title: Fish oil as an adjuvant in the treatment of hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on blood pressure control and lipid levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Veterans Affairs Medical Center teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one men whose blood pressure was not optimally controlled with antihypertensive agents, who met the inclusion criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized to receive either fish oil (4.5 g omega-3 fatty acids/day) or placebo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood pressure readings were taken at baseline, and 4 and 8 weeks. Sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly reduced in the fish oil group at both week 4 (148/97 to 132/90, p <0.05) and week 8 (148/97 to 134/91, p <0.05). Sitting diastolic blood pressure was significantly reduced in the placebo group at week 8 (94 to 88, p <0.05). There was no difference in percentage change of sitting systolic and diastolic pressures at week 8 comparing the placebo group (-6.4% and -6.3%, respectively) and the fish oil group (-8.8% and -6.6%, respectively). Triglyceride levels (-40.9%, p <0.05) and platelet counts (-8.7%, p <0.05) were significantly reduced at 4 weeks, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were significantly increased both at 4 and 8 weeks (13.5% and 19.1%, respectively) in the fish oil group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adjunctive fish oil supplementation did not substantially augment blood pressure lowering in treated hypertensive men with suboptimally controlled blood pressure. Effects on plasma lipid values were mixed, with an increase in LDL cholesterol and a decrease in plasma triglyceride levels.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Gozzip
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Eastham
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kashyap
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D002784:Cholesterol