title: Identification of an AP-2 element in the -323 to -285 region of the TNF-alpha gene.
abstract: We have identified a region of the human TNF-alpha promoter between nucleotides -323 and -285, capable of influencing transcriptional activity. This region encompasses the -308 polymorphism and contains a 10 bp sequence homologous to the consensus binding site of activator protein-2 (AP-2). Protein complexes derived from U937 and Jurkat cells were found to bind to this element. Competitive EMSA using a consensus AP-2 oligonucleotide indicated that AP-2 may be involved. Functional assays demonstrate that this region can repress activity of a heterologous promoter in the Jurkat T-cell line, but act as an inducible enhancer of transcription in U937 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kroeger
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Abraham
mesh_terms: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D050656:Transcription Factor AP-2; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry*; D014162:Transfection; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D050656:Transcription Factor AP-2; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate