title: Rescue of testicular function after acute experimental torsion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Spermatic cord torsion results in impairment of testicular function. The mechanism of this injury is unclear; however, intracellular Ca++ influx and reactive oxygen species have been implicated in the testicular damage following torsion and reperfusion. In the present study a model of testicular torsion in the rat was used to determine whether testicular function following torsion can be rescued by the administration of antioxidants and Ca++ channel blockers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two animals were divided into 9 groups. Animals underwent 1 hr. or 2 hrs., 720 degrees experimental torsion. Animals received combinations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, allopurinol, and verapamil. Drugs were administered intravenously during the last 15 minutes of experimental torsion and the first hour of reperfusion. Bilateral testicular function was determined 60 days after experimental torsion by measuring testis weights, daily sperm production (DSP), and testicular venous testosterone concentrations. Ipsilateral values were compared to both control and contralateral values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SOD + catalase and SOD + catalase+verapamil treatments caused significant rescue of tests function following 1 hr. experimental torsion. Mean +/- s.e. testis weights and DSP in control animals were 1.75 +/- 0.6 g. and 18.4 +/- 0.3 x 10(6) sperm/g./d. The same value for testes experiencing 1 hr. experimental torsion were 0.72 +/- 0.6 g. and 2.3 +/- 0.5 x 10(6) sperm/g./d. The values from testes receiving 1 hr. experimental torsion followed by SOD + catalase were 1.45 +/- 0.17 g. and 9.9 +/- 1.8 x 10(6) sperm/g./d. Neither allopurinol nor verapamil added benefit. No significant rescue was seen in testes undergoing 2 hrs. experimental torsion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with oxygen radical scavengers provides significant rescue of testicular function after acute experimental torsion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville 22908, USA.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Prillaman
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000493:Allopurinol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013076:Sperm Count; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; D000493:Allopurinol; D014700:Verapamil; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase