title: NDF induces expression of a novel 46 kD protein in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells.
abstract: Most human breast tumors start as estrogen-dependent, but during the course of the disease become refractory to hormone therapy. The transition of breast tumors from estrogen dependent to independent behavior may be regulated by autocrine and/or paracrine growth factor(s) that are independent of the estrogen receptor (ER). We have investigated the role(s) of NDF (neu-differentiation factor) in the biology of estrogen positive breast cancer cells by using MCF-7 cells as a model system. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with human recombinant NDF-beta 2 (NDF) inhibited the ER expression by 70% and this was associated with growth stimulation in an estrogen-independent manner. To explore the mechanism(s) of action of NDF in MCF-7 cells, we examined the expression of NDF-inducible gene products. We report here that NDF stimulated the levels of expression of a 46 kD protein (p46) (in addition to few minor proteins) in ER positive breast cancer cells including MCF-7, T-47-D, and ZR-75-R cells but not in ER negative breast cancer cells including MDA-231, SK-BR-3, and MDA-468 cells. This effect of NDF was due to induction in the rate of synthesis of new p46. The observed NDF-mediated induction of p46 expression was specific as there was no such effect by epidermal growth factor or 17-beta-estradiol, and inclusion of actinomycin D partially inhibited the p46 induction elicited by NDF. NDF-inducible stimulation of p46 expression was an early event (2-6 h) which preceded the period of down-regulation of ER expression by NDF. These results support the existence of NDF-responsive specific cellular pathway(s) that may regulate ER, and these interactions could play a role(s) in hormone-independence of ER positive breast cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ratzkin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lipton
mesh_terms: D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020880:Neuregulins; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000235:genetics; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020880:Neuregulins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone