The role of adhesion and costimulation molecules in graft-versus-host disease.
A cascade of signaling events directs and regulates the trafficking, homing and activation of T lymphocytes after allogeneic transplantation. These adhesion receptors include selectins, integrins and adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Tissue-specific homing receptors direct the tissue-specific trafficking of T lymphocytes. When T cells encounter their antigen(s) presented by MHC molecules on APC, the antigen-specific signal mediated through the T-cell receptor (TCR) needs to be accompanied by additional costimulatory signals for complete T-cell activation to occur. The costimulatory signal determines the outcome of the first signal generated through the TCR, leading to either complete activation, partial activation or to a long-lasting state of antigen-specific unresponsiveness, termed anergy. Complete activation of T cells results in IL-2R (CD25) receptor expression, IL-2 production and T-cell proliferation.
Schlegel
P G
PG
Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305, USA. pgs@popserver.stanford.edu
D000069594:Abatacept; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000494:pharmacology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000502:physiology*; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009928:Organ Specificity; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000637:transplantation
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; C497964:CD86 protein, human; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; C497965:Cd86 protein, mouse; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing; D000069594:Abatacept