title: Anti-atherosclerotic effect of E5324, an inhibitor of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase, in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits.
abstract: E5324, n-butyl-N'-[2-[3-(5-ethyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)propoxy]-6- methylphenyl]urea, a novel and potent inhibitor of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), was evaluated for its anti-atherosclerotic and lipid-lowering effects in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits. At 3 months of age, 40 male WHHL rabbits were divided into 4 groups. The rabbits were fed a standard rabbit chow (control group), or standard rabbit chow containing E5324 (0.1% or 0.02%) or 1% probucol for 16 weeks. Even the high dose of E5324 did not lower the plasma total cholesterol levels throughout the experiment. Probucol slightly reduced the plasma cholesterol levels, and showed anti-atherosclerotic activity, i.e., reductions of atherosclerotic plaque formation and cholesterol content in the aorta. Although E5324 did not lower plasma cholesterol, atherosclerotic plaque formation in the aortic arch and thoracic aorta was reduced (by about 34% and 41%, respectively, at the high dose; P < 0.05). Cholesterol content in the aortic arch and thoracic aorta was also reduced (by about 59% and 62% at the high dose, respectively) compared with the control. These results suggest that E5324 acts directly on the arterial wall through ACAT inhibition, and prevents the progression of atherosclerosis in WHHL rabbits.
authors.affiliation: Eisai Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kogushi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saeki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hiyoshi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yanagimachi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshitake
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; C090175:E 5324; D002784:Cholesterol; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase