title: Effects of brain death and glucose infusion on hepatic glycogen and blood hormones in the pig.
abstract: We wished to study the effects of intravenous glucose/ insulin infusion to brain-dead pigs on the hepatic glycogen content. Four groups of 40-kg pigs were studied: brain-dead and control pigs given isotonic saline or glucose/insulin (7.5 mg glucose/kg/min, 1.25 mU insulin/kg/ min) (n = 5 to 10 in each group). Brain death was induced by inflating a balloon placed in the epidural space. In brain-dead pigs given saline, liver glycogen decreased from 45 +/- 11 mmol/g DNA (mean +/- SEM) to 7 +/- 3 mmol/ g DNA after 6 hours. Thereafter, it increased to 28 +/- 9 mmol/g DNA after 9 hours (P = .05 compared with the 6-hour measurement). These changes were accompanied by transient increases in plasma adrenaline, glucose, free fatty acids (FFA), and glucagon. Following glucose/ insulin infusion, hepatic glycogen increased steadily and was approximately double after 12 hours (P < .01) in both brain-dead and in non-brain-dead pigs. In brain-dead pigs, the increases in the aforementioned blood measurements were smaller following glucose/insulin infusion than following saline infusion. However, studies of longer duration will be needed to examine these effects on a time scale that is relevant to human organ donors. In conclusion, the decrease in hepatic glycogen content after brain death could be prevented by intravenous glucose/insulin infusion probably because of a reduction of the adrenaline response to the induction of brain death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery L, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roelsgaard
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Botker
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stodkilde-Jorgensen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Andreasen
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keiding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001926:Brain Death / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008112:Liver Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006728:Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D008112:Liver Glycogen; D004247:DNA; D005934:Glucagon; D005947:Glucose