Peroxisomal beta-oxidation and polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Peroxisomes are capable of oxidizing a variety of substrates including (poly)unsaturated enoyl-CoA esters. The beta-oxidation of unsaturated enoyl-CoA esters in peroxisomes, and also in mitochondria, is not just chain-shortening but also involves the metabolizing of pre-existing carbon-to-carbon double bonds. In addition to the enzymes of the beta-oxidation spiral itself, this metabolism requires the participation of auxiliary enzymes: delta 3, delta 2-enoyl-CoA isomerase; 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase; 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase 2 or 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA epimerase; and delta 3,5 delta 2,4-dienoyl-CoA isomerase. Many of these enzymes are present as isoforms, and can be found located in multiple subcellular compartments, for example, peroxisomes, mitochondria or the endoplasmic reticulum, while some of the activities are integral parts of multifunctional enzymes of beta-oxidation systems.
Hiltunen
J K
JK
Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.
Filppula
S A
SA
Koivuranta
K T
KT
Siivari
K
K
Qin
Y M
YM
Häyrinen
H M
HM
D000818:Animals; D019748:Carbon-Carbon Double Bond Isomerases; D004746:Enoyl-CoA Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D007535:Isomerases / Q000378:metabolism; D008830:Microbodies / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; D019998:Racemases and Epimerases / Q000378:metabolism
D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; C100153:2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase; D004746:Enoyl-CoA Hydratase; D007535:Isomerases; D019998:Racemases and Epimerases; D019748:Carbon-Carbon Double Bond Isomerases; C085575:delta(3,5),delta(2,4)-dienoyl-CoA isomerase