Do dietary phytochemicals with cytochrome P-450 enzyme-inducing activity increase high-density-lipoprotein concentrations in humans?
Low plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease. Several drugs that induce the microsomal cytochrome P-450-dependent enzyme system in liver and intestine, the sites of HDL apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and A-II synthesis, raise plasma HDL concentrations in humans. To test the hypothesis that phytochemicals with cytochrome P-450-inducing activity may also increase plasma HDL concentrations, two controlled dietary trials were undertaken in healthy nonsmoking males aged 20-28 y. One study examined the effect of replacing 300 g glucosinolate-free vegetables with 300 g Brussels sprouts/d for 3 wk. The other study examined the effects of 150 mg eugenol/d in capsule form, using a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. There were no significant increases in plasma apo A-I, apo A-II, HDL cholesterol, or HDL phospholipids. These results suggest that dietary phytochemicals that induce members of the cytochrome P-450 system do not necessarily raise plasma HDL concentrations in humans, but do not exclude the possibility that some phytochemicals may have such an effect.
Department of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, London, United Kingdom.
M N
MN
Nanjee
H
H
Verhagen
G
G
van Poppel
C J
CJ
Rompelberg
P J
PJ
van Bladeren
N E
NE
Miller
D000328:Adult; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001937:Brassica; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005054:Eugenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000201:enzymology; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D014675:Vegetables
D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D005961:Glucosinolates; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D005054:Eugenol; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System