title: A cost-effectiveness evaluation of laparoscopic disposable versus nondisposable infraumbilical cannulas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the safety and cost-effectiveness of disposable and nondisposable infraumbilical laparoscopic cannulas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of consecutive laparoscopic procedures performed from July 1, 1988, to June 30, 1994.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university-affiliated hospital. Patients. The 10,459 consecutive women who underwent laparoscopies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 10-mm disposable cannula was used in 529 laparoscopies and a nondisposable cannula in 9930, based on physician preference.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The only intraabdominal injuries associated with insertion of disposable and nondisposable cannulas were bowel injuries in one and three patients, respectively. The injury rates for the instruments were 19 and 3/10,000 cases, respectively, but were not statistically different (P <0.05, Fisher's two-tail exact test). The hospital cost per disposable cannula in 1994 was $63.71; the cost per procedure with the nondisposable cannula was amortized and was less than $1.35, including maintenance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Disposable cannulas were not cost effective and were associated with a higher but not statistically significant complication rate. Therefore, the more expensive disposable cannulas are not recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Henry Ford Health Systems, Eastern Region, 131 Kercheval, Grosse Point Farms, MI 48236, USA.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ransom
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: McNeeley
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Diamond
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004209:Disposable Equipment; D017743:Equipment Reuse; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000293:injuries; D020706:Laparoscopes; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics*; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000293:injuries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012449:Safety