title: [15 years of endoscopic therapy in choledocholithiasis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relevance of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the diagnosis and treatment of common bile duct stones has increased since the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1989-1990.
  
  
  METHODS
  The number, indications, success and complication rate of ERCP were analyzed retrospectively in 1121 consecutive patients with bile duct stones treated at Berne University Hospital between 1980 and 1994.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of patients undergoing endoscopic stone extraction increased slowly from 1980 to 1990, but has shown a 4-fold increase in the last 5 years parallel to the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Failure to diagnose and remove bile duct stones decreased 5-fold from 23% (14 of 60 patients) in 1986 to 4.4% (10 of 225 patients) in 1994. Major complications occurred in 3.2% (30 of 617 patients) and consisted of acute pancreatitis (1.6%), hemorrhage of the papilla (1%), and cholangitis (0.6%). The severity but not the number of complications has decreased in the last 15 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones are usually treated by endoscopic stone extraction combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Open operation with bile duct exploration is reserved for a small subgroup of patients with specific problems.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Gastroenterologie, Inselspital, Universitätsspital, Bern.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kleiner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmassmann
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Scheurer
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Büchler
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Halter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D042882:Gallstones / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
vernacular_title: 15 Jahre endoskopische Therapie der Choledocholithiasis.