title: Atropine versus cyclopentolate plus tropicamide in esodeviations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The correction of the total hypermetropic refractive error in the management of esodeviations is well accepted. The choice of the appropriate cycloplegic agent is still not settled. Despite evidence that atropine will more effectively uncover the total refractive error, cyclopentolate in combination with other cycloplegic agents continues to be recommended. This study evaluates the use of atropine compared with a combination of cyclopentolate and tropicamide and analyzes age, size of the refractive error, and size of the esodeviation as possible contributing variables in the response.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 74 patients who underwent refraction with atropine 1% on one occasion and a combination of 1% cyclopentolate and 1% tropicamide on another occasion were reviewed. The mean and range of refractive errors for each eye for each group were determined. Comparisons were made for groups depending on age, size of the refractive error, and size of the esodeviation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The amount of hypermetropia determined with atropine was significantly higher than the amount determined with the combination of cyclopentolate and tropicamide. This difference was significant for three age groups of three groups with increasing amounts of hypermetropia, and two groups with differing amounts of esodeviations. In addition, 11% of right eyes and 19% of left eyes showed 1.25 D or more of hypermetropia with atropine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Refraction with 1% atropine ointment yields a significantly larger amount of hypermetropia than does refraction with a combination of cyclopentolate and tropicamide. This difference is statistically significant regardless of age, amount of hypermetropia, or size of the esotropia.
authors.affiliation: State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, USA.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Schneekloth
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D001285:Atropine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003519:Cyclopentolate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004948:Esotropia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009824:Ointments; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014331:Tropicamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D009184:Mydriatics; D009824:Ointments; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D001285:Atropine; D003519:Cyclopentolate; D014331:Tropicamide