Cyclophosphamide associated bladder cancer--a highly aggressive disease: analysis of 12 cases.
OBJECTIVE
We gained knowledge of the etiology, treatment and prevention of cyclophosphamide associated urothelial cancer.


METHODS
The medical records of 6 men and 6 women (mean age 55 years) with cyclophosphamide associated bladder cancer were reviewed.


RESULTS
All tumors were grade 3 or 4 transitional cell carcinoma. Of the 5 patients initially treated with endoscopic resection alone only 1 is alive without disease. Of the 6 patients who underwent early cystectomy 4 were alive at 24 to 111 months. The remaining patient with extensive cancer underwent partial cystectomy for palliation and died 3 months later.


CONCLUSIONS
Cyclophosphamide associated bladder tumor is an aggressive disease. However, long-term survival is possible when radical cystectomy is performed for bladder tumors with any sign of invasion and for recurrent high grade disease, even when noninvasive.
Department of Urologic Surgery, University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
E T
ET
Fernandes
J C
JC
Manivel
P K
PK
Reddy
C J
CJ
Ercole
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000601:surgery; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000601:surgery
D003520:Cyclophosphamide