Metabolic inactivation of cytochrome P4502B1 by phencyclidine: immunochemical and radiochemical analyses of the protective effects of glutathione.
Phencyclidine (PCP) inactivates the 7-ethoxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin O-deethylase activity of P4502B1 in a reconstituted system containing NADPH-cytochrome P450 (P450) reductase (reductase) and L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine, dilauroyl in a time-, concentration-, and NADPH-dependent manner. Catalytic activity of the enzyme could not be restored upon reconstitution with fresh reductase, indicating that the effect was on the P450 and not on the reductase. Although the kinetics suggested that PCP would be classified as a classical mechanism-based inactivator, protection against inactivation of P450 by PCP by the presence of an exogenous nucleophile, such as glutathione (GSH), indicated otherwise. There was no loss of spectrally detectable P450 associated with inactivation either in the presence or absence of GSH. When radiolabeled PCP was used to inactivate the enzyme and the reaction mixture analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, radioactivity was found to be associated with P450, reductase, and catalase that had been added to protect against oxidative damage. When GSH was included in the reaction mixtures, analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated a marked decrease in the binding to all three proteins. Correspondingly, analysis of the components of the inactivated sample by reversed-phase HPLC demonstrated that radioactivity was associated with P450, reductase, and catalase, and that there was a marked decrease in the labeling of all three proteins in the presence of GSH. The stoichiometry of binding of radiolabeled PCP to the proteins in the incubation mixture in the absence of GSH was 4:1. In the presence of GSH, no significant amount of radioactivity was incorporated into the proteins. An anti-PCP metabolite antibody was used to detect PCP metabolite adducts bound to the inactivated enzyme by Western blot analysis. The antibody recognized adducts bound to P450, reductase, and catalase. In the presence of GSH, there was a decrease in immunoreactivity, although binding of PCP to all three proteins was still detected. Because the added nucleophile protects against inactivation and protein labeling by PCP, these data suggest that the reactive intermediate may escape from the active site and attack other sites on the P450, as well as other proteins in the milieu.
Sharma
U
U
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, USA.
Roberts
E S
ES
Kent
U M
UM
Owens
S M
SM
Hollenberg
P F
PF
D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009249:NADP; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
D000906:Antibodies; D006213:Hallucinogens; D009249:NADP; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1; D005978:Glutathione; D010622:Phencyclidine