Fluconazole and amphotericin B for cryptococcal meningitis.
OBJECTIVE
To describe a patient with cryptococcal meningitis treated with the combination of amphotericin B and fluconazole.


METHODS
A 41-year-old woman with cryptococcal meningitis who was not infected with HIV was treated with a combination of amphotericin B and fluconazole because she did not respond to amphotericin B alone and could not tolerate amphotericin B with flucytosine. She improved clinically, but it is unclear whether the combination was beneficial.


CONCLUSIONS
Standard therapy for cryptococcal meningitis is amphotericin B with or without flucytosine. Fluconazole is an alternative therapy, but its efficacy has not been documented in the patient population not infected with HIV. Theoretically, the combination of amphotericin B and fluconazole is antagonistic, but in vitro and in vivo data suggest that antagonism may not occur. The combination of amphotericin B and fluconazole in cryptococcal meningitis has not been evaluated in clinical trials, and its use is not recommended.


CONCLUSIONS
A patient with cryptococcal meningitis was treated with the combination of amphotericin B and fluconazole because of a poor response to amphotericin B monotherapy and intolerance to flucytosine. It is unclear whether her clinical response was a result of the combination.
Clark
A B
AB
Department of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee, USA.
Lobo
B L
BL
Gelfand
M S
MS
D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D016919:Meningitis, Cryptococcal / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole