title: Alteration of DNA ploidy and cell nuclearity in human hepatocellular carcinoma associated with HBV infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hepatocellular carcinoma usually arises in cirrhotic livers as a complication of chronic liver disease, and may show a variable trend towards increasing ploidy. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between different etiological factors, particularly hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection, and alteration of DNA-ploidy and nuclearity of neoplastic hepatocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA-ploidy, the percentage of binucleated cells in the total cell population and the fraction of mononucleated hepatocytes in the polyploid compartment were assessed by image cytometry on cellular suspensions obtained by fine-needle biopsy from 60 hepatocellular carcinomas in patients whose viral status had previously been assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly higher DNA-ploidy values (p = 0.005), with a reduction in the percentage of binucleated hepatocytes (p = 0.003) and an increase in the fraction of mononucleated hepatocytes in the polyploid compartment (p < 0.0001), were found in hepatocellular carcinoma with actual or previous hepatitis B virus infection (including also HCV+ve patients) in comparison to those not associated with hepatitis B virus infection, but not when HCV+ve hepatocellular carcinomas were compared to HCV-ve ones. Statistically significant differences for ploidy values (p < 0.05), percentage of binucleated hepatocytes (p < 0.05) and fraction of mononucleated hepatocytes in the polyploid compartment (p = 0.003) were also found between hepatocellular carcinoma associated only to hepatitis B virus infection ("pure" hepatitis B virus cases) and those associated only to hepatitis C virus infection ("pure" hepatitis C virus cases).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with a previous or actual hepatitis B virus infection shows a peculiar phenotypical appearance, characterized by a trend towards increasing ploidy and reduction of binuclearity.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Clinica Medica e Gastroenterologia, Università di Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gramantieri
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Melchiorri
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chieco
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaiani
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stecca
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casali
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bolondi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011003:Ploidies; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies