Immunomodulatory activity of amphiphilic antimicrobials on mouse macrophages.
A quaternary ammonium salt (1-methyldodecyl)-trimethylammonium iodide, a structurally analogous amine oxide (1-methyldodecyl)-dimethylamine-N-oxide and the amine oxide lacking long alkyl chain trimethylamine-N-oxide were tested for their immunomodulatory activity. Inbred mice strain C57/BL6 were pretreated for 7 days by the compounds under study. The activity of elicited peritoneal macrophages was also tested. Both compounds have a long alkyl chain. In concentrations of 10(-6) M there was a significant increase of the phagocytic, candidacidal and lysozyme activities of the cells. We also observed a suppressed peroxidase activity. The colicidal activity of both the peritoneal and spleen cells were not affected. The amine oxide lacking the long alkyl chain has the same effect at high concentration. A similarity between the effects of the amphiphilic compounds on the macrophages and their antimicrobial efficacy elicits the conclusion that both activities are caused by their ability to interact with the cell membranes.
Bukovský
M
M
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Mlynarcík
D
D
Ondrácková
V
V
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009113:Muramidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D010544:Peroxidases; D009113:Muramidase