title: Chondroitin and keratan sulphate epitopes, glycosaminoglycans, and hyaluronan in progressive versus non-progressive osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if a single time point estimation of chondroitin sulphate (CS) or keratan sulphate (KS) epitopes, hyaluronan (HA), or total glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in knee synovial fluid at time of hospital referral can predict subsequent radiographic progression of knee osteoarthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of hospital referred patients with knee osteoarthritis were compared: (1) a "progressive" group (n = 45), showing further reduction in radiographic joint space of at least one grade (0-3) in at least one compartment; and (2) a "non-progressive" group (n = 25) in whom radiographs showed no change during the mean follow up period of 2.3 years (median 2, range 1 to 5 years). Knee synovial fluid obtained at the first visit was examined by ELISA for: CS epitopes, using monoclonal antibodies 3B3 and 7D4; KS epitope, using monoclonal antibody 5D4; and HA, using biotinylated HA binding region of cartilage proteoglycan. Total sulphated GAG were measured by dye binding with 1:9 dimethylmethylene blue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with bilateral synovial fluid data right and left knee values were closely correlated for all variables. There were no significant differences between CS and KS epitopes, HA, total sulphated GAG, or ratios of individual CS or KS epitopes to total GAG, between progressive and non-progressive groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single time point estimation of CS, KS, HA, or total GAG in synovial fluid does not distinguish radiographically progressive and non-progressive knee osteoarthritis patients followed for two years.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Unit, City Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fawthrop
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yaqub
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belcher
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bayliss
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ledingham
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doherty
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D018450:Disease Progression; D000939:Epitopes / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D007632:Keratan Sulfate / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000473:pathology; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000939:Epitopes; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D007632:Keratan Sulfate