title: Is the regulation of apoptosis altered in smooth muscle cells of adult spontaneously hypertensive rats?
abstract: Whereas the protein product of the Bcl-2 gene inhibits apoptosis, the protein product of the Bax gene acts as a promoter of apoptosis. To gain insight into the regulation of apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells in arterial hypertension, we investigated the expression of the proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in small intramyocardial arteries of 36-week-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In addition, 16-week-old SHR were treated for 20 weeks with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor quinapril and killed at 36 weeks of age. We measured the percentages of smooth muscle cells expressing these proteins using monoclonal antibodies and the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase method. Compared with WKY, untreated SHR exhibited increased (P<.001) Bcl-2 expression and similar Bax expression. Values of Bcl-2 measured in quinapril-treated SHR were significantly lower than values measured in untreated SHR and similar to values measured in WKY. Quinapril-treated SHR showed higher (P<.001) Bax expression than WKY and untreated SHR. Bcl-2 expression was directly correlated with systolic pressure. Inverse correlations were found between the expression of Bax and the activities of both cardiac and circulating angiotensin-converting enzyme. These findings suggest that smooth muscle cell apoptosis might be inhibited in small arteries of adult SHR as a consequence of an excess of the protein Bcl-2. In addition, our results suggest that chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition might restore the susceptibility to apoptosis in these cells through stimulation of the protein Bax.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Díez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panizo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pardo
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D019254:Genes, bcl-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D000077583:Quinapril; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013045:Species Specificity; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D007546:Isoquinolines; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines; D000077583:Quinapril