Identification and characterization of the promoter for the human metastasis suppressor gene nm23-H1.
The nm23-H1 gene, localized to chromosome 17q21-22, has been demonstrated in transfection experiments to significantly inhibit the metastatic potential of melanoma and breast carcinoma cell lines. In this study, we report the isolation, sequencing and partial characterization of the nm23-H1 promoter. The nm23-H1 promoter has no TATA box, but it contains a number of sequences which may bind known transcriptional regulatory proteins (AP-1, CTF/NF1, ACAAAG, and Ets). We have also identified two nonconsensus transcriptional start sites within one of the Ets binding sites. Nuclear proteins from HeLa cells bound specifically to a 95 bp region of the nm23-H1 promoter which harbors the CTF/NF1 recognition consensus sequence, suggesting that CTF/NF1 may play a role in nm23-H1 expression.
de la Rosa
A
A
Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Mikhak
B
B
Steeg
P S
PS
D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 / Q000235:genetics; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005354:Fibrosarcoma / Q000235:genetics; D015723:Gene Library; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; C077305:CTF-1 transcription factor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D014157:Transcription Factors; C080333:transcription factor nuclear factor 1; C517938:NME1 protein, human; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins