title: Highly increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and other proinflammatory cytokines in psoriatic arthritis synovial fluid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the potential role of cytokines in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) by assessing the profiles of the proinflammatory cytokines in synovial fluid (SF) of PsA in comparison with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, and IL-8 were measured in SF using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-8 were significantly higher in PsA SF than in OA SF, although lower than in RA SF. No difference was detected in the IL-6 levels between PsA and RA SF, both of which were much higher than in OA SF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of expression of proinflammatory cytokines seen in PsA is similar to that in RA. Since PsA is also a destructive arthropathy, cytokines, in particular TNF-alpha and IL-1, may be principle factors in joint destruction.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Rheumatology, Vienna-Oberlaa, Austria.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Partsch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Leeb
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dunky
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bröll
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Smolen
mesh_terms: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015535:Arthritis, Psoriatic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha