[Genotoxic effect of formaldehyde in somatic human cells in vivo].
The genotoxic effect of formaldehyde (F) (chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes, micronucleated cells in buccal mucosa) was studied in workers manufacturing nitrogen fertilizer and exposed to F at concentrations exceeding maximum permissible ones for a working area (group 1); in workers at the Department of Normal Anatomy who handle moist anatomical preparations (group 2); and in students who attended anatomy lessons once (group 3). A pronounced F cytotoxic effect was found in groups 1 and 2. In lymphocytes obtained from individuals of group 1, in which frequency of chromosome aberrations exceeded the control level fourfold, metaphase plates were revealed only after 72 h of cultivation. A similar reduction of the statmokinetic index and an increase in chromosomal aberrations were observed after in vitro F treatment of lymphocytes. In groups 2 and 3, a four- to fivefold excess of micronucleated cells was found in buccal mucosa. In students, the number of micronucleated cells remained higher both 24 and 48 h after they handled moist formaline preparations in anatomy class for 40 min.
Kitaeva
L V
LV
Mikheeva
E A
EA
Shelomova
L F
LF
Shvartsman
P Ia
PIa
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012307:Risk Factors
D005557:Formaldehyde