title: Effects of fumonisin-containing culture material on pulmonary clearance in swine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the potential effects of feeding tumonisin-containing culture material on the pulmonary clearance of blood-borne particulates and bacteria in swine.
  
  
  METHODS
  21 healthy male pigs randomly assigned to control and treated groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Control pigs were fed a standard grower ration while culture material containing fumonisins (20 mg of hydrolyzed fumonisin B1/kg of body weight/d) was added to the feed of treated pigs for 7 days. On day 8, pigs were anesthetized with halothane and catheterized, using a sterile cut-down procedure. 18 hours after recovery from anesthesia, Monastral Blue or Pseudomonas aeruginosa was infused into the right atrium of treated and control pigs for 30 minutes and pulmonary clearance was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pigs that were fed fumonisin-containing culture material had a significantly (P < 0.05) decreased ability to clear Monastral Blue and P aeruginosa. Ultrastructural examination of the lung indicated that uptake of copper pigment by pulmonary intravascular macrophages was decreased in treated pigs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fumonisins, even when fed to pigs at sub-lethal concentrations, can inhibit pulmonary intravascular macrophages from removing particulate matter and bacteria from the circulation, thus potentially predisposing swine to infectious disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Constable
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Bacon
authors.forename: F I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Meredith
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Wollenberg
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Haschek
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002302:Cardiac Output; D003470:Culture Media; D037341:Fumonisins; D005670:Fusarium / Q000254:growth & development; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D037341:Fumonisins; D007211:Indoles; D009183:Mycotoxins; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010860:Pigments, Biological; C015445:copper phthalocyanine; C056933:fumonisin B1