Pathologic study of an experimental canine arthritis induced with Complete Freund's Adjuvant.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the physiopathological features of an experimental monoarthritis in a canine model.


METHODS
Pathological changes of the femorotibial joints, periarticular tissues and lymphoid organs were investigated by histology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and cytokine bioassays after intra-articular administration of Complete Freund's Adjuvant in dogs.


RESULTS
An edematous acute synovitis with considerable diapedesis of the neutrophilic granulocytes was observed during a primary response. This was followed by a clinical remission, although a multifocal subacute synovitis was noted with inflammatory infiltrates of mononuclear cells (macrophages > CD8 > CD4). Blood CD14 expression was upregulated and the percentage of CD8+ cells was significantly decreased. Two to four weeks post-induction, a decrease in functional impotency (secondary response) and a pyogranulomatous periarthritis with intramuscular extensions were noted. Focal cartilage erosion was due to adherent granulation tissue (CD4 > CD8 > macrophages).


CONCLUSIONS
In this canine model, experimentally induced arthritis was mainly the result of a cell-mediated immune reaction towards a non-identified antigen.
Haak
T
T
Unité associée INRA de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, France.
Delverdier
M
M
Amardeilh
M F
MF
Oswald
I P
IP
Toutain
P L
PL
D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D013585:Synovitis / Q000473:pathology
D015415:Biomarkers; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant