title: Characterization of a 105-kDa polypeptide encoded in gene 1 of the human coronavirus HCV 229E.
abstract: Gene 1 of the human coronavirus HCV 229E encompasses approximately 20.7 kb and contains two overlapping open reading frames, ORF 1a and ORF 1b. The downstream ORF 1b is expressed by a mechanism involving (-1) ribosomal frameshifting. Translation of mRNA 1, which is thought to be equivalent to the viral genomic RNA, results in the synthesis of two large polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab. These polyproteins contain motifs characteristic of papain-like and 3C-like proteinases, RNA-dependent RNA polymerases, helicases, and metal-binding proteins. In this study, we have produced pp1ab-specific monoclonal antibodies and have used them to detect an intracellular, 105-kDa viral polypeptide that contains the putative RNA polymerase domain. Furthermore, using trans cleavage assays with bacterially expressed HCV 229E 3C-like proteinase, we have demonstrated that the 105-kDa polypeptide is released from pp1ab by cleavage at the dipeptide bonds Gln-4068/Ser-4069 and Gln-4995/Ala-4996. These data contribute to the characterization of coronavirus 3C-like proteinase-mediated processing of pp1ab and provide the first identification of an HCV 229E ORF 1ab-encoded polypeptide in virus-infected cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Viral Zoonoses, Federal Institute for Health Protection of Consumers and Veterinary Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grötzinger
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heusipp
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ziebuhr
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Harms
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Süss
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Siddell
mesh_terms: D000086042:3C Viral Proteases; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D017934:Coronavirus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D028941:Coronavirus 229E, Human; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D010455:Peptides; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; C087637:gene 1 protein, Coronavirus; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D000086042:3C Viral Proteases