title: One year follow-up of patients with rhinitis medicamentosa after vasoconstrictor withdrawal.
abstract: The aim of the study was to systematically follow-up 10 patients with rhinitis medicamentosa for at least 1 year after vasoconstrictor withdrawal. During withdrawal of the decongestants the patients used budesonide nasal spray, 400 micrograms/day, for 6 weeks. The thickness of the nasal mucosa, the decongestive effect of oxymetazoline, and the histamine sensitivity were measured with rhinostereometry during the period. The thickness of the nasal mucosa and the symptom scores of nasal stuffiness were reduced considerably 6 and 12 months after vasoconstrictor withdrawal. The histamine sensitivity reflecting nasal hyperreactivity was still increased after 6 months, but not after 1 year. The decongestive effect of oxymetazoline increased after 6 months, indicating reversible tolerance. We conclude that when given adequate treatment and information about nose-drop overuse, all patients were able to stop using the vasoconstrictors and no one relapsed into a daily long-term overuse of vasoconstrictors during the 1-year follow-up period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hallén
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019819:Budesonide; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006632:Histamine; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D014663:Nasal Decongestants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D009299:Nasal Provocation Tests; D010109:Oxymetazoline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011282:Pregnenediones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D014663:Nasal Decongestants; D011282:Pregnenediones; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D019819:Budesonide; D006632:Histamine; D010109:Oxymetazoline; C009695:xylometazoline