title: Orbital emphysema and the medial orbital wall: a review of the literature with particular reference to that associated with indirect trauma and possible blindness.
abstract: Orbital emphysema is not an uncommon finding following fractures of the facial skeleton. Both its significance as a threat to sight and its diagnostic value may well be underestimated. Fractures of the paranasal sinuses may occur as a result of indirect trauma. This article reviews the literature on the subject with particular reference to blindness as a possible sequel. Two cases of orbital wall fracture that occurred as a result of indirect trauma and which produced orbital emphysema are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bedford Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Simpson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001766:Blindness / Q000209:etiology*; D004646:Emphysema / Q000209:etiology*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000293:injuries; D005260:Female; D018460:Fractures, Comminuted / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000150:complications*; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000293:injuries; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000150:complications