title: Shoulder impingement syndrome: influence of shoulder position on rotator cuff impingement--an anatomic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship of the distal supraspinatus tendon to the coracoacromial arch on radiographs and MR imaging at various shoulder positions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiopaque and gadolinium-impregnated markers were sutured to the distal aspect of the supraspinatus tendon and along the coracoacromial ligament in three cadavers. While varying positions of the shoulder, we obtained gross anatomic visualization, radiographs, and MR images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Impingement of the distal aspect of the supraspinatus tendon between the acromion and the greater tuberosity of the humerus was well visualized during forward flexion and abduction of more than 30 degrees. Shoulder impingement was best seen at 60 degrees forward flexion, 60 degrees abduction, and internal rotation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR imaging of different shoulder positions may help reveal the pathogenesis of shoulder impingement syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brossmann
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Preidler
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pedowitz
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trudell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Resnick
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011187:Posture; D011859:Radiography; D019534:Shoulder Impingement Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*