title: Mutagenic activation of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine by pancreatic juice and assessment of its ductal tumorigenicity following intraductal administration in dogs.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that systemic administration (s.c. and i.p.) of BOP induces liver damage due to BOP itself and/or its metabolites which might be formed in the liver and that interaction of BOP itself in the pancreatic duct with pancreatic juice plays an important role for pancreatic duct tumorigenicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mutagenic activation and pancreatic duct tumorigenicity of N-nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) administered s.c., i.p., and i.d. were studied in dogs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following i.p. administration of BOP, N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl) (2-oxopropyl)amine (HPOP) and N-nitrosobis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP), but not BOP, were detected in pancreatic juice, while following i.d. administration, only BOP was detected. The pancreatic juice of one dog that received 100 mg of BOP i.d. showed positive mutagenicity towards Salmonella typhimurium TA100, but the pancreatic juice of two dogs that received 100 mg of BOP i.p. was not mutagenic. BOP showed clear mutagenicity in the presence of pancreatic juice from untreated dogs, but the pancreatic juice could not activate HPOP and BHP to mutagens. BOP administered sc for 2 wk (total dose: 600 mg) induced clinical toxicity, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite at 10 wk. BOP administered i.p. for 4 mo (total dose: 2000 mg) induced liver damage at 6 mo, but no pancreatic injury. BOP administered i.d. for 6.5 or 12 mo (total dose: 2500 or 4700 mg, respectively) induced papillary hyperplasia and dysplasia of duct epithelial cells and ductal proliferation with fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamano
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Konishi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000737:chemistry*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000473:pathology; D010189:Pancreatic Juice / Q000378:metabolism*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009153:Mutagens; D009602:Nitrosamines; C013622:nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine