Processing temperature and moisture content effects on the texture and microscopic appearance of cooked fowl meat gels.
New aseptic processes are being used and refined to produce convenient, shelf stable liquid products containing meat particles. These processes utilize high temperature, short time thermal treatments to minimize food quality change; however, little research has been conducted on the effects of this process on the texture of meat from mature hens traditionally used for canning. The objective of this study was to examine textural and structural changes in meat structure due to different high temperature (HT) heat treatments and meat moisture contents were examined by use of electron microscopy and torsion analyses. Cooked gels of different moisture contents (71.2 to 74.8%) were formulated from spent fowl breast meat and exposed to processing temperatures of 120 or 124 C. The HT processing resulted in stronger (tougher) meat gels that were more deformable (more chewy) than gels that were not processed by HT. Water added prior to cooking was not retained in samples that were cooked and then processed at 124 C, but was retained in the samples processed at 120 C. Electron micrographs showed a more organized and open gel structure in the samples with higher moisture content and lower temperature (120 C) processing compared to the lower moisture and higher (124 C) temperature treatments.
Voller
L M
LM
Department of Food Science, Clemson University, South Carolina 29634-0371, USA.
Dawson
P L
PL
Han
I Y
IY
D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D005782:Gels; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D011202:Poultry Products / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards*; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
D005782:Gels; D014867:Water