title: Lymphocytes, cytokines, inflammation, and immune trafficking.
abstract: Studies reported during the past year have added new knowledge to our understanding of cellular abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus: 1) Antigen-specific and "pathogenic" T cells display a limited T cell receptor repertoire in lupus. 2) The ratio of interleukin-10 to interferon gamma-secreting cells in the peripheral blood of patients with lupus is increased in patients with active disease. 3) CD3-mediated increases in free intracytoplasmic calcium occur specifically in lupus T cells and lines; this finding provides additional evidence that cell-signaling events are defective in patients with lupus. 4) Aberrant expression of adhesion molecules on the surface membrane of leukocytes and endothelial cells was shown, a finding with important mechanistic and therapeutic implications. 5) Lupus antigen-presenting cells fail to upregulate the expression of B7-1 (CD80) in response to interferon gamma; defective expression of B7-1 is responsible for the decreased response of lupus cells to recall antigens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physiology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Tsokos
mesh_terms: D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis; D015551:Autoimmunity; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology*; D015603:Keratinocytes; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma