Microsurgical correction of bilateral facial contour deformities.
Bilateral facial contour deformities are difficult reconstructive problems to correct. This paper summarizes our experience with five adult patients who were operated on for the correction of bilateral contour deformities. The etiologies of the contour deformities were one case of systemic lupus erythematosus, three cases of hemangioma/lymphangiomas, and one case of systemic lipodystrophy. Patient ages at the time of surgical correction ranged from 19 to 65 years. In two patients, staged microvascular free-tissue transfers were performed. In three patients, a single free flap was used for reconstruction. Seven microvascular free flaps were used to reconstruct facial contour: three superficial inferior epigastric flaps and four inframammary extended circumflex scapular flaps. In three patients, recipient sites were dissected by means of a limited preauricular incision, and the superficial temporal artery and vein were utilized as recipient vessels. The two remaining patients underwent free-tissue transfer to branches of the external carotid system. There were no flap losses in this series. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 4 years. A stable restoration of facial contour was achieved in all five patients. Microsurgical correction of soft-tissue contour problems is possible in bilateral deformities, and superior results are easier to achieve than in unilateral facial contour deformities. Either single or staged reconstructions can restore facial contour depending on the distribution of soft-tissue requirements.
Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, N.Y. USA.
M T
MT
Longaker
A
A
Flynn
J W
JW
Siebert
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005145:Face / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000379:methods*