Antiplaque, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties of triclosan mouthrinses in combination with zinc citrate or polyvinylmethylether maleic acid (PVM-MA) copolymer.
The antibacterial agent triclosan has demonstrated antiplaque and antigingivitis activity in several clinical studies. Retention of antiplaque agents is of significance for their clinical effect. Triclosan has a relatively rapid clearance from the oral cavity, and attempts have been made to increase its oral retention. In the present clinical antiplaque study, it was found that 0.5% copolymer polyvinyl-methylether maleic acid (PVM-MA) or 0.5% zinc citrate, which are both added to commercial products, inhibited plaque formation to a similar degree when used in combination with 0.3% triclosan, 1.5% sodium lauryl sulfate (SL.S) and diluted propylene glycol (PG) in water (1:8). Plaque inhibition was significantly improved compared to a placebo solution. It was shown that these results could not be explained by an increase in antibacterial activity or by a change in the critical micellar concentration. The effect of the same solutions on SLS-induced inflammation on skin was also tested. It was seen that the triclosan/ zinc citrate solution and the control (triclosan/ethanol) decreased the inflammatory response, whereas the solutions containing triclosan in either propylene glycol (PG) or copolymer/PG did not exhibit any anti-inflammatory capacity.
Kjaerheim
V
V
Department of Pedodontics and Caries Prophylaxis, University of Oslo, Norway. vibekek@odont.uio.nv
Skaare
A
A
Barkvoll
P
P
Rölla
G
G
D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D002951:Citrates; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008298:Maleates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008823:Micelles; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014260:Triclosan / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002951:Citrates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008298:Maleates; D008823:Micelles; D009067:Mouthwashes; D011145:Polyvinyls; C058026:polyvinylmethoxyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer; D014260:Triclosan; D015032:Zinc