Comparison of IL-2- and IL-4-transfected B16-F10 cells with a novel oil-microemulsion adjuvant for B16-F10 whole cell tumour vaccine.
The use of whole cell tumour vaccines in the treatment of malignant melanoma has given mixed results. Cytokine-transfected tumour cells as vaccine have shown efficacy in animal models but need to be compared with other means of enhancing a systemic anti-tumour immune response. A new generation of immunological adjuvants claimed to be more effective than the conventional adjuvants is now available for assessment. We have investigated the action of an oil-microemulsion adjuvant formulation (IDEC antigen formulation (IDEC-AF)) in the B16-F10 murine melanoma model. After standardisation of the whole cell tumour vaccination protocol we showed that mice vaccinated with whole irradiated cells combined with IDEC-AF produced a significant inhibition of tumour growth, following a challenge with live tumour cells, when compared with mice vaccinated with whole cell vaccine alone. IDEC-AF was superior to two conventional adjuvants, namely alum and incomplete Freund's adjuvant and a more reliable response was achieved with the oil-microemulsion adjuvant compared with IL-2-transfected cells. In addition, the adjuvant was comparable in efficacy to IL-4-transfected B16-F10 cells. Given the practical difficulty in using cytokine-transfected tumour cells and the limited therapeutic range of some cytokines, a cheap and easy to deliver adjuvant formulation proved equally or more effective than some of the currently clinically used transfected cytokines.
Souberbielle
B E
BE
Divisions of Oncology, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
Knight
B C
BC
Morrow
W J
WJ
Darling
D
D
Fraziano
M
M
Marriott
J B
JB
Cookson
S
S
Farzaneh
F
F
Dalgleish
A G
AG
D000534:Alum Compounds; D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009821:Oils; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014611:Vaccination; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology*
D000534:Alum Compounds; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D009821:Oils; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D015847:Interleukin-4; C041524:aluminum sulfate; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant