title: Expression of the SPRR cornification genes is differentially affected by carcinogenic transformation.
abstract: The small proline rich protein (SPRR) genes constitute a family of conserved genes which are part of the human epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) on chromosome 1q21 and code for precursor proteins of the cornified cell envelope. The expression of these genes is strictly linked to keratinocyte terminal differentiation both in vivo and in vitro. Here we show that cultured cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) show significantly lower levels of SPRR expression than normal human keratinocytes. However, the residual SPRR expression in SCC lines appears to be both gene and cell line specific. Expression of SPRR2 appears to correlate well with the residual ability of these cells to differentiate. However, the kinetics of SPRR2 expression, following treatment with calcium, an inducer of keratinocyte differentiation, are typical for each cell line and differ substantially from the ones found in normal cells. In most cell lines a rapid transient expression of SPRR2 contrasts with a slow induction leading to a high sustained level of expression in normal cells. This pattern of expression is typical for SPRR2 and not observed for the other SPRR genes or involucrin. Our analysis indicates that the expression of various keratinocyte terminal differentiation markers, even when involved in the same biological process (cornification), can be differentially affected by carcinogenic transformation.
authors.affiliation: Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Leiden, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Lohman
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Medema
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ponec
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van de Putte
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Backendorf
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D055233:Cornified Envelope Proline-Rich Proteins; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D055233:Cornified Envelope Proline-Rich Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D002118:Calcium