title: Differential production of IL-12 in BALB/c and DBA/2 mice controls IL-4 versus IFN-gamma synthesis in primed CD4 lymphocytes.
abstract: The profile of cytokines produced by CD4 T cells is profoundly influenced by the presence of IL-12. Here we demonstrate that during re-stimulation of antigen-specific immune responses in vitro, antigen-primed lymph node cells from DBA/2 mice produced 3- to 30-fold more IL-12 than did cells from BALB/c mice, which are identical at the major histocompatibility locus. The strain differences in IL-12 production were observed only in antigen-driven responses (and not in responses induced by bacterial products), and were dependent upon an interaction between CD4 T cells and lymph node adherent cells. In addition, differences in the quantity of IL-12 produced by DBA/2 and BALB/c antigen-presenting cells (APC) was not dependent on differential production of IFN-gamma by T cells, since APC from DBA/2 mice still produced much greater quantities of IL-12 than did BALB/c APC when each was cultured with the same H-2d-restricted Th2 clones, in the complete absence of IFN-gamma, or when each was cultured with primed (BALB/c x DBA/2)F1 T cells. The level of IL-12 produced in the cultures critically affected cytokine production in CD4 T cells, since neutralization of endogenous IL-12 in DBA/2 cultures, which are predisposed towards developing Th1 responses, reduced IFN-gamma production and enhanced IL-4 synthesis to levels normally seen in BALB/c cultures, which are predisposed toward developing Th2 responses. We propose therefore that differential production of antigen-driven IL-12 is a mechanism by which the genetic background in DBA/2 and BALB/c mice can affect the pattern of cytokine synthesis by T cells during the development of adaptive immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, CA 94305-5119, USA.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Gieni
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trinchieri
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Umetsu
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: DeKruyff
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D006433:Hemocyanins; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin