title: Five-year survival after intensive care--comparison of 12,180 patients with the general population. Finnish ICU Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A) To examine the long-term survival of critically ill patients compared with the general population in a nationwide sample of patients requiring intensive care; and b) to analyze long-term survival stratified by specific diagnostic subgroups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, inception cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five Finnish Intensive care units (ICUs) at 17 hospitals, including 13 ICUs in five tertiary care centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive sample of 12,180 adult patients who were admitted to ICUs in 1987. The sample was further divided into seven diagnostic subgroups.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vital status at 5 yrs after admission to an ICU was examined and compared to the age- and gender-adjusted survival of Finland's general population. Among ICU patients, the 5-yr mortality rate was 3.3 times that of Finland's general population (95% confidence interval 3.0 to 3.4). At 2 yrs, the survival rate paralleled that of the general population. At 5 yrs, the relative survival rate of the ICU patients was 66.7%. Cancer was a strong determinant of a poor outcome in multivariate analysis (relative risk 3.17; 95% confidence interval 2.86 to 3.51). The 5-yr mortality rate of the ICU patients compared with the general population was highest among patients admitted to the ICU after intoxication. Trauma victims and patients admitted to the ICU with a cardiovascular diagnosis reached the risk of death of the general population in the shortest time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICU patients reached a life expectancy similar to the general population, on average, 2 yrs after admission. The time after which the survival parallels that of the general population depends, however, on the diagnostic category.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niskanen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kari
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Halonen
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003422:Critical Care; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome