title: Tracheobronchography in children.
abstract: Tracheobronchography (TBG) can provide anatomic information supplementing endoscopy in evaluating complex congenital and acquired tracheal abnormalities. With the use of modern non-ionic contrast agents and flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes, TBG can be performed safely and comfortably in children. As some tracheal lesions have a significant risk of mortality, obtaining maximum definition of the abnormality is imperative prior to attempting surgical management. Twenty-two patients underwent TBG at St. Christopher's Hospital for Children (Philadelphia) from July 1990 through June 1995. With the use of iohexol as a contrast agent, flexible bronchoscopes and adequate sedation and analgesia, without the need for intubation or general anesthesia, there were no significant complications or discomfort during or after the procedure. Techniques and illustrative radiographs are presented. TBG provides a useful adjunct to endoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Temple University School of Medicine and St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA 19134, USA.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Deutsch
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Smergel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Crisci
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Panitch
mesh_terms: D001980:Bronchi / Q000002:abnormalities; D001995:Bronchography; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007472:Iohexol; D008297:Male; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014132:Trachea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007472:Iohexol