title: [Assessment of complications of major orthopedic surgery: comparison of indobufen, calcium heparin, and low molecular heparin].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of incidence of postoperative thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications in autotrasfused patients undergoing blood predepositing, hemodilution, intra and postoperative blood saving and treated with indobufen, heparin calcine and low molecular weight heparin (enoxeparin).
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative study. Length of follow up: 6 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three division of Orthopaedic Surgery related to 1st Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit of Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute.
  
  
  METHODS
  980 consecutive patients admitted to hospital from 1-1-1992 to 30-6-1994 (321 males and 159 females), aged between 20 and 90 years (mean 62 +/- 11 years), with basal hemoglobin at 13.4 +/- 1.4 g/dI (range 6.7-17.9), who had undergone antithromboembolic prophylaxis with indobufen (Indo, 668), heparin calcine (CaHe, 200) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Total hip (714) and knee (121) arthroprosthesis and hip replacements (cup 33, stem 10, cup and stem 102).
  
  
  METHODS
  The incidence of death, thromboembolic complications (pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis), hemorrhage (hematoma and homologous transfusions), cardiac ischaemia. ANOVA and contingency tables (CT) were used for statistical.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The absence of complications was significantly greater in patients treated with indobufen (Indo 94.3% vs CaHe 83.5% vs LMWH 85.7%, CT: p = 0.0001); the incidence of thromboembolic complications was significantly higher in patients treated with heparin calcine and low molecular weight heparin; in patients treated with heparin calcine the incidence of haemorrhagic complications was significantly higher. Due to bleeding brought about by the use of heparin calcine, one patient with coronary heart disease suffered from anemia and severe hypotensions by myocardiac infarction and cardiogenous shock which led to the patient's death. The use of homologous transfusions was significantly higher in patients treated with heparin calcine (Indo 4.2% vs CaHe 14.5% vs LMWH 4.5%, CT: p = 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients undergoing autotransfusion and hemodilution, indobufen has a lower of haemorrhagic complications compared to heparine calcine and low molecular weight heparin and it is more effective in the prevention of thrombotic complications at clinical evidence.
authors.affiliation: I Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione, IRCCS Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Bologna.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Borghi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bassi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grazia
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Feoli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pignotti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D054833:Isoindoles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009985:Orthopedics; D010654:Phenylbutyrates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D054833:Isoindoles; D010654:Phenylbutyrates; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; C006871:calcium heparin; C020371:indobufen; D006493:Heparin
vernacular_title: Valutazione delle complicanze in chirurgia ortopedica maggiore: confronto tra indobufene, eparina calcica ed eparina a basso peso molecolare.