title: The use of television in 2- to 8-year-old children and the attitude of parents about such use.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been recognized that uncontrolled use of television (TV) in childhood is potentially harmful. Few data about family habits regarding TV use are available.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the quantitative-qualitative TV viewing habits of children and the relationship between the attitudes of parents about TV programs and TV use by their children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive study.
  
  
  METHODS
  General pediatric community.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample. All the parents of the children attending the nursery school, kindergarten, and the first 2 years of elementary school in a neighborhood of Padova, a city in northern Italy. The parents of 156 children (95%) responded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine percent of the children viewed TV for more than 3 hours per day, and 50% of the children viewed TV for 1 to 3 hours per day. A range of TV programs were viewed. Parents were involved in the TV use of their children; the most frequent way was by prohibiting some programs. The attitudinal profiles of the parents about the contents and the value of TV messages were notably associated with different kinds of TV use. A high score (ie, an optimistic judgment) on the attitudinal profile about the contents of TV programs was significantly associated with greater quantitative (P < .04), uncritical exposure (P < .05) of children to TV messages. A high score (ie, severe judgment) on the attitudinal profile regarding the values of TV programs was associated with qualitatively better exposure to TV (P < .05) and greater selectivity of programs watched (P < .05). In the parents, a critical attitude seemed to have a direct relationship with a higher social and educational level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pilot study suggests that the attitude of parents about TV may influence the TV viewing habits of children. A broader study that accounts for this factor and other factors that influence TV use is necessary to better understand the reasons for the excessive exposure of children to TV.
authors.affiliation: Mother-Child Territorial Service, University of Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valerio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amodio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dal Zio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vianello
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Zacchello
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D010541:Permissiveness; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D013690:Television; D013997:Time Factors