title: Pain control after dental surgery: a double-blind, randomised trial of lornoxicam versus morphine.
abstract: Lornoxicam is a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the oxicam class. This randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial compared the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of intramuscular (IM) injections of lornoxicam (4, 8, 16 and 20 mg) with morphine (10 and 20 mg) and placebo in 252 patients with mainly moderate to severe pain following surgical removal of an impacted mandibular third molar. Patients treated with lornoxicam or morphine experienced a significantly greater cumulative pain relief over the 4-h post-injection period (TOTPAR0-4) than placebo recipients. This effect appeared to be dose-dependent, with patients in the lornoxicam 4 mg or morphine 10 mg groups recording significantly lower TOTPAR0-4 scores than patients in the higher dosage groups of these drugs. No significant difference was detected between the morphine 20 mg group and the lornoxicam 8, 16 and 20 mg groups. Lornoxicam was well tolerated at all doses and was associated with a significantly lower incidence of adverse events than morphine 10 or 20 mg. Thus, the analgesic efficacy of IM lornoxicam at doses > or = 4 mg is superior to placebo, and doses > or = 8 mg are at least as effective as IM morphine 20 mg. Furthermore, lornoxicam possesses a more favourable tolerability profile than morphine and thus represents an attractive alternative for the treatment of moderate to severe acute pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Aarhus University, Denmark.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Nørholt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sindet-Pedersen
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ingerslev
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ersbøll
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010166:Palliative Care; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011182:Postoperative Care; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010894:Piroxicam; D009020:Morphine; C059451:lornoxicam