title: In vitro induction of anti-type 2 T cells by glycyrrhizin.
abstract: Glycyrrhizin (GR), an active component of licorice roots, has been previously shown to induce the generation of anti-type 2 T cells (anti-BI2T cells), which are able to counteract the activity of burn-induced CD8+ type 2 T cells (BI2T cells), in thermally injured and normal mice. In the present study, anti-BI2T cells were generated in vitro in cultures of spleen cells stimulated with GR. Anti-BI2T cells were induced in vitro when splenic mononuclear cells (SMNC) were stimulated in vitro for 24 to 72 h with 0.1-10 micrograms/ml of GR. Anti-BI2T cell activity was detected when suppressor macrophages (M phi) were depleted from SMNC after stimulation with GR. However, the GR-stimulated generation of anti-BI2T cells required the participation of M phi or their sonicated fractions. Anti-BI2T cells induced in vitro by GR were identified as Vicia villosa lectin adherent IFN7 producing-CD4+ T cells lacking the ability to produce IL-2, IL-4 or IL-10. These results indicate that anti-BI2T cells are generated by GR in vitro. M phi are not only necessary for the generation of anti-BI2T cells induced by GR but also inhibit their activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Herndon
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Pollard
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002056:Burns / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006035:Glycyrrhiza; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D037102:Lectins; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D037121:Plant Lectins; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D007376:Interleukin-2; D037102:Lectins; D037121:Plant Lectins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid