title: Immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia following bone marrow transplantation.
abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia is a well-recognized complication of bone marrow transplantation with a high mortality rate. We describe two patients who developed RSV pneumonia within the first 3 weeks following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. These patients had significant oxygen requirements and radiographic infiltrates. Both were treated with aerosolized ribavirin and given a single 1.5 gm/kg dose of intravenous immune globulin containing high levels of RSV neutralizing activity (RSV-IG). Both patients showed subjective and objective improvement after RSV-IG, never required mechanical ventilation, and were discharged without an oxygen requirement within 2 weeks after therapy. RSV microneutralization activity was measured in serum and nasal secretions. Mean serum microneutralization activity increased from 2279 microneutralization units (Mu)/ml to 18082 Mu/ml after RSV-IG. Peak serum microneutralization activity achieved with RSV-IG was higher than that achieved in a series of other immunocompromised adults with RSV pneumonia given either multiple doses of standard IVIG or no immune globulin therapy. RSV-IG may be beneficial in the treatment of RSV pneumonia in severely immunocompromised patients.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: De Vincenzo
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leombruno
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Soiffer
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Siber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000628:therapy*; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D012254:Ribavirin