title: Differentially regulated expression of the G-protein-coupled receptor kinases, betaARK and GRK6, during myelomonocytic cell development in vitro.
abstract: G-protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) mediate agonist-specific phosphorylation and desensitization of G-protein-coupled receptors. Previous studies have shown that several of these kinases are expressed in hematopoietic cells and that GRK expression is modulated during T-lymphocyte activation. Here, we analyzed the regulation of beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (betaARK) and GRK6 expression and activity in myelomonocytic and lymphoid cells. In the promyelocytic cell line HL-60, GRK6 protein levels and activity rose twofold to fourfold over the course of treatment with agents that induce differentiation toward either the myeloid (dimethyl sulfoxide and retinoic acid) or monocytic [1alpha,25(OH)2-vitamin D3] lineage, whereas betaARK protein levels and activity were only slightly altered. In contrast, treatment with phorbol 12,13-myristic acetate (PMA) led to a reduction in steady-state levels and activity of both betaARK and GRK6. Treatment of human lymphocytes with several polyclonal activators (phytohemagglutinin, anti-CD3 antibody and interleukin-2) resulted in enhanced betaARK and GRK6 mRNA and protein levels and increased activity of both kinases. In contrast, PMA and calcium ionophore treatment significantly elevated GRK6 protein levels, while decreasing betaARK expression. These data demonstrate that betaARK and GRK6 expression are differentially regulated during myelomonocytic cell development and lymphocyte activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Kimmel Cancer Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Loudon
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Perussia
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Benovic
mesh_terms: D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D054768:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000502:physiology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051552:beta-Adrenergic Receptor Kinases
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D051552:beta-Adrenergic Receptor Kinases; D054768:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases; C089176:G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 6