title: A pilot evaluation of the EMBU Scale in Japan and the USA.
abstract: Cultural differences in parental attitudes and child-rearing practices among European countries have been demonstrated in previous studies using a scale for assessment of memories of upbringing (the EMBU). In this pilot study we evaluated the EMBU in two previously unstudied populations: a culturally homogeneous sample from Japan (n = 105) and a culturally mixed sample from Southern California (n = 73). The results suggest that, compared to European parents, Japanese parents are more emotionally distant from their children, while the Southern Californians as a group scored similarly to the Europeans. Further studies are needed in order to establish the EMBU as a transcultural tool for assessment of parental rearing behaviour.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mental Health/Beijing Medical University, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Someya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reist
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002140:California; D002648:Child; D002668:Child Rearing; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010553:Personality Development; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results