title: Mutational spectra of tamoxifen-induced mutations in the livers of lacI transgenic rats.
abstract: Tamoxifen, an important drug in breast cancer treatment, causes liver cancer in rats. The standard range of in vitro tests have failed to show that it causes DNA damage, but 32P-postlabelling and DNA-binding studies have shown that tamoxifen forms DNA adducts in rat liver. In 1995 a transgenic rat (Big Blue; Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) became available which harbours the bacterial lacI gene, thereby allowing the in vivo study of tamoxifen mutagenesis. Recently, we [Styles JA et al. (1996): Toxicologist 30; 161] showed that tamoxifen caused on increase in the mutation frequency at the lacI gene in these transgenic rats. In this study, we report on our preliminary analysis of the mutational spectra of 33 control and 38 tamoxifen-induced mutant lacI genes. Plasmid DNA containing the lacI gene was isolated from the mutant phages and its DNA sequence determined. In the control animal group, 81% of the mutant lacI genes were point mutations, whilst in the tamoxifen-treated group, 62% of the mutant lacI genes were point mutations. Of the tamoxifen-induced mutants, 43% were GC-->TA transversions and 70% of point mutations. In the control group, GC-->TA transversions were 19% of all mutations and 24% of point mutations. Thus, compared with control animals, tamoxifen treatment had significantly increased the proportion of GC-->TA transversions.
authors.affiliation: MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: V I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Oreffo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bayliss
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Dinh
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lilley
authors.forename: I N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Styles
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000633:toxicity; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D056968:Lac Repressors; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D056968:Lac Repressors; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D013629:Tamoxifen