title: Patterns of dissociation in clinical and nonclinical samples.
abstract: Research has consistently found elevated mean dissociation scores in particular diagnostic groups. In this study, we explored whether mean dissociation scores for different diagnostic groups resulted from uniform distributions of scores within the group or were a function of the proportion of highly dissociative patients that the diagnostic group contained. A total of 1566 subjects who were psychiatric patients, neurological patients, normal adolescents, or normal adult subjects completed the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES). An analysis of the percentage of subjects with high DES scores in each diagnostic group indicated that the diagnostic group's mean DES scores were a function of the proportion of subjects within the group who were high dissociators. The results contradict a continuum model of dissociation but are consistent with the existence of distinct dissociative types.
authors.affiliation: Unit on Developmental Traumatology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Putnam
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torem
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coons
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Dill
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Loewenstein
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Braun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004213:Dissociative Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D011594:Psychometrics; D012737:Sex Factors