title: Patient sedation: technical problems and developments.
abstract: Target-controlled infusion (TCI) systems have dramatically simplified the technique of total intravenous infusion. Systems have been used successfully to provide patient sedation during a variety of surgical procedures. Initial studies indicate that sedation for surgery is achieved rapidly without undue oversedation, and is easily maintained at a constant level. TCI systems have also been used successfully for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Using the analgesic alfentanil, good quality post-operative analgesia can be achieved without under- or overdosing. The recent development of using effector-site drug concentrations as a guide to the extent of sedation should allow fine control of patient sedation with TCI systems.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Anaesthesia, Health Care International, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Kenny
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000379:methods*; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D007260:Infusion Pumps; D008875:Middle Aged; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D012646:Self Administration
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives