Epidermal growth factor receptor in the vesical urothelium of paraplegic and tetraplegic patients: an immunohistochemical study.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients are at high risk of developing cystitis, and vesical neoplasia. As abnormal growth regulation of urothelium may be a predisposing factor for cystitis and vesical neoplasia, we studied alterations if any, in the expression and localization of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGRF) in the vesical urothelium by an immuno-histochemical technique, using monoclonal mouse anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor antibody (DAKO-EGFRI) in cold-cup biopsies taken from the trigone of the urinary bladder in 18 adult SCI patients who had a neuropathic bladder. Abnormal localisation of EGFR-p, i.e. cytoplasmic, was noted in 13 patients. A linear localization of EGFR-p along the cell membrane of the urothelium, considered as an essential requirement for effective function, was observed in only three cases. Combined cytoplasmic and cell membrane location of EGFR-p was seen in two patients. The three patients with cell membrane location of EGFR-p showed a strong expression of EGFR-p (2+, 2-3+, and 4+, respectively); the intensity of EGFR-p expression in cases of cytoplasmic immunostaining varied considerably. Histopathology revealed denuding cystitis in one; follicular cystitis in four; active inflammatory infiltrate in three; lymphocytic infiltrate in three; squamous metaplasia in six; and intestinal metaplasia in three biopsy specimens. The three specimens showing cell membrane location of EGFR-p were from patients who did not have an indwelling urethral catheter (a paraplegic man practising intermittent self-catheterisation, a tetraplegic patient on penile condom drainage, and a tetraplegic woman with reflex voiding), and histopathology revealed very little inflammatory infiltrate. In contrast, the biopsies from all the nine patients, who were on indwelling urethral catheter drainage and in whom the bladder biopsy revealed varying degree of cystitis, showed only cytoplasmic location of EGFR-p. Similarly, the biopsies from patients with bladder stone (n = 6) showed only cytoplasmic localisation of EGFR-p. In conclusion, abnormalities in vesical urothelial expression in EGFR in SCI patients may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystitis, vesical urothelial metaplasia, dysplasia and neoplasia.
Department of Fetal and Infant Pathology, University of Liverpool, UK.
D
D
van Velzen
K R
KR
Krishnan
K F
KF
Parsons
B M
BM
Soni
M H
MH
Fraser
S
S
Vaidyanathan
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D003556:Cystitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
D066246:ErbB Receptors