title: The use of pH adjusted lignocaine in controlling operative pain in the day surgery unit: a prospective, randomised trial.
abstract: We report the results of a randomised, case matched, controlled, double blind study on 40 patients undergoing correction of their prominent ears, comparing efficacy of pH adjusted lignocaine to lignocaine alone in controlling operative pain. Each patient received commercial lignocaine in one ear and the same preparation reconstituted with 1 ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate in the other ear according to our randomisation protocol. 30 patients were studied to compare the difference between the buffered and commercial preparation infiltrated at room temperature. A further 10 patients were studied to assess the benefit the buffered preparation at room temperature had over commercial lignocaine warmed to body temperature. Linear analogue pain scores for discomfort at infiltration and during the operation itself were analysed. Buffered lignocaine imparts a significant reduction in pain on infiltration, compared to the commercial preparation at both room and body temperature. Both preparations were equally effective in obliterating pain during the operation itself.
authors.affiliation: Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, UK.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Fitton
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ragbir
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Milling
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002021:Buffers; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004431:Ear, External / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002021:Buffers; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D008012:Lidocaine