title: Pain during arterial puncture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the level of pain reported by patients during arterial puncture with or without local anesthesia, and to compare the results with levels reported for venous puncture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind study of puncture with and without local anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pulmonary function laboratory, department of pneumology.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 270 consecutive patients undergoing arterial puncture divided into two groups. In group A (n = 210), we assessed level of pain with and without local anesthesia and with placebo. In group B (n = 60), we compared pain of arterial and venous puncture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The arterial puncture was performed in the radial artery; venous puncture was in the median basilic vein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pain was quantified on a visual analog scale (10 cm). Mean level of pain for all arterial punctures without anesthesia or placebo was slight to moderate (3.01 +/- 1.94 cm). Subcutaneous anesthetic infiltration before arterial puncture significantly reduced pain by more than 50%, to 1.50 +/- 1.54 cm, a level that was significantly lower than the pain level reported after conventional venous puncture (1.80 +/- 1.10 cm). The pain reported by patients who received no anesthesia was not significantly different (p = 0.45) from that perceived by those who received subcutaneous infiltration of saline solution (placebo).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arterial puncture with prior infiltration of local anesthetic is the least painful procedure among those studied. Use of local anesthesia is indicated whenever conventional arterial puncture is required.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Pneumologia, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Hospital de la Santa Creu i de Sant Pau, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Casan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Belda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Miralda
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanchis
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D001158:Arteries; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011677:Punctures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014680:Veins