title: Genotoxicity of selected pesticides in the mouse bone-marrow micronucleus test and in the sister-chromatid exchange test with human lymphocytes in vitro.
abstract: Selected pesticides (aldicarb, 1,3-dichloropropene, methidathion, parathion, triadimefon, vinclozolin) were tested for their clastogenic and aneugenic activities in the mouse bone-marrow micronucleus (MN) test in vivo and for their sister-chromatid exchange-inducing activities in human lymphocytes in vitro in the presence and absence of an exogenous metabolizing system from rat-liver S9. 1,3-Dichloropropene significantly increased the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) in bone-marrow cells of female mice from 3.3 MN/1000 PCE to 15.3 MN/1000 PCE (187 mg per kg body weight). 1,3-Dichloropropene (100 microM) induced 16.0 SCE/metaphase after 24 h of incubation as compared with the basal rate of 11.2 SCE/metaphase (-S9) and of 15.4 SCE/metaphase as compared with 10.5 SCE/metaphase of the control (+S9). These values were statistically significantly different from each other. The other pesticides tested did neither increase the rate of micronuclei significantly in polychromatic erythrocytes in male nor in female animals. Aldicarb and methidathion induced a significant increase in SCEs in human lymphocytes in vitro only without the metabolic activating system: aldicarb, 5 microM, 24 h incubation: 15.5 SCE/metaphase; control: 12.6 SCE/metaphase; methidathion, 100 microM, 24 h incubation: 15.8 SCE/metaphase, control: 11.1 SCE/metaphase. Parathion, triadimefon and vinclozolin did not have any SCE-inducing effects.
authors.affiliation: Medical Institute for General Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University of Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kevekordes
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gebel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pav
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Edenharder
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dunkelberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000448:Aldicarb / Q000633:toxicity; D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000187:drug effects*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000633:toxicity; D010278:Parathion / Q000633:toxicity; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000498:Allyl Compounds; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010080:Oxazoles; D010575:Pesticides; D014230:Triazoles; C032910:triadimefon; D010278:Parathion; D000448:Aldicarb; C023891:1,3-dichloro-1-propene; C025643:vinclozolin; C005828:methidathion