title: Role of aldosterone in the remnant kidney model in the rat.
abstract: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) participates in the injury sustained by the remnant kidney. Our studies assessed the importance of aldosterone in that model and the response of aldosterone to drugs interfering with the RAAS. Initially, four groups of rats were studied: SHAM-operated rats, untreated remnant rats (REM), REM rats treated with losartan and enalapril (REM AIIA), and REM AIIA rats infused with exogenous aldosterone (REM AIIA + ALDO). The last group was maintained with aldosterone levels comparable to those in untreated REM rats by constant infusion of exogenous aldosterone. REM rats had larger adrenal glands and a > 10-fold elevation in plasma aldosterone compared to SHAM. REM AIIA rats demonstrated significant suppression of the hyperaldosteronism as well as marked attenuation of proteinuria, hypertension, and glomerulosclerosis compared to REM. REM AIIA + ALDO rats manifested greater proteinuria, hypertension, and glomerulosclerosis than REM AIIA rats. Indeed, by 4 wk of observation all of these features of the experimental disease were similar in magnitude in REM AIIA + ALDO and untreated REM. In separate REM rats spironolactone administration did not reduce glomerular sclerosis but did transiently reduce proteinuria, lowered arterial pressure, and lessened cardiac hypertrophy. In summary, aldosterone contributes to hypertension and renal injury in the remnant kidney model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Renal Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kren
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hostetter
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000502:physiology*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000502:physiology; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004656:Enalapril / Q000494:pharmacology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019808:Losartan; D008297:Male; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009392:Nephrectomy; D009929:Organ Size; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000494:pharmacology; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D007093:Imidazoles; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; D013777:Tetrazoles; D000804:Angiotensin II; D013148:Spironolactone; D000450:Aldosterone; D004656:Enalapril; D019808:Losartan