title: Differential effects of retinoic acid and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells.
abstract: Both retinoic acid (RA) and the synthetic retinoid N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4HPR) have shown efficacy in head and neck cancer chemoprevention trials. To compare their activity and mechanism of action, the 1483 oral head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line was grown in organotypic culture, an in vitro system that allows cellular stratification and simulates carcinoma in situ, and was exposed to 10 micromol/L of either RA or 4HPR. Extensive apoptosis, as evidenced by in situ deoxyribonucleic acid end-labeling, occurred in 4HPR-treated cultures after 9 days, with >80% cell loss (P< .001). In contrast, the growth of cultures treated with RA was inhibited by only 32%, with no evidence of apoptosis. Because 4HPR has low systemic toxicity and is a potent inducer of apoptosis in HNSCC cells, its role in chemoprevention of head and neck cancers, including cancers that are resistant to RA-induction therapy, warrants further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Eicher
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lotan
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D017313:Fenretinide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D017313:Fenretinide; D014212:Tretinoin