title: Acute cocaine effects on absolute cerebral blood flow.
abstract: Cocaine use has been associated with vasoconstriction and stroke, and several studies have demonstrated that it decreases relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in humans. However, rCBF has not been quantitated. We compared 40 mg IV cocaine hydrochloride to placebo effects on absolute rCBF in four cocaine users using 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT with a modified microsphere model for CBF quantitation. Cocaine produced significant decreases in rCBF in all regions studied with a mean decrease of 30% in absolute whole brain blood flow (P = 0.002) which was 3-fold greater than relative blood flow changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Connecticut 06516, USA.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wisniewski
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zubal
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: vanDyck
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Pfau
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kosten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D010091:Oximes; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D010091:Oximes; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D003042:Cocaine