title: Chemical and biological investigation of the root bark of Clerodendrum mandarinorum.
abstract: A 70% EtOH extract of Clerodendrum mandarinorum root bark was assessed for CNS activity against 18 radioligand receptor binding assays. The results showed that the extract was able to bind to opiate, adenosine-1, alpha 2-adrenergic, 5HT-1, 5HT-2, dopamine-2, histamine-1, GABA(A), and GABA(B) receptors. Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified by El-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra as known triterpenoids (friedelanone, lupeol, betulinic acid), steroids (24S-stigmata-5,25-dien-3 beta-ol,22E,24S-stigmata-5,22,25-trien-3 beta-ol), flavonoids (cirsimaritin, cirsimaritin-4'-glucoside, quercetin-3-methyl ether), tetra-hydro-alpha-pyrone and saccharides (sucrose, alpha-D- and beta-D-glucopyranose, ethyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, 2-ethyl-beta-D-fructofuranoside). The isolated compounds were assessed for activity by the radioligand receptor binding assays. Betulinic acid and ethyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside showed weak activities against sulphonylureas (IC50 = 7.5 microM) and muscarinic receptors (IC50 = 5.5 microM), respectively. Cirsimaritin-4'-glucoside was weakly active in the adenosine-1 binding assay (IC50 = 3.0 microM), whereas seven structurally related flavonoids, not isolated from C.mandarinorum, were inactive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Phillipson
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Greengrass
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Bowery
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D051381:Rats; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D013570:Synaptic Membranes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter