Injury models of the vascular endothelium: apoptosis and loss of thromboresistance induced by a viral protein.
Endothelial injury caused by viruses usually involves viral replication or transformation. We report a novel mechanism of endothelial damage by a toxic viral protein. We have isolated a new retrovirus from hemangiosarcomas which appeared among layer hens. The isolated avian hemangiosarcoma virus (AHV) is capable of inducing hemangiomas in hens in-vivo and causes a cytopathic effect (CPE) and loss of thromboresistance in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). These effects do not require viral replication and can be induced by purified AHV envelop glycoprotein (gp85). AHV causes CPE in BAEC through a typical programmed cell death (apoptosis). Quiescent G0/G1-BAEC are much more sensitive to AHV induced apoptosis than actively dividing cells. These experiments demonstrate the capacity of viral proteins to affect the integrity and functionality of vascular endothelial cells.
Eldor
A
A
Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
Sela-Donenfeld
D
D
Korner
M
M
Pick
M
M
Resnick-Roguel
N
N
Panet
A
A
D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000166:cytology; D017209:Apoptosis; D001358:Avian Sarcoma Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002417:Cattle; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology*; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D006394:Hemangiosarcoma / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D001357:Sarcoma, Avian / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology*; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*
D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D013928:Thromboxane A2