title: Doppler evaluation of patients with constrictive pericarditis: use of tricuspid regurgitation velocity curves to determine enhanced ventricular interaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to examine the value of analyzing Doppler echocardiographically derived tricuspid regurgitation signals during respiration in relation to the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  A physiologic hallmark of constrictive pericarditis is enhanced ventricular interdependence, which produces reciprocal changes in right and left ventricular filling and ejection dynamics during the respiratory cycle. It was hypothesized that these changes could be detected noninvasively by analyzing Doppler echocardiographically derived tricuspid regurgitation signals and that this information could assist in noninvasively diagnosing constrictive pericarditis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Simultaneous Doppler echocardiography and catheterization studies of the right and left sides of the heart with high fidelity pressure manometers were performed in 5 patients with surgically confirmed constrictive pericarditis and 12 patients (control subjects) with heart failure due to other causes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Changes observed in tricuspid regurgitation Doppler echocardiographic variables from onset to peak inspiration in patients with constrictive pericarditis were significantly different from those in control subjects. Mean (+/- SD) percent change in maximal tricuspid regurgitation velocity was 13% +/- 6% and -8% +/- 7% in the constrictive pericarditis and control groups, respectively (p < 0.0001); mean percent change in tricuspid regurgitation signal duration was 18% +/- 2% and -2% +/- 7%, respectively (p < 0.0001); mean percent change in tricuspid regurgitation time velocity integral was 27% +/- 15% and -10% +/- 12%, respectively (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Respiratory changes in Doppler echocardiographically derived tricuspid regurgitation peak velocity and velocity duration are increased in patients with constrictive pericarditis and may be helpful in diagnosing this condition noninvasively.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klodas
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Appleton
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Redfield
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010494:Pericarditis, Constrictive / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016276:Ventricular Function