title: Small-vessel radiography in situ with monochromatic synchrotron radiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the usefulness of a radiographic system with monochromatic synchrotron radiation to depict small vessels and peripheral secretory ducts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiography of various organs was tested in 14 anesthetized dogs and pancreatography was performed in an excised human pancreas by using the following system: monochromatic synchrotron radiation with an energy level just above the k absorption edge of iodine as an x-ray source and a high-definition TV system with a high-light-sensitivity image pick-up tube camera coupled with a fluorescent screen as a detector.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This system allowed depiction of small vessels (diameter < 50-100 microns) of the heart (penetrating transmural artery), brain (perforating arteries that arise directly in the circle of Willis), and intestinal organs (vasa recta and their submucosal communications) and of small branches (down to the fifth order) of the pancreatic duct.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The synchrotron radiation system may be useful for evaluating microcirculatory disorders and early-stage malignant tumors in various human organs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hyodo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uddin-Mohammed
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamakawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shinozaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Handa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umetani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanioka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hosaka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007479:Iopamidol; D010179:Pancreas / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017356:Synchrotrons; D013679:Technology, Radiologic / Q000295:instrumentation; D013690:Television / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007479:Iopamidol