title: Effects of GABA uptake inhibitors on posthypoxic myoclonus in rats.
abstract: Male Sprague-Dawley rats developed posthypoxic myoclonus following 10-min cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Previous results showed that dysfunction of central GABAergic neurotransmission may contribute to the disease. In current studies, effects of GABA uptake inhibitors, guvacine hydrochloride (1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-3-pyridine carboxylic acid hydrochloride) and (+/-)-cis-4-hydroxynipecotic acid ([+/-]-cis-4-hydroxy-3-piperidine carboxylic acid), in the pathophysiology of posthypoxic myoclonus were investigated. Administration of guvacine (1 or 10 mg/kg, IP) or nipecotic acid (0.5 or 5 mg/kg, IP) significantly attenuated myoclonus scores of the animals. Tolerance to antimyoclonus effects of these two compounds did not develop after chronic administration (twice a day for 14 days) of guvacine (10 mg/kg, IP) or nipecotic acid (5 mg/kg, IP). On the other hand, tolerance was noticed with clonazepam (2.5 mg/kg, IP twice a day for 7 days). The results indicate that guvacine or nipecotic acid may be used in combination with (at reduced doses) or as alternatives to clonazepam to treat patients with the disease so as to reduce tolerance phenomenon usually associated with clonazepam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine 92717, USA.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Jaw
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Q T
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Vuong
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Trinh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Truong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018757:GABA Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009539:Nicotinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D018757:GABA Modulators; D009539:Nicotinic Acids; C015910:guvacine; D002998:Clonazepam