title: Knowledge of cellular receptors for bacterial endotoxin--1995.
abstract: Septic shock due to infections with gram-negative bacteria remains a major clinical problem for infectious disease specialists, although our understanding of the pathophysiology of this syndrome has improved greatly over the past 5 years. The discovery of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein, a serum protein that catalyses the transfer of LPS to cellular receptors for LPS, was a major breakthrough. The finding that CD14, a glycophosphatidylinositol-linked membrane protein expressed by macrophages, is a receptor for LPS has made a major difference in our understanding of cellular activation by LPS. We will review studies dealing with LPS's binding to these proteins and its activation of cells. A better understanding of septic shock at the molecular level should lead to the development of new treatments for this lethal disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of California-San Diego School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Viriyakosol
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirkland
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein; C048071:endotoxin receptor