title: The validity of observed depression as a criteria for mood disorders in patients with acute stroke.
abstract: The validity of observed depression as a criteria for major or minor depression was assessed among 301 patients with acute stroke. Patients who acknowledged a depressed mood or loss of interest (standard depression) were compared to patients who denied depression but were 'observed' to be depressed (non-standard depression) for the clinical correlates of depression. Although standard and non-standard major depressions had some clinical correlates such as increased frequency of female gender and prior psychiatric history, standard major depression patients had a significantly higher frequency of left hemisphere lesions than the non-standard major depression patients. These results support the validity of 'observed' depression as a criteria for major depression but also suggest the possibility that failure to report depressed mood may identify a condition with a different etiology than depression that is recognized and acknowledged. Observed depression, however, was not validated among patients with minor depression since there were no clinical or phenomenological differences from non-depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242-1057, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kosier
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D010552:Personality Assessment; D015203:Reproducibility of Results