title: GAD65 autoantibodies in women with gestational or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosed during pregnancy.
abstract: We have studied the presence of GAD65 autoantibodies in women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 28) or gestational diabetes (GDM) (n = 139) diagnosed during pregnancy and investigated the temporal relationship between these autoantibodies and the subsequent recurrence or development of IDDM. Among the GDM patients, 4.3% (6 of 139) developed true IDDM during a median follow-up period of 6.3 years (range 4.0-11.0). Of these, 2.2% (3 of 139) were positive for GAD65 autoantibodies at diagnosis of GDM compared to 0% (0 of 27) of healthy pregnant women. All 3 GAD65 autoantibody positive GDM patients subsequently developed IDDM after a median of 14 months (range 4-34). GAD65 autoantibodies were present in 50% (14 of 28) of sera from women with IDDM diagnosed during pregnancy. The non-insulin-requiring remission period was significantly shorter in GAD65 autoantibody positive patients (median 0.5 years [range 0-6.0 years]) than in GAD65 antibody negative patients (median 2.6 years; range 0-9.7 years; p < 0.05). The results suggest that screening for GAD65 autoantibodies in women with GDM or IDDM diagnosed during pregnancy may be useful for predicting the clinical course of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Hagedorn Research Institute, Gentofte, Denmark.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dyrberg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Damm
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kühl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mølsted-Pedersen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buschard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase