title: A follow-up study of pre-natally detected primary vesico-ureteric reflux: a review of 61 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the pre- and post-natal characteristics of primary vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) in a retrospective study of babies presenting with VUR suspected from pre-natal ultrasonography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1984 and 1994. 61 children (41 boys and 20 girls) with primary VUR were followed for 2 years after the pre-natal detection of urinary tract anomalies. Patients with VUR secondary to infravesical obstruction and duplex systems were excluded. The mean age at ante-natal diagnosis was 28.4 weeks of gestation; in 37 the reflux was bilateral and 98 refluxing units were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the international classification of VUR, 8% were grade 1, 32% grade 2, 38% grade 3, 16% grade 4 and 6% grade 5. Twelve patients (22 refluxing units) underwent ureteric re-implantation. Six kidneys showed renal scars on isotope renography and two nephrectomies were carried out in patients < 2 years old: in 40 patients (64 renal units) the VUR resolved spontaneously. Of the latter, eight were grade 1, 20 grade 2, 27 grade 3 and nine grade 4: seven patients (10 refluxing units) are still being followed and awaiting a decision on treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms the predominance of boys in those with ante-natally suspected VUR. The spontaneous resolution during the first 2 years of life was apparent in most cases, even in those with severe reflux (grade 3-5).
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Surgical Department, Children's Hospital, Nancy, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bouachrine
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lemelle
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Didier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmitt
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011379:Prognosis; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology