title: Macrovascular disease is associated with increased plasma apolipoprotein A-IV levels in NIDDM.
abstract: Apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) might play an important role in lipoprotein metabolism, including modulation of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein catabolism, reverse cholesterol transport and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity. Increased apoA-IV levels have been reported in plasma from NIDDM patients. The aim of the present study was to look for a possible association between plasma apoA-IV level and prevalence of macrovascular disease in NIDDM. One hundred and thirty-six NIDDM patients were studied (71 men, 65 women). Macrovascular disease was assessed in each patient by a standardized questionnaire, physical examination, resting electrocardiogram (ECG), and laboratory evaluation (ankle/arm blood pressure ratio, continuous wave Doppler velocimetry). Moreover, patients without any history of coronary heart disease and showing a normal resting ECG underwent a bicycle exercise test or a dipyridamole thallium scintigraphy to detect possible silent myocardial ischemia. Among the 136 NIDDM patients, 56 had macrovascular disease. ApoA-IV levels were significantly higher in NIDDM patients with macrovascular disease than in NIDDM patients without macrovascular disease (20.9 +/- 8.6 vs. 13.3 +/- 5.3 mg/dl; P < 0.001). The influence of different factors, such as age, BMI, cigarette smoking, hypertension, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, apoA-IV level, apoA-IV phenotype, fasting glycemia, fasting C-peptide, and microalbuminuria, on the prevalence of macrovascular disease was analyzed using a logistic regression model. In the univariate analysis, apoA-IV level (P < 0.00001), age (P = 0.0087), hypertension (P = 0.012), microalbuminuria (P = 0.018), triglycerides (P = 0.02), and fasting C-peptide (P = 0.03) were positively associated with macrovascular disease. In the multivariate analysis, macrovascular disease was positively associated only with apoA-IV (P < 0.0001) and age (P = 0.003) and negatively associated with HDL cholesterol (P = 0.013). These results indicate that increased plasma apoA-IV level is associated with an increased prevalence of macrovascular disease in NIDDM. Moreover, apoA-IV, in NIDDM patients, appears to be a better marker for macrovascular disease than triglycerides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University of Dijon, France.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Vergès
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lagrost
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vaillant
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gambert
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brun
mesh_terms: D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004176:Dipyridamole; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007383:Intermittent Claudication; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; C022205:apolipoprotein A-IV; D004176:Dipyridamole; D002784:Cholesterol