title: Echo planar MRI of the heart on a standard system: validation of measurements of left ventricular function and mass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to validate cardiac measurements derived from multishot echo planar MRI (EPI) as compared with the well validated conventional GRE technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten healthy subjects underwent breath-hold EPI and non-breath-hold GRE imaging in the short axis orientation of the left ventricle (LV) on a standard 1.5 T MR system. Ten section levels were obtained to encompass the entire LV. Measurements were obtained of end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), LV mass, time to end-systole (TES), and peak filling rate (PFR). Analysis of variance was performed to determine agreement between GRE- and EPI-derived measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The acquisition time for EPI was much shorter than that for GRE (2.5 vs. 15 min). Both imaging techniques yielded good quality images allowing LV volumetrics. Agreement between GRE and EPI was best for measurements of EDV, SV, and LV mass; somewhat less agreement was found for ESV, EF, TES, and PFR. The intraobserver variability for measuring TES and PFR was higher for GRE than EPI (one sided F test; critical values at p = 0.05 were > 3.18).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multishot EPI of the heart provides accurate measurements of LV function and mass in a time-efficient manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Leiden University Hospital, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doornbos
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: van der Velde
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kruit
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Reiber
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Roos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016477:Artifacts; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D009929:Organ Size; D012016:Reference Values; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left