title: Indirect larynx and pharynx surgery: a replacement for direct laryngoscopy.
abstract: During a 2-year period, 192 indirect surgeries on the laryngopharynx were performed in an outpatient videoendoscopy laboratory under topical anesthesia with or without intravenous sedation. These procedures included cancer staging and biopsy; vocal fold injections of Teflon, Gelfoam, botulinum toxin, or steroids; glottic web lysis; and granuloma removal. The techniques used to perform these procedures are elucidated. Careful chart review of these patients shows that indirect surgery was performed successfully in 96% of cases. Intravenous conscious sedation was utilized in 39% of patients. No significant complications were encountered. By avoiding the need for an operating room, hospitalization, or general anesthesia, this technique was clearly as safe or safer, more convenient for surgeon and patient, and more cost-effective than the same procedure would have been via the traditional direct laryngoscopy. As the authors have already done in their practices, the indirect method should therefore be reinstated as the preferred approach to the clinical circumstances described here.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolarynology--Head and Neck Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Bastian
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Delsupehe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007830:Larynx / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010614:Pharynx / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies