title: In-vivo clearance study of vancomycin in rats.
abstract: The renal handling of vancomycin in rats and the effects of various drugs (probenecid, cimetidine and quinidine) on urinary excretion of the antibiotic were investigated by in-vivo clearance. The vancomycin-to-inulin excretion ratio (ER) was greater than unity at various infusion rates of vancomycin. Quinidine, co-administered with vancomycin, significantly decreased the total, renal and net secretory clearance of the antibiotic. Cimetidine also decreased, though not significantly, the secretory clearance of vancomycin by about 20%, but probenecid did not. These results suggested that vancomycin is secreted in renal tubules in rats, and that quinidine decreases the total clearance of vancomycin partly by inhibiting its tubular secretion in the kidney.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Kyoto University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasuhara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inui
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D002927:Cimetidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D011339:Probenecid / Q000494:pharmacology; D011802:Quinidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012076:Renal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012076:Renal Agents; D014640:Vancomycin; D002927:Cimetidine; D011802:Quinidine; D011339:Probenecid