title: B-cell outgrowth and ligand-specific production of IL-10 correlate with Th2 dominance in certain parasitic diseases.
abstract: In many parasitic infections, dominant T helper cell (Th) type-2 CD4+ T cell responses exacerbate the disease. We have previously demonstrated that lacto-N-fucopentaose-III (LNFPIII), a sugar found on soluble egg antigens (SEA) of Schistosoma mansoni, stimulates splenic B cells from parasite-infected mice to proliferate and produce IL-10, a cytokine that promotes the generation of Th2 immune responses. In the present study, we extend our observations on ligand-specific activation of IL-10 producing B cells to leishmaniasis and lymphatic filariasis. We report here that infection with Leishmania major increases the splenic B220+ B cell subset in BALB/c mice, but not BALB/c. xid (lacking B-1 cells and carrying defective B-2 cells). In addition, these B cells secrete large amounts of IL-10 in vitro in response to stimulation with soluble leishmanial extract (LSE), LNFPIII, or SO4-Lewis(x). We also observed that injection of LSE increased the level of peritoneal exudate (PeC) B-1 cells (CD5+B220+) in BALB/c mice, but not C57BL/6, as compared to buffer-injected controls. Further, LSE elicited PeC B cells secreted IL-10 in response to LSE as well as to the sugars tested. A similar differential secretion of IL-10 by splenic B cells from BALB/c and BALB/c.xid was seen after S. mansoni infection. Likewise, injection of soluble microfilarial extract (MFX) resulted in an increase in percentage of PeC B-1 cells in BALB/c mice, but not C57BL/6, and these cells secreted IL-10 in response to stimulation with MFX or phosphorylcholine (PC). Collectively, these results suggest a correlation between expansion of ligand-specific IL-10 producing B and B-1 cells with dominance of Th2-type T cells in mice with the susceptible phenotype for these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Palanivel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Posey
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Horauf
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Solbach
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Piessens
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Harn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D017178:Brugia malayi / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000276:immunology*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology*; D008024:Ligands; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D008024:Ligands; D016753:Interleukin-10