title: Infectivity and pathogenicity in chimpanzees of a surface gene mutant of hepatitis B virus that emerged in a vaccinated infant.
abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants with amino acid mutations in the a epitope of the major surface protein have been identified, and questions have been raised regarding their biologic properties. Dilutions of serum that contained the first such described HBV mutant, with an Arg-for-Gly substitution at codon 145 of the S gene, were inoculated into 6 seronegative chimpanzees. Five of the animals developed serologic and/or biochemical evidence of hepatitis B. A polymerase chain reaction-based assay that discriminated between the wild type and mutant viral genomes revealed that a pure population of the mutant genome was present in the 10(-6) and 10(-7) dilutions of the index serum, resulting in infection of the chimpanzees receiving these dilutions only with the mutant virus. A clone of the mutant virus replicated normally following transfection in vitro. Thus, this HBV surface gene mutant is viable, infectious, and pathogenic in chimpanzees.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0740, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zanetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Purcell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine; D002353:Carrier State; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D000939:Epitopes; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000151:congenital / Q000235:genetics*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D017354:Point Mutation; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D001120:Arginine