title: The clinical efficacy of gamete intrafallopian transfer by minilaparotomy versus in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical performance of gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
  
  
  METHODS
  Infertile women were divided into 2 groups: for GIFT, 239 patients (326 cycles) with at least 1 patent tube; and, for IVF-ET, 125 patients (210 cycles) with bilateral tubal occlusion. A specially designed retractor was developed to replace the gametes into an appropriate section of the Fallopian tube accurately and safely. Several parameters, including the pregnancy and delivery rates of each group, were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The success rate per trial in the GIFT group was approximately 1.5 times higher than that in the IVF group (pregnancy rate: 44.2% vs. 31.0%, p < 0.01; delivery rate: 33.4% vs. 22.9%, p < 0.01). The pregnancy and delivery rates of GIFT decreased steadily with the number of trials. These apparent decreases were not observed up to the 3rd trial in IVF-ET cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GIFT with a minilaparotomy procedure yielded significantly higher success rates than IVF-ET. Accordingly, GIFT is considered to be the first treatment choice in infertility cases with at least 1 patent Fallopian tube.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sayama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motoyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamada
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D015181:Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000628:therapy*; D007813:Laparotomy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome