Craniotomy guidance using a stereo-video-based tracking system.
In open intracranial neurosurgery, it is desirable to minimize exposure and to approach the target in the most accurate way possible. The VISLAN system described here employs a completely passive hand-held locator which is tracked by a video system and does not require a mechanical linkage nor cables. The system also tracks easily recognizable, constant, anatomical landmarks of the patient. By this means the initial registration of pre-operative imaging and the detection of, and correction for, patient movement can be accomplished. High-resolution MRI segmented interactively is used to define external surface and brain anatomy. Thus, a pre-operative patient representation (POPR) is planned. During the surgical procedure the patient's head is illuminated by structured light and stereo-video pictures obtained from two television cameras mounted above the head. The system is calibrated and registered with the POPR using a chamfered matching algorithm. The locator is also tracked in space by the video system, and its tip position shown in relation to the POPR on the video monitor.
Thomas
D G
DG
National Hospital, London, UK.
Doshi
P
P
Colchester
A
A
Hawkes
D J
DJ
Hill
D L
DL
Zhao
J
J
Maitland
N
N
Strong
A J
AJ
Evans
R I
RI
D003399:Craniotomy; D006801:Humans; D009493:Neurosurgery; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D013690:Television