title: Human endometrial expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and its receptor, stimulation of endometrial G-CSF production by interleukin-1 beta, and G-CSF inhibition of choriocarcinoma cell proliferation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression, regulation thereof, and actions of human endometrial granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Endometrial expression of messenger ribonucleic acids for G-CSF and its receptor were studied using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. In tissue culture, endometrial G-CSF protein production, baseline and in response to interleukin-1 beta, was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay of the conditioned media. G-CSF effects on proliferation of three choriocarcinoma cell lines were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vivo, human endometrium expressed messenger ribonucleic acids for G-CSF and its receptor throughout the menstrual cycle, and endometrium expressed G-CSF protein in vitro. Interleukin-1 beta stimulated endometrial G-CSF protein production in time and dose dependent manners. G-CSF inhibited proliferation of two choriocarcinoma cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that 1) G-CSF may have physiologic roles in the endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle; 2) endometrial G-CSF protein production is stimulated by interleukin-1 beta; and 3) that G-CSF may, in part, mediate local actions of interleukin-1 beta and modulate trophoblast proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298, USA.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Vandermolen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002822:Choriocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase