title: Promoting effects of phenobarbital on the enzyme-altered foci induced by intrahepatic gamma-ray-irradiation in the rat liver.
abstract: Radiation-induced carcinogenesis of the rat liver using iridium-192 seeds as an intrahepatic radioactive source was studied by enzyme histochemical means. Rats were divided into six groups according to various combinations of one or two iridium-192 or stainless steel seeds and whether they were given a diet containing 0.05% phenobarbital (PB) or a basal diet (BD). Each group were sacrificed at 20, 40, and 60 weeks after intrahepatic insertion of the iridium-192 or stainless steel seeds. gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) were stained in the liver tissues, and GGT-positive foci were quantified. Liver neoplasm was not evident, but enzyme-altered foci (EAF) were induced by gamma-ray irradiation. At every point (20, 40, and 60 weeks) after the insertion of the seeds, the GGT-positive area was larger in the rats given than those given BD. Moreover, despite the iridium-192 radioactivity decay, EAF developed continuously in the rats given PB, and persisted in those given BD from 40 to 60 weeks after insertion. These results indicated that phenobarbital promotes the development of EAF initiated by irradiation, as it promotes the process of chemical carcinogenesis in the rat liver.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ida
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneko
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000201:enzymology*; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D010634:Phenobarbital