title: Recognition and treatment of ethanol abuse in trauma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate physicians' recognition of possible ethanol-related complications in trauma patients, and to compare benzodiazepine requirements in patients with positive and negative blood-ethanol concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  University medical center (level I trauma center).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-one trauma patients more than 18 years of age who were admitted for at least 24 hours.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) Physicians' recognition of ethanol (EtOH) as a potential factor complicating patient recovery in trauma patients admitted with positive blood-EtOH concentrations. (2) The amount of benzodiazepines administered to trauma patients with positive EtOH-blood concentrations compared to trauma patients with no detectable EtOH in their blood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of EtOH in the blood or the potential for EtOH withdrawal was mentioned in the progress notes of approximately one fourth of the patients with positive blood-EtOH concentrations. Thiamine was administered in 8.2% of patients with EtOH-related injuries. Benzodiazepine requirements were significantly higher in patients with positive versus negative blood-EtOH concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prompt recognition and charting of suspected ethanol abuse is recommended, in conjunction with prompt administration of thiamine. It should be anticipated that patients with positive blood-ethanol concentrations will require higher doses of benzodiazepines compared to trauma patients without ethanol-related injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Erstad
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Grier
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Esser
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Joshi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013831:Thiamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000431:Ethanol; D013831:Thiamine