title: A double-blind, prospective, randomized study of glutamine-enriched compared with standard peptide-based feeding in critically ill patients.
abstract: Arterial and venous plasma amino acids were determined in 28 intensive care patients randomly assigned to receive 10 d of isoenergetic, isonitrogenous feedings that differed sixfold in glutamine content. Subjects were generally well-matched for age, injury severity, and disease diagnoses. Nasojejunal feedings were started within 48 h of admission. Data were analyzed from those 19 subjects still receiving > or = 50 mL feeding/h on day 5. Both groups had comparable gastric residuals, stool frequency, and delivered nitrogen and energy. At study initiation, all subjects had relative hypoaminoacidemia, with day 1 venous glutamine concentrations down 26% compared with reference values. Plasma glutamine rose to comparable concentrations with feeding of either diet. There were, however, significant (P < 0.05) increases in arterial or venous plasma total, indispensable, and branched-chain amino acids of 125-144% by day 5 only in patients fed the standard control diet. The phenylalanine-tyrosine ratio was elevated on day 1 in both groups (1.3-1.4) but decreased significantly only in the glutamine-supplemented group (1.1 compared with 1.4) by day 5. Glutamine supplementation blunted the hyperaminoacidemia and elevated aromatic amino acid response to injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Talabiska
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fish
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gianferante
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood*; D003422:Critical Care; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005973:Glutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D014193:Trauma Centers
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005973:Glutamine; D009584:Nitrogen