title: Venous levels of lignocaine and bupivacaine after peribulbar block.
abstract: Twenty-five patients undergoing elective cataract day surgery were studied after receiving a dual-injection peribulbar block with a mixture consisting of equal volumes of 2% lignocaine and 0.75% bupivacaine with hyaluronidase. A maximum of 10 ml of solution was used for the initial block; supplementary injections of up to 10 ml were given to five patients. Venous blood was taken prior to the block and then 1, 10, 20, 30, 60 and 90 min after the block. The peak mean concentrations of lignocaine (0.722 microgram.ml-1) and bupivacaine (0.353 microgram.ml-1) were found at 10-20 min after injection when no top-up was given and at 10 min after the top-up injection when required. All measured serum concentrations of lignocaine and bupivacaine were below the accepted toxic levels of the two drugs. However, the highest individual toxicity score after a top-up was 0.915 which was very close to the toxicity threshold (= 1) when a scoring system was used to assess the combined levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthetics, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Budd
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000097:blood* / Q000633:toxicity; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000097:blood* / Q000633:toxicity; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000097:blood* / Q000633:toxicity; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000097:blood* / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D002045:Bupivacaine