title: Nmoc-DBHQ, a new caged molecule for modulating sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase activity with light flashes.
abstract: We report the synthesis and characterization of O[o-nitromandelyloxycarbonyl]-2,5-di(tert-butyl)hydroquinone (Nmoc-DBHQ), a new "caged" reagent for photoreleasing DBHQ, a membrane-permeant, reversible inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA). The Nmoc group is a new caging group developed for the current application. Photolysis of Nmoc-DBHQ proceeds with t1/2 = 126 +/- 2 micros, and t1/2 for subsequent release of DBHQ is estimated to be approximately 5 ms. Nmoc-DBHQ thus allows rapid and reversible modulation of SERCA activity in living cells. Through its acetoxymethyl ester, Nmoc-DBHQ can be loaded into cells easily by incubation. We demonstrate the use of Nmoc-DBHQ for photomodulating SERCA activity in fibroblasts and vagal sensory neurons. We further demonstrate the utility of pulsed DBHQ photorelease for probing and manipulating dynamic phenomena such as [Ca2+] oscillations in fibroblasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Medical Biotechnology Center, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000528:radiation effects; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010782:Photolysis; D051381:Rats; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D006873:Hydroquinones; C104811:O-(2-nitromandelyloxycarbonyl)-2,5-di-(tert-butyl)hydroquinone; D010648:Phenylacetates; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases