Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents: a review of the past 10 years.
OBJECTIVE
To critically review the research on anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, focusing on new developments in the past 10 years.


METHODS
This review includes recent articles which contribute to the conceptualization, assessment, and treatment of childhood anxiety disorders.


RESULTS
Information was organized into a developmental framework. Anxiety disorders research has shown steady progress.


CONCLUSIONS
More research is needed, particularly in the areas of neurobiological basis of anxiety disorders, longitudinal studies, and treatment.
Bernstein
G A
GA
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Borchardt
C M
CM
Perwien
A R
AR
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D001010:Anxiety, Separation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis; D007223:Infant; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009155:Mutism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D009769:Object Attachment; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D002395:Catecholamines; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors