Efficacy of nonpharmacologic interventions in adults with high-normal blood pressure: results from phase 1 of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. Trials of Hypertension Prevention Collaborative Research Group.
Phase 1 of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention was conducted in 2182 adults, aged 35-54 y, with diastolic blood pressure of 80-89 mm Hg to test the feasibility and blood pressure-lowering effects of seven nonpharmacologic interventions (weight loss, sodium reduction, stress management, and supplementation with calcium, magnesium, potassium, and fish oil). At 6 and 18 mo, weight loss and sodium reduction were well-tolerated and produced significant declines in systolic and diastolic blood pressures (-2.9/-2.4 and -2.1/-1.2 mm Hg for weight loss and sodium reduction, respectively, at 18 mo). None of the other interventions lowered blood pressure significantly at either the 6- or 18-mo follow-up visits. These results suggest that both weight loss and sodium reduction provide an effective means to prevent hypertension. The long-term effects of both of these interventions are being tested in phase 2 of the trial.
Whelton
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PK
Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, USA. pwhelton@mailhost.tcs.tulane.edu
Kumanyika
S K
SK
Cook
N R
NR
Cutler
J A
JA
Borhani
N O
NO
Hennekens
C H
CH
Kuller
L H
LH
Langford
H
H
Jones
D W
DW
Satterfield
S
S
Lasser
N L
NL
Cohen
J D
JD
D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000517:prevention & control; D015431:Weight Loss
D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D012964:Sodium