title: Obstetric factors and mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: the French perinatal cohorts. SEROGEST French Pediatric HIV Infection Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We attempted to determine whether the risk of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is related to events in pregnancy, labor, and delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective multicenter cohort study of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected mothers and their children, we studied pregnancy histories, labor (including gestational age, induction, membrane rupture, length of labor, intrapartum procedures, bleeding, infection, antiseptic technique, and antiretroviral therapy), and conditions of delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 1632 singleton infants, 310 were confirmed infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 at age 18 months (19.0% +/- 1.9%). Procedures (in particular, amniocentesis and amnioscopy) and sexually transmitted diseases during pregnancy, preterm delivery, premature membrane rupture, hemorrhage in labor, and bloody amniotic fluid were associated with increased transmission. Transmission was not related to mode of delivery or to the conditions of labor and delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transmission was not decreased after emergency or elective cesarean section. Most risk factors either were rare or appeared poorly amenable to obstetric management, with the exception of invasive procedures, which should be avoided.
authors.affiliation: INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U149, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mandelbrot
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mayaux
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bongain
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berrebi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moudoub-Jeanpetit
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bénifla
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ciraru-Vigneron
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Le Chenadec
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blanche
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Delfraissy
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000635:transmission*; D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015331:Cohort Studies; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes; D005602:France; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007751:Labor, Induced; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D011446:Prospective Studies