title: Evaluation of enalapril/diltiazem ER in hypertensive patients with coexisting renal dysfunction. Enalapril/Diltiazem ER in Hypertensive Renal Disease Group.
abstract: Both enalapril and long-acting diltiazem have been shown to effectively lower blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients. Furthermore, in clinical studies, these two agents provided beneficial renal effects in these patients when administered on a long-term basis. A combination of enalapril/diltiazem ER was evaluated in 62 patients with Stage 1-3 hypertension and coexisting renal disease. This trial used a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel group design. The study consisted of a 12-week double-blind phase followed by a 6-month open-label extension phase. The combination of enalapril/diltiazem ER was shown to reduce BP following both short-term and long-term treatment phases. Patients in Renal Group I (creatinine clearance CrCl): 30-59 ml/min/1.73 m2) had decreases of -18/-16 and -25/-20 mm Hg after 12 weeks and 9 months of therapy, respectively. Those in Renal Group II (CrCl: 10-29 ml/min/1.73 m2) had similar decreases of -23/-18 and -23/-19 mm Hg at these time points. The adverse events, in both phases, were those associated with the respective monotherapies. A reduction in CrCl with a coincident decrease in proteinuria was noted for both renal groups. The combination of enalapril/diltiazem ER lowered BP and was generally well tolerated by the patients. The combination of these two agents should improve the management of hypertensive patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH 44106-5048, USA.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hricik
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Adrogue
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004656:Enalapril / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011507:Proteinuria
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004656:Enalapril; D003404:Creatinine; D004110:Diltiazem