The presence and phytotoxicity of fumonisins and AAL-toxin in Alternaria alternata.
The fumonisins (FB) and AAL-toxin are known to be produced by Fusarium moniliforme and Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici when grown on rice. Alternaria alternata produced 1.3-3.1 ppm FB1 when grown on PDA for 2 weeks at 26 degrees C as determined by CD-ELISA and 0.6 ppm as determined by CF/FAB/MS. ELISA consistently yielded higher results than CF/FAB/MS. The presence of FB2, FB3 and AAL-toxin were demonstrated in spores and mycelia of A. alternata by CF/FAB/MS. The presence of AAL-toxin was further confirmed by demonstration of increased free sphingoid bases in tomato plants exposed to fungal spores and mycelia. This is the first report of AAL-toxin, FB2 and FB3 in spores and mycelia and confirms the presence of FB1 in A. alternata.
Abbas
H K
HK
Agricultural Service Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
Riley
R T
RT
D000528:Alternaria / Q000378:metabolism*; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D016339:Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment; D013110:Sphingosine
C047996:Alternaria alternata pathotoxin TA; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; C056934:fumonisin B2; C073063:fumonisin B3; C056933:fumonisin B1; D013110:Sphingosine