title: Production of interleukin-10 in human fracture soft-tissue hematomas.
abstract: Clinical trauma suppresses immunity and experimental wound fluids have been shown to be immunosuppressive. To ascertain whether human wounds contain immunosuppressive cytokines, we assayed serum from fracture/soft-tissue hematomas (FSTH) of 22 patients for interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1, and IL-4. Results were correlated to concurrent plasma cytokine concentrations in the same patients and in volunteer plasma. IL-10 was present in high concentration (1376 +/- 539 pg/mL) in all (7/7) FSTH < 24 h old. In FSTH > 24 h old, IL-10 was found intermittently and at lower levels (239 +/- 106 pg/mL, p = .011 vs. FSTH < 24 h old). IL-10 was rarely detectable in fracture patient plasma and never detectable (< 20 pg/mL) in normal plasma. No significant variations of IL-4 or total TGF-beta 1 were found in FSTH or plasma. FSTH are significant potential sources of IL-10 activity in trauma patients, which may be overlooked when only plasma is assayed. The potential for a relationship between cytokines found locally at sites of injury and clinical immune modulation in trauma requires further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kregor
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Devidas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hughes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D006406:Hematoma / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood; D016268:Internal Fixators; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010384:Pelvic Bones; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4