title: Water intoxication in a patient with the Prader-Willi syndrome treated with desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report on a girl with the Prader-Willi syndrome who received desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis, and water intoxication developed after she ingested a large amount of fluid.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient received 10 mg. desmopressin at bedtime for enuresis. She was hospitalized when a major motor seizure and coma (Glasgow coma scale 8) occurred after ingesting 48 ounces of fluid. Treatment included 3% saline, followed by 5% dextrose in water and sodium chloride given intravenously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum sodium increased to 128 mEq./l. and serum glucose remained normal. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the head were normal and revealed no evidence of cerebral pontine myelinosis. Patient consciousness returned to normal by day 5 after the seizure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients treated with desmopressin the risk of a seizure or altered level of consciousness can be minimized by not ingesting large quantities of fluid. We recommend that patients drink no more than 8 ounces of fluid on any evening that desmopressin is administered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Robson
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagaraj
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Nørgaard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004775:Enuresis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011218:Prader-Willi Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D012076:Renal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014869:Water Intoxication / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D012076:Renal Agents; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin