title: Concentric and/or eccentric training-induced alterations in shoulder flexor and extensor strength.
abstract: To examine the effect of specific concentric and eccentric training on muscular strength following an initial standardized period of excessive training, shoulder extensors and flexors were tested. The shoulder is a joint particularly susceptible to injury and requires a specific strength training program. For a period of 12 weeks, subjects performed training, including concentric and eccentric actions. Thereafter, they were divided into three groups that performed specific 12-week programs, including either concentric (C-E/C), eccentric (C-E/E), or a combination of both concentric and eccentric exercises (C-E/C-E). Following the initial period of training, significant increases (p < 0.05) in performance were observed for all experimental groups. The C-E/C group showed significant increases (p < 0.05) in performance after 24 weeks of training, especially at high concentric angular velocities. However, the C-E/E group showed significant increases (p < 0.05) only in their eccentric moments. No significant differences were noted for the C-E/C-E group. These findings seem to partly confirm the mode-specificity principle, as only the concentric-specific training program improved concentric and eccentric strength. Moreover, the velocity-specificity principle was strongly supported.
authors.affiliation: Groupe Analyse du Mouvement, UFR STAPS BP 138, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Amiridis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cometti
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morlon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Hoecke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D007700:Kinetics; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D011336:Probability; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000502:physiology*