 11/11 neurons. This suggested that the action potential repolarization and the AHPF are mediated by IKv, with little contribution by Ca(2+)-dependent IK (IK(Ca)). Whole cell IKv activated rapidly (tau < 1.5 ms), and inactivated variably over a time period of seconds. IKv activation and inactivation voltage dependencies and TEA sensitivity were compatible with its availability during the action potential and AHPF. Only 1/26 neurons exhibited current with the rapid inactivation kinetics and voltage-dependencies characteristic of classic IA-type current. These results highlight differences in the properties of jugular neurons (e.g., deficiency of rapid IA, and lack of a TTX-sensitive subpopulation), relative to those known for other visceral and somatic afferents, and thus provide a basis for further functional studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, ZENECA Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE 19897, USA. christian@zen.com
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Christian
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Togo
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D015222:Sodium Channels; D002104:Cadmium; D013779:Tetrodotoxin