title: The effect of scatter laser photocoagulation on intravitreal levels of growth factors in the miniature pig.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterise changes in intravitreal growth factor profiles following retinal photocoagulation in the miniature pig.
  
  
  METHODS
  Miniature pig eyes underwent scatter photocoagulation by either diode infrared or emerald green laser. Animals were sacrificed at various times (up to 42 days) post-laser. The eyes were than removed and vitreous samples analysed for basic fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-I and epidermal growth factor by radioimmunoassay, transforming growth factor-beta 2 by ELISA and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins using Western ligand blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vitreous transforming growth factor-beta 2 levels were decreased at 1 h post diode laser and at 4 and 7 days post emerald laser but returned to normal by 21 and 42 days respectively. Vitreous insulin-like growth factor-I levels increased at 4 and 7 days post diode and emerald laser respectively but returned to normal by 21 days. Insulin-like growth factor Western ligand blotting demonstrated that a 34 kDa insulin-like growth factor binding protein was predominant in the pig vitreous; the levels of this binding protein followed an identical trend to those observed for insulin-like growth factor-I. No changes in vitreous levels of either basic fibroblast growth factor or epidermal growth factor were observed following laser treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate a significant shift in the balance of intravitreal growth factors following retinal laser photocoagulation. Such changes may be pertinent to the regression of preretinal new vessels after laser photocoagulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khaliq
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moriarty
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cranley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boulton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D007328:Insulin; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I