title: Epithelium related deposition of activated complement in Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is unknown whether Helicobacter pylori infection activates complement in vivo. Mucosal deposition of various activation products of the complement system may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis and was therefore studied by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ethanol fixed antrum or body gastric tissue sections from 24 patients infected with H pylori (determined by bacterial immunohistochemistry) and 22 uninfected patients were examined by immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies to activation neoepitopes in C3b and in the terminal complex (TCC). As a control group, biopsy samples from the gastric stump of 23 Billroth II operated patients were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patchy, bright staining for TCC occurred below the surface epithelium and around the glands in H pylori positive and negative gastritis as well as in stump gastritis but seldom in normal mucosa. Activated C3 was present at the apical face of the surface epithelium, significantly more often in the antrum and body from patients with than without H pylori infection (p = 0.05 and p = 0.03 respectively), and particularly in samples with granulocyte infiltration (p = 0.04). Many bacteria were coated with activated C3 towards the pit openings but seldom within the foveolae.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local complement activation was shown to take place in simple chronic gastritis, associated as well as unassociated with H pylori infection, and also in stump gastritis. The fact that activated C3 was seldom seen on H pylori within the foveolae, suggested that the bacterium evades complement attack in this location.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology (LIIPAT), University of Oslo, National Hospital, Norway.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Berstad
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brandtzaeg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stave
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Halstensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003167:Complement Activation; D003179:Complement C3b / Q000032:analysis*; D015938:Complement Membrane Attack Complex / Q000032:analysis*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015938:Complement Membrane Attack Complex; D003179:Complement C3b