title: Identification of 3-nitro-L-tyrosine, a product of nitric oxide and superoxide, as an indicator of oxidative stress in the human brain.
abstract: 3-Nitro-L-tyrosine synthesized from L-tyrosine by peroxynitrite, a product of superoxide and nitric oxide, was identified for the first time in human brains. By quantitative analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography with multi-electrochemical detectors, 3-nitro-L-tyrosine concentration in the gray matter was higher in the cerebrum than in the cerebellum; 0.96 and 0.29 nmol/g wet weight, respectively. On the other hand, L-tyrosine concentration was not different. 3-Nitro-L-tyrosine in the brain may be used as an indicator of oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashizume
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naoi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004563:Electrochemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine