title: Bifemelane hydrochloride enhances 'ischemic tolerance' phenomenon in gerbil hippocampal CA1 neurons.
abstract: Neurons are so vulnerable to ischemic insults that transient forebrain ischemia for 5 min killed most CA1 neurons in the gerbil hippocampus (surviving neurons: 4%). In contrast, 2 days after a nonlethal challenge of 2-min ischemia, 51% of CA1 neurons became resistant to subsequent, otherwise lethal ischemia for 5 min. Bifemelane hydrochloride (20 mg/kg, i.p.), which helps ischemic brain recover from oxidative stress and inhibition of protein synthesis, significantly enhanced the 'ischemic tolerance' phenomenon if injected 1 day after 2-min ischemia: 94% of neurons survived after 5-min ischemia. This finding carries implications for possible preventive treatment following warning signs of transient ischemic attack.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohtsuki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mabuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yanagihara
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005849:Gerbillinae; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; C031906:bifemelane