title: Structure of the human apolipoprotein C-II gene promoter.
abstract: To localize transcriptional active cis elements and to study the effect of a single base transition at -86 derived from a patient (PS) with an inherited severe form of hypertriglyceridemia a reporter gene transfection assay with apo C-II promoter fragments was performed. Sequences from -170 to -140, -140 to -59 and -59 to -39 were transcriptional active. The A to G transition at -86 reduced promoter activity to 25% (pC2PS-13). A nuclear protein bound sequence specific to a DNA fragment from -102 to -70, but disappeared when the point mutation at -86 was introduced. We found that one of these cis elements enhances promoter activity as a response of cAMP elevation. Apo CII mRNA level increases after incubation of HepG2 cells with 10 microM forskolin within 2 hours as measured by northern blot analyses. Incubation of transfected cells (pC2W) with forskolin [10 microM] or a cAMP analogue resulted in an 6-fold increase of luciferase activity within 6 hours and a subsequent decrease. The results suggest that several positive acting elements are located between -170 and -36 and that one of them may be responsible for promoter activation by cAMP. The reduction of promoter activity by the point mutation may be a consequence of impaired protein-DNA interaction.
authors.affiliation: Klinik II und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Streicher
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Avci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Munck
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Siemeister
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geisel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weisshaar
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Müller-Wieland
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Krone
mesh_terms: D053304:Apolipoprotein C-II; D001056:Apolipoproteins C / Q000235:genetics*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006953:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV / Q000235:genetics*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D053304:Apolipoprotein C-II; D001056:Apolipoproteins C