title: Stress and the progression of periodontal disease.
abstract: This study examined the association between occupational stress and the progression of periodontitis in employed adults. 23 regular dental attenders, enrolled in a longitudinal study of periodontal disease, were examined on 2 occasions at an interval of 5.5 (SD 0.6) years. The mean age at the 2nd examination was 41.1 (SD 7.3) years. Clinical measurements of periodontal status including clinical attachment level were made at four proximal sites on all teeth. A questionnaire, the occupational stress indicator, was used at the second examination to assess stress retrospectively. The mean change in clinical attachment level was 0.63 (SD 0.42) mm and 9.6 (SD 8.6)% of sites measured at both examination lost > or = 3 mm of periodontal attachment. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between mean loss of periodontal attachment and measures of occupational stress and sociodemographic data. In the final regression model, an increase in loss of periodontal attachment was significantly predicted by increasing age, lower socio-economic status, lower job satisfaction and type A personality. In addition, locus of control was included in the regression model which explained 65% of the variance in the loss of periodontal attachment. The results suggest that occupational stress may have a relationship to the progression of periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Restorative Dentistry (Periodontics), School of Clinical Dentistry, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Linden
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Mullally
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Freeman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000523:psychology*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000523:psychology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012923:Social Class; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*; D014434:Type A Personality