title: A prospective, randomised study to compare goserelin acetate (Zoladex) versus cyproterone acetate (Cyprostat) versus a combination of the two in the treatment of metastatic prostatic carcinoma.
abstract: A prospective randomised study was performed to test the hypothesis that total androgen ablation, achieved by combining an LHRH analogue, goserelin acetate (Zoladex), with an antiandrogen, cyproterone acetate (Cyprostat), is more effective than conventional monotherapy in delaying the time to progression of metastatic prostatic cancer. 525 patients were recruited at 18 UK centres between May 1986 and January 1989, 175 patients being allocated to each arm. Patients were clinically and biochemically assessed at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after initiation of therapy and then every 6 months until a maximum duration of 48 months. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of median time to progression between the combination treatment arm and either monotherapy arm, although there was a statistically significant difference between goserelin acetate alone and cyproterone acetate alone, in favour of goserelin acetate (p = 0.016). All treatment regimens were well tolerated and cyproterone acetate reduced both tumour flare reactions and hot flushes in patients receiving goserelin acetate. It is concluded that total androgen ablation using cyproterone acetate (300 mg/day) and goserelin acetate (3.6 mg every 28 days) confers no advantage in terms of time to progression, to conventional monotherapy, but can reduce certain side effects caused by LHRH analogue treatment alone.
authors.affiliation: Schering Health Care Limited, Burgess Hill, West Sussex, UK.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Thorpe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azmatullah
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Fellows
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gingell
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: O'Boyle
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary*; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D017273:Goserelin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D017273:Goserelin; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate