title: [Self-test of morning urine with urinary dipsticks for 7 consecutive days for asymptomatic microscopic hematuria].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The frequency of hematuria and proteinuria was assessed in terms of the existence of glomerular disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five patients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria, in whom no urological disorders were recognized, were used in this study. The frequency of hematuria and proteinuria was assessed by self-test of the first voided urine in the morning with urinary dipsticks for 7 consecutive days. Hematuria (proteinuria) was judged positive when reaction for hematuria (proteinuria) on a dipstick was 1+ or more, and negative when reaction was - or +/-. On the basis of self-test, the frequency of hematuria (proteinuria) was classified into 3 types as follows: Type C, positive hematuria (proteinuria) recognized continuously throughout 7 days; Type S, positive and negative hematuria (proteinuria) recognized sporadically; Type N, negative hematuria (proteinuria) recognized throughout 7 days. The results were evaluated in terms of the existence of glomerular disorders, as revealed by renal biopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Self-tests were completed successfully in 53 (96%) out of 55 patients at the first attempt. Of these 55 patients 32 (58%) were Type C hematuria, 14 (26%) were Type S hematuria and 9 (16%) were Type N hematuria. The incidence of glomerular disorders was significantly higher in patients with Type C (81%, p < 0.0001) and Type S (71% p < 0.01) hematuria than those with Type N (0%) hematuria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of hematuria confirmed by self-test used in the present study was suggestive of glomerular disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamoi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terasaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000517:prevention & control; D006417:Hematuria / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D016353:Self-Examination / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods*