title: Alterations in skeletal muscle microcirculation of head-down tilted rats.
abstract: The head-down tilted whole body suspended (HDT/WBS) rat is recognized as a model that reproduces many of the responses seen during exposure to microgravity including an increase in systemic blood pressure. Functional alterations of microscopic blood vessels (arterioles) in skeletal muscle (cremaster muscle) were assessed for their role in the observed elevations of blood pressure associated with HDT/WBS. Arteriolar baseline diameters, vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine and vasodilation to nitroprusside were assessed in control rats, rats suspended for 7 or 14 days, and rats allowed to recover for 1 day after 7 days of HDT/WBS. Using in vivo videomicroscopy, neither baseline diameters nor ability to dilate were altered by HDT/WBS. Maximum vasoconstriction to norepinephrine was significantly greater in arterioles of hypertensive 14 day HDT/WBS rats. This study of the intact microvasculature of skeletal muscle reveals an elevated contractility of arterioles to norepinephrine in suspended rats, and suggests that an elevated peripheral resistance in skeletal muscle may contribute to the increase in blood pressures among animals subjected to HDT/WBS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Missouri, Columbia 65202, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stepke
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Joshua
authors.forename: X J
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Musacchia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D018475:Head-Down Tilt; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018474:Weightlessness Simulation
chemical_list: D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009638:Norepinephrine