title: The plasma kinetics and tissue distribution of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin in the Muscovy duck.
abstract: The disposition and tissue distribution of enrofloxacin and of its main metabolite ciprofloxacin were investigated in ducks after oral or intramuscular administration of a single dose of 10 mg/kg enrofloxacin. Plasma and tissue concentrations were determined by a HPLC method. The peak concentrations of enrofloxacin after intramuscular administration (1.67 micrograms/ml at 0.9 h) were higher than after an oral dose (0.99 microgram/ml at 1.38 h). The relative bioavailability of enrofloxacin after administration directly into the crop was 68%, while the metabolic conversion of enrofloxacin to ciprofloxacin was quite low (< 10%) with both routes of administration. High tissue concentrations and high tissue:plasma concentration ratios were demonstrated for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin 24 h after treatment. It was concluded that a dose of 10 mg/kg per day provides serum and tissue concentrations sufficiently high to be effective in the control of many infectious diseases of ducks.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Intorre
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mengozzi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bagliacca
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luchetti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soldani
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004372:Ducks; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D015363:Quinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D015363:Quinolones; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D002939:Ciprofloxacin