title: Cardiovascular causes of exercise intolerance.
abstract: Exercise intolerance, due to cardiovascular disease in horses, may be caused by cardiac arrhythmias, valvular regurgitation, congenital abnormalities, myocardial dysfunction, pericardial disease, and vascular thrombosis. The most common cardiovascular cause of exercise intolerance in horses is atrial fibrillation. Cardiovascular abnormalities such as cardiac arrhythmias or murmurs, however, are common in athletic horses and are not always associated with exercise intolerance. Use of an electrocardiography (during rest and exercise) and echocardiography may be necessary to better determine the significance of the cardiovascular abnormality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, USA.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mitten
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*