Laser applications in the tracheobronchial tree.
This article outlines the historical development of the use of lasers in the tracheobronchial tree, the current indications for the use of carbon dioxide and neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet lasers, and the management of complications. The merits of other laser wavelengths are mentioned, including use of the potassium titanyl phosphate laser in the pediatric airway. Photodynamic therapy is discussed, and some future developments are introduced.
Rebeiz
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Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111-1533, USA.
Shapsay
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D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002648:Child; D004724:Endoscopy; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods; D009354:Neodymium; D010710:Phosphates; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D014025:Titanium; D014133:Tracheal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D015019:Yttrium
D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D010710:Phosphates; C064806:potassium titanylphosphate; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009354:Neodymium; D015019:Yttrium; D014025:Titanium