title: High-level secretion in Pichia pastoris and biochemical characterization of the recombinant kringle 2 domain of tissue-type plasminogen activator.
abstract: The kringle 2 (K2) domain of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) has been expressed in Pichia pastoris cell lines GSI 15 and KM71. This construct contained a hexahistidine sequence at the C-terminus of the kringle to aid in purification by immobilized metalion-affinity chromatography. The exact amino acid sequence of the isolated kringle was EAEAYV-[K2tPA]SR(H)6, where [K2tPA] represents amino acid sequence residues C1-C82 of the kringle domain (residues 180-261 of tPA). The clones of the yeast transformants provided large amounts of the recombinant (r)-[K2tPA]-containing polypeptide at levels that allowed ready purification of several hundred mg from shake flasks and near-gram levels from a high-biomass fermenter. Purification of the kringle domain directly from cell-conditioned media was accomplished in a single step by either immobilized Ni(+)-affinity chromatography or lysine-Sepharose affinity chromatography. N-linked glycans were present on approx. 30% of this yeast-expressed material, at N5 of the kringle (corresponds to N11 of the particular construct, N184 of full-length tPA). The expressed recombinant kringle recognized a conformation-specific monoclonal antibody generated against tPA that is directed to the K2 domain of the protein, interacted properly with various omega-amino acid ligands, and showed signature conformational properties when studied by differential scanning calorimetry and high-resolution 1H-NMR. The results demonstrate that the P. pastoris system can be employed to obtain large amounts of secreted and properly folded kringle domains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Nilsen
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: DeFord
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prorok
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Chibber
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Bretthauer
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Castellino
mesh_terms: D018082:Kringles / Q000235:genetics*; D010843:Pichia / Q000235:genetics*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator