title: Peripherally administered GM-CSF interferes with scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice: involvement of interleukin-1.
abstract: We studied the effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the classical behavioral test of scopolamine-induced amnesia for a passive avoidance response in the mouse. Pre-training intraperitoneal administration of this cytokine (1.25, 2.5, 5.0 or 10 micrograms/mouse) partially, although significantly, reduced the amnesic action of the muscarinic receptor antagonist. The peripheral administration of a specific interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 ra, 50 micrograms/mouse i.p.) blocked the effect of GM-CSF. Our results suggest that GM-CSF is able to exert neuromodulatory actions and that it is involved (probably via IL-1) in the interactions between the immune system and the central nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sacerdote
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Panerai
mesh_terms: D000647:Amnesia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects*; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D012601:Scopolamine