title: Local and/or distant recurrences in T1-2/N0-1 non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: Data from a series of 181 patients subjected to long-term follow-up after surgical resection for non-small cell stage I and II lung cancer were analyzed to evaluate the statistical incidence and the prognostic factors of recurrence. The recurrence rate/year was particularly high in the first 2 years after surgery: the 2-year recurrence rate was 35.1% in stage I tumors and 51.8% in stage II, whereas the 5- and 7-year recurrence rates were 46.1 and 55.9% and 65.8 and 70.7%, respectively, for the same groups. Recurrences were observed more frequently in non-epidermoid carcinomas with multiple nodules (100% at 5 years) and in carcinomas classified as stage II (70.7% at 5-7 years), particularly when defined as adenocarcinoma (100% at 3 years). In the overall recurrence rate we observed no significant difference dependent on the type of resection even though limited segmental or wedge resection appeared to be related to a higher risk rate (true recurrence rate ratio: 0.6). Over two-thirds of the first observed recurrences were located at a distant site, with a slightly higher incidence of non-epidermoid carcinoma (72.5%). Isolated local recurrence mostly occurred in epidermoid carcinoma (47.6%). The most frequent sites of recurrence were the brain, bone and mediastinum. On multivariate analysis, independently significant adverse prognostic factors regarding the recurrence incidence were: tumor size greater than 3 cm, bronchial or hilar lymph node involvement, tumor histologically defined as adenocarcinoma, and the presence of satellite nodules.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Surgery, University of Rome, La Sapienza, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cangemi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Volpino
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: D'Andrea
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puopolo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fabrizi
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lonardo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piat
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis