title: Stimulus artifact reduction in evoked potential measurements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the main coupling mechanisms involved in stimulus artifact contamination of evoked potential recordings and to suggest techniques that minimize this interference.
  
  
  METHODS
  A before-after trial of a single subject.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurements were obtained at a university biomedical engineering laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from one volunteer subject.
  
  
  METHODS
  An electrical stimulus was used to depolarize the posterior tibial nerve at the ankle. Various recording electrode configurations were used to demonstrate stimulus artifact recordings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three mechanisms are defined as contributing significantly to stimulus artifact contamination of evoked potential data. These are: the volume conducted component, the displacement current component, and the electromagnetic coupling component. When each component is maximally controlled, the problem of stimulus artifact is greatly reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three major factors that contribute to stimulus artifact contamination of the evoked potential waveform can be identified and minimized by relatively simple clinical techniques.
authors.affiliation: University of New Brunswick, Department of Electrical Engineering, Fredericton, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000295:instrumentation; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; D006801:Humans; D013979:Tibial Nerve / Q000502:physiology*