title: Determination of the learning curve of the AESOP robot.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As the variety of procedures performed with laparoscopic technology increases, the skill levels and equipment demands also increase. Laparoscopic appendectomy, hernia repair, colon resection, and Nissen fundoplication all require someone whose only responsibility is to control the laparoscope and therefore the operative field. This is usually the most inexperienced person on the operating team. The Automated Endoscope System for Optimal Positioning (AESOP) robot provides a means to eliminate the need for the camera person, returns control of the camera and operative field to the operating surgeon, and enhances human performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acquisition of skills to control the laparoscope in a satisfactory fashion.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected medical students as our study group because they have no prior experience in laparoscopic procedures. They performed a readily reproducible task in a pelvic trainer with hand control and with the AESOP robot. Their initial times are compared, as is the improvement in their times after 10 min of practice with the AESOP robot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These data show that in this study group use of the AESOP robot was not as fast as hand control but the skill to use it was learned as quickly. Additional features of the robut such as a steady view and the ability to acquire images and return to them reliably are other advantages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The AESOP robotic arm provides a stable support for the laparoscope during laparoscopic procedures which can be manipulated by the surgeon. We found that the time required to learn control of the laparoscope manually and with the AESOP robot is equal.
authors.affiliation: George Washington University, Washington D.C. 20037, USA.
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shayani
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sackier
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D006801:Humans; D020706:Laparoscopes; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D012371:Robotics / Q000193:education; D013337:Students, Medical