title: Clinical similarity and biological diversity in the response to alprazolam in patients with panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.
abstract: Thirty-six patients with panic disorder (PD) and 35 patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) participated in an open alprazolam treatment phase that preceded controlled withdrawal from alprazolam. Clinical ratings, blood pressure and heart rate were obtained along with plasma measurements of cortisol, ACTH, growth hormone and catecholamines. A similar clinical response profile was evident in both groups with rapid onset of improvement within the first week. The two diagnostic groups differed in their biological response to alprazolam. PD patients had a significant reduction in blood pressure, plasma cortisol and a trend toward significant reduction in plasma epinephrine, which were not seen in the GAD patients. GAD patients showed a significant reduction in plasma norepinephrine. These findings provide further evidence that PD and GAD are biologically distinct syndromes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Medical Center and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zinder
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Colin
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zilberman
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lenox
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000525:Alprazolam / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D002395:Catecholamines; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D013006:Growth Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D009638:Norepinephrine; D000525:Alprazolam