title: Hemostatic methods for the management of spleen and liver injuries.
abstract: The spleen and liver are the most frequently injured organs during blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma. Emergency laparotomy is crucial for early control of bleeding and to prevent "secondary" injury as a result of physiologic splanchnic vasoconstriction and free oxygen radicals. Altogether 98 patients with spleen and liver injuries were treated over an 8-year period. Primary orthotopic spleen preservation could be achieved in 46 of 63 patients. In 58 patients with hepatic trauma, hemostatic treatment was chosen based on the severity of the injury. Nonoperative management was used for four splenic and seven hepatic trauma patients. The most commonly used techniques were fibrin sealing, suturing, and débridement for hepatic injury and mesh splenorrhaphy, fibrin glue, and partial resection with a TA stapler for splenic injury. The death of patients with complex injuries was mainly due to preclinical massive blood loss and multiple organ failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Surgical Clinic, Karl-Franzens University, Auenbruggerplatz 29, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uranüs
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Mischinger
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kronberger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rabl
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Werkgartner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steindorfer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kraft-Kirz
mesh_terms: D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D009926:Organ Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013154:Spleen / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D013156:Splenectomy; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*