title: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in childhood among adults with major depression.
abstract: The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with childhood onset and its relationship to course and treatment outcome of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults was studied in 116 patients (ages 18-65) consecutively enrolled for treatment of MDD. Sixteen percent of the patient were found to meet full or subthreshold criteria for the DSM-III-R diagnosis of childhood ADHD. Twelve percent endorsed persistence of ADHD symptoms into adulthood. Depressed adults meeting criteria for childhood ADHD did not differ significantly from other depressed adults on any measures related to the chronicity or severity of the mood disorder, Axis I comorbidity, or response to acute antidepressant treatment. Our results are clinically important as they suggest that clinicians need to be aware of the possibility that a substantial proportion of patients with MDD may suffer from comorbid ADHD and that treatments need to include the targeting of possible residual ADHD symptoms in addition to those of depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Alpert
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maddocks
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nierenberg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pava
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Worthington
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biederman
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fava
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010553:Personality Development; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents