title: Neuroleptic-induced mitochondrial enzyme alterations in the rat brain.
abstract: For years, it has been known that neuroleptics have the capacity to interfere with the mitochondrial respiratory chain in vitro. We report that haloperidol and fluphenazine, classical neuroleptics, cause a generalized reduction in the activity of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) in the rat brain in vivo, an effect that was not observed with the atypical neuroleptic, clozapine. MPTP, which bears significant structural similarities with haloperidol, also demonstrated a significant reduction in complex I activity after low-dose, chronic administration. Interestingly, an increase in the activity of cytochrome-c oxidase (complex IV), probably reflecting enhanced functional neuronal activity, was observed in the frontal cortex of all chronically treated animals, an effect that is unlikely to result from compensation for the inhibition of complex I. Results suggest that previous findings, in which a reduction in the activity of cytochrome-c oxidase was observed in postmortem brain samples from schizophrenics, are not dependent on treatment with neuroleptics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Prince
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yassin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oreland
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000187:drug effects; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I