title: Sulcal, ventricular, and white matter changes at MR imaging in the aging brain: data from the cardiovascular health study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the distribution of changes in sulcal size, ventricular size, and white matter signal intensity depicted on cranial magnetic resonance (MR) images, with stratification according to age, race, and sex.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ventricular size, sulcal size, and white matter signal intensity changes were graded on cranial MR images of 3,660 community-living, elderly participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study. A healthier subgroup was also defined. Summary statistics for both groups were generated for age, race, and sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regression models of the entire imaged cohort showed higher grades of all variables with increasing age, and higher ventricular and sulcal grades in men and in nonblack individuals. White matter grade was greater in women and in black individuals. Regression models of the healthier subgroup showed similar associations, except for a lack of association of sulcal and ventricular size with race.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sulcal width, ventricular size, and white matter signal intensity change with age, sex, and race. Knowledge of these changes is important in appropriate interpretation of MR images of the elderly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-2182, USA.
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Longstreth
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Elster
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jungreis
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Bryan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D044469:Racial Groups; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors