Cloning of human RTEF-1, a transcriptional enhancer factor-1-related gene preferentially expressed in skeletal muscle: evidence for an ancient multigene family.
Transcriptional Enhancer Factor-1 (TEF-1) is a transcription factor required for cardiac muscle gene activation. Since ablation of TEF-1 does not abolish cardiac gene expression, we sought to identify a human gene related to TEF-1 (RTEF-1) that might also participate in cardiac gene regulation. A human heart cDNA library was screened to obtain a full-length RTEF-1 cDNA. Fluorescence in situ hybridization assigned the RTEF-1 gene to chromosome 12p13.2-p13.3. In contrast, PCR screening of human/rodent cell hybrid panels identified TEF-1 on chromosome 11p15.2, between D11S1315 and D11S1334, extending a region of known synteny between human chromosomes 11 and 12 and arguing for an ancient divergence between these two closely related genes. Northern blot analysis revealed a striking similarity in the tissue distribution of RTEF-1 and TEF-1 mRNAs; skeletal muscle showed the highest abundance of both mRNAs, with lower levels detected in pancreas, placenta, and heart. Phylogenetic analysis of all known TEF-1-related proteins identified human RTEF-1 as one of four vertebrate members of this multigene family and further suggests that these genes diverged in the earliest metazoan ancestors.
Stewart
A F
AF
Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. als6+@pitt.edu
Richard
C W
CW
Suzow
J
J
Stephan
D
D
Weremowicz
S
S
Morton
C C
CC
Adra
C N
CN
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D000091262:TEA Domain Transcription Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000091262:TEA Domain Transcription Factors; C486309:TEAD4 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors