title: [Bilateral pneumothorax and hemorrhagic rectocolitis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Respiratory diseases associated with ulcerative colitis are rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 14-year-old girl with ulcerative colitis was admitted for a left pneumothorax. She was given corticoidsteroids and enemas of 5 aminosalicylic acid. The pneumothorax was not controlled by pleural drainage and a pleural irritation was performed under thoracoscopy. Recurrence of pneumothorax led to surgical pleurectomy. The following day, a right pneumothorax occurred, also requiring pleurectomy. The pulmonary biopsies showed constrictive bronchiolitis. A restrictive syndrome was confirmed by functional pulmonary examinations. Total colectomy was performed nine months later for the ulcerative colitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ulcerative colitis can be associated with bronchial pathology (bronchitis, bronchiectasis). Occurrence of pneumothorax has never been described; it can be a fortuitous association, but the histological features are not very different from those described in association with ulcerative colitis. The treatment of pneumothorax is difficult if the ulcerative colitis requires corticosteroids.
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, hôpital Mère-Enfant, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Heloury
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Plattner
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Nomballais
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000636:Aminosalicylic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019804:Mesalamine; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000150:complications*; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000636:Aminosalicylic Acids; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D019804:Mesalamine
vernacular_title: Pneumothorax bilatéral et rectocolite hémorragique.