title: Body fat and exercise endurance in trained rats adapted to a high-fat and/or high-carbohydrate diet.
abstract: To study how diet composition affects exercise endurance and body composition, 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats were treadmill trained for 8 wk while consuming either a high-fat (F) diet or high-carbohydrate (C) diet. The diets were switched for one-half the number of rats in each group 3 days before the animals were killed, during which feeding time the rats did not exercise. One-half of rats receiving each of the four diet combinations were taken at rest (R) or exhaustion (E), resulting in eight groups: CCR, CFR, FFR, FCR, CCE CFE, FFE, and FCE. An analysis of variance revealed that resting glycogen in the FCR group was enhanced in muscle (19-33%) and liver (23%) compared with controls. Each F group's exercise time to exhaustion [CFE, 322.9 +/- 25.0; FFE, 356.8 +/- 37.8; FCE, 467.0 +/- 32.6 (SE) min] was different (P < 0.05) from control (CCE, 257.5 +/- 29.2 min). Postexercise glycogen was equivalent among all dietary groups, were muscle triglycerides. The FF and FC groups had higher 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity in soleus muscle than either CC or CF animals. After training, body weights were similar between the two dietary groups; however, percent body fat was 17% greater after the F diet, even though F diet animals voluntarily consumed 12% less energy than did C diet animals. These data suggest that exercise endurance time is optimized in trained rats that receive a carbohydrate load after adaptation to a F diet. However, despite intense exercise training, the F diet promotes body fat deposition, and the health consequences of following such a regimen are still unknown.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lapachet
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Arnall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D005223:Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005223:Fats; D006003:Glycogen