title: The role of renal scintigraphy in the evaluation of spinal cord injury patients with presumed urosepsis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We attempted to differentiate pyelonephritis, defined as upper urinary tract parenchymal infection, from fever due to other sources in patients with spinal cord injury by radioisotope renal scintigraphy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 13 consecutive spinal cord injury patients 21 to 54 years old (level of injury C4 to cauda equina) was hospitalized with urosepsis. The diagnosis was based on medical history, physical examination and laboratory evaluation, including blood, urine, sputum and wound fluid culture and sensitivity, and a 99mtechnetium glucoheptonate renal scan for pyelonephritis. Renal scan results were compared to 1 or more of several studies performed in each case, including ultrasonography, excretory urography and axial computerized tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glucoheptonate renal scintigraphy accurately diagnosed pyelonephritis in all 7 patients with a scintigraphic B lesion. In 2 patients with a C lesion on scintigraphy, representing a cortical scar, other sources of sepsis were identified. In the 4 patients with negative renal scans pyrexia was attributed to active decubitus wound infection and osteomyelitis. Positive and negative predictive values of renal scanning were each 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nuclear medicine renal scanning is a valuable adjunct in the evaluation of sepsis and presumed urosepsis in the spinal cord injury population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Fabrizio
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Chancellor
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Intenzo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000652:urine; D011866:Radioisotope Renography; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000652:urine; D013400:Sugar Acids; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D013400:Sugar Acids; C100014:technetium Tc 99m gluceptate