title: Relationship of genetic instability with immunoreactivities for p53 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the relationship between genetic instability and tumor development in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  The genetic instability as assessed by 2c deviation index (2cDI) and 5c exceeding rate (5cER) was compared with immunoreactivities for p53 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in specimens obtained from 65 patients with primary untreated TCCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both p53 and PCNA immunoreactivities significantly correlated with histological grade as well as stage. The immunoreactivity of p53 significantly correlated with that of PCNA, while a dissociation of the positive correlation between p53 immunoreactivity and PCNA expression was noted in the TCCs with high 2cDI value (> or = 2.0) and/or high 5cER (> or = 10%). In addition, PCNA expression became higher as the genetic instability increased, however, the p53 immunoreactivity was not parallel with the change of genetic instability. Moreover, some TCCs with high genetic instability (2cDI > or = 2.0 and 5cER > or = 10%) showed concomitant expression of high PCNA and low p53 protein, whose clinical outcome was poor in general.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inactivation of p53 may represent a rather early event in the development of TCC of the bladder. However, the proliferative activity in itself rather than the effect due to a specific alteration in p53 plays an important role in the development and progression in TCC of the bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shimane Medical University, Izumo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiina
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urakami
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirakawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishibe
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D019044:Image Cytometry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53