title: Gastrectomy with combined resection of other organs for carcinoma of the stomach with invasion to adjacent organs: clinical efficacy in a retrospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carcinoma of the stomach invading one or more adjacent organs raises serious concerns over en bloc dissection because en bloc resection has an associated high risk and such advanced carcinoma is frequently associated with incurable factors. Thus, it is important to understand the efficacy of gastrectomy combined with other organ resection and to refine the indications for en bloc dissection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-seven patients with carcinoma of the stomach directly invading adjacent organs or structures were analyzed retrospectively to investigate the efficacy of en bloc resection. Forty-one patients underwent gastrectomy combined with resection of one or more invaded organs (combined resection group), while the other 36 patients underwent gastrectomy with palliative abrasion between the primary tumor and the invasion site (noncombined resection group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The five-year survival rate was 23 percent in the combined resection group and 0 percent in the noncombined resection group (p < .05). The 23 curative cases and 18 noncurative cases in the combined resection group had a survival rate of 41 percent and 0 percent, respectively (p < .05). The survival rate after a single organ resection was 29 percent, and after a multiple organ resection, 0 percent (p < .05). Cases of carcinoma invading either the pancreas or mesocolon had a slightly but not significantly better prognosis. In Borrmann type IV carcinoma there was no difference in survival between the curative and noncurative operation. Cases with P1 dissemination had a better prognosis than those of P2 and P3 dissemination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The best indication for an en bloc combined organ resection was an invasion limited to only one other organ, not more than N2, no incurable factor, and any type except Borrmann type IV. Additionally, an en bloc combined resection would be worth trying for any type of gastric carcinoma with not more than P1 dissemination and with no other incurable factor.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takamiya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoyagi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kofuji
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirouzu
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010166:Palliative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate