title: Carnosine is a novel peptide modulator of intracellular calcium and contractility in cardiac cells.
abstract: Myocardial contractile failure is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with ischemic heart disease and systemic inflammatory states such as sepsis. Accumulating evidence indicates that contractile failure is associated with dysregulation of myoplasmic calcium levels. In a search for biochemical causes for contractile dysfunction, we found that the dipeptide carnosine improves cardiac contractility and tested the possibility that carnosine plays a role in the regulation of intracellular calcium. Carnosine increased contractility in a dose-dependent manner (1-10 mM) in isolated perfused rat hearts. and it also increased free intracellular calcium levels in isolated myocytes. Carnosine increased myocyte tension via calcium release from the ryanodine receptor calcium release channel in skinned myocardial fibers and increased open-state probability and dwell time of the isolated ryanodine receptor calcium release channel in lipid bilayers. In addition. we report that carnosine sensitizes the contractile proteins so calcium. These results suggest a novel role for carnosine as a modulator of intracellular calcium and contractility in cardiac tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Zaloga
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zapata-Sudo
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Sudo
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002336:Carnosine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006652:Histological Techniques; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D002336:Carnosine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D002118:Calcium