title: Significance of cyclin D1 overexpression in transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder and its correlation with histopathologic features.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genetic alterations leading to neoplastic transformation of the urothelium are likely to involve the activation of oncogenes and loss of functional tumor suppressor genes. Cyclin D1 has been implicated as a putative protooncogene whereas mutations of the p53 gene occur frequently in invasive transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) of the urinary bladder. In this study, cyclin D1 overexpression and nuclear accumulation of p53 were evaluated and the results correlated with histopathologic features.
  
  
  METHODS
  TCCs of the urinary bladder from 161 surgical procedures were evaluated for cyclin D1 overexpression and nuclear accumulation of p53. Results were correlated with tumor grade, T classification, and papillary status. Topologic distributions of cyclin D1, p53, and proliferating cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) were evaluated. Northern blot analysis was performed on selected specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overexpression of cyclin D1 was observed in 47% (24 of 51) of Grade 1 TCCs and 20% (13 of 65) of Grade 2 TCCs but in no Grade 3 TCCs. Approximately 34% (14 of 41) of Ta classified TCCs and 21% (13 of 63) of T1 classified TCCs were immunoreactive for cyclin D1 whereas none of the TCCs beyond T1 was immunoreactive. Overexpression of cyclin D1 was observed only in papillary type TCCs. Results of Northern blot analysis for cyclin D1 were comparable to those of immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed significant relation between cyclin D1 overexpression and tumor grade/T classification suggests that cyclin D1 may be a useful biologic marker for biopsied materials or urine cytology specimens. The prognostic significance of cyclin D1 overexpression in TCCs remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morimura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wanibuchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishisaka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikemoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakatani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukushima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D019938:Cyclin D1; D016213:Cyclins / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000737:chemistry; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016213:Cyclins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019938:Cyclin D1