title: Transformation of cardiac endothelium into cushion mesenchyme is dependent on ES/130: temporal, spatial, and functional studies in the early chick embryo.
abstract: ES/130 is a novel 130-kDa protein that has been linked previously to the transformation of endocardial endothelium into cushion mesenchyme. In the present study we report the localization of protein and mRNA for ES/130 in stages 7-plus through 20 chick embryos and present functional data related to a potential mechanism for ES/130. The temporal and spatial regulation of ES/130 expression suggests that this epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation is a result of homogenetic induction. Functional studies indicate that myocardially derived ES/130 elicits expression of this protein by target AV endothelial cells, which is linked to a signal transduction cascade. The localization of ES/130 to other sites of inductive interactions (e.g., limb bud ectoderm, gut, and notochord) implies that this protein may have a more widespread importance to embryogenesis beyond its involvement in cardiac cushion tissue formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Krug
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezaee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isokawa
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Litke
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wunsch
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bain
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Capehart
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Markwald
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004627:Embryonic Induction; D004727:Endothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009024:Morphogenesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; C081857:ES-130 protein, Gallus gallus; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger