title: Cerebellar infarction and atrophy in infants and children with a history of premature birth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We wished to determine the pattern of cerebellar disease in children with a history of premature birth and early ultrasound evidence of intraventricular haemorrhage and/or parenchymal lesions of the cerebral hemispheres.
  
  
  METHODS
  MRI findings for all premature infants examined in a 3-year period (73 patients) were reviewed to determine the nature and frequency of lesions of the cerebellum and the results were correlated with clinical data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six cases of unilateral cerebellar infarction were identified. These involved the posterior inferior cerebellar territory in each case (as well as other territories in two cases). A case of generalised cerebellar atrophy and three cases of unilateral cerebellar hemisphere atrophy were identified as well. In nine of these ten cases abnormalities were also seen elsewhere in the brain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The literature describes cerebellar infarction in infants and children as rare, but this study shows that it is not unusual following perinatal haemorrhagic/ischaemic anoxic injury. It is suggested that cerebellar atrophy may also occur as a result of vascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mercuri
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Curati
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dubowitz
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Bydder
mesh_terms: D001158:Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D001284:Atrophy; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications; D002526:Cerebellar Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000150:complications; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography