title: Clinical global impressions in Alzheimer's clinical trials.
abstract: This article reviews the history of Clinical Global Impressions of Change (CGIC) instruments, their use and limitations in clinical trials of Alzheimer's disease, and the development of the National Institute on Aging's Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Clinical Global Impression of Change Scale (ADCS-CGIC). Originally, CGICs were simple and unstructured instruments that asked a clinician to rate change over the duration of a clinical trial. The method, however, failed to consistently detect treatment effects, leading to the development of more structured and subsequently validated approaches, such as the Clinician Interview-Based Impression Scale (CIBI) and the ADCS-CGIC. Both are currently used in clinical trials. The implications and importance of choosing an appropriate global rating are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Olin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration