title: [A study of post-traumatic stress reactions among war refugees based on medical records. A standard model may support the treatment].
abstract: A special project designed to aid Bosnian refugees in Stockholm County was initiated and funded by the County Council in February 1994. The present study, a joint endeavour involving the Bosnian Project, the Centre for Trauma and Torture Diagnostics, and the Red Cross Centre for torture victims, was designed to fulfil the following aims: To characterise the patient population in terms of social situation, trauma history, symptoms and treatment; To review accumulated experience at the three centres; To outline and discuss the treatment; and To suggest new avenues for further research concerning refugees and trauma. To obtain comparable material for this retrospective review of case records at the three centres, a special case chart format was adopted, covering pre-war and pre-treatment information on general background, social situation, health status and medication, as well as trauma history, symptoms and treatment. Most patients reported good pre-war health, but at the time of the study exhibited manifest effects of trauma history; 95 per cent reported mental problems, and 39 per cent medical disease or physical disorders. These refugees were thus characterised by manifest post-traumatic stress symptoms and need of treatment. Despite their relatively short time in Sweden, almost all had permanent residence permits and fixed addresses. The absence of a comparable control group precluded comparison with other refugee or normal populations. The findings suggest the need of co-ordination and co-operation between the special facilities available to refugees, and of a standardised format for case records.
authors.affiliation: Centrum för tortyroch traumaskadade, Karolinska sjukhuset, Stockholm.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Apitzsch
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jakobsson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lindgren
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lundin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Movschenson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandberg
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sundqvist
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017522:Bosnia and Herzegovina / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D012036:Refugees / Q000523:psychology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D013548:Sweden; D014104:Torture; D014857:Warfare