title: Endogenous steroid metabolism is indicated by fluctuations of endogenous steroid and steroid glucuronide levels in early development of the steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
abstract: Concentrations of endogenous steroids and their glucuronide conjugates fluctuated during early development in steelhead trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Whole body content of sex steroids and steroid glucuronides of both bisexual and gynogenetic (all female) steelhead trout were quantified by radioimmunoassay. Concentrations of 17beta-estradiol (E2) and cortisol increased 2-4 days before hatch. Two days after hatch, 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) increased in concentrations in both gynogenetic and bisexual populations, and 11KT glucuronide concentrations increased in the gynogenetic population. Testosterone (T) and E2 concentrations were at their lowest at 39 days postfertilization (dpf) for T and 39 and 61 dpf for E2. Changes in levels of steroid glucuronides were not consistently parallel to free steroids through time. T-, E2-, and 17alpha, 20beta dihydroxyprogesterone glucuronides declined slower than their free forms. Based on fluctuating concentrations of all steroid glucuronides, both populations of fish demonstrated an ability to form glucuronide conjugates of all steroids at the embryonic stage. The changes in levels of both free steroids and their glucuronides during early development of the trout indicate that steroid metabolism is active during development. This study also implicates steroid metabolism as an integral part of embryonic and postembryonic development.
authors.affiliation: Oregon Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA.
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Yeoh
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Schreck
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Feist
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
mesh_terms: D000523:Algestone / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000378:metabolism; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013256:Steroids / Q000378:metabolism*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D005965:Glucuronates; D013256:Steroids; D000523:Algestone; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; C003600:11-ketotestosterone; D006854:Hydrocortisone