Alopecia and mood stabilizer therapy.
Alopecia is a common side effect in patients managed on the mood stabilizers lithium, valproate, and carbamazepine. Clinicians may be reluctant to discontinue medications in patients suffering from hair loss if the mood stabilizer is otherwise efficacious. Therefore it is important to be familiar with the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of alopecia. A single representative case is provided to illustrate briefly the common presentation of a patient with mood stabilizer-induced alopecia. A literature search was conducted to provide the basis for discussion of diagnosis, the association of mood stabilizers with alopecia, and some management options of this side effect. The diagnosis of alopecia requires an understanding of normal hair growth and is best made following a careful history, an examination, and the maintenance of a high level of suspicion. Alopecia occurs in about 10% of persons managed on lithium, up to 12% of persons on valproate, and less than 6% of individuals on carbamazepine. Management of alopecia includes reassurance, hair care techniques, trace mineral supplementation, treatment with minoxidil, and hair replacement pieces. Alopecia due to mood stabilizer drugs can be potentially identified and managed without medication discontinuation.
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA.
P A
PA
McKinney
R D
RD
Finkenbine
C L
CL
DeVane
D000328:Adult; D000505:Alopecia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019090:Case Management; D004049:Diethylcarbamazine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008094:Lithium / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*
D018692:Antimanic Agents; D014635:Valproic Acid; D008094:Lithium; D004049:Diethylcarbamazine