title: Postoperative analgesic and cardiopulmonary effects in dogs of oxymorphone administered epidurally and intramuscularly, and medetomidine administered epidurally: a comparative clinical study.
abstract: Thirty dogs undergoing pelvic or hindlimb orthopedic surgery were each administered one of the following postoperative treatments: intramuscular oxymorphone 0.15 mg/kg (OIM) (n = 10); epidural oxymorphone 0.05 mg/kg, (OEP) (n = 10); or epidural medetomidine, 0.015 mg/kg (MEP) (n = 10). Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and arterial blood pressure were measured before drug injection and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, and 480 minutes postinjection (PI). Arterial blood gas analysis was performed before and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 360, and 480 minutes PI. The duration of analgesia with OEP, 7.62 + 0.30 hours (mean +/- SEM), and MEP, 7.06 + 0.50 hours, was significantly (P < .05) longer than the 4.91 + 0.44 hours obtained with OIM. All treatments resulted in a significant decrease in HR. Four dogs receiving epidural medetomidine each had second degree atrioventricular (AV) block associated with sinus arrhythmia for a brief period during the first 20 minutes after injection. There was no significant difference in arterial blood pressure between OIM and OEP but arterial blood pressure was significantly higher with MEP than with OIM. MEP can provide analgesia comparable with OEP, but bradycardia and second degree AV block will develop in some cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Anesthesiology, Radiology and Surgery, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vesal
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Cribb
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frketic
mesh_terms: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001146:Arrhythmia, Sinus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006327:Heart Block / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006614:Hindlimb; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D007268:Injections, Epidural / Q000662:veterinary; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D020926:Medetomidine; D009985:Orthopedics / Q000662:veterinary; D010111:Oxymorphone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010388:Pelvis; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000662:veterinary; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D007093:Imidazoles; D010111:Oxymorphone; D020926:Medetomidine