title: Appropriateness of referrals for open-access endoscopy. How do physicians in different medical specialties do?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Open-access endoscopy allows nongastroenterologist physicians the opportunity to directly schedule elective common endoscopic procedures for their patients without having them first examined in the gastrointestinal clinic. There are few data as to whether nongastroenterologist physicians in the United States schedule patients for appropriate indications.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine our practice to see whether patients undergoing open-access endoscopy were scheduled for appropriate indications and to see whether there were differences among physicians in various medical specialties.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively tracked 310 consecutive patients scheduled for open-access esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy by nongastroenterologist physicians over a 9-month period in our academic practice setting to determine whether the indications for performing the procedures were appropriate. The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy criteria (revised in 1992) were used as the standard for comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary care physicians (family practitioners and general internists) did a superior job of scheduling patients for appropriate indications for EGD and colonoscopy than did non-primary care physicians (internal medicine subspecialists and surgeons): 97.0% vs 81.3% for EGD (P = .04) and 84.9% vs 66.7% for colonoscopy (P = .02), respectively.,
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary care physicians were significantly more likely to schedule patients for open-access EGD and colonoscopy for appropriate indications than were non-primary care physicians. The frequency of inappropriate indications for colonoscopy referrals was greater than for EGD. The reasons for the differences among primary care physicians, surgeons, and internal medicine subspecialists require further exploration.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, University of Missouri Hospital and Clinics, Columbia, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Barthel
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Marshall
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003113:Colonoscopy; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006300:Health Services Misuse; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008511:Medicine; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D013038:Specialization