title: Influence of variation at the apolipoprotein E locus on lipid and lipoprotein levels in CAPD patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Variation at the apolipoprotein E (apo E) locus influence lipid and lipoprotein levels in the normal population, and is associated with premature coronary artery disease. Patients with end-stage kidney disease or undergoing dialysis treatment are particularly prone to develop accelerated atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  To evaluate the influence of genetic variation at the apo E locus, apo E genotypes and serum lipid and lipoprotein levels were measured in 51 subjects undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of apo E phenotypes and apo E allelic frequency among the CAPD subjects (epsilon 2 0.049; epsilon 3 0.745: epsilon 4 0.206) corresponded to the healthy Swedish population. In the CAPD subjects, total serum and LDL cholesterol levels were high (6.7 +/- 1.5 mmol/l and 4.2 +/- 1.3 mmol/l respectively) and HDL cholesterol levels were low (1.2 +/- 0.5 mmol/l). When directly comparing the two major apo E groups. E 3/3 subjects (n = 30) and E4/3 and 4/4 subjects, epsilon 4-carriers, (n = 16), LDL cholesterol levels were significantly higher among epsilon 4-carriers (4.8 +/- 1.1 vs 4.0 +/- 1.2 mmol/l, P < 0.03), but total serum cholesterol levels was not higher among the epsilon 4-carriers (7.3 +/- 1.3 vs 6.5 +/- 1.5 mmol/l, P < 0.08). Serum triglycerides or HDL cholesterol levels did not differ significantly between epsilon 3-homozygotes and epsilon 4-carriers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate a strong effect of variation of the apo E locus on LDL cholesterol levels in CAPD subjects, suggesting that epsilon 4-carriers may be more susceptible to accelerated development of atherosclerosis in this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eggertsen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Heimbürger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stenvinkel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berglund
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins