title: Appropriate thermal manipulations eliminate tremors in rats recovering from halothane anesthesia.
abstract: Tremors are common in mammals emerging from anesthesia. To determine whether appropriate thermal manipulations immediately before emergence from anesthesia are sufficient to eliminate these tremors, electroencephalographic (EEG) and electromyographic (EMG) activities, hypothalamic temperature (Thy), and O2 consumption were monitored in 12 rats recovering from halothane anesthesia under three thermal regimes. EEG and EMG activities were recorded throughout anesthesia and served as feedback signals for controlling anesthetic depth. During anesthesia, Thy was either 1) allowed to fall to 32-34 degrees C, 2) maintained at 37-39 degrees C, or 3) allowed to fall to 32-34 degrees C and then raised to 37-39 degrees C. When hypothermic on emergence from anesthesia, all of the animals exhibited postanesthetic tremors that persisted until Thy values returned to normothermia. None of the animals expressed postanesthetic tremors when normothermic on emergence from anesthesia. In addition, the time between emergence from anesthesia (as determined by EEG/EMG parameters) and the initiation of coordinated motor activities was significantly decreased in the normothermic animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Grahn
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Larkin
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Heller
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects; D004576:Electromyography / Q000187:drug effects; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014202:Tremor / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D006221:Halothane