title: Cerebrospinal fluid lactate and glutamine are reduced in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse various metabolites in human cerebrospinal fluid from healthy controls and patients with multiple sclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cerebrospinal fluid was obtained from patients by lumbar puncture, frozen, redissolved, and analysed for metabolites by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly lower values for lactate and glutamine were found in patients with multiple sclerosis in comparison with controls. No significant differences were found between patients with the relapsing-remitting and chronic progressive forms of the disease for any of the metabolites measured.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a concomitant reduction in both lactate and glutamine in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis compared to controls. This may be related to altered astrocytic metabolism during the disease. The results clearly show the diagnostic potential of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Neurology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aasly
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gårseth
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sonnewald
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zwart
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Unsgård
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D005973:Glutamine / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007773:Lactates / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D013129:Spinal Puncture
chemical_list: D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007773:Lactates; D005973:Glutamine; D005947:Glucose