title: Engagement of the Lewis X antigen (CD15) results in monocyte activation.
abstract: We previously reported that monocyte adhesion to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-treated endothelial cells increased expression of tissue factor and CD36 on monocytes. Using immunological cross-linking to mimic receptor engagement by natural ligands, we now show that CD15 (Lewis X), a monocyte counter-receptor for endothelial selectins may participate in this response. We used cytokine production as a readout for monocyte activation and found that CD15 cross-linking induced TNF-alpha release from peripheral blood monocytes and cells from the monocytic cell line MM6. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed an increase in steady-state TNF-alpha mRNA after 3 to 4 hours of cross-linking. CD15 cross-linking also concomitantly increased interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA, while no apparent change was observed in the levels of beta-actin mRNA, indicating specificity. To examine transcriptional regulation of cytokine genes by CD15 engagement, a CAT plasmid reporter construct containing IL-1 beta promoter/enhancer sequences was introduced into MM6. Subsequent cross-linking of CD15 increased CAT activity. CD15 engagement by monoclonal antibody also attenuated IL-1 beta transcript degradation, demonstrating that signaling via CD15 also had posttranscriptional effects. Nuclear extracts of anti-CD15 cross-linked cells demonstrated enhanced levels of the transcriptional factor activator protein-1, minimally changed nuclear factor-kappa B, and did not affect SV40 promoter specific protein-1. We conclude that engagement of CD15 on monocytes results in monocyte activation. In addition to its well-recognized adhesive role, CD15 may function as an important signaling molecule capable of initiating proinflammatory events in monocytes that come into contact with activated endothelium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Golenbock
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sass
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maskati
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Silverstein
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000494:pharmacology; D007152:Immunologic Capping; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016256:Lewis X Antigen / Q000502:physiology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016256:Lewis X Antigen; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha