title: Geometric variables and bone mineral density as potential predictors for mechanical properties of the radius of Greyhounds.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine cross-sectional geometry and bone mineral density of the Greyhound radius and correlate these values with torsional failure load and torsional stiffness in an ex vivo model.
  
  
  METHODS
  3 regions, proximal, middle, and distal portions of the diaphysis, were studied. 5 levels of cross section were evaluated geometrically within each region.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 paired radiuses from skeletally mature Greyhounds.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cortical area and area moment of inertia were measured from plain radiographic views and from digitized computed tomographic images. Bone mineral density was measured, using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Torsional stiffness and torsional failure load were then determined mechanically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minimum area moment of inertia and area moment of inertia estimated from plain radiographic views were significantly different in different regions of interest (P < 0.05). Significant bivariate correlations (P < 0.05) between torsional mechanical parameters and bone properties of the radius were identified for the distal portion of the diaphysis in particular. When independent variables for the distal portion were analyzed, estimate of area moment of inertia was entered into the model for torsional failure load as a predictor and minimum area moment of inertia was entered into the model for torsional stiffness as a predictor. Bone mineral density of the distal portion of the diaphysis was not a significant predictor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If accurate noninvasive predictors of bone failure load can be identified, further study of fracture risk should be possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muir
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Markel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015519:Bone Density; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011884:Radius / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary; D014102:Torsion Abnormality