title: Src activation in malignant and premalignant epithelia of Barrett's esophagus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The neoplastic progression of Barrett's esophagus (BE) may involve genomic instability, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, or activation of oncogenes. Because activation of Src tyrosine kinase occurs in malignant and premalignant epithelia of the colon, the aim of this study was to determine whether BE is associated with changes in Src expression and activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Src expression and in vitro protein-tyrosine kinase activity in endoscopic tissue samples of BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma were measured and compared with expression and activity in normal esophagus and duodenum from the same patient. Src phosphorylation was assessed by immunoblotting using antiphosphotyrosine antibodies and two-dimensional tryptic phosphopeptide mapping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Src-specific activity was 3-4 fold higher in BE and 6-fold higher in esophageal adenocarcinoma than in control tissues. Different regions of BE from the same patient showed heterogeneity in Src activity compared with the uniform Src activity observed in different regions of normal esophagus and duodenum. In all tissues, Src kinase activity and protein were associated preferentially with the Triton X-100-soluble rather than-insoluble fraction. Immunoblotting and two-dimensional tryptic phosphopeptide mapping showed dephosphorylation of Src at Tyr527 in BE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Src is activated in BE, in part, because of dephosphorylation of Tyr527. Src activation and its heterogeneous expression occur before development of dysplasia or carcinoma in BE.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Section, Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, California, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumble
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Omary
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Cartwright
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Triadafilopoulos
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000201:enzymology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016391:Genes, src; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017830:Octoxynol; D015688:Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D017830:Octoxynol; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D015688:Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src)