title: Bacterial challenge of NISSHO ultrafilter ETF 609: results of in vitro testing.
abstract: In hemodialysis, a certain degree of bacterial contamination on the dialysate side is a regular finding. Concern has been growing that this contamination may lead to a chronic inflammatory response in the patient. Ultrafiltration of dialysate can be used to reduce bacterial content and levels of cytokine-inducing substances upstream of the patient's dialyzer. The aim of this study was to test in vitro the rejection capacity of a polysulfone hollow-fiber ultrafilter (ETF 609, NISSHO Co., Osaka, Japan) challenged with bacterial filtrates derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA103. Results showed a reduction of interleukin-1 beta-inducing activity (measured on peripheral blood mononuclear cells) from 5,035 +/- 394 pg/ml prefilter to nondetectable levels postfilter and endotoxin levels (limulus amebocyte lysate assay) of 4,167 +/- 1,079 versus 12 +/- 2 pg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, ultrafiltration of dialysate with the polysulfone ultrafilter ETF 609 leads to a potent reduction of cytokine-inducing activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Medical School of Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krautzig
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lonnemann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shaldon
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D004731:Endotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers / Q000378:metabolism; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000473:pathology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000378:metabolism; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000592:standards; D013450:Sulfones / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D013450:Sulfones; C017662:polysulfone P 1700