The effectiveness of two ciprofloxacin formulations for experimental Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus keratitis.
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with broad spectrum bactericidal activity. A commercially available form of ciprofloxacin contains benzalkonium chloride (BAC) (0.006%) and EDTA (0.05%) as preservatives. Since BAC has been shown to cause adverse changes in corneal epithelial cells, a formulation of ciprofloxacin devoid of BAC and EDTA but with the same effectiveness would be valuable. We present here the results of experiments designed to assess the efficacy of a BAC-free and EDTA-free formulation of ciprofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin-polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), in experimental models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus keratitis. Both formulations of ciprofloxacin sterilized corneas infected with P aeruginosa, and both formulations showed equal bactericidal activity for S aureus. Normal eyes treated with either formulation showed mild conjunctival irritation compared to untreated normal eyes. The bactericidal activities of both formulations of ciprofloxacin were excellent. Therefore, the Ciprofloxacin-PSS formulation could serve as an effective single drug therapy for ocular infections.
Engel
L S
LS
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Medical Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA.
Callegan
M C
MC
Hill
J M
JM
Folkens
A T
AT
Shimomura
Y
Y
O'Callaghan
R J
RJ
D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D002614:Chelating Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004492:Edetic Acid; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007634:Keratitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011817:Rabbits; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D002614:Chelating Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D004492:Edetic Acid