Left atrial thrombus in a 10-month-old boy--successful thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator after open-heart surgery: review of the literature.
A 10-month-old boy with major left atrial thrombus following cardiac surgery was treated with intravenously administered recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA; Actilyse, Thomae-Behring, Germany). The left atrial thrombus was diagnosed by Doppler echocardiography 8 days after complete correction of a ventricular septal defect. rt-PA therapy was administered over a 10-day period. Significant hemopericardium occurred 50 h after the start of thrombolytic therapy. rt-PA infusion was discontinued for 20 h to insert a pericardial drainage. The initial rt-PA dose was 0.1 mg/kg over 10 min followed by a continuous daily infusion of 1.7 mg/kg together with low-dose heparin. Thrombolytic therapy was restarted 20 h after pericardial drainage was inserted. The daily rt-PA dose was gradually raised to 3 mg/kg (total dose: 18 mg/kg). On day 7 and 8 a clear decrease in P-plasminogen and P-antithrombin occurred, requiring additional fresh frozen plasma and P-antithrombin concentrate substitution. One day later, without further side effects, complete thrombolysis occurred. Although hemopericardium demanded discontinuation of thrombolytic therapy, rt-PA administration, closely monitored by Doppler echocardiography, was continued, leading to complete thrombolysis of the left atrial thrombus in the early postoperative period. We consider the literature dealing with rt-PA thrombolysis in infancy we discuss this case report.
Kehl
H G
HG
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
Kececioglu
D
D
Vielhaber
H
H
Kotthoff
S
S
Weyand
M
M
Jorch
G
G
Vogt
J
J
Nowak-Göttl
U
U
D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator