title: Clinicians' judgement of capacity of nursing home patients to give informed consent.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study determined the rate of incapacity to give informed consent for medical treatment among patients admitted to a nursing home and assessed whether clinical staff members recognized this incapacity and whether they used alternative means to provide surrogate decision making for their patients' treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  After 44 patients admitted to a nursing home affiliated with a major teaching hospital gave oral consent, two standardized tests, the Hopkins Competency Assessment Test (HCAT) and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) were administered to them. Later a researcher blind to the test results reviewed subjects' clinical records to determine whether staff recognized any incapacity in giving informed consent for medical treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty of 44 subjects were identified by the HCAT as incompetent to give informed consent for medical treatment. Clinical staff had identified 13 of those subjects as clinically incompetent. None of the subjects whom clinical staff identified as clinically incompetent was provided with surrogate decision makers in accordance with procedures outlined in state law.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of incapacity to give informed consent in the nursing home population was high. Clinical screening by staff did not identify all clinically incompetent patients, and staff had unresolved conflicting opinions about individual patients' capacity to give informed consent. Even when staff recognized a patient's incapacity to give informed consent, proper legal procedures for appointing surrogate decision makers were not followed.
authors.affiliation: Department of psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, USA.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Mallik
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Janofsky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009735:Nursing Homes; D000078329:Workforce