title: [3-year follow-up after endonasal microscopic paranasal sinus surgery in migraine and cluster headache].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Migraine and cluster headache can both be triggered by sensitive intranasal areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endoscopic nasal surgery was performed in 20 patients with chronic migraine without aura or cluster headaches that were refractory to other forms of treatment for a mean period of 18 years (range of 1-45 years). The selected patients showed clinical and radiographic evidence of contact between the middle turbinate and the nasal septum. All patients experienced immediate relief of pain following topical application of cocaine to the presumable triggering area. Five patients with cluster headache and 15 patients with migraine were treated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients with cluster headache were free of symptoms after surgical intervention and for a mean follow-up period of three years. Six of the 15 patients with migraine were completely free of symptoms after a mean follow-up period of three years; five had improved more than 50% in the duration and frequency of their attacks. Treatment was unsuccessful in four patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This trial established a likely relationship between nasal trigger areas and cluster headache through the trigeminovascular system and a possible relationship to some type of migraine without aura.
authors.affiliation: HNO-Universitätsklinik, Basel, Schweiz.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Welge-Lüssen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Probst
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003027:Cluster Headache / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D003042:Cocaine; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D014420:Turbinates / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine