title: Replication of poliovirus in Xenopus oocytes requires two human factors.
abstract: We described a novel system to study poliovirus replication in Xenopus oocytes. Poliovirus RNA microinjected into Xenopus oocyte initiates a complete cycle of viral replication, yielding a high level of infectious viruses. Two distinct HeLa cell activities are required, one involved in initiation of translation and the other in RNA synthesis. The translation factor is a large cytoplasmic protein or complex, which is specifically used for initiation of poliovirus translation. The replication factor is required at early stages of RNA synthesis. Formation of infectious poliovirus is highly temperature dependent. At temperatures below 27 degrees C, capsid assembly appears to be impaired. The oocyte system described here could be useful in identifying and characterizing viral and cellular factors involved in virus replication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0414, USA.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Gamarnik
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008845:Microinjections; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014981:Xenopus
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004279:DNA, Viral; D010455:Peptides; D012367:RNA, Viral