title: Collaboration between a referring hospital and a tertiary care center in improving the transfer process for cardiac patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transfer of cardiac patients between hospitals is a complex process with many implications for quality of care. In the case of heart disease, specialized procedures such as coronary angioplasty, coronary bypass surgery, and valve replacement or repair require the performance of cardiac catheterization and coronary arteriography in a catheterization laboratory, as well as the availability of cardiac surgical services. The Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (DVAMC) at Muskogee, Oklahoma, transfers most cardiac patients requiring specialized diagnostic procedures and advanced cardiac care to DVAMC at Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Concerns about the inefficiency of the transfer process led to the launch of a quality improvement project in late 1992. CHANGES IN THE TRANSFER PROCESS: Greater emphasis was placed on medical aspects compared to administrative aspects of transfer, and ready access to the physicians at DVAMC at Oklahoma City was provided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The time from request for transfer to the actual transfer decreased. Before the quality improvement project, only 33% of transfers of cardiac patients were completed within 24 hours-versus 78% in 1993 and 1994, 89% in 1995, and 84% in the first half of 1996. In addition, DVAMC-Muskogee physician satisfaction regarding services at DVAMC-Oklahoma City improved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ongoing discussion between the cardiology team at the accepting hospital and physicians at the referring hospital expanded the continuum of care to both hospitals. Priority of transfers could be upgraded at any time without unduly jeopardizing patient safety or increasing resource utilization at the receiving center.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City 73104-5018, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sivaram
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jarolim
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nasser
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D016507:Cardiology Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans; D006801:Humans; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D009825:Oklahoma; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017748:Time Management; D014164:Transfer Agreement