title: [Obstructive azoospermia. Instrumental diagnosis: echography and endoscopy].
abstract: Obstructive disorders of seminal tract are mainly distinguished in Proximal and Distal Obstructive Syndrome, following typical seminal pattern. Fine localization of obstruction is very important for prognostic and therapeutic evaluation. In Proximal Obstruction the role of echography and endoscopy is today poorly defined and usefull. In Distal Obstruction a preeminent role is recognised to transrectal ultrasound and its mini-invasive applications: biopsy, evacuative puncture, direct contrastography of obstructed seminal way. At this regard is reported a case of dysmorphic congenital obstruction documented with transrectal ultrasound and contrastography. Diagnostic endoscopic indications mainly refer to therapeutic procedures.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Urologia, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Giovanni Battista, Torino.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ferrando
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paradiso
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morabito
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uberti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Formiconi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cucchiarale
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000002:abnormalities*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D012661:Semen; D014463:Ultrasonography