title: Effects of exogenous transforming growth factor-beta 1 on spinal cord injury in rats.
abstract: This study was undertaken to examine the effect of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) administered into the subarachnoid space after spinal cord injury (SCI) on the increased production of inducible-nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) in the injured spinal cord in rats. The expression of i-NOS mRNA after SCI was remarkably down-regulated by TGF-beta 1 in vivo. Rats treated with TGF-beta 1 showed a better outcome regarding hindlimb motor dysfunction in the first 5 days after injury compared to the saline-treated rats. However, the final outcome was not better and fibrous scar formation in the injured spinal cord was more evident, which was demonstrated as increased immunoreactivity of fibronectin in the later stage after SCI. These results provide evidence of both positive and negative contributions of TGF-beta 1 to the pathology associated with SCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsutsumishita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuzawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000473:pathology; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000032:analysis; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008297:Male; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010291:Paresis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013346:Subarachnoid Space; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005353:Fibronectins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase