title: Leptospirosis on Oahu: an outbreak among military personnel associated with recreational exposure.
abstract: In December 1992, a common-source waterborne outbreak of leptospirosis occurred on the island of Oahu in the state of Hawaii. Two male service persons were hospitalized with culture-confirmed leptospirosis. Eighteen others had similar histories of exposure to the same freshwater swimming site. Although six men developed signs and symptoms comparable to those of the two confirmed cases, none manifested culture or serologic evidence of leptospirosis. The increased incidence of leptospirosis in Hawaii coupled with an increased risk in young males characterize the military population in Hawaii as a high-risk population with respect to leptospirosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Hawall, Honolulu 96822, USA.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mumm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Escamilla
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006254:Hawaii / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D012307:Risk Factors; D013550:Swimming