title: Functional anatomy of the pallidal base in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to define the morphology of the boundary between the globus pallidus and the ansa lenticularis (i.e., pallidal base) in humans. This information is important for surgeons who perform pallidotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight patients with Parkinson's disease underwent pallidotomy using microrecording techniques. The pallidal base was identified by the loss of neuronal single unit activity and by the change in background noise, as analyzed on the audio monitor and by fast Fourier transformation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three quarters of the patients had an abrupt transition of the background noise from neuronal to axonal activity. One quarter of the patients had multiple successive transitions of the background activity, over a distance of 0.4 to 2 mm (median, 1 mm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the pallidal base is not a smooth, sharp boundary between the globus pallidus and the ansa lenticularis. We propose two models that define the morphology of the pallidal base. One model depicts the pallidal base as a multifolded boundary that distinctly separates pallidal neurons from ansa lenticularis axons. Another model depicts the pallidal base as an indistinct transitional boundary between the globus pallidus and the ansa lenticularis, which contains axonal fibers intermixed with small clusters of pallidal neurons. We discuss the clinical relevance of these findings.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Favre
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Burchiel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008959:Models, Neurological; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*