Inhibition of the migration, attachment, spreading, growth and collagen synthesis of human gingival fibroblasts by arecoline, a major areca alkaloid, in vitro.
Because betel quid (BQ) chewing has been linked to a higher prevalence of periodontal diseases, the pathobiological effects of arecoline, a main alkaloid found in areca nut, were investigated in cultured human gingival fibroblasts. At concentrations higher than 0.4 mM, arecoline inhibits cell attachment, cell spreading and cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. These inhibitory effects were associated with intracellular depletion of glutathione (GSH). At concentrations of 0.4 mM and 1 mM, arecoline depleted about 26% and 45% of GSH after 2 h incubation. Exposure of cells to arecoline at concentrations lower than 0.4 mM for 2 h showed no significant decrease in either cell viability or intracellular GSH. However, incubation of cells for 24 h in 1 mM are colined decreased the cell numbers to only 35% of those in the untreated control. Arecoline also decreased cell growth and collagen synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Because of repeated and long-term exposure to arecoline, BQ chewers could be more susceptible to periodontal damage and less responsive to new attachment procedures.
Jeng
J H
JH
School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Lan
W H
WH
Hahn
L J
LJ
Hsieh
C C
CC
Kuo
M Y
MY
D001115:Arecoline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy
D001115:Arecoline; D003094:Collagen; D005978:Glutathione