title: [Cold agglutinins and cryoglobulinemia in a patient with hepatitis C].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cold agglutinins and cryoglobulins are uncommon in the same patient as observed in our case.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 74-year-old patient suffered repeated episodes of hemolytic anemia for one year and had hepatitis C anti-virus antibodies. Mixed cryoglobulinemia was found at levels which increased during episodes of acute hemolysis in addition to anti-I cold agglutinins. Two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed identical oligoclonal cold agglutinins and cryoglobulins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unlike mixed cryoglobulinemia, cold agglutinins are not known to occur subsequent to hepatitis C infection. The identical immunoglobulins observed in our patient suggest a common origin. Chronic anti-I cold oligoclonal agglutinins are rarely observed and could be an intermediary step towards monoclonal lymphopathy as has been described in prolonged hepatitis C infection.
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine interne, Hôtel-Dieu, Clermont-Ferrand.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruivard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tridon
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Quainon
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rieu
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fouilhoux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dibet
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Henquell
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bétail
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Philippe
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Tissot
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000373:Agglutinins / Q000032:analysis*; D000743:Anemia, Hemolytic / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003449:Cryoglobulinemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D003450:Cryoglobulins / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000373:Agglutinins; D003450:Cryoglobulins
vernacular_title: Agglutinines froides et cryoglobulinémie chez un patient avec une hépatite C.