Systematic literature review: outcome measures for child and adolescent mental health services.
BACKGROUND
Outcome measurement is an important component of health care service evaluation. The aim of this paper is to review child and adolescent mental health outcome measures and identify outcome measurement tools for use in routine clinical practice.


METHODS
A systematic literature review was undertaken, using Medline and Psych Info and supplemented by correspondence with relevant institutions and authorities in the field. The review identifies potential specific outcome measurement tools. These tools are evaluated using the scientific criteria of validity and reliability, responsiveness to change, and appropriateness of each tool's format for use in routine clinical practice.


RESULTS
Three broad categories of outcome are identified: population outcomes, specific outcome and performance indicators. Nineteen specific outcome measurement tools are short-listed and compared in detail. No single tool is suitable for use as a comprehensive outcome measurement tool in routine clinical practice.


CONCLUSIONS
A combination of some of the tools short-listed will cover all the necessary outcome items. However, the increase in assessment time will reduce clinical usefulness. Further research is needed to modify or created appropriate outcome measurement tools for use in routine clinical practice.
Hunter
J
J
Kensington & Chelsea and Westminster Health Authority, London.
Higginson
I
I
Garralda
E
E
D000293:Adolescent; D016497:Adolescent Health Services / Q000592:standards*; D002648:Child; D002662:Child Health Services / Q000592:standards*; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000592:standards*; D009017:Morbidity; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results