title: Biological activities of the nortropane alkaloid, calystegine B2, and analogs: structure-function relationships.
abstract: Calystegines, polyhydroxy nortropane alkaloids, are a recently discovered group of plant secondary metabolites believed to influence rhizosphere ecology as nutritional sources for soil microorganisms and as glycosidase inhibitors. Evidence is presented that calystegines mediate nutritional relationships under natural conditions and that their biological activities are closely correlated with their chemical structures and stereochemistry. Assays using synthetic (+)- and (-)-enantiomers of calystegine B2 established that catabolism by Rhizobium meliloti, glycosidase inhibition, and allelopathic activities were uniquely associated with the natural, (+)-enantiomer. Furthermore, the N-methyl derivative of calystegine B2 was not catabolized by R. meliloti, and it inhibited alpha-galactosidase, but not beta-glucosidase, whereas the parent alkaloid inhibits both enzymes. This N-methyl analog therefore could serve to construct a cellular or animal model for Fabry's disease, which is caused by a lack of alpha-galactosidase activity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie de la Rhizosphère, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Versailles, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goldmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Message
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tepfer
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Molyneux
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Duclos
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Elbein
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009662:Nortropanes / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D016962:Sinorhizobium meliloti / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012991:Solanaceous Alkaloids; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D000519:alpha-Galactosidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009662:Nortropanes; D012991:Solanaceous Alkaloids; C095613:calystegine B(2); D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D000519:alpha-Galactosidase