Virulence in mice of Orientia tsutsugamushi isolated from patients in a new endemic area in Japan.
Four strains of Orientia tsutsugamushi (KN-1, KN-2, KN-3 and GJ-1) isolated from patients in an area of Gifu Prefecture, Japan, in which tsutsugamushi disease is newly endemic, were examined for their virulence in mice. Among these, KN-1 (identified as Kawasaki type), GJ-1 (identified as Kuroki type) and KN-2 strains were found to be non-lethal for BALB/c mice as well as CH3/HeJ mice, even with high doses (10(6) x being the 50% mouse infectious dose). On the other hand, the KN-3 strain was found to be sufficiently virulent to kill BALB/c mice. Among the prototype strains (Gilliam, Karp and Kato), the Karp and Kato strains exhibited high virulence to mice, while the Gilliam strain killed only a susceptible strain of mouse. BALB/c mice infected with KN-1 and KN-2 strains showed significant splenomegaly and moderate ascites accumulation in the first week of infection, while these symptoms became prominent during the second week of infection using KN-3, Karp and Kato strains. After infection with the GJ-1 strain, these symptoms were not observed. Antibody responses induced by infections with highly virulent strains were lower than that with low or intermediate virulent strains.
Nagano
I
I
Department of Parasitology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.
Kasuya
S
S
Noda
N
N
Yamashita
T
T
D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001201:Ascites; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D012285:Orientia tsutsugamushi / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D012287:Rickettsiaceae / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D012612:Scrub Typhus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013163:Splenomegaly; D014774:Virulence
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial