title: Chest pain is an unreliable measure of ischemia in men and women during PTCA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the differences between men and women in ischemia-induced pain, the amount of ST-segment deviation (the "ST deviation score"), and the relation between pain intensity and ST deviation score.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, comparative descriptive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiac catheterization laboratory of a large, urban, university-affiliated medical center with full cardiac services.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and had electrocardiographic (ECG) evidence of myocardial ischemia during balloon inflation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Continuous 12-lead ECGs were recorded during balloon inflation in patients undergoing PTCA. Patients rated pain on a scale of 0 to 10. The total ST deviation score equaled baseline ECG ST minus maximal ST deviation; absolute deviations were totaled. Frequencies, measures of central tendency, or chi-square or t tests were used for data analysis with significance established at p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no difference in the degree of chest pain between men and women during balloon inflation, nor was ST deviation score associated with pain in either gender. Pain intensity did not correlate with total ST deviation in men (r = 0.02) or women (r = -0.07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, pain was a poor indicator of ischemia in both sexes during PTCA, and the degree of pain did not correlate with the magnitude of ST deviation. More than one third of men and more than one fourth of women experienced no chest pain during balloon inflation. Clinicians should consider continuous ST-segment monitoring and patient symptoms to monitor accurately for ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Nursing School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pelter
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Drew
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012737:Sex Factors