title: U.S. naval aviation mishaps, 1977-92: differences between single- and dual-piloted aircraft.
abstract: The present study examined U.S. Naval aircraft mishap trends between January 1977 and December 1992 using all Class A, B, and C mishaps. Results of this investigation revealed that mishaps attributable to both human error and mechanical/environmental factors have declined steadily over the past 16 years, although mishaps attributed to human error have declined at a much slower rate. For those mishaps attributed to human error, differences were observed between single- and dual-piloted aircraft when phase-of-flight (takeoff, in-flight, landing) and time-of-day were evaluated. For single-piloted aircraft, in-flight mishaps constituted the highest proportion of mishaps during the day ( > 55%), while landing mishaps constituted the highest proportion of mishaps during the evening and night (43-65%). For dual-piloted aircraft, no consistent variation was evident for phase-of-flight and time-of-day. In-flight (approx. 55%) mishaps constituted the highest proportion of mishaps across all times of day, followed by landing (approx. 35%), and takeoff (approx. 10%) mishaps. These data support focused rather than global investigations of aviation mishaps.
authors.affiliation: Naval Air Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, Norfolk, VA 23511-2494, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shappell
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wiegmann
mesh_terms: D000060:Accidents, Aviation / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008889:Military Personnel; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D012307:Risk Factors; D017751:Safety Management / Q000379:methods*; D014481:United States