title: In vitro magnetic resonance microimaging of experimental osteoarthritis in the rat knee joint.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To visualize articular changes during iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis (OA) of the rat knee using high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  All images were acquired on a 8.5T microimager on ex vivo rat knees. After optimization studies, 3D spin echo sequences were used with TR 1200 ms and TE 15 ms; 40 sagittal images were obtained with a resolution of 400 x 60 x 60 microns. OA lesions were achieved by injecting 3 mg iodoacetate in the right knee joint (Day 0). Progression of OA changes was studied at Days 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 90 and corresponding radiographs and histological sections were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spin echo images of the normal rat knee clearly visualized cortical bone, calcified menisci, patella, and cruciate ligaments as dark regions. Cartilage and muscles appeared as intermediate signal. In some cases a trilaminar appearance of cartilage and growth plate was depicted. This appearance persisted at Day 5, although cartilage presented a marked loss of proteoglycans. After Day 10 the menisci appeared irregular and inhomogeneous. After Day 15, MRI showed important alterations of articular cartilage, predominant on weight bearing areas of femoral condyles. Osteophytic remodeling was also seen around the patella. From Day 20 to Day 90 anatomical changes progressively affected epiphyseal bone, leading to subchondral cysts and loss of its regular trabecular structure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High field MRI provides a sensitive method for investigating ex vivo focal erosions of cartilage and established osteochondral remodeling in experimental OA in the rat. In this model, microimaging provides more information about early modifications of cartilage and soft tissue than radiographic exploration, in good correlation with histological data.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Pharmacologie and Clinique Rhumatologique, Faculté de Médecine, URA CNRS 1288 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Loeuille
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gonord
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guingamp
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gillet
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sauzade
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Netter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007461:Iodoacetates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019807:Iodoacetic Acid; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D007461:Iodoacetates; D019807:Iodoacetic Acid