title: Histological evidence of fetal pig neural cell survival after transplantation into a patient with Parkinson's disease.
abstract: The movement disorder in Parkinson's disease results from the selective degeneration of a small group of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of the brain. A number of exploratory studies using human fetal tissue allografts have suggested that transplantation of dopaminergic neurons may become an effective treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease and the difficulty in obtaining human fetal tissue has generated interest in finding corresponding non-human donor cells. Here we report a post-mortem histological analysis of fetal pig neural cells that were placed unilaterally into the caudate-putamen brain region of a patient suffering from Parkinson's disease. Long-term (over seven months) graft survival was found and the presence of pig dopaminergic neurons and other pig neural and glial cells is documented. Pig neurons extended axons from the graft sites into the host brain. Furthermore, other graft derived cells were observed several millimeters from the implantation sites. Markers for human microglia and T-cells showed only low reactivity in direct proximity to the grafts. This is the first documentation of neural xenograft survival in the human brain and of appropriate growth of non-human dopaminergic neurons for a potential therapeutic response in Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital MRC 119, Belmont, Massachusetts 02178, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deacon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dinsmore
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kott
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Edge
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Penney
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kassissieh
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dempsey
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Isacson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000637:transplantation*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D013552:Swine; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous