title: Validation of a 10-minute dipstick test for serum prostate-specific antigen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the clinical usefulness of a recently developed one-step dipstick test for rapid (10 min) and semiquantitative analysis of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The cutoff value of this semiquantitative dipstick test is 4.0 ng/ml.
  
  
  METHODS
  PSA levels of 238 serum samples were simultaneously determined by this dipstick test and by a 'classic' monoclonal antibody based PSA enzyme immunoassay. Interassay variations of the dipstick test were determined by repetitive analyses (n = 10) of three serum pools containing 1, 6, and 15 ng PSA/ml. Recovery studies with graded amounts of PSA were performed in normal sera (n = 5) as well as in those with elevated creatinine (n = 5) and bilirubin (n = 5) levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 139 serum samples had PSA levels, determined by the enzyme immunoassay, < 4.0 ng/ml; 132 (94.9%) of which were negative with the dipstick test, and 7 (5.1%) were false-positive. Samples with a PSA value < 2.0 ng/ml (n = 102) were correctly recognized in 98.1% of the cases by the dipstick test. Serum samples with a PSA value of 4-10 ng/ml were false-negative in 10 of 41 cases (24.4%), the remaining (75.6%) were true positives. Samples containing PSA levels > or = 10 ng/ml (n = 58) were consistently positive. Hence, the overall concordance rate was 92.9%. Analyses of interassay variation of three pools of sera containing 1, 6, and 15 ng PSA/ml revealed a high reproducibility of this test. Elevated levels of bilirubin and creatinine did not interfere with the dipstick test result.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This semiquantitative one-step PSA test is capable of distinguishing serum PSA levels with a cutoff value of 4.0 ng/ml with an overall concordance rate of 92.9%. Advantages of this test are the cheap, simple, and fast test procedure, the avoidance of any instrumentation, and the fact that the results are available within 10 min.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madersbacher
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mian
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Simak
mesh_terms: D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D003404:Creatinine; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D001663:Bilirubin