title: Does parallel conductance vary during systole in the human right ventricle?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Right ventricular (RV) contractile performance remains poorly characterised, particularly in humans. Conductance catheter techniques have the potential to overcome the geometric difficulties in RV volume measurement that have hindered systematic studies of RV pressure volume relations. The present study examines changes in parallel conductance (Vc) that may occur during the cardiac cycle in the human right ventricle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using signals obtained from custom-built conductance catheters, six isochronal systolic values of Vc (Vc(t)) were measured during hypertonic saline wash-in. Studies were performed in nine patients undergoing right heart catheterisation. Their ages ranged from 7 to 39 years (median = 16) and their weights ranged from 20.3 to 84.7 kg (median = 50.0 kg). Measurements of mean Vc and isochronal Vc(t) and its variability during systole were assessed. Mean Vc was measured using the Baan technique (Vc(Baan)), Vc(t) was measured from six systolic isochrones obtained during the same period of hypertonic saline wash-in.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The temporal changes in Vc(t) were small (mean 5.8%, median = 4.4%, range = 0.6-17.9%) of total corrected end-diastolic volume (mean maximal variation of 7.7 ml). The value of Vc(t) obtained at dp/dtmax (mean = 99.1 ml; median = 104.75 ml; range 20.15-196.7 ml) was not significantly different to that obtained at dp/dtmin (mean = 100.0 ml; median = 110.87 ml; range = 20.0-204.2 ml) (P > 0.05), but both were higher than the single Vc measurement (Vc(Baan)) obtained using the standard approach (P = 0.02). The correlation between Vc(Baan) and Vc(t) for group data; (Vc(Baan) = 89.69 ml, s.d. = 43.73 ml; Vc(t) = 98.16 ml, s.d. = 50.16 ml) produces a regression slope of 0.99 for all studies (P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that parallel conductance does vary during systole in the human right ventricle of adults and older children after repair of congenital abnormalities but there is no significant difference in Vc(t) at dp/dtmin and dp/dtmax. However, there was a significant difference when the isochronal Vc(t) measurement is compared with the standard single value technique (Vc(Baan)) obtained using the hypertonic saline wash-in method. The excellent correlation between Vc(t) and Vc(Baan) suggests that the correction of Vc for the phase of the cardiac cycle is unnecessary for most purposes when studying the human right ventricle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Chaturvedi
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Brookes
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Oldershaw
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Redington
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002648:Child; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000502:physiology*; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013599:Systole; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right