title: Genetic risk factors in inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms: polymorphic residue 70 in the HLA-DR B1 gene as a key genetic element.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evidence of a genetic predisposition to the development of inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) exists as a positive family history in 17% of patients. Familial clustering and other similarities between inflammatory AAAs and giant cell arteritis (GCA), which possesses a genetic risk determinant mapped to the HLA-DR molecule, suggest a role of genetic risk factors in inflammatory AAAs. The purpose of this study was to explore whether patients with inflammatory AAAs express disease-relevant genes associated with the HLA-DR region on the short arm of chromosome 6.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven patients with histomorphologic findings of inflammatory AAA at operation were genotyped for the polymorphism of the HLA-DR B1 and HLA DQ B1 alleles and compared to ethnically matched, healthy control subjects (n = 90).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Distribution of HLA-DR B1 alleles was nonrandom in patients with inflammatory AAAs versus control subjects. The HLA-DR B1 alleles B1*15 and B1*0404 were enriched in patients with inflammatory AAAs compared with control subjects (47% versus 27%, and 14% versus 3%; p < 0.05, respectively). Analysis of functionally relevant amino acid polymorphisms encoded by the HLA-DR B1 gene showed relevance at amino acid position 70. HLA-DR B1 alleles overrepresented in patients with inflammatory AAAs express a glutamine substitution at position 70, whereas alleles disfavored in the patient cohort express a negatively charged aspartic acid. Distribution of HLA-DQ B1 alleles were indistinguishable in patients and control subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that a genetic risk determinant can be mapped to the HLA-DR B1 locus in patients with inflammatory AAAs. This association suggests a critical contribution of antigen binding in the pathogenesis of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hallett
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Harmsen
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Goronzy
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Weyand
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D013700:Giant Cell Arteritis / Q000235:genetics; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains