title: The IRS-2 gene on murine chromosome 8 encodes a unique signaling adapter for insulin and cytokine action.
abstract: Signal transduction by insulin and IGF-1, several interleukins (IL-2, IL-4, IL-9, IL-13), interferons, GH, and other cytokines involves IRS proteins, which link the receptors for these factors to signaling molecules with Src homology-2 domains (SH2-proteins). We recently reported the amino acid sequence of murine IRS-2; in order to examine a potential genetic role for this molecule in disease, we isolated the murine IRS-2 gene and compared the expression pattern of IRS-2 against IRS-1. Like IRS-1, IRS-2 is encoded by a single exon. Whereas IRS-1 is located on murine chromosome 1, IRS-2 is located on murine chromosome 8 near the insulin receptor. IRS-2 is expressed together with IRS-1 in many cells and tissues; however, IRS-2 predominates in murine hematopoietic cells where it may be essential for cytokine signaling; IRS-1 predominates in adipocytes and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells where it contributes to the normal insulin response. In 32D cells, IRS-1 and IRS-2 undergo differential tyrosine phosphorylation during insulin or IL-4 stimulation, as assessed indirectly by interaction with various recombinant SH2 domains. Thus, signaling specificity through the IRS proteins may be accomplished by specific expression patterns and distinct phosphorylation patterns during interaction with various activated receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
authors.forename: X J
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pons
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yenush
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Burks
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Glasheen
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Copeland
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002875:Chromosomes; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C526295:Irs1 protein, mouse; C526298:Irs2 protein, mouse; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D014443:Tyrosine