title: Changes in heritability across increasing levels of behavior problems in young twins.
abstract: The present study addresses the issue of differential heritability with increasing severity of parent-reported internalizing and externalizing behavior problems assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist. The sample includes 526 identical and 389 fraternal same-sexed twin pairs from five national birth cohorts, aged 5-6, 8-9, and 12-15 years. Heritability (h2), common environment (c2), and changes in these parameters as a function of proband score were analyzed by multiple regression models (Cherny et al., 1992). Internalizing and externalizing behavior showed significant heritability. A small increment in h2 and a reduction of c2 with increasing severity of externalizing behavior were independent of sex and age. For internalizing behavior h2 increased and c2 declined with increasing severity for the 5-6 and 8-9 year olds. Logarithmic transformation of scores lowered h2 and increased c2, particularly for externalizing behavior. The changes in heritability with severity were nonsignificant for the transformed variables.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gjone
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sundet
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Eilertsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010641:Phenotype; D012931:Social Environment; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology