title: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect PCR products of the rfbS gene from serogroup D salmonellae: a rapid screening prototype.
abstract: We describe a digoxigenin-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DIG-ELISA) following a PCR to detect the amplified lipopolysaccharide rfbS gene as a means for rapid screening of serogroup D salmonellae in stool specimens. For pure bacterial cultures, the sensitivity of the PCR DIG-ELISA was approximately 10 bacteria. In the presence of stool materials, the salmonellae were first isolated by an immunomagnetic separation technique with an O9-specific monoclonal antibody. MATy-O9, followed by PCR and DIG-ELISA. The corresponding sensitivity was about 10 to 100 bacteria. To evaluate the assay performance clinically, 203 stool samples from patients with diarrhea were subjected to the routine culture techniques and the PCR ELISA method with overnight enrichment. The conventional culture method identified 145 salmonellae (31 serogroup B, 27 serogroup C, 83 serogroup D, and 5 serogroup E isolates) and 58 non-salmonella bacteria. The PCR ELISA method correctly identified all 82 serogroup D salmonellae (A405 by ELISA, 2.54 +/- 0.74) but was negative for the other Salmonella serogroups (A405, 0.26 +/- 0.08; n = 63) and non-Salmonella isolates (A405, 0.16 +/- 0.04; n = 58). In order to obtain a visible result, the assay takes approximately 6 h (PCR, 4 h; ELISA, 2 h), along with brief enrichment cultivation of the samples (from 4 to 16 h). Thus, the PCR DIG-ELISA offers a fast, accurate, semiquantitative means of detecting infectious agents such as salmonellae, and future robotic automation is possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Bacteriology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital F82, Sweden. JMLUK@hkucc.hku.hk
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Luk
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kongmuang
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lindberg
mesh_terms: D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001483:Base Sequence; D002238:Carbohydrate Epimerases / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D012703:Serotyping; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D002238:Carbohydrate Epimerases; C061271:paratose synthase