title: Pheochromocytoma: effect of nonionic contrast medium in CT on circulating catecholamine levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the catecholamine-releasing effect of peripheral intravenous administration of the nonionic contrast medium iohexol in patients with pheochromocytomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients (eight women, two men; mean age, 44 years; age range, 25-70 years) with pheochromocytomas and related tumors and six healthy volunteers (five men, one woman; mean age, 31 years; age range, 27-35 years) were examined. Plasma catecholamine levels were measured at intervals for 60 minutes after the injection of 0.9% saline or iohexol on 2 separate days. All 10 patients intravenously received the specific alpha-adrenergic blocker phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride (0.5 mg/kg in 250 mL of 5% dextrose infused over 2 hours) 24 hours before iohexol-enhanced computed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistically significant increase in epinephrine or norepinephrine levels in the patients or the control subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While it may be prudent to administer oral alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor antagonists in all patients with a biochemically proved pheochromocytoma to control their symptoms and to prevent a spontaneous adrenergic crisis, specific blockade may not be required before contrast medium-enhanced scanning with iohexol. Although the sample size of this study is relatively small, the results do suggest that in an incidentally detected, clinically silent adrenal mass that may or may not be hypersecreting, the nonionic contrast medium iohexol may be used for scanning without blockade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, England.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Peppercorn
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Reznek
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kaltsas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Besser
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Grossman
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007472:Iohexol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D002395:Catecholamines; D003287:Contrast Media; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine; D007472:Iohexol