title: Complex posttraumatic stress disorder: an exploratory investigation of PTSD and DES NOS among Dutch war veterans.
abstract: The recently developed concept Disorder of Extreme Stress Not Otherwise Specified (DES NOS) or complex posttraumatic stress disorder (complex PTSD) is designed to encompass long-standing symptoms not present in PTSD. An exploratory investigation of PTSD and DES NOS was performed with the Structured Clinical Interview for PTSD and for DES NOS in a small sample of Dutch war veterans with combat experience. Both PTSD and DES NOS symptoms were frequently reported. About 67% of the veterans met criteria for PTSD and 38% met criteria for DES NOS. DES NOS appeared to be associated with PTSD. Several DES NOS subcategories proved more important than others for distinguishing "simple" PTSD from complex PTSD.
authors.affiliation: Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Department of Psychiatry, GA Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jongedijk
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Carlier
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Schreuder
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Gersons
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*