title: Two cases of maternal antenatal splenic rupture and hypotension associated with Moebius syndrome and cerebral palsy in offspring. Further evidence for a utero placental vascular aetiology for the Moebius syndrome and some cases of cerebral palsy.
abstract: We wish to report two cases of congenital abnormality after antenatal car accidents resulting in ruptured spleen and severe hypotension in the mothers at 8 and 14 weeks gestation. The first case had the classical Moebius syndrome with 6th and 7th cranial nerve palsy with abnormal brain stem evoked responses, presumably due to hypoxic/ischaemic brain stem damage and the second case had severe retardation and hypertonic cerebral palsy which at post mortem was found to be due to old hypoxic/ischaemic lesions to the caudate nucleus putamen and striatum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cases described provide evidence that severe maternal hypotension during pregnancy can be associated with lesions to the midbrain and brain stem of offspring. The mechanism is probably utero-placental insufficiency, and extrapolation from these two unusual cases would support utero-placental insufficiency as a cause of Moebius syndrome and limb deficiency after chorionic villus sampling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Genetics, New Children's Hospital, Parramatta, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lipson
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gillerot
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Tannenberg
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giurgea
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000328:Adult; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000151:congenital* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000151:congenital* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005311:Fetal Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010927:Placental Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000209:etiology; D013161:Splenic Rupture / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology