title: Dynamic changes in water ADC, energy metabolism, extracellular space volume, and tortuosity in neonatal rat brain during global ischemia.
abstract: To obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying early changes in the brain water apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) observed in cerebral ischemia, dynamic changes in the ADC of water and in the energy status were measured at postnatal day 8 or 9 in neonatal rat brains after cardiac arrest using 1H MRS/MRI and 31P MRS, respectively. The time courses of the MR parameters were compared with changes in the extracellular space (ECS) volume fraction (alpha) and tortuosity (lambda), determined from concentration-time profiles of tetramethylammonium applied by iontophoresis. The data show a decrease of the ADC of tissue water after induction of global ischemia of which the time course strongly correlates with the time course of the decrease in the ECS volume fraction and the increase in ECS tortuosity. This indicates that cell swelling is an important cause for the ADC decrease of water.
authors.affiliation: Department of in vivo NMR, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Toorn
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Syková
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Dijkhuizen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vorísek
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vargová
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skobisová
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Lookeren Campagne
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reese
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nicolay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004058:Diffusion; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants / Q000378:metabolism; D006323:Heart Arrest; D006859:Hydrogen; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D007478:Iontophoresis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010759:Phosphorus Isotopes; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants; D010759:Phosphorus Isotopes; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D006859:Hydrogen; C027917:tetramethylammonium