title: Differential responses in adrenal and renal nerves to CNS osmotic stimulation.
abstract: Hypertonic solutions act in the central nervous system (CNS) to increase mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) by activation of the sympathoadrenal axis. However, adrenal nerve activity (pre- and postganglionic nerve fibers) has not been determined during central osmotic stimulation. Therefore, these experiments evaluated adrenal (AdSNA) and renal (RSNA) sympathetic nerve activity, MAP, and heart rate (HR) following CNS administration of isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic sodium chloride solutions in chloralose-anesthetized rats. Injection of isotonic saline (5 microliters) did not alter MAP, HR, RSNA, or AdSNA. However, injection of hypertonic saline (5 microliters of 0.5 M) into the anteroventral portion of the third cerebral ventricle increased MAP (12 +/- 2 mmHg) and decreased HR (16 +/- 6 bpm). In addition, hypertonic saline significantly decreased RSNA (58 +/- 5% control), whereas AdSNA increased (158 +/- 10% control). Injection of hypotonic (5 microliters of 0.05 M) NaCl produced the opposite responses in RSNA (119 +/- 7% control) and AdSNA (86 +/- 5% control) and had no significant effect on MAP or HR. Furthermore, pre- and postganglionic adrenal nerve fibers responded similarly to changes in CNS osmolality. These results demonstrate that osmotic stimulation produces differential responses in RSNA and AdSNA, but not in pre- and postganglionic adrenal nerve fibers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bealer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delle
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Skarphedinsson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thoren
mesh_terms: D000313:Adrenal Medulla / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors