title: Long-term psychosocial outcome in typical absence epilepsy. Sometimes a wolf in sheeps' clothing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether young adults in whom typical absence epilepsy has been diagnosed in childhood have greater psychosocial difficulties than those with a non-neurologic chronic disease and to decide which seizure-related factors predict poor psychosocial outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based, inception cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The only tertiary care pediatric hospital in the province of Nova Scotia.
  
  
  METHODS
  All children in whom typical absence epilepsy or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) was diagnosed between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 1985, who were aged 18 years or older at follow-up in March 1994 to April 1995. Patients with typical absence epilepsy were identified from centralized electroencephalographic records for Nova Scotia, and those with JRA were identified from discharge diagnoses from the only children's hospital in Nova Scotia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients participated in a structured interview that assessed psychosocial function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-six (86%) of the 65 patients with absence epilepsy and 61 (80%) of the 76 patients with JRA participated in the interview. The mean age of the patients at the interview was 23 years. Terminal remission occurred in 32 (57%) of the patients with typical absence epilepsy but in only 17 (28%) of the patients with JRA. Factor analysis identified 5 categories of outcome: academic-personal, behavioral, employment-financial, family relations, and social-personal relations. Patients with typical absence epilepsy had greater difficulties in the academic-personal and in the behavioral categories (P < .001) than those with JRA. Those with ongoing seizures had the least favorable outcome. Most seizure-related factors showed minimal correlation with psychosocial functioning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Young adults with a history of typical absence epilepsy, particularly those without remission of their seizures, often have poor psychosocial outcomes, considerably worse than those with JRA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Wirrell
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Camfield
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Camfield
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dooley
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004832:Epilepsy, Absence / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007406:Interview, Psychological / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009674:Nova Scotia; D011379:Prognosis; D011593:Psychology, Social; D016896:Treatment Outcome