Neuropathogenesis of AIDS.
Neurological disease directly attributable to HIV-1 infection (HIV dementia) is one of the most frequent disorders in persons with AIDS. HIV-1 dementia is associated with neuronal loss, but occurs in the absence of direct viral infection of neurons, suggesting that neurological damage occurs by an indirect mechanism. Recent studies have identified a number of candidate HIV-1 neurotoxins that may cause neuronal damage through common pathways involving the induction of oxidative stress and excitotoxicity. These findings suggest new therapeutic approaches to the prevention and treatment of HIV-1-induced neurological disease.
Dewhurst
S
S
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642, USA. DWRT@bphvax.biophysics.rochester.edu
Gelbard
H A
HA
Fine
S M
SM
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D003704:Dementia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D005544:Forecasting; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress
D009498:Neurotoxins; D018698:Glutamic Acid