title: [Giant cell arteritis and normal sedimentation rate: more than an exception!].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic segmental vasculitis of unknown etiology, typically affecting elderly patients. Elevated erythrocyte-sedimentation rate (ESR) is usually found in such patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty three patients underwent temporal artery biopsy in our institution between 1977 and 1995. Among them, 66 (53.7%) biopsies were positive (i.e. histologic findings were very suggestive of GCA). The clinical charts from all patients with positive biopsies were retrieved and 47 were eligible for our study (inadequate data in 19 cases).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven of the 47 patients with positive biopsies (15%) had a normal ESR and 70% (33/47 cases) had neuro-ophthalmic complications including anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, central retinal artery occlusion, choroidal ischemia and extraocular muscle and/or cranial nerve palsy (III, IV, VI). No differences were found between the groups with normal or elevated ESR as 87.5% (6/7 cases) of the group with normal ESR exhibited neuro-ophthalmic complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESR was normal in 15% of our GCA patients and these patients had the same frequency of neuro-ophthalmic complications as the GCA patients with elevated ESR. Thus, our study does not support the previous concept that patients with higher ESR are more at risk for neuro-ophthalmic complications. GCA with normal ESR is not rare and such patients should be investigated with other blood studies (C-reactive protein) and with fluorescein angiography.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Ophtalmique Jules Gonin, Lausanne.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: von Blotzeim
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Borruat
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005123:Eye / Q000098:blood supply; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D013700:Giant Cell Arteritis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013699:Temporal Arteries / Q000473:pathology
vernacular_title: Artérite á cellules géantes et vitesse de sédimentation normale: plus qu'une exception!