Antiviral activity of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2-CdA).
The effect of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (cladribine, 2-CdA) on replication of herpes simplex type 1 (HSV) virus in Vero cells (green african monkey kidney line) was evaluated and compared with that of acyclovir. 2-CdA up to 600 micrograms/ml was not cytotoxic. ED50 for 2-CdA was approximately 5 micrograms/ml and ED100 was approximately 70 micrograms/ml, compared with 0.16 microgram/ml and 1.6 micrograms/ml for acyclovir, respectively. DNA cell cytometry suggested the progressive S-phase block at concentrations of 2-CdA 0.14 microgram/ml and higher. The results suggest that 2-CdA is not activated by HSV-encoded kinase, and a weak antiviral effect of the drug results from its interference with DNA replication following activation by kinases of host cells.
Zahorska
R
R
Department of Virology, Drug Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Mazur
N
N
Skierski
J S
JS
Grieb
P
P
D000212:Acyclovir / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D017338:Cladribine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D014709:Vero Cells; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D017338:Cladribine; D000212:Acyclovir