title: Fludarabine monophosphate as salvage for refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of the purine analogue fludarabine monophosphate (FAMP) as salvage therapy in patients at Groote Schuur Hospital with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) refractory to standard therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-randomised trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care, referral academic hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven patients with B-lineage CLL, 4 in Rai stage IV and 1 each in stages A(I), A(II) and A(III), refractory to treatment with chlorambucil or cyclophosphamide, with or without whole-body irradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intravenous FAMP at a dose of 25 mg/m2 daily for 5 days every 28 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  Partial remission, complete remission, stable disease or progressive disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients entered CR and 4 PR after a median of 8 courses of treatment (range 2 - 12). One patient died of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after 3 courses of therapy. The most common adverse effect of the treatment was myelosuppression, with the nadir of neutrophil counts being less than 0.5 x 10(9)/1 in 5 patients. Three developed infections and required hospitalisation while on therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FAMP is effective as a cytoreductive agent in patients with CLL refractory to alkylating agents, with or without whole-body irradiation.
authors.affiliation: University of Cape Town Leukaemia Centre.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Pillay
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jacobs
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D012074:Remission Induction; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D013019:South Africa; D001084:Vidarabine Phosphate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D001084:Vidarabine Phosphate; C042382:fludarabine phosphate