title: Left atrial function and atrial natriuretic factor/cyclic guanosine monophosphate changes in DDD and VVI pacing modes.
abstract: Left atrial systolic function and the plasma of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were investigated as possible markers for the development of pacemaker syndrome during VVI pacing. Patients who developed pacemaker syndrome during VVI pacing had a significant decrease in left atrial emptying fraction and a substantial increase in ANF and cGMP plasma levels.
authors.affiliation: Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, 2nd Department of Cardiology, Athens University, Medical School, Greece.
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Theodorakis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Panou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markianos
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fragakis
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Livanis
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Kremastinos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D004452:Echocardiography; D006157:Guanosine Monophosphate / Q000097:blood*; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D006157:Guanosine Monophosphate; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor