title: Routine intraoperative cholangiography is feasible and efficient during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This is the evaluation of the feasibility and results of routine laparoscopic intraoperative cholangiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicentric prospective study in 315 consecutive patients undergoing elective or urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The success rate was 94%. Mean duration of intraoperative cholangiography was 12 min. Sixteen of 18 failures were related to a narrow cystic duct. One cystic duct avulsion (ligated under laparoscopy) and 2 false positive cholangiograms (1 transcystic exploration, 1 conversion) were noted. Intraoperative cholangiography revealed aberrant bile ducts possibly at risk to injury from dissection in four patients (1.3 per cent). Intraoperative cholangiography disclosed unsuspected stones in 10 patients (4%). Forty-five patients had a preoperative suspicion of choledocholithiasis: choledocholithiasis were found at intraoperative cholangiography in 3 of 13 patients who had preoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy for stone extraction, in 1 of 11 patients with normal preoperative endoscopic cholangiography, and in 11 of 21 patients undergoing surgery alone (57%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If complete clearance of choledocholithiasis is to remain the objective of surgical treatment of biliary lithiasis including laparoscopic cholecystectomy, then routine intraoperative cholangiography is feasible and efficient.
authors.affiliation: Département de Chirurgie Digestive A, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Millat
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deleuze
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Saxce
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Seguin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fingerhut
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002758:Cholangiography; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000601:surgery*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged