title: Stapedial reflex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine mechanisms controlling the stapedial reflex in patients with amyotrophic sclerosis (ALS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The stapedial reflex was examined using impedance audiometry in 38 patients with sporadic ALS and in 25 age matched controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients showed normal reflex decay test results. There were no significant differences between patients with ALS and control subjects in reflex threshold, latency, amplitude, or contraction time (C50). Although each reflex variable in the patients with classic or progressive muscular atrophy types of ALS showed no significant difference from that in control subjects, the patients with bulbar type ALS showed significantly longer latency, C50, and retraction time (D50), and significantly lower amplitude than control subjects. Three types of abnormal reflex waveforms (polyphasic, abnormally delayed retraction, and abnormally early retraction) were noted in six patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The subclinical involvement of the stapedius motor neurons or of the supranuclear stapedius motor system might be responsible for the abnormalities of the stapedial reflex in ALS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanabe
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D013198:Stapedius / Q000503:physiopathology*