title: IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor type I and iNOS gene expression in rat brain vasculature and perivascular areas.
abstract: The mechanism by which IL-1 beta exerts its actions in the brain during systemic inflammation is not fully understood, as neither IL-1 receptor gene expression nor IL-1 binding have been identified in significant levels in key areas that respond to IL-1 beta. Having hypothesized that perivascular nitric oxide (NO) might modulate the effects of systemic IL-1 beta in the brain, we studied the expression of the genes encoding for IL-1 beta, the signal-transducing IL-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) constitutively and during systemic inflammation in vascular and perivascular regions of the rat brain. Our results show that IL-1RI is constitutively expressed at the interface of the vascular wall and perivascular glia. During systemic inflammation there is induction of IL-1 beta gene expression in the vascular wall, accompanied by perivascular induction of iNOS mRNA. We conclude that during systemic inflammation vascular IL-1 beta, binding to vascular and perivascular IL-1RI receptors, may induce perivascular iNOS gene expression, leading to the production of NO and modulation of the effects of IL-1 beta in the brain. We propose that the vascular and peri-vascular induction of iNOS mRNA by IL-1 beta might represent a mechanism for the modulation of the central nervous system effects of peripheral inflammatory mediators.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neuroendocrinology Branch, Intramural Research Program, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1284, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Bongiorno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: al-Shekhlee
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khatri
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Licinio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics*; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase