Evaluation of a hypertonic saline-dextran solution for treatment of dogs with shock induced by gastric dilatation-volvulus.
OBJECTIVE
To test the hypothesis that small volumes of hypertonic saline-dextran (HSD) solution can be used to effectively resuscitate dogs in shock induced by gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV), and, compared with administration of large volumes of lactated Ringer's solution (LRS), can be used to limit the overall volume of fluid needed for resuscitation.


METHODS
Prospective, clinical study.


METHODS
15 dogs with GDV-induced shock.


METHODS
Initially, HSD solution (5 ml/kg of body weight) or LRS (60 to 90 ml/kg) was administered. All dogs then received a maintenance administration (20 ml/kg/h) of LRS. Cardiorespiratory, blood gas, and serum biochemical analyses were performed over a 4-hour period after initiation of treatment.


RESULTS
Systolic arterial and central venous pressures and plasma volume increased more rapidly in dogs in the HSD + LRS group. The cumulative dose of fluids administered to dogs in the HSD + LRS group was significantly less than that administered to dogs in the LRS group. Serum sodium and chloride concentrations and osmolality increased significantly in dogs in the HSD + LRS group, but not in dogs in the LRS group. Ventricular arrhythmias were detected in both groups of dogs, but did not appear to be induced by either form of fluid therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
Administration of HSD rapidly restored cardiorespiratory function and induced resuscitation equivalent to administration of large volumes of LRS. Use of HSD solutions to treat dogs in GDV-induced shock may be more efficient than use of isotonic fluids. Administration of HSD solution was not associated with noticeable complications.
Schertel
E R
ER
Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
Allen
D A
DA
Muir
W W
WW
Brourman
J D
JD
DeHoff
W D
WD
D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D003911:Dextrans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013271:Gastric Dilatation / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D012769:Shock / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013277:Stomach Volvulus / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018879:Ventricular Premature Complexes / Q000662:veterinary
D001798:Blood Proteins; D003911:Dextrans; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004573:Electrolytes; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D012709:Serum Albumin