title: Application of the polymerase chain reaction to the diagnosis and management of neonatal herpes simplex virus disease. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Collaborative Antiviral Study Group.
abstract: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from 77 neonates with herpes simplex virus (HSV) disease were evaluated retrospectively by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Samples were collected from 202 infants enrolled in a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Collaborative Antiviral Study Group trial that compared vidarabine with acyclovir for the treatment of neonatal HSV infection. HSV DNA was detected in the CSF of 26 (76%) of 34 infants with CNS disease, in 13 (93%) of 14 infants with disseminated infection, and in 7 (24%) of 29 with skin, eye, or mouth (SEM) involvement. One of the 7 PCR-positive SEM patients subsequently developed severe neurologic impairment. Eighteen (95%) of 19 infants with positive CSF PCR results after the completion of 10 days of antiviral therapy experienced significant morbidity or mortality. Application of PCR to neonatal HSV disease may provide additional information on which clinical decisions may be based, although its diagnostic utility outside the research setting is unproven.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35233, USA.
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kimberlin
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Lakeman
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Arvin
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Prober
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corey
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Burchett
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Starr
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Whitley
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005123:Eye / Q000821:virology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009055:Mouth / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012867:Skin / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral