Macrophage tropism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and utilization of the CC-CKR5 coreceptor.
The recent identification of the CC-CKR5 beta chemokine receptor as a major cofactor for entry of macrophage-tropic isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) raises the question of whether macrophage tropism is determined by utilization of this chemokine receptor. We observe that in addition to macrophage-tropic isolates of clades A, B, and E, macrophage-tropic isolates of clade F also utilize the CC-CKR5 molecule for entry. However, using single-round replication-competent reporter viruses carrying the envelope genes of T-cell line-tropic or macrophage-tropic phenotypic recombinant and mutant HIV-1 strains in infection of stable cell lines that coexpress the CD4 and chemokine receptors, we were unable to establish a strict correlation between macrophage tropism and utilization of the CC-CKR5 chemokine receptor. This latter finding suggests that a cofactor other than CC-CKR5 serves to determine entry into primary macrophages.
Cheng-Mayer
C
C
Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021-6399, USA.
Liu
R
R
Landau
N R
NR
Stamatatos
L
L
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D015728:Receptors, HIV; D014779:Virus Replication
D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D015728:Receptors, HIV