title: Interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-6 in the urine, kidney, and bladder of mice inoculated with Escherichia coli.
abstract: After bladder inoculation of mice using the pyelonephritogenic Escherichia coli strain DS17, urinary interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) peaked at 0.5 h post infection (mean 233 pg/ml), interleukin-6 (IL-6) at 2 h (mean 572 pg/ml), and leukocyturia at 4 h, all three persisting for more than 24 h. In the kidneys IL-1 alpha peaked at 2 h, persisted over 24 h (mean 900-1,000 pg/ml), and decreased over 2-6 days post inoculation to a mean value of 208 pg/ml. Control kidneys showed low IL-1 alpha values. IL-6 in the kidneys peaked at 5 h (mean 9,999 pg/ml) but normalized, i.e., similar to control kidneys, by 48 h (mean 105 pg/ml). A similar cytokine response, but with tenfold lower levels, was found in the bladder tissue. The isogenic P-negative E. coli mutant DS178 elicited lower IL-6 in the kidneys at 5 h, but persisted in higher numbers in the kidneys at 6 days. Bacterial counts and cytokine levels correlated both in the kidneys and in bladder tissue, (r = 0.50-0.76, P < 0.001). Characterization of the immune response gives a better understanding of the relative importance of different bacterial characteristics for the local inflammatory process and is needed for studies of its pharmacological down-regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, St. Göran's Children's Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tullus
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Burman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brauner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000652:urine; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6