title: Nitrone-based free radical traps as neuroprotective agents in cerebral ischaemia and other pathologies.
abstract: Nitrone-based spin trapping compounds have been shown to protect experimental animals from pathology associated with ischaemia/reperfusion injury, endotoxaemia, natural and accelerated aging, certain xenobiotics, and physical trauma. Moreover, these compounds have an intriguing nootropic action. Nitrones affect pathophysiological correlates in both the central nervous system and peripheral organ systems. These compounds have been shown to affect cellular oxidation state and oxidatively sensitive enzyme systems, but the precise mode of nitrone action has not been elucidated. Recent discoveries regarding the ability of nitrones to suppress gene transcriptional events associated with pathophysiological states, particularly the elaboration of NF kappa B-regulated cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase, argue that nitrones may act at a proximal level to oxidatively sensitive signal amplification systems.
authors.affiliation: Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Department of Free Radical Biology and Aging, Oklahoma City, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hensley
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Carney
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabatabaie
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pye
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Floyd
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019097:Spin Trapping / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; C015388:nitrones