title: The relevance of VDJ PCR protocols in detecting B-cell clonal expansion in lymphomas and other lymphoproliferative disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The detection of immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (VH)-diversity (DH)-joining (JH) region gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction (VDJ PCR) has been recently proposed as a rapid approach to assess B-cell clonality in lymphoproliferative disorders. The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of VDJ PCR in a wide spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders previously characterized by immunohistochemistry and Southern blot (SB).
  
  
  METHODS
  83 SB-rearranged B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) of different histotype, 22 cases of SB-unrearranged classical Hodgkin's disease (HD), 18 cases of HIV-related reactive lymphadenopathy, and 4 frankly pre-lymphomatous lesions (MESA) in the course of Sjögren's syndrome were investigated by 2 different VDJ PCR protocols (FR3, FR2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The detection rate in NHL was 64% and 71% using the protocols FR3 and FR2, respectively. However, the overall VDJ PCR efficacy increased to 81% by combining the results of both protocols. In addition, differences in the combined, as well as in the single FR3 or FR2 protocol efficacy, were noted in the different NHL subgroups. B-cell clonality was also detected in 4/22 (18%) SB-unrearranged classical HD cases and in 2/18 (11%) reactive lymphadenopathy cases, whereas it was demonstrated in all the MESA lesions, 2 of them being SB-negative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VDJ PCR represents a useful and rapid technique to detect B-cell clonality in NHL, although with some differences depending on the NHL histotype and the panel of primers employed. The technique may also be of value to investigate the possible progression of early B-cell clonal expansion into frankly B-cell malignancy and to contribute to the controversy about the clonal lineage origin of the putative HD malignant cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Oncology I, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Re
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Vita
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferraccioli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gloghini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marzotto
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pivetta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dolcetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boiocchi
mesh_terms: D000386:AIDS-Related Complex / Q000235:genetics; D000916:Antibody Diversity; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000502:physiology; D017931:DNA Primers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D015321:Gene Rearrangement / Q000235:genetics*; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin / Q000235:genetics*; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics*; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region