title: Nitric oxide synthase inhibition does not impair visual or spatial discrimination learning.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a candidate retrograde messenger involved in synaptic plasticity, and is linked to the cholinergic system in the brain. We examined the role of NO in the acquisition of visual and spatial discriminations by daily administration of either saline or 1-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an NO synthase inhibitor. Brains were assayed for NO synthase activity and two presynaptic cholinergic markers: hemicholinium-3 (HC-3) binding, which determines the number of sodium-dependent high-affinity choline uptake sites, and activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), which is the synthetic enzyme for acetylcholine. In both behavioral tasks, the acquisition rate was not different between groups. L-NAME reduced NO synthase activity by 85% in all brain areas assayed and HC-3 binding by 38% in hippocampus and 48% in posterior cortex. ChAT activity was not different between groups in any region assayed. These data suggest that NO does not play a role in visual or spatial discrimination learning. However, NO synthase inhibition may play a role in the regulation of cholinergic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Tobin
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Gorman
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Baxter
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Traystman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D006426:Hemicholinium 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D014179:Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D014179:Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; D006426:Hemicholinium 3; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester