The utility of novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and expectancy in the prediction of drinking.
To test the hypothesis that two temperament scales (Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance) are differentially related to alcohol expectancies and drinking patterns, 140 adolescents from an inpatient psychiatric facility completed several self-report questionnaires measuring temperament, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol consumption. Moderated multiple regression analyses indicated that Novelty Seeking was significantly related to frequency of drinking and problem drinking, but that Harm Avoidance was not related to these variables. Results of the MANOVA indicated that high novelty seeking and low harm avoidant (Type 2) individuals had a significantly higher frequency of drinking than did individuals who were high on Harm Avoidance and low on Novelty Seeking (Type 1). Results also showed that expectancy and Novelty Seeking contributed significant independent and overlapping variance in the prediction of amount of drinking. Although Novelty Seeking was related to expectations of social functioning, other hypothesized relationships between temperament and expectancy were not supported.
Galen
L W
LW
Wayne State University, Department of Psychology, USA.
Henderson
M J
MJ
Whitman
R D
RD
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000298:Adolescent, Hospitalized / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004924:Escape Reaction; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D013694:Temperament / Q000145:classification*