title: High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of pioglitazone and its metabolites in human serum and urine.
abstract: A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of pioglitazone and its metabolites (M-I to M-V) in human serum and urine was developed. The method for serum involved the solid-phase and liquid-liquid extraction. Urine with and without enzymatic hydrolysis using beta-glucuronidase was treated with liquid-liquid extraction. The compounds in the extract were analyzed using HPLC with UV detection at 269 nm. The detection limits of pioglitazone, M-I, M-II, M-III, M-IV, and M-V in serum were 0.01-0.05 micrograms/ml, those in urine were 0.1-0.5 micrograms/ml, and those in urine after enzymatic hydrolysis were 0.3-0.5 micrograms/ml, respectively. The method was applied to the clinical trials of pioglitazone.
authors.affiliation: Drug Analysis and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motohashi
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D045162:Thiazolidinediones
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D013844:Thiazoles; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077205:Pioglitazone