title: Behavioral interventions for reduction of sexually transmitted disease/HIV transmission among female commercial sex workers and clients in Bali, Indonesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe and evaluate a behavioral intervention targeted to low-price female commercial sex workers (CSW) in large brothel complexes, their pimps, and their male clients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fieldwork was conducted during 1994 in Bali, Indonesia. Intervention activities included an education program for CSW, pimp training, condom sales and distribution, and client media. Theoretical perspectives guiding the intervention were the Health Belief Model and social cognitive theory. Baseline and evaluation surveys were conducted to evaluate the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both AIDS and sexually transmitted disease (STD) knowledge increased significantly over the intervention period. Condom use for vaginal sex with paid partners the day before the interview increased substantially in the two intervention areas: 18-75% and 29-62%. Condom use also increased in the control area, although the difference between baseline and evaluation measures was smaller. Multivariate analyses indicated that programmatic factors such as attendance at education sessions and reading the project brochure were related to condom use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increasing community knowledge and awareness among low-price CSW, pimps, and clients regarding AIDS and STD using trained outreach workers is feasible and effective. In summary, this study has documented the effectiveness of a behavioral intervention for CSW and their clients.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Wirawan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fajans
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meliawan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thorpe
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D000328:Adult; D017280:Condoms; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D008297:Male; D011477:Sex Work; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission