title: Interleukin-12 induces interferon-gamma expression and natural killer cytotoxicity in cord blood mononuclear cells.
abstract: Severe viral infection in newborns has been attributed to immaturity of the immune system including a defect in natural killer cytotoxicity (NKC) and decreased production of cytokines that are important for natural killer (NK) function. We investigated the induction of interferon (IFN)-gamma and activation of NK activity in adult and cord blood mononuclear cells (BMC) after IL-12 treatment. The levels of mRNA in these BMC were measured by Northern blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions using primers specific for IFN-gamma. The levels of IFN-gamma protein were measured by ELISA. In the absence of IL-12, only adult BMC spontaneously produced low levels of IFN-gamma. After IL-12 treatment, induction of IFN-gamma expression was detected as early as 4 h in both cord and adult BMC. Both cord and adult cells showed similar levels of IFN-gamma mRNA and protein expression in response to IL-12 at a concentration as low as 10 U/mL. In contrast, upon phorbol ester and ionomycin treatment, adult BMC produced more IFN-gamma mRNA than cord BMC. In a 51Cr release assay with human immunodeficiency-infected H9 cells as indicators, both cord and adult cells responded to IL-12 induction of NKC. Our findings demonstrate that cord BMC are capable of responding to IL-12 stimulation, competent in synthesizing IFN-gamma, and able to mount NKC. Thus, it appears that the deficiency in IFN-gamma production or NKC in cord cells is not due to an inherent defect in IL-12 response of the cord cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94110, USA.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sigaroudinia
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohl
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D017931:DNA Primers; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015759:Ionomycin; D007371:Interferon-gamma