title: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of sumatriptan in migraine patients with headache recurrence or no response.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sumatriptan is effective in the acute treatment of migraine. However, about 15% of patients with migraine do not experience headache relief after sumatriptan, and up to 40% may experience recurrence of headache within 24 hours. We studied whether pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic differences may explain these different clinical effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the pharmacokinetic profiles of subcutaneous sumatriptan in 14 patients who consistently had headache relief without headache recurrence, in 12 patients who had headache recurrence in every attack, and in six patients who did not have headache relief after sumatriptan. Because the antimigraine action of sumatriptan may be mediated through vasoconstriction of cranial blood vessels, we also compared in these patients changes in blood vessel diameter and blood velocity in the common, internal, and external carotid arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite sufficient power of the study, no important differences in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles between the three patient groups were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Headache recurrence and lack of headache relief after sumatriptan do not appear to be explained by pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic differences between patients, which may be an important finding for the development of novel antimigraine drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Leiden University Hospital, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burggraaf
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Schoemaker
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ferrari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012008:Recurrence; D018170:Sumatriptan / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D018170:Sumatriptan