title: Intussusception in cattle: 336 cases (1964-1993).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate risk factors and to describe clinical and laboratory findings, surgical management, and postoperative outcome for cattle with intussusception.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital-based, case-control epidemiologic study and retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of cattle admitted to 17 veterinary medical teaching hospitals in North America.
  
  
  METHODS
  Epidemiologic analysis of demographic data and detailed analysis of medical records for selected cattle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  336 cattle with intussusception were identified, 281 had small intestinal, 7 had ileocolic, 12 had cecocolic, and 36 had colocolic intussusceptions. Sex and season were not significantly associated with cattle developing intussusception, whereas calves < 2 months old were at greater risk of developing small intestinal intussusception than older cattle. Analysis of medical records of 57 cattle with intussusception revealed that these cattle were mildly hyponatremic, hypochloremic, hypocalcemic, azotemic, and hyperglycemic. Right flank laparotomy with a cow in a standing position, followed by intestinal resection and end-to-end anastomosis was the most common means of surgical correction. Overall survival rate (20/57; 35%) and postoperative survival rate (20/46; 43%) for cattle with intussusception were much lower than previously reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although rare in cattle, intussusception was most common in calves < 2 months old. Survival rate for cattle treated for intussusception was low (< 50%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana 61501, USA.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Constable
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: St Jean
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rings
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006762:Hospitals, Animal; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D007443:Intussusception / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D011996:Records / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome