title: Neuroleptics in acute mania: a pharmacoepidemiologic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide an epidemiologic descriptive analysis of the acute drug treatment of inpatients with bipolar mania in state psychiatric facilities in 1990.
  
  
  METHODS
  We surveyed the first 3 weeks of drug treatment of all inpatients with bipolar mania who were admitted to 22 New York State adult psychiatric facilities during a 6-month period (n = 528).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost all patients with mania were treated with neuroleptics. The mean +/- SD neuroleptic dosage was 684 +/- 543 mg/d chlorpromazine equivalents. Sixty-one percent of the patients received lithium and 12% received carbamazepine or valproate. Neuroleptic dosage was related to age, with older patients receiving lower dosages. Patients receiving combination treatment of a neuroleptic with either lithium, an anticonvulsant, or a benzodiazepine received a mean neuroleptic dosage similar to that of patients treated with a neuroleptic alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although their use has been widely discouraged for mood disorders, neuroleptics have been the standard treatment for acute mania.
authors.affiliation: Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zito
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vitrai
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Allingham
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Czobor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D017891:Pharmacoepidemiology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents