title: [Drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in The Netherlands].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine magnitude, trend and specific features of the resistance problem.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association, The Hague, the Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data of the National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection concerning the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis during the period 1990-1994 were analysed. Also, features of patients with and without drug resistance were compared (Dutch National Tuberculosis Register: cohort 1993).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Isoniazid and streptomycin resistance were each observed in approximately 6% of susceptibility tests, showing no clear trend over the study period. Rifampicin resistance increased from 0% to 1.5% in 1994. In the 1993 patient cohort, 809 cases were analysed, showing resistant organisms in 103 (13%). The resistance group included 84 (82%) foreigners versus 387 (55%) among the 'sensitives' (p < 0.001). The percentages of (known) HIV infections were equal in both groups (5-6%). The percentage of isoniazid-resistance varied from 1.8% in Dutch patients to 7.8% in foreign patients. Recent immigrants and refugees waiting for official status were important risk groups for resistance (p < 0.005). Foreign tuberculosis patients defaulted more often from treatment than Dutch patients (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Netherlands is mainly due to import of resistant strains. Transmission and further development of resistance within the country must be prevented.
authors.affiliation: Koninklijke Nederlandse Centrale Vereniging tot bestrijding der Tuberculose, Den Haag.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lambregts-van Weezenbeek
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Klingeren
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Veen
mesh_terms: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000494:pharmacology; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid; D013307:Streptomycin