title: Deep halothane anaesthesia compared with halothane-suxamethonium anaesthesia for tracheal intubation in young children.
abstract: A double-blind and randomized study design was used to investigate 100 healthy children, aged 1-5 years. Intubating conditions and cardiovascular changes during deep halothane anaesthesia, defined as an end-tidal concentration of 2%, were compared with those changes during 1% halothane and suxamethonium relaxation. Intubating conditions were graded according to the ease of laryngoscopy, vocal cord position, coughing and jaw relaxation. In each group 96% of the children demonstrated acceptable intubating conditions. Jaw relaxation was worse in the 1% halothane/-suxamethonium group (P < 0.01). When anaesthesia with 2% or 1% halothane was compared there was a more pronounced decrease in systolic blood pressure (18 vs. 8%, P < 0.001). Junctional rhythm occurred more frequently during deep halothane anaesthesia (46 vs. 18%, P < 0.01). Intravenously (i.v.) administered atropine attenuated blood pressure depression significantly and reinstituted sinus rhythm in most cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Benjamin Franklin Medical Centre, Free University of Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Heitz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toussaint
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schaffartzik
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Striebel
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; D013390:Succinylcholine
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; D013390:Succinylcholine; D006221:Halothane