Polycythaemia and agoraphobia.
Using single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT), we demonstrated that in patient A, a 20-year-old male with polycythaemia, the cerebral blood flow was decreased (presumably as a result of increased viscosity and or microemboli), probably leading to frightening visual distortions (dysmorphopsia) associated with scintillating specks of bright colors (Teichopsia). This had presumably precipitated agoraphobia. After hospitalization, when the patient had not responded to efforts at systematic desensitization, he improved through a combination of multiple venesections and antiplatelet aggregation therapy (aspirin 75 mg o.d.) over 3 months combined with systematic desensitization. A subsequent SPECT demonstrated an increase in cerebral blood flow to normal levels, which coincided with improvement of agoraphobic symptoms and disappearance of visual distortions on further follow-up. This paper depicts another yet undocumented example of an alarming physical symptom probably leading to a cognitively-based panic sufficient to cause agoraphobia by classical conditioning. It also suggests that prior treatment of such physical symptoms is likely to facilitate the process of systematic desensitization.
Department of Psychiatry, UCL Medical School, University of London, UK.
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Haghighat
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Costa
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Chesser
D000328:Adult; D000379:Agoraphobia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D011086:Polycythemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon