Distinct costimulatory molecules are required for the induction of effector and memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
A successful T cell immune response has two major products: effector T cells which directly or indirectly remove the antigens, and memory T cells, which allow a faster and more efficient recall response when challenged by related antigens. An important issue is whether costimulatory molecules on the antigen-presenting cells are involved in determining whether T cells will differentiate into effector or memory cells after antigenic stimulation. To address this issue, we have produced mice with targeted mutations of either the heat-stable antigen (HSA), or both HSA and CD28. We show that CD28/B7 and HSA provide two alternative costimulatory pathways for induction of immunological memory to influenza virus. Furthermore, our results revealed that B7 is essential for the generation of effector T cells from either naive or memory T cells, while HSA is not necessary for the generation of effector T cells. Our results demonstrate that the induction of memory T cells and effector T cells can utilize distinct costimulatory molecules. These results have important implications on lineage relationship between effector and memory T cells.
Liu
Y
Y
Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016, USA.
Wenger
R H
RH
Zhao
M
M
Nielsen
P J
PJ
D000818:Animals; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009154:Mutation; D051381:Rats; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D018122:B7-1 Antigen