title: Electrostatic charge on a plastic spacer device influences the delivery of salbutamol.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether electrostatic charge on a plastic spacer decreases the delivery of salbutamol from a pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) and, if so, to find an optimal and practical treatment to remove the charge. Ten single actuations from a salbutamol pMDI were drawn through different Volumatic spacers at a constant flow of 60 L.min-1. The efficacies of different methods of removing charge were tested, including detergent coating of the spacers. A multistage liquid impinger was used to determine the particle size distribution of the output of the pMDI through the Volumatic spacers. The electrostatic charge on the inner surface of the spacers was measured both quantitatively with an electrometer, and qualitatively by the attraction of a thin strip of cellulose membrane to the wall of the spacer. Each experiment was repeated four times. Ionic detergent coating of the spacers removed the charge for at least 24 h. This resulted in an increase of 55-70% in small particle (< 6.8 microns) delivery compared to delivery from new spacers with high charge. We have demonstrated that electrostatic charge plays a major role in the delivery of salbutamol through plastic spacers. Adequate treatment with ionic detergent removes the charge and improves drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wildhaber
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Devadason
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hayden
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Dufty
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Q A
authors.initials: QA
authors.lastname: Summers
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: LeSouëf
mesh_terms: D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000535:Aluminum / Q000737:chemistry; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D003902:Detergents / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D010316:Particle Size; D010969:Plastics / Q000737:chemistry*; D011312:Pressure; D012212:Rheology; D055672:Static Electricity; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D003902:Detergents; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010969:Plastics; D002482:Cellulose; D000535:Aluminum; D000420:Albuterol