title: Plasma concentrations of dihydro-vitamin K1 following dietary intake of a hydrogenated vitamin K1-rich vegetable oil.
abstract: Dihydro-vitamin K1 is a dietary form of vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) produced during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils. To determine if dihydro-vitamin K1 is present in plasma following dietary intake of a hydrogenated fat, eight healthy adults consumed each of two diets containing 30% of calories from fat, of which 20% was either soybean oil or a partially hydrogenated soybean oil-based stick margarine. Of the fats and oils analyzed, dihydro-vitamin K1 was only found in the hydrogenated products. The soybean oil diet contained 180 +/- 12 micrograms (mean +/- SD) of vitamin K1/day and nondetectable levels of dihydro-vitamin K1, whereas the stick margarine diet contained 199 +/- 7 micrograms of vitamin K1/day and 23 +/- 2 micrograms of dihydro-vitamin K1/day. After consuming each diet for five weeks, plasma dihydro-vitamin K1 concentrations were higher (P = 0.002) in all eight subjects when consuming the stick margarine diet (0.56 +/- 0.33 nmol/L) compared to the soybean oil diet (0.12 +/- 0.11 nmol/L). There was no significant change in plasma vitamin K1 concentrations when the two diets were compared. In conclusion, dihydro-vitamin K1 is detectable in plasma following dietary intake of a hydrogenated vitamin K1-rich vegetable oil.
authors.affiliation: Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lichtenstein
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sadowski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004435:Eating; D005223:Fats / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006865:Hydrogenation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D010837:Vitamin K 1 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005223:Fats; C028843:vitamin K1 hydroquinone; D013024:Soybean Oil; D010837:Vitamin K 1