Do dietary phytochemicals with cytochrome P-450 enzyme-inducing activity increase high-density-lipoprotein concentrations in humans?
Low plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease. Several drugs that induce the microsomal cytochrome P-450-dependent enzyme system in liver and intestine, the sites of HDL apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and A-II synthesis, raise plasma HDL concentrations in humans. To test the hypothesis that phytochemicals with cytochrome P-450-inducing activity may also increase plasma HDL concentrations, two controlled dietary trials were undertaken in healthy nonsmoking males aged 20-28 y. One study examined the effect of replacing 300 g glucosinolate-free vegetables with 300 g Brussels sprouts/d for 3 wk. The other study examined the effects of 150 mg eugenol/d in capsule form, using a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. There were no significant increases in plasma apo A-I, apo A-II, HDL cholesterol, or HDL phospholipids. These results suggest that dietary phytochemicals that induce members of the cytochrome P-450 system do not necessarily raise plasma HDL concentrations in humans, but do not exclude the possibility that some phytochemicals may have such an effect.
Nanjee
M N
MN
Department of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, London, United Kingdom.
Verhagen
H
H
van Poppel
G
G
Rompelberg
C J
CJ
van Bladeren
P J
PJ
Miller
N E
NE
D000328:Adult; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001937:Brassica; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005054:Eugenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000201:enzymology; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D014675:Vegetables
D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D005961:Glucosinolates; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D005054:Eugenol; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System