title: Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor support in patients with acute non-lymphatic leukemia.
abstract: Forty-one patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia were treated between March 1990 and November 1993 with mitoxantrone, cytarabine, etoposide and granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) started on day 1. This was given as induction, consolidation and intensification treatment. A complete response was obtained in 26 of 41 (63%) patients. The median survival of the 25 evaluable patients in complete remission was 18 months. The median duration to neutropenia < 500/microliter was 20 days during induction, 15 days during consolidation, 21 days during first intensification and 25 days during second intensification. Mitoxantrone, cytarabine and etoposide given with GM-CSF gave a complete response rate and median survival similar to other combination treatments but there was no definite evidence that the duration of neutropenia was reduced by the addition of GM-CSF from the start of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Nel
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Falkson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D005047:Etoposide; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D008942:Mitoxantrone