title: Cocaine and metabolites in human graying hair: pigmentary relationship.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess differences in the binding of cocaine, cocaethylene, and benzoylecgonine among pigmented and senile white hairs of the graying human cocaine abuser.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sheath of graying hair in the region around the apex of the head was gathered between the thumb and index finger then cut and removed about 2 mm proximal to the scalp. The graying hair was divided into pigmented and senile white of equal weights and lengths and then analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry chemical ionization. Twenty-nine such pairs were analyzed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male cocaine abusers, ages 33-55 years hospitalized for substance abuse. Informed consent was obtained and confidentiality assured.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of cocaine, cocaethylene and benzoylecgonine in ng were assessed for each of 29 paired hair samples by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry chemical ionization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were statistically significant differences between pigmented and senile white sections of paired samples. Cocaine (ng/mg hair, mean +/- SD) was 31.5 +/- 30.2 for pigmented hair vs 14.9 +/- 19.8 for senile white portions; (p < 0.0001). Cocaethylene (ng/mg hair, mean +/- SD) 3.22 +/- 5.0 (pigmented) vs 0.52 +/- 0.88 (senile white); (p < 0.0016). Benzoylecgonine (ng/mg hair, mean +/- SD) 5.1 +/- 5.3 (pigmented) vs 3.9 +/- 4.8 (senile white); (p < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Melaninated pigmented hair seems to bind more cocaine, cocaethylene and benzoylecgonine than white hair in the same subject.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Service, Edward Hines Jr VA Hospital, Hines, IL 60141, USA.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Deakin
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ivery
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Crayton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009294:Narcotics / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000378:metabolism*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D010860:Pigments, Biological; C005618:benzoylecgonine; C066444:cocaethylene; D003042:Cocaine