title: Upregulatory effects of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 but not interleukin-10 on granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor production by human bronchial epithelial cells.
abstract: Airway epithelial cells are known to produce a granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which induces eosinophilic inflammation in bronchial asthma. Interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and IL-13 produced by Th2 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. To assess their contributions to airway inflammation, we examined their effects on GM-CSF production by bronchial epithelial cells. Human bronchial epithelial cells were obtained under bronchoscopy from 21 patients with various respiratory diseases and incubated with or without IL-4, IL-10, or IL-13. Then the GM-CSF concentrations in the cell-free supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results showed that IL-4 and IL-13 stimulated GM-CSF production by the epithelial cells dose-dependently, whereas IL-10 did not. The eosinophil survival-stimulating activity in the culture supernatants was closely correlated with GM-CSF concentration and was neutralized by anti-GM-CSF antibody. Thus, IL-4 and IL-13 may contribute to airway inflammation by upregulating GM-CSF production by bronchial epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokushima School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohmoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001980:Bronchi / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000494:pharmacology; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D018793:Interleukin-13; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor