title: Oxidation of fluorescent glycero- and sphingophospholipids in human plasma lipoproteins: alkenylacyl subclasses are preferred targets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipoproteins is supposed to play a crucial role at the early stages of atherogenesis. The polyunsaturated lipids (PUFAs) become oxidized and, thus, the degree and rate of lipid oxidation depend on their concentration and, probably, on the lipid moiety to which they are attached.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine the relative oxidation susceptibilities of sphingo- and glycerolipid-bound fatty acyl chains, we used fluorescent analogs of the respective compounds, in which one natural fatty acyl chain was replaced by fluorescent diphenylhexatriene propionic acid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oxidation susceptibilities of the fluorescent acyl chains in the presence of Cu2+ or AAPH depended, in general, on the phospholipid to which they were bound and the lipoprotein. Phospholipids were oxidized faster in HDL than in LDL or Lp(a). Plasmalogens were more susceptible to oxidation than phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, HDL and plasmalogens may be considered as preferred targets of lipid oxidation before the bulk of polyunsaturated phospholipids (mainly phosphatidylcholine) in LDL is subject to free radical attack.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lichtenberg
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Kostner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hermetter
mesh_terms: D000578:Amidines; D003300:Copper; D004161:Diphenylhexatriene; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005609:Free Radicals; D006801:Humans; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D010955:Plasmalogens / Q000378:metabolism; D013107:Sphingolipids / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000578:Amidines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005609:Free Radicals; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010743:Phospholipids; D010955:Plasmalogens; D013107:Sphingolipids; D004161:Diphenylhexatriene; C046728:2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane); D003300:Copper