Cyclophosphamide associated bladder cancer--a highly aggressive disease: analysis of 12 cases.
OBJECTIVE
We gained knowledge of the etiology, treatment and prevention of cyclophosphamide associated urothelial cancer.


METHODS
The medical records of 6 men and 6 women (mean age 55 years) with cyclophosphamide associated bladder cancer were reviewed.


RESULTS
All tumors were grade 3 or 4 transitional cell carcinoma. Of the 5 patients initially treated with endoscopic resection alone only 1 is alive without disease. Of the 6 patients who underwent early cystectomy 4 were alive at 24 to 111 months. The remaining patient with extensive cancer underwent partial cystectomy for palliation and died 3 months later.


CONCLUSIONS
Cyclophosphamide associated bladder tumor is an aggressive disease. However, long-term survival is possible when radical cystectomy is performed for bladder tumors with any sign of invasion and for recurrent high grade disease, even when noninvasive.
Fernandes
E T
ET
Department of Urologic Surgery, University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Manivel
J C
JC
Reddy
P K
PK
Ercole
C J
CJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000601:surgery; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000601:surgery
D003520:Cyclophosphamide