title: Colour flow Doppler echocardiography in normal horses.
abstract: Colour flow Doppler echocardiography is a technique that is used with two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiography to study blood flow patterns in the heart and blood vessels. This method was used to define normal flow patterns and to evaluate valvular function in 40 clinically normal Thoroughbred and Thoroughbred cross horses. Flow patterns from 10 standardised echocardiographic images were described in relation to anatomic landmarks and timing during the cardiac cycle. Consistent intracardiac flow patterns were identified in the normal horses. High velocity flow signals or regurgitant jets were recorded at the tricuspid (77.5%), mitral (67.5%), aortic (47.5%) and pulmonary valves (40%) in clinically normal horses. Most of these signals were transient, and many were associated with valve closure. This study demonstrates that colour flow Doppler echocardiography is a sensitive technique for the detection of intracardiac flow in horses. It will provide a basis by which to compare studies in horses suspected of having valvular heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Midlothian, UK.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Blissitt
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bonagura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D006351:Heart Valves / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006736:Horses / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male