title: Lactose handling by women with lactose malabsorption is improved during pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate lactose handling among women in late pregnancy and post partum to determine whether lactose handling is altered in pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of lactose intolerance among pregnant women with and without lactose malabsorption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gastroenterology service of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three pregnant women, of whom 18 had lactose malabsorption, 12 did not and 3 were excluded.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lactose breath hydrogen (BH2) concentration after ingestion of lactose or lactulose; comparison before and after delivery of area under the curve (AUC) for lactose, oral-cecal transit time (OCTT) for lactulose, lactose-BH2-derived transit time and estimated dietary lactose consumption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After weaning (at a median time of 9 months after delivery), 28 of the women returned for follow-up. Of the 12 who could absorb lactose before delivery, 4 could no longer absorb lactose. Of the other 16 women, lactose intolerance worsened in 12, remained the same in 2 and improved in 2. The AUC was greater (p < 0.005), the maximal BH2 concentration was higher (p = 0.004) and the number of women whose BH2 concentration peaked was fewer (p < 0.025) post partum than before delivery. The women's symptoms during and after lactose BH2 tests were also greater post partum. The OCTT (based on the lactulose BH2 test) was shorter post partum (p = 0.001). Transit time derived from lactose BH2 tests was also shorter, but not significantly so. The OCTT was not inversely correlated with the change in AUC before and after delivery, but the lactose-BH2-derived transit time was inversely correlated. Pregnant women consumed more lactose before delivery than afterward (p < 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with lactose malabsorption handle lactose better than usual in late pregnancy. Slow intestinal transit and bacterial adaptation to increased lactose intake may be primarily responsible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Que.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szilagyi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salomon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fokeeff
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Seidman
mesh_terms: D001944:Breath Tests; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000032:analysis; D007785:Lactose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D007787:Lactose Intolerance / Q000378:metabolism*; D007792:Lactulose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007792:Lactulose; D006859:Hydrogen; D007785:Lactose