title: Evaluation of disinfectants against Salmonella enteritidis.
abstract: Five classes of disinfectants (phenol, quaternary ammonium, chlorine, glutaraldehyde, and a combination of quaternary ammonium and formaldehyde) were diluted in "field" water (well, stream, or pond water) and compared with dilutions of the disinfectants in laboratory-grade water for their efficacy against the AOAC (Association of Official Agricultural Chemists) test organism Salmonella cholerasuis (ATCC 10708), S. enteritidis isolated from the spleen of an infected laying hen, and an egg-invasive S. enteritidis isolate. In all cases when S. cholerasuis was used, there was a significant association between the use of well, pond, and stream water and the growth of the bacterium. If we exclude glutaraldehyde, there was also a significant association between the use of "field" water and the growth of both isolates of S. enteritidis. There was no significant association when glutaraldehyde was used. There was a significant association between the use of lab water and the growth of S. enteritidis. The results suggested that the inability to remove S. enteritidis from layer houses may in part be associated with the source of water. Variables in pH, hardness, conductivity, nitrate content, or bacterial contamination of the water did not appear to affect the ability of the disinfectant to kill S. enteritidis. If "field" water is used for disinfection against S. enteritidis, the use of quaternary ammonium, the combination (quaternary ammonium/formaldehyde), or phenol should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Avian Medicine and Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Eckroade
mesh_terms: D002713:Chlorine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005976:Glutaral / Q000494:pharmacology; D019800:Phenol; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D010636:Phenols; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D019800:Phenol; D002713:Chlorine; D005976:Glutaral