title: Anti-CD3-activated killer T cells: interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 cross-regulate granzyme B expression and the induction of major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted cytotoxicity.
abstract: We have investigated the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin (IL)-10 on granzyme B expression and the induction of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-unrestricted cytotoxic activity in mouse T cell cultures following activation with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb). First, metabolic inhibitors of granule-dependent and granule-independent cytolytic pathways were used to show that anti-CD3-activated killer T (AK-T) cells kill allogeneic P815 mastocytoma target cells primarily by the granule-dependent granzyme/perforin pathway. In comparison to control AK-T cells, lower levels of cytolytic activity were evident when AK-T cells were generated in the presence of anti-IFN-gamma neutralizing mAb or exogenous IL-10, whereas enhanced cytotoxicity was observed when AK-T cell cultures contained anti-IL-10 neutralizing mAb or exogenous IFN-gamma. In addition, granzyme B mRNA expression by AK-T cells was diminished when IFN-gamma bioactivity was neutralized or exogenous IL-10 was present in AK-T cell-cultures, whereas neutralization of IL-10 bioactivity or the addition of exogenous IFN-gamma resulted in increased expression of granzyme B mRNA. Similar results were obtained when granzyme B enzymatic activity in AK-T cell lysates was quantified using a colorimetric granzyme B assay. Altered cytotoxic potential, granzyme B mRNA expression, and granzyme B enzymatic activity following T cell activation in the presence of anti-IFN-gamma or anti-IL-10 neutralizing mAb or exogenous IFN-gamma or IL-10 could not be attributed to gross changes in T cell activation status or to altered percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in AK-T cell cultures. We conclude that IFN-gamma and IL-10 cross-regulate the induction of the granule-dependent cytolytic machinery of AK-T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Makrigiannis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hoskin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D053804:Granzymes; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017252:CD3 Complex; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D053804:Granzymes; C509214:Gzmb protein, mouse; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases