title: Changing patterns of susceptibilities of blood, urinary and respiratory pathogens in Hong Kong.
abstract: The incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of organisms isolated from blood, urine and respiratory specimens at a teaching hospital in Hong Kong were studied retrospectively from 1986-1993. The incidence of Gram-positive bacteraemia, particularly coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), increased significantly from 33.6 to 47.3% (P < 0.001) while that of Gram-negative bacteraemia fell from 60.0 to 47.0% (P < 0.001). Among blood isolates, methicillin resistance of CNS increased from 17.0 to 58.0% (P < 0.001) and cefuroxime resistance of Enterobacter spp. increased from 21.0 to over 50% (P < 0.01). Among urinary isolates, cefuroxime resistance of Klebsiella spp. (11.0 to 24.0%, P < 0.001) and Enterobacter spp. (32.0 to 75.0%, P < 0.001) increased. Nalidixic acid resistance among Gram-negative urinary isolates, except Proteus mirabilis, rose by three- to sixfold. For Streptococcus pneumoniae, isolated from the respiratory tract, penicillin resistance increased dramatically (2 to 18%, P < 0.001). For respiratory isolates of Haemophilus influenzae, ampicillin resistance increased from 17.0 to 29.0% (P < 0.001). These data are useful in guiding empirical treatment of nosocomial infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sai-yin Wong
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luk
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies