title: [The dual effect of ketamine on dopamine release from rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells].
abstract: Ketamine is known to increase arterial pressure and heart rate with its sympathomimetic action. However, it also relaxes vascular smooth muscle and causes hypotension. We studied such a bipartite effect in terms of ketamine induced changes of dopamine (DA) release from rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells as a model of sympathetic nervous system. Without KCl stimulation, ketamine increased the DA release from PC-12 cells in a dose-related fashion (10(-4)M: 2.6 +/- 0.4, 10(-3)M : 7.5 +/- 0.3, 10(-2)M: 27.1 +/- 3.2%). The similar increase of DA release was observed with absence of extracellular Ca2+. Exposure of KCl (50 mM) to PC-12 cells increased the DA efflux from 1.7 +/- 0.4 to 14.2 +/- 0.8% (P < 0.001). The release of DA stimulated by KCl (50 mM) was reduced to 9.0 +/- 1.0% and 11.4 +/- 0.3% in the presence of ketamine 5 x 10(-4)M and 10(-3)M respectively, and increased with the ketamine concentration of 10(-3)M. These findings indicate that ketamine depresses DA efflux related to membrane depolarization (K+) but it promotes a number of spontaneous DA efflux.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okutani
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tashiro
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007649:Ketamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D011189:Potassium Chloride; D007649:Ketamine; D004298:Dopamine