title: Types and activities of voltage-operated calcium channels change during development of rat pituitary neurointermediate lobe.
abstract: Cultures of pituitary neurointermediate lobe cells were established from rats aged 1, 12, and 42 days to identify the types and assess the activities of Ca2+ channels present in melanotropes, glial-like cells, and fibroblasts during development. Day 12 represents the time at which dopaminergic axons have become distributed throughout the lobe, glial cells begin to lose their radial orientation, and melanotropes robustly express the short isoform of the dopamine D2 receptor. Thus, we studied Ca2+ channels in relation to the event of innervation of melanotropes. Real-time fluorescence video microscopy, in the presence of pharmacological agents, which block L-, N-, P-, and T-type channels, was used as an indirect measurement of channel activity. Assessment of cell type was verified by triple-label fluorescence immunohistochemistry. In melanotropes, extracellular Ca2+ addition caused Ca2+ influx through omega-conotoxin GVIA-sensitive, N-type channels on days 1 and 12 but not on day 42. The K+ depolarization induced an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration in all age-groups. This effect was decreased by nifedipine, an L-type channel blocker, at all ages, and by omega-agatoxin IVa, a P-type blocker, only on day 42. These results demonstrate that the predominance of N- or P-type channels on melanotropes is age-dependent and can be correlated with other developmental changes. The T-type blocker, NiSO4, had no effect. In glial-like cells of all ages, extracellular Ca2+ addition resulted in an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which was inhibited only by NiSO4. The percentage of responsive glial-like cells was equally high in days 1 and 12 cultures, then declined by day 42. The K+ depolarization had no effect on glial-like cells. Fibroblasts did not respond significantly to extracellular Ca2+ or K+ depolarization, indicating little detectable activity by this methodology from functional voltage-operated Ca2+ channels.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City 64108, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Beatty
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sands
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Chronwall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D002118:Calcium