title: Intrauterine transmission of hepatitis A virus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatitis A is a common, self-limited disease transmitted by fecal-oral contamination.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 23-year-old woman, para 2-0-0-2, developed hepatitis A at 20 weeks' gestation. At 27 weeks, ultrasound revealed polyhydramnios and fetal ascites. Hepatitis A immunoglobulin M antibody in fetal blood obtained by funipuncture confirmed acute hepatitis A infection in the fetus. Polyhydramnios and ascites persisted until 35 weeks, when the fetus developed ultrasound signs of meconium peritonitis, and delivery was accomplished uneventfully. Meconium peritonitis was diagnosed in the neonatal period and treated surgically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first report of intrauterine transmission of hepatitis A. The disease presented with fetal ascites and was confirmed by positive fetal blood serology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York Medical College/Westchester County Medical Center, Valhalla, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leikin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lysikiewicz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garry
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tejani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal