title: Characterization of buccal motor programs elicited by a cholinergic agonist applied to the cerebral ganglion of Aplysia californica.
abstract: Applying the non-hydrolyzable cholinergic agonist carbachol (CCh) to the cerebral ganglion of Aplysia elicits sustained, regular bursts of activity in the buccal ganglia resembling those seen during biting. The threshold for bursting is approximately 10(-4) M. Bursting begins after a 2 to 5 min delay. The burst frequency increases over the first 5 bursts, reaching a plateau value of approximately 3 per minute. Bursting is maintained for over 10 min. Some of the effects of CCh may be attributed to its ability to depolarize and fire CBI-2, a command-like neuron in the cerebral ganglion that initiates biting. CBI-2 is also depolarized by ACh, and by stimulating peripheral sensory nerves. Excitation of CBI-2 caused by carbachol is partially blocked by the muscarinic antagonist atropine. We examined whether CCh-induced bursting is modified in ganglia taken from Aplysia that previously experienced treatments inhibiting feeding, such as satiation, head shock contingent or non-contingent with food, and training animals with an inedible food. No treatment consistently and repeatedly affected the latency, the peak burst period, the length of time that bursting was maintained, or the threshold CCh concentration for eliciting bursting. However, there was a decrease in the rate of the build-up of the buccal ganglion program in previously satiated animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Susswein
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gapon
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kupfermann
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001048:Aplysia / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002610:Cheek / Q000502:physiology*; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004597:Electroshock; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009753:Nutritive Value; D012528:Satiety Response
chemical_list: D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D002217:Carbachol