title: Electroclinical features of idiopathic generalised epilepsy with persisting absences in adult life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the electroclinical features of typical absences persisting in adult life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve adult patients (aged 21 to 56 years) with idiopathic generalised epilepsy featuring typical absences as the prominent clinical feature were studied. All patients underwent a full clinical and neurophysiological investigation including ictal documentation of seizures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neurological examination and neuroradiological investigations were normal in all cases. Clinical findings included a median age at onset of absences of 14 (range 4-32) years, almost constant tonic-clonic seizures (in 83% of patients), frequent episodes of absence status (in 33% of patients), and associated cognitive or psychiatric disturbances. Interictal EEG findings showed normal background activity, generalised paroxysms of spike waves or polyspike waves, and inconstant focal spikes (in five patients); runs of polyspikes were seen during non-REM sleep. Ictal EEG findings showed generalised spike waves at 3 Hz, sometimes preceded by multiple spikes, or more complex EEG patterns with sequences of polyspikes intermingled with spike waves or polyspike waves, showing discharge fragmentation or variation of intradischarge frequency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study show that absences persisting in adult life may show particular clinical and EEG patterns, distinct from those in childhood or adolescence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Michelucci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rubboli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Passarelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riguzzi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Volpi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parmeggiani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rizzi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gardella
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tassinari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004576:Electromyography; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged