Rapid and simple diagnosis of the two common alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor deficiency alleles Pi*Z and Pi*S by DNA analysis.
We describe a simple DNA-based method to assign the two common alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1-antitrypsin) deficiency alleles in the Pi-system (Pi*Z and Pi*S). Two sets of mutated primers are used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by a restriction enzyme digest of the products. The mutated forward primers create a Taq I site only if the wildtype alleles (mostly M or subtypes) are present and not in the presence of the Pi*Z or Pi*S alleles. The reverse primers are mutated for an invariant Taq I site which serves as an internal control site in order to assure the completion of the restriction enzyme digest. The digested PCR products can be clearly resolved by 2.5% MetaPhore-agarose gel electrophoresis. This simple PCR probing of the most common alpha 1-antiproteinase deficiency alleles can be routinely applied either to samples showing quantitatively decreased alpha 1-antiproteinase values in serum or to blood spots of Guthrie cards used for mass screening purposes. In addition, this method may provide the opportunity for a simple, rapid, and reliable prenatal diagnosis of alpha 1-antiproteinase deficiency in special cases.
Braun
A
A
Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Abteilung für Klinishce Chemie und Biochemie, Germany.
Meyer
P
P
Cleve
H
H
Roscher
A A
AA
D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000235:genetics; D019896:alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin