title: Damage threshold of normal rat brain in photodynamic therapy.
abstract: Normal brain tissue response to photodynamic therapy (PDT) must be quantified in order to implement PDT as a treatment of brain neoplasm. We therefore calculated the threshold for PDT-induced tissue necrosis in normal brain using Photofrin (porfimer sodium, Quadralogic Technologies Inc., Vancouver, BC) as the photosensitizer. The absolute light fluence-rate distribution for superficial irradiation and effective attenuation depth were measured in vivo using an invasive optical probe. Photosensitizer uptake in cerebral cortex was measured with chemical extraction and fluorometric analysis. Photodynamic therapy-induced lesion depths at various drug dose levels were measured as a biological end point. The PDT threshold for normal brain necrosis was calculated as in the magnitude of 10(16) photons/cm3. Thus normal rat brain is extremely vulnerable to PDT damage. This suggests that extra precautions must be exercised when PDT is used in brain.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, HealthONE, Denver, CO 80218, USA.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chopp
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Madigan
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Dereski
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Hetzel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D018462:Photobiology; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents