title: Anxiolytic-like effect of combined extracts of Zingiber officinale and Ginkgo biloba in the elevated plus-maze.
abstract: The effects of the known anxiolytic compound diazepam (DZ) on the behavior of rats in the elevated plus-maze were compared with those of zingicomb (ZC) (registered trademark of Mattern et Partner), a combination preparation of standardized extracts of Ginkgo biloba and Zingiber officinale. DZ was administered intraperitoneally (IP) in a reference dosage of 1 mg/kg 30 min before the rats were tested on the elevated plus-maze for 5 min. The treatment with DZ elevated the time spent on the open arms and excursions into the end of the open arms, increased scanning over the edge of an open arm, and decreased risk-assessment from an enclosed arm. ZC was administered intragastrically (IG) in four doses ranging between 0.5 and 100 mg/kg 60 min prior to plus-maze testing. The treatment with 0.5 mg/kg ZC elevated the time spent on the open arms and excursions into the end of the open arms; at the high dosage of 100 mg/kg, ZC led to fewer excursions to and less scanning of the open arms. Injection of 1 or 10 mg/kg ZC had no significant effect on the behavior in the maze. These data provide evidence that ZC has anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus-maze comparable to those of DZ, but that in high dosage the phytopharmacon may also have anxiogenic properties. The anxiolytic-like effects of ZC are discussed with regard to the known antiserotonergic action of ginger and Ginkgo biloba.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiological Psychology I, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: R U
authors.initials: RU
authors.lastname: Hasenöhrl
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Nichau
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Frisch
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: De Souza Silva
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Huston
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mattern
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Häcker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003975:Diazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010936:Plant Extracts; D003975:Diazepam