title: Guidelines for the use of tacrine in Alzheimer's disease: clinical application and effectiveness. Johns Hopkins Dementia Research Clinic.
abstract: The efficacy of tacrine for treatment of Alzheimer's has been demonstrated in several clinical trials but has not been assessed in cases complicated by medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Additionally, the benefit-risk ratio of tacrine is small, so it is best administered with carefully developed guidelines that specify this ratio for patients and families. On the basis of guidelines developed for the Johns Hopkins Dementia Research Clinic, tacrine treatment was offered to 162 patients with probable Alzheimer's. Only 35 accepted, and only 22 continued on tacrine beyond 3 months. The latter group declined by 1.36 points over 1 year on the Mini-Mental State Examination, significantly less than expected. The authors conclude that, if used in the context of clinical guidelines, tacrine is an effective treatment for Alzheimer's.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University and Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Lyketsos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Corazzini
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Kraus
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013619:Tacrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018697:Nootropic Agents; D013619:Tacrine