title: A lightweight ambient air-cooling unit for use in hazardous environments.
abstract: Recent research demonstrated (a) the effectiveness of intermittent conditioned air cooling during rest breaks to significantly reduce cumulative heat storage and (b) that longer work sessions were possible for individuals wearing chemical defense ensembles. To further advance this concept, a strategy for implementing continuous air cooling was conceived; ambient air cooling was added during work cycles and conditioned air cooling was delivered during rest periods. A compact battery-powered beltpack cooling unit (3.9 kg) designed and made at the U.S. Air Force Armstrong Laboratory was used to deliver 5.7 L/sec filtered ambient air during work cycles: 4.7 L/sec to the body and 1 L/sec to the face. Five experimental cycles were conducted in a thermally controlled chamber under warm conditions (32 degrees C, 40% relative humidity) with (1) no cooling-intermittent work, (2) intermittent cooling, (3) continuous cooling during intermittent exercise, and (4) no cooling-continuous work and (5) ambient air cooling during continuous exercise. Intermittent, conditioned, and continuous air cooling resulted in significant reductions in rectal temperature, mean skin temperature, and heart rate as compared with the no-cooling trials. The continuous air-cooling trial significantly improved thermal comfort and sweat evaporation. Results suggest that ambient air delivered during work cycles by a lightweight portable unit (in conjunction with conditioned air delivered during rest periods), can definitely improve personal comfort, reduce skin temperature, and decrease the cumulative fatigue common to repeated work/rest cycles in selected military and industrial applications in which individuals work in chemical defense ensembles.
authors.affiliation: Armstrong Laboratory (AL/CFT), Brooks AFB, TX 78235-5104, USA.
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Constable
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bomalaski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000389:Air Conditioning / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001831:Body Temperature; D004867:Equipment Design; D006804:Ergonomics; D015386:Hazardous Substances; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011481:Protective Clothing / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances