title: [Surgical therapy of severe colitis].
abstract: Severe colitis, eventually complicated by toxic megacolon, perforation or massive hemorrhage still represents a potentially life threatening complication during the course of inflammatory bowel disease reaching a mortality of almost 40% if not operated in time. From 1.1.1973 until 30.4.1994 22 patients (13 men, 9 women, mean age 29 years) with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease of the colon were operated on for severe colitis. Indications for operative treatment were as follows: 7 patients relapsed conservative medical treatment, 8 developed toxic megacolon and in 7 patients perforation occurred. Diagnosis was based on the clinical criterias first described by Turnbull. In 11 (50%) cases subtotal colectomy with an ileostomy and intrapelvic Hartmann's pouch was performed, in 4 (18%) patients a Turnbull's procedure was carried out with loop ileostomy and colostomies and in 3 (14%) cases a left hemicolectomy and transversostomy was applied. In two patients with Crohn's disease an ileocolic resection was done because of perforation, one received a subtotal colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis and one patient was operated by a right hemicolectomy and ileostomy. One patient with ulcerative colitis died, reaching a post-operative mortality of 4.5%. After an intervall of approximately 18 months in the 16 surviving patients with ulcerative colitis an ileal pouch-anal procedure could be done. Of the 5 patients with Crohn's disease one had to be operated on for recurrence, the other patients have been free of recurrent Crohn's disease for a follow-up time between 3 and 11 years. We conclude, provided early operative treatment is intended, that subtotal colectomy with Hartmann's pouch and ileostomy is the procedure of choice in patients with severe colitis.
authors.affiliation: Chirurgische Klinik, RWTH Aachen.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Seelig
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uhlig
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schumpelick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003082:Colectomy; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000601:surgery*; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007081:Ileostomy; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008532:Megacolon, Toxic / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation; D016896:Treatment Outcome