title: Multidrug resistance in ocular melanoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metastatic disease in patients with ocular melanoma is resistant to chemotherapy. One of the main mechanisms of modulating multidrug resistance is the expression of the multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) product (p-glycoprotein) by tumour cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of expression of the MDR1 gene in ocular melanoma whose primary treatment was surgical excision or enucleation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve recent ocular melanomas were received fresh, snap frozen and cryostat sections of tumour were analysed for expression of MDR1 by immunohistochemistry using a well characterised monoclonal antibody to MDR1. Tumour explants were established in short term tissue culture from four tumours and cell blocks were examined by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MDR1 expression was present in five of 12 ocular melanomas. Upregulation of protein expression was found in four cell lines established in short term culture from tumour explants. A recurrent tumour, initially treated by local excision and radioactive plaque, showed overexpression of MDR1 mRNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that significant level of MDR1 may be intrinsically present in ocular melanomas before exposure to drugs involved in multidrug resistance, and indicate the possible importance of MDR1 in modulating chemoresistance in ocular melanoma. Chemosensitisation may be of potential value in planning adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with metastatic disease.
authors.affiliation: Research Foundation, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clynes
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dunne
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: NicAmhlaoibh
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1