title: Laparoscopic percutaneous jejunostomy for long term enteral access.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients suffering from upper gastrointestinal pathology may require jejunal feeding for adequate nutrition. A laparoscopically guided percutaneous jejunostomy offers a minimally invasive means of obtaining such feeding access.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laparoscopic jejunostomy was performed in 32 patients. The most common indications were gastroparesis (n = 16), neurological deficits (n = 7), and proximal obstruction (n = 5). The proximal jejunum was affixed to the abdominal wall using intracorporeal and extracorporeal transabdominal sutures, allowing safe insertion of an 18-Fr Silastic dual-lumen tube.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Laparoscopic jejunostomy was successfully completed for 28 patients; the procedure was converted to an open operation in four cases. Three of these four were among 14 patients undergoing the procedure who had a history of previous abdominal surgery. Major complications were observed in seven patients, including one reoperation and one death from aspiration pneumonia. Tube feeding was accomplished in all patients; progression to full enteral feeding proceeded without interruption in 20 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic jejunostomy can be performed with relative safety. Morbidity, though high, is usually related to preexisting disease. Previous abdominal surgery is not necessarily a contraindication to laparoscopic jejunostomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hotokezaka
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: McCallum
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Schirmer
mesh_terms: D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D018589:Gastroparesis / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007582:Jejunostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged