title: Further scientific evidence of the non-poisonous death of Napoleon.
abstract: Napoleon's death has been historically attributed to cancer of the stomach. This has been documented in numerous writings including those of Antommarchi, Henry, and Shortt, all of whom were present at Napoleon's autopsy in 1821. These documents have been well preserved and have been accepted by historians and scholars worldwide as the probable cause of Napoleon's death. In an earlier presentation, the senior author presented a detailed historical review of Napoleon's death in a paper entitled 'The Last Days and Hours of Napoleon-What Really Happened'. This was given at the famous 'Debate of the Century' at the Napoleonic Society Meeting in Chicago, Illinois, in September of 1994. This paper will concern itself more specifically with new scientific material giving additional support to the cancerous cause of Napoleon's death, and with the lack of evidence of any substance which could cause his death to be attributed to arsenic poisoning. Hairs previously untested and even unknown to exist provide the basis for this new evidence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Corso
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hindmarsh
mesh_terms: D020261:Arsenic Poisoning; D002423:Cause of Death; D005197:Famous Persons; D005602:France; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011041:Poisoning / Q000266:history; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000266:history*