title: Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantification of skeletal muscle calpastatin.
abstract: An indirect antibody ELISA was developed for rapid and sensitive quantification of skeletal muscle calpastatin. Polyclonal antibodies were raised in rabbits against recombinant calpastatin, corresponding to domains 2, 3, and 4 of bovine skeletal muscle calpastatin. Western blot analysis revealed that these antibodies specifically recognize an immunoreactive calpastatin protein of approximately 130 kDa in prerigor skeletal muscle extracts. The intensity of the immunoreactive bands corresponds qualitatively with assayable calpastatin activity. For ELISA development, optimum dilutions of sample, primary anti-calpastatin antibody, and peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody were determined by titration. A dilution optimum for coating of Immulon 4 (Dynatech) plates was observed when heated muscle extracts were diluted to 2 to 4 micrograms of protein/mL and incubated for 2 h at 37 degrees C. Optimum primary (30 micrograms IgG/mL) and secondary (Sigma A-6154; 1:1000 dilution) antibody incubations were for 1 h at 37 degrees C. Tetramethylbenzidine was used as substrate and A450 of the stopped reaction product was recorded in an automated plate reader. Calpastatin ELISA results were linearly related to calpastatin activity (calpain inhibitory activity) of heated longissimus muscle homogenates from prerigor lamb (r2 = .89; n = 40) and beef aged for 24 or 48 h (r2 = .90; n = 47). Intra-assay CV was < 5% (n = 8) and inter-assay CV was < 6% (n = 5). This assay offers advantages of speed, simplicity, and sensitivity over conventional methodology for calpastatin quantification.
authors.affiliation: Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, ARS, USDA, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Doumit
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lonergan
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Arbona
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Killefer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koohmaraie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000662:veterinary; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel / Q000662:veterinary; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D008460:Meat / Q000592:standards; D024510:Muscle Development; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C033668:calpastatin