Acquisition of host cell-surface-derived molecules by HIV-1.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the acquisition of host cell-membrane-derived molecules by HIV-1 during the budding process, and to investigate whether the uptake of these molecules is cell-type-specific and selective.


METHODS
Virions, propagated by four different cell types were analysed for the presence of adhesion molecules, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins and various cell-surface markers. The pattern was compared with the phenotype of the HIV-1-infected cell.


METHODS
For phenotypic analysis of virions a two-step assay was used. In the first step, virus was captured with monoclonal antibodies (in some cases polyclonal sera) against different cell-membrane proteins. In a second step, the presence of virus was measured by determining the concentration of the virus-specific p24 core antigen. The expression of surface molecules on uninfected and HIV-1IIIB-infected cells was analysed by FACS.


RESULTS
Depending on the cell type used for virus propagation, different cell-membrane molecules were found on the virus surface reflecting the corresponding cell type. The uptake of these molecules was selective to a certain degree. No CD4 and CD87 molecules were detectable on HIV-1, although both molecules were present on uninfected and HIV-1-infected cells. CR3 and CDw108 could not be seen on uninfected cells, but wre detectable on infected cells and virions.


CONCLUSIONS
During the budding process HIV-1 acquires a variety of cell-type-specific cell-surface molecules. Certain cell-membrane molecules become upregulated during HIV-1-infection and are then found on virions, whereas other molecules remain on the cell surface and do not become incorporated.
Frank
I
I
Institute for Hygiene and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for AIDS Research, Innsbruck, Austria.
Stoiber
H
H
Godar
S
S
Stockinger
H
H
Steindl
F
F
Katinger
H W
HW
Dierich
M P
MP
D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis
D008565:Membrane Proteins