title: Sequential systemic platelet-activating factor and interleukin 8 primes neutrophils in patients with trauma at risk of multiple organ failure.
abstract: Plasma from 33 patients at risk of multiple organ failure (MOF) after major trauma was tested for a priming effect on neutrophils, and for the presence of platelet-activating factor (PAF) activity and interleukin (IL) 8. Plasma sampled at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after injury significantly primed normal neutrophils to release mean(s.e.m.) 1.26(0.19), 1.33(0.26), 1.04(0.14) and 0.86(0.13) nmol superoxide per min per 1.3 x 10(6) neutrophils respectively (P < 0.05). Priming at 3 h after injury was inhibited by mean(s.e.m.) 63.8(7.0) per cent by the PAF antagonist, WEB 2170 (P < 0.01). Mean(s.e.m.) plasma IL-8 was raised at 6 and 12 h after injury to 785(183) and 836(175) pg/ml (P < 0.01). At 12 h after injury the plasma IL-8 level correlated directly with the number of units of red blood cells transfused (r = 0.64, P < 0.01), and was significantly higher in the group of six patients who developed MOF (P < 0.05). These data suggest that after trauma the mediators PAF and IL-8 appear sequentially in the circulation, are potential mechanisms of circulating neutrophil priming, and that IL-8 may also be an early biochemical marker predicting the onset of MOF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Denver General Hospital, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Botha
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Silliman
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Goode
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor