title: Newly identified stress-responsive protein kinases, Krs-1 and Krs-2.
abstract: The activation of protein kinases is a frequent response of cells to treatment with growth factors, chemicals, heat shock, or apoptosis-inducing agents. However, when several agents result in the activation of the same enzymes, it is unclear how specific biological responses are generated. We describe here two protein kinases that are activated by a subset of stress conditions or apoptotic agents but are not activated by commonly used mitogenic stimuli. Purification and cloning demonstrate that these protein kinases are members of a subfamily of kinases related to Ste20p, a serine/threonine kinase that functions early in a pheromone responsive signal transduction cascade in yeast. The specificity of Krs-1 and Krs-2 activation and their similarity to Ste20p suggest that they may function at an early step in phosphorylation events that are specific responses to some forms of chemical stress or extreme heat shock.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Erikson
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D000090742:Serine-Threonine Kinase 3; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012984:Software; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014162:Transfection; D000099317:Hippo Kinases
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000090742:Serine-Threonine Kinase 3; C490660:Stk4 protein, mouse; D000099317:Hippo Kinases; C095566:STK4 protein, human; C097835:STK3 protein, human; C490818:Stk3 protein, mouse; C078754:STE20 protein, S cerevisiae