title: Nurse-conducted smoking cessation with minimal intervention in a lung clinic: a randomized controlled study.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a motivational, minimal intervention approach to smoking cessation in an open, randomized design conducted by nurses as routine work in a lung clinic. Subjects who smoked less than 10 cigarettes x day(-1), and subjects who smoked > or = 10 cigarettes x day(-1) and who had refused to participate in a smoking cessation trial with nicotine replacement therapy, were randomly allocated to a motivational approach to smoking cessation or to a control group. The motivational approach consisted of a nurse-conducted 5 min consultation concerning reasons to quit smoking, brochures about smoking cessation and advice about how to quit. After 4-6 weeks, subjects in the motivational group received a letter encouraging them to quit smoking. After 1 year, all subjects were contacted by phone and smoking status reported. Subjects claiming to be abstinent attended the clinic for carbon monoxide verification. A total of 507 subjects were enrolled, 254 in the motivational group and 253 in the control group. The mean age of the motivational group was 51 yrs, 50% were males and they smoked a mean of 13 cigarettes x day(-1). The mean age of the control group was 53 yrs, 61% were males and they smoked a mean of 12 cigarettes x day(-1). At the 1 year follow-up, the success rate for point prevalence (no smoking at 1 year and during the preceding month) was 8, 7% in the motivational group versus 3.6% in the control group (p=0.025). The 12 months sustained success rate (no smoking at all during the year) was 3.1 versus 1.2% (p=0.22). The point prevalence for light smokers (<10 cigarettes x day(-1)) was 13.9% in the motivational group versus 6.3% in control group (p=0.12), and for heavy smokers (10 or more cigarettes x day(-1)) 5.2% versus 1.9% (p=0.20). In conclusion, the effect of this nurse-conducted, minimal intervention, motivational approach seems promising as the quit rate at 1 year follow-up had doubled.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tønnesen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mikkelsen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Markholst
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ibsen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bendixen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fuursted
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stensgaard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schiøtz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Breman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clementsen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Evald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009729:Nursing; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome