title: Effect of clonidine on the human acoustic startle reflex.
abstract: The present study investigated in healthy human volunteers whether clonidine reduced the amplitude of the acoustic startle reflex and whether this effect, if found, was due to an accelerated rate of habituation. Subjects were presented with startle-eliciting noise-bursts after intravenous (iv) infusion of clonidine (1.5 microgram/kg) and saline on separate days. Clonidine significantly reduced the amplitude of the acoustic startle reflex (as indexed by the eyeblink component) relative to the saline treated condition. This effect was neither due to an accelerated rate of habituation of the startle reflex nor to the sedative effect of clonidine. These findings complement an earlier report (Morgan et al. 1993) that yohimbine augments the amplitude of the startle reflex in man. Taken together, the two reports indicate a new model for the clinical investigation of central alpha2 adrenoceptor function in humans.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, University of London, UK.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cotter
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Corr
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Checkley
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D003000:Clonidine