title: Stereotactic irradiation without whole-brain irradiation for single brain metastasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effectiveness of stereotactic irradiation (STI) alone without whole-brain irradiation (WBI) for a single metastatic brain tumor was analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four patients with this condition were treated using radiosurgery (RS) alone or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSR) without WBI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The initial response rate was 92% and the overall local control rate was 84% (37 of 44 patients). A total of 39% (18 of 44) of patients experienced intracranial relapse outside the initial target area. Forty-eight percent (21 of 44) of patients required salvage treatment for intracranial relapse. All 7 patients who received WBI as salvage treatment required no further salvage treatment, but 5 of the 14 patients who received salvage STI without WBI required three to four treatments for brain metastasis. Late radiation damage was not seen with initial treatment but was observed with retreatment. The overall median survival time was 261 days, with a standard error of 64 days. Actuarial survival at 12 and 24 months was 34% and 9%, respectively. The actuarial survival rate was significantly affected by the existence of active extracranial disease (p = 0.041).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high response rate and short treatment period of STI alone are advantageous in the treatment of single brain metastasis in patients with active extracranial disease with WBI reserved for relapse. Because of the low complication rate, STI alone may be also useful in patients with good prognosis, without extracranial disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirato
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sawamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyamachi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D016019:Survival Analysis