title: Extended indications for lung volume reduction surgery in advanced emphysema.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lung volume reduction surgery has shown early promise as a palliative therapy in severe emphysema. Selection of potential candidates has been based on certain functional and anatomic criteria, and a variety of operative contraindications have been proposed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over 15 months, we performed lung volume reduction surgery in 85 patients selected on the basis of severe hyperinflation with air trapping, diaphragmatic dysfunction, and disease heterogeneity. Patients were not excluded on the basis of severe hypercapnia, steroid dependence, profound pulmonary dysfunction, or inability to complete preoperative rehabilitation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed significant improvements in pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and dyspnea, with an acceptable 30-day perioperative mortality of 7% and actuarial survival of 90% and 83% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. In each "high-risk" group, perioperative mortality, actuarial survival to 1 year, and functional results were equivalent, and in some cases superior, to those in the corresponding "low-risk" patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe hypercapnia, steroid dependence, profound pulmonary dysfunction, and inability to complete preoperative rehabilitation do not preclude successful lung volume reduction surgery and should not be regarded as absolute exclusionary criteria.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Argenziano
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moazami
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thomashow
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Jellen
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gorenstein
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Steinglass
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000601:surgery*; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D014797:Vital Capacity