Stabilising oral poliovaccine at high ambient temperatures.
The oral poliovaccine strains lose infectivity when they are stored above refrigerator temperatures. These losses increase rapidly at the high temperatures encountered in tropical countries, thus causing problems if the cold chain is inadequate. Attempts to minimise these losses have generally relied on the addition of salts such as MgCl2. In this paper we show that the fail in infectivity, which is due to the hydrolysis of the genomic RNA by the RNA polymerase within the virus particle, can be greatly inhibited by the suppression of this enzymatic activity. This can be achieved simply by reducing the pH below 7.
Newman
J F
JF
Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Tirrell
S
S
Ullman
C
C
Piatti
P G
PG
Brown
F
F
D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D015636:Magnesium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000737:chemistry; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase; D012034:Refrigeration; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins; D015636:Magnesium Chloride; C090443:polymerase 3Dpol, poliovirus; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases