title: Optimizing sodium balance in hemodialysis.
abstract: this paper develops and tests a mathematical model for Na+ kinetics applied to standard hemodialysis. The volume of distribution of exchangeable Na+, dialyzer surface area, blood and dialysis fluid flow rate, target weight loss, treatment duration and the Na+ diffusibility constant are taken into account. The model is used to compute the optimal hour by hour dialysis fluid Na+ concentration required to achieve the prescribed end-dialysis natremia and maintain a constant end-dialysis body Na+ pool, while providing a nearly uniform removal of Na+ over dialysis. The model was preliminary tested on 10 consecutive dialyses in a single patient using special dialyzer which generates a part of ultrafiltrate uncontaminated by dialysate.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Service, USSL 27, Ciriè, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Sancipriano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Negro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Amateis
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calitri
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cantone
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Deabate
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Della Casa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fidelio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iacono
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Licata
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Susa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001835:Body Weight; D004058:Diffusion; D005260:Female; D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D012964:Sodium