title: Pharmacokinetics of cefixime in children with urinary tract infections after a single oral dose.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of cefixime, a third-generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin, were determined following administration of a 8 mg/kg single oral dose of cefixime suspension to six children with urinary tract infections, ages from 6 to 13 years and weights from 17 to 60 kg. Blood samples for determination of plasma cefixime concentrations were obtained for up to 12 hr and complete urine collections were obtained for urinary excretion of unchanged parent drug for up to 24 hr after administration. Plasma and urine concentrations of cefixime were determined using a reversed phase HPLC assay and pertinent pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by model-independent standard methods. Mean peak plasma concentration was 4.04 micrograms/ml and was reached after 3.2 hr. The mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve was 33.07 micrograms.hr/ml and the mean elimination half-life was 3.91 hr. The mean apparent total clearance was 4.74 ml/min./kg and about 15% of the dose administered was recovered unchanged in urine. In conclusion, the estimated pharmacokinetic values of cefixime were comparable to those observed in healthy adult subjects based on equivalent mg/ kg doses. Plasma and urine concentrations of the drug were well above the reported minimal plasma and urinary concentrations for most common urinary tract pathogens for up to 12 and 24 hr after administration, respectively.
authors.affiliation: 4th Paediatric Clinic, ACHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mamzoridi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kasteridou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peonides
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Niopas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D020682:Cefixime; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000652:urine; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D002648:Child; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D020682:Cefixime; D002439:Cefotaxime