title: Ureteral stenting using a combined antegrade/retrograde procedure. A technique for difficult cases.
abstract: Ureteral stenting is a procedure of daily routine. There are however cases in which cystoscopic placement of a stent fails despite various technical aids. Percutaneous nephrostomy is usually performed in those patients. In some cases however it is no reasonable alternative. For these special cases we used a combined antegrade/retrograde technique consisting in antegrade guide wire insertion followed by retrograde ureteral stenting. In 8 of 12 cases it was finally possible to insert a ureteral stent with this method. To our mind this technique should be applied when other attempts of stenting have failed and percutaneous nephrostomy is no reasonable alternative.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wirth
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Loch
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D020684:Cystoscopes; D006801:Humans; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014567:Urography