title: Glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P450 genotypes as risk factors for laryngeal carcinoma.
abstract: While cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption have been linked to laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the role of genetic factors in determining individual susceptibility is unknown. We describe the role of allelism at the glutathione S-transferase GSTM1, GSTM3, GSTT1 and cytochrome P450 CYP1A1, CYP2E1, CYP2D6 loci in determining individual susceptibility to laryngeal SCC. Enzyme genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion of leukocyte DNA collected from 269 patients with T1-T4 laryngeal carcinomas and 216 controls. While the frequencies of the heterozygote GSTM1 A/B genotype and the homozygote GSTM3 B/B genotype were statistically significantly lower in the patients with tumors than in controls, the frequency of the GSTT1 null genotype was higher in the patients than in controls. The data suggest that allelism at GST loci mediates susceptibility to SCC of the larynx. GSTM1 A/B and GSTM3 B/B appear to be associated with reduced risk, while GSTT1 null may confer increased risk. These findings are compatible with the view that genetic predisposition is important in determining risk for this cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jahnke
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Strange
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matthias
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fryer
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D000483:Alleles; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 / Q000235:genetics; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6; D005982:Glutathione Transferase