title: Cord blood cytokines and soluble adhesion molecules in vaginal and cesarean delivered neonates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of labor pain on the concentrations of cytokines and soluble adhesion molecules in cord blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Umbilical cord interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), granulocyte elastase (GEL), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and endothelial lymphocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) were measured in 21 normal appropriately grown newborns delivered vaginally (VD group), and 20 normal appropriately grown newborns delivered by elective cesarean section (ECS group). Umbilical cord arterial blood pH and PO2 were also measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Umbilical artery blood pH and PO2 in the VD group were not significantly different from those in the ECS group. There were no significant differences for concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, GEL, ICAM-1, and ELAM-1 in cord blood between VD and ECS groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggests that labor pains do not affect the concentrations of cytokines and soluble adhesion molecules in cord blood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane Medical University, Izumo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inada
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fujiwaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ariyuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D002585:Cesarean Section; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000097:blood*; D009321:Natural Childbirth; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D019040:E-Selectin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase; D010100:Oxygen