title: [Primary and secondary negative symptoms: a useful differentiation? An empirical study].
abstract: The concept of schizophrenic negative symptomatology consisting of primary, treatment-resistant negative symptoms associated with cognitive dysfunction and treatable secondary composite negative symptoms was tested by comparing a group with non-chronic schizophrenia and a neurotic group with negative symptoms before and 8 weeks after the start of treatment. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found no association between schizophrenic negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction as measured by CPT and K-V-T either at the first or at the second assessment point, but did find a strong relation between depressive and negative symptomatology at both assessment points in both groups. Thus, we conclude that a chronic course, rather than primary negative symptomatology, may be associated with cognitive dysfunction. The concept of primary negative symptoms based on cognitive dysfunction versus secondary negative composite symptoms encompassing motivation and reactive attitudes is not supported by these results.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mundt
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Richter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009497:Neurotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D011379:Prognosis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012050:Rehabilitation, Vocational / Q000523:psychology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents