title: How useful are manometric tests of anorectal function in the management of defecation disorders?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The clinical usefulness of assessing anorectal physiology has not been systematically examined. Our aims were to evaluate whether manometric tests of anorectal function influence the management and outcome of patients with defecation disorders, and to identify the patients who may most benefit from this assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a standard protocol of anorectal manometry rectal sensation, saline continence, simulated defecation, and pudendal nerve terminal latency tests, we studied 143 consecutive patients (m/f = 27/116) and followed their progress over 18 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tests of anorectal function in 126 (88%) patients revealed new information that led to a change in the management of 108 (76%) patients. Among 69 patients referred with constipation, 33 (48%) had obstructive defecation, and 40 (58%) had impaired rectal sensation; 30 (43%) improved after biofeedback therapy. Among 56 patients referred with fecal incontinence, 55 (98%) had manometric abnormalities: 30 (53%) had a low squeeze sphincter pressure, 20 (36%) had impaired rectal sensation, and 28 (50%) had pudendal neuropathy. Thiry-four (60%) patients were referred for biofeedback therapy and 11 (20%) for surgery. Of these 15 completed biofeedback therapy with improvement, and six had successful surgery. Seven of 10 (70%) patients referred for preoperative evaluation had abnormalities that contraindicated surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Manometric tests of anorectal function provide not only an objective diagnosis but, also, a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. In addition, it provides new information that could influence the management and outcome of patients with disorders of defecation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D003248:Constipation / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D003672:Defecation / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004576:Electromyography; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D010502:Perineum / Q000294:innervation; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D011312:Pressure; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011930:Reaction Time; D012007:Rectum / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012677:Sensation; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride