title: Short- and long-term regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase in chromaffin cells by VIP and PACAP.
abstract: Whereas cholinergic neurotransmitters are responsible for the release of a substantial portion of the CAs released from rat chromaffin cells by activation of the splanchinc nerves, the present data suggest that noncholinergic neurotransmission appears to play a more substantial role in the short- and long-term homeostatic regulation of TH activity, which serves to maintain the stores of CAs for subsequent release. In addition, studies using the PKA-deficient PC12 cells provided the first direct evidence that PKA actually mediates the phosphorylation of Ser40 in situ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70199, USA. jhayco@lsumc.edu
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Haycock
mesh_terms: D000313:Adrenal Medulla / Q000201:enzymology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D019439:Chromaffin Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C495403:Adcyap1 protein, rat; D009479:Neuropeptides; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase