title: Influence of ejection fraction on hospital mortality, morbidity, and costs for CABG patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preoperative ejection fraction (EF) has been shown to adversely affect postoperative hospital mortality and morbidity for patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate influence of EF on isolated coronary artery bypass grafting outcomes (overall hospital mortality, hospital cardiac mortality, hospital morbidity, and hospital costs), data were reviewed from 1,354 consecutive patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting between January 1, 1990, and April 30, 1992, at a single nonprofit hospital. Overall hospital mortality was 4.06% (cardiac, 2.36%). Hospital morbidity was 14.25% (including mortality). Hospital costs (not charges) averaged $16,673 per patient. To explore the impact of preoperative EF, EF was stratified into regular intervals. Each interval was then compared with regard to hospital mortality, morbidity, and average costs. A new statistical tool, discharge analysis, was developed to analyze the cost data. This was necessary because previous efforts at cost analysis have used tools inappropriate for real world cost data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The statistical analysis showed that patients with EF of 0.40 or greater had the best outcomes (lowest mortality, morbidity, and cost). Once the EF is 0.40 or greater the EF does not carry further predictive value. At EF less than 0.40, patients with EF less than 0.30 have a poorer outcome than patients with EF of 0.30 to 0.39.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) Ejection fraction is a valid predictor of mortality, morbidity and resource utilization based on statistical analysis. (2) Patients can be broadly grouped as having EF greater than 0.40, less than 0.30, or from 0.30 to 0.39 with regard to clinical and cost outcomes. (3) Postoperative length of stay is not predicted by risk-adjusted EF. (4) A new tool, discharge analysis, is presented to facilitate cost analysis.
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles, California 90017-2395, USA.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Prejean
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000191:economics* / Q000401:mortality; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D005260:Female; D017721:Hospital Costs; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013318:Stroke Volume