title: Prevention and treatment of dichlorvos-induced toxicosis in mice by diphenhydramine.
abstract: Dosing male mice with 125 mg dichlorvos/kg orally produced cholinergic overstimulation and death in up to 100% of the animals. Administration of 20 or 30 mg diphenhydramine HCl/kg s.c. 15 min before dichlorvos dosing significantly reduced the development of toxicity and increased 24-h survival rates to 87 and 100% respectively. Diphenhydramine was less effective when given immediately after dichlorvos dosing; however, repetitive treatments of 20 mg diphenhydramine/kg s.c. increased the survival rate to 75%. The administration of a single injection of 30 mg diphenhydramine/kg s.c. 15 min before dichlorvos dosing or as multiple s.c. or i.p. doses after dichlorvos increased the 24-h oral dichlorvos LD50 by 30, 50 or 70%, respectively. The anticholinergic effects of diphenhydramine protects and effectively treats mice poisoned with dichlorvos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Iraq.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Faris
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Mohammad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004006:Dichlorvos / Q000506:poisoning*; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000506:poisoning*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D007306:Insecticides; D004006:Dichlorvos; D004155:Diphenhydramine