title: Application of a hook plate for management of equine ulnar fractures.
abstract: Closed fractures of the proximal aspect of the ulna were repaired in 10 horses younger than or equal to 6 months of age by application of a hook plate using a tension band principle. Ulnar fractures were classified as type 1A (2 horses), type 1B (4 horses), type 2 (1 horse), type 3 (1 horse), and type 4 (2 horses); all fractures had displacement of a proximal fragment. Complications were implant deformation (4 horses), screw pullout (1 horse), osseous sequestration (1 horse), ulnar fracture through a hole used to apply a tension device (1 horse), and metacarpophalangeal deformity associated with a displaced anconeal fragment (1 horse). Hook deformation was likely associated with failure to insert screws in all of the proximal holes of the plate and also in two horses, possibly with difficult recovery from anesthesia. Seven horses were discharged from the hospital and were being used for athletic activities. Insertion of the hook through the tendon of the triceps muscle and incorporation of the fragment within the hook can be used to effectively reduce and stabilize a fragment that might otherwise not hold screws.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, USA.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Debowes
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Gaughan
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Bramlage
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006736:Horses; D016268:Internal Fixators / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D013522:Surgery, Veterinary / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014458:Ulna Fractures / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*