title: Quadruple immunofluorescence: a direct visualization method.
abstract: We describe fluorescence immunostaining of four different antigens in the same section. The fluorochrome conjugates used show highest emission in the blue, green, yellow, and red regions of the visible light spectrum, respectively. Specially designed single fluorochrome filter combinations allow selective visualization of each fluorochrome label in turn, without visible crosstalk with the others.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Gaudio
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Castello
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giro
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002232:Carbocyanines; D002417:Cattle; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct / Q000379:methods*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D012235:Rhodamines; D013552:Swine; D014148:Tranexamic Acid
chemical_list: D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D012235:Rhodamines; C089187:cyanine dye 3; C085321:cyanine dye 5; C009434:tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate; D014148:Tranexamic Acid; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate