title: Fusaproliferin production by Fusarium subglutinans and its toxicity to Artemia salina, SF-9 insect cells, and IARC/LCL 171 human B lymphocytes.
abstract: Fusarium subglutinans is an important pathogen of maize and other commodities worldwide. We examined MRC-115 and 71 other F. subglutinans strains from various geographic areas for their ability to synthesize fusaproliferin, a novel toxic sesterterpene recently isolated from F. proliferatum. Fusaproliferin production ranged from 30 to 1,500 micrograms/g of dried ground substrate, with 33 strains producing more than 500 micrograms/g. In particular, strain MRC-115 produced as much as 1,100 to 1,300 micrograms/g. In toxicity studies of two invertebrate models, fusaproliferin was toxic to Artemia salina (50% lethal dose, 53.4 microM) and to the lepidopteran cell line SF-9 (50% cytotoxic concentration, approximately 70 microM, after a 48-h exposure). Fusaproliferin was also toxic to the human nonneoplastic B-lymphocyte cell line IARC/LCL 171 (50% cytotoxic concentration, approximately 55 microM in culture in stationary phase after a 48-h exposure). Experiments performed will cells exposed at seeding suggested a possible cytostatic effect at subtoxic concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parassiti Vegetali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Logrieco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fornelli
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fogliano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ritieni
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Caiaffa
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Randazzo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bottalico
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Macchia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005670:Fusarium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018411:Spodoptera; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins; D013729:Terpenes; C093577:fusaproliferin