title: A study of 5-day cefdinir treatment for streptococcal pharyngitis in children. Cefdinir Pediatric Pharyngitis Study Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the safety and efficacy of a 5-day regimen of cefdinir with those a conventional 10-day regimen of penicillin V for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Investigator-blind, randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary care, ambulatory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children aged 1 to 12 years with signs and symptoms of pharyngitis and a positive result on a rapid screening test for Streptococcus pyogenes (ie, a convenience sample). Four hundred eighty-two patients were enrolled in the study, and 440 were clinically and microbiologically evaluable. The most common reasons patients were nonevaluable were failure to return for specified visits and noncompliance with the administration of the medication; 2 patients receiving penicillin V discontinued use of the drug because of adverse events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized to receive either 7-mg/kg cefdinir, twice daily, for 5 days or 10-mg/kg penicillin V potassium, 4 times daily, for 10 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  The eradication of S pyogenes and the clinical cure of the signs and symptoms of pharyngitis, both determined 5 to 10 days after the completion of therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Streptococcus pyogenes was eradicated in 201 (90%) of the 224 patients receiving cefdinir and 155 (72%) of the 216 patients receiving penicillin V (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.7%-25.1%; P < .001). The clinical cure rates were 92% and 91% in the groups receiving cefdinir and penicillin V, respectively (95% CI, -4.5% to 6.1%; P = .80). Adverse events, regardless of the opinion of the investigator about their relationship to the study medication, occurred in 12.5% of the patients receiving cefdinir and 13.6% of the patients receiving penicillin V (P = .69).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 5-day regimen of cefdinir eradicated a higher proportion of S pyogenes than a 10-day regimen of penicillin V. No difference was noted between the regimens for clinical outcomes or adverse event rates.
authors.affiliation: Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Ann Arbor, Mich, USA.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Tack
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hedrick
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rothstein
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nemeth
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keyserling
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pichichero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D000077525:Cefdinir; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009819:Office Visits; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016312:Treatment Refusal
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D000077525:Cefdinir