title: The middle ear of a lion: comparison of structure and function to domestic cat.
abstract: Acoustic and anatomical measurements were made on the middle ear of a deceased lion and compared with measurements from the domestic cat. The acoustic input impedance and sound-transmission ratios measured in the two species have similar features but differ quantitatively. Three-dimensional anatomical reconstructions show that the middle-ear structures of the lion and cat are similarly arranged but have large differences in absolute and relative size. In all fields, a bony septum divides the middle-ear air space into two cavities that are coupled through a small opening. A six-element analog-circuit model based on this distinctive structure captures the main features of both sets of middle-ear frequency responses, except at high frequencies. The element values are consistent with the structural dimensions of the cavities. The results suggest that quantitative measures of middle-ear cavity structure could allow prediction of frequency-dependent features of acoustic sensitivity for the entire cat family.
authors.affiliation: Eaton-Peabody Laboratory of Auditory Physiology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston 02114, USA.
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rosowski
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Flandermeyer
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Peake
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000162:Acoustics; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D002415:Cats / Q000502:physiology*; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008045:Lions / Q000502:physiology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed