title: A pilot study comparing toluidine blue and hematoxylin and eosin staining of basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma during Mohs surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) is the most common stain used for Mohs frozen sections. Toluidine blue (T-blue) is a metachromatic stain that has been frequently utilized for this purpose.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the cytologic and stromal staining patterns of each stain for Mohs frozen sections of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  T-blue revealed stromal change associated with the presence of BCC and SCC. H&E provided more prominent visibility of individual cell keratinization and necrosis, which are common features seen in SCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found T-blue to be fast and effective in identifying mucopolysaccharides in stroma associated with basal cell carcinoma. For this reason, T-blue is our preferred stain for BCCs, while H&E can provide greater ease of identification of histologic features of SCCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nemeth
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McCrevey
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Baer
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Goldberg
mesh_terms: D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D005629:Frozen Sections; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000032:analysis; D006416:Hematoxylin; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D015580:Mohs Surgery; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D014048:Tolonium Chloride
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D014048:Tolonium Chloride; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D006416:Hematoxylin