title: Positive identification in situ of mRNA expression of IL-6, and IL-12, and the chemotactic cytokine RANTES in patients with chronic sinusitis and polypoid disease. Clinical relevance and relation to allergy.
abstract: Interleukins 6 (IL-6) and 12 (IL-12), and the chemoattractant chemokine RANTES were studied in ethmoidal mucosa, using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The 49 patients had chronic sinusitis or nasal/paranasal polyposis, and some also allergy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates RANTES and IL-12 on mRNA level in human sinonasal mucosa in situ. mRNA for IL-6, IL-12 and RANTES were detected in 2, 8 and 6 patients with chronic sinusitis, respectively, and in mucosa from patients with polyposis a positive expression was observed in 4, 14 and 10 cases. There were no statistically significant differences. Analysing the entire group of 49 patients, disregarding type of mucosal disease, the number of patients with positive RANTES was significantly higher than that for IL-6. Similarly, IL-12 positivity was more frequently expressed than IL-6. mRNA for IL-6 was expressed in only 2 of the allergic patients. The cytokine production studied thus seems to be unrelated to the clinically defined entities. There is thus a local production in human diseased sinonasal mucosa of RANTES, as well as of IL-6 and IL-12. The local production of RANTES is an important prerequisite for recruitment and migration of inflammatory cells into the tissue. IL-12 is a co-stimulator of antigen-specific responses of established T helper 1 (Th1) clones, and regulates the responsiveness of the clones to a number of T cell growth factors. The study supports a shift towards Th1 cells in these disease entities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Center Hospital, Orebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Davidsson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Danielsen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Viale
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olofsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dell'Orto
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pellegrini
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Hellquist
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002465:Cell Movement; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D000939:Epitopes; D005005:Ethmoid Sinus / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011127:Polyps / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D000939:Epitopes; D006133:Growth Substances; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018664:Interleukin-12