title: Prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 and thrombin-antithrombin III complex as markers of activation of blood coagulation in inflammatory bowel diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of the present work were to assess the presence of thrombin generation in Crohn's disease and in ulcerative colitis by using the prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 and the thrombin-antithrombin III complex assays and to study the possible relationships between these markers and disease activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 and thrombin-antithrombin III complex were significantly raised in patients with Crohn's disease (n = 69) and with ulcerative colitis (n = 25) as compared with healthy controls (n = 50). In Crohn's disease these two markers of thrombin generation were correlated with the Van Hees index (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively); values were significantly different from controls even in the patient group displaying the lowest disease activity (P < 0.001). No correlation was found with tumour necrosis factor alpha and C-reactive protein; nevertheless patients with C-reactive protein less than or equal to 10 mg/l had significant lower values of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (P < 0.03). In ulcerative colitis prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 and thrombin-antithrombin III complex were significantly increased by comparison with controls, were higher in patients with pancolitis and correlated with C-reactive protein (P < 0.002 and P < 0.009, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data show that prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 and thrombin-antithrombin III complex are increased in inflammatory bowel diseases and suggest that thrombin generation might be an early event in their pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Hépato-gastroentérologie et d'Assistance Nutritive, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chamouard
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grunebaum
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Wiesel
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wittersheim
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sapin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cazenave
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000378:metabolism; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000097:blood*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018180:Thrombomodulin / Q000378:metabolism; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D015415:Biomarkers; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D018180:Thrombomodulin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C046193:antithrombin III-protease complex; C045879:prothrombin fragment 1.2; D000990:Antithrombin III; D011516:Prothrombin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases