title: Characterization of C4-2 as a tumor-suppressor gene in human brain tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brain tumors claimed the lives of 13,300 people in 1995. Our objective was to isolate and characterize unique tumor-suppressor genes from human brain tumors derived from patients in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Differential display-polymerase chain reaction was used to isolate tumor suppressor genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clone C4-2 was isolated and is expressed in normal adult human brain, but not in brain tissue from glioblastoma multiforme tumors. C4-2 has 66% homology to the previously isolated ARPP-16 (cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of Mr = 16,000) based on limited sequencing. C4-2 is expressed at high levels in normal brain and is not expressed or expressed at low levels in several brain tumor cell lines. Expression of C4-2 was also either not expressed or expressed at low levels in meningioma, B-cell lymphoma, recurrent glioma, LNCAP (prostate tumor cell line), breast tumor, or prostate tumor tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that C4-2 may function as a potential tumor-suppressor gene.
authors.affiliation: Deke Slayton Center for Brain Cancer Studies, Northwest Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sehgal
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keener
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Boynton
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Vermeulen
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Yonemura
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Aldape
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Simrell
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D001483:Base Sequence; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015870:Gene Expression; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008579:Meningioma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured