title: Bioavailability of components of resin-based materials which are applied to teeth.
abstract: Chemical components of many materials used in dental practice can move into the local biophase, where they can have beneficial or adverse effects. The strongest indirect evidence that components of resin-based materials used in dentistry can move into the biophase are the many reports of allergic dermatitis in dental personnel. Direct measurement of component release has shown that triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and, in the case of some orthodontic cements, bis-glycidyl methacrylate and benzoyl peroxide can move into an aqueous medium from a range of resin-based materials which are applied to teeth as part of oral care. In the case of resin composite restorations, HEMA and TEGDMA are available in microgram quantities via the salivary surface in the minutes and hours after clinical placement and via dentin and pulp in the hours and days after placement. Fortunately, moderate thickness of dentin protects pulp tissue against local toxicity. There are no data which suggest that systemic toxicity is a risk with any of these materials. There are some case reports of allergic responses to the monomers in patients, but the incidence of such responses appears at present to be much lower than that in dental personnel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0758, USA.
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Hume
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Gerzina
mesh_terms: D001585:Benzoyl Peroxide / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001682:Biological Availability; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000378:metabolism; D003804:Dentin / Q000378:metabolism; D003815:Dentists; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000209:etiology; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D014070:Tooth
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D003764:Dental Materials; D008689:Methacrylates; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate; D001585:Benzoyl Peroxide