title: Newcastle disease virus-induced functional impairments and biochemical changes in chicken heterophils.
abstract: The GB strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is used to infect chicken heterophils in vitro. Heterophils have a decreased ability to phagocytize bacteria 3 h after infection, and those that did engulfed fewer bacteria relative to non-infected heterophils. Infected heterophils have a decreased H2O2 production as shown by flow cytometry, but an increased nitric oxide production, suggesting that NDV can stimulate heterophils to produce and/or utilize nitrogen intermediates but not oxygen intermediates. DNA extracted from the infected heterophils shows a marked fragmentation, suggesting that NDV infection may cause heterophils to undergo apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis 95616, USA. klam@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Kabbur
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Eiserich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002470:Cell Survival; D002645:Chickens; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D009584:Nitrogen