title: A randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of botulinum toxin in the treatment of spastic foot in hemiparetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To confirm the apparent effectiveness of botulinum toxin (BTX) in hemiparetic patients with ankle plantar flexors and foot invertor spasticity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty three hemiparetic patients with spasticity of the ankle plantar flexors and foot invertors were included in a randomised double blind, placebo controlled study with BTX. Patients were examined on days 0, 30, 90, and 120 and received one injection of BTX and one of placebo in a random order at day 0 and day 90.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients reported a clear subjective improvement in foot spasticity after BTX (P = 0.0014) but not after placebo. Significant changes were noted in Ashworth scale values for ankle extensors (P < 0.0001) and invertors (P = 0.0002), and for active ankle dorsiflexion (P = 0.0001). Gait velocity was slightly but not significantly (P = 0.0731) improved after BTX injections. The severity of spasticity did not modify treatment efficacy, but BTX was less effective in patients with longer duration of spasticity (P = 0.0081).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The efficacy of BTX injections in the treatment of spastic foot suggests that BTX may be particularly useful during the first year after a stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, Hôpital Haut-Lévèque, Pessac, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Burbaud
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wiart
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Dubos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaujard
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Debelleix
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mazaux
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bioulac
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barat
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lagueny
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013035:Spasm / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D010919:Placebos; D001905:Botulinum Toxins