title: Polymorphisms within the human tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter region in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seropositive persons.
abstract: The question is addressed whether particular tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) polymorphisms are associated with clinical course and outcome of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. The distribution of four TNF-alpha guanine (G) to adenosine (A) transition polymorphisms at positions -376, -308, -238, and -163 of the 5' promoter region of the TNF-alpha gene was studied in a nested case-control study among HIV-1-seropositive participants of the Amsterdam Cohort. None of the polymorphisms was significantly associated with long-term asymptomatic survival after HIV-1 infection compared with progression to clinical AIDS. Moreover, specific AIDS-defining illnesses or biologic phenotype of the HIV-1 virus were not associated with TNF-alpha alleles. The results of this study do not point toward a role for known TNF-alpha G to A transition polymorphisms in the clinical course of HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leiden, Netherlands.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Brinkman
authors.forename: I P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Keet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Miedema
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Verweij
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D018450:Disease Progression; D015726:Giant Cells; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha