title: Rapid HLA-DQB1 genotyping for four alleles in the assessment of risk for IDDM in the Finnish population. The Childhood Diabetes in Finland (DiMe) Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effectiveness of MHC genotyping in the assessment of risk for IDDM based on the identification of alleles that are significantly associated with risk for IDDM (DQB1 *0302 and *0201) and protection from it (DQB1 *0602/*0603 and *0301).
  
  
  METHODS
  A long series of 649 index cases of IDDM, together with their healthy siblings and 756 healthy blood donors, was collected in Finland. The samples were analyzed using a large-scale assay procedure that was developed for rapid screening purposes. The method utilizes time-resolved fluorometry to detect the hybridization of lanthanide-labeled allele-specific oligonucleotide probes with amplified gene product.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 61.9% of IDDM index cases had high risk (DQB1 *0201/*0302) or moderate risk (DQB1 *0302/x [x meaning DQB1 *0302 or a nondefined allele]) genotypes compared with 14.3% of the reference population. In patients and control subjects, the frequencies of low risk genotypes were 28.0 and 22.1%, respectively, and those of decreased risk genotypes, 10.0 and 63.6%. The relative risk of a *0201/*0302 genotype was 53.5 (31.1-92.8) compared with the decreased risk genotypes (63.6% of controls). The graded risk estimation was equally efficient in assessing the risk of IDDM in siblings of child with IDDM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The near-automatic typing procedure developed is attractive for large-scale screening projects, such as diabetes prevention and intervention trials.
authors.affiliation: Turku Immunology Center, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ilonen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reijonen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Herva
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sjöroos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iitiä
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lövgren
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Veijola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knip
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Akerblom
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D004247:DNA / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005838:Genotype; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D006801:Humans; D009679:Nuclear Family; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen; D004247:DNA