title: Estrogen inhibits interleukin-6 production and gene expression in a human osteoblastic cell line with high levels of estrogen receptors.
abstract: Some studies suggest that estrogen acts on bone by decreasing the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a cytokine that increases bone resorption, by osteoblasts or bone marrow cells. However, other studies have not confirmed this, possibly because of a low and variable number of estrogen receptors (ER) in the model systems used. Thus, we employed a recently developed human fetal osteoblast cell line with high levels of ER. Treatment (n = 4 experiments) with 0.01 to 10 nM of 17 beta-estradiol had no effect on the constitutive production of IL-6. However, stimulated production, induced by treatment with IL-1 beta plus tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), was reduced in a dose-dependent manner to 74 +/- 3% (mean +/- SEM) of control (p < 0.01). This response was blocked by cotreatment with the type II antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Treatment with hydrocortisone (1 microM), a known inhibitor of IL-6 production in many cell types, reduced IL-6 production to 17 +/- 1% of control (p < 0.001). As assessed by Northern analysis, treatment (n = 3 experiments) with 0.01-10 nM of 17 beta-estradiol decreased steady-state levels of IL-6 mRNA in a dose-dependent manner. These data support the hypothesis that at least part of the antiresorptive action of estrogen in humans is mediated by decreased production of IL-6 by osteoblastic cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kassem
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Spelsberg
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Riggs
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D004958:Estradiol