title: Calcium modulates the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 in isolated colonic mucosal cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effect of calcium on colonic prostaglandin E2 synthesis was investigated in 26 healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biopsy specimens were obtained by colonoscopy and the mucosal cells were separated biochemically. The cells were incubated in EDTA or CaCl2 containing media for 15 and 30 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PGE2 synthesis was significantly (p < 0.001) diminished in the calcium free suspension (EDTA) compared to the CaCl2 containing suspension. To increase intracellular Ca2+ concentration, calcium ionophore A 23187 was added for the last 15 minutes. It significantly stimulated the prostaglandin production. In addition, the calcium channel blocker verapamil did not alter the PGE2 synthesis, whereas trifluoperazine, a calmodulin inhibitor, markedly decreased the production rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calcium is an important stimulus of prostaglandin synthesis and inhibition of calmodulin by trifluoperazine decreases the arachidonic metabolism. In these regards, colonic tissue shares features with other tissues. However, in contrast to smooth or cardiac muscle, intracellular calcium concentration in colonic mucosa is not affected by verapamil, indicating that colonic calcium channels have a different affinity to this drug.
authors.affiliation: Medical Policlinic, University of Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramachers
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baumeister
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vetter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kipnowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003470:Culture Media; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004492:Edetic Acid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014268:Trifluoperazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002147:Calmodulin; D003470:Culture Media; D014268:Trifluoperazine; D004492:Edetic Acid; D014700:Verapamil; D015232:Dinoprostone; D002118:Calcium