title: Severe bronchospasm during cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the rare problem of severe bronchospasm occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass in a six-year-old-child.
  
  
  METHODS
  Severe bronchospasm became apparent on attempting to resume controlled ventilation prior to weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. The patient had a previous history of asthma but was asymptomatic preoperatively. Aggressive therapy with multiple bronchodilating agents was necessary before cardiopulmonary bypass could be discontinued. The bronchospasm resolved over the first 24 hr after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe bronchospasm during cardiopulmonary bypass is rare. It should only be diagnosed after ruling out other reasons for failure to ventilate. Treatment with intravenous bronchodilators is required. The cause is unknown.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California School of Medicine 90027, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ecoff
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miyahara
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Steward
mesh_terms: D001986:Bronchial Spasm / Q000209:etiology*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male