title: Aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability of 1-anthraquinone sulphonate.
abstract: The present work investigates 1-anthraquinone sulphonate (1-AS) biodegradation under (i) aerobic conditions using domestic activated sludge as inoculum, (ii) anaerobic conditions using sludge from an anaerobic domestic wastewater treatment digester in a sulphate-containing or methanogenic environment, (iii) a combination of anaerobic followed by aerobic conditions. The process was evaluated in terms of primary degradation, i.e. 1-AS elimination and ultimate degradation, as total dissolved organic carbon removal. It was shown that aerobic conditions lead to the complete primary and ultimate degradation, of 1-AS. By contrast, neither under sulphato-reductive nor methanogenic conditions does anaerobic digestion lead to the significant degradation of 1-AS. The use of anaerobic treatment followed by aerobic treatment did not improve degradation. Indeed aerobic post-treatment resulted in the re-appearance of pollutant in the medium even though this had been partly degraded under anaerobic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seignez
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Suard
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Péringer
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002617:Chemical Industry; D004345:Drug Industry
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; C101046:anthraquinone 1-sulfonate