title: Protection of ethanol-mediated acetaminophen hepatotoxicity by triacetyloleandomycin, a specific inhibitor of CYP3A.
abstract: Cytochrome P450 2E (CYP2E) is considered responsible for ethanol-mediated increases in acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity. However, it has been shown in cultured human and rat hepatocytes and intact rats that ethanol induces CYP3A in addition to CYP2E. Therefore, an investigation was made in rats to see whether or not an inhibitor of CYP3A, triacetyloleandomycin (TAO), would protect against ethanol-mediated increases in APAP hepatotoxicity. Rats, treated with 6.3 percent ethanol in the Lieber-DeCarli diet for 7 days, were administered APAP (lg/kg, i.g.) 11 hrs after removal of the diet. Triacetyloleandomycin (500 mg/kg, saline solution) was injected i.p. 2 hrs before the administration of APAP. In rats pretreated with ethanol, treatment with APAP for 7 hrs resulted in focal centrilobular congestion and steatosis. Triacetyloleandomycin completely prevented the histological liver damage in all 8 animals. These results suggest that, in ethanol-treated rats, CYP3A plays a major role in increasing APAP hepatotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Veterans Administration Medical Center, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA.
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Kostrubsky
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Szakacs
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Jeffery
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Bement
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wrighton
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Sinclair
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D014217:Troleandomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000082:Acetaminophen; D000431:Ethanol; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D014217:Troleandomycin; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating