title: Differential plasma clearance of murine acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins SAA1 and SAA2.
abstract: Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins SAA1 and SAA2 are prominent acute-phase reactants which circulate in association with the high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) fraction of plasma. Plasma levels of SAA1 and SAA2 increase dramatically, by as much as 1000-fold, within 24 h of tissue injury and then rapidly decrease with cessation of the inflammatory stimulus, suggesting that SAA clearance and/or catabolism is important to the re-establishment of homoeostasis. In this context, aberrant SAA catabolism has long been considered a potential factor in the pathogenesis of reactive amyloidosis. To initiate studies aimed at understanding the differential regulation of SAA metabolism, we have produced 35S-labelled murine SAA1 and SAA2 in Escherichia coli, bound them individually to HDL, and then compared the plasma-clearance characteristics of SAA1 and SAA2 under normal and acute-phase conditions. When bound to normal HDL, SAA2 [half-life (t1/2) = 30 min] was cleared significantly faster than SAA1 (t1/2 = 75 min). Clearance of SAA1 and SAA2 was significantly slower when each was bound to acute-phase HDL as opposed to normal HDL, when clearance rates were determined in acute-phase mice versus normal mice, and when normal HDL was remodelled to contain both recombinant isotypes rather than just one of the isotypes. Thus it appears that an increased amount of SAA on HDL, or possibly the combined presence of both isotypes on HDL, is associated with a prolongation in the plasma half-life of SAA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, U.S.A.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kluve-Beckerman
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hardwick
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Liepnieks
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Benson
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000210:Acute-Phase Reaction / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001769:Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011485:Protein Binding; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C489995:Saa2 protein, mouse; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein