Gene therapy for hematopoietic and immune disorders.
Gene therapy is a novel approach under investigation for the treatment of genetic diseases, cancer and AIDS. Hematopoietic stem cells would be the target cell for correction of hemoglobinopathies, immune deficiencies and lysosomal storage diseases. Retroviral vectors derived from murine leukemia viruses have been used most extensively for gene delivery, but are limited in their capacity to transduce pluripotent human hematopoietic stem cells. In a trial of gene transfer for adenosine deaminase (ADA)-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), three neonates were treated with infusion of autologous umbilical cord blood CC34+ cells. Up to 3 years later, a low number of leukocytes are still being produced containing the inserted ADA gene, with evidence of selective accumulation of transduced T lymphocytes. Further successful applications of gene therapy will require development of more efficient methods of gene transfer into stem cells.
Kohn
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DB
Division of Research Immunology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA.
D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D000882:Haplorhini; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D016511:Severe Combined Immunodeficiency / Q000628:therapy
D000243:Adenosine Deaminase