title: A region of mouse chromosome 16 is syntenic to the DiGeorge, velocardiofacial syndrome minimal critical region.
abstract: DGS and VCFS, haploinsufficiencies characterized by multiple craniofacial and cardiac abnormalities, are associated with a microdeletion of chromosome 22q11.2. Here we document synteny between a 150-kb region on mouse chromosome 16 and the most commonly deleted portion of 22q11.2. Seven genes, all of which are transcribed in the early mouse embryo, have been identified. Of particular interest are two serine/threonine kinase genes and a novel goosecoid-like homeobox gene (Gscl). Comparative sequence analysis of a 38-kb segment reveals similarities in gene content, order, exon composition, and transcriptional direction. Therefore, if deletion of these genes results in DGS/VCFS in humans, then haploinsufficiencies involving this region of chromosome 16 should recapitulate the developmental field defects characteristic of this syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. galili@wista.wistar.upenn.edu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Galili
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Roe
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Emanuel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mickanin
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Budarf
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Buck
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004062:DiGeorge Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: C512747:Gsc2 protein, mouse; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins