title: Inhibitory effects of retinoic acids on androgen-dependent development of neonatal mouse seminal vesicles in vitro.
abstract: The effects of retinoic acids (RAs) on development of seminal vesicles (SVs) of neonatal mice were investigated in vitro. SVs from 0-day-old male mice were cultured for 2-6 days in serum-free, chemically defined medium containing transferrin and BSA supplemented with 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT; 10(-8) M) and insulin (10 microg/ml), alone and in combination. Before culture, SVs from 0-day-old mice consisted of an unbranched epithelium surrounded by mesenchyme. SVs cultured in medium with DHT plus insulin or DHT alone formed numerous epithelial branches after day 2 of culture, whereas epithelial branching did not occur in SVs cultured with insulin alone. All-trans-RA or 13-cis-RA (10(-9)-10(-6) M) added to medium containing DHT plus insulin or DHT alone inhibited epithelial branching in a dose-dependent manner. This inhibitory effect was reversible after removal of the retinoids from the medium on day 4 of culture. These RAs also decreased [3H]thymidine labeling indexes of both epithelium and mesenchyme of SVs cultured in medium with DHT plus insulin or DHT alone and inhibited the increase in their protein contents. 9-Cis-RA was less inhibitory than all-trans-RA or 13-cis-RA on epithelial branching, [3H]thymidine labeling indexes of epithelium and mesenchyme, and protein content of SVs cultured in medium with DHT and insulin. In the absence of DHT (insulin alone), all-trans-RA did not affect either the [3H]thymidine labeling indexes of epithelium and mesenchyme or the protein content of cultured SVs. Reverse transcriptase-PCR demonstrated strong expression of transcripts for mouse RA receptors (RARalpha, RARgamma, and RXRalpha), with lower levels of expression of RARbeta, RXRbeta, and RXRgamma in neonatal SVs. The present results indicate that RAs reversibly inhibit androgen-dependent development of neonatal mouse SVs, most likely through RARs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ehime University Medical School, Onsengun, Ehime, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanji
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dahiya
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Cunha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017931:DNA Primers; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004847:Epithelial Cells; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000097768:Retinoic Acid Receptor gamma
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D007328:Insulin; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014212:Tretinoin; D000097768:Retinoic Acid Receptor gamma; C000607072:Rara protein, mouse; C082925:retinoic acid receptor beta