title: Kinesin proteins: a phylum of motors for microtubule-based motility.
abstract: The cellular processes of transport, division and, possibly, early development all involve microtubule-based motors. Recent work shows that, unexpectedly, many of these cellular functions are carried out by different types of kinesin and kinesin-related motor proteins. The kinesin proteins are a large and rapidly growing family of microtubule-motor proteins that share a 340-amino-acid motor domain. Phylogenetic analysis of the conserved motor domains groups the kinesin proteins into a number of subfamilies, the members of which exhibit a common molecular organization and related functions. The kinesin proteins that belong to different subfamilies differ in their rates and polarity of movement along microtubules, and probably in the particles/organelles that they transport. The kinesins arose early in eukaryotic evolution and gene duplication has allowed functional specialization to occur, resulting in a surprisingly large number of different classes of these proteins adapted for intracellular transport of vesicles and organelles, and for assembly and force generation in the meiotic and mitotic spindles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. moore@abacus.mc.duke.edu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Endow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016547:Kinesins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016547:Kinesins