title: [The contribution of Germanicus Mirault to maxillofacial surgery in general and to surgery of the cleft lip in particular].
abstract: Germanicus Mirault is a French surgeon born in Angers in 1796. With Malgaigne, he was the first to introduce the concept of flap transposition for closure of a cleft-lip. This skillful and innovative surgeon made also very important contributions to other fields of maxillofacial surgery, including the first ligature of the lingual artery on a human being in 1833 and a method of temporary occlusion of the eyelids to correct a post-burn ectropion which is still used now. This latter work was awarded by the "Académie des Sciences" in 1869.
authors.affiliation: Service de Stomatologie et Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, CHU Angers, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dupoirieux
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Penneau
mesh_terms: D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000266:history* / Q000601:surgery; D004483:Ectropion / Q000266:history / Q000601:surgery; D005602:France; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation / Q000266:history; D013515:Surgery, Oral / Q000266:history*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000266:history; D014059:Tongue / Q000098:blood supply