title: Normal range of motion of the joints of the upper extremity in male subjects, with special reference to side.
abstract: We measured, with a universal full-circle manual goniometer, the active and passive arcs of motion of the shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist in 1000 healthy male subjects who were right-hand dominant and who ranged in age from eighteen to twenty-two years. The ranges of motion on the right side were significantly smaller than those on the left. We concluded that the contralateral, normal side may not always be a reliable control in the evaluation of restriction of motion of a joint.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gûnal
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Köse
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Erdogan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Göktürk
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000502:physiology; D005542:Forearm / Q000502:physiology; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue; D015588:Observer Variation; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012399:Rotation; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000502:physiology; D013484:Supination; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000502:physiology