title: A noncompetitive enzyme immunoassay (hetero-two-site enzyme immunoassay) for salmon calcitonin: determination of the bioavailability of subcutaneous salmon calcitonin and its correlation with the hypocalcemic activity in rats.
abstract: A noncompetitive enzyme immunoassay method (hetero-two-site enzyme immunoassay) for salmon calcitonin (SCT) and its usability for the pharmacokinetic study are described. The method in brief proceeds as follows: centrifugal filtration through a polysaccharide membrane to remove plasma proteins, biotinylation, trapping onto an anti-SCT IgG-coated polystyrene ball, acid elution, coupling with affinity-purified anti-SCT Fab'-peroxidase conjugate, final trapping onto streptavidin-coated polystyrene balls, and measurement of peroxidase activity bound to the balls by fluorometry. The practical detection limit of SCT was 0.1 pg (30 amol)/assay and 2 pg/ml as the assay sample's concentration, which was at least fivefold lower than those previously reported by competitive radioimmunoassays. The application of this method has enabled us to 1) directly estimate the bioavailability of SCT dosed subcutaneously at the therapeutic levels (1.2 and 4.7 micrograms/kg) for its antiosteoporotic effect as compared to an intravenous dose (1.2 micrograms/kg) and 2) search for the relationship between blood level and the hypocalcemic activity of SCT. The pharmacokinetic parameters of subcutaneous SCT (1.2 and 4.7 micrograms/kg) thus estimated were as follows: the area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) = 89 and 550 pg.hr/ml, and mean residence time (MRT) = 44 and 65 minutes, respectively, when the AUC for an intravenous SCT (1.2 micrograms/kg) = 160 pg.hr/ml and the MRT = 10 minutes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamuta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watabe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012474:Salmon; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D002116:Calcitonin