title: Adolescents' reasons for and experience after discontinuation of the long-acting contraceptives Depo-Provera and Norplant.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to examine the reasons for discontinuation of the long-acting contraceptives Depo-Provera and Norplant in adolescents, and to assess the adolescents' experience after discontinuation of the methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 35 adolescents [gynecologic age 4.7 +/- 0.3 years, and body mass index (BMI) 24.2 +/- 0.6] who discontinued Depo-Provera, and 31 adolescents (gynecologic age 3.4 +/- 0.3 years, BMI 24.1 +/- 0.9) who discontinued Norplant were periodically assessed during use of the methods and up to 12 months after discontinuation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common reasons for discontinuation of both Norplant (after 21.8 +/- 1.6 months of use) and Depo-Provera (9.2 + 0.9 months of use) were irregular menstrual bleeding (64%), weight gain (41%), and increased headaches (30%). Resumption of menstrual regularity and dysmenorrhea was noted sooner after discontinuation of Norplant, compared with Depo-Provera. The increase in BMI noted at discontinuation of Depo-Provera (1.1, P = .0005) and Norplant (1.3, P = .03) persisted up to 6 months after discontinuation of either method (0.6, P = .01 post-Depo-Provera discontinuation; and 0.9, P = 0.02 post-Norplant discontinuation). Only 62% of the adolescents reported no break in contraceptive practice. The condom was the most popular method (37%) after discontinuation of Depo-Provera, and oral contraceptive (39%) after discontinuation of Norplant. The cumulative conception proportion reached 0.93 at 12 months after discontinuation of Norplant, and was significantly higher (P = .01) compared with the cumulative proportion of conception after discontinuation of Depo-Provera (P = .50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Health care providers should aggressively manage physical problems associated with Depo-Provera and Norplant use, and expedite the transition to a new contraceptive method to minimize the high pregnancy rate observed after discontinuation of these methods in adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Harel
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Biro
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Kollar
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rauh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017280:Condoms; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008598:Menstruation / Q000187:drug effects; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D016912:Levonorgestrel; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate