title: High occurrence of primary malignant neoplasms in patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, their siblings, and their mothers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Attempts were made to clarify the correlation between human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV)-1 infection and malignant oncogenicity other than adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) in a case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The occurrence of primary malignant neoplasms (MN) in 110 ATL patients, their parents, and 430 siblings was compared with HTLV-1 seronegative non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients, their parents and 867 siblings. The chi-square test, odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to determine the statistical significance of differences in the occurrence of the primary MN among ATL patients, HTLV-1 seronegative NHL patients, their siblings, and their parents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The occurrence of primary MN in the ATL patients was higher than the occurrence in HTLV-1 seronegative NHL patients (P = 0.0036; OR = 2.91; 95% CI: 1.42, 6.02). In siblings of the ATL patients, there was a higher occurrence of primary MN than in siblings of the HTLV-1 seronegative NHL patients (P < 0.0001; OR = 3.35; 95% CI: 2.01, 5.58). In mothers of the ATL patients, there was a higher occurrence of primary MN than in mothers of the HTLV-1 seronegative NHL patients (P = 0.0063; OR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.30, 5.00), but not in fathers (P = 0.1602; OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 0.81, 3.47).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is an increased risk of primary MN in ATL patients, their siblings, and their mothers.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kozuru
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uike
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muta
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suehiro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D015459:Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / Q000150:complications*; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D009858:Oncogenic Viruses; D015995:Prevalence; D012698:Serologic Tests