title: Vitamin D status of older South Africans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the vitamin D status of older coloured' South Africans who had not sustained a fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional analytic study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of 200 non-institutionalised subjects in Cape Town aged > or = 65 years was drawn using a two-stage cluster design. Trained fieldworkers interviewed subjects to obtain demographic, dietary and lifestyle data, to draw fasting blood samples for the analysis of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and other biochemical parameters, and to take anthropometric measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen per cent of the subjects (95% CI: 11.4-22.6%) had serum 25(OH)D levels in the deficient range for the elderly (< 10 ng/ml); 7.5% (95% CI: 3.6-11.4%) had concentrations in the moderately severe range of deficiency (< 8 ng/ml). Sixty-three per cent of the subjects had raised serum alkaline phosphatase concentrations. Regression modelling showed neither a sex difference in 25(OH)D levels nor a sex-age interaction; however, a negative association with age was found (r = -0.18; P < 0.05). Mean oral vitamin D intake was low (3.6 (SD = 2.7) micrograms and 2.8 (SD = 1.7) micrograms for men and women, respectively), but no association between dietary vitamin D intake and serum 25(OH)D was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of suboptimal vitamin D status was high. However, the interpretation of the data, with regard to bone health, is limited by the cross-sectional design of the study. Further investigation is required to determine the potential benefits of intervention in this age group.
authors.affiliation: HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Charlton
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Labadarios
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lombard
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Louw
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; D002118:Calcium