title: Tumour necrosis factor and interferon are selectively cytostatic in vitro for hormone-dependent and hormone-independent human breast cancer cells.
abstract: Since experimental studies have shown that tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) has potent anti-tumour activity that can be potentiated with cytokines, we tested the efficacy of TNF-alpha with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on different human breast cancer cell lines, particularly comparing hormone-dependent and -independent phenotypes. TNF-alpha inhibited the growth of hormone-dependent human MCF-7, ZR-75-1 and T47-D breast cancer cells with a half maximal concentration of 0.25 nM. In contrast, the growth of hormone-independent cells MDA-MB-231 and HS578T was not affected by TNF-alpha alone, but a synergistic inhibition was observed when using IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha together. The mRNA for the proto-oncogene C-MYC, as an intracellular indicator of cell activation, was significantly increased in MCF-7 cells in the presence of TNF-alpha. In MDA-MB-231 cells this mRNA was increased only in the presence of both TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, without a change in the number of surface TNF receptors. These findings indicate that TNF-alpha treatment in combination with IFN-gamma may provide a successful approach to overcome the cellular heterogeneity of advanced breast tumours.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry-Endocrinology Laboratory, University Clinics Medical School, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Flury
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scheidegger
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eppenberger
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D016259:Genes, myc; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma