Anti-CD18 antibodies improve cardiac function following cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs.
OBJECTIVE
Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with activation of neutrophils, which may adhere to vascular endothelium causing lung, heart, and brain injury. We tested whether blocking neutrophil adherence would improve organ function following cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs.


METHODS
All dogs received a standard anesthetic, and then one group (n = 6) received 2 hours of cardiopulmonary bypass followed by 4 hours of observation. A second group (n = 6) received a monoclonal antibody (6 mg/kg) to CD18, a neutrophil adherence factor, immediately before cardiopulmonary bypass. A third group (n = 6) did not receive cardiopulmonary bypass or antibody.


RESULTS
Using flow cytometry we found that the antibody bound essentially all neutrophil CD18 sites. All three groups had similar gas exchange and hemodynamics. Lung and heart histology results were similar between groups. By echocardiography, five animals receiving cardiopulmonary bypass alone showed regional wall abnormalities, whereas only one receiving antibody showed wall motion abnormality (P < .05). Following cardiopulmonary bypass, intracellular myocardial pH was higher (P < .05) in the antibody-treated group compared with the group that had cardiopulmonary bypass alone (7.23 +/- 0.05 v 7.07 +/- 0.07 respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Monoclonal antibodies to CD18 can prevent the deterioration in cardiac function routinely observed following cardiopulmonary bypass.
Mayers
I
I
Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Hurst
T
T
Johnson
D
D
Cujec
B
B
Ang
L C
LC
Thomson
D
D
Fox
J A
JA
Blank
G S
GS
Saxena
A
A
Richardson
J S
JS
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D004285:Dogs; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006439:Hemodynamics; D016023:Integrins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018821:CD18 Antigens; D016023:Integrins