title: Inducible nitric oxide synthase following hypoxia in rat cultured glial cells.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) exerts inhibitory and cytotoxic effects on various cells including neuronal cells. In the present study, we examined the ability of rat glial cells to produce NO following hypoxia/reoxygenation in vitro by measuring nitrite. The levels of nitrite produced in the cultured media of glial cells significantly increased after 12-h hypoxia but not after 0- and 6-h hypoxia. The NOS inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, decreased hypoxia-induced nitrite formation. In glial cells after hypoxia/reoxygenation, the iNOS and mRNA and protein expressions were detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and by immunocytochemical analysis, respectively. The present study provides the first evidence that hypoxia induces NO production from glial cells. This hypoxia-induced, glial cell-derived NO may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University, School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawase
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinouchi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akabane
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D010100:Oxygen