title: Lymphatic flow and neural plexus invasion associated with carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lymph node status and neural plexus invasion are the most important prognostic factors that may be amenable to surgery for carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. The pattern of lymphatic spread and neural plexus invasion were evaluated by analysis of various clinicopathologic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas underwent pancreatectomy with systemic regional lymph node dissection at Kanazawa University Hospital. A precise evaluation of their lymph node involvement and neural plexus invasion was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen of 20 patients (80%) had lymph node involvement. The lymph nodes with a high metastatic rate were those along the splenic artery (50%), the inferior body lymph nodes (35%), the lymph nodes around the common hepatic artery (25%), and the paraaortic lymph nodes (20%). There was no relationship between tumor size, histologic type, and lymph node involvement. Plexus invasion was observed in 14 patients (70%). The most frequent site was the splenic plexus, but between 15% and 20% of the patients had celiac or superior mesenteric plexus invasion. There was no relationship between tumor size, histologic type, and neural plexus invasion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these results, extended lymphadenectomy including the paraaortic lymph nodes, celiac lymph nodes, and superior mesenteric lymph nodes may improve the prognosis for patients with carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. Extrapancreatic neural plexus dissection, especially of the celiac plexus and superior mesenteric plexus, also is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kayahara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagakawa
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Futagami
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D002293:Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009423:Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate