title: Evaluation of the effectiveness of guidelines, audit and feedback: improving the use of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effectiveness of medical audit as a means of improving the use of intravenous thrombolytics in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Time-series analyses of observations in four study hospitals conducting repeated audits and feedback compared to a control hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five district general hospitals in North West Thames Region between April 1991 and July 1992.
  
  
  METHODS
  2593 patients admitted as emergencies with a suspected acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Proportion of eligible cases receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy observed in each audit and proportion of patients in whom this therapy was used appropriately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the baseline audits, the proportions of eligible cases receiving thrombolytic therapy in the four study hospitals were 94%, 60%, 58% and 57%, and 53% in the control hospital. After three further audits in each study hospital over the subsequent year, the observed proportions had changed to 88% (to 6%), 92% (+32%), 95% (+37%), and 7796 (+20%). Meanwhile the proportion in the control hospital rose to 68% (+15%). The trend over time was significant in the second and third hospitals but not in the other two study hospitals or the control hospital. Reclassification of those cases in which the reliability of the diagnosis was poor altered the extent but not the direction of observed trends. Generally, the appropriateness of use of thrombolytic therapy increased with increasing treatment rates. There was a suggestion, however, that continued auditing in the presence of high treatment rates may have led to a reduction in appropriateness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  medical audit can be an effective means of improving the use of intravenous thrombolytics. It is possible that over auditing may result in greater inappropriate use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Black
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006767:Hospitals, District / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008485:Medical Audit; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006113:United Kingdom