title: New developments in chemotherapy for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
abstract: Alleviation of tumor-related symptoms may be a more appropriate basis for judging drug efficacy in pancreatic cancer than is tumor shrinkage. Clinical benefit response (CBR), a new way to assess clinical efficacy based on marked, sustained improvement in pain intensity, analgesic consumption, and performance status, was used to evaluate a new chemotherapeutic agent, gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine [Gemzar]). A phase III study of newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients treated with either gemcitabine or fluorouracil (5-FU) and a phase II trial of gemcitabine in patients whose disease had progressed despite prior treatment with 5-FU both demonstrated that a significant number of patients achieved a CBR with gemcitabine. Prolonged survival was a secondary benefit demonstrated in the phase III trial. In both studies, gemcitabine was well tolerated, with a relatively mild toxicity profile. These results suggest that gemcitabine may serve as a prototype for the development of more effective therapies for pancreatic cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rothenberg
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D005472:Fluorouracil; D000093542:Gemcitabine