title: Statistical methods in the Fourier domain to enhance and classify images.
abstract: A mathematical model, for which rigorous methods of statistical inference are available, is described and techniques for image enhancement and linear discriminant analysis of groups are developed. Since the gray values of neighboring pixels in tomographically produced medical images are spatially correlated, the calculations are carried out in the Fourier domain to insure statistical independence of the variables. Furthermore, to increase the power of statistical tests the known spatial covariance was used to specify constraints in the spectral domain. These methods were compared to statistical procedures carried out in the spatial domain. Positron emission tomography (PET) images of alcoholics with organic brain disorders were compared by these techniques to age-matched normal volunteers. Although these techniques are employed to analyze group characteristics of functional images, they provide a comprehensive set of mathematical and statistical procedures in the spectral domain that can also be applied to images of other modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Rio
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Rawlings
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kerich
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Momenan
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Eckardt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008432:Mathematical Computing; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed