Antimicrobial activities of iodinated polystyrene derivatives.
The antimicrobial activities of insoluble halogenated acetamidomethy1-styrene polymers (prepared by covalent bonding of iodine to polystyrene) were assessed as were the factors determining antimicrobial efficacy. The most active materials were selected from chlorinated or iodinated polymers. Antimicrobial activities were assessed for Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922; American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, MD, U.S.A.), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Candida albicans by determining time-course changes in microbial counts in vitro. A 2-iodoacetamidomethylstyrene polymer (No.6-I:-CH2I) was found to have the greatest antimicrobial activity against both bacteria and fungi. No.6-I is the first antimicrobial material that did not make an inhibition hollow in the conventional diffusion test or for which conjugated iodine showed antibacterial activity. This material can be introduced into styrene units on the surface of devices by chemical modification. This material was most active at 37 degrees C. For coated dishes, antimicrobial activity depended on the depth or swollen character of the reactive layer. NO.6-I requires not only a minimum width of polymer layer, but also frequent contact with microbes to have an antimicrobial effect. No.6-I is valuable as a new material because it has strong antimicrobial activity by itself but does not release active iodine. This material is expected to have various applications in implantable clinical devices.
Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan.
K J
KJ
Lin
T
T
Tani
Y
Y
Endo
M
M
Kodama
K
K
Teramoto
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007455:Iodine / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D011137:Polystyrenes; D007455:Iodine