Dipyridamole and dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Comparison with exercise stress test, analysis of agreement, and impact of antianginal treatment.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the usefulness of dipyridamole echocardiography, dobutamine-atropine echocardiography, and exercise stress testing in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease and to analyze the agreement among the tests.


METHODS
Performance of these three tests in random order on a consecutive cohort of patients.


METHODS
A tertiary care and university center.


METHODS
One hundred two consecutive patients with chest pain and no history of coronary artery disease.


METHODS
Dipyridamole echocardiography, dobutamine-atropine echocardiography, exercise stress testing, and coronary angiography.


RESULTS
Dobutamine-atropine test was positive in 49 (77%) of 63 patients with coronary artery disease, dipyridamole test in 49 (77%), and exercise stress test in 44 (68%; p = NS). Both echocardiographic tests showed an overall specificity (dipyridamole, 97%; dobutamine, 95%) higher than exercise stress test (79%; p < 0.05). Sensitivity of dipyridamole testing decreased from 93 to 61% (p = 0.002) if patients were receiving antianginal treatment but sensitivity of dobutamine-atropine testing was not affected (77% in patients receiving and not receiving treatment). When results were considered as positive-negative, agreement between dipyridamole and dobutamine-atropine echocardiography was 85% (kappa = 0.70). With regards to regional analysis, concordance was good (93% for segments, kappa = 0.76; and 95% for coronary arteries, kappa = 0.92). Major complications were more frequent during dobutamine-atropine (n = 7) than during dipyridamole infusion (n = 2) (p = 0.06).


CONCLUSIONS
Dobutamine-atropine and dipyridamole echocardiography have a similar sensitivity and a higher specificity than that obtained by exercise ECG for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Similar information is obtained with dipyridamole and dobutamine-atropine echocardiography. It is our thought that pharmacologic stress echocardiography should be used as a first-step test to rule out coronary artery disease in patients not capable of exercising.
Division of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario, Valladolid, Spain.
J A
JA
San Román
I
I
Vilacosta
J A
JA
Castillo
M J
MJ
Rollán
V
V
Peral
L
L
Sánchez-Harguindey
F
F
Fernández-Avilés
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001285:Atropine / Q000009:adverse effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D004176:Dipyridamole / Q000009:adverse effects; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000009:adverse effects; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000009:adverse effects
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D004280:Dobutamine; D004176:Dipyridamole; D001285:Atropine