title: Life events, psychosocial factors, and demographic variables in early rheumatoid arthritis: relations to one-year changes in functional disability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore how life events, psychosocial factors, and demographic variables are related to one-year changes in disability in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 238 patients with RA of 48 mo duration or less was examined at baseline and after 12 mo (n = 227; 95%). Data on life events and psychosocial variables were collected by structured interviews, and functional disability was measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Analyses of variance and forward stepwise linear regression analyses were used as statistical procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean functional disability measured by the HAQ was relatively low at baseline and remained stable during one year. Positive life events experienced during the past year were significantly related to improved physical ability, whereas female sex was significantly related to reduction in ability. Neither age, income, education, number of network members, symptoms of mental distress, nor negative life events in the past year significantly predicted one-year changes in functional limitations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The experience of positive life events during the past year was significantly related to a reduction in disability in this prospective study of 238 patients with early RA. This finding adds to our knowledge regarding the relationship between psychosocial factors and disease progression in RA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Smedstad
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kvien
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moum
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaglum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003710:Demography; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires