Decrease in milk and blood dioxin levels over two years in a mother nursing twins: estimates of decreased maternal and increased infant dioxin body burden from nursing.
This study addresses the issue of breast-feeding and its reduction of maternal dioxin body burden. Nursing is also a source of infant dioxin exposure. This study extends our previous efforts to investigate a nursing mother's milk and blood dioxin levels. We report polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQs) in milk (M) and blood (B) both before and also after two years of nursing twins to be 16.9 ppt (M), 14.9 ppt (B), and 3.1 ppt (M) and 4.9 ppt (B), respectively. The ratios of measured congeners comparing milk to whole blood from a nursing mother taken initially and after two years of nursing vary from 0.36 to 8.40 in 1992 and 0.17 to 1.0 in 1994. The mother's body burden was initially calculated to be 329 ng TEQ from milk levels and 291 ng TEQ from blood levels using samples taken in February 1992 and decreased to 60.1 ng TEQ from milk and 96 ng TEQ from measured blood using samples collected in December 1994. We calculate that the excretion of dioxin TEQ by the mother through breast-feeding is 269 ng TEQ, which is similar to the 303 ng TEQ estimated total dioxin intake by the twins over two years. The average daily dioxin intake from nursing is 66 pg TEQ/kg-BW/day for each twin over the two years.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Campus, State University of New York, Health Science Center-Syracuse, Binghamton 13903, USA.
A
A
Schecter
O
O
Papke
A
A
Lis
M
M
Ball
J J
JJ
Ryan
J R
JR
Olson
L
L
Li
H
H
Kessler
D001572:Benzofurans / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001822:Body Burden; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004147:Dioxins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011108:Polymers / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014427:Twins
D001572:Benzofurans; D004147:Dioxins; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011108:Polymers; C016068:polychlorodibenzofuran