title: Effects of partially hydrogenated fish oil, partially hydrogenated soybean oil and butter on the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to oxidative modification in men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of partially hydrogenated fish oil (PHFO-diet), partially hydrogenated soybean oil (PHSO-diet) and butterfat (butter-diet) on the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein (LDL) to in vitro oxidative modification.
  
  
  METHODS
  A strictly controlled, randomized, single-blind dietary study with cross-over design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three healthy men aged from 21 to 46 years entered the study; 29 men completed the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fat provided approximately 35% of the energy intake in all three test diets, and the content of trans-fatty acids was 8.0, 8.5 and 0.9% of energy in the PHFO-, PHSO- and butter-diets, respectively. The subjects consumed all three test diets each during three weeks, in a single-blind, random order. LDL isolated from the participants given the three different diets was subjected to Cu(2+)-induced oxidation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were seen on either conjugated dienes, lipid peroxides, uptake by macrophages or relative electrophoretic mobility of LDL. Vitamin E level in serum from subjects on the PHFO-diet was significantly higher compared to the two other diets. Furthermore, no significant differences were found in the composition of the LDL particle between the three diet groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that consumption of trans-fatty acids does not alter the susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Nutrition Research, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Halvorsen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Almendingen
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nenseter
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Christiansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002079:Butter; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006865:Hydrogenation; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005395:Fish Oils; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014810:Vitamin E; D003300:Copper; D013024:Soybean Oil; D002079:Butter