Xanthine oxidoreductase. Biochemical, biological and pathogenic functions.
Primary biochemical role of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR, EC 1.1.1.204 and EC 1.1.3.22.) is the hydroxylation of hypoxathine and xanthine to form uric acid. This enzyme may produce very reactive oxygen forms which can be pathogenic. Although it is one of the longest known and most continuously studied enzymes, its biological function remains unclear. The review of these aspects is discussed in relation to the authors' experimental results.
Stipek
S
S
1st Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic.
Novak
L
L
Crkovska
J
J
Zima
T
T
Platenik
J
J
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D019820:Xanthine; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014970:Xanthines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014970:Xanthines; D019820:Xanthine; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase