title: The potential of high-resolution positron emission tomography to monitor striatal dopaminergic function in rat models of disease.
abstract: The use of a recently commissioned small-diameter, high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET) to obtain a measure of specific binding of 3 carbon-11 labelled ligands in rat striatum is described. Using cerebellum as a reference tissue, compartmental modelling was used to obtain individual estimates of striatal binding potential (defined as the ratio of rate constants to and from the specifically bound compartment) for [11C]raclopride (D2 receptors), [11C]SCH 23390 (D1 receptors) and [11C]RTI-121 (dopamine transporter). The coefficients of variation in control, anaesthetized rats were of the order of 10%. Using two models of human disease, namely striatal injection of ibotenic acid to produce postsynaptic cell loss as in Huntington's disease, and 6-hydroxydopamine injection into substantia nigra pars compacta to mimic dopaminergic terminal loss in Parkinson's disease, marked reductions in binding potential were observed for the corresponding pre- or postsynaptic markers. When the regions of interest are so small as to be of the order of the spatial resolution of the system, factor such as spill over and partial volume negate absolute quantification of tissue radioactivity. Nevertheless, the use of PET to monitor relative changes in dopaminergic integrity should be considered as a viable complement to established in vivo microdialysis and post mortem techniques.
authors.affiliation: Cyclotron Unit, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Hume
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lammertsma
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajeswaran
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bloomfield
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ashworth
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fricker
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002230:Carbidopa; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; C029112:5-fluorodopa; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; D002230:Carbidopa; D004298:Dopamine