title: Effects of efonidipine, nicardipine and captopril on proteinuria in aged spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that antihypertensive drugs attenuate the progression of proteinuria by their treatments from young age, but few have examined their effects on impaired renal function in older age. In the present study the calcium antagonists efonidipine ((+/-)-2-[benzyl (phenyl)amino]ethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-(5,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,3, 2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl)-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3-pyridinecarboxyla te hydrochloride ethanol, CAS 111011-76-8, NZ-105) and nicardipine, and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, were examined for their effects on heavy proteinuria in aged spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Efonidipine (20 mg/kg), nicardipine (20 mg/kg) and captopril (30 mg/kg) were orally administered once a day for 4 weeks. The urinary protein excretion (UproE) increased with age (54.9 mg/kg/day at 24 weeks of age to 170.8 mg/kg/day at 36 weeks). The increased UproE was significantly suppressed by daily administration of efonidipine or captopril as compared to that in the non drug treated control group. The UproE in the nicardipine group was maintained at a slightly lower level than in the control. The histological examination showed that the damages of the kidneys were slightly suppressed by efonidipine and captopril. These findings indicate that efonidipine as well as captopril reduce proteinuria in aged SHR and the effect was stronger than that of nicardipine. This beneficial effect of efonidipine on proteinuria suggests its usefulness in antihypertensive therapy.
authors.affiliation: Shiraoka Research Station of Biological Science, Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shudo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shikada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomita
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002216:Captopril / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009596:Nitrophenols; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004095:Dihydropyridines; D009596:Nitrophenols; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; C066425:efonidipine; D002216:Captopril; D003404:Creatinine; D009529:Nicardipine