title: Balloon angioplasty and induction of non-endothelial nitric oxide synthase in rabbit carotid arteries.
abstract: The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether balloon angioplasty is associated with changes in nitric oxide synthase (NO synthase) activity. Normal rabbit carotid arteries were examined 10 min or 1, 2, 3 or 10 weeks after angioplasty with 2 or 2.5-mm balloons. Immunohistology was used to evaluate intimal thickening and endothelial cell regeneration. The NO synthase activity was studied functionally using isolated segments in organ chambers. Immunohistochemistry of the endothelial cell markers von Willebrand factor and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 indicated that the regeneration of endothelial cells from patchy islands that remained after angioplasty was virtually complete within 2 weeks. However, the endothelium-dependent relaxations elicited by acetylcholine remained impaired up to 10 weeks after dilation. Contractions elicited by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were attenuated, but were significantly augmented by the NO synthase blocker, nitro-L-arginine. Furthermore, in contrast to normal arteries, the balloon-treated arteries developed marked contractions in response to nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), contractions which could be reversed by L-arginine. The latter contractions and relaxations were not influenced by endothelial removal. These results suggest that although the endothelium quickly regenerates after severe balloon injury, the endothelium-dependent release of nitric oxide remains disturbed. However, the functional data also suggest that angioplasty led to a significant induction of NO synthase in 'non-endothelial' cells of the artery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University of Antwerp (UIA), Belgium.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bosmans
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bult
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Vrints
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kockx
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Herman
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester