title: Low risk of perioperative infection without prophylactic antibiotics for transperineal prostate brachytherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence of postimplant infection in patients who are not given prophylactic antibiotics (ATBs).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-one patients had computerized tomography (CT)-planned transperineal 125I implantation of the prostate from 1988 through 1995. One hundred fourteen of the patients did not receive prophylactic ATBs, 19 of whom required postimplant Foley catheter drainage for 1 day or more for acute urinary retention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of postimplant febrile episodes within 2 weeks of surgery among the patients who had not received prophylactic ATBs was 2 of 114 (2%). One of the two patients who developed postimplantation febrile episodes was treated successfully with ATBs as an outpatient. The second patient, who had a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and immune suppression, developed E. coli sepsis and required intravenous antibiotics. Of 17 patients who received prophylactic ATBs, none had a postoperative febrile episode.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We continue to refrain from routinely prescribing prophylactic ATBs unless there is some compelling circumstance including rheumatic heart disease, prosthetic devices, immune compromise, or a previous history of prostatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wallner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harrison
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005334:Fever / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes