title: Management of irregular uterine bleeding and spotting associated with Norplant.
abstract: Norplant, a systemic contraceptive, has been used extensively throughout the world. A major problem for consumers utilizing Norplant has been irregular, unpredictable uterine bleeding or spotting. This study seeks to determine whether or not an appropriate treatment could be found that will reduce the incidence of spotting and bleeding. Both a pilot study and an interim report of a multi-center trial utilizing ethinyl estradiol 20 micrograms for 10 days, versus Ibuprofen 800 mg three times a day for 5 days, versus placebo is reported. Based on the interim analysis of the multi-center trial, there is a reduction in the mean number of spotting days with one of the three treatments compared to the other two treatments (p = 0.044). There was no difference in the number of bleeding days between treatment regimen. It appears from a review of the literature that both oestrogen, progesterone, and non-steriodal anti-inflammatory agents may reduce the number of bleeding days or inhibit acutely the bleeding in women utilizing Norplant. The completion of this randomized multi-center trial will hopefully give us further insight into an effective treatment for controlling the irregular bleeding and/or spotting that occurs in Norplant users.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, USA.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Philput
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000009:adverse effects*; D045166:Estradiol Congeners / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015994:Incidence; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D045166:Estradiol Congeners; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D007052:Ibuprofen