title: Angiography with nonionic X-ray contrast media in severe chronic renal failure: renal function and contrast retention.
abstract: The effects of contrast media on renal function and the cortical retention of contrast media after abdominal angiography were investigated. Sixteen nondiabetic patients with predialytic chronic renal failure received either the nonionic dimeric contrast medium iodixanol or the monomeric contrast medium iohexol in a double-blind randomized study. All patients were well hydrated before, during and after angiography. Mean 99mTc-DTPA clearance was 14.0 ml/min/1.73 m2 in the iodixanol group, and 9.3 ml/min/1.73 m2 in the iohexol group at baseline. No statistically significant changes were seen after angiography. Serum creatinine increased significantly 48 and 72 h after angiography in both groups, and then normalized. Creatinine clearance was reduced only in the iohexol group, at 72-96 h. The urinary excretion of renal enzymes and of total protein did not change significantly. No patients developed oliguria or required dialysis during the 7-day observation period. Increased attenuation in the renal cortex, measured by computed tomography and probably reflecting intracellular retention of contrast medium, peaked at 24 h, and was observed in both groups during the follow-up period. Thus, although transient and minor changes in glomerular filtration rate were noted, both iodixanol and iohexol were safe for use in angiography in nondiabetic patients with severe chronic failure when the patients were well hydrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jakobsen
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kjaersgaard
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kolmannskog
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Nordal
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Nossen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rootwelt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007472:Iohexol / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; D007472:Iohexol; C044834:iodixanol; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate