title: Thirty-year results of Starr-Edwards prostheses in the aortic and mitral position.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Between 1963 and 1977 a total of 415 patients admitted to the University Hospital Munich underwent an isolated valve replacement with a Starr-Edwards prosthesis in the aortic or mitral position.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective follow-up of 87.1% of the patients representing 4,254 patient-years was completed. Surviving patients were examined by means of echocardiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival rates after 10, 20, and 30 years were 62.3%, 39.4%, and 19.9% after aortic valve replacement and 75%, 36.5%, and 22.6% after mitral valve replacement (operative mortality excluded). Freedom from all valve-related complications, reoperations, and valve-related death was 66.4%, 43.3%, and 23.8% after aortic valve replacement and 73.4%, 35.4%, and 14.3% after mitral valve replacement. Of the surviving patients, 82% and 76% who received aortic or mitral valves, respectively, are in New York Heart Association class I or II. The pressure gradients of the aortic valves were between 20 and 73 mm Hg; those of the mitral valves were between 9 and 30 mm Hg. Fifty-two percent of aortic and 68% of mitral valves show no echocardiographic peculiarities. The left ventricular function in both groups is normal in 64%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term results together with the echocardiographic results show that after 30 years the Starr-Edwards valve represents a standard that still needs to be achieved by newer prostheses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: O L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Gödje
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fischlein
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Adelhard
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nollert
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Klinner
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reichart
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001021:Aortic Valve; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors