title: Intrinsic and extrinsic neuromodulation of motor circuits.
abstract: Neuromodulation of motor circuits by extrinsic inputs provides enormous flexibility in the production of behavior. Recent work has shown that neurons intrinsic to central pattern-generating circuits can evoke neuromodulatory effects in addition to their neurotransmitting actions. Modulatory neurons often elicit a multitude of different effects attributable to actions at different receptors and/or through the release of co-transmitters. Differences in neuromodulation between species can account for differences in behavior. Modulation of neuromodulation may provide an additional level of flexibility to motor circuits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77225, USA. pkatz@nba19.med.uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology