title: Tuberculosis skin testing among homeless adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) skin test positivity among homeless adults in Los Angeles and determine whether certain characteristics of homelessness were risk factors for TB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Shelters, soup lines, and outdoor locations in the Skid Row and Westside areas of Los Angeles.
  
  
  METHODS
  A representative sample of 260 homeless adults.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tuberculosis tine test reactivity was measured. The overall prevalence of TB skin test positivity was 32%:40% in the inner-city Skid Row area and 14% in the suburban Westside area. Using multiple logistic regression, TB skin test positivity was found to be associated with living in crowded or potentially crowded shelter conditions, long-term homelessness, geographic area, history of a psychiatric hospitalization, and age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Homeless adults living in congested inner-city areas are at high risk of both latent and active TB. Endemic risk factors and limited access to medical care support the need for aggressive treatment of active TB cases and innovative programs to ensure completion of prophylactic regimens by homeless individuals with latent infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Family Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90095-1683, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gelberg
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Panarites
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morgenstern
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leake
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koegel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D015141:Los Angeles / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data