title: Genetics in rhythm.
abstract: Rhythmic phenomena are widespread in biology. Genetic analysis of 24 hour circadian rhythms has a long history, and recent studies of circadian clock genes in Drosophila and Neurospora provide insight into clock mechanisms, including rhythm generation, clock setting by external signals and temperature compensation of rhythm. Faster biological rhythms, called ultradian rhythms, vary widely in periodicity and are likely to be generated by diverse mechanisms. In animals, ultradian rhythms are important in many neuromuscular systems, such as heartbeat, peristalsis and breathing. Recent progress has been made in the genetic analysis of heartbeat in humans and an ultradian rhythm controlling defecation in Caenorhabditis elegans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA. iwasaki@genetics.washington.edu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000204:Activity Cycles / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000502:physiology*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics*; D004330:Drosophila / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004527:Egg Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009491:Neurospora / Q000502:physiology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins; D010507:Periodicity
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004527:Egg Proteins; C082454:Frq protein, Drosophila; D019476:Insect Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C539040:PER protein, Drosophila; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins; C066329:dec-1 protein, Drosophila; C096445:tim protein, Drosophila