title: Regulation and repair of double-strand DNA breaks.
abstract: Double-strand break (DSB) repair in mammalian cells involves in DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). DNA-PK is composed of three subunits, a catalytic kinase subunit (DNA-PKcs) mutated in the mouse scid complementation group and the Ku heterodimer. Ku-deficient and DNA-PKcs-deficient cell lines and an animal model have illuminated important features of the DSB repair pathway. Additional factors relevant to several essential functions of DNA replication may point to some overlap between DNA synthesis and DNA repair in eukaryotes. The DNA-PK complex may have broader functions based on its possible involvement in transcriptional regulation and cell cycle checkpoints.
authors.affiliation: Division of Tumor Immunology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Weaver
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015984:Causality; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000502:physiology*; D004265:DNA Helicases; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000502:physiology*; D051747:DNA-Activated Protein Kinase; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007133:Immunoglobulin Joining Region / Q000235:genetics; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics; D007138:Immunoglobulin delta-Chains / Q000235:genetics; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D001324:Autoantigens; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007133:Immunoglobulin Joining Region; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D007138:Immunoglobulin delta-Chains; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D004247:DNA; D051747:DNA-Activated Protein Kinase; C497263:PRKDC protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D004265:DNA Helicases; C106893:XRCC5 protein, human; C000606509:Xrcc6 protein, human; C000606510:Xrcc6 protein, mouse; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen