title: High prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in women with urinary infections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence and factors associated with unrecognized sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in women who had pelvic examinations and were subsequently released from the ED with a sole diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 3-month retrospective chart review was performed in an urban teaching hospital ED (> 70,000 visits/year). Women aged 12-45 years who had pelvic examinations and were released from the ED with a sole diagnosis of UTI were included. Patient complaints, physical findings, and laboratory results were reviewed. Laboratory evaluations included the complete blood count, urinalysis, urine pregnancy test, and cervical cultures for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 94 women who met study criteria, 53% had proven STDs (19% N. gonorrhoeae, 22% C. trachomatis, 33% Trichomonas). There was no difference between the patients with positive and negative tests for STDs with regard to complaints, physical findings, and laboratory results (all p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women undergoing pelvic examinations who are subsequently released from this urban ED with the diagnosis of UTI have a high (> 50%) prevalence of occult STDs. No complaint, physical finding, or laboratory result reviewed was associated with the risk of an STD. Consideration should be given to empirical antibiotic therapy in similar urban populations.
authors.affiliation: St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit, MI 48236-2172, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haraszkiewicz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grieb
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McDonald
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010808:Physical Examination; D011247:Pregnancy; D011258:Pregnancy Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications*