title: HTLV-I/II as a common etiology of myelopathies in Bahia, Brazil.
abstract: Infection by human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with a myelopathy known as tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). The prevalence of HTLV-I infection was found to be high in a pilot study in Bahia, Brazil. In the present study, among patients with myelopathy of unclear etiology, 27% (17/62) were immunoblot reactive to HTLV-I/II (serum and CSF), but none of 40 consecutive patients seen at the neurological clinic and having a well-established neurological diagnosis had detectable antibodies against those viruses (discrimination between HTLV-I and HTLV-II was not possible with the tests we used). The clinical syndrome of typical TSP with upper limb hyperreflexia was found to be a significant feature among the HTLV-I/II-seropositive patients compared to seronegative individuals. The 17 HTLV-I/II-reactive individuals had negative tests for syphilis, toxoplasmosis and schistosomiasis. TSP was also associated with female gender (P = 0.001). We conclude that TSP is strongly associated with HTLV-I/II infection in women in Bahia.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Andrade-Filho
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brites
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: dos-Santos
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Harrington Júnior
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Badaró
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015482:HTLV-II Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015491:HTLV-II Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015493:Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology*; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies; D015482:HTLV-II Antibodies