title: Left ventricular wall stress and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase gene expression in renal hypertensive rats: dose-dependent effects of ACE inhibition and AT1-receptor blockade.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac hypertrophy is associated with altered Ca2+ handling and may predispose to the development of LV dysfunction and cardiac failure. At the cellular level, the re-expression of ANF represents a well-established marker of myocyte hypertrophy while the decreased expression of the sarcoplasmatic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-ATPase is thought o play a crucial role in the alterations of Ca2+ handling and LV function. We assessed the dose-dependent effect of chronic ACE inhibition or AT1 receptor blockade on cardiac function in relation to the cardiac expression of the SR Ca(2+)-ATPase and ANF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Renal hypertensive rats (2K-1C) were treated for 12 weeks with three different doses of the ACE inhibitor benazepril, the AT1-receptor antagonist valsartan (each drug 0.3, 3, and 10 mg/kg per day i.p.) or placebo. LV dimensions, hypertrophy and wall stress were determined in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging and the gene expressions of ANF and SR Ca(2+)-ATPase were quantified by Northern blot. Low doses of both drugs did not affect blood pressure, hypertrophy, systolic wall stress and the ANF and SR Ca(2+)-ATPase gene expression. High doses of each drug reduced systolic blood pressure, wall stress, and LV hypertrophy to a similar extent and to values comparable to normotensive, age-matched rats. In addition, high dose treatment reduced LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volume as compared to untreated 2K-1C animals and normalized the mRNA levels of both ANF and SR Ca(2+)-ATPase (as compared to normotensive animals).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that in this model, high doses of ACE inhibition and AT1-receptor blockade are necessary to normalize systolic blood pressure, LV hypertrophy and systolic LV wall stress which, in turn, is associated with restoration of a normal cardiac phenotype with respect to SR Ca(2+)-ATPase and ANF and normalization of cardiac function.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research, CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basle, Switzerland.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zierhut
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Studer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kästner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Allegrini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Whitebread
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cumin
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Gasparo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Drexler
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000097:blood; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D006977:Hypertension, Renal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology*; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068756:Valsartan
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001552:Benzazepines; D013777:Tetrazoles; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000068756:Valsartan; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D014633:Valine; C044946:benazepril