title: Drug reservoir composition and transport of salmon calcitonin in transdermal iontophoresis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the work was to study iontophoretic transdermal administration of salmon calcitonin (sCt) in rabbits, with particular attention to drug reservoir composition. A dry sCt disc, to be dissolved on the application site, was used for preparing the reservoir for transdermal iontophoresis. As a reference drug reservoir, a pad wetted with drug solution was used.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experiments were done in rabbits depositing 100 IU of salmon calcitonin on skin and applying anodal iontophoresis. Serum calcium concentration was measured during iontophoresis, passive diffusion and after i.v. administration. Parameters such as pH value and reservoir type were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transdermal iontophoresis of sCt elicited a decrease in the serum calcium level, whereas, in the absence of electric current, no significant fall was measured. Using the reservoir prepared from drug solution, anodal iontophoresis at pH 4.2 was more effective than at pH 7.4, probably due to higher sCt net positive charge. Using the reservoir prepared from dry disc, similar kinetics and extent of drug effect were observed at both pH values. The reservoir prepared from solid drug deposit concentrated sCt next to the skin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anodal iontophoresis for transdermal calcitonin administration shows therapeutical applicability. The type of reservoir is an important parameter affecting sCt transdermal iontophoresis.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Department, University of Parma, Italy. santipat@ipruniv.cce.unipr.it
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Santi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bettini
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Catellani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minutello
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Volpato
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007478:Iontophoresis / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: C028815:salmon calcitonin; D002116:Calcitonin; D002118:Calcium