title: Revisiting autoantibody profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To obtain more definitive assays of the spectrum of soluble autoantigens targeted by individual patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to determine whether the autoimmune response is restricted in specificity. Although there are many reports of a broad spectrum of autoantibody specificities in SLE, none has considered the diversity of autoantibody sets, which may more accurately describe the autoimmune response.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sera of 68 patients with SLE were assayed for autoantibodies by ELISA and/or immunoprecipitation. Specificities were grouped into sets, including double stranded (ds) DNA and/or histone, U1 RNP and/or Sm, Ro and/or La, ribosomes, Ku, Ki, and others. An analysis was also performed of reported SLE autoantibody profiles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalences of autoantibody sets included: dsDNA and/or histone, 59%; U1 RNP and/or Sm, 40%; Ro and/or La, 41%; ribosomes, 4.4%; Ku, 4.4%; Ki, 2.9%. On average, autoantibody positive patients had 2-3 autoantibodies (median = 2) and about 2-3 autoantibody sets (median = 2), consistent with a retrospective analysis of past studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immune dysregulation in SLE generally involves a multiplicity of autoantibody specificities. These data further support a model in which global immune dysregulation in SLE leads to organ-nonspecific autoimmunity against particular ubiquitous autoantigens.
authors.affiliation: Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Olhoffer
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Craft
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D000939:Epitopes