Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a human immunodeficiency virus type 2 recombinant canarypox (ALVAC) vaccine candidate in cynomolgus monkeys.
The efficacy of a recombinant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2 canarypox (ALVAC HIV-2) vaccine candidate given alone or in combination with HIV-2 envelope gp125 or HIV-2 V3 synthetic peptides was investigated in 14 cynomolgus monkeys. High antibody titers to HIV-2 gp125 were demonstrated in monkeys given booster immunizations with gp125. Neutralizing antibody titers were low (< or = 20) in all monkeys except 2. Significant lymphocyte proliferative responses to killed HIV-2 virions were observed in monkeys given booster immunizations with gp125. HIV-2-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes were demonstrated prior to viral challenge in 3 of 12 monkeys. After challenge with homologous cell-free HIV-2 propagated in monkey cells, 4 of 10 monkeys immunized with ALVAC HIV-2 plus HIV-2 gp125 or V3 peptides were protected, as determined by negative virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction for viral DNA. Four monkeys immunized with ALVAC HIV-2 alone were not protected. All 12 control monkeys became infected. There was no correlation between the immunologic parameters studied and protection against infection in the vaccinated monkeys.
Andersson
S
S
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm, Sweden.
Mäkitalo
B
B
Thorstensson
R
R
Franchini
G
G
Tartaglia
J
J
Limbach
K
K
Paoletti
E
E
Putkonen
P
P
Biberfeld
G
G
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology*; D007114:Immunization; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology*
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic