title: Patterns and correlates of supervision in child pedestrian injury. The Kids 'N' Cars Research Team.
abstract: Described supervision in 142 child pedestrian injuries (PI), based on presence and proximity of supervisors and/or peers. Children (5-12 years), families, sites, and PI events were described via record reviews, interviews, questionnaires, and site investigation. Supervision of PI victims varied with family size and cohesion, and with children's age, self-help skills, nearness to home, and activity (playing or journey). Peer presence was associated with more impulsive behavior among supervised (but not among unsupervised) PI victims. Definitions of supervision parameters offered here can aid research on the complex relationship between supervision and PI risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Illinois 60626, USA.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Wills
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Christoffel
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Lavigne
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Tanz
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Schofer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donovan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kalangis
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002641:Chicago / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002654:Child Care; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting; D012307:Risk Factors; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*