title: The occurrence of multiple sclerosis in the Hutterites of North America.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the occurrence, clinical characteristics and genealogical analysis of multiple sclerosis in the Hutterites of North-Western United States and Western Canada.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The incidence of multiple sclerosis is reported to be lower or rare in certain ethnic groups and genetic isolates and was previously observed to be absent in the Hutterite population.
  
  
  METHODS
  After long-term surveillance, six patients were identified and clinical examinations and laboratory investigations including VER and MRI were completed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The six cases included two brothers, two first cousins, male and female, another male and female, all representing two of the three endogamous groups of Hutterites, are linked to two common ancestors through lines of descent dating to 1723. The individual pedigrees were analyzed from extensive genealogical records covering eight generations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of multiple sclerosis in Hutterites is low in a high risk area of North America. A specific mode of inheritance pattern has not been established and a common founder effect may play a role in the development of multiple sclerosis. The genetic contribution of the Hutterites seems greater than previously recognized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hader
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Seland
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hader
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Dietrich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009656:North America; D010375:Pedigree