title: Adequacy of haemodialysis and nutrition in maintenance haemodialysis patients: clinical evaluation of a new on-line urea monitor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent developments in urea sensing monitoring show a good agreement between on-line and direct dialysis quantification which permits evaluation of both effective dialysis efficiency and protein catabolic rate of dialysis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty chronic haemodialysis patients were enrolled in a prospective study using an automatic urea sensing monitor operating on spent dialysate (U.M. 1000, Baxter). Dietary protein intake (DPI) and energy intake (DEI) were carefully evaluated by a skilled dietitian over 1 week. During this run U.M. 1000 was used to provide urea mass removed, effective Kt/V, and normalized nPCR. Blood samples were drawn pre- and post-dialysis for classical blood-based single pool Kt/V calculations at each session.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For all patients results were as follows (mean +/- SD): Effective Kt/V 1.4 +/- 0.3, nPCR 1.2 +/- 0.3 g/Kg/day, DPI 1.2 +/- 0.3 g/Kg/day and DEI 30.1 +/- 7.2 Kcal/kg/day; blood-based single pool Kt/V 1.5 +/- 0.3. A strong correlation was found between nPCR and DPI for the 50 patients over 1 week (r = 0.75, P < 0.0001) and between effective Kt/V and single pool calculated Kt/V (r = 0.76).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urea Monitor 1000 is easy and convenient to use and there was a good correlation of the predialysis BUN and effective Kt/V with standard blood-side measurements. In stable haemodialysis patients who are not strongly catabolic or anabolic, the urea monitor measurement of nPCR correlated with DPI measured by a 7-day dietary record.
authors.affiliation: Edouard Rist Medical Center, Paris, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chauveau
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Naret
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Puget
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zins
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Poignet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001330:Electronic Data Processing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012044:Regression Analysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D014508:Urea