title: Stress increases plasma enzyme activity in rats: differential effects of adrenergic and cholinergic blockades.
abstract: Plasma creatine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities significantly increased in rats immersed in 23 degrees C water for 6 hr after restraint (water immersion stress). The stress-induced rises in the four enzymes were significantly prevented by the intraperitoneal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (80 mg/kg), propranolol (1 and 10 mg/kg) or timolol (1 and 10 mg/kg) but not by phentolamine (0.1-10 mg/kg) and atropine (0.1-10 mg/kg). The stress also significantly increased plasma urea nitrogen and glucose levels; however, neither propranolol (0.1-10 mg/kg) nor timolol (0.1-10 mg/kg) did affect these levels. On the other hand, 6-hydroxydopamine (80 mg/kg) and phentolamine (10 mg/kg) slightly but significantly prevented the increase in plasma urea nitrogen level, and the stress-induced hyperglycemia was significantly prevented by either phentolamine (10 mg/kg) or atropine (1 and 10 mg/kg). Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were also increased significantly by the stress, and the norepinephrine response was suppressed significantly by 6-hydroxydopamine. In conclusion, excessive peripheral sympathetic activity possibly plays an important role in the water immersion stress-induced increases in the plasma enzymes activity primarily via beta-adrenoceptors, whereas alpha-adrenoceptors and the cholinergic nerves might be involved in the stress-induced increases in plasma urea nitrogen and glucose levels.
authors.affiliation: Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
mesh_terms: D018674:Adrenergic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D018674:Adrenergic Antagonists; D002395:Catecholamines; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D016627:Oxidopamine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D003402:Creatine Kinase