title: The ColE1 unidirectional origin acts as a polar replication fork pausing site.
abstract: Co-orientation of replication origins is the most common organization found in nature for multimeric plasmids. Streptococcus pyogenes broad-host-range plasmid pSM19035 and Escherichia coli pPI21 are among the exceptions. pPI21, which is a derivative of pSM19035 and pBR322, has two long inverted repeats, each one containing a potentially active ColE1 unidirectional origin. Analysis of pPI21 replication intermediates (RIs) by two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy revealed the accumulation of a specific RI containing a single internal bubble. The data obtained demonstrated that initiation of DNA replication occurred at a single origin in pPI21. Progression of the replicating fork initiated at either of the two potential origins was transiently stalled at the other inversely oriented silent ColE1 origin of the plasmid. The accumulated RIs, containing an internal bubble, occurred as a series of stereoisomers with different numbers of knots in their replicated portion. These observations provide one of the first functional explanations for the disadvantage of head-to-head plasmid multimers with respect to head-to-tail ones.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Velázquez 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Viguera
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Krimer
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Boistov
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lurz
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Schvartzman
mesh_terms: D003086:Bacteriocin Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D004261:DNA Replication; D015247:Deoxyribonuclease HindIII / Q000378:metabolism; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / Q000378:metabolism; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004926:Escherichia coli; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D018741:Replication Origin; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes
chemical_list: D015247:Deoxyribonuclease HindIII; C053688:endodeoxyribonuclease AlwNI; C025630:CAGCTG-specific type II deoxyribonucleases; C024388:CTGCAG-specific type II deoxyribonucleases; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific