title: Computer-administration of questionnaires: a health screening system (HSS) developed for veterans.
abstract: The introduction of microcomputers in psychological research has spawned a burgeoning number of tests of psychological or behavioral function, but few computerized systems for administering questionnaires have been developed. A Health Screening System (HSS) is described that combines the benefits of the paper-and-pencil format (e.g., convenient navigation within test questions) and the added benefits of computer-implementation (e.g., efficiency, automated scoring). The HSS features; a) appealing test appearance (e.g., text in large-size fonts, color backgrounds); b) clear wording of tests and instructions (identical wording as original tests except when clarity is served by changes); c) limiting need for Examiner-Subject interaction (e.g., continuously available on-line training, navigation within test questions, answer review capability, durable 9-button response unit); d) options (e.g., question skipping, spoken instructions, test questions, and answers on command); e) modification capabilities (e.g., color, text, test layout editing, control of test order, automated breaks, addition of tests to system); and f) extras (e.g., kernel of main instruction on each test screen, digitized video, audio message from Examiner in training, copyright notification on each screen, raw and summary data outputs in spreadsheet formal). Ten HSS tests were administered to 22 US military veterans, who took slightly longer to complete them than did 10 veterans who were administered the same tests in their original paper-and-pencil format. User reaction to the computerized HSS was positive.
authors.affiliation: Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kovera
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Anger
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Binder
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Storzbach
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rohlman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008838:Microcomputers; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans