title: The distally based medial gastrocnemius flap: case report and anatomic study.
abstract: We describe a distally based flap of the medial head of the gastrocnemius, vascularized through a distal pedicle given off by the posterior tibial artery. A literature review showed that this flap and the distal pedicle had not been described previously as such, although several techniques have been used to cover a substance loss of the distal third of the leg using the medial gastrocnemius. The distal artery has a variable caliber, and it is not always possible to raise the flap. One patient has been operated on by this technique, and an anatomic study was performed showing that 9 of 30 legs had a distal pedicle larger than 1 mm, 14 had a pedicle smaller than 1 mm, and 7 had a microscopic pedicle too small to raise a flap.
authors.affiliation: Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique, Hôpital Avicenne, Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Atchabahian
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Masquelet
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply / Q000379:methods*