title: Reduced long-term survival following major peptic ulcer haemorrhage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The late outcome of patients who present with major peptic ulcer haemorrhage is unclear. An examination was made of the hypothesis that prognosis may be poor because many such patients have severe co-morbid diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Some 121 patients treated endoscopically for severe peptic ulcer haemorrhage were followed for a median of 36 (range 30-76) months and outcome was compared with that of age- and sex-matched controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients (25 per cent) died during the follow-up period and Kaplan-Meier plots showed reduced survival in patients with ulcers (P < 0.01). Death was restricted largely to patients who had co-morbid diseases. Eight of the remaining 91 patients had further peptic ulcer bleeding; two of these were taking maintenance acid-reducing therapy and only one had significant dyspepsia before rebleeding. Eighty-three per cent of surviving patients had little or no dyspepsia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The late prognosis of patients who present with major ulcer haemorrhage is poor, but most deaths are a consequence of co-morbid disease and not recurrent ulcer bleeding. Most patients have little dyspepsia and those who rebleed are largely free from dyspepsia.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kubba
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Choudari
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rajgopal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Palmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019856:Ethanolamine; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010438:Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D012008:Recurrence; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004983:Ethanolamines; D019856:Ethanolamine; D004837:Epinephrine