Primitive cytokines and cytokine receptors in invertebrates: the sea star Asterias rubens as a model of study.
It has been previously demonstrated that the sea star axial organ is a primitive immune organ. Phagocytic, lymphoid-like cells have been characterized with properties similar to those of vertebrates. There is also evidence for an invertebrate cytokine network because IL-1 and TNF-like activities are clearly demonstrable. In addition, the authors have previously described preliminary evidence for IL-2-like activity in the sea star. In the present report, the authors obtained evidence for the presence of IL-1- and IL-2-like molecules on axial organ cells. More interestingly, the results suggested that sea star cells express structures similar to human receptors for IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-gamma.
Legac
E
E
Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France.
Vaugier
G L
GL
Bousquet
F
F
Bajelan
M
M
Leclerc
M
M
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D010641:Phenotype; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000032:analysis*; D013215:Starfish / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016207:Cytokines; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D006433:Hemocyanins