title: Approaches to studies on neuronal/glial relationships by 13C-MRS analysis.
abstract: The use of different 13C-labelled precursors alone or in combination ([1-13C]glucose, [2-13C]glucose, [1-13C]acetate, [2-13C]acetate and [1,2-13C2]acetate) to study neuronal/glial metabolic relationships by MRS is discussed. Glutamine and citrate resonances represent glial metabolism if a combination of [1-13C]glucose + [2-13C]acetate is used, but only for short time periods. A combination of [2-13C]glucose + [2-13C]acetate will label -COO- groups from glucose and -CH2 groups from acetate, respectively, which distinguish well in theory. However, this approach is severely limited by the long T1S of -COO- groups and low S/N. Contributions of the anaplerotic pathway can be assessed using [2-13C]glucose, but again can be limited by the long T1S of -COO- groups. Labelling of glycerol-3-phosphate (believed to be produced in glia) from [1-13C]glucose is difficult to see under normal conditions but has proved useful in, e.g., hypoxia. We believe the most promising approach is the use of [1-13C] glucose with [1,2-13C2]acetate, by analysis of the multiplets ('isotopomers') of the amino acid resonances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bachelard
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005994:Glycerophosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D011766:Pyruvate Carboxylase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005994:Glycerophosphates; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C029620:alpha-glycerophosphoric acid; D011766:Pyruvate Carboxylase; D005947:Glucose