title: Conditions that induce tolerance in mature CD4+ T cells.
abstract: Establishment of antigen-specific tolerance among mature T cells has been a long debated, yet poorly understood issue. In this study we have used transgenic mice bearing a class II--restricted TCR specific for the hemmagglutinin of the influenza virus in order to test the behavior of CD4+ T cells upon exposure to antigen in different forms and doses. We first studied the fate of T cells expressing the transgenic TCR (6.5) in double transgenic mice where HA was expressed as a self antigen by hemapoietic cells. In these mice, we found some mature T cells in periphery that had escaped thymic deletion and that showed signs of activation but which were anergic. Mature CD4+6.5+ cells that were transferred into antigen-containing recipients went through an initial phase of expansion after which most cells were deleted and those remaining became unresponsive, as previously described for CD8+ cells. Inducing tolerance in CD4+6.5+ cells in situ in single transgenic mice proved a difficult task: classical protocols using single doses of soluble or deaggregated antigen as well as feeding antigen all failed to induce antigen-specific unresponsiveness. It was only after decreasing cell numbers by CD4 antibody treatment and by repeatedly reintroducing antigen thereafter that unresponsiveness of 6.5+ cells was achieved and maintained. In no case could we observe the appearance of antigen-specific T cells with a Th2 cytokine profile among the remaining cells and therefore conclude that deletion and anergy represent the major mechanisms of tolerance in our studies.
authors.affiliation: Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 373, Institut Necker, Paris.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lanoue
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bona
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: von Boehmer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarukhan
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell