title: Axial osteomalacia: report of a new case with selective increase in axial bone mineral density.
abstract: Axial osteomalacia was diagnosed in a 60-year-old white Caucasian male, on the basis of X-ray examination showing typical coarsened and sponge-like appearance of trabecular bone strictly located in the axial skeleton. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry demonstrated a marked increase in axial bone density at lumbar spine levels in both anteroposterior and lateral views (T score: +7.9 and +5.5, respectively), contrasting with normal values at femoral neck, trochanter and midfemoral diaphysis (T score: +0.6, +0.3, and +0.8, respectively). Histomorphometry of iliac crest showed marked thickening of cortices (1730 and 2763 microns, N = 967 +/- 57), increased trabecular bone volume (28.9%, N = 17.4 +/- 5.6), normal eroded surface (3.5%, N = 3.6 +/- 1.1), and increased osteoid surface and volume (31.6%, N = 15.3 +/- 9.4 and 5.8%, N = 2.8 +/- 1.8). Osteoid thickness was increased (39.6 microns, N = 10.5 +/- 1.8, up to 120 microns in one site) and mineral apposition rate was decreased in the trabecular sites (0.43 micron/day, N = 0.72 +/- 0.12, down to < 0.2 micron/day, focally). Bone fluoride content was not increased (0.08%, N < 0.10%). All biochemical parameters of bone metabolism, including serum osteocalcin, PTH, calcidiol, calcitriol, and renal tubular reabsorption of calcium or phosphate were normal.
authors.affiliation: WHO Collaborating Center for Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demiaux-Domenech
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bonjour
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rizzoli
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001706:Biopsy; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium / Q000473:pathology; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010018:Osteomalacia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers