title: Anti-inflammatory activity of polyphosphazene-based naproxen slow-release systems.
abstract: A biocompatible and biodegradable polyphosphazene bearing phenylalanine ethyl ester, imidazole and chlorine (10.7:1:2.5 molar ratio) as substituents of the phosphorus atoms of the polymer backbone was studied for the preparation of polymeric naproxen slow-release systems. Discs 2.5 cm in diameter and 0.5 mm (thin) or 0.65 mm (thick), loaded, respectively, with 20 and 13.5% naproxen, showed different drug release kinetics, the thin matrices releasing naproxen at a faster rate and for a shorter time. In-vivo studies in rats demonstrated the pharmacological efficacy of these two different delivery systems in the inhibition of acute or chronic inflammatory diseases. Subcutaneous implantation of the thin matrices in rats was found to reduce carrageenan oedema induced both 1 h and 7 days after implantation. Rats implanted with thick matrices showed a reduction in chronic inflammation caused by adjuvant arthritis. Approximately 78% inhibition of arthritic oedema was found 28 days after subcutaneous administration of the matrices whereas 28.7% inhibition was found after daily oral administration of naproxen. Blood levels of naproxen in arthritic rats after matrix implantation showed the presence of drug up to day 28. These positive results have encouraged us to study a controlled-release system suitable for use in man.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Farmacologia, Universit-a di Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Conforti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lussignoli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grigolini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terzi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lora
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caliceti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marsilio
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Veronese
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D002351:Carrageenan; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004343:Drug Implants; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D008297:Male; D009288:Naproxen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011108:Polymers; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004343:Drug Implants; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011108:Polymers; D009288:Naproxen; D002351:Carrageenan; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant