title: Reduction of benzyl viologen distinguishes genera of the class Mollicutes.
abstract: We tested the ability of 62 growing strains belonging to the class Mollicutes to reduce the redox indicator and free-radical generator 1,1'-dibenzyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride (benzyl viologen [BV]) to a blue-violet-purple color. BV was reduced by 12 Acholeplasma species but not by Acholeplasma multiforme PN525T (T = type strain). BV was also reduced by five of nine Mesoplasma species and by four of six Entomoplasma species. BV was not reduced by 19 Mycoplasma species, six Spiroplasma species, five unnamed Spiroplasma strains belonging to different serogroups, three Ureaplasma species, and one unnamed Ureaplasma strain. The BV-reducing ability was localized in the membrane of Acholeplasma laidlawii B-PG9 and was dependent on NADH. Reduction of BV could be expressed in mixed cultures, and this activity may be useful for recognizing the contaminating presence of an Acholeplasma species. The reductive BV response may have phylogenetic value. We believe that the test described in this paper readily distinguishes all Acholeplasma species and some Mesoplasma and Entomoplasma species from all Mycoplasma, Spiroplasma, and Ureaplasma species tested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA. pollack.1@osu.edu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Pollack
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Banzon
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Donelson
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Tully
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hackett
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Agbanyim
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Miles
mesh_terms: D001594:Benzyl Viologen / Q000378:metabolism*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D008973:Tenericutes / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D001594:Benzyl Viologen; C023107:NADH oxidase; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases