title: Comparison of hysterosalpingography and hysteroscopy in female infertility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the diagnostic value of hysterosalpingography (HSG) and diagnostic hysteroscopy in infertility evaluations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative 2-year study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient infertility clinic of a tertiary medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred sixteen women being investigated for infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  An HSG was followed by a diagnostic hysteroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HSGs were interpreted as normal in 79 (36.9%) women and as showing some abnormalities of the uterine cavity in 135 (63.1%). In the former group, 51 patients had a normal uterine cavity, but 28 had abnormal findings on hysteroscopy, a false negative rate of 35.4%. Of 135 women with an abnormal HSG, hysteroscopy found a normal uterine cavity in 21, a false positive rate of 15.6%. The sensitivity of HSG was 80.3% in revealing intrauterine abnormality and its specificity was 70.1%. Although some abnormalities were identified by both methods in 114 women, findings of both procedures were similar in only 88 (77.2%). In 75 (35.0%), the findings of HSG differed from those of hysteroscopy. In only 139 (65%) patients were the findings (normal and abnormal) similar for both methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We advocate hysteroscopy in the investigation of female infertility for its accuracy, safety, simplicity, and convenience.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, 5 Fu-Hsin Street, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Soong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity