A critical assessment of orthodontic standards in England and Wales (1990-1991) in relation to changes in prior approval.
Targeting, use of appliances, and standards of outcome for General Dental Service orthodontic cases collected between 1990 and 1991 were compared with a sample of cases from an earlier study, collected between 1987 and 1988, using the PAR index and IOTN. Comparisons are made generally and in relation to the changes in prior approval regulations for cases started since October 1987. More lower-need cases were treated, but there were no more "unnecessary' treatments and there has been a limited improvement in outcomes, as assessed by the indices, associated with increased use of fixed appliances since 1987. Prior approval appeared to give no tangible benefits in terms of levels of unnecessary treatment or quality of outcome.
Department of Child Dental Health, Dental School, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
E A
EA
Turbill
S
S
Richmond
J L
JL
Wright
D004739:England; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005250:Fees, Dental; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D009909:Oral Health; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D009970:Orthodontics / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards; D018024:Peer Review, Health Care; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D013222:State Medicine; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019564:Unnecessary Procedures; D014852:Wales