title: The fate of the defunctioned bladder following supravesical urinary diversion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the nature, incidence and severity of bladder complications after supravesical urinary diversion without cystectomy and to identify preventative risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of the last 25 years identified 35 patients who had supravesical urinary diversion without concomitant cystectomy (33 ileal loop diversions and two cutaneous ureterostomies). Urinary diversion was performed for a variety of lower urinary tract pathologies. Patients with urinary tract neoplasia were excluded. There were 15 males (mean age 41 years, range 13-72) and 20 females (mean age 49 years, range 15-81) with a mean follow-up of 5.2 years (range 1-25).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were bladder complications in 10 patients (28%) including pyocystis (one mild and two severe), haemorrhage (two mild and one severe) and pain/spasm (four mild and three severe). Patients with interstitial cystitis, bladder outflow obstruction and/or a vesical fistula appeared to have a higher risk of complications. Four patients required cystectomy to treat severe symptoms while the remaining six achieved control of symptoms with no surgery. No patient developed carcinoma during the follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We recommend that cystectomy is considered at the time of supravesical urinary diversion, particularly in patients with interstitial cystitis, bladder outflow obstruction or a chronically infected bladder and especially in those with a vesical fistula.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Meath Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Adeyoju
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thornhill
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grainger
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Butler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000009:adverse effects*