title: Retropharyngeal lymphadenopathy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study reports the incidence, numer, size and distribution of enlarged lateral retropharyngeal (LRP) nodes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred and fourteen patients with histopathologically proven NPC were staged prospectively with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). T1-weighted, gadolinium-DTPA enhanced, T2-weighted images and CT were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-one (80%) patients showed enlargement of both LRP and cervical nodes. LRP lymphadenopathy was detected in 59 (65%) of these 91 patients. A total of 347 neck nodes were identified. There were 72 enlarged LRP nodes (average 13 mm, range 6-34 mm). Sixteen groups of fused nodes were also seen (average 24 mm, range 15-40 m). Thirty-two patients (35%) with cervical lymphadenopathy showed no LRP lymphadenopathy. LRP nodes were seen at the following levels: C1, 35 (49%) nodes; C1/C2, 23 (32%); C2, 13 (18%) and C2/C3, one (1%). It is not known if all these nodes are due to metastasis or hyperplasia as no histopathological proof is available.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LRP lymphadenopathy may be seen in up to 65% of NPC patients with neck node enlargement. All the retropharyngeal nodes were located in the lateral group. Although medial retropharyngeal nodes are mentioned in the literature, they were not seen in this study. LRP nodes should be documented when surgical resection is contemplated in malignancy of the head and neck.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital.
authors.forename: V F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Khoo
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007472:Iohexol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D009333:Neck; D009336:Necrosis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010614:Pharynx / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D007472:Iohexol; C038192:iopromide; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA