Cytomegalovirus modulates interleukin-6 gene expression.
Complications after lung transplantation include the development of rejection and an increased incidence of infection, particularly with cytomegalovirus (CMV). Several recent studies have suggested that interleukin (IL)-6 may be used to detect both infection and rejection after lung transplantation. In addition, IL-6 may play a role in the development of bronchiolitis obliterans after transplantation. Because CMV is also associated with the development of bronchiolitis obliterans after transplantation, we determined whether CMV induces IL-6 gene expression. We demonstrated that CMV infection increased both IL-6 protein and mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We also demonstrated that the CMV immediate early 1 gene product increased expression of the IL-6 promoter. This effect of the CMV immediate early 1 gene product was dependent upon the presence of specific transcription factor binding sites in the IL-6 promoter. These studies demonstrate that CMV may be an important cofactor in the development of rejection and infection after transplantation through its effects on IL-6.
Geist
L J
LJ
Department of Medicine, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Dai
L Y
LY
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D003587:Cytomegalovirus; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D050656:Transcription Factor AP-2; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D014764:Viral Proteins
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C088645:IE1 protein, cytomegalovirus; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050656:Transcription Factor AP-2; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014764:Viral Proteins; D000242:Cyclic AMP