title: Treating major depression in primary care practice. Eight-month clinical outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We studied whether standardized treatments of major depression whose efficacy was established with psychiatric patients are equally effective when provided to primary care patients, and whether standardized treatments are more effective than a primary care physician's usual care.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial was conducted, in which primary care patients meeting DSM-III-R criteria for a current major depression were assigned to nortriptyline (n = 91) or interpersonal psychotherapy (n = 93) provided within well-structured parameters, or a physician's usual care (n = 92). The main outcome measures were degree and rate of improvement in severity of depressive symptoms and proportion of patients recovered at 8 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Severity of depressive symptoms was reduced more rapidly and more effectively among patients randomized to pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy than among patients assigned to a physician's usual care. Among treatment completers, approximately 70% of patients participating in the full pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy protocol but only 20% of usual care patients were judged as recovered at 8 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy effectively treat major depression among primary care patients when provided within specific parameters and for the full acute and continuation phases. Treatment principles recommended by the Depression Guideline Panel of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research are supported.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Schulberg
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Block
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Madonia
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Imber
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lave
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Houck
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Coulehan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009661:Nortriptyline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009661:Nortriptyline