title: Growth hormone therapy transiently increases apolipoprotein(a) in short beta-thalassaemia major children with normal growth hormone reserve.
abstract: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is now available for treatment of short stature due to growth hormone (GH) deficiency. It's potential use in other causes of short stature raises concerns about adverse effects of long term treatment on carbohydrate and lipoprotein metabolism. We describe the serial changes in lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins, including apo(a) in 12 children with beta-thalassaemia major undergoing rhGH treatment for 24-36 months. All showed satisfactory increases in height and weight. A significantly higher mean plasma apo(a) was observed at 3 months (102.6 U/l) versus baseline (71.4 U/l, P < 0.01, geometric means). Subsequently apo(a) levels gradually decreased returning to pretreatment levels after 36 months of rhGH treatment. There were parallel rises and falls in the apo(a) isoforms of different sizes during treatment. There were only minimal changes in the other lipid related parameters. All children had markedly reduced cholesterol levels (3.0 +/- 0.49 mmol/l, mean +/- S.D.) characteristic of their underlying disease. In conclusion the elevation of apo(a) by GH is only transient, there is no differential effect of rhGH on the large and small isoforms of apo(a) and there are no clinically significant adverse effects of rhGH treatment on lipoprotein metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Janus
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Low
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000483:Alleles; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D001827:Body Height; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors; D017086:beta-Thalassemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019382:Human Growth Hormone