The Dr1/DRAP1 heterodimer is a global repressor of transcription in vivo.
A general repressor extensively studied in vitro is the human Dr1/DRAP1 heterodimeric complex. To elucidate the function of Dr1 and DRAP1 in vivo, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dr1/DRAP1 repressor complex was identified. The repressor complex is encoded by two essential genes, designated YDR1 and BUR6. The inviability associated with deletion of the yeast genes can be overcome by expressing the human genes. However, the human corepressor DRAP1 functions in yeast only when human Dr1 is coexpressed. The yDr1/Bur6 complex represses transcription in vitro in a reconstituted RNA polymerase II transcription system. Repression of transcription could be overcome by increasing the concentration of TATA-element binding protein (TBP). Consistent with the in vitro results, overexpression of YDR1 in vivo resulted in decreased mRNA accumulation. Furthermore, YDR1 overexpression impaired cell growth, an effect that could be rescued by overexpression of TBP. In agreement with our previous studies in vitro, we found that overexpression of Dr1 in vivo also affected the accumulation of RNA polymerase III transcripts, but not of RNA polymerase I transcripts. Our results demonstrate that Dr1 functions as a repressor of transcription in vivo and, moreover, directly targets TBP, a global regulator of transcription.
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Department of Biochemistry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway 08854-5635, USA.
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Hampsey
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Reinberg
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D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C099112:DRAP1 protein, human; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C092438:PDR5 protein, S cerevisiae; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; C075995:down-regulator of transcription 1