title: Instant technetium 99m hexamethyl propylenamine oxime-labeled leukocyte scan compared with colonoscopy in early assessment of disease extent and activity in acute colitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to evaluate technetium 99m (Tc 99m) hexamethyl propylenamine oxime (HMPAO)-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy for assessment of disease extent and activity in acute colitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven patients, hospitalized because of acute watery and/or bloody diarrhea, were investigated using both total colonoscopy and Tc 99m HMPAO-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy within 48 hours after admittance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Final diagnoses were ulcerative colitis in 14 patients, Crohn's disease in 7 patients, and infectious colitis in 6 patients. Using colonoscopy as the reference method, the maximum extent of colitis was correctly assessed by the leukocyte scan in 18 patients (67 percent), although rectal engagement was not visualized in 5 (19 percent). In six additional patients, there was almost complete agreement between the two methods. One other patient, with leftsided ulcerative colitis, was erroneously assessed as having total extent. Two other patients (one with Crohn's colitis and one with infectious colitis) had different segments incorrectly assessed. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of scintigraphy in detecting active inflammatory segments were 0.85, 0.83, and 0.85, respectively. Intensity of inflammatory activity assessed by the leukocyte scan correlated significantly with colonoscopic assessment (r = 0.719; P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Information regarding extent, localization, and disease activity in patients with acute colitis of inflammatory or infectious origin may be satisfactorily obtained using Tc 99m HMPAO-labeled leukocyte scanning. The noninvasive nature of the method makes it an attractive early alternative to other investigational procedures such as total colonoscopy or barium examination, particularly in cases with an established diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Karolinska Institue, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ståhlberg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Måre
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Granqvist
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Agren
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Löfberg
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003092:Colitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D003113:Colonoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D010091:Oximes; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D010091:Oximes; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime