title: The value of additional carpal box radiographs in suspected scaphoid fracture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Carpal Box (CB) radiographs, transverse and longitudinal, produce elongated and magnified views of the carpus. These radiographs can be used after carpal injury, in addition to conventional scaphoid x-rays. In this study, the use of CB radiographs was evaluated in patients with possible scaphoid fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-one consecutive patients who presented at the First Aid department from May 1994 to May 1995 were included. All patients were examined for scaphoid fracture after a fall on the out-stretched hand. If a scaphoid fracture was seen on the scaphoid x-rays, patients were immobilized. If the x-rays remained negative or dubious for fracture, additional transverse and longitudinal CB radiographs were obtained. If CB radiographs remained negative or inconclusive, patients were referred for three-phase bone scintigraphy. The results of independent and masked judgment by three different observers were used for an inter- and intraobserver analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty of 71 patients initially showed a scaphoid fracture on the conventional scaphoid x-rays, 41 were negative, and 10 inconclusive. All 41 negative patients remained negative on CB radiograph; however, the bone scintigraphy was positive for scaphoid fracture in 11 patients and in 9 patients a hot spot elsewhere in the carpus was found. Of the 10 patients with inconclusive x-rays, 2 showed a clear fracture of the scaphoid on CB radiograph, 5 were negative, and 3 remained inconclusive. The agreement between observers, calculated in kappa values, was highest in CB radiographs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the diagnosis of scaphoid fracture, Carpal Box radiography is of limited value in patients with clinically suspected scaphoid fracture. In two of 10 patients with initial dubious scaphoid x-ray, bone scintigraphy can be avoided. Furthermore, the reliability of the interpretation of the radiographs is increased by additional Carpal Box radiography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roolker
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Tiel-van Buul
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Bossuyt
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: van Grieken
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Broekhuizen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002348:Carpal Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011859:Radiography / Q000295:instrumentation*