title: Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in surgical resections: relationship to coexistent adenocarcinoma and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the prostate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is associated with coincident prostate carcinoma, and has been considered to be a precursor of prostate carcinoma. Most studies on PIN have been performed on total prostatectomy or core needle biopsy specimens. Few reports deal with the occurrence of PIN in consecutive surgical resections, which is the objective of the current study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1135 nonselected surgical specimens from the prostate, examined during 1974 and 1975, underwent blind review by 2 experienced pathologists. There were 79 core needle biopsies, 731 transurethral resections of the prostate and 325 transvesical prostatic enucleations. The kappa coefficient for interobserver reproducibility was 0.66 for PIN and 0.86 for carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Grade 1 PIN was found in 9%, Grade 2 PIN in 32%, and Grade 3 PIN in 20% of the total cases. Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) was found in 11% and adenocarcinoma in 27% of the cases. Grade 3 PIN was associated with coincident adenocarcinoma in 39% of the cases. The prevalence of carcinoma for cases with Grade 1 and 2 PIN did not exceed that of those with Grade 0 PIN. PIN was most commonly found in association with small carcinomas. The mean age of the entire group of patients was 70.0 years, and was 69.4 years for patients with PIN without coincident carcinoma. Patients with PIN and coincident carcinoma had a mean age of 71.7 years, similar to all PIN grades, but patients with carcinoma without PIN had the highest mean age, 73.3 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PIN is a common histologic finding in tissues from prostatic resections. In this study, Grade 3 PIN was strongly associated with coincident carcinoma, but lower grade PIN was not. There was no association between PIN and AAH. Patients with PIN did not appear to have a higher mean age than corresponding patients without PIN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ullevaal Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Skjørten
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harvei
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Robsahm
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tretli
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery