title: Interleukin-3 plus interleukin-6 may improve chromosomal analysis of multiple myeloma: cytologic and cytogenetic evidence in thirty-four patients.
abstract: To better define the role of interleukin-3 (IL-3) and IL-6 in the cytogenetic analysis of multiple myeloma (MM), we performed concomitant chromosome and cytologic studies in 34 patients. In each case, 10-30 x 10(6) bone marrow cells were incubated in two independent cultures consisting of conventional cytogenetic medium with and without IL-3 plus IL-6 added for 72 hours. 1-ml aliquots of each culture were aspirated at 24, 48, and 72 hours and exposed to colcemid for 6 hours. Cytospin preparations were then made and mitotic cells were counted and identified as plasma cells or as nonmalignant cells based on their reactivity with an appropriate anti kappa/lambda serum. Slides for conventional cytogenetic analysis were prepared at 72 hours. A greater than two-fold increase of mitotic plasma cells was observed in cytospin preparations from stimulated cultures versus unstimulated cultures in 15 of 34 cases, whereas a less than 2-fold increase, no variation or no mitosis was recorded in 19 cases. Comparison of the number of mitotic plasma cells in stimulated cultures at 24, 48, and 72 hours showed a decreased mitotic activity at 72 hours. Clonal abnormalities were detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis in 19 of 34 cases (55.8%). Recurrent clonal aberrations involved chromosome 13 (4 cases), chromosomes 1p, and 14q (3 cases); chromosomes 3p, 6q, 7q, and 9q (2 cases). We conclude that IL-3 + IL-6 may increase the number of dividing plasma cells in cytogenetic cultures and that a 2-day culture with these cytokines may facilitate the detection of chromosome abnormalities in MM.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, University of Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuneo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Balsamo
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Roberti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bardi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Piva
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balboni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bigoni
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rigolin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Castoldi
mesh_terms: D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002877:Chromosomes, Human; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; D002882:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; D003470:Culture Media; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007621:Karyotyping; D007700:Kinetics; D008938:Mitosis; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007377:Interleukin-3; D015850:Interleukin-6