Comparison of IL-2- and IL-4-transfected B16-F10 cells with a novel oil-microemulsion adjuvant for B16-F10 whole cell tumour vaccine.
The use of whole cell tumour vaccines in the treatment of malignant melanoma has given mixed results. Cytokine-transfected tumour cells as vaccine have shown efficacy in animal models but need to be compared with other means of enhancing a systemic anti-tumour immune response. A new generation of immunological adjuvants claimed to be more effective than the conventional adjuvants is now available for assessment. We have investigated the action of an oil-microemulsion adjuvant formulation (IDEC antigen formulation (IDEC-AF)) in the B16-F10 murine melanoma model. After standardisation of the whole cell tumour vaccination protocol we showed that mice vaccinated with whole irradiated cells combined with IDEC-AF produced a significant inhibition of tumour growth, following a challenge with live tumour cells, when compared with mice vaccinated with whole cell vaccine alone. IDEC-AF was superior to two conventional adjuvants, namely alum and incomplete Freund's adjuvant and a more reliable response was achieved with the oil-microemulsion adjuvant compared with IL-2-transfected cells. In addition, the adjuvant was comparable in efficacy to IL-4-transfected B16-F10 cells. Given the practical difficulty in using cytokine-transfected tumour cells and the limited therapeutic range of some cytokines, a cheap and easy to deliver adjuvant formulation proved equally or more effective than some of the currently clinically used transfected cytokines.
Divisions of Oncology, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
B E
BE
Souberbielle
B C
BC
Knight
W J
WJ
Morrow
D
D
Darling
M
M
Fraziano
J B
JB
Marriott
S
S
Cookson
F
F
Farzaneh
A G
AG
Dalgleish
D000534:Alum Compounds; D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009821:Oils; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014611:Vaccination; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology*
D000534:Alum Compounds; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D009821:Oils; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D015847:Interleukin-4; C041524:aluminum sulfate; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant