title: The study of maximal nasal inspiratory flow in humans.
abstract: During inspiration through one nostril, airflow becomes limited to a maximal level (VImax) when the transmural pressure (Ptm) at a flow-limiting site (FLS) falls below a critical level (Ptm'). We compared two methods for measuring the Ptm' of the nasal FLS. Each of six subjects (four normal and two with allergic rhinitis out of season) performed multiple inspirations through one nostril as we varied the resistance at the nasal opening. Studies were performed after application of a topical decongestant without activation of the alae nasi. We determined Ptm' by regressing the resulting values of VImax on the corresponding transnasal pressure gradients (Regression Method). We also measured Ptm' directly using pressure catheters to measure the pressure surrounding the FLS and the lateral pressure near the FLS at VImax (Catheter Method). The mean value of Ptm' by the Regression Method was -3.8 +/- 3.2 (SD) cmH2O. The value by the Catheter Method with the catheter just downstream from the nasal FLS was -3.5 +/- 2.9 cmH2O, which correlated closely with the Ptm by the Regression Method (r = 0.98). Our findings suggest that the Ptm' of the nasal airway can be determined by either method. The Catheter Method, however, requires only one inspiratory effort for each determination and simultaneously localizes the nasal FLS.
authors.affiliation: Northport Veterans Affairs Sleep Laboratory, Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook School of Medicine 11794, USA.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000399:Air Pressure; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014663:Nasal Decongestants / Q000494:pharmacology; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D014663:Nasal Decongestants