title: Stereoselective interaction of uncharged esters at four muscarinic receptor subtypes.
abstract: We investigated the binding and pharmacological properties of the esters of 3,3-dimethylbutan-1-ol (the carbon analogue of choline) with either diphenylglycolic acid, (R)-phenylcyclohexylglycolic acid, or (S)-phenylcyclohexylglycolic acid [BS-6181, (R)-BS-7826 and (S)-BS-7826, respectively] at muscarinic M1, M2, M3 (Hm3) and M4 receptors. The three uncharged compounds were muscarinic receptor antagonists, with pA2 or pKi values between 7.9 and 5.6. The achiral ester BS-6181 displayed highest affinity for M1, M3 (Hm3) and M4 receptors (pA2 or pKi = 7.2-7.6) and lower affinity for M2 receptors (pA2 or pKi = 6.7 and 6.8). The four muscarinic receptor subtypes were able to distinguish between the two enantiomers of the cyclohexyl derivative of BS-6181 [(R)- and (S)-BS-7826], with a preference for the (R)-isomer (up to 79-fold). Interestingly, the (S)-enantiomer of BS-7826, being the distomer, was found to be M4 selective (pKi/M4 = 6.9; pA2 or pKi/M1-M3 (Hm3) = 5.6-6.2). These results indicate that uncharged compounds may (stereo)selectively bind to muscarinic receptors via hydrophobic interactions. Thus, an ionic bond between muscarinic ligands and an anionic site of the receptor is not absolutely necessary for recognition of muscarinic receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Medical School, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium. probbe@ulb.ac.be
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waelbroeck
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wehrle
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mutschler
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Tilburg
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Menge
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Timmerman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lambrecht
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004952:Esters / Q000378:metabolism; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic