title: Transurethral bladder tumor resection alters fibronectin expression in transitional carcinoma cell lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of TGF beta 1 and post-transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) urine on fibronectin (FN) expression by transitional carcinoma (TCC) cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Northern analysis and rtPCR for mRNA transcripts, in combination with ELISA and immunohistochemistry for protein, were used to quantify the effect of TGF beta 1 and post-TURBT urine on cellular expression of FN in two TCC lines, 253J and 647V. The TGF beta 1-dependent nature of the response seen in post-TURBT urine was confirmed using exogenous TGF beta 1 or blocking antibodies to TGF beta 1. Active and latent levels of TGFb1 were measured in post-TURBT urine and urine "spiked" cell culture media.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline FN expression was low in the poorly differentiated, metastatic 253J line and high in the moderately differentiated 647V line. TGF beta 1 and post-TURBT urine increased FN expression at both the mRNA and protein levels in the 253J line. Anti-TGF beta 1 antibodies inhibited the effect of post-TURBT urine on FN expression in 253J cells. High levels of TGF beta 1 decreased FN expression in 647V cells. Only latent TGF beta 1 was present in samples of urine and media.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FN production in low expressing TCC lines can be augmented by exogenous TGF beta 1. TURBT increases latent urinary TGF beta 1 which in turn affects TCC FN expression. Altered tumor expression of FN following TURBT may influence the effectiveness of intravesical BCG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242-1089, USA.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: See
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Severson
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ladehoff
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014521:Urethra; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D005353:Fibronectins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta