title: Accidental radiation injury to the hand: anatomical and physiological considerations.
abstract: A case study describing an accident in Mexico caused by failure to de-energize an x-ray spectrometer prior to repair is presented. The evolution, medical management, and outcome of the radiation injury to the hand are briefly reviewed. A discussion follows, with radiation injury and thermal burns compared and contrasted. The anatomy and physiology of thick skin and the vascular system of the hand are reviewed so that the reader will have a better understanding of the role of vascular injury in the pathological process that leads to tissue atrophy and radiation necrosis. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, sympathectomy, and other techniques for improving circulation in involved areas are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hurtado
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dunlap
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mutchinick
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Tostado
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Tostado
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valenzuela
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Ricks
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006225:Hand / Q000098:blood supply / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D008297:Male; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D018788:Radioactive Hazard Release; D011855:Radiodermatitis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission / Q000295:instrumentation