title: Mono- and bispecific single-chain antibody fragments for cancer therapy.
abstract: Especially when dealing with solid cancers, single-chain antibody fragments (scFvs) have a lot of advantages. Due to their small size (27 kDa), these proteins clear more rapidly from the blood, and penetrate faster and deeper into tissues, than whole antibodies. Furthermore, the lack of constant regions ensures that they are not retained in tissues such as the liver and kidney. This reduces possible toxic side-effects. Single-chain construction is normally done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To decrease the overall cost of oligonucleotide primer synthesis, time-consuming primer design, multiple PCR reactions and individual PCR optimization, we designed a universal single-step overlap extension PCR protocol using hybridoma cDNA as a template. To overcome the lack of effector function, bispecific scFvs, consisting of an scFv produced against a tumour-associated antigen fused to a T cell marker-specific scFv, are being created, starting from already assembled scFv, by means of two additional PCR reactions. In this paper we describe both PCR methods that were successfully used to create scFvs against the human transferrin receptor, the human interleukin-2 receptor, the human CD3 molecule, a breast tumour-associated antigen and an anti-transferrin-anti-CD3 bispecific scFv.
authors.affiliation: Dr L Willems-Instituut, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thirion
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Motmans
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heyligen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raus
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vandevyver
mesh_terms: D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D001483:Base Sequence; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006825:Hybridomas; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D017252:CD3 Complex; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin