title: Potent inhibition by tamoxifen of spontaneous and agonist-induced contractions of the human myometrium and intramyometrial arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to elucidate the mechanism of direct (nongenomic) action of antiestrogens on spontaneous and agonist-induced contractions of the human myometrium and uterine arteries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myometrial strips and pieces of uterine arteries were obtained from nonpregnant premenopausal women undergoing hysterectomy. Spontaneous activity of myometrium and responses of myometrium and artery to K(+)-depolarization and vasopressin were recorded under isometric conditions. Quantification of the responses was done by planimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 50% inhibitory concentration values for tamoxifen, clomiphene, and cyclofenil in the case of myometrial spontaneous activity were 2.8, 43, and 331 nmol/L, respectively. Vasopressin-induced contractions in both the myometrium and arteries were potently inhibited by tamoxifen, and the 50% inhibitory concentration for the myometrium (1.4 nmol/L) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that for the arteries (11 nmol/L). Although tamoxifen caused no inhibition of responses induced by high potassium chloride (80 mmol/L), responses induced by low potassium chloride (20 mmol/L) were inhibited by 40% to 50% in both the myometrium and arteries. Glibenclamide reversed the inhibition by tamoxifen of spontaneous myometrial activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tamoxifen is a highly potent inhibitor of the contractile activity of the human nonpregnant myometrium and uterine arteries. It is suggested that tamoxifen could have strong potential in the treatment of dysmenorrhea.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Academy, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kostrzewska
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Laudañski
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Batra
mesh_terms: D001158:Arteries / Q000187:drug effects; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000494:pharmacology; D003506:Cyclofenil / Q000494:pharmacology; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D009215:Myometrium / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D013629:Tamoxifen; D014667:Vasopressins; D002996:Clomiphene; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D003506:Cyclofenil; D005905:Glyburide