title: Ochratoxin A: an antiinsectan metabolite from the sclerotia of Aspergillus carbonarius NRRL 369.
abstract: Ochratoxin A, a known mycotoxin with demonstrated toxicity to insects, has been isolated from the sclerotia of the fungus Aspergillus carbonarius NRRL 369. The sclerotia, harvested from a solid substrate fermentation of corn kernels at 28 degrees C, produced quantities of ochratoxin A exceeding 50 ppm/g dry weight of sclerotia. Evidence is presented that ochratoxin A accounts for the activity of the methanol extract against larvae of the detritivorous beetle Carpophilus hemipterus (Nitidulidae) (75% reduction in feeding rate) and corn ear worm Helicoverpa zea (50% mortality with 99% reduction in weight gain among surviving larvae) when incorporated into a pinto bean diet at levels less than those occurring naturally in the sclerotia.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604, USA. wicklowdt@ncurl.necaur.gov
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Wicklow
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Dowd
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alfatafta
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Gloer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009036:Moths / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D009793:Ochratoxins; C025589:ochratoxin A