title: Accessing genetic information with high-density DNA arrays.
abstract: Rapid access to genetic information is central to the revolution taking place in molecular genetics. The simultaneous analysis of the entire human mitochondrial genome is described here. DNA arrays containing up to 135,000 probes complementary to the 16.6-kilobase human mitochondrial genome were generated by light-directed chemical synthesis. A two-color labeling scheme was developed that allows simultaneous comparison of a polymorphic target to a reference DNA or RNA. Complete hybridization patterns were revealed in a matter of minutes. Sequence polymorphisms were detected with single-base resolution and unprecedented efficiency. The methods described are generic and can be used to address a variety of questions in molecular genetics including gene expression, genetic linkage, and genetic variability.
authors.affiliation: Affymetrix, 3380 Central Expressway, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hubbell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berno
authors.forename: X C
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lockhart
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Fodor
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001482:Base Composition; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D019793:Fluorescein; D005452:Fluoresceins; D015870:Gene Expression; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016678:Genome; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D010799:Phycoerythrin; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D005452:Fluoresceins; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D010799:Phycoerythrin; D019793:Fluorescein