title: A randomized trial of misoprostol and oxytocin for induction of labor: safety and efficacy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the safety and efficacy of misoprostol and oxytocin for induction of labor.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty women requiring induction of labor were randomized to receive either intravenous oxytocin or 100 micrograms misoprostol, administered intravaginally every 4 hours until labor was established.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with women receiving oxytocin, a greater percentage of women in the misoprostol group had Bishop scores of 3 or less (58 versus 38%, P < .05). Nonetheless, the median induction-to-delivery interval was significantly shorter (585 versus 885 minutes, P < .001) in the misoprostol group. Women in the misoprostol group were more likely to deliver vaginally within 24 hours of the start of induction (77 versus 55%, P < .002). Epidural analgesia was used more frequently in women receiving oxytocin than in those receiving misoprostol (73 versus 50%, P = .025). The total percentage of cesarean deliveries was not significantly different, although the percentage of cesarean deliveries for dystocia was lower in the misoprostol group (8 versus 21%, P = .02). Uterine tachysystole was significantly more common (70 versus 11%, P < .001) and hospital charges significantly less with misoprostol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with oxytocin for labor induction, misoprostol results in a shorter induction-to-delivery interval, a reduction in the rate of cesarean delivery for dystocia, and a decreased use of epidural analgesia. Uterine tachysystole is significantly more common with the use of misoprostol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Gilson
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gonzales
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Qualls
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000191:economics; D016595:Misoprostol; D010120:Oxytocics; D010121:Oxytocin; D011247:Pregnancy; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010120:Oxytocics; D016595:Misoprostol; D010121:Oxytocin