Laser applications in ossicular surgery.
Lasers have been used in otologic work in animals since 1965, and refinement of laser systems and techniques have led to their application to humans since 1979. A review of presently available otologic lasers is included along with current applications, results, and complications concerning the direction of future expansion of laser usage. This article focuses on the lasers and power settings that are optimal in middle ear surgical applications.
Joint Center for Otolaryngology, Beth Israel Hospital and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
D M
DM
Vernick MD
D000818:Animals; D004429:Ear Ossicles / Q000601:surgery*; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000601:surgery; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D007834:Lasers / Q000145:classification; D016896:Treatment Outcome