title: Responses to arm exercise in patients with compensated heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compares the responses of 20 male patients (mean age 51 +/- 11 years) with stable heart failure during peak and submaximal arm and leg exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  On day 1, subjects completed two symptom-limited graded exercise tests, one with their arms and one with their legs. On day 2, subjects performed arm only and leg only exercise at a matched power output of 30 Watts (W). Ten age-matched healthy subjects served as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During peak arm exercise power output, oxygen consumption (VO2), ventilation, and rate-pressure product were higher in healthy subjects than in patients with heart failure. However, when a subject's peak VO2 or power output during arm exercise was expressed as a percentage of that achieved during peak leg exercise, no significant differences were noted between patients with heart failure and healthy subjects. Among both groups, rate-pressure product, VO2, ventilation, the ventilatory equivalent for O2, and respiratory exchange ratio were all higher when exercising at 30 W with the arms versus 30 W with the legs. Also, in patients with heart failure heart rate was higher (+6 min-1) and stroke volume index lower (-4 mL/m2) during submaximal arm than leg exercise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although peak exercise capacity (Watts, VO2) during arm exercise is lower in patients with heart failure than healthy subjects, when expressed as a percentage of peak leg capacity, the extent of the exercise intolerance they experience during arm exercise does not differ from healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: Henry Ford Heart and Vascular Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Keteyian
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Brawner
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002302:Cardiac Output; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen