title: Influence of partial nerve injury in the rat on efferent function of sympathetic and antidromically acting sensory nerve fibers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate how partial injury of a large peripheral nerve affects efferent (vasomotor) function of sympathetic and antidromically acting sensory nerve fibers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed, by laser Doppler flowmetry, skin blood flow (SBF) in the hindpaw of male Lewis rats before partial injury of the ipsilateral sciatic nerve (through loose ligation) as well as at an early stage (day 4) and at a later stage (day 21) after this procedure. This procedure has been reported to induce signs and symptoms like those observed in patients with causalgia. At the two time points after nerve injury, SBF was assessed before and after (chemical) blockade of sensory and nonsensory (sympathetic) sciatic nerve fibers. Furthermore, at day 21 we measured the density of sympathetic nerve fibers in footpad arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At day 4, compared with preligation values, we observed an increase in SBF that was reduced by blockade of sensory nerve fibers. Subsequent blockade of nonsensory nerve fibers further reduced SBF. At day 21, SBF was decreased compared with preligation values. Blockade of sensory nerve fibers further reduced SBF, and subsequent blockade of nonsensory nerve fibers did so as well. The density of sympathetic nerve fibers was lower on the ligated side than on the nonligated side.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Partial injury of the rat sciatic nerve causes an ipsilateral increase in SBF at an early stage, which is followed by a decrease at a later stage. At both stages, antidromically acting sensory and orthodromically acting nonsensory (sympathetic) nerve fibers are involved in the vasodilator response. At a later stage, however, neurogenic vasodilator mechanisms are overruled by a nonneurogenic vasoconstrictor mechanism. The latter may consist of supersensitivity of skin microvessels to catecholamines consequent to reduced neurogenic disposition of catecholamines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kurvers
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Tangelder
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: De Mey
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Reneman
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Slaaf
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Rouwet
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: van den Wildenberg
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kitslaar
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jacobs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002422:Causalgia / Q000209:etiology*; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000293:injuries*; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*