title: Effect of acute and chronic fluoxetine on extracellular dopamine levels in the caudate-putamen and nucleus accumbens of rat.
abstract: Recent studies indicate that an increase in serotonergic (5-HT) activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) produces an increase in dopamine (DA) release, providing a possible mechanism for the involvement of DA in the therapeutic action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants. However, acutely administered fluoxetine (2.5, 5.0, or 10.0 mg/kg, i.p.) failed to elevate extracellular levels of DA, or its metabolites in the NAc or caudate-putamen (CP). In fact, the highest dose produced a small (20%) decrease in DA levels in the NAc. Extracellular levels of the 5-HT metabolite 5HIAA were consistently decreased at all doses of fluoxetine in both structures. Since SSRIs generally require several weeks of treatment to be effective clinically, a second experiment examined the effect of chronic administration of fluoxetine. Chronic (21 day) daily treatment with 5 mg/kg had no effect on NAc basal levels of DA, DA metabolites, or 5HIAA, relative to a saline-treated control group. Finally, pretreatment with fluoxetine appeared to slightly enhance the elevation of NAc DA induced by an injection of cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.), an effect that was not quite significant (P < .06). In conclusion, the 5-HT-induced facilitation of NAc DA neurotransmission described in the literature may not be relevant to the therapeutic action of fluoxetine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook 11794, USA.
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ashby
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Strecker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011699:Putamen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D005473:Fluoxetine; D004298:Dopamine