title: Effects of individual vs group penning on the performance of weanling pigs.
abstract: Two experiments (five trials) were conducted to determine the effects of individual vs group penning on the performance of 4-wk-old crossbred barrows and gilts. In each experiment, half the pigs were tested in a group pen (four pigs) for two 7-d periods and individually for one 7-d period and the other pigs were fed individually for two periods and as a group for one period. In Exp. 1 (two trials, each with five replicates of eight pigs), individually penned pigs had physical and visual contact with pigs in the adjoining pens; in Exp. 2 (three trials, each with five replicates of eight pigs), such contact was denied. Growth rate, feed intake, and feed efficiency were determined at the end of each period. In addition, during Trial 3 of Exp. 2 blood samples were collected at the end of each period and plasma was assayed for cortisol and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations. Penning sequences produced inconsistent weight gains and feed intake. Differences in gain favored (P < .04) the individually penned pigs during Trial 3 of Exp. 2 and differences in feed intake favored the individually penned pigs during Trial 2 of Exp. 1 (P < .009) and during Trials 2 and 3 of Exp. 2 (P < .02 and P < .009, respectively). Penning treatment had no effect on feed efficiency, plasma cortisol, or T3 concentrations. These data suggest that pigs perform equally well whether fed and housed individually or in groups, with no indications of stress associated with individual pens and isolation.
authors.affiliation: Anim. Sci. Dept., University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bustamante
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Jesse
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Krause
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006799:Housing, Animal; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011156:Population Density; D011863:Radioimmunoassay / Q000662:veterinary; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary; D013552:Swine / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000523:psychology*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood; D014886:Weaning; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D006854:Hydrocortisone