Dimethyl sulfoxide and related polar compounds enhance infection of human T cells with HIV-1 in vitro.
We observed the enhancing effect of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on infection of human T cells with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Similar enhancing effects were also found in related polar chemicals such as dimethylformamide, hexamethylenebisacetamide, sodium butyrate and retinoic acid. In acute infection of the human MT-4 T cell line, DMSO at a concentration of 1% reduced the amounts of HIV-1 required to establish similar infection by one log. Furthermore, infection of peripheral blood lymphocytes with HIV-1 was also augmented several times by DMSO. HIV-1 production from persistently infected human T cell lines, but not monocytic cell lines, was enhanced by DMSO and related polar chemicals. DMSO enhanced transcription of HIV-1 RNA in persistently infected T cell lines, and the enhancing effect of DMSO on HIV-1 production was inhibited by staurosporine, a protein kinase inhibitor. These findings suggested that DMSO enhanced HIV-1 infection of T cells mainly at the step of transcription of viral RNA.
Seki
J
J
Department of Hygiene and Virology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan.
Ikeda
R
R
Hoshino
H
H
D000081:Acetamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D020148:Butyric Acid; D002460:Cell Line; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
D000081:Acetamides; D002087:Butyrates; D020148:Butyric Acid; D014212:Tretinoin; D004126:Dimethylformamide; C014026:hexamethylene bisacetamide; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide