title: TGF-beta 1 forms functionally normal bone in a segmental sheep tibial diaphyseal defect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is a polyfunctional regulatory cytokine that has been shown to have roles in extracellular matrix interactions, soft tissue healing, and osteogenesis. This study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of TGF-beta 1 in the formation of functionally normal bone in tibial-diaphyseal defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven hundred fifty micrograms of recombinant human TGF-beta 1 was added to a guanidine-extracted demineralised bone matrix (Gu-DBM) carrier and the implants were used to fill a 2.5 cm tibial diaphyseal defect in skeletally mature female sheep. The defects were allowed to heal over a 12-week period. After sacrifice, they were analyzed using four-point bending mechanical testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implants with TGF-beta 1 showed complete bony bridging of the defect and stress-strain curves similar to the normal contralateral limb, while implants with the carrier alone failed to bridge the gap.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate the ability of TGF-beta 1 to induce new bone which has structural and functional characteristics similar to normal bone.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Moxham
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kibblewhite
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dvorak
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Perey
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Tencer
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bruce
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Strong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D018483:Diaphyses / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D012756:Sheep; D013977:Tibia / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000601:surgery; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta