title: Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects of Lawsonia inermis L. (henna) in rats.
abstract: Crude ethanolic extract of Lawsonia inermis L. (0.25-2.0 g/kg) produced significant and dose-dependent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects in rats. The extract also produced significant increases in pentobarbitone-induced sleeping time. Using a liquid-liquid extraction procedure, the extract was fractionated into chloroform, butanol, and water fractions, and these were tested for the above activities. The butanol and chloroform fractions showed more potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects than the crude extracts, while the aqueous extract showed significantly less effect. As compared with the other extracts, the butanolic extract (500 mg/kg) was the most effective in the analgesic test. From the chloroform extract, a pure compound was isolated and identified, using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, as 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinone (lawsone). The isolated compound was found to possess significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activity. It potentiated significantly the pentobarbitone-induced sleeping time. The anti-inflammatory effect of lawsone (500 mg/kg) was not significantly different from that of the reference drug phenylbutazone (100 mg/kg).
authors.affiliation: Desert and Marine Environment Research Centre, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain.
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Tanira
mesh_terms: D020001:1-Butanol; D000284:Administration, Oral; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D000440:Butanols / Q000737:chemistry; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002725:Chloroform / Q000737:chemistry; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000440:Butanols; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D002725:Chloroform; D020001:1-Butanol; C005090:lawsone