title: The effect of urokinase in preventing the formation of epidural fibrosis and/or leptomeningeal arachnoiditis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidural fibrosis and leptomeningeal adhesion formation are among the common causes of failed back surgery syndrome. Urokinase has been commonly used in treating aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hematoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a rat model, the potential of local urokinase in preventing the production of epidural fibrosis due to bleeding was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A reduction of approximately 48% in leptomeningeal adhesion formation with the use of urokinase was demonstrated. Adhesion score was 2.300 in the control group and 0.700 in the urokinase treated group on day 42 of the postoperative period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that urokinase has the important effect of preventing the formation of leptomeningeal adhesion, but many more extensive studies clearly need to be done before such material can be clinically used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ceviz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Ak
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inalöz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001100:Arachnoiditis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D008578:Meninges / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator