title: The relationship between glutamate release and cerebral blood flow after focal cerebral ischaemia in the cat: effect of pretreatment with enadoline (a kappa receptor agonist).
abstract: The effect of the kappa-opioid agonist enadoline (CI-977) upon the relationship between cerebral blood flow and glutamate release was simultaneously assessed (using microdialysis and hydrogen clearance techniques respectively) at the same anatomical locus in the cerebral cortex (suprasylvian gyrus) after permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in halothane-anaesthetised cats. During controlled graded ischaemia, pretreatment with enadoline (0.3 mg/kg i.v. followed by continuous infusion at 0.15 mg/kg/h), initiated 30 min prior to MCA occlusion, significantly attenuated the marked increases in extracellular glutamate, aspartate and GABA observed in the focal ischaemic penumbra. The present data are consistent with the hypothesis that the neuroprotective efficacy of enadoline in focal cerebral ischaemia is due to inhibition of glutamate release in the ischaemic penumbra.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Surgical Institute, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: MacKay
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Galbraith
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Woodruff
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McCulloch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002415:Cats; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D017551:Microdialysis; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000819:agonists*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D001572:Benzofurans; D001786:Blood Glucose; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D014443:Tyrosine; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; C067110:enadoline