title: Transcatheter occlusion of the patent ductus arteriosus with Cook detachable coils.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report initial experience with a new occlusion device for native and residual patent ductus arteriosus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive study of consecutive non-randomised patients undergoing a new method of patent ductus arteriosus closure with detachable coils.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary centres for paediatric cardiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  71 consecutive patients, aged 1.2-22 years, with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) underwent elective transcatheter closure. 45 had native PDAs (group A) with a minimum diameter of 1.0 mm-5.0 mm (median 2.0 mm). A further 26 had undergone one or more previous occlusion attempts (group B).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 133 detachable (Cook) spring coils were successfully implanted in 70 patients. The procedure was performed transvenously in 51 patients, retrograde arterially in 13, and by both routes in a further 6 patients. One 5 mm coil migrated but was successfully retrieved.
  
  
  METHODS
  In group A colour flow Doppler echocardiography showed that complete occlusion was achieved in 40/45 (89%) at 24 hours, 41/45 (91%) at 1 month, and 44/45 (98%) by 6 months post procedure. Occlusion rates in residual PDAs were 22/25 (88%) occluded at 24 hours, 23/25 (92%) at 1 month, and 24/25 (96%) at 6 months follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transcatheter occlusion using detachable (Cook) spring coils is a safe and effective alternative to presently available devices. The delivery system allows full retrieval of the coil until a satisfactory position is obtained.
authors.affiliation: Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tometzki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Peart
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sreeram
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Abdulhamed
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Godman
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kitchiner
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Bu'Lock
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male