title: Simulation of diabetic eye disease to compare screening policies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the project was to develop a technique for evaluating screening policies in the treatment of insulin dependent diabetic retinopathy. The study was concerned with patients who contracted the disease, aged under 35 years. Simulation was used to describe the progress of a cohort of patients through disease and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data, derived from a literature survey of European and American population and clinic studies, were used to model as closely as possible the development of retinopathy in all its stages, together with the effects of screening and treatment. The model output was validated against published data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that where screening sensitivities are high, the frequency of screening makes little difference to the years of sight saved, but it does make a difference if screening sensitivities are close to 50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although annual screening is normally desirable, biannual screening could be considered where patient compliance and screening sensitivities are both high.
authors.affiliation: School of Management, University of Southampton.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Canning
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D001766:Blindness / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000458:organization & administration*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015995:Prevalence; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control