title: Supplementation of hypercholesterolaemic rabbits with L-arginine reduces the vascular release of superoxide anions and restores NO production.
abstract: L-arginine, the precursor of endogenous nitric oxide (NO), has been shown to enhance endothelial function and to reduce intimal plaque area in cholesterol (Chol)-fed rabbits. We have studied endogenous NO production in such animals in vitro (endothelium-dependent relaxations) and in vivo (assessed by urinary NO3- excretion) before and during chronic oral administration of L-arginine and inhibitor of NO synthesis, L-NAME. Vascular superoxide anion (O2-) production of aortic rings was measured under basal conditions and following exposure to phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA). Cholesterol feeding reduced endothelium-dependent relaxations and decreased urinary NO3- excretion. These effects were potentiated by administration of L-NAME. L-arginine partly restored endothelium-dependent relaxations and increased NO3- excretion. PMA-stimulated O2- production was increased in aortic rings from rabbits given cholesterol ( +159 +/- 28%; mean +/- S.E.M.) or cholesterol + L-NAME ( +149 +/- 37%) as compared with controls ( -22 +/- 7%). In rabbits given cholesterol + L-arginine, O2- production was decreased to control levels ( +14 +/- 17%; P < 0.05). We conclude that the systemic synthesis of NO is impaired in cholesterol-fed rabbits, as indicated by the decreased urinary excretion of NO3-. Enhanced O2- production may further contribute to the decreased biological activity of NO in hypercholesterolaemia. L-arginine restores endothelial function in hypercholesterolaemia by enhancing NO production and by protecting NO from early breakdown by O2-.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Germany.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Böger
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bode-Böger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mügge
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kienke
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brandes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dwenger
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Frölich
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D013481:Superoxides; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D002784:Cholesterol; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000109:Acetylcholine; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester