Shifting attention from objective risk factors to patients' self-assessed health resources: a clinical model for general practice.
The study was designed to present and apply theoretical and empirical knowledge for the construction of a clinical model intended to shift the attention of the general practitioner from objective risk factors to self-assessed health resources in male and female patients. Review, discussion and analysis of selected theoretical models about personal health resources involving assessing existing theories according to their emphasis concerning self-assessed vs. doctor-assessed health resources, specific health resources vs. life and coping in general, abstract vs. clinically applicable theory, gender perspective explicitly included or not. Relevant theoretical models on health and coping (salutogenesis, coping and social support, control/demand, locus of control, health belief model, quality of life), and the perspective of the underprivileged Other (critical theory, feminist standpoint theory, the patient-centred clinical method) were presented and assessed. Components from Antonovsky's salutogenetic perspective and McWhinney's patient-centred clinical method, supported by gender perspectives, were integrated to a clinical model which is presented. General practitioners are recommended to shift their attention from objective risk factors to self-assessed health resources by means of the clinical model. The relevance and feasibility of the model should be explored in empirical research.
Hollnagel
H
H
Research Unit for General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Malterud
K
K
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D005194:Family Practice / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010358:Patient Participation; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012944:Social Support; D014933:Women's Rights