title: Nociceptin stimulates locomotion and exploratory behaviour in mice.
abstract: The recently characterized heptadecapeptide nociceptin, the endogenous agonist of the orphan opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL1 receptor), has been tested for its effects on locomotion and exploratory behaviour in mice. I.c.v. administration of as little as 10 ng of nociceptin/animal stimulated locomotor activity. This effect was dose-dependent, increasing in intensity up to 100 ng and in duration for doses in the range of 1000-10000 ng. The stimulation of horizontal locomotion elicited by 100 ng nociceptin was accompanied by a stimulation of the vertical component of locomotion. These effects were not reversed by high doses (1.5 and 4.5 mg/kg s.c.) of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. Increasing doses of the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol (0.1-0.5 mg/kg i.p.) as well as of the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 [R(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1 H-3-benzazepine hydrochloride] (0.0075-0.03 mg/kg s.c.) reversed this effect, suggesting that nociceptin exerts its motor-stimulant actions by increasing central dopaminergic transmission. Nociceptin was also found to increase the number of head dips in the hole-board test, indicating that the peptide stimulates exploratory behaviour.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Neuropsychopharmacologie Expérimentale (CNRS URA 1969), Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie de Rouen, Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Florin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suaudeau
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Meunier
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Costentin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000494:pharmacology; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018847:Opioid Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000819:agonists*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D000094942:Nociceptin Receptor; D000097629:Nociceptin
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D006220:Haloperidol; D009270:Naloxone; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D018847:Opioid Peptides; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D000094942:Nociceptin Receptor; D000097629:Nociceptin; C000722287:Oprl1 protein, mouse