title: Osteogenesis by pulsing electromagnetic fields (PEMFs): optimum stimulation setting.
abstract: The optimum setting for electromagnetic stimulation was examined by histologically assessing the degree of osteogenesis at different settings of electromagnetic stimulation, and comparing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the bone marrow. For this experiment, an electromagnetic field generator manufactured by the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research was used. The intensity of the magnetic field was set at eight levels; 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 gauss (G). The frequencies used were 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 Hz. Pulse durations were 6, 12, 25, 50 and 100 micro sec. Significant ALP elevation and osteogenesis were observed at magnetic field intensities of 0.4, 1, and 2G. ALP activity did not differ between different frequencies. ALP activity at pulse durations of 25 and 50 micro sec were significantly higher than at the other pulse durations. The effect of electromagnetic stimulation on osteogenesis greatly depends on the intensity and pulse duration of the stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakou
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ijiri
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000201:enzymology*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase