Dynamic reconstruction of the oropharyngeal swallow using computer based animation.
The oropharyngeal swallow was modeled with computer based animation using data from biplane videofluorographic and dynamic CT images of 10 ml liquid swallows of a volunteer subject. Tracings of oropharyngeal structures from synchronized, magnification adjusted, images of the posterior-anterior, lateral, and cross-sectional planes were aligned in three dimensions with graphics animation software. Twenty oropharyngeal configurations were created at 1/15 second intervals to dynamically illustrate the swallow. These three-dimensional reconfigurations could be sequenced into an animation routine. Software analysis of the model permitted quantification of structural movement and intrapharyngeal volume across time. Such analyses can be used to detail both the efficacy of individual functional elements of the swallow as well as global pump function. It is hoped that modeling the oropharyngeal swallow will be useful to analyze mechanisms of dysphagia and the mechanics of compensatory therapeutic strategies.
Lin
S
S
Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611-3053, USA.
Chen
J
J
Hertz
P
P
Kahrilas
P J
PJ
D000328:Adult; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D004825:Epiglottis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007830:Larynx / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014059:Tongue / Q000502:physiology; D014741:Video Recording