title: Regional chemotherapy for colorectal hepatic metastases: evidence for improved survival with new drug combinations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with colorectal hepatic metastases, response rates with hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) FUdR (5-Fluoro-2-deoxyuridine) are significantly higher than with systemic fluoropyrimidines. We report a novel animal model of intrahepatic therapy for hepatic metastasis for the study of methods to increase response rates and improve survival. METHODS. BD-IX rats are injected intrasplenically with K12/TRb cells. When hepatic metastases are established, animals are treated with hepatic or systemic chemotherapy, and the response to treatment, survival, and cause of death is determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant responses were observed with low- and high-dose HAI FUdR (p = 0.03 and 0.001, respectively). Only high-dose FUdR controlled hepatic disease. HAI FUdR alone did not prolong survival compared with control, but combination systemic FUdR and HAI FUdR did (p = 0.04). Continuous HAI of either 5-fluorouridine or mitomycin C has not previously been reported. There was no significant difference in response to FUdR, 5-fluorouridine, or mitomycin C. However, combination HA bolus mitomycin C plus either HAI 5-fluorouridine or HAI mitomycin C showed synergy with improved survival compared with all treatment groups (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of bolus hepatic artery mitomycin C with either HAI mitomycin C or HAI 5-fluorouridine yields significant response rates, and survival is improved by this novel combination therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sutanto-Ward
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arisawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tremiterra
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Sigurdson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005467:Floxuridine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D005467:Floxuridine; D016685:Mitomycin