title: Preventive treatment of foot deformities in type 1 diabetic patients aged 15-50 years--an epidemiological and prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prevent worsening of foot deformities in diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based and prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients in the county of Umeå with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) (n = 308) aged 15-50 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Examination and individual education was performed. Patients with the most pronounced foot deformities (n = 67) were fitted with custom-made insoles and had repeated foot examinations. An identical examination was used at a 3-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who were fitted with insoles had higher sensory thresholds for vibration compared to those with no insoles. They were older and had longer duration of DM. Improvement of foot deformities was significantly more common in patients after treatment with insoles than in patients without. Plantar ulcers did not occur in patients with moulded insoles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Information, follow-up examinations and moulded insoles improve neuropathic foot deformities in many patients, even in those with pronounced deformities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Borssén
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bergenheim
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lithner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005530:Foot Deformities / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010808:Physical Examination; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D016896:Treatment Outcome