title: Effect of vertical loading on energy cost and kinematics of running in trained male subjects.
abstract: This investigation examined, in a group of 10 trained male runners, the effect of vertical loading during level treadmill running at a velocity of 5 m/s. The net energy cost of running (Cr), the external work of the center of mass of the body (Wext; both expressed in J.kg-1.m-1), and the eccentric-to-concentric ratio (Ecc/Con) of integrated electromyographic activity for the vastus lateralis (VL) and gastrocnemius lateralis muscles were measured. It was observed that Wext and Ecc/Con for the VL could explain a large part of the interindividual variations in Cr. This result reinforces the hypothesis that Ecc/Con could be a good index of effectiveness in the stretch-shortening cycle. When the subjects ran with a vertical load of 9.3% of their body mass, Cr and Wext were significantly reduced (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively), whereas Ecc/Con for the VL and gastrocnemius lateralis remained unchanged. The variations in Cr and Wext due to vertical loading were significantly correlated (r = 0.75; P < 0.01). It was then concluded that the significant improvement of Cr observed with the added load was mainly due to the fact that Wext was significantly decreased.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie--Groupement d'Intérêt Public Exercise, Lyon-Sud, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bourdin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Belli
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Arsac
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bosco
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lacour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*