title: The unique endometrial expression and genomic organization of the porcine IGFBP-2 gene.
abstract: The insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs-1-6) modulate the mitogenic and differentiative actions of the IGFs and may have IGF-independent functions. This study examined the gene expression and pregnancy-regulation of the IGF/IGFBP system in porcine uterine endometrium and myometrium during the periimplantation period and later stages of pregnancy. Endometrial IGFBP-2 mRNA abundance exhibited stage of pregnancy-dependent induction; whereas little or no IGFBP-2 mRNA was found in myometrium. IGFBP-2 protein was immunolocalized to the endometrial glandular and luminal epithelia (staining on day 60 > day 12) with minimal or no immunostaining of uterine stroma observed. IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-4 transcript levels became elevated in endometrium after implantation; whereas, IGFBP-5 and IGFBP-6 mRNAs were in greater abundance in periimplantation than post-implantation endometrium. IGFBP-1 transcripts, in contrast, could not be identified in porcine endometrium or myometrium of pregnancy. As a pre-requisite to understanding the pregnancy-induction and endometrial-specificity of the uterine-expressed IGFBP-2 gene, cosmids encompassing the pig IGFBP-2 chromosomal locus were isolated and characterized. This gene is comprised of four exons that span > 29 kb and encode a 316 amino acid precursor protein. All four exons were found to be G/C rich with exon 1 and immediate 5' flank exhibiting hallmarks of a CpG island. This latter region was devoid of TATA and CAAT motifs. Results identify the preferential endometrial expression of different IGFBP genes at either the periimplantation or post-implantation periods, perhaps reflecting distinct actions of these proteins at the embryo-maternal and feto-maternal interfaces, respectively. Interactions of steroid receptors, endometrial transcription factors and their corresponding cis elements may confer the unique uterine expression of the IGFBP-2 gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dairy Science, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0920, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Simmen
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Simmen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D016678:Genome; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011247:Pregnancy; D017421:Sequence Analysis; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2