Binding of the synaptic vesicle v-SNARE, synaptotagmin, to the plasma membrane t-SNARE, SNAP-25, can explain docked vesicles at neurotoxin-treated synapses.
Neurotransmitter release requires the specific docking of synaptic vesicles to the presynaptic plasma membrane followed by a calcium-triggered fusion event. Herein we report a previously unsuspected interaction of the synaptic vesicle protein and likely calcium sensor synaptotagmin with the plasma membrane t-SNARE SNAP-25. This interaction appears to resolve the apparent paradox that synaptic vesicles are capable of docking even when VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein) or syntaxin is cleaved or deleted and suggests that two species of v-SNAREs (VAMP and synaptotagmin) and two species of t-SNAREs (SNAP-25 and syntaxin) interact to functionally dock synaptic vesicles.
Schiavo
G
G
Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Stenbeck
G
G
Rothman
J E
JE
Söllner
T H
TH
D000818:Animals; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002417:Cattle; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals; D050765:Qa-SNARE Proteins; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050600:SNARE Proteins; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism; D050825:Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; D050857:Synaptotagmins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins
D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D050765:Qa-SNARE Proteins; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D050600:SNARE Proteins; D050825:Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D050857:Synaptotagmins; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; C096326:botulinum toxin type E