title: Killing activity of microwaves in milk.
abstract: The killing activity of microwaves of 2450 MHz frequency and 600 W power on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sakazakii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Mycobacterium terrae and poliomyelitis vaccine-virus suspended in five infant formula preparations was investigated. The samples were brought to the boil (85-100 s depending on milk type). They had reached average temperatures of 82-93 degrees C at this point. Most of the vegetative organisms were killed. In those samples where growth was still detectable after microwave treatment, a significant reduction in viable micro-organisms (at least 5000-fold) was noted. We conclude that microwave beating to the boil is a convenient and fast method to reduce microbial contamination of infant feeds. However, care should be taken to ensure that milk is adequately cooled to the required temperature before it is fed to an infant.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Medicine and Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kindle
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Busse
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kampa
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Meyer-König
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Daschner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000528:radiation effects; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D004754:Enterobacter / Q000528:radiation effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000528:radiation effects; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000528:radiation effects; D008872:Microwaves; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000528:radiation effects; D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated / Q000528:radiation effects; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000528:radiation effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated