Use of a catecholamine sensor in the control of an artificial heart system.
An electrochemical sensor system to allow real-time measurement and feedback of catecholamine concentrations was developed for use in the control of artificial hearts. Electrochemical analyses were carried out using a carbon fiber working electrode, an Ag-AgCl reference electrode, and a potentiostat. The operating parameters of the pneumatically-driven artificial heart system were altered in accordance with the algorithm for changes in the catecholamine concentration. The minimum detectable concentrations of both adrenaline and noradrenaline in a mock circulatory system using a phosphate-buffered solution were approximately 1-2 ng/ml (10(-8) mol/L). An artificial heart control system utilizing this set-up performed satisfactorily without delay, although sensor sensitivity decreased when placed in goat plasma instead of a phosphate-buffered solution, due to the adsorption of various substances such as plasma proteins onto the electrodes. This study demonstrated the future feasibility of a feedback control system for artificial hearts using catecholamine concentrations.
Mabuchi
K
K
Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Chinzei
T
T
Abe
Y
Y
Imanishi
K
K
Isoyama
T
T
Matsuura
H
H
Tago
T
T
Kouno
A
A
Ono
T
T
Imachi
K
K
Fujimasa
I
I
D000327:Adsorption; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002021:Buffers; D002244:Carbon; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D006041:Goats; D006354:Heart, Artificial / Q000592:standards*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D012015:Reference Standards; D012834:Silver; D018030:Silver Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
D001798:Blood Proteins; D002021:Buffers; D010710:Phosphates; D018030:Silver Compounds; D012834:Silver; D002244:Carbon; C037548:silver chloride; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine