title: Does the nature of the solvent affect the anti-inflammatory capacity of triclosan? An experimental study.
abstract: The anti-inflammatory properties of triclosan have been revealed in several recent studies, including an effect on histamine-induced inflammation. In other studies, the nature of the solvent has been shown to be of importance for the plaque inhibiting as well as the antibacterial potential of triclosan. This study was aimed at examining whether the nature of the solvent also may influence the anti-inflammatory capacity of triclosan and further to study a possible dose/ response relationship. The study was performed as 3 separate, double-blind experiments, comprising 10, 11 and 12 healthy females. In all 3 experiments, 5 sites on the lower part of the back of the volunteers were intradermally exposed to one drop of 1% histamine dihydrochloride for 15 min. The size of the resulting wheals was recorded before and after 40 min of triclosan treatment. In experiment 1, 4 different concentrations of triclosan in 2-fold dilutions in absolute alcohol (0.125%-1%) were applied on the histamine-induced wheals. In experiments 2 and 3, 4 different solutions containing 0.5% triclosan and a saline solution as negative control were used. The solvents in experiment 2 were as follows: (1) absolute alcohol (positive control), (2) propylene glycol (PG), (3) polyethylene glycol (PEG), (4) olive oil, and in experiment 3: (1) absolute alcohol (positive control), (2) Tween 80, (3) sodium carbonate, (4) soy oil. The results showed a dose/ response effect of triclosan and further that the solvent may be of importance for its anti-inflammatory potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of, Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Skaare
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kjaerheim
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barkvoll
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rölla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D002254:Carbonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006632:Histamine; D006801:Humans; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D000069463:Olive Oil; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology; D012882:Skin Tests; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014260:Triclosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002254:Carbonates; D000069463:Olive Oil; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D010938:Plant Oils; D011136:Polysorbates; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C005686:sodium carbonate; D014260:Triclosan; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D006632:Histamine