title: 1H T1 and T2 measurements of the MR imaging contrast agents Gd-DTPA and Gd-DTPA BMA at 1.5T.
abstract: We report in vitro T1 and T2 relaxation studies for the open-chain complexes Gd-DTPA and Gd-DTPA BMA. Measurements were performed on phantoms containing aqueous and plasma solutions of different concentrations by MR imaging in a 1.5T superconducting whole-body scanner. Longitudinal relaxation times T1 were evaluated from serial turbo-FLASH experiments for concentrations less than 1 mM, whereas for larger concentrations the values were obtained from a standard inversion recovery (IR) sequence. Transverse relaxation times T2 were determined using multi-echo spin-echo MRI protocols. The T1 and T2 relaxivities of the nonionic Gd-DTPA BMA are similar to those of the Gd-DTPA. The temperature dependencies of the relaxivities were determined over a temperature interval ranging from 21 to 50 degrees C and were found to be slightly different for the two contrast agents. In the case of Gd-DTPA BMA a larger deviation of the expected temperature behavior of the relaxivities was observed as compared with Gd-DTPA. Deviations from a strictly linear dependence of relaxation times on temperature were found at lower concentrations in aqueous solutions. In plasma solutions a high T1/T2 ratio was observed for low concentrations, which decreased monotonically with increasing concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Reichenbach
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hackländer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rassek
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mödder
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D004369:Pentetic Acid; C064925:gadodiamide; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA