title: Functional and cytologic features of the contralateral testis in cryptorchidism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the testicular cytologic pictures in cryptorchild and contralateral testis related to seminal pattern.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Andrological and urologic academic setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred nine patients orchidopexied because of unilateral cryptorchidism compared with 35 normospermic subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bilateral testicular fine-needle aspiration cytology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seminal parameters; testicular cytologic features; plasma levels of FSH, LH, and T; and ultrasound testicular examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cytologic analysis revealed an important quantitative and qualitative impairment of spermatogenic line in all the excryptorchid testes. These alterations are present in the contralateral testes only when azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia were observed, whereas in moderate oligozoospermic subjects a normal tubular status was evident. A compensatory activity in normally descended testis of normozoospermic patients was present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In unilateral cryptorchidism, a frequent testicular damage in the orchidopexied and in the contralateral descended testis suggests that this condition is the end point of different pathological conditions, including testicular intrinsic (congenital) and extrinsic (anatomical) causes. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of both testes represents a tool in the assessment of the tubular status in excryptorchid subjects.
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Foresta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferlin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garolla
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Milani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oliva
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossato
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone