title: Analysis of protein-bound metabolites of furazolidone and furaltadone in pig liver by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: Studies undertaken using radiolabelled furazolidone have demonstrated the covalent binding of residues of the drug to cellular protein in vivo. A portion of these bound residues and those formed by furaltadone, a related nitrofuran drug, possess intact side-chains, 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ) and 5-morpholino-methyl-3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ), respectively. These side-chains have molecular characteristics in common with the parent compounds and may be released from liver tissue under mild acidic conditions. Derivatization with 2-nitrobenzaldehyde (NBA) serves to isolate the released side-chains and the derivatives NPAOZ and NPAMOZ are chromophoric, thereby permitting UV detection. This paper reports the introduction of an extract clean-up step to the existing procedure which eliminates or decreases interference from NBA in the HPLC-UV determination of NPAOZ. The modified procedure was also applied to the determination of AMOZ. The development of an LC-MS method for the quantitative and confirmatory determination of AOZ and AMOZ extracted and derivatized according to the same procedure as that for HPLC-UV is described. The methods were validated for AOZ and AMOZ in fortified (intra- and inter-assay studies) and incurred (inter-assay studies) pig liver samples. The limit of determination for fortified control liver samples was 5 ng AOZ g-1 and 10 ng AMOZ g-1 by HPLC-UV and 10 ng AOZ or AMOZ g-1 by LC-MS. In addition, a study to determine the ratio of released AOZ to the total bound residues present in incurred liver samples from pigs treated with furazolidone is described.
authors.affiliation: National Food Centre, Teagasc, Castleknock, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horne
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cadogan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Keeffe
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hoogenboom
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis; D005664:Furazolidone / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009581:Nitrofurans / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D011485:Protein Binding; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; D009581:Nitrofurans; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D005664:Furazolidone; C007795:furaltadon