Differential expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors 1 and 2 (VIP-R1 and VIP-R2) mRNA in murine lymphocytes.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a neuropeptide present in the lymphoid microenvironment, modulates cytokine expression and affects T cell proliferation. Recent molecular studies identified two VIP receptors. VIP-R1 and VIP-R2, primarily in nonlymphoid cells. In this study, we investigate the expression of VIP-R1 and VIP-R2 mRNA in unstimulated and stimulated lymphocytes and thymocytes, and in various lymphocyte subpopulations. In contrast to VIP-R1 which is constitutively expressed, the expression of VIP-R2 is induced only following stimulation through the TCR-associated CD3 complex. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells express VIP-R1 and VIP-R2. Two T cell lines, EL-4.IL-2 and D10.G4.1 express exclusively VIP-R2. VIP induces the expression of the VIP-R2 gene in the absence of additional stimuli. Differential expression and regulation of the two VIP receptors in T lymphocytes suggests different physiological roles in mediating the immunomodulatory activities of VIP and related neuropeptides.
Delgado
M
M
Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Martinez
C
C
Johnson
M C
MC
Gomariz
R P
RP
Ganea
D
D
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018005:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D051239:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology; D013997:Time Factors
D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018005:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D051239:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II; C495510:Vipr2 protein, mouse