Energy intake adaptation of food intake to extreme energy densities of food by obese and non-obese women.
OBJECTIVE
Examination of energy intake in relation to energy density of food in obese and non-obese women. Assessment of energy and macronutrient intake over a day.


METHODS
Controlled food intake diaries of two weekdays and one weekend day.


METHODS
Daily life, with visits to the department of Human Biology, State University of Limburg.


METHODS
96 women: 68 subjects: 34 obese and 34 non-obese were matched for age (20-50y) and were selected based on completing the food intake diaries accurately, i.e. underreporting < 10% of their estimated energy intake.


RESULTS
The obese women showed a food intake distribution of 24 en% (0-7.5 kJ/g), 52 en% (7.5-15 kJ/g) and 24 en% (15-22.5 kJ/g), with a macronutrient composition of C/P/F: 39/17/44 en%. (Significantly different from the values of non-obese (P = 0.007) and of the Dutch food guidelines values (P = 0.008)). Non-obese women showed a food intake distribution of 38 en% (0-7.5 kJ/g), 49 en% (7.5-15 kJ/g), 13 en% (15-22.5 kJ/g), with a macronutrient composition of C/P/F: 46/17/37 en%. Energy intake per meal increased from 1.2 or 1.3 MJ to 4.1 or 4.5 MJ over a day.


CONCLUSIONS
In obese women food intake was adapted to extreme energy densities of the food and in non-obese women food intake was overadapted to extreme energy densities. Energy intake per meal increased during the day.
Westerterp-Plantenga
M S
MS
University of Limburg, Maastricht, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
Pasman
W J
WJ
Yedema
M J
MJ
Wijckmans-Duijsens
N E
NE
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*