title: Detection and segmental location of malignant hepatic tumors: comparison of ferumoxides-enhanced gradient-echo and T2-weighted spin-echo MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our prospective study was to compare the values of ferumoxides-enhanced gradient-echo and T2-weighted spin-echo MR imaging for the detection and segmental location of malignant hepatic tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen patients underwent ferumoxides-enhanced T2 weighted spin-echo and steady-state gradient-echo imaging before surgery. Intraoperative sonography was used as the reference examination and showed 28 malignant tumors involving 39 of the 144 hepatic segments. The MR images were reviewed independently by two observers who recorded the number of tumors and their segmental location. The results of the segmental location were subjected to receiver-operating-characteristic analysis. Tumor-liver, vessel-liver, and tumor-vessel contrast-to-noise ratios were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Detection on the gradient-echo images did not differ significantly from that on the T2-weighted spin-echo MR images (observers A and B detected 23 and 24 tumors, respectively, on the gradient-echo images; the two observers each detected 22 tumors on the T2-weighted spin-echo images). Segmental localization was significantly better on the gradient-echo images than on the T2-weighted spin-echo images (mean area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve: 0.974 versus 0.895 for observer A and 0.962 versus 0.906 for observer B, p = .024). The highest contrast-to-noise ratios for vessel to liver and tumor to vessel were obtained on the gradient-echo images and the highest tumor-liver contrast-to-noise ratio was obtained on the T2-weighted spin-echo images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study, ferumoxides-enhanced gradient-echo imaging was as accurate as T2-weighted spin-echo imaging for revealing malignant hepatic tumors and was superior for showing their segmental location.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St-Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Van Beers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lacrosse
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jamart
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grandin
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Gigot
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horsmans
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Demeure
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pringot
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D005260:Female; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000556:secondary; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010087:Oxides; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D013535:Suspensions
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010087:Oxides; D013535:Suspensions; D007501:Iron; C065507:ferumoxides; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide