title: Optimal elective management of patent ductus arteriosus in the older child.
abstract: Open surgical ligation has proven to be a safe and effective method to bring about closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Recent studies have suggested that percutaneous transcatheter and video-assisted thorascopic closure may be better and more cost-effective techniques for PDA closure. The authors reviewed their experience with open thoracotomy for the elective ligation of PDA in 42 children over a 3-year period. The male:female ratio was 1.6:1; the age of the patients (mean +/- SD) was 2.8 +/- 2.3 years and their weight was 14 +/- 7 kg. In all cases the diagnosis was confirmed preoperatively by echocardiography. Open ligation of the PDA was performed through a limited left posterolateral thoracotomy with exposure, by an extrapleural approach. Closure was established with two silk ligatures or a silk ligature and clip, and drainage of the extrapleural space was not used. The operating time was 85 +/- 12 minutes. The total duration of hospitalization was 3.1 +/- 0.8 days. There were no deaths. Successful closure was confirmed by auscultation in 39 children and by subsequent echocardiography in three patients. No surgical complications occurred, and no transfusions were required. Minor respiratory symptoms occurred in two patients postoperatively. Transient systemic hypertension was seen in two patients, and one wound infection occurred.
authors.affiliation: Division of Paediatric Surgery, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D004452:Echocardiography; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome