title: Effect of destruction of the 5-hydroxytryptaminergic pathways on behavioural timing and "switching" in a free-operant psychophysical procedure.
abstract: This experiment examined the effect of destruction of the ascending 5-hydroxytryptaminergic (5HTergic) pathways on performance in a free-operant timing schedule. Rats received either injections of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine into the dorsal and median raphe nuclei or sham lesions. They were trained to press levers for a sucrose reinforcer. Training sessions consisted of 40, 50-s trials in which reinforcers were available on a variable-interval 25-s schedule; in the first 25 s of each trial, reinforcers were only available for responses on lever A, whereas in the last 25 s reinforcers were available only for responses on lever B. Data were collected from probe trials (four per session) in which no reinforcers were delivered, during the last ten of 50 training sessions. Both groups showed decreasing response rates on lever A and increasing response rates on lever B as a function of time from the onset of the trial. Response rate on lever B, expressed as a percentage of overall response rate, could be described by a two-parameter logistic function; neither the indifference point (i.e. the time corresponding to 50% responding on lever B) nor the slope of the function different between the two groups. However, the lesioned group showed a higher rate of switching between response alternatives than the sham-lesioned group. The levels of 5HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were reduced in the brains of the lesioned rats, but the levels of noradrenaline and dopamine were not significantly altered. The results confirm previous findings that behaviour in timing schedules is sensitive to destruction of the central 5HTergic pathways, and suggest that these pathways may contribute to the inhibitory regulation of switching between behavioural states.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, UK.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: al-Zahrani
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Velazquez Martinez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopez Cabrera
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bradshaw
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Szabadi
mesh_terms: D015116:5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D011903:Raphe Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018490:Serotonin Agents; D015116:5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine; D012701:Serotonin; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine