title: Local delivery of antithrombotic drug prevents restenosis after balloon angioplasty in atherosclerotic rabbit artery.
abstract: We investigated the ability of various antithrombotic drugs, delivered locally, to prevent restenosis after angioplasty in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. After dilating atherosclerotic iliac stenoses by balloon angioplasty, a low dose of heparin or a new antithrombotic drug, such as low molecular weight heparin (fragmin), argatroban, or batroxobin, was delivered locally using the balloon double-occlusion technique. In 1 group, high-dose heparin was administered intravenously. Animals that received no drugs served as a control group. After angioplasty, the stenotic segment was dilated and the mean percentage luminal stenosis fell from 89% to 9% in the group that received locally delivered heparin, from 88% to 7% in the group that received locally delivered argatroban, from 87% to 11% in the group that received locally delivered fragmin, from 88% to 15% in the group that received locally delivered batroxobin, from 82% to 18% in the group that received i.v. heparin (p < 0.0001 compared with before angioplasty in each case), and from 84% to 17% in the control group (p < 0.005 compared with before angioplasty). Twenty-eight days after angioplasty, the percentage luminal stenosis remained at 14% in the group that received locally delivered argatroban, 15% in the group that received locally delivered fragmin, and 28% in the group that received locally delivered batroxobin, whereas it increased to 45% in the group that received i.v. heparin, 30% in the group that received locally delivered heparin and 72% in the control group (p < 0.05 compared with after angioplasty in each case). Thus, local delivery low doses of new antithrombotic drugs prevents restenosis after angioplasty without affecting systemic coagulability; heparin, whether administered locally or intravenously, was less effective than the new drugs in preventing restenosis.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomaru
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujimori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchida
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017546:Angioscopy; D000818:Animals; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012103:Batroxobin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000494:pharmacology; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010875:Pipecolic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000991:Antithrombins; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D010875:Pipecolic Acids; D013449:Sulfonamides; D001120:Arginine; D012103:Batroxobin; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; C031942:argatroban