title: Diarrhea in young children associated with Escherichia coli non-O157 organisms that produce Shiga-like toxin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the clinical manifestations and incidence of infection associated with Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli (SLTEC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Children with diarrhea within a defined geographic area during a 12-month period were examined for the presence of SLTEC in their stools by polymerase chain reaction with the use of primers that were complementary to sequences of Shiga-like toxins types I and II and to other virulence factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 13 SLTEC infections among 468 children with diarrhea. Besides Shiga-like toxin sequences, the virulence genes eae and EHEC-hly were found in 10 isolates; these isolates were categorized as enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). Only 2 of 13 isolates were of the O157 strain. All reported cases occurred in summer (June through September) with the exception of one case in April. The infections were sporadic, and the infected children lived in rural and urban areas. Three infections in children with disabilities were hospital acquired. The majority of children had watery diarrhea, two had bloody diarrhea, and one had mild hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The overall incidence of SLTEC infection was 12.5 hospitalized children per 100,000 children less than 16 years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most frequent clinical manifestation of SLTEC infection was watery diarrhea indistinguishable from other forms of infectious diarrhea. The shift from the O157 strain toward non-O157 SLTEC strains associated with diarrhea, also observed in German patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome, points to a change in the epidemiologic features of SLTEC-associated disease. Testing for non-O157 SLTEC should be considered in children with diarrhea without a recognized cause.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Huppertz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aleksic
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karch
mesh_terms: D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012621:Seasons; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012703:Serotyping; D022622:Shiga Toxin 1
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D022622:Shiga Toxin 1