title: Stimulus-dependent, reciprocal up- and downregulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gene expression in rat cerebral cortex.
abstract: Long-train tetanic stimulation of the cerebral cortex induces long-term changes in the excitability of cortical neurons, while short-train electrical stimulation does not. In the present study, we show that both forms of stimulation when applied to rat motor cortex for 4 h enhance c-fos expression, but only tetanic stimulation, when imposed upon short-train stimulation, modulates gene expression for 67-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and alpha Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII alpha). Gene expression for beta Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II is not affected by either stimulation mode. GAD messenger RNA (mRNA) is increased from 1 h after the end of tetanization to the longest poststimulus survival time investigated (14 h). CaMKII alpha mRNA is decreased 1-3 h after the end of tetanization but thereafter returns to prestimulus levels. These results imply not only that mechanisms underlying neocortical plasticity are stimulus-dependent but also that they involve reciprocal changes in molecules regulating the balance of excitation and inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine 92717-1280, USA.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Isackson
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase