title: Acute hemodynamic effects of recently developed monomer and dimer magnetic resonance imaging contrast media: a comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated and compared the acute cardiovascular effects of equiosmolar doses of recently developed nonionic monomer and macrocyclic dimer magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast media with the clinically available ionic and nonionic MR contrast media.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normotensive adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups of seven rats per group. Group 1 received the nonionic monomer Gd-CMPA-BMPA (500 mmol/l solution); group 2 received the nonionic dimer Gd(2)2(O)DO3A (500 mmol/l solution); group 3 also received Gd(2)2(O)DO3A but at a higher concentration (1,000 mmol/l solution); group 4 received gadopentetate dimeglumine (500 mmol/l solution); and group 5 received gadodiamide (500 mmol/l solution). Each rat received a rapid (1-2 sec) bolus intravenous injection of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mmol/kg of each contrast agent. Group 6 was used to test the peak effects of quiosmolar glucose solutions (500, 1,000, and 2,000 mOsm/kg water). Data were acquired at baseline, 20 sec (peak effect) after injection, and 1, 3, 5, and 10 min after injection. Peripheral (systolic, diastolic, and mean) pressure, central venous pressure, left ventricular (LV) pressure (peak systolic and end diastolic) pressure, first derivative of left ventricular pressure (+/-dP/dt), rate pressure product, and heart rate were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bolus administration (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mmol/kg) of Gd-CMPA-BMPA and gadodiamide (500 mmol/l) had no significant effects on the monitored cardiovascular parameters. Bolus injection of 0.25 and 0.5 mmol/kg Gd(2)2(O)DO3A (500 and 1,000 mmol/l) and gadopentetate dimeglumine (500 mmol/l) caused transient cardiovascular depression, including decreased peripheral blood pressure, LV systolic pressure, peak positive and negative dP/dt, and rate pressure product, but an increased LV end diastolic pressure. These cardiovascular effects were slightly less profound than those produced by gadopentetate dimeglumine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gd-CMPA-BMPA and gadodiamide have no adverse cardiovascular effects. Gd(2)2(O)DO3A and gadopentetate dimeglumine cause vasodilation and reduced cardiac performance. Therefore, presuming similar effects, if Gd(2)2(O)DO3A and gadopentetate dimeglumine are to be used at high doses for the MR quantification of blood volume or as a bolus for perfusion study, appropriate consideration should be given to possible adverse physiologic changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Geschwind
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Wendland
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Szolar
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Derugin
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Higgins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002496:Central Venous Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C062402:gadoteridol; D004369:Pentetic Acid; C064925:gadodiamide; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA