title: Therapeutic vaccines for melanoma: progress and problems.
abstract: Melanoma vaccines, which have been under development for many years, are being refined as a result of the knowledge gained from practical testing. We now have a more complete understanding of their mode of action and the problems that remain to be solved. There are points to recommend both crude and pure vaccines-each have specific advantages, but both require further development. Isolation of relevant peptide epitopes, addition of co-stimulatory molecules, the development of novel vehicles for vaccine delivery and improved vaccine adjuvants, and the problem of tumor-induced immunosuppression are among the issues for future study.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biological Therapy and Melanoma Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0987, USA. vijones@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000639:trends; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000939:Epitopes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D000939:Epitopes