title: Biotransformation of quinoxaline by Streptomyces badius.
abstract: Quinoxaline, a mutagenic azaarene produced in foods during cooking, was added to cultures of Streptomyces badius ATCC 39117. After 24 h, the cultures were extracted with ethyl acetate. Two major metabolites were purified by liquid chromatography and identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinoxalinone and 2(1H)-quinoxalinone.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA. jsutherland@fdant.nctr.fda.gov
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D001711:Biotransformation; D005504:Food Analysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009153:Mutagens / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D011810:Quinoxalines