title: Percutaneous coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the success rate and safety of percutaneous patient ductus arteriosus (PDA) coll occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty consecutive pediatric patients with small to moderate-size PDAs (minimum diameter < or = 4 mm) underwent percutaneous coll occlusion. The results were assessed by angiography and echocardiography. The mean age was 5.1 +/- 4.2 years (range, 0.8 to 18.8 years); mean weight was 19.2 +/- 10.3 kg (range, 8.1 to 40.0 kg). The mean minimum diameter of the PDA was 1.8 +/- 0.8 mm (range, 1.0 to 4.0 mm).
  
  
  RESULTS
  PDA occlusion was achieved with one coil in 24 patients, 2 coils in 3 patients and 3 coils in 3 patients. The mean coil/PDA diameter ratio was 2.5 +/- 0.5. Immediately after coil occlusion, 29 PDAs had no flow by anglography; one had a small residual shunt. There were no significant complications. In the first 24 hours after coil implantation, echocardiography showed complete occlusion in 28 patients, a small left-to-right shunt in the same patient that had a residual shunt by anglography, and a trace shunt in one additional patient. In the two patients with residual flow by echocardiography, follow-up ultrasonography revealed no residual shunt 1 and 3 months later. At a mean follow-up of 11.8 +/- 9.3 months (range, 0 to 36.0 months), there was no PDA flow by color Doppler echocardiography in any of the 30 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coil occlusion is a safe and effective method of percutaneous closure of small to moderate-size PDAs. The largest PDA that can be closed with this technique remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego 92103, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: V W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sklansky
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Cocalis
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Kashani
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011859:Radiography