title: Neuroprotective effect of YM90K, a novel AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, in focal cerebral ischemia in cats.
abstract: We studied the effect of a novel alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA)/kainate antagonist, YM90K [6-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-7-nitro-2, 3(1H, 4H)-quinoxalinedione monohydrochloride], in a focal cerebral ischemia model using anesthetized cats. Cats were subjected to permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) for 6 h, then killed and examined histologically. The amount of ischemic damage was assessed in 12 stereotaxic coronal sections. Treatment with YM90K (i.v. infusion of 0.5 mg/5 ml/kg/h) starting 10 min after MCA occlusion markedly reduced the volume of ischemic damage (from 2823 +/- 164 mm3 of the cerebral hemisphere in saline-treated cats to 1737 +/- 305 mm3 in YM90K-treated cats). No essential differences were observed between YM90K-and saline-treated cats concerning physiological variables or brain temperature. These results further support the notion that the AMPA/kainate receptor plays an important role in the pathogenesis of focal cerebral ischemia. This evidence for the neuroprotective efficacy of YM90K in a gyrencephalic species suggests its therapeutic potential in the treatment of human stroke.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience and Gastrointestinal Research Laboratories, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yatsugi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawasaki-Yatsugi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koshiya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Uematsu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu-Sasamata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001831:Body Temperature; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D002415:Cats; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D011810:Quinoxalines; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors; C086162:6-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-7-nitro-2,3(1H,4H)-quinoxalinedione