title: Modulation of gene expression in the embryonic digestive tract of C. elegans.
abstract: The Caenorhabditis elegans digestive tract is composed of four distinct modules derived from separate cell lineages: anterior pharynx from the ABa lineage, posterior pharynx from the MS lineage, gut from the E lineage, and rectum from the ABp lineage. The C. elegans gut esterase gene (ges-1) is normally expressed in the embryonic gut or E lineage. However, expression ges-1 can be switched into cells of the embryonic pharynx and tail by virtue of deleting a tandem pair of WGATAR sites in the ges-1 promoter. Here, we use both laser ablation experiments and genetic analysis to show that cells expressing the WGATAR-deleted ges-1 transgene belong to all three nongut lineages of the digestive tract: ABa, MS, and ABp. We also show that the molecular size and spatial distribution of ges-1 mRNA transcripts produced by either the WGATAR-deleted ges-1 transgene or the undeleted ges-1 control transgene appear correctly regulated, suggesting that the spatial switch in ges-1 expression occurs at the level of transcription initiation. We further show that both the WGATAR-deleted and the undeleted ges-1 transgenes respond appropriately to mutations in a series of maternal effect genes (skn-1, mex-1, pie-1, and pop-1) that alter early blastomere fate. Moreover, the pharynx/tail expression of the WGATAR-deleted ges-1 transgene is abolished by mutations in the zygotic gene pha-4. Finally, we use imprecise transposon excision to produce two independent C. elegans strains with 1- to 2-kb deletions that remove the tandem WGATAR sites from the promoter of the endogenous chromosomal ges-1 gene: in both of these strains, ges-1 is not expressed in the embryonic gut but is expressed in cells of the embryonic pharynx; pharynx expression is weak but incontrovertible. Overall, our results validate previous transgenic analysis of ges-1 control and show further that ges-1 appears to be regulated in a system-specific, rather than a lineage-specific, manner. The multiple facets of ges-1 expression provide an opportunity to investigate how a multicomponent organ system such as the digestive tract is established from diverse cell lineages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukushige
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Goszczynski
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: McGhee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000196:embryology* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C095990:ges-1 protein, C elegans