title: Cytokines in the serum and brain in mice infected with distinct species of Lyme disease Borrelia.
abstract: This study describes the detection of cytokines, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), tumor necrosis-factor alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the serum and brain homogenates of susceptible and resistant strains of mice infected with distinct species/strains of Borrelia. Significant elevation of inflammatory cytokines was found in the sera of susceptible C3H/ HeN mice but not in the sera of resistant BALB/c mice on days 7 and 45 after inoculation. Brain cytokines were observed in C3H/HeN mice infected with B. garinii and B. afzelii and the production was associated with the presence of spirochetes. B. japonica was the only exception in disease-susceptibility and cytokine production of mice. These results suggest that there are differences in pathogenic potential amongst Borrelia strains, and that the susceptible mice demonstrate a stronger cytokine response and greater frequency of recovery of Borrelia from the brain than do the resistant mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Isogai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isogai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakane
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001898:Borrelia / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D015748:Borrelia burgdorferi Group / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha