Perinatal nutrition enriched with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuates endotoxic shock in newborn rats.
Sepsis and septic shock continue to have a high mortality and morbidity in the newborn. Eicosanoids are important mediators in Gram negative septic shock. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3) decrease production of biologically active 2-series eicosanoids. Therefore, we hypothesized that omega-3-enriched diet could decrease 2-series eicosanoids and attenuate endotoxic shock in newborn rats. Sprague-Dawley rat dams were fed with either omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diet (omega-3 PURA) or omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched diet (omega-6PUFA; controls) from the 16th day of gestation until 10 days after parturition. In 10 day old rats, shock was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of Salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide. The omega-3PUFA decreased the mortality of endotoxic shock. In omega-6PUFA, lipopolysaccharide induced hyperglycemia at 2 h and hypoglycemia thereafter without an elevation in plasma insulin concentration, omega-3PUFA attenuated the hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. omega-3PUFA attenuated the decrease of liver phosphoenolpyruvate ca-boxykinase mRNA abundance, suggesting preserved gluconeogenesis. Therefore, perinatal feeding with omega-3PUFA was beneficial in attenuating glucose dyshomeostasis in newborn rats with endotoxic shock and may be a novel approach to the prevention of endotoxic shock in the newborn.
Farolan
L R
LR
Children's Hospital at Loyola, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA.
Goto
M
M
Myers
T F
TF
Anderson
C L
CL
Zeller
W P
WP
D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D015777:Eicosanoids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D019344:Lactic Acid; D010729:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP); D015232:Dinoprostone