title: Transforming growth factor beta 1 increases the synthesis and shedding of the melanoma-specific proteoglycan in human melanoma cells.
abstract: Melanoma cells produce a cell-specific proteoglycan, mel-PG, which is an integral chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan that can be released into the medium as a result of the proteolytic cleavage of the trans-membrane form. The effect of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) on proteoglycan production was studied in three melanoma cell lines at various stages of differentiation: SK-mel-1.36-1-5 (early), SK-mel-3.44 (intermediate), and SK-mel-23 (late). The main effect of TGF-beta 1 was to increase the synthesis and shedding of mel-PG into the medium without affecting the amount present in the cell membranes nor the balance between the proteoglycan and the glycoprotein forms of mel-PG. After TGF-beta 1 treatment, there was an increase in the amount of mel-PG present in the medium as observed in metabolic labeling, immunoprecipitation, and pulse-chase experiments. This effect was more pronounced in the SK-mel-1.36-1-5 than in the SK-mel-3.44 cell line, whereas the SK-mel-23 cells did not contain mel-PG either in the presence or in the absence of TGF-beta 1. Characterization of mel-PG purified from the medium from control and TGF-beta 1-treated cells showed that the factor increased slightly the GAG chain length in SK-mel-1.36-1-5 but not in SK-mel-3.44 cells, without modifying the degree of sulfation.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heredia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villena
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romarís
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molist
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bassols
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D011509:Proteoglycans; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta