title: Non-invasive assessment of vascular reactivity in forearm skin of patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis.
abstract: We have non-invasively assessed neurovascular control mechanisms in forearm skin of 10 healthy control subjects, eight patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP) and 10 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) by iontophoresing acetylcholine (endothelial dependent), sodium nitroprusside (endothelial independent) and adrenaline, and measuring subsequent blood flow responses by dual-channel laser Doppler. Because basal forearm blood flow is low, adrenaline response was assessed by attenuation of reperfusion hyperaemia following 60 s of upper arm occlusion. Reperfusion hyperaemia prior to adrenaline iontophoresis differed significantly between groups (F2.21 = 4.3, P = 0.03), being lowest in the SSc and highest in the PRP group. However, the degree of attenuation of this hyperaemia by adrenaline did not differ between groups and all groups demonstrated similar vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine and to sodium nitroprusside. These findings may reflect that abnormalities in vascular tone in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon are local to the digits, or that vasoactive agents not examined in this study play a key role.
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester Rheumatic Diseases Centre, Hope Hospital, Salford.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hollis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Jayson
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Herrick
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm; D006801:Humans; D007478:Iontophoresis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D011928:Raynaud Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D000109:Acetylcholine; D004837:Epinephrine