title: Heterogeneity of expression of E- and P-selectins in vivo.
abstract: A novel technique involving radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies was used to characterize and compare the expression of E- and P-selectin on unstimulated, histamine-challenged, and endotoxin-challenged endothelial cells in various tissues of the mouse. Under unstimulated conditions, E-selectin was absent in all organs, but significant expression of P-selectin was observed in several organs. Histamine induced a rapid time-dependent upregulation of P-selectin, with the largest responses observed in mesentery and lung. Significant fold elevations in P-selectin expression occurred as early as 5 minutes after the histamine injection and remained elevated up to 1 hour. Histamine-induced P-selectin upregulation was inhibited by the H1 receptor antagonist diphenhydramine, whereas the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine had no effect. Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) also induced a time-dependent expression of P-selectin that reached a maximum between 4 and 8 hours after endotoxin administration. LPS-induced upregulation of P-selectin was greatest in heart and stomach, which exhibited insignificant constitutive expression of P-selectin. LPS also induced a time-dependent upregulation of E-selectin, with maximal expression occurring 3 to 5 hours after intraperitoneal administration. The lung and small intestine exhibited the largest responses to LPS challenge. Histamine administration did not affect E-selectin expression in any tissue. E- and P-selectin-deficient mice were used to test the specificity of monoclonal antibody binding in unstimulated, histamine-challenged, and LPS-stimulated tissues. Vascular binding of the radiolabeled E-selectin and P-selectin monoclonal antibodies was not observed in the respective deficient mice. These findings suggest that P-selectin is constitutively expressed on vascular endothelium in some tissues of the mouse and that there are significant regional differences in the magnitude and time course of histamine- and endotoxin-induced P-selectin expression. In contrast, E-selectin appears to be absent on unstimulated vascular endothelium but is upregulated within 3 hours after the administration of endotoxin in most tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport, USA. meppih@lsumc.edu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Eppihimer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wolitzky
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Labow
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Granger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019040:E-Selectin; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D019007:P-Selectin; D006632:Histamine