title: A strategy for selective anti-cancer drug concentration increase in rat glioma tissue with Ca(2+)-channel blocker co-administration: calcium kinetics in intra-glioma arteriolar smooth muscle cells.
abstract: A rat glioma model was employed to estimate the Ca2+ kinetics in the tumor arteriolar smooth muscle cells. Electron microcytochemistry revealed that the density of intracellular Ca2+ deposits in the intra-tumor arteriolar smooth muscle cells was significantly greater, with slightly higher membrane Ca(2+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, compared to the contralateral cerebral arterioles. Furthermore, the administration of tyrphostin, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, specifically increased only the intra-tumor blood flow. These findings suggest that the condition of the intra-tumor arteriole alters the susceptibility to contraction by the accelerated Ca2+ influx into the cytoplasm mediated through the tyrosine kinase pathway. After the administration of diltiazem, which also has a blocking effect on the Ca(2+)-channel mediated through this pathway, the local intra-tumor blood flow showed an increase of 39% with a marked decrease of intracellular Ca2+ concentration of the arteriolar smooth muscle cells in the tumor, while the blood flow in the basal ganglia increased by only 8%. The intra-tumor concentration of Nimustine-HCl (ACNU) with co-administration of diltiazem was significantly increased compared to that without the co-administration. Co-administration of diltiazem may be a valuable strategy in chemotherapy for glioma in affording the selective increase of intra-tumor concentration of the anti-cancer drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zenke
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001160:Arterioles / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000494:pharmacology; D005910:Glioma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015376:Nimustine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012016:Reference Values; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015376:Nimustine; D004110:Diltiazem; D002118:Calcium