Cardioprotection by dexrazoxane (Cardioxane; ICRF 187): progress in supportive care.
The dose-limiting toxicity of the widely used anticancer agent, doxorubicin, is a destructive, irreversible and progressive cardiomyopathy. Prevention of this cardiotoxicity without reduction of antitumour efficacy or the production of new toxicities has therefore been a long-time therapeutic goal. It has now been largely achieved by prior administration of dexrazoxane (DXRz; Cardioxane in Europe; Zinecard in North America; ICRF 187). Six randomized, controlled clinical trials in breast and lung cancer and in soft tissue sarcomas of children have shown a 90% reduction in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. The results of all these trials lead to the conclusion that DXRz permits: (1) cardiotoxic doses of doxorubicin to be given without cardiotoxicity; (2) patients with increased cardiac risk factors to be treated with full doses of dioxorubicin; (3) second-line treatment with other cardiotoxic drugs.
Hellmann
K
K
Windleshaw House, Withyham, East Sussex, UK.
D000328:Adult; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011929:Razoxane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D011929:Razoxane; D004317:Doxorubicin