title: In vitro anticryptosporidial activity of dinitroaniline herbicides.
abstract: Despite the evaluation of over 100 antimicrobial drugs, the diarrheal disease cryptosporidiosis has remained refractory to treatment. We report the evaluation of five dinitroaniline herbicides including trifluralin, profluralin, nitralin, pendimethalin, and fluchloralin for anticryptosporidial activity in an in vitro cultivation model of Cryptosporidium parvum. All five compounds exhibited significant anticryptosporidial activities with no corresponding evidence of toxicity. The most active compound was pendimethalin with an IC50 of 0.19 microM while nitralin was the least active with an IC50 of 4.5 microM. These compounds should be evaluated further in an animal model of cryptosporidiosis.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA. mja0/ciddpd2.em.cdc.gov
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Arrowood
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mead
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: You
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line / Q000469:parasitology; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000187:drug effects*; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007211:Indoles; D007686:Kidney Tubules, Distal / Q000166:cytology; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D014274:Trifluralin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006540:Herbicides; D007211:Indoles; D007783:Lactones; D009574:Nitro Compounds; C027642:profluralin; C007293:DAPI; C018091:maduramicin; C012322:fluchloralin; D014274:Trifluralin