title: The glycine/NMDA receptor antagonist HA-966 impairs visual recognition memory in rhesus monkeys.
abstract: Recent studies have shown that strychnine-insensitive glycine binding sites positively modulate the N-methyl-D-asparate (NMDA) subclass of glutamate receptors, which are important in neural pathways involved in cognitive function. We examined the effect of (+/-)-3-amino-1-hydroxy-2-pyrrolidone (HA-966), a highly specific antagonist of this glycine modulatory site on the NMDA receptor, on visual recognition memory in four rhesus monkeys performing a computer-automated version of delayed nonmatching-to-sample (DNMS) with a list length of 20 trial-unique graphic symbols. In addition, the effect of HA-966 was compared with that of (+)-5-methyl-10, 11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5, 10-imine (dizocilpine; MK-801), a noncompetitive NMDA channel blocker. Administration of HA-966 (0.1-10 mg/kg, i.m.) 30 min before testing impaired DNMS performance dose-dependently, starting at doses of 3.2 mg/kg; the memory deficity following the highest dose (10 mg/kg) was associated with prolonged response latencies. Similar impairments in recognition memory were observed following treatment with MK-801, though at much lower doses (3.2-32 micrograms/kg) than those at which HA-966 was effective. Administration of low doses of HA-966 (1 mg/kg) and MK-801 (10 micrograms/kg), each of which had no significant effect on performance when given alone, also failed to impair performance when given concurrently. Combined administration of both drugs, each at amnesia-producing doses (3.2 mg/kg of HA-966 plus 32 micrograms/kg of MK-801), markedly impaired performance in an additive, not a synergistic, manner. From these results, we propose that the recognition memory impairment observed in our monkeys following HA-966 administration is via an action on the glycine modulatory site of the NMDA receptor complex.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Aigner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000187:drug effects*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018009:Receptors, Glycine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013331:Strychnine
chemical_list: D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D018009:Receptors, Glycine; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; C001369:1-hydroxy-3-amino-2-pyrrolidone; D013331:Strychnine