title: Comparison of two MR sequences for the detection of multiple sclerosis lesions in the spinal cord.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare cardiac-triggered dual-echo spin-echo and magnetization transfer-prepared gradient-echo (MT-GE) MR imaging in the detection of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions in the spinal cord.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cervical spinal cord in 20 patients with MS and in nine healthy volunteers was examined with spin-echo and MT-GE MR imaging. Sagittal images were scored for number of lesions, certainty about lesions, image quality, and visual hindrance by artifacts in random order by two radiologists separately and in a blinded manner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In one healthy volunteer, a lesion was seen on images obtained with both images. Lesion/cord contrast-to-noise ratio was equal on both the MT-GE and T2-weighted spin-echo images. MT-GE images showed better image quality and fewer artifacts than the spin-echo images did. The readers found approximately the same number of lesions. However, the number of definite lesions was higher for the spin-echo sequence than for the MT-GE sequence. One reader found 45 definite lesions with spin-echo and 34 definite lesions with MT-GE. For the other reader, these numbers were 37 (spin-echo) and 31 (MT-GE). On the spin-echo images, 90% of the patients were considered to have definite lesions; on the MT-GE images, the readers found definite lesions in 65% (reader 1) and in 70% (reader 2) of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Image quality was better with the MT-GE technique than with the spin-echo technique, and lesion/cord contrast-to-noise ratio on the MT-GE images was equal to that of T2-weighted spin-echo images. However, for detecting spinal cord MS lesions in the sagittal plane, the spin-echo images were preferred to the MT-GE images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lycklama à Nijeholt
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Castelijns
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: van Waesberghe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valk
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jongen
authors.forename: O R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Hommes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016477:Artifacts; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D011897:Random Allocation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology*; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology