title: Effects of magnetic resonance imaging on polymorphonuclear neutrophil functions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Limited research has been performed on the effects of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on the immune system. To our knowledge, there are no reported studies of MR imaging effects on the polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) system. Therefore, we evaluated the influence of MR imaging exposure on PMNs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo and in vitro studies were performed on 36 patients undergoing MR imaging. The following were estimated in blood samples: leukocyte and PMN count, PMN phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity, percentage of cells with expression of surface receptor for the Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G (IgG), PMN superoxide, hydrogen peroxide production, and plasma lysozyme activity. Another sample of patients was used to eliminate temperature as an influence on changes in PMN functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both in vitro and in vivo MR imaging led to a decrease in PMNs and an increase in PMN phagocytosis, bactericidal capacity, hydrogen peroxide production, and percentage of cells with expression of surface receptor for Fc IgG. Superoxide anion production did not change significantly. Elevated temperature, stress, and anxiety were excluded as influences on our results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PMN system is affected seriously by MR imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Therapy, Karol Marcinkowski University School of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minczykowski
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Paprzycki
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smielecki
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sosnowski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szczepanik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eder
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wysocki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001770:Blood Bactericidal Activity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009113:Muramidase / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000032:analysis; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000502:physiology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D017452:Receptors, IgG; D013481:Superoxides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D009113:Muramidase