title: Resection of the caudate lobe of the liver for primary and recurrent hepatocellular carcinomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Resection of the caudate lobe of the liver to treat malignancies has recently received attention, but long-term results after such resection for hepatocellular carcinoma have not been reported for an acceptable number of patients. This study analyzed the short- and long-term results after resection of the caudate lobe for primary and recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma in 19 patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Complete or partial resection of the caudate lobe was performed for the treatment of primary (n = 13) and recurrent (n = 6) hepatocellular carcinoma. Eleven patients had a solitary tumor only in the caudate lobe, but eight patients had tumors in other segments of the liver as well. There were 16 men and 3 women. Age ranged from 35 to 79 years, averaging 63 years. Clinicopathologic features of these cases were evaluated from various viewpoints.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The duration of the operation ranged from 80 to 250 minutes (mean plus or minus standard deviation; 149 +/- 47) and blood loss from 200 to 2,400 g (836 +/- 651). Four patients (21.8 percent) had postoperative complications and one (5.3 percent) died of postoperative variceal bleeding. Tumor size ranged from 1.0 to 6.0 cm, averaging 3.7 +/- 1.4. A capsule was seen around the tumor in 68.4 percent, daughter nodules in 5.3 percent, and vascular invasion in 31.2 percent. Hepatic cirrhosis was present in 15 patients and chronic hepatitis in four. The 5-year survival rate in all patients was 31.3 percent. The survival rate was significantly better in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma than in those with recurrent tumors (49.2 percent compared with none) because of frequent recurrence in the latter group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resection of the caudate lobe of the liver for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with chronic hepatic disease can be performed safely with a satisfactory long-term result, particularly in patients with primary tumors in this lobe.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Shimane Medical University, Izumo, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagasue
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamanoi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tachibana
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohmori
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D002423:Cause of Death; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors