Venous malformation of the pediatric airway.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the management of venous malformations of the pediatric airway, including diagnostic criteria and response to sclerotherapy and laser photocoagulation.


METHODS
Case series analysis of eight patients diagnosed with venous malformations of the upper airway.


METHODS
Academic, tertiary care, children's hospital.


METHODS
Eight patients (3 female, 5 male) with congenital venous malformations of the upper airway.


METHODS
Each patient underwent an individualized treatment regimen of sclerotherapy, laser photocoagulation and/or surgery.


RESULTS
The combination of sclerotherapy and laser photocoagulation appears to cause gradual regression of the malformation. Five of the eight patients will require further therapy; two patients remain tracheotomy dependent.


CONCLUSIONS
Extensive venous malformations of the pediatric airway require staged therapy, with a combination of sclerotherapy and photocoagulation. Long-term follow-up is essential because of the natural history of these lesions.
Ohlms
L A
LA
Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Forsen
J
J
Burrows
P E
PE
D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007830:Larynx / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D009055:Mouth / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D010614:Pharynx / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D012074:Remission Induction; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D014680:Veins / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery
D012597:Sclerosing Solutions