Microbial contamination of antiseptics and disinfectants.
BACKGROUND
There have been a number of reports on microbial contamination of antiseptics and disinfectants. At present, however, the necessity of measures to prevent contamination do not seem to be fully appreciated. We investigated microbial contamination of antiseptics and disinfectants that are used in our hospital.


METHODS
Fifty-one samples of benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate that were being used in the hospital were examined. Viability of the contaminants detected in these samples was also tested in the agents. Then we examined measures to prevent contamination of these agents.


RESULTS
Microbial contamination was detected at 10(2) to 10(7) CFU/ml in the following samples: 6 of 23 samples of cotton balls soaked in 0.02% benzalkonium chloride kept in a canister for antisepsis and disinfection (26.1%); 7 of 13 samples of 0.02%, benzalkonium chloride or 0.02% chlorhexidine gluconate in an irrigation apparatus kept at 37 degrees C for vaginal douching (53.8%); and 9 of 15 samples of 0.02% benzalkonium chloride or 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate for storage of suction catheters in a plastic bottle (60%). The major contaminants were Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Xanthomonas maltophilia, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The first two organisms examined grew in the agents. After improvements in the handling of the antiseptics and disinfectants, no microbial contamination was observed.


CONCLUSIONS
It is necessary to check microbial contamination of diluted benzalkonium chloride and diluted chlorhexidine gluconate that are in use. Such products are not recommended as antiseptics.
Department of Pharmacy, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Japan.
S
S
Oie
A
A
Kamiya
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D002710:Chlorhexidine; D004340:Drug Contamination; D006761:Hospitals; D007564:Japan; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D002710:Chlorhexidine