title: Oral manifestations associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection in a Spanish population.
abstract: A study was made of the oral manifestations in 396 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The following risk groups were established: intravenous drug users (79.5%), homosexuals (7.8%), homosexual intravenous drug users (3.3%), heterosexuals (8.1%) and hemophiliacs/transfusion patients (1.3%). The oral lesions, in decreasing order of frequency, were: periodontal disease (78.28%), candidiasis (65.65%), hairy leukoplakia (16.16%), herpes simplex virus lesions (5.30%). Kaposi's sarcoma (2.27%), recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAS) (1.01%), lichen planus (0.5%), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (0.25%), tuberculous lesion of the tongue (0.25%) and ulcerations of uncertain etiology (0.25%). Attention is drawn to the greater predominance of these lesions in patients with CD4 values of less than 200/ mm3, compared with those who have higher lymphocyte counts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Granada University Dental School, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ceballos-Salobreña
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Aguirre-Urizar
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Bagan-Sebastian
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006467:Hemophilia A; D006716:Homosexuality; D006801:Humans; D017733:Leukoplakia, Hairy / Q000453:epidemiology; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000453:epidemiology; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D019226:Oral Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000453:epidemiology; D019529:Sexuality; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013281:Stomatitis, Aphthous / Q000453:epidemiology; D013283:Stomatitis, Herpetic / Q000453:epidemiology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous; D014060:Tongue Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D014393:Tuberculosis, Oral / Q000453:epidemiology