title: A 3 milliTesla 60 Hz magnetic field is neither mutagenic nor co-mutagenic in the presence of menadione and MNU in a transgenic rat cell line.
abstract: The mechanisms by which an electromagnetic field (EMF) influences biological material are poorly understood. One potentially important model suggests that a magnetic field can stabilize free radicals in such a way as to permit their dispersement rather than their return to the ground state (Okazaki et al., 1988; Scaiano, 1995). We have tested this hypothesis by examining mutagenesis in the E. coli lacI gene target carried in the Big Blue rat embryo fibroblast cell line, R2 lambda LIZ. Mutant frequencies were determined in cells exposed to a magnetic field, cells pretreated with the mutagens N-methylnitrosourea (MNU) or 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (menadione), prior to being held in a 60 Hz 3 milliTesla (mT) magnetic field and cells concurrently exposed to the mutagens and the magnetic field. Menadione was selected because its mutagenic mechanism involves the formation of free radicals, while MNU is an alkylating agent not thought to act through radical formation. According to the radical stabilization hypothesis the application of a magnetic field to menadione treated cells would accentuate the mutagenic effects. Our results failed to indicate that the magnetic field affects mutagenesis by the oxygen-radical mediated mutagen, menadione.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environmental Health, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, B.C., Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suri
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: deBoer
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kusser
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Glickman
mesh_terms: D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D010582:Bacteriophage lambda / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005347:Fibroblasts; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000494:pharmacology; D056968:Lac Repressors; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000633:toxicity*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D009154:Mutation; D051381:Rats; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D019076:Transgenes; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006490:Hemostatics; D056968:Lac Repressors; D009153:Mutagens; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014812:Vitamin K; D008770:Methylnitrosourea