title: Conceptual reasoning as a mediator of verbal recall in patients with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: A number of intercorrelated factors, including level of neurologic impairment, age, and conceptual reasoning, appear to be related to memory performance among patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to 131 patients with MS ranging in age from 19 to 76 years, with a mean symptom duration of 12.3 years and an overall mild level of MS-related neurologic impairment. Regression analyses indicated that neurologic impairment and age each contributed uniquely to the prediction of delayed free recall of a word list. Furthermore, when the effect of conceptual reasoning was accounted for, neither neurologic impairment nor age were significantly related to recall. Thus, a mediated relation was confirmed, supporting the idea that a significant portion of neurologic-impairment-related and age-related differences in recall are due to differences in conceptual reasoning that are important for optimal performance on tests of recall. Additional analyses failed to support a similar mediated relation using recognition rather than recall as the measure of memory performance.
authors.affiliation: Camp Hill Medical Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Troyer
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Fisk
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Archibald
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Ritvo
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D003210:Concept Formation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011340:Problem Solving / Q000502:physiology*; D012153:Retention, Psychology / Q000502:physiology; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology