title: Adenosine kinase inhibitors augment release of adenosine from spinal cord slices.
abstract: Inhibitors of adenosine kinase, but not adenosine deaminase, produce antinociception when administered spinally. In this study, we evaluated the relative contribution of adenosine kinase and adenosine deaminase to the regulation of adenosine release into the extracellular space within the spinal cord by determining the effects of the adenosine kinase inhibitors 5'-amino-5'-deoxyadenosine and 5-iodotubercidin, and the adenosine deaminase inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin on adenosine release from spinal cord slices in an in vitro perfusion system. Both 5'-amino-5'-deoxyadenosine (5-50 microM) and 5-iodotubercidin (5-50 microM), but not 2'-deoxycoformycin (50 microM), augmented adenosine release. 5-Iodotubercidin was slightly more potent and effective than 5'-amino-5'-deoxyadenosine in augmenting release except at the highest concentration, where it was considerably more effective. Combinations of 2'-deoxycoformycin (50 microM) and minimally active concentrations of 5'-amino-5'-deoxyadenosine and 5-iodotubercidin (5 microM each) produced a synergistic enhancement of release. These results support a predominant involvement of adenosine kinase in regulating extracellular adenosine levels in the spinal cord, but adenosine deaminase also can play a significant role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Golembiowska
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sawynok
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; D000248:Adenosine Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D003839:Deoxyadenosines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D015649:Pentostatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014372:Tubercidin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; D003839:Deoxyadenosines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C057928:5'-amino-5'-deoxyadenosine; C034214:5-iodotubercidin; D015649:Pentostatin; D000248:Adenosine Kinase; D000241:Adenosine; D014372:Tubercidin