title: Advances in the treatment of schizophrenia.
abstract: We review advances in the treatment of schizophrenia. We begin with an overview of antipsychotic drug development, focusing on the in vitro and in vivo binding profiles of clozapine and a new generation of D2:5HT antagonists. We then consider the main barriers to effective treatment: non-compliance (and side-effects) of medication, recurrent relapse, 'treatment resistance', negative symptoms and neurocognitive deficits. Within this framework, we review the mechanisms of action and clinical uses of the 'atypical' antipsychotic drugs. We also show how a variety of psychosocial interventions, particularly those that incorporate cognitive techniques, can be used in combination with pharmacotherapy to overcome the same clinical hurdles.
authors.affiliation: Maudsley Hospital, London.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Kuperberg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D016312:Treatment Refusal / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents