title: Effects of adrenomedullin and calcitonin gene-related peptide on airway and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle in guinea-pigs.
abstract: 1. The airway and pulmonary vascular effects of adrenomedullin were studied in the guinea-pig isolated trachea, main bronchi and pulmonary artery in vitro and compared to the effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). 2. In tracheal rings, CGRP (1 nM to 1 microM) potentiated the cholinergic contractions induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS) at 5 Hz in a concentration-dependent manner. At a concentration of 1 microM, CGRP slightly decreased the responses to log EFS frequency, producing 50% of the maximum contraction from a control value of 0.77 +/- 0.10 Hz to 0.54 +/- 0.05 Hz without a significant effect on the concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh). In contrast, adrenomedullin (1 nM to 1 microM) did not alter either EFS-induced cholinergic or ACh-induced contractions. 3. In bronchial strips, CGRP (1 nM to 1 microM) slightly reduced both the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) contraction induced by EFS at 10 Hz and the substance P (1 microM)-induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas adrenomedullin (1 nM to 1 microM) was without effect. 4. Neither CGRP (1 microM) nor adrenomedullin (1 microM) altered NANC relaxation induced by EFS at 5 Hz in tracheal rings precontracted with histamine (10 microM). 5. Adrenomedullin (1 nM to 1 microM) and CGRP (1 nM to 1 microM) induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of the histamine (10 microM)- and prostaglandin F2 alpha (10 microM)-precontracted pulmonary arterial rings with intact endothelium with a similar potency. 6. Neither removal of the endothelium nor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (100 microM) altered the vasorelaxant effects of adrenomedullin (1 nM to 1 microM) and CGRP (1 nM to 1 microM). 7. The putative CGRP receptor antagonist, CGRP8-37 (1 microM to 10 microM) concentration-dependently attenuated the CGRP (3 nM to 30 nM)-induced vasorelaxant actions, whereas it had no effect on the relaxation of vessel rings induced by adrenomedullin (3 nM to 30 nM). 8. These results suggest that adrenomedullin is a potent vasodilator of the pulmonary artery without any bronchomotor effect in the guinea-pig lung, and that the vasorelaxant actions of adrenomedullin are not mediated via the activation of CGRP1 receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sekizawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohrui
authors.forename: Y X
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D053607:Adrenomedullin; D000818:Animals; D017776:Autonomic Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077221:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000077221:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010455:Peptides; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D053607:Adrenomedullin; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester