title: Effect of inhaled furosemide and cromolyn on bronchoconstriction induced by ultrasonically nebulized distilled water in asthmatic subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inhaled furosemide has been shown recently to produce a protective effect against bronchoconstriction induced by several indirect stimuli, including ultrasonically nebulized distilled water (UNDW). Since there is a close parallel between its experimental effects and those reported for cromolyn,/it has been suggested that they may share some common mechanisms of action. Their protective effect, however, has never been compared directly. In this study, therefore, we have investigated the ability of equal doses (30 mg) of inhaled furosemide and cromolyn to modulate bronchoconstriction induced by UNDW in a group of ten asthmatic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with documented bronchial response to UNDW were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Treatments were administered five minutes prior to increasing outputs of UNDW and the response was expressed as the provocative output causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PO20, in mL/min) and as the output-response slope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Geometric mean PO20 increased from 1.53 to 4.05 mL/min (P < .0004) after furosemide. After inhaling the highest output of UNDW (5.2 mL/min), PO20 was not measurable in six of ten patients when pretreated with furosemide and in all patients when pretreated with cromolyn. This difference was statistically significant (P < .05). Geometric mean values of output-response slope significantly decreased from 13.6 to 2.97 after furosemide (P < .0001) and from 13.6 to 1.43 (P < .0002) after cromolyn.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that cromolyn has a slightly greater anti-reactive activity in UNDW-induced bronchoconstriction compared to furosemide.
authors.affiliation: Servizio di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria G Campari Modulo di Allergologia ed Immunopatologia Polmonare, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siffredi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mastropasqua
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pelucchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiesa
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marazzini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foresi
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D005665:Furosemide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008688:Methacholine Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D004232:Diuretics; D008688:Methacholine Compounds; D014867:Water; D005665:Furosemide; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium