title: Inhibition of adhesion of Clostridium difficile to Caco-2 cells.
abstract: For many microorganisms, including Clostridium difficile, mucosal association is an important factor influencing intestinal colonisation and subsequent infection. Inhibition of adhesion of C. difficile to intestinal mucosa could be a new promising strategy for prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. We investigated the possibilities of influencing the adhesion of C. difficile by xylitol and bovine colostrum whey. Caco-2 cells and C. difficile cells were incubated with 1%, 5% and 10% solutions of xylitol and colostrum. Our study revealed that both xylitol and colostrum inhibited the adhesion of C. difficile to Caco-2 cells. Inhibition by xylitol was dose-dependent. When compared to the control, the count of adherent C. difficile decreased 3.4 times when treated with 1% xylitol, 12 times when 5% xylitol was applied, and 18.7 times when treated with 10% xylitol. The inhibition of adherence by colostrum was partially dose-dependent: 3.1 times in the case of 1%, and 5.5 times in the cases of 5% and 10% colostrum. Further experimental and clinical studies are needed for the application of xylitol and colostrum in the treatment and prophylaxis of pseudomembraneous colitis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, University of Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Naaber
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lehto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salminen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mikelsaar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002417:Cattle; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003126:Colostrum / Q000382:microbiology; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014774:Virulence; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D014993:Xylitol / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008894:Milk Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D014993:Xylitol