title: Reduction in thigh muscle cross-sectional area and strength in a 4-year follow-up in late polio.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study changes in cross-sectional thigh muscle area and muscle strength in late polio subjects over a 4-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal study of a cohort of polio survivors, comparing subjects who acknowledge (unstable) with those who do not acknowledge (stable) new muscle weakness.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen subjects (6 men, 12 women) with polio-myelitis sequelae (39 to 46 years of age) were studied on two occasions 4 years apart; the first examination was 37 to 44 years after onset of polio. Subjects were recruited through hospital registers, newspaper advertisement, and a patient organization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thigh muscle and intermuscular and intramuscular adipose tissue (AT) cross-sectional areas were measured by computed tomography. Isometric muscle strength for knee extension and flexion was measured using a Kin-Com dynamometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cross-sectional muscle area decreased on average 1.3 +/- 3.6 cm2 (1.4%, p < .05); the intermuscular and intramuscular AT area increased 1.8 +/- 3.4 cm2 (12.1%, p < .05). When divided by legs in which subjects reported (unstable) or did not report (unstable) or did not report (stable) increased muscle weakness, unstable legs showed significant reduction (p < .05) in muscle area, whereas stable legs did not. Estimated total thigh muscle strength decreased 7.8% +/- 2.9% (p < .01), with a significant (p < .001) reduction in unstable legs (13.4% +/- 4.3%) but not in stable legs. The reduction in strength appears to be greater than the reduction in cross-sectional muscle area, but there is still a significant correlation (r = .44, p < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results demonstrate not only progress of muscle weakness, but also of muscle atrophy in postpolio subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Göteborg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grimby
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kvist
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Grangård
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology*; D016262:Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome / Q000473:pathology*; D013848:Thigh / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed