title: Endoscopic pediatric plastic surgery.
abstract: Although the advent of endoscopic technology is expanding the fields of reconstructive and aesthetic surgery in adults, there have been to date no reports of its use in the pediatric population. Because of its minimally invasive nature, yet wide range of exposure, endoscopic techniques have much appeal in this age group. Herein we present our initial experience with endoscopic pediatric plastic surgery. From February 1995 to December 1995, 41 patients were treated utilizing 5-mm and 10-mm endoscopes at Scottish Rite Children's Medical Center, Atlanta, GA. There were 19 males and 22 females. The mean age at surgery was 5.6 years (range, 7 months-15 years). The most common types of procedures performed were insertion of tissue expanders (N = 19), excision of facial dermoids (N = 7), torticollis release (N = 5), and excision of vascular lesions (N = 4). The remaining 6 patients underwent a variety of reconstructive procedures. The complication rate in the tissue expander group was 3 out of 39 expanders inserted (9.5%), and consisted of infection (N = 2) and rupture (N = 1). In the dermoid group, complications consisted of wound infection requiring reoperation (N = 1), and transient frontal paresis (N = 1). One patient in the hemangioma group had an incomplete resection necessitating open excision. The remaining patients all had satisfactory outcomes with no complications. The majority of the procedures were done on an outpatient basis. These results suggest that endoscopic techniques are eminently applicable in the pediatric population, providing the benefits of small and remote incisional wounds with complication rates that are comparable to those of conventional surgical treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Burstein
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Simms
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003884:Dermoid Cyst / Q000601:surgery; D004724:Endoscopy; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000379:methods*; D015625:Tissue Expansion Devices; D014103:Torticollis / Q000601:surgery