title: Interaction of halothane with alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor stimulations in rat myocardium.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Halothane induces negative inotropic and lusitropic effects in myocardium. It has been suggested that halothane potentiates beta-adrenoceptor stimulation. However, its effects on the inotropic response to alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation and its effects on the lusitropic effects of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor stimulation are unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of halothane (0.5 and 1 minimum alveolar concentration [MAC]) on the inotropic responses induced by phenylephrine (10(-8) to 10(-4) M) and isoproterenol (10(-8) to 10(-4) M) were studied in rat left ventricular papillary muscles in vitro (in Krebs-Henseleit solution at 29 degrees C, pH 7.40, with 0.5 mM calcium and stimulation frequency at 12 pulses/min). The lusitropic effects were studied in isotonic (R1) and isometric (R2) conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One MAC halothane induced a negative inotropic effect (54 +/- 3%, P < 0.05), increased R1 (109 +/- 3%, P < 0.05), and decreased R2 (88 +/- 2%, P < 0.05). In control groups, phenylephrine (137 +/- 7%, P > 0.05) and isoproterenol (162 +/- 6%, P < 0.05) induced a positive inotropic effect. Halothane did not significantly modify the positive inotropic effect of calcium, suggesting that it did not modify the inotropic reserve of papillary muscles. In contrast, 1 MAC halothane enhanced the positive inotropic effects of phenylephrine (237 +/- 19%, P < 0.05) and isoproterenol (205 +/- 11%, P < 0.05). Halothane did not modify the lusitropic effect of phenylephrine under high or low load. In contrast, 1 MAC halothane impaired the positive lusitropic effect of isoproterenol under low load (P < 0.05), whereas it did not modify the positive lusitropic effect of isoproterenol under high load.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At clinically relevant concentrations, halothane potentiated the positive inotropic effects of both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor stimulation. Furthermore, halothane alters the positive lusitropic-effect of beta-adrenoceptor stimulation under low load.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hanouz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Riou
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Massias
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lecarpentier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coriat
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000187:drug effects*; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D010656:Phenylephrine; D007545:Isoproterenol; D002118:Calcium; D006221:Halothane