title: Methylecgonidine coats the crack particle.
abstract: Crack is a form of cocaine base self-administered by smoking. When heated, it volatilizes and may partially pyrolyze to methylecgonidine (MEG). Upon cooling, a condensation aerosol forms. Heating cocaine base in model crack pipes produced particles of about 1 micron in diameter, regardless of the amount heated; however, MEG concentration increased from < or = 2% at 10 mg per heating to as much as 5% at 30 mg per heating. Methylecgonidine was < or = 1% of the recovered material when cocaine was vaporized off a heated wire coil, but the particles were larger (2-5 microns), and the distribution disperse. The vapor pressure of MEG was higher [log P(mm Hg) = 9.994 - 3530/T] than cocaine base, consistent with MEG coating the droplet during condensation, and with evaporation during aging or dilution. Disappearance of MEG from a chamber filled with crack smoke was a two-component process, one proceeding at the rate of cocaine particle removal, and the other at the desorption rate from other surfaces. Particle diameter influences the deposition site in the respiratory tract; thus, the likely different patterns of deposition in the respiratory tract of humans and animals of crack aerosols produced by different techniques warrant consideration, as they may influence our understanding of immediate and delayed sequelae of the inhalation of cocaine and its pyrolysis product, MEG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Medical Center, Tuxedo 10987, USA.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shojaie
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Graefe
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000336:Aerosols; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D016578:Crack Cocaine / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D016578:Crack Cocaine; C068464:anhydroecgonine methyl ester; D003042:Cocaine