title: Interleukin-6 inhibits Fas-induced apoptosis and stress-activated protein kinase activation in multiple myeloma cells.
abstract: Fas belongs to the family of type-1 membrane proteins that transduce apoptotic signals. In the present studies, we characterized signaling during Fas-induced apoptosis in RPMI-8226 and IM-9 multiple myeloma (MM) derived cell lines as well as patient plasma cell leukemia cells. Treatment with anti-Fas (7C11) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) induced apoptosis, evidenced by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and propidium iodide staining, and was associated with increased expression of c-jun early response gene. We also show that anti-Fas MoAb treatment is associated with activation of stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK); however, no detectable increase in extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) activity was observed. Because interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a growth factor for MM cells and inhibits apoptosis induced by dexamethasone and serum starvation, we examined whether IL-6 affects anti-Fas MoAb-induced apoptosis and activation of SAPK or p38 MAPK in MM cells. Culture of MM cells with IL-6 before treatment with anti-Fas MoAb significantly reduced both DNA fragmentation and activation of SAPK, without altering induction of p38 MAPK activity. These results therefore suggest that anti-Fas MoAb-induced apoptosis in MM cells is associated with activation of SAPK, and that IL-6 may both inhibit apoptosis and modulate SAPK activity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kharbanda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urashima
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Teoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kufe
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D019014:fas Receptor; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases