title: Urethral recurrence in patients with orthotopic ileal neobladders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We identified the risk of urethral recurrence following cystectomy for transitions cell bladder carcinoma, stratified by pathological characteristics of the bladder tumor and type of urinary diversion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pathological characteristics and clinical courses of 174 men with a Kock ileal neobladder and 262 with a cutaneous urinary diversion were analyzed for time to urethral recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urethral recurrence was identified in 34 patients at a median of 1.6 years after cystectomy, for an overall 7.9% 5-year risk of recurrence. Carcinoma in situ (p = 0.71) and multifocality (p = 0.17) did not independently confer an increased risk of recurrence. Prostatic urethral involvement, particularly stromal invasion, significantly increased the probability of recurrence (p < 0.001). Patients with a Kock ileal neobladder had a significantly lower probability of recurrence compared to those with cutaneous diversion (p = 0.015), even when associated with prostatic urethral involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with a Kock ileal neobladder have a lower risk of urethral recurrence than those with cutaneous urinary diversion, even when associated with a high risk pathological condition predicting increased risk of urethral recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Tarter
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Esrig
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Elmajian
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Groshen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lieskovsky
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Skinner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000637:transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014523:Urethral Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion