title: A 45-year experience with surgical treatment of peptic ulcer disease in children.
abstract: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) requiring surgical treatment has become rare with the availability of modern medical management. A retrospective study of all patients who required operations for PUD between 1949 and 1994 (n = 43) was done. The patients were classified into 3 groups: A (n = 38): pre-histamine-2 (H2) blocker era (1949-1975); B (n = 3): pre-hydrogen-potassium (H-K+) ATPase inhibitor era (1976-1988); C (n = 2): H-K+ ATPase inhibitor era (1989-1994). Data, analyzed using X2 analysis (P < .01), included preoperative medical therapy, surgical indications, type of operation performed, complications, and postoperative medical therapy. The indication for surgery in group A was bleeding (26), perforation (8), or obstruction (4); in group B the indication was obstruction (2) or perforation (1); in group C the indication was obstruction (1) or bleeding (1). The incidence of obstruction as an indication for surgery did not differ among the groups (P < .01). Two of the three patients who had surgery for obstruction in groups B and C had biopsy-proven Helicobacter pylori. The postoperative morbidity rate was lower for groups B and C, although not significantly. The relative mortality among the groups did not change (P > .01). Children with PUD can have complications similar to those of adults with PUD. Since the introduction of H2 antagonists, the recognition and treatment of H pylori, and the use of H-K+ ATPase inhibition, the incidence of operations for bleeding and perforation has decreased dramatically. However, the incidence of surgery for obstruction remains the same.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Azarow
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shandling
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ein
mesh_terms: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D017219:Gastric Outlet Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D009864:Ontario; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors