title: Corrosion of amalgams under sliding wear.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  During mastication, dental amalgams are simultaneously subjected to corrosion by the oral environment and to a sliding-wear process by biting forces. In the present study, the effect of sliding wear on the corrosion behavior of two high-copper dental amalgams was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  An experimental apparatus was utilized that allows electrochemical testing under sliding-wear conditions. Corrosion potential measurements and anodic polarization scans were conducted in 0.1 M NaCl solution under sliding wear to characterize the behavior of two commercial, high-copper, single composition dental amalgams. In addition, long duration tests were conducted to assess possible corrosion and wear synergistic effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that sliding wear caused a sharp reduction in the corrosion potential, a significant increase in the corrosion rate and a decrease in the repassivation rate of both amalgams. These effects are due to the mechanical removal by the wear process of the surface protective film formed on dental amalgams. The simultaneous action of sliding wear and corrosion can also induce embrittlement that leads to cracking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present evidence suggests that this cracking may be one of the major contributors to marginal failures of dental amalgam restorations.
authors.affiliation: Louisiana State University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Baton Rouge, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Meletis
mesh_terms: D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D003343:Corrosion; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D019554:Dental Restoration Wear; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; C036886:tytin; C031360:Sybraloy; D003300:Copper; D003723:Dental Amalgam