Residence and recruitment of leucocytes to the equine lung after EHV-1 infection.
This study characterised bronchoalveolar leucocytes collected by lavage from five susceptible and two immune ponies before and after nebulised aerosol infection with equid herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1). Leucocyte counts and lymphocyte phenotypic analyses were performed using either differential staining or an indirect immunofluorescence assay with monoclonal antibodies specific for equine (Eq) CD4, CD5, CD8 and B lymphocytes. After EHV-1 infection, significant changes developed: a transient neutrophilia occurred on Day 2, coincident with a reduction in macrophage numbers and an EqCD5+, EqCD4+ and EqCD8+ lymphopaenia. On Day 21, a significant rise in EqCD8+ lymphocytes with an associated fall in the EqCD4+:EqCD4+ ratio and fluctuations in B lymphocyte phenotypes were observed. This study shows that following EHV-1 infection, the bronchoalveolar compartment is subject to dynamic leucocyte migration which may have an important role in immunopathogenesis and recovery from disease.
Kydd
J H
JH
Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
Hannant
D
D
Mumford
J A
JA
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000662:veterinary; D004861:Herpesvirus 1, Equid / Q000276:immunology*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology