Differences in the impact of dietary restrictions on African Americans and Caucasians with NIDDM.
African-American and Caucasian patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were surveyed to determine differences in self-reported dietary adherence. The relationship between dietary adherence and other psychosocial factors also was explored. The Diabetes Care Profile, an instrument designed to assess psychosocial factors related to diabetes, was completed by 178 patients. Correlation and regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between dietary adherence and 15 other scales in this instrument. Regression analyses revealed that selected scales were better at predicting dietary adherence for African Americans than for Caucasians. Self-care adherence was the most significant predictor of dietary adherence for African Americans while support was the most significant predictor for Caucasians. These findings suggest that cultural and social functions of food and diet should be examined and incorporated in the development of appropriate meal plans and educational interventions.
Fitzgerald
J T
JT
Department of Postgraduate Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Drs Fitzgerald, An­derson, and Davis)
Anderson
R M
RM
Department of Postgraduate Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Drs Fitzgerald, An­derson, and Davis)
Funnell
M M
MM
The  Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Ms Funnell and Arnold)
Arnold
M S
MS
The  Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Ms Funnell and Arnold)
Davis
W K
WK
Department of Postgraduate Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Drs Fitzgerald, An­derson, and Davis)
Aman
L C
LC
Henry Ford Health System, Livonia, Michigan ( Ms Aman)
Jacober
S J
SJ
The Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan ( Drs Jacober and Grunberger)
Grunberger
G
G
The Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan ( Drs Jacober and Grunberger)
D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000208:ethnology*; D003927:Diet, Diabetic / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012648:Self Care; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*