title: Effect of low-viscosity resins on the performance of dental adhesives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the use of low-viscosity intermediate resins (LVR) reduces microleakage of dental adhesive systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wedge-shaped Class V cavities were prepared in sound extracted molars. Occlusal margins were in enamel and gingival margins were in dentin/cementum. Five adhesive systems (All-Bond 2, Clearfil Liner Bond 2, OptiBond, Prime & Bond and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose) were applied to the preparations strictly according to manufacturers' directions on one side of the tooth and with the addition of LVR (OptiBond FL Adhesive or Protect Liner F) on the other. All cavities were restored with Z100 resin composite. Specimens were then stored in water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours, thermocycled 800x, stained with silver nitrate, sectioned, and evaluated for leakage. Marginal penetration of silver nitrate was scored on 0-3 scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric ANOVA) revealed a significant difference (P < 0.0001) in leakage at dentin margins. Multiple pairwise comparisons of control groups revealed considerable overlapping between groups, but with a trend toward less leakage by OptiBond and Clearfil Liner Bond 2. Leakage of Scotchbond Multi-Purpose was significantly reduced when Protect Liner F was used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7450, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Swift
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Triolo
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Barkmeier
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bounds
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003736:Dental Cavity Lining; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates; D018583:Pliability; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000737:chemistry*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: C074864:All-Bond system; C084544:Clearfil Linerbond System; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C090971:Liner F; D008689:Methacrylates; C092987:Optibond; C088316:Optibond Dual Cure; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C103500:Prime & Bond; D019279:Resin Cements; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate