Suspected drug eruption in seven dogs during administration of flucytosine.
7 of 8 dogs receiving combination drug therapy consisting of flucytosine together with amphotericin B and/or a triazole for cryptococcosis or aspergillosis developed cutaneous or mucocutaneous eruptions during the course of treatment. Lesions resolved in all cases following discontinuation of flucytosine despite continued administration of other antifungals, suggesting the eruption was referable primarily to the flucytosine component of therapy. Lesions developed 13 to 41 days (median 20 days) after commencing flucytosine (105 to 188 mg/kg/day divided and given every 8 h; median dose rate 150 mg/kg/day). The cumulative dose of flucytosine given prior to the first signs of the drug eruption ranged from 1.7 to 6.8 g/kg (median 2.3 g/kg). The eruptions consisted of depigmentation, followed by ulceration, exudation and crust formation. The scrotum was affected in all 4 male dogs, the nasal plane in 6 of 7 cases, while the lips, vulva, external ear canal and integument were involved in a smaller number of cases. There was considerable variation in the severity of lesions, with changes being most marked when flucytosine was continued for several days after lesions first appeared. Some dogs experienced malaise and inappetence in association with the suspected drug eruption. Healing took a variable period, typically in excess of 2 weeks after discontinuing flucytosine, with up to 2 months being required for total resolution of the lesions. All lesions resolved eventually without scarring or permanent loss of pigment.
Malik
R
R
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
Medeiros
C
C
Wigney
D I
DI
Love
D N
DN
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004285:Dogs; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000662:veterinary*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D005437:Flucytosine