title: Geometric analysis of occlusal plane orientation using simulated ear-rod facebow transfer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ear-rod facebow techniques may position casts high or low between the upper and lower members on the articulator when using orbitale or nasion as anterior reference positions. This study assessed the effect of changing the anterior reference position on simulated mountings utilizing simulated ear-rod facebow.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tracings from latoral cephalographs made on seven subjects were superimposed with an outline model of a semiadjustable articulator. Three simulated mountings were performed for each subject in which the plane of occlusion was positioned (1) high, (2) midway, and (3) approaching the lower member (low). Maxillary and mandibular occlusal planes representing intercuspal position were determined from the cephalographs and positioned on the articulator model in a simulated centric relation position for each mounting. Condylar guidance was determined from a simulated protrusive position.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of the three mounting positions demonstrated no change in intercuspal position within subjects; however, angles formed between upper member and condylar guidance were 14.9% smaller for the mid-distance mounting, 42.9% smaller for the high mounting, and 13.4% higher for the low mounting positions when compared with a standard Frankfort horizontal plane reference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cephalographs showed extreme variability in the position of the ear piece to bony structures of the skull, but this deviation appeared to be compensated by a change in the horizontal condylar guidance relative to mounting. Results also suggest that casts may be mounted in a convenient mid-position for routine articulation.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio, School of Dentistry, TX, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: dos Santos Júnior
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nummikoski
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D003725:Dental Articulators; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D007574:Jaw Relation Record; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000502:physiology