title: Hunger sensation in patients with compensated and and uncompensated type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetic patients (DP) refer increased hunger sensation (HS) when hyperglycemic but not yet ketogenic. As HS shows a within-day (ultradian cyclicity) and intra-day (circadian cyclicity) repetitivity, its recursive pattern was investigated in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), in compensated and uncompensated metabolic stage.
  
  
  METHODS
  HS was approached in its cyclic structure by means of spectral analysis (SA), and in its circadian rhythmicity by means of Single Cosinor analysis (SCA), applied to self-rated scores of HS given every 30 min to their HS (orexigram) by DP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exaggerated periprandial, interprandial, and/or nocturnal peaks of HS were seen in the orexigram of both the type I and type II DP. Specific alterations in HS periodogram were detected, structurally denoting a relative prevalence of the ultradian components along with the deamplification and loss of the circadian harmonics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase of HS (hyperorexia) in nonketotic DM may be formally attributed to a mechanism of frequency multiplication and amplitude demodulation in the multifrequency bioperiodic structure which physiologically regulates the recursive pattern to the daily HS in human beings.
authors.affiliation: Institute of II Medical Clinic, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cugini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fatati
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paggi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coaccioli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palazzi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puxeddu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose