Is the analgesic activity of epibatidine caused by a chemical reaction with the morphine opioid receptor?
Using the molecular modeling program SYBYL, a conformational analysis of epibatidine has been performed. Two pairs of stable conformations due to the rotational degree of freedom for the pyridine ring have been found. These conformations were compared with morphine regarding spatial arrangements as well as electronic aspects. A very close agreement between the essential receptor positions occurring in morphine and epibatidine could be demonstrated. The protonable nitrogen atom in epibatidine is in exactly the same spatial position as in morphine, if the pyridine ring and the phenolic ring of morphine were matched to each other. Interestingly, it is also apparent that the pyridine nitrogen atom is in a close position to the bridging oxygen atom of morphine. Furthermore, the chlorine substituent fits very well with the hydroxyl group of morphine. A chemical reaction is postulated to permit epibatidine to function as an analgesic. The carbon-chlorine bond should be activated by the neighbourhood of the nitrogen atom in the pyridine ring and therefore undergo a chemical reaction resulting in formation of a covalent bond, perhaps of an oxygen bridge between the opioid receptor and epibatidine.
Brandt
W
W
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
Barth
A
A
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D011725:Pyridines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D011725:Pyridines; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; C082748:epibatidine