title: The renaturable 69- and 63-kDa protein kinases that undergo rapid activation in chemoattractant-stimulated guinea pig neutrophils are p21-activated kinases.
abstract: Neutrophils stimulated with the chemoattractant fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP) are known to exhibit rapid activation of four protein kinases with molecular masses of approximately 69, approximately 63, approximately 49, and approximately 40-kDa. Activation of these kinases is blocked by antagonists of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and type 1 and/or type 2A protein phosphatases. These enzymes can be detected by their ability to undergo renaturation and catalyze the phosphorylation of a peptide substrate that corresponds to amino acid residues 297-331 of the 47-kDa subunit of the NADPH-oxidase complex fixed within a gel. In this report, we demonstrate that an antibody generated to a fusion protein containing amino acid residues 175-306 of p21-activated protein kinase 1 (Pak1) reacts with three proteins in guinea pig neutrophils with molecular masses in the 60-70-kDa range during Western blotting. This antibody immunoprecipitates both the 69- and 63-kDa renaturable kinases from lysates of stimulated cells along with a minor 60-kDa kinase. No activities were observed for any of these enzymes in immunoprecipitates from unstimulated neutrophils. However, addition of ATP and activated Rac 1 or Cdc42 to immunoprecipitates from unstimulated cells resulted in the stimulation of two renaturable kinases with molecular masses in the 69- and 63-kDa range. These immunoprecipitates also contained two novel protein kinases with masses of approximately49 and 40 kDa that were selectively activated by Cdc42. In contrast, the 69- and 63-kDa kinases were not immunoprecipitated from lysates of stimulated neutrophils with an antibody to Pak2 or with nonimmune serum. These data indicate that the renaturable 69- and 63-kDa kinases are Paks and reveal some of the upstream events that are necessary for the rapid activation of this family of protein kinases in neutrophils.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: U G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Knaus
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Bokoch
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Badwey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004793:Enzyme Reactivators; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000201:enzymology; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004793:Enzyme Reactivators; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D011494:Protein Kinases