title: Sustained-release methylphenidate for cognitive impairment in HIV-1-infected drug abusers: a pilot study.
abstract: Other investigators have reported clinical improvement from psychostimulant drugs in patients with HIV-1-related cognitive impairment. However, no previous research has substantiated this claim by using a controlled study design. We examined the efficacy of sustained-release methylphenidate (MSR) in a sample of substance abusers with HIV-1-related cognitive impairment. Eight HIV-1-infected methadone patients with impaired neuropsychological test performance participated in an inpatient double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial of MSR 20-40 mg/day. On a composite neuropsychological measure, patients improved significantly from baseline during MSR but not placebo treatment. Nevertheless, MSR performance did not differ significantly from placebo performance. Patients appeared to improve as a function of time, regardless of sequence, with somewhat more improvement during MSR than placebo treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: van Dyck
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: O'Malley
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Pearsall
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kosten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D008774:Methylphenidate