title: Stinging insect hypersensitivity in children.
abstract: In the past two decades, many advances have been made in the treatment of patients with insect venom sensitivity. An effective treatment (venom immunotherapy) has been developed and indications for therapy refined. In the past year, reports concerning fatal toxic reactions to multiple stings, Africanized ("killer") bees, bumblebee venom allergy and treatment, and reactions to fire ant stings have been published. Papers have also appeared on the use of sting challenges in the diagnostic evaluation of insect sting allergy, laboratory investigations of the mechanism of action of venom immunotherapy, and the outcome of discontinuing venom treatment after 5 years in insect-allergic patients.
authors.affiliation: Park Nicollet Clinic, HealthSystem Minnesota, Minneapolis 55416-2699, USA.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Graft
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001180:Arthropod Venoms / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic; D006801:Humans; D006927:Hymenoptera; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001180:Arthropod Venoms