Effect of the cholesterol content of a formula on the lipid compositions of plasma lipoproteins and red blood cell membranes in early infancy.
We investigated whether or not a regular formula for full-term infants supplemented with cholesterol (cholesterol-fortified) would increase the plasma cholesterol concentration and alter the red blood cell (RBC) membrane lipid composition in healthy full-term infants compared with their breast-fed counterparts. At 1 mo of age, total plasma cholesterol and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were significantly higher in the breast-fed infants than in the cholesterol-unfortified, formula-fed infants. At 3 mo of age, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were significantly higher in the breast-fed infants than in the two formula-fed infant groups. These significant differences had disappeared by 6 mo of age. Although the cholesterol-unfortified, formula-fed infants had lower proportions of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) in the RBC membranes compared with the breast-fed group at 6 mo, DHA and EPA concentrations in the cholesterol-fortified, formula-fed infants were not significantly different. The results of the present study suggest that the plasma cholesterol concentration and fatty acid pattern of the RBC membranes in infants fed a cholesterol-fortified formula may be much closer to those in breast-fed infants than in infants fed a cholesterol-unfortified formula.
Katoku
Y
Y
Applied Alimentary Technology Research Department, Meiji Milk Products Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.
Yamada
M
M
Yonekubo
A
A
Kuwata
T
T
Kobayashi
A
A
Sawa
A
A
D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards*; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*
D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D002784:Cholesterol; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid