title: Extended unilateral anesthesia. New technique or paravertebral anesthesia?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors previously reported a case in which injection of local anesthetic posterior to the endothoracic fascia at the T11 vertebral level gave rise to extended analgesia in thoracic and lumbar dermatomes. They now report a study in which this type of anesthesia was used in patients undergoing herniorrhaphy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12-mL dose of 2% mepivacaine was injected at the T11 level posterior to the endothoracic fascia in 15 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On average, seven dermatomes could be blocked with this dose and with a single injection. Nine patients experienced adequate analgesia and underwent operation with no additional sedation. In three patients the block resulted in inadequate analgesia, and additional sedative drugs were used. Three patients experienced no analgesia and were given general anesthesia
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Injection of local anesthetic posterior to the endothoracic fascia resulted in extended unilateral anesthesia that was adequate for herniorrhaphy in 9 of the 15 patients (60%) studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Nippon Medical School, Tama-Nagayama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cutler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanuma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carlsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D005205:Fascia; D005260:Female; D059685:Herniorrhaphy; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008619:Mepivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008619:Mepivacaine