title: Opioid mechanisms controlling renal function.
abstract: 1. Over the past 50 years considerable evidence has been reported suggesting that endogenous opioids participate in the control of renal function. 2. Exogenous administration of opioids produces profound changes in the renal excretion of water and sodium. 3. Opioids produce changes in urine output and urine sodium excretion by multiple integrated neural and hormonal mechanisms within the periphery, central nervous system and kidneys. 4. Although opioid antagonist administration does not consistently reveal an action of endogenous opioid systems on renal function, this may result from the quiescent nature of the endogenous opioid system under basal conditions. 5. Manipulations that activate endogenous opioid systems have begun to reveal important, previously unrecognized mechanisms that control kidney function and can enhance renal tubular sodium reabsorption in normal and potentially pathological states.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Kapusta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004232:Diuretics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000187:drug effects; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000187:drug effects; D014554:Urination / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D009294:Narcotics; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu