title: Plasmin promotes an endothelium-dependent adhesion of neutrophils. Involvement of platelet activating factor and P-selectin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium and the edema of vessel wall may cause vascular reocclusion after thrombolytic therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of platelet activating factor (PAF) and P-selectin on the adherence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to the endothelium and of PAF on the increased vascular permeability induced by tissue-type plasminogen activator, streptokinase, and plasmin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied (1) the adhesion of 111Inlabeled PMN to human umbilical cord vein-derived cultured endothelial cells (HUVEC), (2) the transfer of 125I-labeled albumin across HUVEC monolayers, and (3) the adhesion of PMN to isolated bovine coronary arteries under flow conditions. It was found that the adhesion of PMN, induced by tissue-type plasminogen activator, streptokinase, and plasmin, correlated with the synthesis of PAF by HUVEC and was inhibited by WEB 2170, a PAF receptor antagonist. The adhesion of PMN was also inhibited by the treatment of HUVEC with anti-P-selectin antibodies or of PMN with soluble P-selectin or with anti-CD18 monoclonal antibodies. Plasmin also increased the permeability of HUVEC monolayers, an effect that was partially prevented by WEB 2170. Moreover, plasmin promoted the synthesis of PAF from isolated bovine coronary arteries and the adherence of PMN to the endothelium under flow conditions. The pretreatment of PMN with WEB 2170 or with soluble P-selectin prevented adhesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The synthesis of PAF by endothelial cells at the site of plasmin generation and the endothelial expression of P-selectin may render the endothelial cell surface proadhesive for neutrophils and may favor a local increase in vascular permeability.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Clinica, Università di Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montrucchio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lupia
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Martino
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Silvestro
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Savu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cacace
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: De Filippi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emanuelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Camussi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002417:Cattle; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D013300:Streptokinase / Q000494:pharmacology; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000494:pharmacology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001381:Azepines; D018821:CD18 Antigens; D019007:P-Selectin; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D014230:Triazoles; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; C063964:bepafant; D013300:Streptokinase; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D005341:Fibrinolysin