title: Luteal support with both estradiol and progesterone after clomiphene citrate stimulation for in vitro fertilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if pregnancy rates (PRs) for clomiphene citrate (CC)-stimulated IVF-ET can be increased by luteal support with E2 and P.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized crossover clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Infertile women volunteers in an academic research environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three infertile women underwent a total of 143 IVF-ET cycle using CC for ovulation induction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each woman received either no luteal support (control group) or luteal support with both oral E2 (2 mg three times daily) starting on the day of retrieval and vaginal P suppositories (100 mg twice daily) starting on the day of ET.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical PR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 79 of 143 (55%) of the cycles, at least one embryo was transferred. Compared with the control group (n = 35 cycles), the luteal support group (n = 44 cycles) had a significantly higher PR per retrieval (control: 2% versus luteal support: 16%) and were older (control: 33 +/- 4 versus luteal support: 35 +/- 4 years; mean +/- SEM). They did not differ in terms of E2 or P levels, endometrial thickness on the day of hCG, number of follicles > 16 mm in diameter, mature oocytes retrieved, or embryos transferred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Luteal support with both E2 and P significantly increase the clinical PRs for CC-stimulated IVF-ET.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Hurd
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Randolph
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Christman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ansbacher
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Menge
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D002996:Clomiphene; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol