title: Cardiovascular and pulmonary effects of aerosolized prostacyclin administration in severe respiratory failure using a ventilator nebulization system.
abstract: We investigated the effects of aerosolized prostacyclin (PGI2) administration on hemodynamics and pulmonary gas exchange in 8 patients with severe respiratory failure and acute pulmonary hypertension. Nebulization of epoprostenol (5 ng/kg body weight for 15 min) decreased mean pulmonary blood pressure from 41.2 +/- 6.7 mm Hg (mean +/- SD, before administration) to 36.1 +/- 6 mm Hg < or = 15 min (p < 0.05). The effect was reversed 10 min after discontinuation of PGI2 (40.9 +/- 6.3 mm Hg). Pulmonary vascular resistance index (339 +/- 138 dynes.s.cm-5.m2, before administration) was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced < or = 15 min (260 +/- 89 dynes.s.cm-5.m2) and increased again after discontinuation of PGI2 (341 +/- 142 dynes.s.cm-5.m2). The ratio of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) increased from 119 +/- 34 mm Hg (before administration) to 163 +/- 76 mm Hg (15 min after initiation of administration p < 0.05) and was reduced after PGI2 discontinuation (116 +/- 35 mm Hg). Heart rate, mean blood pressure, central venous pressure, and pulmonary arterial wedge pressure remained unchanged, whereas cardiac index was slightly reduced. We assume that PGI2 aerosolization is a beneficial technique, applied with a ventilator nebulization system. The beneficial effect might be caused by selective pulmonary vasodilatation in well-ventilated areas of the lung.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital, University of Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bein
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keyl
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sendtner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D011464:Epoprostenol