title: Temperature-sensitive parainfluenza type 1 vaccine virus directly accesses the central nervous system by infecting olfactory neurons.
abstract: Immunohistochemical investigation showed that intranasal inoculation of mice with a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of parainfluenza type 1 vaccine virus resulted in infection of some olfactory neurons as well as respiratory epithelial cells. It also disclosed the presence of viral antigens in glomeruli of the olfactory bulb but not in the secondary neurons (mitral and tufted cells). Polymerase chain reaction demonstrated the persistence of virus-specific nucleic acids in the olfactory bulb. These observations lead to the conclusion that parainfluenza virus, even with a ts phenotype, gains access to the central nervous system by infecting olfactory neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Fukui Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakakuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000821:virology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009154:Mutation; D009474:Neurons / Q000821:virology*; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000821:virology; D009832:Olfactory Nerve / Q000821:virology*; D010222:Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D013696:Temperature; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000494:pharmacology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C079798:human parainfluenza virus type 1 nucleoprotein