title: Activation of beta-catenin-Tcf signaling in colon cancer by mutations in beta-catenin or APC.
abstract: Inactivation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene initiates colorectal neoplasia. One of the biochemical activities associated with the APC protein is down-regulation of transcriptional activation mediated by beta-catenin and T cell transcription factor 4 (Tcf-4). The protein products of mutant APC genes present in colorectal tumors were found to be defective in this activity. Furthermore, colorectal tumors with intact APC genes were found to contain activating mutations of beta-catenin that altered functionally significant phosphorylation sites. These results indicate that regulation of beta-catenin is critical to APC's tumor suppressive effect and that this regulation can be circumvented by mutations in either APC or beta-catenin.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, 424 North Bond Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Sparks
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Korinek
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Clevers
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vogelstein
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kinzler
mesh_terms: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D017491:Genes, APC; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; C544894:TCF7L2 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051176:beta Catenin