[Ophthalmological exploration of children with Down's syndrome. Main results and comparison with a control group].
BACKGROUND
Down's Syndrome is the most frequent chromosomal aberration. There is a wide variety of symptoms. From an ophthalmological point of view, numerous alterations associated with Down's Syndrome have been described.


METHODS
We have carried out a complete ophthalmic exploration on 60 children with Down's Syndrome and 60 control children.


RESULTS
The first group showed a high percentage of refraction errors (90%), nystagmus (28%), strabismus (48%) and cataracts (13%). If we compare these results with those of the control group we find that the Down's group has a frequency significantly higher both in refraction errors as a whole (p < 0.001) and myopia (p < 0.01), hypermetropia (p < 0.02) and stigmatism (p < 0.001). They have also shown a frequency significantly higher of strabismus (p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
All of the observed alterations can have a negative influence on the appropriate educational development of these children. An early ophthalmological exploration would be advisable in children with Down's Syndrome.
González Viejo
I
I
Hospital Miguel Servet, Servicio de Oftalmología, Zaragoza.
Ferrer Novella
C
C
Ferrer Novella
E
E
Pueyo Subías
M
M
Bueno Lozano
J
J
Vicente Aznar
E
E
D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009759:Nystagmus, Pathologic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013285:Strabismus / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*
Exploración oftalmológica en niños con síndrome de Down: principales resultados y comparación con un grupo control.