title: Clinician compliance with primary prevention of tobacco use: the impact of social contingencies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated clinicians' compliance with delivering written advice and information against tobacco use (prevention prescriptions) to adolescent patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinicians in 77 orthodontic offices were trained (and asked) to provide anti-tobacco counseling and prescriptions to 10- to 18-year-olds for 2 years. Each of eight prescriptions was provided for distribution to adolescent patients. Information concerning prescription-tracking methods and operant learning theory variables such as modeling and feedback was obtained using a cross-sectional interview of clinical staff. The proportion of prescriptions written was regressed on possible "determinants." Analyses were replicated for two time periods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean anti-tobacco prescription compliance was 66 and 73% for two separate time periods. Multiple regression analyses were computed for the first (R = 0.45, F(7,63) = 2.29, P < 0.001) and second (R = 0.48, F(7,63) = 2.76, P < 0.001) time periods. Prescription tracking and praise from patients were significant correlates for the first time period; praise and modeling were significant for the second time period. Twenty and twenty-three percent, respectively, of the variance in office prescription rate was explained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that compliance with primary prevention procedures may be influenced by feedback from patients, staff modeling, and formal office tracking information.
authors.affiliation: Work Group on Health Promotion and Community Development, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Russos
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Hovell
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Keating
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Burkham
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Slymen
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Hofstetter
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rubin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002140:California; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D016014:Linear Models; D009970:Orthodontics; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D012944:Social Support; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000517:prevention & control*