Infant sensitivity to adult eye direction.
Adult eye direction was manipulated while adults interacted with 3-6 month-olds over closed-circuit television (Experiment 1) or in person (Experiment 2). Infants received 4 1-min interaction periods. For experimental groups, adult eye contact was maintained during Periods 1 and 3, and averted during Periods 2 and 4 (by viewing infants on a television monitor to maintain contingency). Control infants received eye contact during all periods. Experimental infants' smiling declined whenever adults looked away; their visual attention simply decreased across periods. Control infants showed little change in gaze or smiling across periods. The implications of these results for Baron-Cohen's model of infant theory of mind and Morton and Johnson's 2-process theory of infant face perception are discussed.
Hains
S M
SM
Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Muir
D W
DW
D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009949:Orientation; D002666:Psychology, Child; D012904:Smiling; D014796:Visual Perception