title: Monitoring of endothelial leucocyte adhesion molecule-1 in anti-neutrophil-cytoplasmic-antibody-positive vasculitis.
abstract: Soluble endothelial leucocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) has been shown to act as a neutrophil chemoattractant and may also represent a specific marker of endothelial cell damage or activation. Nine patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive vasculitis (p-ANCA: n = 4, c-ANCA: n = 5) were prospectively monitored for disease activity by serial serum ELAM-1, C-reactive proteins (CRPs), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and ANCA levels. Six patients presented acutely with biopsy-proven renal vasculitis. One patient on dialysis, one in remission with stable renal function and one renal transplant patient developed clinical and serological relapse. Seven patients had abnormally high ELAM-1 (>60 ng/ml) levels at presentation. These fell within normal limits a week following pulse methyl prednisolone therapy. This preceded a fall in CRP, vWF and subsequent clinical remission. p-ANCA serology remained positive in 3 cases. One patient relapsed with rising ELAM-1 levels. Two patients developed erroneously positive ANCA serology but serum ELAM-1 remained normal. Six patients with chronic renal impairment of non-vasculitic origin who presented acutely with septicaemia had normal serum ELAM-1 levels (mean +/- SD: 31 +/- 10 ng/ml) at presentation and during the subsequent clinical course. These preliminary findings are encouraging, especially when ELAM-1 is combined with ANCA monitoring in vasculitis. However, further data from larger controlled studies are needed to validate the utility of ELAM-1 in the monitoring of patients with vasculitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yaqoob
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: McDicken
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D014890:Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; D019040:E-Selectin; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D002097:C-Reactive Protein