Attempted immunization of cats with feline infectious peritonitis virus propagated at reduced temperatures.
OBJECTIVE
To protect cats by inoculating them intratracheally with feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), followed by a second inoculation with virus propagated at reduced temperatures.


METHODS
Twelve 12-week-old, specific-pathogen-free kittens.


METHODS
Ten to 400,000 plaque-forming units (PFU) of virulent (low passage) FIPV, strain FIPV-1146 were inoculated intratracheally, followed by intranasal inoculation with high-passage FIPV-1146 (10(4) to 10(6) TCID50) on day 133. Cats were allotted to 2 groups and challenge exposed on day 188 by aerosolization of either virulent FIPV-1146 or FIPV-UCD1.


RESULTS
Two of the 3 severely affected kittens, given 3 dosages intratracheally, were euthanatized. The third kitten recovered. A serologic response was not detected in cats inoculated with 100 PFU or less and in 1 of 2 cats given 1,000 PFU. Clinical signs of infection were not observed in surviving cats after intranasal inoculation with high-passage FIPV-1146 133 days after the initial dose. All cats seroconverted. Aerosol challenge exposure of all kittens with either virulent FIPV-1146 or FIPV-UCD1 caused no adverse effects except in kittens previously affected after the first inoculation. Residual lesions of FIPV were observed histologically.


CONCLUSIONS
There appeared to be a beneficial effect clinically by intratracheal/intranasal inoculation, but not complete protection, as observed histologically.
Baldwin
C W
CW
Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, University of Georgia, Tifton 31793, USA.
Scott
F W
FW
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D016765:Coronavirus, Feline / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003643:Death; D016766:Feline Infectious Peritonitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage
D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines