title: Perimenstrual symptoms among Chinese women in an urban area of China.
abstract: We explored perimenstrual symptoms among 16 Chinese women in an urban area of southeastern China using a retrospective questionnaire, the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ), and a prospective daily symptom diary, the Daily Health Diary (DHD), modified for cultural relevance. Mean scores on the DHD were significantly (p < .03) higher during the perimenstrual phase for the symptoms fatigue, increased sensitivity to cold, increased sleeping, abdominal pain/discomfort, painful or tender breasts, and decreased sexual desire. The women who reported higher DHD physical symptom scores prospectively were more likely to recall more severe physical symptoms retrospectively on the MDQ. However, there were remarkable discrepancies between the DHD and MDQ regarding psychoemotional symptoms. By retrospective MDQ, the percentages of women who experienced severe mood swings and irritability ranged from 13% to 25% during the premenstrual and menstrual phases; on the DHDs, however, these emotional symptoms were not statistically associated with the menstrual cycle. The failure of prospective charting to confirm the retrospective reports of cyclic psychoemotional symptoms agrees with findings of studies of U.S. samples. We conclude that perimenstrual distress in Chinese women may be affected by the data collection methods.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oakley
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Reame
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014504:Urban Health