title: Stroke rehabilitation: are highly structured units more conducive to physical activity than less structured units?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the physical design and organizational structure of rehabilitation units is related to the amount of patients' motor activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observational study was conducted; time samples of the motor activity of patients following stroke were taken between 7AM and 7PM both on weekdays and weekends.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two rehabilitation units associated with general hospitals with different physical design and organizational structure. One unit was spread over a large area and had a highly organized daily structure; the other was small and informally organized.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatients with hemiplegia as a result of stroke who gave consent to participate.
  
  
  METHODS
  The nature and frequency of 14 motor activities were compared between units.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was found in any of the observed motor activities between the units when using independent groups t tests (p = 0.1-0.8). Subjects in both units spent more than 70% of their day in activities largely unrelated to physical outcome (eg, conversing with visitors or doing nothing observable) and less than 20% of the day in activities that could potentially contribute to their recovery (eg, in therapy or exercising independently).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rehabilitation units are not functioning as learning environments. The challenge is to identify and implement measures that will change this finding.
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Department, Illawarra Regional Hospital, Wollongong, Australia.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mackey
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ada
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers / Q000458:organization & administration*