title: Further study on the effects of coffee cherry on spontaneous mammary tumourigenesis in mice: effects of methanol extract.
abstract: To examine the effective components in the antitumourigenic role of water extract of coffee cherry (CC), and the residue after removal of beans, the dry matter of coffee cherry was extracted repeatedly by 60% methanol and further divided into water-soluble and -insoluble fractions (CC-W and CC-M, respectively). Free access to CC-W (0.25% in tap water) markedly inhibited mammary tumour development in SHN virgin mice, while it had no effect on the growth of normal and preneoplastic mammary glands and established tumours. Associated with this, urinary excretion of some components and intrathymic T cell differentiation were stimulated by the treatment with the CC. CC-W had little affect on the endocrine system, including serum prolactin level, oestrous cycles and endocrine organs, but retarded ovarian degeneration in mice developing mammary tumours. The finding in CC-W were generally similar to those in CC. Fat emulsion of CC-M, which was only checked for mammary tumour growth owing to the limited amount available, showed no effect at the dose level used (0.25% in drinking water). Finally, the previous and the present findings taken together strongly suggest that the effective components of coffee cherry are in the water-soluble fraction.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Animal Research Laboratory, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inatomi
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003069:Coffee / Q000737:chemistry*; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000432:Methanol; D051379:Mice; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D003069:Coffee; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000432:Methanol