title: Swelling-activated amino acid efflux in the human neuroblastoma cell line CHP-100.
abstract: 1. The effects of hypoosmotic stress on cell volume and amino acid efflux were evaluated in the human neuroblastoma cell line CHP-100 with the Coulter Counter Multisizer and radiolabeled amino acid efflux, respectively. 2. CHP-100 cells swelled by approximately 35 +/- 5% (means +/- SE) when the osmolarity of the solution was decreased from 290 to 190 mOsm/kg H2O. The rapid swelling was followed by a biphasic regulatory volume decrease (RVD). 3. In cells loaded with 14C-taurine, hypoosmotic stress induced a 300 +/- 22% (n = 23, P < 0.05) increase in taurine efflux compared with controls. This efflux was inhibited by the chloride channel blockers 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid (NPPB), 4,4'-diisothio-cyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS), niflumic acid and by the volume-activated anion channel blocker tamoxifen. In addition, the swelling-activated taurine efflux was dependent upon extracellular calcium. 4. Similarly, in cells loaded with 14C-glycine, hypoosmotic stress significantly increased glycine efflux, which was also sensitive to NPPB. In contrast, efflux of 3H-glutamate was not significantly altered after hypoosmotic stress. 5. With the use of patch clamp recording techniques, Cl- channels were activated in cell attached patches after exposure to hypoosmotic solutions. 6. In nystatin perforated patches, permeability of the hypoosmotically activated anion channel was observed to be SCN- > I- > Br- > Cl- >> Glutamate. 7. It is concluded that in CHP-100 cells, anion channels are activated during hypoosmotic stress and these channels represent a pathway for efflux of amino acids.
authors.affiliation: University Laboratory of Physiology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Basavappa
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Mangel
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Lebedev
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Knauf
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ellory
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005998:Glycine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013654:Taurine / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D013654:Taurine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005998:Glycine