title: Influence of alcohol abuse on recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the influence of alcohol abuse (ethanol intake > 80 gm/day for > 5 yr.) on recurrence in 81 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who had undergone curative hepatic resection. Twenty-nine patients were positive for alcohol abuse [AA(+)] and 52 were not [AA(-)].
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recurrence of carcinoma within 2 and 27 postoperative months was observed in 45 (55.6%) of the 81 patients. The median disease-recurrence time was 12.0 mo in the AA(+) group and 24.1 mo in the AA(-) group (p<0.01). The patterns of recurrence were classified into the following 4 types: single-nodular type (intrahepatic single nodule); multi-nodular type (intrahepatic multiple nodules); whole liver type (diffuse recurrence over the whole remnant liver); and extrahepatic type (extrahepatic recurrence alone). Five (29.4%) of the 17 patients with recurrence in the AA(+) group demonstrated the whole liver type, compared with only 2(7.1%) of the 28 patients in the AA(-) group (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with alcohol abuse should be followed up particularly closely, even if they have received curative surgery, since alcohol abuse is strongly related to postoperative recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nose
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshimori
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosuge
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors