title: Effect of dual tocolysis on the incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage among extremely low-birth-weight infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to evaluate the null hypothesis that dual tocolysis with magnesium sulfate and indomethacin does not alter the rate of grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six neonates weighing 500 to 800 gm from mothers who received tocolytic therapy with magnesium sulfate alone or in combination with indomethacin were the subjects of this retrospective study. Demographic variables were evaluated with a Student t test, chi(2) analysis, Fisher exact test, or Mantel-Haenszel chi(2) as appropriate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an increased incidence of grade III to IV intraventricular hemorrhage among patients treated with dual therapy (p = 0.02). Logistic regression showed that fetal age and dual tocolysis with indomethacin were the only independent prognostic factors for severe intraventricular hemorrhage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that dual tocolysis with indomethacin may place extremely low-birth-weight infants at increased risk for grade III to IV intraventricular hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Iannucci
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Besinger
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Gianopoulos
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Tomich
mesh_terms: D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000098:blood supply*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015149:Tocolytic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D015149:Tocolytic Agents; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D007213:Indomethacin