Endoscopic forehead lift. Aesthetics and analysis.
The endoscope already has revolutionized aesthetic forehead surgery by reducing the morbidity rate associated with the forehead lift operation. The ability to do the operation through a minimally invasive approach is predicated on the illumination and magnification that the endoscope provides. It is this same illumination and magnification that is being brought to bear on the aesthetics, analysis, goals, and techniques that have guided the classical procedure. Both patients and surgeons will benefit from this renewed focus on aesthetic surgery of the forehead.
Daniel
R K
RK
Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California Irvine, USA.
Tirkanits
B
B
D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000601:surgery; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D013518:Surgery, Plastic