title: Iron nutrition and iron status changes in Italian infants in the last decade.
abstract: Two groups of 9-15 month old Italian infants were studied, at a 9 years' interval, to evaluate and compare feeding practices and their effect on iron status. Nutritional iron supply has increased in the last decade, due to a larger use of breast milk and iron-fortified infant formulas. In 1983, 21.6% of infants were breast-fed for 5 months or more, compared with 50.6% in 1992. In 1983, 73.3% of infants were fed on fresh cow's milk by the age of 6 months, compared with 7.6% in 1992. Consequently, iron status is markedly improved. In 1983, 5% of the examined infants were anemic and 20.7% showed iron deficiency without anemia, compared with 1.3% and 10.3% respectively in 1992. Our study supports the following recommendations: after 5 months of age exclusively breast-fed infants should receive an additional 1 mg/kg/die iron supplement and iron fortified formulas should be used instead of fresh cow's milk during the first year of life.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Clinico di Pediatria Preventiva e Neonatologia, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Salvioli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Faldella
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alessandroni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lanari
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Di Turi
mesh_terms: D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D007558:Italy; D009752:Nutritional Status; D018529:Nutritional Support
chemical_list: D007501:Iron