title: Childhood traumatic brain injury: neuropsychological status at the time of hospital discharge.
abstract: The present study examined the status at the time of hospital discharge of 22 children who had sustained moderate to severe closed head injuries. Despite an average length of stay of 46 days, on average the children performed significantly below normal on cognitive, memory, and motor tests. The children who did the worst were those who sustained their injuries riding in a vehicle, as opposed to being hit by a vehicle while walking or riding a bicycle. No reliable associations were found between neuroimaging data and cognitive measures; however, children whose scans showed more diffuse severe injury (e.g. white matter hemorrhages) performed more poorly than those who did not. Of further importance were detailed morphometric analyses of tissue quantity and ventricular volume that showed significantly increased ventricle to brain ratios (VBR) over a 3 to 4 week period following injury.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Bigler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gooch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pompa
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010351:Patient Discharge; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants