title: Amphetamine-induced changes in nigrostriatal terminal excitability are modified following repeated amphetamine pretreatment.
abstract: To investigate neural mechanisms associated with behavioral sensitization to amphetamine, we studied the effect of an intrastriatal infusion of amphetamine on nigrostriatal axon terminal electrical excitability in rats following withdrawal from repeated systemic treatment. Rats were injected with amphetamine 2.5 mg/kg s.c. or saline daily for 4 days. Either 24 h or 14 days after the last injection, extracellular recordings were obtained from dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, in a blind design in which the experimenter did not know the pretreatment regime. In order to assess the electrical excitability of the nigrostriatal axonal field, neurons were activated antidromically by stimulating their terminal fields in the striatum. As previously reported, striatal infusion of amphetamine (1 microM/0.3 microliter) in control animals resulted in a significant reduction in excitability as indicated by an increase in striatal stimulus current necessary to evoke antidromic activity. In contrast, intrastriatal amphetamine administration to amphetamine-pretreated animals did not decrease excitability. Spontaneous firing rates and patterns of cell discharge did not differ between saline- and amphetamine-treated animals. The chronic amphetamine-induced change in the effect of an acute intrastriatal amphetamine infusion on nigrostriatal terminal excitability may be due to enduring alterations in the amphetamine-induced release of dopamine and other striatal neurotransmitters or to changes in the sensitivity of presynaptic hetero- and/or autoreceptors on the dopaminergic axons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0603, USA. mgarciam@alex.ucsd.edu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia-Munoz
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Segal
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patino
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuczenski
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Groves
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D000661:Amphetamine