[Multistep stomach carcinogenesis].
Genetic instability, alterations of tumor suppressor genes as well as activation of oncogenes and aberrant expression of growth factor/receptor system found in human stomach carcinogenesis are overviewed. Aberrant expression and amplification of the c-met gene, inactivation of the p53 gene and amplification of the cyclin E gene are common events of both well differentiated and poorly differentiated gastric carcinomas. K-ras mutations, c-erbB2 gene amplification, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and mutations of the APC, LOH of the bcl-2 gene and LOH at DCC locus are preferentially associated with well differentiated gastric cancer. On the other hand, microsatellite instability, reduction or loss of cadherin and catenins, K-sam and c-met gene amplification confer the development and progression of poorly differentiated or scirrhous gastric carcinomas. Interaction between cell-adhesion molecules in the c-met expressed cancer cells and hepatocyte growth factor from stromal cells is involved in morphogenesis of gastric cancer.
Yokozaki
H
H
First Department of Pathology, Hiroshima University School of Medicine.
Tahara
E
E
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics*; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
D016213:Cyclins; D006133:Growth Substances; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases