title: Study of the dynamics of neutralization escape mutants in a chimpanzee naturally infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVcpz-ant.
abstract: Here we report on the use of spectral map analysis of time-paired sequential neutralization data of 11 serum samples of a chimpanzee naturally infected with a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVcpz-ant) and 8 primary consecutive SIVcpz-ant isolates, taken at about 4-month intervals. The analysis reveals the existence of three SIVcpz-ant isolate and serum neutralization clusters. Each cluster groups virus isolates and/or sera based on similarities of their neutralization spectra. On average, neutralization escape mutants emerged after 15 months and mounted a neutralization response approximately 8 months later. The entire gp160 regions of eight consecutive isolates were sequenced and analyzed by a new statistical method called polygram, which allowed the deduction of amino acid sequence motifs of gp160 which were specific for SIVcpz-ant isolates belonging to the same isolate neutralization clusters. Changes in specific amino acid quadruplets in V1, V2, C3, V4, V5, and CD4 domains of gp120 and gp40 were seen to correlate with the neutralization clusters with most of the specific changes occurring in the V4 region. This method of analysis may facilitate an understanding of the study of the dynamic interplay between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and host neutralization responses as well as providing possible insights into mechanisms of persistence of HIV-1-related lentiviruses in their natural hosts.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Nyambi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lewi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heyndrickx
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fransen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andries
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vanden Haesevelde
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heeney
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piot
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van der Groen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; C087575:SIV envelope glycoprotein gp160; C082614:SIV envelope protein gp41; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C069623:gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus