title: Healing of tooth extraction sockets in experimental diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to examine the healing of molar tooth extraction sockets in the streptozotocin-treated, diabetic rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was induced in a group of mature Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting streptozotocin. Control animals were injected with citrate buffer only. A third group of rats were also injected with streptozotocin, but the diabetes was controlled by daily injections of insulin. After 2 weeks, all of the rats underwent extraction of the right maxillary molar teeth under general anesthesia. The rats were killed at varying intervals and the maxilla and calvaria recovered in continuity. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), the latter to identify diabetic microangiopathy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 10 days after tooth extraction in the control and insulin-streptozotocin-treated rats, thick collagen fibers formed a pretrabecular scaffold that dictated the direction of the forming trabeculae. The collagen fibers in the diabetic socket were thin and scanty, and formed a narrow layer in the apical part. There was no evidence of diabetic microangiopathy in the extraction sockets of diabetic, insulin-treated diabetic, or normal rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These histologic observations suggest that in uncontrolled, insulin-dependent diabetes, the formation of the collagenous framework in the tooth extraction socket is inhibited, resulting in delayed healing and increased alveolar destruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine and Surgery, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, England.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Devlin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Garland
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sloan
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004368:Dry Socket / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013311:Streptozocin; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D013311:Streptozocin; D003094:Collagen