title: Counselling implications of chromosomal abnormalities other than trisomy 21 detected through a maternal serum screening programme.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify counselling requirements, we reviewed the frequency and type of non-trisomy 21 chromosome abnormalities found at amniocentesis after maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved a review of the cytogenetic results of amniocenteses performed because of a raised maternal serum screening risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  The maternal serum screening and amniocenteses were performed at hospitals in the Yorkshire region.
  
  
  METHODS
  1715 amniocenteses were performed as a result of a raised maternal serum screening risk for the period 1990 to 1993.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cytogenetic results were classified into the main categories of numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  The nature and frequency of abnormal cytogenetic results were identified in which parental samples were required in order to determine if the abnormal finding was de novo or familial and/or for which specialist genetic counselling was required.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-nine pregnancies of 1715 amniocenteses were identified with a chromosomal abnormality (4.0%): 35 (2.0%) with trisomy 21 and 34 (2.0%) with another chromosomal abnormality. For 20 of these 34 abnormalities, parental karyotypes were required and in 29 of the 34 specialist genetic counselling was required.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women undergoing maternal serum screening and, in particular, those proceeding to amniocentesis, should be informed that there is an equal chance that a chromosomal abnormality other than trisomy 21 will be found at amniocentesis, the nature of which usually requires parental samples and specialist counselling.
authors.affiliation: St Jame's Hospital, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sheridan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caine
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D000649:Amniocentesis; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D007446:Chromosome Inversion; D002882:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13; D002898:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8; D003376:Counseling; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D014314:Trisomy