title: Outcome after surgery for mitral regurgitation. Determinants of postoperative morbidity and mortality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The incidence and impact of congestive heart failure and coronary artery disease on late survival after surgical correction of mitral regurgitation are poorly defined. In addition to the uncertainty about the frequency of this complication, the mechanisms of heart failure have not been fully analyzed.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine survival and the incidence and mechanisms of congestive heart failure after mitral valve surgery for mitral regurgitation, we analyzed the long-term outcome of 576 consecutive postoperative survivors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analysis demonstrated that preserved preoperative left ventricular function (ejection fraction > or = 60%) was associated with improved survival (adjusted risk ratio 0.49; 95% C.I. 0.36-0.661) and reduced incidence of congestive heart failure (adjusted risk ratio 0.30; 95% C.I. 0.20-0.441), while concomitant coronary artery disease was associated with an excess mortality (adjusted risk ratio 1.80; 95% C.I. 1.34-2.41) and incidence of congestive heart failure (adjusted risk ratio 2.12; 95% C.I. 1.48-3.031).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that left ventricular dysfunction and coronary artery disease are major determinants of mortality and morbidity after surgical correction of mitral regurgitation. For the prevention of postoperative congestive heart failure, early surgical correction of mitral regurgitation should be considered before left ventricular dysfunction occurs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Dujardin
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Seward
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Orszulak
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Schaff
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tajik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Enriquez-Sarano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality