title: N-acetylglucosamine-containing muramyl peptides directly affect macrophages.
abstract: In this study flow cytometry was used to show that macrophages were the major population of murine peritoneal exudate cells (MPEC), increasing Ia expression upon treatment with N-acetylglucosaminyl-beta 1-4-N-acetylmuramyl-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (GMDP). Modulation of Ia expression resulted from direct action of GMDP on macrophages, rather than from effect of cytokines released by T-cells. The effect of GMDP on two populations of macrophages, namely, slow and rapid responding, was studied in detail. Rapid responding cells were represented by Ia-positive macrophages: GMDP augmented their Ia expression. In contrast, slow responding subpopulation was represented by initially Ia-negative macrophages, in which GMDP induced de novo synthesis of Ia-antigens. The ability to induce Ia expression was also characteristic for other adjuvant-active N-acetylglucosamine-containing muramyl peptides (GMPs). Macrophages were shown to engulf GMPs by endocytosis. Activation of macrophages by GMDP resulted in an increase in their phagocytic activity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Khaidukov
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Komaleva
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Nesmeyanov
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000166:cytology; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; C023868:N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl-N-acetylmuramyl-alanylisoglutamine; D016572:Cyclosporine