title: Rapid increase of pneumococcal resistance to beta-lactam and other antibiotics in isolates from the respiratory tract (Nagasaki, Japan: 1975-1994).
abstract: The susceptibility of 101 pneumococcal isolates from the respiratory tract during 1991-1994 was examined and compared with the susceptibility of isolates over the period of 1975-1990. A rapid increase of resistance was seen not only to penicillin but also other antimicrobial agents. During 1991-1994, 38% of all the isolates were resistant to penicillin. The rates of resistance during this period were 16-23% for three newer cephalosporins, 18% for imipenem, 69% for tetracycline, 31% for erythromycin, 20% for chloramphenicol and 9% for clindamycin. The use of antibiotics within one month prior to pneumococcal isolation was correlated with penicillin resistance (P < 0.05). Serotyping of the isolates by antiserum revealed differences in predominant types between penicillin-resistant (19F, 23F,4) and -susceptible isolates (15, 4, 11A). Our data suggests that anti-pneumococcal antibiotics should be carefully chosen on the basis of susceptibility tests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rikitomi
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sow
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Nunez
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagatake
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018550:Cephalosporin Resistance; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010614:Pharynx / Q000382:microbiology; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000382:microbiology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000382:microbiology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D012703:Serotyping; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents