title: Short-term effects of alcohol consumption on appetite and energy intake.
abstract: The relationship between alcohol intake and obesity remains uncertain. Evidence suggesting that alcohol-derived energy may be unregulated points to an inability to maintain appetite, energy balance and, hence, body weight when alcohol is introduced to the diet. This study investigated the short-term effects of alcohol on hunger and energy intake in 20 lean women. On 4 occasions, subjects were given a randomised preload drink ('alcohol', 'no alcohol', 'carbohydrate', 'water') followed by visual analogue scales (VAS) rating hunger and an ad lib test meal. There was no difference in hunger ratings (p > 0.05) nor in the amount of energy consumed during the test meal (F = 1.66, p > 0.05) following any of the 4 preloads. Consumption of the 2 high energy preload drinks ('alcohol', 0.91 MJ; 'CHO', 0.72 MJ) did not result in a compensatory decrease in the amount of energy subsequently eaten (ad lib intake: 'alcohol' = 2.62 MJ, 0.32 SEM; 'no alcohol' = 2.98 MJ, 0.28 SEM; 'CHO' = 2.93 MJ, 0.21 SEM; 'water' = 2.82 MJ, 0.25 SEM), suggesting either no physiological recognition or no regulation of energy consumed within a drink in quantities of less than 1 MJ. The addition of either alcoholic or CHO-containing carbonated beverages into the diet will result, in the short-term, to an overall increase in energy intake.
authors.affiliation: Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK. Sally.Poppitt@mrc-dunn.cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Poppitt
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Eckhardt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McGonagle
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Murgatroyd
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Prentice
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D000431:Ethanol