title: Interleukin-12 alters helper T-cell subsets and antibody profiles induced by the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin.
abstract: We have shown that systemic administration of rmIL-12 could trigger Th1-type responses to a protein antigen delivered orally with CT as mucosal adjuvant. The most striking finding was that IL-12 could retain its regulatory effects when orally administered and could redirect the immune response to the oral vaccine toward a Th1-type. However, regulation by orally administered IL-12 differed from parenteral treatment with IL-12 since only the latter treatment affected mucosal S-IgA responses. These findings have important implications for the development of mucosal vaccines that induce the desired immune response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center 35294-2170, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marinaro
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Boyaka
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Finkelman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyono
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McGhee
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D018664:Interleukin-12; D002772:Cholera Toxin