title: Humanization of an anti-lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1 monoclonal antibody and reengineering of the humanized antibody for binding to rhesus LFA-1.
abstract: Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1; CD11a/CD18) is involved in leukocyte adhesion during cellular interactions essential for immunologic responses and inflammation. mAbs against LFA-1 have been shown to inhibit several T cell-dependent immune functions in vitro and prevent graft failure after bone marrow transplantation in vivo. A murine anti-human CD11a mAb, MHM24, has been humanized and shown to prevent adhesion of human T cells to human keratinocytes and the proliferation of T cells in response to nonautologous leukocytes in the mixed lymphocyte response assay. However, of the nonhuman primate CD11a that we tested, the murine and humanized mAbs cross-reacted only with chimpanzee CD11a. To have a mAb available for preclinical studies in rhesus monkeys, the humanized mAb was reengineered to bind to rhesus CD11a by changing four residues in one of the complementarity-determining regions, CDR-H2, in the variable heavy domain. Cloning and molecular modeling of rhesus CD11a I-domain suggested that the changes from Lys197 and/or Arg189 in human CD11a I-domain to Glu197 and Gln189 in rhesus CD11a I-domain may be the reason that rhesus CD11a does not bind to the murine and humanized mAbs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Werther
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hotaling
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Champe
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Jardieu
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Presta
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000276:immunology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D051379:Mice; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015202:Protein Engineering; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017931:DNA Primers; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1