Self-hypnotic relaxation during interventional radiological procedures: effects on pain perception and intravenous drug use.
The authors evaluated whether self-hypnotic relaxation can reduce the need for intravenous conscious sedation during interventional radiological procedures. Sixteen patients were randomized to a test group, and 14 patients were randomized to a control group. All had patient-controlled analgesia. Test patients additionally had self-hypnotic relaxation and underwent a Hypnotic Induction Profile test. Compared to controls, test patients used less drugs (0.28 vs. 2.01 drug units; p < .01) and reported less pain (median pain rating 2 vs. 5 on a 0-10 scale; p < .01). Significantly more control patients exhibited oxygen desaturation and/or needed interruptions of their procedures for hemodynamic instability. Benefit did not correlate with hypnotizability. Self-hypnotic relaxation can reduce drug use and improve procedural safety.
Lang
E V
EV
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (DVAMC), Palo Alto, California, USA.
Joyce
J S
JS
Spiegel
D
D
Hamilton
D
D
Lee
K K
KK
D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D012064:Relaxation Therapy