title: Platelet activation with massive formation of thromboxane A2 during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hypoxia and ischemia cause endothelial cell damage with consequent platelet activation. The hypothesis that human cardiac arrest accelerates platelet activation and the formation of prostanoids was tested.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, observational cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Emergency Department and general Intensive Care Unit in a city hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Basic and advanced life support.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The patients were classified into two groups, those who were resuscitated (n = 18) and those who died (n = 29).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serial levels of platelet aggregation, thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 11-dehydro-TXB2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) were measured. The results of measurements and demographic data were compared between the groups. Platelet counts decreased at the end of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the decrease of the platelet counts showed statistical significance especially in the patients who died (p < 0.001). Platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate, epinephrine and collagen decreased to the lower limits of normal during and after CPR. Although high values of TXB2 and 11-dehydro-TXB2 continued throughout the study period in the resuscitated patients, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha decreased to the normal range (22.7 +/- 3.6 pg.ml-1. p < 0.05 at -24 h after arrival at the Emergency Department.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Platelet activation with the massive formation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) occurs in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Successful resuscitation is not associated with the balanced production of PGI2 against the TXA2 formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Sapporo City General Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gando
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kameue
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nanzaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015539:Platelet Activation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011460:Prostaglandins F / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology*; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D011460:Prostaglandins F; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D015237:Dinoprost