title: New integrated sensor pacemaker: comparison of rate responses between an integrated minute ventilation and activity sensor and single sensor modes during exercise and daily activities and nonphysiological interference.
abstract: A dual sensor DDDR pacemaker (DX2 Model 7970, Medtronic Inc.) has integrated the rate response of minute ventilation (MV) and activity (ACT) sensors. False rate acceleration by the ACT (constrained upper rate) and MV (cross-checked by ACT) is reduced. We examined the rate response profile and rate kinetics of the automatically optimized integrated sensor by comparing with the projected rate response of ACT and MV sensors alone in nine patients. After 1 month of sensor optimization using rate profile optimization (RPO), patients underwent maximal and submaximal treadmill exercises and performed activities of daily living (ADL). The integrated sensor mode gave a faster speed of rate response with a shorter delay time, time to 50% rate response and time to 90% of rate response compared to the MV sensor during hall walk (0.37 +/- 0.08, 0.7 +/- 0.09, 1.43 +/- 0.19 vs 1.11 +/- 0.1, 1.75 +/- 0.14, 2.91 +/- 0.17 min; P < 0.05). The average maximal sensor rates were significantly more proportional for the integrated sensor mode compared with either the ACT or MV mode. There was no significant difference in both the maximal pacing rate among the three sensor modes during maximal exercise and the rate decay during recovery. During interference studies by arm swinging (30-40 swings/min) and external tapping of the pacemakers (2 taps/s), there was only a moderate increase in pacing rate by 13 +/- 9, 16 +/- 5 beats/min. Hence, the new integrated sensor with the automatic rate profile optimization algorithm resulted in improved rate response profiles during submaximal exercise and ADL compared to the individual sensor response, and the sensor blending and cross-checking algorithm made the pacemaker relatively immune to false triggering of both the ACT and MV sensors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Leung
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D004582:Electronics, Medical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D004869:Equipment Safety; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D012119:Respiration / Q000502:physiology*; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D012984:Software; D013997:Time Factors; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology