Group selection for adaptation to multiple-hen cages: production traits during heat and cold exposures.
A selected line of White Leghorns that has shown improved survivability and productivity and reduced feather loss in multiple-hen cages was evaluated for production traits under both stressed and unstressed conditions. It was hypothesized that hens selected for adaptation to multiple-bird cages would react less intensely to stressors and therefore lay more eggs and have lower mortality under stressed conditions. Three lines of chickens (selected, control, and commercial) were housed in either single-hen (1 hen) or multiple-hen cages (12 hens, social competition) at 16.7 or 17.1 wk of age. They were subsequently subjected to cold exposure at 33 wk of age and heat exposure at 44 wk of age. The selected line of chickens in multiple-hen cages showed an increased resistance to heat exposure, as indicated by lower mortality, when compared to the control and commercial lines housed in multiple-hen cages. Egg production 8 d prior to, during, and 8 d following either cold or heat exposures indicated that the selected line of chickens withstood social, handling, and environmental stressors better than the control line and, in some cases, the commercial line of chickens. It was concluded that the selected line of Leghorns showed evidence of stress resistance through lowered mortality and improved production.
Hester
P Y
PY
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
Muir
W M
WM
Craig
J V
JV
Albright
J L
JL
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006799:Housing, Animal; D010058:Oviposition / Q000502:physiology; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D013315:Stress, Psychological