title: Ethnic differences in insulin resistance and its consequences in older Mexican American and non-Hispanic white women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was initiated to test the hypothesis that older, healthy, nondiabetic Mexican American women would be relatively resistant to insulin-mediated glucose disposal, hyperinsulinemic, and dyslipidemic as compared to a matched group of non-Hispanic White (NHW) women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study, cross-sectional in nature, involved 14 Mexican American and 19 NHW healthy, normotensive nondiabetic, postmenopausal women of similar age and body mass index. It took place in the General Clinical Research Center at Stanford Medical Center. Measurements were made of fasting plasma glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations, and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations following a 75 gram oral glucose challenge. Resistance to insulin-mediated glucose disposal was estimated by the steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) concentration achieved at the end of a 3-hour constant infusion of glucose, insulin, and somatostatin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mexican American women had significantly greater glucose (p < .001) and insulin (p < .001) responses to the oral glucose challenge than did the NHW women. Resistance to insulin-mediated glucose disposal was increased in Mexican American women (SSPG 195 +/- 25 mg/dl compared to 137 +/- 18 mg/dl in NHW; p < .001). While total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations were not significantly different in the two ethnic groups, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol was significantly lower in the Mexican American women (51 mg/dl vs 61 mg/dl; p = .04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older Mexican American women are more insulin resistant, glucose intolerant, and hyperinsulinemic, and have a lower HDL-cholesterol than a matched group of non-Hispanic White peers. These results were observed despite the exclusion of individuals with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Aguirre
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Reaven
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008800:Mexico / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D013004:Somatostatin; D005947:Glucose