title: Calcineurin A alpha (PPP3CA), calcineurin A beta (PPP3CB) and calcineurin B (PPP3R1) are located on human chromosomes 4, 10q21-->q22 and 2p16-->p15 respectively.
abstract: Calcineurin (also called protein phosphatase-2B) is a calmodulin-regulated protein phosphatase which plays an important role in signal transduction. The enzyme is a heterodimer of a 58-59 kDa calmodulin-binding catalytic subunit (calcineurin A) and a small (i.e. 19 kDa) Ca(2+)-binding regulatory subunit (calcineurin B). The highly conserved calcineurin B is encoded by a single gene in all tissues except testes, whereas there are three isoforms of calcineurin A (alpha, beta and gamma) encoded by genes on three different chromosomes. This enzyme can play a critical role in transcriptional regulation and growth control in T lymphocytes by a mechanism believed to involve dephosphorylation of the nuclear factor NF-AT which is essential for transcription of the interleukin-2 gene. To better evaluate the potential role of the calcineurin genes in human genetic disorders, we have studied their chromosome locations. Calcineurin B (PPP3R1) is located on human chromosome 2p16-->p15 and calcineurin A beta (PPP3CB, previous gene symbol CALNB) is present on 10q21-->q22. We confirm the localization of calcineurin A alpha (PPP3CA, previous gene symbol CALNA) to chromosome 4 without regional localization.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guerini
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Klee
authors.forename: O W
authors.initials: OW
authors.lastname: McBride
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D019703:Calcineurin; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002879:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 / Q000235:genetics*; D002889:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D002894:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; D019703:Calcineurin; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases