title: Total en bloc spondylectomy. A new surgical technique for primary malignant vertebral tumors.
abstract: METHODS
  The study of seven patients with primary malignant or benign aggressive tumors who underwent a new aggressive surgical technique termed "total en bloc spondylectomy" is reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report a new surgical technique of total en bloc spondylectomy for complete, resection of primary spinal malignancy and for oncologic curability.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The conventional approach for primary spinal malignancy is via intralesional piecemeal resection, and very few reports have described en bloc extralesional resectioning with histopathologically wide or marginal surgical margins.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total en bloc spondylectomy, consisting of en bloc laminectomy and en bloc corpectomy followed by anterior instrumentation with spacer grafting and posterior spinal instrumentation, was performed in five patients with primary malignant tumors and two patients with giant cell tumors. Patients were observed for 2 years to 6.5 years, except for one patient who died 7 months after surgery because of a mediastinal metastasis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients, except one, attained significant clinical improvement after surgery with no major complications. Histologically, the margins were wide or marginal except for the pedicles, and occasionally the spinal canal and the posterior, where they were accepted to be intralesional. One patient died of metastasis that was not directly related to surgery itself. There was no local recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The advantages of total en bloc spondylectomy include resection of the involved vertebra(e) in two major blocs, rather than in a piecemeal pattern, and completion of the procedure during one surgical session posteriorly. The "total en bloc spondylectomy" offers one of the most aggressive modes of therapy for primary spinal malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toribatake
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018212:Giant Cell Tumor of Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D018219:Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009372:Neoplasms, Connective Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D010954:Plasmacytoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D012008:Recurrence; D013123:Spinal Fusion; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*