title: Attenuated GLP-1 secretion in obesity: cause or consequence?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypersecretion of insulinotropic factors such as glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide (GLP-1) have been postulated to account for the hyperinsulinaemia of obesity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the role of GLP-1 and GIP in obese women and matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six lean and six obese women subjects matched for age.
  
  
  METHODS
  The gut hormone, plasma glucose, and serum triglyceride responses were studied over 180 minutes after oral carbohydrate and fat meals. Heparin (10,000 units) was given intravenously at 120 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was pronounced attenuation of plasma GLP-1 secretion to oral carbohydrate in the obese compared with lean subjects but no such difference in response to oral fat load. There were no differences in the plasma GIP responses to carbohydrate or fat feeding. There was an apparent fall in plasma GLP-1 values in all subjects after administration of heparin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postprandial GLP-1 secretion in response to oral carbohydrate is considerably attenuated in obese subjects. The cause of this attenuation of GLP-1 secretion is not known although we suggest that both this fall and the overall reduction in GLP-1 values in obese subjects may be related to an increase in plasma non-esterified fatty acids.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Ranganath
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Beety
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Howland
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marks
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D005934:Glucagon; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C055453:glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36)amide; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D006493:Heparin; D005934:Glucagon