title: Association between latex sensitization and repeated latex exposure in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children with spina bifida are at greater risk for latex and ethylene oxide sensitization. The authors' aim in this study was to evaluate the role of previous surgical procedures in the development of sensitization to latex and ethylene oxide.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors investigated 80 children 1-16 yr old, separated into 3 groups. Two groups had a history of 3 or more general anesthetics: 29 children had spina bifida (spina bifida group) and 31 had undergone multiple surgeries for another disease (multiple surgeries group). A control group of 20 children had undergone less than 1 anesthetic. Clinical manifestations with latex, perioperative anaphylactic reactions, and number of previous anesthetics were recorded. Skin prick tests with a commercial extract of latex, four common inhalant allergens, and radioallergosorbent test to latex and ethylene oxide were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three groups did not differ significantly with respect to age, sex, and atopic status. Mean number of anesthetics was comparable in the spina bifida and the multiple surgeries group. Latex sensitization was common in the spina bifida group (59%) and in the multiple surgeries group (55%) but not in the control group (0%, P < 0.05). Ethylene oxide sensitization was significantly more frequent in the spina bifida group than in the multiple surgeries group (44% vs. 19%; P = 0.052) and strongly associated with latex sensitization. Mean number of previous anesthetics was greater in children sensitized to latex (8.4 vs. 3.9; P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that it is the number of surgical procedures rather than spina bifida per se that is related to sensitization to latex.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Porri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pradal
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lemière
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Birnbaum
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mege
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lanteaume
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Charpin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vervloet
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Camboulives
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D005027:Ethylene Oxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012408:Rubber / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012737:Sex Factors; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D012408:Rubber; D005027:Ethylene Oxide