Absence of the lateral philtral ridges: a clue to the structural basis of the philtrum.
This study compares philtral development in the normal fetus with philtral development in specimens lacking normal philtral landmarks. Distinct differences in the structure of the upper lip were discovered between the two groups using a histological comparison. A new mechanism for the structural basis of the philtrum is proposed on the basis of these differences.
Martin
R A
RA
Department of Pediatrics, University of California Medical Center, Irvine, USA.
Jones
K L
KL
Benirschke
K
K
D000818:Animals; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000196:embryology*; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000196:embryology; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000196:embryology*; D005333:Fetus / Q000002:abnormalities; D005865:Gestational Age; D016142:Holoprosencephaly / Q000196:embryology*; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology*; D008251:Macaca; D011247:Pregnancy