title: Binocularity in prism-reared monkeys.
abstract: Prismatic binocular dissociation in infant monkeys mimicked a concomitant squint. Within 3 weeks, the numbers of binocular neurons in the primary visual cortex were reduced by half and did not recover with up to 5 years of subsequent unrestricted binocular visual experience. The monkeys failed to show binocular summation for spatial contrast sensitivity tasks and were unable to utilise horizontal binocular disparities in random-dot stereograms-two indices of stereoblindness. Electrophysiological analysis of the V1 and V2 cortices showed a dramatic reduction in binocular neurons. Analysis of interocular spatial phase tuning functions showed a conspicuous loss of excitatory binocular drive in V1 neurons which was sufficient to account for many of the defects in binocular function.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Medical School at Houston, Texas, USA. jcrawfor@gsbs.gs.uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Harwerth
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chino
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003867:Depth Perception; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008251:Macaca; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D013285:Strabismus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000473:pathology*