title: Physical training, lifestyle education, and coronary risk factors in obese girls.
abstract: The effects of supervised physical training (PT) and lifestyle education (LSE) on risk factors for coronary artery disease and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were compared in obese 7- to 11-yr-old black girls. The subjects were divided into two groups. The PT group (N = 12) completed a 5-d.wk-1, 10-wk, aerobic training program; and the LSE group participated in weekly lifestyle discussions to improve exercise and eating habits. The PT group showed a significant increase in aerobic fitness (P < 0.05) and decrease in percent body fat (P < 0.05), while the LSE group declined significantly more in dietary energy and percent of energy from fat (P < 0.05). Fasting insulin did not change significantly. The LSE group declined significantly more than the PT group in glucose (P < 0.05), and glycohemoglobin declined from baseline in both groups (P < 0.05). Lipid changes were similar in the two groups: total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.01) and triglycerides (P < 0.05) declined, the low density lipoprotein (LDL)/apoproteinB ratio increased (which indicates a decrease in small dense LDL) (P < 0.05) and lipoprotein(a) increased (P < 0.05). Thus, the interventions were similarly effective in improving some diabetogenic and atherogenic factors, perhaps through different pathways; i.e., the PT improved fitness and fatness, while the LSE improved diet. Exercise and diet-induced changes in lipoprotein(a) require further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. deptped.bgutin@mail.mcg.edu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gutin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cucuzzo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Stachura
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors