title: The effect of universal coverage on health expenditures for the uninsured.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Universal coverage will trigger an increase in health-care spending, because the uninsured will use more services after they are insured. The effect of insurance status on expenditures is estimated here from a multivariate statistical model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The model is estimated with data from the 1987 National Medical Expenditure Survey, aged to 1994 using population projections from the US Bureau of the Census and expenditure projections from the Health Care Financing Administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expenditures for the full-year uninsured increase by approximately $700 per person in 1994 as a result of universal coverage. Nearly half of the increase is because of a substantial increase in the likelihood of hospitalization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If the uninsured are enrolled in plans similar to those offered by employers currently, personal health-care spending increases by approximately $20 billion in 1994. There are other costs associated with universal coverage that are not included in this figure.
authors.affiliation: Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Short
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Beauregard
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Wilets
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000191:economics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D018166:Health Care Reform / Q000191:economics*; D005102:Health Expenditures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006304:Health Status; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008489:Medical Indigency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D014481:United States; D019472:Universal Health Insurance