title: Interleukin-10 inhibits spontaneous colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage growth from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by suppression of endogenous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor release.
abstract: Spontaneous growth of myeloid colonies (colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage [CFU-GM]) can be observed in methylcellulose cultures containing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MNCs) and is supposedly caused by the release of colony-stimulating factors (CSF) by accessory cells. Because of its cytokine synthesis-inhibiting effects on T lymphocytes and monocytes, interleukin-10 (IL-10) may be a potential candidate for indirect modulation of hematopoiesis. We studied the effect of recombinant human IL-10 (rhIL-10) on spontaneous growth of myeloid colonies derived from human PB-MNCs. A total of 10 ng/mL of IL-10 almost completely inhibited spontaneous CFU-GM proliferation (by 95.1%; P < .001, n = 7) in unseparated PB-MNCs. This effect was dose-dependent and specific, because a neutralizing anti-IL-10 antibody was able to prevent IL-10-induced suppression of CFU-GM growth. Spontaneous CFU-GM growth, which required the presence of both monocytes (CD14+ cells) and T lymphocytes (CD3+ cells), was also greatly suppressed by a neutralizing anti-granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) antibody but was only slightly or not at all inhibited by antibodies against G-CSF or IL-3. Moreover, IL-10-suppressed colony growth could be completely restored by the addition of exogenous GM-CSF. Using semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction, we were able to show that GM-CSF transcripts that spontaneously increased in PB-MNCs within 48 hours of culture were markedly reduced by the addition of IL-10. Inhibiton of GM-CSF production in PB-MNCs by IL-10 was also confirmed at the protein level by measuring GM-CSF levels in suspension cultures. Our findings suggest that autonomous CFU-GM growth, resulting from an interaction of monocytes and T lymphocytes, is mainly caused by endogenous GM-CSF release and can be profoundly suppressed by the addition of exogenous IL-10. Considering the strong inhibitory action of IL-10 on GM-CSF production and spontaneous cell growth in vitro, this cytokine may be useful in myeloid malignancies in which autocrine and/or paracrine mechanisms involving GM-CSF are likely to play a pathogenetic role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Vienna, St Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Austria.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oehler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foedinger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koeller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kollars
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reiter
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bohle
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Skoupy
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fritsch
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lechner
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Geissler
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor