title: Linomide reduces the rate of active lesions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
abstract: The synthetic immunomodulator Linomide, a quinoline-3-carboxamide, has a profound inhibitory influence in several experimental autoimmune diseases, including acute and chronic experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. In a double-blind trial, 31 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were randomized to oral doses of 2.5 mg Linomide or placebo once a day for six months. Fourteen patients receiving Linomide and 14 receiving placebo completed the trial, and the results were based on this population. The mean number of active (new and enlarged T2 weighted) lesions per monthly MRI scan was 1.37 in the patients receiving Linomide and 4.22 in the patients receiving placebo (p = 0.043). The percentage of scans with active MRI lesions was lower in the Linomide-treated group (p = 0.0064). When neurologic deficit was assessed by the Regional Functional Scoring System (RFSS), the Linomide group showed an improvement of 1% of the maximal RFSS range and the placebo group a deterioration of 0.2% (p = 0.14). There were three patients with relapses in the Linomide-treated group and six in the placebo group (p = 0.22). A slightly decreased proportion of natural killer cells in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood was noted in the Linomide group. A severe adverse event of pleuropericarditis occurred in one of the Linomide-treated patients. The most frequent adverse event was musculoskeletal pain, of mild to severe degree, which tended to diminish after three months on Linomide therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lycke
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Tollesson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Svenningsson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Runmarker
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Linde
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aström
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gjörstrup
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekholm
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006912:Hydroxyquinolines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D006912:Hydroxyquinolines; C045282:roquinimex