title: Central brain atrophy in childhood AIDS encephalopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine differential patterns of brain atrophy in pediatric AIDS encephalopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured the bicaudate, bifrontal, and ventricle-brain ratio in brain magnetic resonance imaging scans of 42 control children, nine children with progressive AIDS encephalopathy, 25 AIDS children without progressive encephalopathy, and 23 children with cerebral atrophy of other causes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared with controls, encephalopathy patients showed significantly increased bicaudate and ventricle-brain ratios, but no significant increase in bifrontal ratio, whereas children with brain atrophy from causes other than AIDS showed increases in all three ratios.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with AIDS encephalopathy demonstrate a specific pattern of brain atrophy distinct from other etiologies: a central atrophy, primarily affecting the subcortical white matter or the basal ganglia regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, North Shore University Hospital, Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, New York, USA.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Scarmato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rozenstein
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hyman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bakshi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pahwa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pavlakis
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011859:Radiography