title: The influence of nutritional status, dialysis adequacy, and residual renal function on the response to hepatitis B vaccination in peritoneal dialysis patients.
abstract: Little is known about the factors contributing to the reduced antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination in peritoneal dialysis patients. The influence of nutritional status [as assessed by serum albumin and nitrogen protein appearance (nPNA)], residual renal function, and dialysis adequacy (weekly Kt/V(urea)) on the development of hepatitis B antibodies was examined in 32 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis/continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis patients. Vaccination with Engerix 40 micrograms given intramuscularly at 0, 1, 2, and 6 months resulted in a 63% response with 20 converters and 12 nonconverters. Patient age, sex, months on peritoneal dialysis, and race were not different among converters and nonconverters. Median serum albumin (3.75 vs 3.8 g/dL), nPNA (0.96 vs 0.94 g/kg/day initial and 0.78 vs 0.84 g/kg/day final), residual renal function (5.4 vs 4.0 mL/min), and final weekly Kt/V (2.12 vs 1.96) were not different among converters and nonconverters, respectively. Initial Kt/V was higher in converters (2.37 vs 2.01, p = 0.02). Nutritional status, residual renal function, and weekly Kt/V in nutritionally replete and well-dialyzed peritoneal dialysis patients do not predict response to hepatitis B vaccine. Patients with higher weekly Kt/V early in the course of peritoneal dialysis may be more likely to respond to hepatitis B vaccination.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dacko
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Holley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D005260:Female; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence / Q000276:immunology; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000276:immunology*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D012709:Serum Albumin