title: De novo expression of transforming growth factor-alpha in parathyroid gland tissue of patients with primary or secondary uraemic hyperparathyroidism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The factors involved in abnormal parathyroid cell secretory function and growth in patients with primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism are still incompletely understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the expression of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF receptor (EGF-R) at the gene message and the protein level in parathyroid tissue obtained from six patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, 15 patients with secondary uraemic hyperparathyroidism and five subjects with normal parathyroid tissue, using in situ hybridization and/or immunostaining technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a consistent expression of TGF-alpha mRNA and protein in parathyroid endocrine cells of all six cases of primary parathyroid adenoma and in nearly all cases of secondary hyperplasia, in contrast to the absence of expression in normal parathyroid tissue. A marked expression of EGF-R mRNA and protein was also found in four of five tissue samples of primary parathyroid adenoma, in 13 of 15 tissue samples of secondary parathyroid hyperplasia and in most samples of normal parathyroid gland tissue. EGF mRNA and protein expression was undetectable in the majority of parathyroid tissue samples examined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since TGF-alpha is known to bind to the EGF-R, the finding of an increased expression of TGF-alpha at the gene message and the protein level, together with a strong expression of EGF-R, in hyperplastic and adenomatous parathyroid glands suggests that this growth factor interacts with its receptor to promote parathyroid cell proliferation, perhaps by an autocrine mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Inserm Unité 90, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gogusev
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Duchambon
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stoermann-Chopard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giovannini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sarfati
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Drüeke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014511:Uremia
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha