title: Intrathyroidal cytokine gene expression in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
abstract: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease in which cytokines are likely to have a role in the initiation and perpetuation of the disease. Using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) we analysed the cytokine profile in four HT tissue samples. Furthermore, cell fractionation was carried out on two tissue samples and cytokine profile was studied in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, in addition to the residual cellular infiltrate composed of CD4- and CD8- cells. Our results showed IL-1 beta, IL-4 and IL-6 mRNA expression in three out of four tissue samples, whereas IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were expressed in all tissue samples studied. Expression of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta was absent in both CD4+ and CD8+ subsets. However, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha mRNA were detected in both CD4+ and CD8+ subsets. IL-10 was expressed in the CD4+ subset in one sample, whereas it was negative in both CD8+ fractions. All the cytokines studied were expressed in the residual infiltrate. These results suggest a mixed Th1 and Th2 response in HT, both of which may have an important role in the pathophysiology of the thyroid destructive process through cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and/or humoral autoimmunity manifested by autoantibody production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Northern General Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ajjan
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: McIntosh
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Weetman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines