title: The Günther temporary inferior vena cava filter for short-term protection against pulmonary embolism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate clinically the Günther temporary inferior vena cava (IVC) filter.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven IVC filters were placed in 10 patients. Indications for filter placement were surgical pulmonary embolectomy in seven patients, pulmonary embolism in two patients, and free-floating iliofemoral thrombus in one patient. Eight filters were inserted from the right femoral approach, three filters from the left. Follow-up was by plain abdominal radiographs, cavography, and duplex ultrasound (US). Eight patients received systemic heparinization. Follow-up, during 4-60 months after filter removal was by clinical assessment, and imaging of the lungs was performed when pulmonary embolism (PE) was suspected. Patients received anticoagulation therapy for at least 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten filters were removed without complications 7-14 days (mean 10 days) after placement. One restless patient pulled the filter back into the common femoral vein, and a permanent filter was placed. In two patients a permanent filter was placed prior to removal. One patient developed sepsis, and one an infection at the insertion site. Clinically no recurrent PE developed with the filter in place or during removal. One patient had recurrent PE 7 months after filter removal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Günther temporary IVC filter can be safely placed for short-term protection against PE. The use of this filter is not appropriate in agitated or immunocompromised patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Catharina Hospital, Michelangelolaan 2, NL-5623 EJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Vos
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Tielbeek
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Bom
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Gooszen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vroegindeweij
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011859:Radiography; D013997:Time Factors; D016306:Vena Cava Filters / Q000009:adverse effects; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging