title: High-performance liquid chromatographic assay for common sunscreening agents in cosmetic products, bovine serum albumin solution and human plasma.
abstract: This paper reports the development of a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for quantifying five of the most common sunscreen agents, namely 2-ethylhexyl-p-dimethyl aminobenzoate (Escalol 507), 2-ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate (Parsol MCX); 4-tert.-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol 1789), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-3 (oxybenzone) and 2-ethylhexyl-salicylate (octylsalicylate). The assay permits analysis of the sunscreen agents in formulations and in biological fluids, including bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution, a common additive to in vitro skin diffusion cell receptor fluids, as well as human plasma. Separation was achieved using an ODS C154 column with a methanol-water (88:12) mobile phase. The analytes were detected by ultraviolet light absorption at a wavelength of 315 nm. The assay was linear with minimum detectable limits, calculated as greater than 3-times the baseline noise level: for oxybenzone and Escalol 507, 0.05 microgram/ml; for Parsol 1789 and Parsol MCX, 0.1 microgram/ml; for octylsalicylate, 1 microgram/ml. Recoveries from both plasma and 2% BSA were within the range 89-107%. The inter- and intra-day coefficients of variation for the five agents were not more than 4% at the upper end of the linear range and not more than 10% at the lower end. Preliminary stability studies of the sunscreen agents in a commercial product and in two diffusion cell receptor fluids were also conducted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Hayden
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Prankerd
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Benson
mesh_terms: D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001565:Benzoates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002138:Calibration; D002417:Cattle; D047188:Chalcones; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry; D004355:Drug Stability; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D011427:Propiophenones; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012459:Salicylates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013472:Sunlight; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D062366:para-Aminobenzoates
chemical_list: D001565:Benzoates; D001577:Benzophenones; D047188:Chalcones; D002934:Cinnamates; D003358:Cosmetics; D011427:Propiophenones; D012459:Salicylates; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D062366:para-Aminobenzoates; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D000431:Ethanol; C103422:2-ethylhexyl salicylate; C118580:octylmethoxycinnamate; C005290:oxybenzone; C049935:avobenzone; D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid; C041981:padimate-O