title: Visceral adiposity, fasting plasma insulin, and lipid and lipoprotein levels in Japanese Americans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the associations among visceral and subcutaneous adiposity, body-mass-index (BMI), fasting plasma insulin, lipid, and lipoprotein levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-diabetic second- (Nisei, n = 290) and third-generation (Sansei, n = 229) Japanese Americans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intra-abdominal (IAF) and subcutaneous abdominal fat (SAF) area were measured using computed tomography. Fasting plasma insulin, lipid, and lipoprotein levels were measured using standard methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher fasting insulin was significantly related to greater mean IAF and SAF area, plasma triglycerides, total HDL and HDL2 cholesterol in men and women of both generations. In a multiple linear regression analysis model among Nisei adjusted for gender, age, SAF, antihypertensive medication use, smoking, alcohol use, and exercise energy expenditure, IAF area and fasting insulin level were independently correlated with plasma triglycerides (IAF r = 0.22, fasting insulin r = 0.23), total HDL (IAF r = -0.29, fasting insulin r = -0.28), HDL2 (IAF r = -0.30, fasting insulin r = -0.27), and HDL3 cholesterol (IAF r = -0.19, fasting insulin r = -0.19). Among Sansei, similar associations were seen, except that fasting insulin was unrelated to total HDL or HDL3 cholesterol. These effects differed by gender in several instances.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both visceral adiposity and fasting insulin level are significantly and independently related to adverse levels of lipids and lipoproteins in both generations of nondiabetic Japanese Americans. The association between adverse lipid profile and visceral obesity is not mediated solely through detrimental effects of intra-abdominal fat deposition on fasting insulin level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Boyko
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Leonetti
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Bergstrom
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Newell-Morris
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001213:Asian; D001823:Body Composition; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007564:Japan / Q000208:ethnology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014781:Viscera
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides