title: Some pharmacokinetic parameters of ampicillin/sulbactam combination after intravenous and intramuscular administration to goats.
abstract: Some pharmacokinetic parameters of an ampicillin/sulbactam (2:1) combination were studied in six goats, after intravenous and intramuscular injection at a single dosage of 20 mg/kg bodyweight (13.33 mg/kg of sodium ampicillin and 6.67 mg/kg of sodium sulbactam). The drugs were distributed according to an open two-compartment model. The apparent volumes of distribution calculated by the area method of ampicillin and sulbactam were 0.34 +/- 0.04 l/kg and 0.45 +/- 0.15 l/kg, respectively, and the total body clearances were 0.72 +/- 0.11 and 0.38 +/- 0.07 l/kg.h. The half-lives of ampicillin after intravenous and intramuscular administration were 0.32 +/- 0.04 h and 0.71 +/- 0.14 h, respectively. For sulbactam the half-lives were 0.79 +/- 0.18 h and 1.13 +/- 0.21 h after administration by the same routes. The bioavailability after intramuscular injection was high and similar for both drugs (98.29% for ampicillin and 101.84% for sulbactam). The mean peak plasma levels of ampicillin (0.43 +/- 0.27 h) and sulbactam (0.34 +/- 0.14 h) were reached at a similar time, and peak concentrations were also similar and non-proportional to the dose of the products administered (11.02 +/- 3.11 mg/l of ampicillin and 9.5 +/- 0.98 mg/l of sulbactam).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espuny
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Carceles
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Escudero
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D013407:Sulbactam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000667:Ampicillin; D013407:Sulbactam