title: Computer simulation of crystal-liquid interface: application to wettability of solids.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study describes the development and application of a molecular simulation technique for investigating the solid-liquid interface. It attempts to relate the molecular and crystal structure to the observed wettability of solids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Molecular simulations have been carried out for the crystal-water interface of a series of N-n-alkyl-D-gluconamide crystals using the Monte Carlo technique. The molecular system simulated consisted of a layer of water bounded by two crystal slabs. The interfacial potential energies were calculated for the crystal-water interactions and compared with experimental enthalpy values obtained from contact angle measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The simulations clearly reveal the distinct hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature of the respective (010) and (010) faces of these compounds. The distribution of water at the interface observed in the simulations is in accord with the nature of the crystal faces. The calculated interfacial potential energies are in the right ball park, but consistently higher than the experimental values. The disparity, however, is justifiable, resulting from the highly simplified model simulated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using the developed molecular simulation technique one can calculate the wettability of a solid given the crystal structure. This approach represents an important step towards the goal of engineering crystals with desired wettability characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, King's College London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khoshkhoo
mesh_terms: D005942:Gluconates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013816:Thermodynamics; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D005942:Gluconates; D012997:Solvents