title: Spinal somatosensory evoked potentials after epidural isoproterenol in awake sheep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of 10-15 micrograms epinephrine as an epidural test-dose is controversial. Isoproterenol would be a better alternative. However, before 5 micrograms isoproterenol can be incorporated in an epidural test-dose, neurotoxicological studies have to be performed. The present study was designed to assess spinal somatosensory evoked potentials (spinal SSEP) before and after epidural isoproteronol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spinal SSEPs were recorded before, 30 min after, and 72 hr after 50 micrograms isoproterenol were given epidurally (L3-4) to six chronically instrumented awake sheep. The spinal SSEPs after epidural (L3-4) administration of 15 ml lidocaine 2% were used to evaluate the model. The SSEPs were generated by transcutaneous stimulation of the sciatic nerve in the thigh. Spinal SSEPs were recorded directly from the spinal cord at vertebra T12 using a monopolar epidural electrode referenced to a subcutaneous needle electrode in the adjacent paraspinal area.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty minutes and 72 hr after epidural injection of 50 micrograms isoproterenol the latency and the amplitude of the SSEP waves were similar to baseline values. After lidocaine, no SSEPs could be generated in three sheep while in three sheep the latency of wave 2 (W2) was prolonged and the amplitude diminished.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of epidural isoproterenol did not affect spinal SSEPs in this study indicating an absence of neurotoxic side effects.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und operative intensivmedizin, Westfâlischen-Wilhelms Universität, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Bruyninckx
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Vertommen
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Wouters
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Aken
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D012756:Sheep; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects*; D014851:Wakefulness
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D007545:Isoproterenol