title: Induction of IFN-gamma and IL-1 alpha production in macrophages stimulated with phosphopolysaccharide produced by Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris.
abstract: The induction of interferon (IFN) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) production in murine macrophages by a phosphopolysaccharide, produced by a dairy lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris, was investigated. When the phosphopolysaccharide was added into macrophage cultures at concentrations from 1 to 200 micrograms/ml, substantial IFN titers (6.2-79.2 IU/ml) were detected. Using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the expression of mRNA encoding IFN-gamma was verified in spleen macrophage cultures. Macrophages stimulated with the phosphopolysaccharide also produced IL-1 alpha at a concentration of 50 micrograms/ml. This study showed for the first time that phosphopolysaccharide derived from a dairy lactic acid bacterium can induce IFN-gamma and IL-1 alpha production in macrophages. These findings strongly suggest that the phosphopolysaccharide is a type of 'biological response modifier' and the fermented dairy foods containing Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris can be designated as a physiologically functional food.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. CXK04106@niftyserve.or.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitazawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomioka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizugaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013294:Lactococcus lactis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007371:Interferon-gamma