title: [Psychogenic spastic hand].
abstract: Twelve patients seen over a 8-year period with psychogenic spasms of the hand are reported. Six elderly patients presented with extrinsic flexion of the two or three medial fingers with sparing of the thumb and index. Six other patients had various hand attitudes following coincidental but not causal trauma to the upper extremity. Because of the differences in clinical presentation, age of patients and coincident trauma in some cases, the former patients were characterized as type I psychogenic spasms and the latter as type II. A major recurrent depression was the commonest psychiatric diagnosis (DSM-III-R, Axis I) with a concurrent dependent or borderline personality (DSM-III-R, Axis II). The diagnosis of psychogenic spasm of the hand is a diagnosis of exclusion, that requires a multidisciplinary approach including surgeon, neurologist, psychiatrist and rehabilitation therapist. Electromyographic studies are used to rule out a neurological or muscular etiology of the condition. Surgical treatment was uniformly unsuccessful and is probably contraindicated. Only one patient had a nearly complete spontaneous recovery.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Chirurgie de la Main, Hôpital Cantonal Universitaire, Genève, Suisse.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cuénod
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smaga
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Degive
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Della Santa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications; D003858:Dependency, Psychological; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006226:Hand Deformities / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications