title: A participant's observations: preparing DSM-IV.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide an overview of the process of creating the DSM-IV from a participant's perspective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Narrative review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In its attempt to address the perceived weaknesses of both the content and development of the DSM-III and DSM-III-R, the DSM-IV development was based on commissioned reviews for sets of diagnoses, especially designed field trials and a transparent decision-making process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nosology is an ambitious and complicated enterprise. Classification systems must evolve as new empirical evidence is presented. Many of the obstacles faced by the DSM-IV work groups, therefore, may be moot for those formulating DSM-V. The DSM-IV development process was carefully planned, and the profession is indebted to the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for its initiative and effort in producing this system.
authors.affiliation: Irving Philips Professor of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shaffer
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales