title: A gas chromatographic-positive ion chemical ionization-mass spectrometric method for the determination of I-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM), norLAAM, and dinorLAAM in plasma, urine, and tissue.
abstract: l-alpha-Acetylmethadol (LAAM) is approved as a substitute for methadone for the treatment of opiate addiction. Analytical methods are needed to quantitate LAAM and its two psychoactive metabolites, norLAAM and dinorLAAM, to support pharmacokinetic and other studies. We developed a gas chromatographic-positive ion chemical ionization-mass spectrometric method for these analyses. The method uses 0.5 mL urine or 1.0 mL plasma or tissue homogenate, deuterated (d3) isotopomers as internal standards, methanolic denaturation of protein (for plasma and tissue), and extraction of the buffered sample with n-butyl chloride. For tissue homogenates, an acidic back extraction is included. norLAAM and dinorLAAM were derivatized with trifluoroacetic anhydride. Chromatographic separation of LAAM and derivatized norLAAM and dinorLAAM is achieved with a 5% phenyl methylsilicone capillary column. Positive ion chemical ionization detection using methane-ammonia as the reagent gas produces abundant protonated ions (MH+) for LAAM (m/z 354) and LAAM-d3 (m/z 357) and ammonia adduct ions (MNH4+) for the derivatized norLAAM (m/z 453), norLAAM-d3 (m/z 45 6), dinorLAAM (m/z 439), and dinorLAAM-d3 (m/z 442). The linear range of the calibration curves were matrix dependent: 5-300 ng/mL for plasma, 10-1000 ng/mL for urine, and 10-600 ng/g for tissue homogenates. The low calibrator was the validated limit of quantitation for that matrix. The method is precise and accurate with percent coefficients of variation and percent of targets within 13%. The method was applied to the analysis of human urine and plasma samples; rat plasma, liver, and brain samples; and human liver microsomes following incubation with LAAM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112, USA.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Crouch
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Sakashita
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Alburges
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Minear
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Schulthies
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Foltz
mesh_terms: D000089:Acetic Anhydrides; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002021:Buffers; D002073:Butanes / Q000737:chemistry; D002138:Calibration; D005463:Fluoroacetates; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008692:Methadyl Acetate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000432:Methanol / Q000378:metabolism; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D051381:Rats; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013045:Species Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014269:Trifluoroacetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000089:Acetic Anhydrides; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D002021:Buffers; D002073:Butanes; D005463:Fluoroacetates; C020783:paracymethadol; C020700:1 alpha-acetyldinormethadol; C017958:trifluoroacetic anhydride; D014269:Trifluoroacetic Acid; D008692:Methadyl Acetate; D000432:Methanol; C006854:butyl chloride