Therapeutic availability of iron administered orally as the ferrous gluconate together with magnesium-L-aspartate hydrochloride.
Since in vitro experiments had excluded interactions between Fe-gluconate (Fe-gluc) and magnesium-L-aspartate hydrochloride (MAH) in aqueous solutions the present in vivo studies seemed to be justified. Animal studies: Rats were kept on magnesium-(Mg)- and iron-(Fe)- sufficient and deficient diets. The intragastral administration of Fe-gluc significantly increased plasma Fe after 3 h, either given alone, or in combination with MAH (inducing hypermagnesemia). Same results were obtained when fortified diets were offered to Fe/Mg-deficient animals. Human studies: The combination of Fe-gluc (2 x 50 mg Fe per day, per os) plus MAH (2 x 7.5 mmol Mg per day, p.o.) was well tolerated by healthy volunteers. Single dose experiments revealed that Fe-gluc alone and in combination with MAH increased plasma Fe levels during 3 h to the same extent. Two groups of pregnant women with moderately reduced hemoglobin levels either received Fe-gluc (out-patients) or its combination with MAH (at least temporarily hospitalised because of preterm labor). Treatments were well tolerated. Hemoglobin levels did not further decrease, as expected without Fe supplements, during the course of pregnancy, thus indicating the therapeutic availability of the electrolytes in both study groups. Progesterone-induced constipation is frequently observed during pregnancy; hence stool softening reported by 50% of the women receiving Fe-gluc plus MAH (versus 33% in the Fe-gluc group) can be regarded as desirable effect. It is concluded that MAH does not interfere with the enteral absorption of Fe-gluc when both electrolytes are orally administered together. Taking both electrolytes together instead of 2 to 3 h apart from each other, as actually recommended, means a less complicated dosage regimen and probably improves compliance.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart-Hohenheim, Germany.
G
G
Disch
H G
HG
Classen
L
L
Spätling
U
U
Leifert
E
E
Schumacher
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007501:Iron / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D007501:Iron; D008274:Magnesium; C011819:ferrous gluconate