Monitoring of minimal residual disease by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for AML1-MTG8 transcripts in AML-M2 with t(8; 21).
We have developed a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method for the quantitation of AML1-MTG8 transcripts in patients with AML-M2 and t(8;21) in different phases of the disease. Using this method, we have tested sequential samples from 13 patients to monitor minimal residual disease and were able to show a significant increase in AML1-MTG8 transcripts level in two patients 2 and 4 months before clinical relapse. In five patients tested at presentation and then sequentially at remission, we detected a marked decrease in the level of AML1-MTG8 transcripts as the treatment progressed. Patients in long-term remission of their disease had a level of up to 1 x 10(3) AML1-MTG8 molecules/microgram RNA. Two patients tested 2 and 4 months before hematologic relapse showed a level of 0.71 x 10(5) molecules/microgram RNA and this level increased further during relapse to 0.71 x 10(7) and 2.27 x 10(5) molecules/microgram RNA, respectively. Our results show that quantitation of AML1-MTG8 transcripts by competitive polymerase chain reaction is valuable in predicting early relapse in AML with t(8;21). Identification of at-risk patients may allow treatment to be modified to include additional or alternative therapy such as bone marrow transplantation.
University Department of Haematology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, UK.
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001856:Bone Marrow Examination; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002898:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D000075142:RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein; D012306:Risk; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D000075142:RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein; C493728:RUNX1 protein, human; C082222:RUNX1T1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors