Regulation of angiogenesis in malignant gliomas.
Gliomas are highly resistant to conventional therapeutic measures, requiring the development of novel treatments. Since gliomas are particularly vascular tumors, one approach involves treatments directed at inhibiting angiogenic mechanisms. Although multiple factors contribute to the ultimate vascularization of any tumor, some are especially relevant to gliomas. Early experimental work directed at inhibiting angiogenic pathways has shown promise toward achieving control of tumor growth. This article focuses on the evidence that angiogenesis and related vascular cell responses play important roles in glioma biology, and reviews those biochemical pathways known through experimentation to be involved in the vascular response to gliomas. Finally, contemporary vessel-targeted approaches that have been used to inhibit glioma growth are discussed.
Guerin
C
C
Department of Neurosurgery, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland 20889-5000, USA.
Laterra
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J
D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000502:physiology; D005910:Glioma / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000502:physiology*; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000502:physiology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000502:physiology; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators / Q000502:physiology; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D008222:Lymphokines; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D010450:Endopeptidases; D010960:Plasminogen Activators