title: Gadopentetate dimeglumine and iodinated contrast media. Hemodynamic side effects after bolus injections in pigs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of bolus injections of contrast media containing gadolinium for magnetic resonance imaging and their potential use as x-ray absorbents require the evaluation of possible cardiovascular side effects. The hemodynamic reactions of high doses (0.6 mmol/ kg) of gadopentetate dimeglumine (gadolinium [Gd]-DTPA, Magnevist) were evaluated and compared with the side effects of ionic (diatrizoate: Urografin 76%) and nonionic (iopamidol, Solutrast 370) radiographic contrast media.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 18 pigs, pressure and flow of the systemic and pulmonary circulation were monitored after intracardiac bolus injections (2-4 seconds) of dose volumes of 1.2 mL/kg of each contrast agent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All contrast media decreased the aortic pressure transiently (Gd-DTPA and diatrizoate: -25%, iopamidol: -10%; P < 0.01). Pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output, and stroke volume increased for several minutes. The vascular resistance declined. Diatrizoate induced stronger and longer-lasting side effects (P < 0.01) than Gd-DTPA and iopamidol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite of similar osmolality, Gd-DTPA induced weaker side effects than equivolumetric applications of diatrizoate. Other than osmolality, other factors such as viscosity and chemotoxicity influence the side effects of contrast media.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kuhtz-Buschbeck
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ehrhardt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Köhnlein
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Radtke
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heintzen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003973:Diatrizoate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D007267:Injections; D007479:Iopamidol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008536:Meglumine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D003973:Diatrizoate; D008536:Meglumine; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D005682:Gadolinium; D007479:Iopamidol; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA