title: The carotenoids beta-carotene, canthaxanthin and zeaxanthin inhibit macrophage-mediated LDL oxidation.
abstract: Human monocyte-macrophages were incubated for 24 h in Ham's F-10 medium with human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the presence or absence of beta-carotene, canthaxanthin or zeaxanthin, at final concentrations of 2.5, 12.5 and 25 mg/l. LDL oxidation, measured by agarose gel electrophoresis, the thiobarbituric acid assay and gas chromatography, was inhibited by each of the carotenoids in a concentration-dependent manner. Canthaxanthin was more effective when incorporated into LDL before addition to the cultures whereas beta-carotene and zeaxanthin were more effective when added simultaneously with LDL. The results suggest that dietary carotenoids might help slow atherosclerosis progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK. klhc@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van der Veen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hird
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mitchinson
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016644:Canthaxanthin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D024341:Xanthophylls; D065146:Zeaxanthins; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D024341:Xanthophylls; D065146:Zeaxanthins; D019207:beta Carotene; D016644:Canthaxanthin