title: Torulopsis glabrata spinal osteomyelitis involving two contiguous vertebrae. A case report.
abstract: METHODS
  A case report and literature review of the five previous case reports.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To outline the features of Torulopsis glabrata spinal osteomyelitis, including its risk factors, diagnosis, and recommended treatments.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Fungal infections in general and Torulopsis glabrata in particular are becoming increasingly prevalent. Involvement of the spine will likely be more common in the future.
  
  
  METHODS
  The literature was exhaustively reviewed and the five previous reported cases of Torulopsis glabrata identified and evaluated. This case report is analyzed in the context of the previous five cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients responded to treatment, which varied from medical alone to medical with operative debridement and spinal fusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Various risk factors that predisposed patients to Torulopsis glabrata osteomyelitis were present in all known cases. Diagnosis should rely on examination, history, and radiographic and laboratory evaluations. Medical therapy should be the initial treatment in most cases; however, operative intervention may be needed in patients who do not respond appropriately.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Curran
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Lenke
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002175:Candida; D002177:Candidiasis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery