title: Developmental trajectory and disease progression in schizophrenia: the conundrum, and insights from a 12-year prospective study in the Monaghan 101.
abstract: Though conceptualised originally as a deteriorating disorder, some contemporary studies have been interpreted as challenging these foundations; more radically, it has been proposed that schizophrenia may be a 'static encephalopathy' of neurodevelopmental origin. The argument offered here is that schizophrenia is indeed a neurodevelopmental disorder, but that this is not in itself antithetical to later disease progression. Rather, the onset of psychosis may reflect the maturationally-mediated triggering of an active disease process that is associated with progressive deterioration unless attenuated by antipsychotic drugs. A developmental trajectory is proposed to link first or early second trimester dysplasia to the chronic course of the illness; from this, it is argued that schizophrenia is inherently a progressive disorder but that antipsychotic drugs may act to ameliorate this progressive component and thus confer on the disease course some of the characteristics of a 'static encephalopathy'. The 'true' natural history of an illness cannot be determined from studies in treated populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Waddington
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Scully
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Youssef
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents