title: Local Ca2+ release from internal stores controls exocytosis in pituitary gonadotrophs.
abstract: Exocytosis and the cell-averaged cytosolic [Ca2+], [Ca2+]i, were tracked in single gonadotrophs. Cells released 100 granules/s at 1 microM = [Ca2+]i when gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) activated IP3-mediated Ca2+ release from internal stores, but only 1 granule/s when [Ca2+]i was raised uniformly to 1 microM by other means. Strong exocytosis was then seen only at higher [Ca2+]i (half-maximal at 16 microM). Parallel second messengers did not contribute to GnRH-induced exocytosis, because IP3 alone was as effective as GnRH, and because even GnRH failed to trigger rapid exocytosis when the [Ca2+]i rise was blunted by EGTA. When [Ca2+]i was released from stores, exocytosis depended on [Ca2+]i rising rapidly, as if governed by Ca2+ flux into the cytosol. We suggest that IP3 releases Ca2+ selectively from subsurface cisternae, raising [Ca2+] near exocytic sites 5-fold above the cell average.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hille
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horstmann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Almers
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005029:Ethylenediamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D005089:Exocytosis; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010782:Photolysis; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D002614:Chelating Agents; D005029:Ethylenediamines; C057014:DM-nitrophen; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D002118:Calcium