title: Interleukins-6 and -8 levels in sera and cervical mucus of fertile, idiopathic infertile, and immunoinfertile women: implication in infertility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of interleukin-6 and -8 (IL-6 and IL-8) in sera and cervical mucus of infertile (idiopathic and immunoinfertile) women and to compare the levels with those in age-matched normally cycling fertile women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were measured in the sera and cervical mucus of fertile and infertile women by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A non-parametric Mann-Whitney test was used to evaluate significance between the means. Linear regression analysis of IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations in serum versus cervical mucus and with antisperm antibody titers was performed by condition as well as all groups together. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both IL-6 and IL-8 were detected in sera and cervical mucus of fertile as well as infertile groups. Although serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly different between fertile and infertile groups, the differences were more pronounced in the cervical mucus samples. Cervical mucus of idiopathic and immunoinfertile women demonstrated significantly (P = 0.002 to < 0.0001) greater concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 compared to fertile controls. In general, there was no significant correlation between the serum and cervical mucus IL-6 and IL-8 levels, whether analyzed by condition or all groups together.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in cervical mucus of infertile groups may play a role in etiology of idiopathic and immunologic infertility. These findings suggest that the measurements of cytokines (especially IL-6 and IL-8) in cervical mucus may provide a tool for specific diagnosis and possibly treatment of infertility, especially idiopathic infertility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Naz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Butler
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D002582:Cervix Mucus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8