title: Yeast chitin synthases 1 and 2 consist of a non-homologous and dispensable N-terminal region and of a homologous moiety essential for function.
abstract: Predicted protein sequences of fungal chitin synthases can be divided into a non-homologous N-terminal region and a C-terminal region that shows significant homology among the various synthases. We have explored the function of these domains by constructing a series of nested deletions, extending from either end, in the CHS1 and CHS2 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In both cases, most or all of the sequences encoding the non-homologous N-terminal region (one-third of the protein for Chs1p and about one-fourth for Chs2p) could be excised, with little effect on the enzymatic activity in vitro of the corresponding synthase or on its function in vivo. However, further small deletions (20-25 amino acids) into the homologous region were deleterious to enzymatic activity and function, and often led to changes in the zymogenic character of the enzymes. Similarly, relatively small (about 75 amino acids) deletions from the C-terminus resulted in loss of enzymatic activity and function of both synthases. Thus, it appears that all the information necessary for membrane localization, enzymatic activity and function resides in the homologous regions of Chs1p and Chs2p, a situation that may also apply to other chitin synthases.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Metabolism. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1812, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cabib
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002687:Chitin Synthase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015003:Yeasts / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D002687:Chitin Synthase