title: Resistance to chloroquine therapy in pregnant women with malaria parasitemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to determine the efficacy of chloroquine in pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia at therapeutic doses of 25 mg/kg body weight divided over 3 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-hundred pregnant women in Kilifi Hospital at the coast of Kenya were screened for malaria parasitemia using Giemsa stained thick blood smears. In vivo and in vitro parasite sensitivity to chloroquine was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  P. falciparum infections were present in 65 (22%) of 300 pregnant women. The in vivo tests showed that 46% of all the P. falciparum infections were resistant to chloroquine predominantly at RI and RII levels. The in vitro tests showed a resistance rate of 35%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large proportion of pregnant women with malaria do not respond to chloroquine therapy and alternative drugs are required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rukaria-Kaumbutho
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ojwang
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Oyieke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D015597:Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D002738:Chloroquine