title: [Carotid endarterectomy without angiography].
abstract: Duplex scanning has emerged as an accurate noninvasive method of evaluating patients with extracranial cerebrovascular disease; it has research, clinical and economic implications. The risks associated with cerebral angiography are numerous and well-known. During 1990-1995, 227 carotid endarterectomies (CEA) were performed without preoperative arteriography in 192 patients. 91% were performed under local anesthesia. Indications for surgery without angiography were: renal insufficiency (in 5), allergy to contrast material (11), and need for urgent surgery (25). In 81% CEA was performed due to the preference of both the neurologist and surgeon. In only 2 cases there was a discrepancy in duplex evaluation. 3 patients had postoperative strokes (total stroke rate 1.56%), only 1 of which was disabling (0.52%). 2 died during the immediate postoperative period (mortality 1.04%): 1 on the 2nd postoperative day due to asphyxia caused by a huge neck hematoma which appeared suddenly after discharge (related death, 0.52%); the other died several days after coronary surgery which followed CEA (unrelated death). Our study confirms that patients with well-defined symptoms, appropriate physical findings, and concurrent CT and duplex scans, can safely undergo CEA without preoperative angiography. It is extremely important however, that the duplex scan be a reliable study from a laboratory which has validated its results by sequential comparison of previous duplex and angiographic data. Angiography remains appropriate in patients with atypical symptoms; with conflicting findings between history, physical and duplex data; when there is proximal disease; or in an asymptomatic patient when the duplex scan suggests total occlusion.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Surgery Dept., Elias Sourasky-Tel Aviv Medical Center.
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Shifrin
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Bornstein
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morag
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zelmanovich
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aronovich
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000792:Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D003287:Contrast Media; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media