title: Lymphokine release during co-culture of human lympho-mononuclear cells and fresh or cultured human, porcine and bovine pancreatic islets.
abstract: In this study we evaluated whether isolated human (HI), porcine (PI) and bovine (BI) islets, either fresh (Fr) or cultured for 4 weeks (4 w) affect cytokine release from human lymphomononuclear cells (LMC) differently. We prepared LMC from peripheral blood by density gradient purification and co-cultured 1 x 10(6) LMC for 24 h with 100 hand-picked islets, either within 48 h of isolation or after culture for 4 weeks. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R), interferon-gamma (IFN), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay. Compared with controls (Ctrl, LMC without islets), Fr-HI, Fr-PI and Fr-BI caused a similar increase of IL-2R and IFN release, whereas 4 w-HI and 4 w-BI did not lead to any significant production of these two cytokines. IL-10 concentrations increased with Fr-PI and Fr-BI, but not with Fr-HI, and no major effect of the 4-week culture was seen. IL-4 levels were below the detection limit of the method used in these experiments. Thus, fresh allo- and xeno-islets caused a similar increase of the release of cytokines known to be markers of Th1 activation, whereas the release of IL-10, a marker of Th2 activation, increased with xeno-, but not with allo-islets; culturing the islets for 4 weeks decreased Th1, but not Th2 activation.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Malattie del Metabolismo, 1st. Clinica Medica II, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giannarelli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferdeghini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arvia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Consolini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coppelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prontera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Legitimo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carmellini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mosca
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Navalesi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000032:analysis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000032:analysis; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000032:analysis*; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D008222:Lymphokines; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007372:Interferons