title: Comparison between Wako-WB003 and Fungitec G tests for detection of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in systemic mycosis.
abstract: The limulus factor G reacts with (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, a major structural component of fungal cell walls. The Fungitec G test is a colorimetric assay that measures the concentration of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan and is used as a serodiagnostic test for deep mycosis. Wako-WB003 is another assay for (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan that determines the change in turbidity of the gelatin reaction of limulus factor G with (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan. In five rabbits inoculated intravenously with 1 x 10(7) CFU of Candida albicans, the concentration of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan measured by the fungitec G test increased gradually reaching a peak of 660.9 +/- 427.9 pg/ml (mean +/- SD) 4 days after inoculation, but to 42.225 +/- 41.275 ng/ml on day 6 in the Wako-WB003 test. In one rabbit challenged intravenously with 5 x 10(6) CFU of C. albicans, (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan increased to 101.5 pg/ml on day 4 on the fungitec G test, whereas the level remained below the detection limit of the Wako-WB003 test throughout the course of the disease. We also detected high concentrations of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in 11 patients with candidemia, 4 with suspected candidemia, 1 with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and 12 patients with aspergilloma. The concentration of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan measured by the Fungitec G test was > 150, > 1006.8; 312.1, and 55.6 +/- 37.4 pg/ml (range, 20.1-138.0 pg/ml), and by the Wako-WB003 test > 153.000, > 17.70, 153.000 and 2.645 +/- 7.248 ng/ml (range, < 25.20 ng/ml) in these patients, respectively. In contrast, the concentration of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in 9 patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis and 6 with superficial candida colonization ranged from < 13.2 and < 15.3 pg/ml in the Fungitec G test and < 0.53 and < 0.12 ng/ml in Wako-WB003 test. There was a weak relationship between the concentration of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan measured by the Fungitec G test and Wako-WB003 test (r = 0.521). Our results indicate that the sensitivity of the Wako-WB003 test is lower than that of the Fungitec G test.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsutake
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kakeya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagihara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otsubo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirakata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000737:chemistry*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D005936:Glucans / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008033:Limulus Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011817:Rabbits; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D047071:beta-Glucans
chemical_list: D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D005936:Glucans; D047071:beta-Glucans; C033363:beta-1,3-glucan