title: Efficient parathyroidectomy guided by SPECT-MIBI and hormonal measurements.
abstract: Parathyroidectomy is a difficult and lengthy operation which is noncurative in 6% to 10% of cases. To improve the efficiency of this operation, a new dual diagnostic approach was prospectively applied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative tomographic 99mTc-sestamibi (MIBI) scintography and intraoperative measurements of circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels by a quick assay (QPTH) were used. Scintigraphy comprised immediate and delayed planar and SPECT of the neck and chest, following 20 mCi MIBI. The presence and location of persistent foci of abnormal activity found within the neck mediastinum on volume-rendered reprojection (RPJ) of the SPECT data were reported. The surgion, guided by the three-dimensional MIBI-SPECT/RPJ images, identified and excised the single or most prominent scintigraphic focus and applied the QPTH. If PTH levels fell from baseline by at least 50%, the operation was concluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operative time of primary parathyroidectomy was reduced from an average of 90 min (before the introduction of scintigraphy and intraoperative PTH measurements) to 57 min. All but two patients became normocalcemic. In 58 consecutive patients with hyperparathyroidism, MIBI-SPECT/RPJ correctly and precisely identified 51 of 53 (96%) primary parathyroid adenomas, 14 to 15 secondary hyperplasias and 2 of 3 hyperplastic glands in MEN (sensitivity 94%, specificity 92%). QPTH verified the excision of the primary parathyroid adenomas and predicted normocalcemia in 50 of 52 patients. In 6 patients with misleading scintigraphy, QPTH was especially useful and guided the surgeon to continue the operation until the abnormal parathyroid tissue was found and excised.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MIBI-SPEC/RPJ and QPTH sequentially applied improved the efficiency of parathyroidectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Florida 33101, USA.
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Sfakianakis
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Irvin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Foss
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mallin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Georgiou
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Deriso
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Molinari
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ezuddin
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ganz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serafini
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jabir
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chandarlapaty
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D016105:Parathyroidectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D013997:Time Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi