title: Varicocele scintigraphy: a simplified screening method for the detection of spermatic vein reflux.
abstract: Forty-three men underwent varicocele scintigraphy to exclude underlying varicocele as a possible cause of decreased semen quality. The total acquisition time for each study amounted to as little as 200 seconds. In four cases retrograde blood flow was seen in the left internal spermatic vein, with subsequent clear visualization of the pampiniform plexus. In three of four of these patients, pregnancy ensued after therapeutic intervention. Seven patients showed only increased scrotal activity locally, in the absence of retrograde blood flow. The remaining 32 patients showed a normal blood flow pattern. The existence of spermatic vein reflux in varicocele-related infertility is thought to be a major factor in proper patient selection for therapeutic ligation or embolization of the internal spermatic vein. It is suggested that this simplified scintigraphic method may be useful in the detection of retrograde blood flow in patients with varicocele, especially in small or subclinical varicocele.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Franciscus Hospital, Roosendaal, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Prenen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Dis
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Feijen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D018579:Patient Selection; D011247:Pregnancy; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012611:Scrotum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012661:Semen / Q000502:physiology; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; D013085:Spermatic Cord / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013997:Time Factors; D014646:Varicocele / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D014680:Veins
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m