title: Patterns of nutrient interchange and oxygen use among portal-drained viscera, liver, and hindquarters of beef steers from 235 to 525 kg body weight.
abstract: Our objective was to quantify changes in supply and use of nutrients and O2 by large-frame, multicatheterized beef steers as they grew from 235 to 525 kg BW. Steers consumed 5.25 to 9.87 kg DM/d of a 62% concentrate diet that provided 126 to 217 g N/d and 1 kg ADG. Steers were assigned to three groups (eight, nine, and eight steers each) that divided the BW range into thirds. Weights at first sampling for the three groups were 236, 319, and 445 kg, respectively. Each group was sampled twice. Groups were killed after the second sampling. Tissue weights and hindquarters (HQ) contents of fat, protein, and ash were measured. Blood flow, oxygen uptake, and net uptake or release of metabolites were regressed against functions of BW.75 to assess changes during growth. Blood flow in all tissues except liver and oxygen use by all tissues decreased per unit tissue weight as BW.75 and age increased. Changes with age per unit liver weight were as follows: decreased uptake of propionate and lactate, increased uptake of alpha-amino N and glutamine, decreased production of urea and glutamate, and increased production of acetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. Glucose and urea production per unit liver weight was constant. Changes with age per unit HQ weight were as follows: increased uptake of glucose, decreased uptake of alpha-amino N and glutamate, decreased release of lactate, and increased release of glutamine. Weight of the portal-drained viscera (PDV) increased from 91 to 97 g/kg EBW as BW increased from 236 to 522 kg; PDV fat increased from 375 to 552 g/kg PDV tissues. Liver decreased from 16 to 12 g/kg EBW. Hindquarters decreased from 286 to 266 g/kg EBW; HQ protein was 200, 197, and 200 g/kg HQ tissue for Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Corresponding fat was 131, 182, and 177 g/kg HQ tissue. Changes in net flux reflect changes in nutrient partitioning and tissue deposition as steers grew and aged.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Eisemann
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Huntington
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Catherman
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000378:metabolism; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D011422:Propionates / Q000378:metabolism; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D014781:Viscera / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D007773:Lactates; D011422:Propionates; D005973:Glutamine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen