title: Diagnosis of borderline adenomas of the stomach by endoscopic mucosal resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The correct histological diagnosis of gastric borderline adenomas is often difficult, especially in excluding malignancy, since the usual diagnostic methods, such as radiography and histological examination of forceps biopsy specimens, are of limited accuracy. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the value of endoscopic mucosal resection in establishing the correct diagnosis of borderline adenomas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen borderline adenomas were finally diagnosed as containing early gastric cancer type IIa (well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma) after endoscopic mucosal resection, of the remaining 36 tubular adenomas, six represented mild dysplasia, 24 moderate dysplasia, and six severe dysplasia. Most parts of the 14 adenomas containing early gastric cancers had regions of structural atypia, and cellular atypia was moderate in all. Seven of 14 cancers were completely resected, all patients being tumor-free after a follow-up of 33-61 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that diagnosing borderline adenoma on the basis of radiographic and endoscopic-bioptic findings is generally unreliable, because biopsy specimens may not be representative of the entire lesion. Borderline adenomas of the stomach should be completely resected by endoscopic mucosal resection to obtain a final diagnosis and - depending on the size and type of the lesion - possibly also definitive treatment.
authors.affiliation: Third Dept. of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Obata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakasa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*