title: Surgical experience of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection with mid-term follow-up in a developing country.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To illustrate the incidence, the different age group, varied clinical presentation, incremental risk factors for surgery and follow-up results from this part of the world.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study with follow-up from 3 months to 5 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional practice with hospitalised care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospitalised patients with a diagnosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients who were diagnosed to have total anomalous pulmonary venous connection underwent corrective surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 20 hospital deaths postoperatively. The mean follow-up was 1.9 year. Logistic regression analysis identified age group, timing of surgery, associated anomalies preoperative symptoms, anatomical type of lesion, pulmonary artery hypertension, duration of ventilation, low cardiac output as risk factors for surgery. The mean survival time was 4-8 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mortality continues to be higher from this part of the world due to severe malnourishment, late presentation. Sociodemographic factors also play a major role in affecting surgical outcome apart from the identified risk factors for surgery.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shivaprakash
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rao Suresh
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soma
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Pannu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Haridass
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cherian
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors