title: Adolescents as research subjects without permission of their parents or guardians: ethical considerations.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000295:Adolescent Medicine / Q000592:standards*; D035841:Behavioral Research; D026686:Beneficence; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D035082:Federal Government; D033161:Government Regulation; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D033281:Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation; D033282:Parental Consent; D010290:Parents; D026706:Paternalism; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D012106:Research / Q000592:standards; D035842:Research Subjects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012926:Social Control, Formal; D036302:Therapeutic Human Experimentation; D014481:United States