title: Environmental causes of cancer among Native Americans.
abstract: Age-adjusted mortality from cancer is steadily increasing among Native Americans, raising concern about environmental causes. Toxic waste dumps, mining activities, paper mills, military activities, agricultural chemicals, and urban pollution are common sources of carcinogen exposure on reservations and among the urban poor. Despite documented hazards, we do not see a pattern of cancer excess that might result if Native Americans were exposed to these carcinogens more than other Americans. Abuse of tobacco can be shown to be the most important contributor to cancer mortality among Native Americans. Although there are good reasons for environmental regulation and clean-up, the most cost-effective method of cancer prevention is tobacco control.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Indian Health Service, Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cobb
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000413:Alaska; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000009:adverse effects; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004930:Inuit / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental