[Decongestant nasal spray. Results of a rhinomanometric double-blind study].
Between november 1993 and july 1995 60 patients with a common cold underwent randomized and double-blind testing of 3 commercial nasal sprays-benzydamine, xylometazoline combined with the secretolytic S-carboxymethylcysteine, and phenylephrine combined with the antihistaminic dimethindene maleate. After prior active rhinomanometric measurement of the untreated nose, the test substance was applied. The change of nasal patency was registered after 3 and 10 minutes and then after 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours. At the end the patient gave a subjective evaluation of the used spray. There was no change in nasal obstruction following application of NaCl or benzydamine. Xylometazoline/S-carboxymethylcysteine (+87%) or phenylephrine/ dimethindene maleate (+113%) augmented nasal patency within minutes. Using phenylephrine/dimethindene maleate the effect lasted less than 2 hours, while after xylometazoline/S-carboxymethylcysteine decongestion lasted more than 6 hours. The patients also subjectively reported an increase in nasal patency after the use of benzydamine and placebo. But only phenylephrine/ dimethindene maleate or xylometazoline/S-carboxymethylcysteine were judged good. Using benzydamine or phenylephrine + dimethindene maleate, more side-effects (mainly dryness and burning) were mentioned. Considering the subjective assessment of side-effects and duration of action, as well as objective parameters, derivatives of imidazole (oxymetazoline and xylometazoline) are first choice in treatment of the common cold.
Maranta
C A
CA
HNO-Klinik, Kantonsspital Aarau.
Simmen
D
D
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002233:Carbocysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003139:Common Cold / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004115:Dimethindene / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D014663:Nasal Decongestants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009666:Nose / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D007093:Imidazoles; D014663:Nasal Decongestants; D010656:Phenylephrine; D004115:Dimethindene; D002233:Carbocysteine; C009695:xylometazoline