title: A novel approach to assessing the drug susceptibility and replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drug susceptibility testing is often curtailed because such testing is expensive and time consuming. A colorimetric tetrazolium dye method previously used for high-throughput antiviral drug screening was adapted to assess the susceptibility of 16 HIV-1 isolates to zidovudine, didanosine, lamivudine, and nevirapine in MT-2 cells. Cell viability was assessed colorimetrically, and all measurements and calculations were automated. Each HIV-1 isolate was tested in > or = 5 assays to determine the reproducibility of the assay in HIV-1 isolates with known reverse-transcriptase mutations. The drug susceptibility of several mutant HIV-1 strains whose drug susceptibilities had not previously been well defined was also determined. Data on HIV-1 replication from the susceptibility assays indicated that some mutant HIV-1 isolates may have been less cytopathic in MT-2 cells than wild type HIV-1 isolates.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Jellinger
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Merigan
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000382:microbiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017354:Point Mutation; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C059087:2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase