title: In vitro measurement of enamel demineralization in the assessment of fluoride-leaching orthodontic bonding agents.
abstract: The aim of this study was to measure in vitro demineralization around orthodontic brackets, bonded with five different bonding agents. Two conventional bonding agents, two fluoride-leaching agents, and a glass ionomer were tested. A sixth group utilized a fluoride varnish after bonding. The amount of dissolved enamel mineral was determined from increases in the phosphorus concentration in the demineralizing solution and measurements were made over a 4 week period. The results confirmed that when fluoride is present in the form of a fluoride-leaching bonding agent or a fluoride varnish, resistance to demineralization is enhanced. Analysis of variance showed that Ketac-cem, Concise with Duraphat, and Pulpdent O.B.A. performed statistically significantly better than Concise, Bond-fast, and Rely-a-bond, in resisting enamel demineralization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Dental Health, Leeds Dental Institute, U.K.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kindelan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D003747:Dental Enamel Solubility / Q000187:drug effects; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D008903:Minerals; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; C097531:Rely a Bond system; D019279:Resin Cements; C087212:bond fast; C023807:sodium fluoride topical preparation; D010758:Phosphorus; C029777:Pulpdent; D008277:Magnesium Oxide; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C040235:Ketac-cem; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D005459:Fluorides; D015034:Zinc Oxide