title: New anti-human immunodeficiency virus immunoblot assays resolve nonspecific western blot results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Two new anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 (HIV-1/2) immunoblot assays, which use recombinant and synthetic antigens for antibody detection have become available. These assays might be able to resolve indeterminate anti-HIV Western blot results.
  
  
  METHODS
  The new anti-HIV immunoblot assays were used to test 67 samples from 31 HIV infected and 24 noninfected persons showing various anti-HIV Western blot patterns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The immunoblots correctly identified eight HIV-2-positive samples and five late-stage HIV-1-positive samples. After 30 samples from 18 seroconverting persons were tested, the Western blot showed reactivity in 24 of 30 samples and the immunoblots showed reactivity in 21 of 30 samples (difference not significant). In 16 of 30 seroconversion samples, both immunoblot assays produced HIV-1-positive results. In accordance with various criteria for interpretation, the number of positive Western blot results was as follows: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 16 of 30 and World Health Organization, 13 of 30. When samples from non-HIV-infected persons were tested, both immunoblot assays resolved 20 (83%) of 24 samples showing indeterminate Western blot reactivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the sensitivity of the immunoblot assays should be validation in larger studies, the mere specificity of these assays makes them valuable for the exclusion of HIV infection in Western blot-indeterminate, HIV p24 antigen-negative samples.
authors.affiliation: Viral Serology Department, Central Laboratory, Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service (CLB), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Zaaijer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Rixel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van Exel-Oehlers
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Cuypers
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Lelie
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000592:standards*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies