title: [Piezoelectric extracorporeal lithotripsy of calculi of the median ureter (EDAP LT 02)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the performance of in situ piezolectric extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the middle part of the ureter.
  
  
  METHODS
  36 consecutive patients presenting with stones of the middle part of the ureter were treated by in situ piezoelectric ESWL (EDAP LT 02). The maximal dimensions of the stones ranged from 5 to 14 mm (m = 7.8). Moderate or severe ureterohydronephrosis was present in 19 cases (53%) and a double J stent had been previously implanted in 6 cases (17%). The ESWL sessions were performed in the ventral supine position without any anaesthesia or systematic premedication, but an IM injection of 100 mg of pethidine was administered during poorly tolerated treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The stone was located easily in 23 cases (64%) and with greater difficulty in 13 cases (36%), as an intraoperative intravenous injection of contrast agent was performed in 6 cases (17%). The number of sessions per patient ranged from 1 to 2 (m = 1.16). The complete sucess rate was 75%, with a 64% success rate after a single ESWL session. The performances were statistically independent of stone dimensions and the degree of obstruction of the urinary tract. The complication rate was 5.5%, but no ancillary endoscopic or percutaneous treatment was required.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In situ piezoelectric ESWL allows effective management of most stones of the middle part of the ureter. However, the treatment of stones with a maximal diameter < 5 mm, especially poorly radiopaque stones, can raise problems of localization. Very large or impacted stones, especially when complicated by urinary tract infection, should be preferably treated by first-line ureteroscopy.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Urologie I, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Delbos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rakotomalala
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Drianno
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guiter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D015607:Stents; D016683:Supine Position; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D018666:Ureteroscopy; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D003287:Contrast Media; D008614:Meperidine