title: Therapeutic drug monitoring in 21-day oral etoposide treatment for lung cancer.
abstract: We aimed to determine whether or not therapeutic drug monitoring is applicable to 21-day oral etoposide treatment for lung cancer. As the starting dose, a 25-mg capsule of etoposide was taken orally three times daily (75 mg/body). To achieve the target concentration range of 1.0 to 1.5 micrograms/ml, the dose was changed to two (50 mg/body) or four (100 mg/body) times a day from day 5, depending on the mean concentration obtained on days 3 and 4 (Cbefore). The mean concentration was calculated by use of a limited sampling model we constructed previously. Among 26 courses in 15 patients, two patients experienced grade 4 leukopenia plus neutropenia, and one of them died on day 20. Because nausea/emesis prevented the planned dose escalation in one patient, we excluded two courses of this patient from the pharmacokinetic analysis of dose modification. Among 5 courses with dose reduction, the Cbefore of 1.7 +/- 0.1 (microgram/ml, mean +/- SE) was decreased to 1.3 +/- 0.2 after day 5 (Cafter). Among 7 courses with dose escalation, the Cbefore of 0.9 +/- 0.0 was increased to the Cafter of 1.2 +/- 0.1. Among the remaining 12 courses without dose modification, the Cbefore and the Cafter were 1.2 +/- 0.0 and 1.3 +/- 0.1, respectively. Hematologic toxicities tended to correlate with the drug concentration. TDM is thus applicable to oral etoposide given according to this schedule, and a larger study is now needed to confirm that the therapeutic efficacy is improved by introducing TDM.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimokata
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide