title: Compensatory regulation of RIalpha protein levels in protein kinase A mutant mice.
abstract: The cAMP-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme is assembled from regulatory (R) and catalytic (C) subunits that are expressed in tissue-specific patterns. Despite the dispersion of the R and C subunit genes to different chromosomal loci, mechanisms exist that coordinately regulate the intracellular levels of R and C protein such that cAMP-dependent regulation is preserved. We have created null mutations in the RIbeta and RIIbeta regulatory subunit genes in mice, and find that both result in an increase in the level of RIalpha protein in tissues that normally express the beta isoforms. Examination of RIalpha mRNA levels and the rates of RIalpha protein synthesis in wild type and RIIbeta mutant mice reveals that the mechanism of this biochemical compensation by RIalpha does not involve transcriptional or translational control. These in vivo findings are consistent with observations made in cell culture, where we demonstrate that the overexpression of Calpha in NIH 3T3 cells results in increased RIalpha protein without increases in the rate of RIalpha synthesis or the level of RIalpha mRNA. Pulse-chase experiments reveal a 4-5-fold increase in the half-life of RIalpha protein as it becomes incorporated into the holoenzyme. Compensation by RIalpha stabilization may represent an important biological mechanism that safeguards cells from unregulated catalytic subunit activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7750, USA.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Amieux
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Motamed
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Brandon
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Wailes
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Idzerda
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: McKnight
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000201:enzymology; D000818:Animals; D054756:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIalpha Subunit; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis
chemical_list: D054756:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIalpha Subunit; C517835:Prkar1a protein, mouse; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases