title: Amphotericin B enzyme-linked immunoassay for clinical use: comparison with bioassay and HPLC.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for amphotericin B in serum samples. Results are compared with those obtained by HPLC and bioassay.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of results obtained by ELISA, HPLC, and bioassay.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a new ELISA using a polyclonal rabbit antibody to measure serum amphotericin B concentrations. Blinded samples of amphotericin B in concentrations of 0.15-78 micrograms/mL were prepared in human serum and assayed simultaneously by the ELISA, HPLC, and bioassay. The results of each assay were derived from standard curves and evaluated by using the Table Curve 2D computer program. These data were compared by using correlation analysis with evaluation of Pearson's correlation coefficient by Student's t-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ELISA and bioassay compared favorably at amphotericin B concentrations of 0.3-20 micrograms/mL with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.993, while ELISA and HPLC compared with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.944. The average coefficient of variation over the range 0.3-20.0 micrograms/mL was 28% +/- 7% for HPLC, 26% +/- 9% for ELISA, and 13% +/- 4% for bioassay. Comparison of all three assays revealed the highest correlation with the ELISA assay (r = 0.998) for the range of concentrations (0.3-20 micrograms/mL) routinely achieved. Samples containing concentrations in excess of 20 micrograms/mL could be diluted. Desiccation for concentrations less than 0.3 microgram/mL was not tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The determination of serum amphotericin B concentrations by ELISA gave results similar to those obtained by a bioassay and HPLC technique. Although variability appears greater with ELISA, the ease of performing yjis assay expedites the evaluation of amphotericin B concentrations from lipid formulations without interference from coadministered antibacterials of azole antifungals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Jackson 31926, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cleary
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hardin
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Pennick
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lobb
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000097:blood*; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000666:Amphotericin B