title: Endothelium inhibits the palytoxin-induced depolarization and Ca2+ mobilization in porcine coronary artery through endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor and nitric oxide released by palytoxin.
abstract: Palytoxin induced increases in cytosolic Ca2+ and tension, which were dependent on external Ca2+, and depolarized the membrane in endothelium-denuded porcine coronary arteries. When the endothelium was present, however, these effects were greatly inhibited, suggesting that some factors from endothelium inhibited the palytoxin-actions. Pretreatment with 100 microM N omega-nitro-L-arginine partially reversed the inhibitory effect of endothelium on the Ca2+ movement and the contraction but not that on the depolarization. Pretreatment with 10 microM indomethacin did not affect the inhibition. These results suggest that palytoxin released both nitric oxide and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) from the endothelium, both of which counteracted the actions of palytoxin on smooth muscle cells. It is thought that the palytoxin-induced depolarization was attenuated by hyperpolarization due to EDHF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003064:Cnidarian Venoms; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D000095702:Polyether Toxins
chemical_list: D000178:Acrylamides; D001685:Biological Factors; D001920:Bradykinin; D002118:Calcium; D003064:Cnidarian Venoms; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C067410:endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization factor; C010272:palytoxin; D000095702:Polyether Toxins