title: Role of lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of myopic and senile cataract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increased production of free radicals, consumption of antioxidant, and oxidation of unsaturated lipids have been observed recently in cataractous lenses and active participation of the retina in human cataractogenesis has been proposed. To verify this hypothesis, the total (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione concentrations were assayed in the lens and the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels assayed in the vitreous and in the lens of normal controls and patients with senile or myopic cataract.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on 34 lenses (nucleus and epinucleus) (nine clear lenses, 14 lenses with idiopathic senile cataract, and 11 lenses affected by severe myopic cataract) and vitreous of 19 (seven non-myopic, seven myopic, and five control) subjects. Glutathione determination was performed following the method of Reed, while malondialdehyde was assayed using a modification of the method of Dahle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cataractous lenses showed a decreased content of GSH and increased concentration of GSSG compared with clear lenses. A higher oxidative consumption of GSH was found in myopic cataracts compared with senile ones. Also, increased levels of MDA were observed both in cataractous lenses and in the vitreous of myopic patients compared with the control and the senile ones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed alterations strongly suggest that retinal lipid peroxidation might play a key role in human cataractogenesis, especially in the myopic type.
authors.affiliation: Università di Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Micelli-Ferrari
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vendemiale
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grattagliano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boscia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arnese
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Altomare
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cardia
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002386:Cataract / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009216:Myopia / Q000378:metabolism*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008315:Malondialdehyde