title: Molar furcation involvement associated with cigarette smoking in periodontal referrals.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cigarette smoking and furcation involvement in molar teeth. A consecutive group of 50 smokers were recruited from referrals to a periodontal clinic and age and gender matched with never smokers. Smokers consumed an average of 18.0 (SD 6.7) cigarettes per day and had smoked for 2.7 (SD 6.5) years. Radiographs of all molar teeth were assessed 2 x by an examiner blinded to the smoking status. Smokers had slightly fewer molar teeth 6.7 (SD 2.6) than the never smokers, 7.3 (SD 2.3), t = 1.2, P = 0.22. More smokers (72%) had evidence of furcation involvement than never smokers (36%), x2 = 13.0, P = 0.0003. The odds ratio for a smoker having 1 molar with furcation involvement was 4.6 (c.i. 2 - 10.6). Smokers had more molars with furcation involvement 1.94 (SD 1.7) compared with never smokers, 0.94 (SD 1.4), t = 3.1, P = 0.003. It is concluded that cigarette smoking is associated with a greater expression of molar furcation involvement in periodontitis affected subjects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Restorative Dentistry (Periodontics), School of Clinical Dentistry, Queens University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Mullally
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Linden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D017823:Furcation Defects / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications*; D011859:Radiography; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012307:Risk Factors; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*