title: The highly conserved skb1 gene encodes a protein that interacts with Shk1, a fission yeast Ste20/PAK homolog.
abstract: The Shk1 protein kinase, a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ste20 and mammalian p21Cdc42/Rac-activated kinases, is an essential component of a Ras- and Cdc42-dependent signaling cascade required for cell viability, normal morphology, and mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated sexual responses in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. To identify S. pombe proteins that modulate or mediate Shk1 functions, we conducted a two-hybrid screen for Shk1-interacting proteins. One of the genes identified as a result of this screen was skb1. We show that Skb1 interacts with a region of the N-terminal regulatory domain of Shk1 distinct from that to which Cdc42 binds, and that Shk1, Cdc42, and Skb1 are able to form a ternary complex in vivo. S.pombe cells carrying an skb1 null mutation are less elongate in morphology than wild-type cells and exhibit a moderate growth defect. The morphology defect of the skb1 deletion mutant is suppressed by overexpression of Shk1. Overexpression of Skb1 causes wild-type S. pombe cells to become hyperelongated. Additional genetic analyses described herein suggest that Skb1 is a component of the morphology control branch of the Ras signaling cascade in S. pombe and that it positively modulates Shk1 function. Homologs of Skb1 are encoded by open reading frames in the genomes of S. cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans and by an uncharacterized human cDNA sequence. Thus, skb1 may be the first well-characterized member of a highly conserved family of genes encoding potential p21Cdc42/Rac-activated kinase regulators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gilbreth
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polverino
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cobb
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marcus
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008322:Mammals; D008780:Methyltransferases; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D054462:p21-Activated Kinases
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; C102750:Skb1 protein, S pombe; D008780:Methyltransferases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; D054462:p21-Activated Kinases; C094341:shk1 protein, S pombe; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; C078754:STE20 protein, S cerevisiae