title: A dose-response analysis of arteriovenous malformation obliteration after radiosurgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although radiosurgery is effective in obliterating the pathologic vessels of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVM), the relationships of both dose and volume to obliteration have not been well defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  The results of radiosurgery in 197 AVM patients with 3-year angiographic follow-up were analyzed. Volume varied from 0.06-18 cc (median: 4.1 cc), and minimum target dose (Dmin) varied from 12.0-25.6 Gy (median: 20.0 Gy).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up angiography revealed complete AVM obliteration in 142 out of 197 patients (72%). The targeted AVM nidus failed to obliterate in 20 patients (10%), but in-field obliteration was complete in the remaining 35 patients (18%) discovered to have residual untargeted AVM nidus. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of in-field obliteration revealed a significant independent correlation with Dmin (p = 0.04), but not with volume or maximum dose. A sigmoid dose-response curve for in-field obliteration was constructed that significantly differed from the dose-volume-response relationships that would have been expected from overall obliteration data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The success rate for in-field obliteration of AVM after radiosurgery depends on Dmin but does not appear to change appreciably with volume or maximum dose. Success rates for complete obliteration additionally are limited by problems defining the complete AVM nidus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Flickinger
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kondziolka
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Lunsford
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016634:Radiosurgery