title: Experimental and clinical efficacy of 2', 2'-difluorodeoxycytidine (gemcitabine) against renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Preclinical and clinical studies have been performed to evaluate the efficacy of gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine; dFdC) in human renal cell carcinoma. Experimental data corroborated dFdC as an effective drug against cell lines from renal cell carcinomas (ACHN, A-498, SN12C) at concentrations much below clinically achievable doses. ACHN-bearing nude mice showed an overall response rate of 27% to dFdC (3 mice with complete response, 1 with partial response, 3 with stable and 8 with progressive disease). Objective response from 37 evaluable patients was 8.1% (1 patient with complete response and 2 patients with partial response). Gemcitabine was well tolerated thus, although gemcitabine at the dosage and schedule chosen had only small activity, the observed toxicity may permit further dose escalation or a more frequent administration of the drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Technical University of Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rohde
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: De Mulder
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weissbach
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Osieka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blatter
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jakse
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008875:Middle Aged; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000093542:Gemcitabine