title: Metastatic neoplasms of the breast: fine-needle aspiration cytology of two cases.
abstract: Even when clinical data strongly suggest the presence of a metastatic neoplasm in the breast, this occurrence almost invariably raises great problems in diagnostic pathology. Both cases presented here had a well-recognized primitive neoplasm located elsewhere. Nonetheless, great importance was given to the application of ancillary techniques; the immunostains for "breast discriminants"--GCDFP15, HMFG1, and HMFG2--on tissue sections helped the recognition of a metastatic renal cell carcinoma; and the stains for S100 protein, smooth muscle actin, cytokeratins, and neurofilaments on cytologic material allowed the identification of a metastatic mediastinal leiomyosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Pathologic Anatomy Service, Gaetano Rummo City Hospital, Benevento, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nappi
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D007890:Leiomyosarcoma / Q000473:pathology*; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D009418:S100 Proteins; D014746:Vimentin; D007633:Keratins