title: Identification of regulatory sequences in the promoter of the PDGF B-chain gene in malignant mesothelioma cell lines.
abstract: Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B-chain mRNA is readily detectable in malignant mesothelioma (MM) cell lines, but not in normal mesothelial (NM) cell lines. The high affinity receptor for PDGF B-chain dimers, the PDGF beta-receptor, is expressed in MM cell lines. NM cell lines predominantly express the PDGF alpha-receptor. Coexpression of the PDGF beta-receptor and its ligand may lead to an autocrine growth stimulating loop in the malignant cell type. In nuclear run off experiments, PDGF B-chain mRNA was detectable in MM cells only, indicating an increased level of transcription in this cell type. The proximal promoter of the PDGF B-chain gene contains DNaseI hypersensitive (DH) sites and mediates reporter gene activation in both normal and malignant cells. Nuclear proteins, extracted from both cell types, interact with DNA sequences within the proximal promoter around bp-64 to -61 relative to the transcription start site. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) indicate that these factors are more abundantly present in the malignant than in the normal cell type. A DH site around -9.9 kb was found in both cell types. When tested in CAT assays, this region exerted a stimulatory effect on transcription in malignant cells. The elevated level of transcription of the PDGF B-chain gene in malignant cells may well be the result of interaction of regulatory sites in the proximal promoter and an enhancing element located at -9.9 kb from the transcription start site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Prins
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Langerak
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dirks
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Van der Linden-Van Beurden
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: De Laat
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Bloemers
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Versnel
mesh_terms: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases