title: Regionally specific pattern of neurochemical pathology in schizophrenia as assessed by multislice proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) studies of patients with schizophrenia have found evidence of reductions of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) concentrations in the temporal lobes. Multislice proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (1H-MRSI) permits simultaneous acquisition and mapping of NAA, choline-containing compounds (CHO), and creatine/phosphocreatine (CRE) signal intensities from multiple whole brain slices consisting of 1.4-ml single-volume elements. We have used 1H-MRSI to assess the regional specificity of previously reported changes of metabolite signal intensities in schizophrenia. Hippocampal volume was also measured to test the relationship between 1H-MRSI findings and tissue volume in this region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ratios of areas under the metabolite peaks of the proton spectra were determined (i.e., NAA/CRE, NAA/CHO, CHO/CRE) for multiple cortical and subcortical regions in 10 inpatients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients showed significant reductions of NAA/CRE and NAA/CHO bilaterally in the hippocampal region and in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. There were no significant changes in CHO/CRE or in NAA ratios in any other area sampled. No significant correlation was found between metabolite ratios in the hippocampal region and its volume.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NAA-relative signal intensity reductions in schizophrenia appear to be remarkably localized, involving primarily the hippocampal region and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, two regions implicated prominently in the pathophysiology of this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, NIMH Neurosciences Center at Saint Elizabeths, Washington, DC 20032, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bertolino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nawroz
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Mattay
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Duyn
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Moonen
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tedeschi
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Weinberger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D011522:Protons; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D010725:Phosphocreatine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003404:Creatinine; D002794:Choline