title: Alcohol-related health services use and identification of patients in the emergency department.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationship between alcohol-related emergency department visits and alcohol-related outpatient visits and the extent of identification and referral of these ED patients for alcohol treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A representative sample of ED patients in three medical centers of a large northern California health maintenance organization were interviewed and given breath alcohol tests, and their medical records were reviewed. An alcohol-related ED visit was defined as a visit meeting one or more of the following criteria: positive breath alcohol test result (.01 mg/dL or more), report of drinking in the 6 hours before the presenting injury or illness, ED visit for an alcohol-related problem, and a medical record notation of excessive alcohol use or an alcohol problem.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 988 ED patients, 91 were found to have an alcohol-related ED visit. Of the 91, 6 made an alcohol-related outpatient visit in the 12 months before the ED visit, and 10 made such a visit in the following 6 months. Among the 91 patients, 10 were identified as having an alcohol problem by the ED staff, and 1 was referred for alcohol treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ED is an important point for the early identification and referral for treatment of alcohol-dependent and problem drinkers. The patient may make an alcohol-related ED visit relatively early in the pattern of alcohol-related health care use.
authors.affiliation: Alcohol Research Group, Western Consortium for Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Cherpitel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soghikian
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Hurley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012017:Referral and Consultation