title: Activation and repression of E. coli promoters.
abstract: There is no organism in which transcription initiation is better understood than Escherichia coli. Recent studies using genetics, biochemistry and structure analysis have revealed how RNA polymerase interactions at promoters are regulated. Prominent examples include the recruitment of polymerase by activators touching its alpha and sigma subunits; which subunit is touched depends on which activator is used and where it binds the DNA. The less-common cases centering on enhancer-dependent transcription use an entirely different mechanism, involving either DNA looping or tracking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1569, USA. gralla@ewald.mbi.ucla.edu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Gralla
mesh_terms: D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D012097:Repressor Proteins; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases