title: Efficacy of a 2-phase oil: water mouthrinse in controlling oral malodor, gingivitis, and plaque.
abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the anti-malodor, anti-gingivitis, and plaque reducing properties of a 2 phase oil:water mouthrinse compared with a control mouthrinse. Fifty subjects rinsed with one of the two rinses for 30 seconds twice a day over 6 weeks, while continuing their normal oral hygiene habits. Measurements were made at time zero (prior to beginning the rinsing regimen), and > or = 9 hours following rinsing, at intervals of 1, 3, and 6 weeks. Malodor of whole mouth, as well as tongue dorsum anterior and posterior, was assessed on a 0 to 5 semi-integer scale by two odor judges. Volatile sulphide compounds (VSC) were determined using a sulphide monitor. Gingival, plaque, and bleeding indices were recorded for Ramfjord teeth. Oral microbial levels were assessed using the oratest. Salivary levels of diamines (putrescine and cadaverine) were analyzed by HPLC. Results were analyzed by 2-tailed covariant ANOVA, with the time zero value as covariant. Dramatic improvements were observed in parameters associated with malodor, periodontal health, plaque accumulation, and microbial levels in both groups. As compared to time zero scores, whole mouth odor, tongue dorsum anterior and posterior odors decreased continuously over time, attaining 80%, 79% and 70%, reductions, respectively following 6 weeks, in the 2-phase mouthrinse group, versus 70%, 77% and 59% for the control group. For whole mouth and tongue dorsum posterior, the reductions observed in the 2-phase mouthrinse group were significantly greater than those obtained with the control mouthrinse (P = 0.026 and P = 0.025, respectively), suggesting that the 2-phase mouthrinse is superior to the control mouthrinse in long-term reduction of oral malodor. For bleeding index, gingival index, oral microbial levels, and VSC, differences between the groups were not significant. Diamine levels were not significantly reduced in either group. The control mouthrinse reduced plaque index more significantly than the 2-phase mouthrinse (P < 0.005). The results of this randomized clinical trial suggest that the 2-phase oil:water mouthrinse formulation is superior to the control mouthrinse in long-term reduction of oral malodor.
authors.affiliation: Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kozlovsky
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Natour
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rogatky-Gat
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gelernter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001944:Breath Tests; D002103:Cadaverine / Q000032:analysis; D002594:Cetylpyridinium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006209:Halitosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011700:Putrescine / Q000032:analysis; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013440:Sulfides / Q000032:analysis; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D009067:Mouthwashes; D013440:Sulfides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D002594:Cetylpyridinium; D002103:Cadaverine; D011700:Putrescine