title: Evidence for production of paralytic shellfish toxins by bacteria associated with Alexandrium spp. (Dinophyta) in culture.
abstract: A substantial proportion of bacteria from five Alexandrium cultures originally isolated from various countries produced sodium channel blocking (SCB) toxins, as ascertained by mouse neuroblastoma assay. The quantities of SCB toxins produced by bacteria and dinoflagellates were noted, and the limitations in comparing the toxicities of these two organisms are discussed. The chemical nature of the SCB toxins in selected bacterial isolates was determined as paralytic shellfish toxins by pre- and postcolumn high-performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry, and enzyme immunoassay.
authors.affiliation: SOAEFD, Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. gallachers@marlab.ac.uk
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gallacher
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Brueggemann
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Hines
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005506:Food Contamination; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012758:Shellfish / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D057096:Shellfish Poisoning
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D009498:Neurotoxins