Inhibition of the migration, attachment, spreading, growth and collagen synthesis of human gingival fibroblasts by arecoline, a major areca alkaloid, in vitro.
Because betel quid (BQ) chewing has been linked to a higher prevalence of periodontal diseases, the pathobiological effects of arecoline, a main alkaloid found in areca nut, were investigated in cultured human gingival fibroblasts. At concentrations higher than 0.4 mM, arecoline inhibits cell attachment, cell spreading and cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. These inhibitory effects were associated with intracellular depletion of glutathione (GSH). At concentrations of 0.4 mM and 1 mM, arecoline depleted about 26% and 45% of GSH after 2 h incubation. Exposure of cells to arecoline at concentrations lower than 0.4 mM for 2 h showed no significant decrease in either cell viability or intracellular GSH. However, incubation of cells for 24 h in 1 mM are colined decreased the cell numbers to only 35% of those in the untreated control. Arecoline also decreased cell growth and collagen synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Because of repeated and long-term exposure to arecoline, BQ chewers could be more susceptible to periodontal damage and less responsive to new attachment procedures.
School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J H
JH
Jeng
W H
WH
Lan
L J
LJ
Hahn
C C
CC
Hsieh
M Y
MY
Kuo
D001115:Arecoline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy
D001115:Arecoline; D003094:Collagen; D005978:Glutathione