title: Abnormal desmopressin-induced forearm vasodilatation in patients with heart failure: dependence on nitric oxide synthase activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peripheral vasodilatation in response to muscarinic agonists has been shown to be subnormal during heart failure. However, a more recent study suggested that the abnormal muscarinic-induced vasodilatation was not due to abnormal nitric oxide synthase activity. This study was designed to show that nitric oxide synthase contributes to desmopressin-induced forearm vasodilatation and to determine whether vasodilatation mediated by nitric oxide synthase is abnormal during heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Desmopressin (10, 50, and 100 ng/min) was infused into the brachial artery of 10 healthy subjects and eight patients with heart failure, and forearm blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethsymography. Desmopressin responses were then recorded during inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with L-monomethylarginine or after aspirin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In healthy subjects, desmopressin caused a significant (p < 0.001) dose-dependent increase in forearm blood flow of 0.9 +/- 0.6, 4.0 +/- 2.6, and 7.9 +/- 2.6 ml/min/dl, respectively. Desmopressin responses in heart failure of 0.8 +/- 0.6, 1.7 +/- 1.4, and 3.1 +/- 1.0 ml/min/dl were significantly less (p < 0.001) than normal. L-Monomethylarginine reduced desmopressin responses in normal subjects (p < 0.01), and this inhibitory effect was significantly (p < 0.01) greater than in patients with heart failure. Aspirin did not affect desmopressin-induced vasodilatation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nitric oxide synthase contributes to desmopressin-induced forearm vasodilatation. In response to desmopressin, patients with heart failure have subnormal vasodilatation mediated through nitric oxide synthase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Rector
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bank
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Tschumperlin
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Mullen
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kubo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010991:Plethysmography; D012076:Renal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D012076:Renal Agents; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; D001241:Aspirin