Recent advances in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis: implications to altered regulations of cellular Ca2+ and Na(+)-H+ exchange in essential hypertension.
This review covers the role of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum in regulating Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane, the role of cytosolic free Ca2+ in modulating mitochondrial function, and the role of the plasma membrane in regulating sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+, focusing on recent findings that shed a new light on cellular Ca2+ regulation. Mechanisms of interactions among the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and the plasma membrane are discussed with a view to explain the lack of consensus regarding the relationship between the cytosolic free Ca2+ and blood pressure, and the enigmatic behavior of the Na(+)-H+ exchanger in blood cells (primarily platelets and lymphocytes) from patients with essential hypertension.
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University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103-2714, USA.
D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000502:physiology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000378:metabolism*
D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D002118:Calcium