title: An audit of meal provision in an elderly care hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the nutritional provision to elderly patients, to compare with United Kingdom (UK) Government dietary reference values (DRV), to modify food provision to correct any major deficiencies, and to evaluate these modifications for their acceptability and consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Energy, principal macro nutrients, vitamins, minerals and non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) and dietary fibre provision were measured prospectively throughout the menu cycle in a 72-bedded hospital for patients over 65 years before and after dietary supplementation with both energy-rich foods and high-fibre cakes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, mean energy provision was 1472(320) kcal, 6153(1340) kJ, representing less than the estimated average requirement (EAR) for elderly males and females. Fat provided 49% of total energy, daily protein provision exceeded the EAR for males and females (16% energy) and provision of the micro nutrients thiamine, riboflavin, vitamins B12, C, A, calcium and iron met or exceeded these recommendations. Vitamin B6 provision was only adequate for females. Provision of niacin, folate, vitamin D, NSP and dietary fibre was also below recommendations. Supplementation allowed energy provision to reach the target EAR and fibre provision the reference nutrient intake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nutritional provision in hospital is meeting some, but not all, available Government standards for nutritional guidelines in elderly people. Increased fibre provision was poorly tolerated, but dietary supplementation with energy-rich foods was well tolerated.
authors.affiliation: Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. C.R.HANKEY@CLINMED.GLA.AC.UK
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Hankey
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Wynne
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002149:Energy Intake; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D005521:Food Service, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006743:Hospital Bed Capacity, under 100; D006782:Hospitals, Special / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008612:Menu Planning; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D011446:Prospective Studies