title: Intraocular irrigating solutions and barrier function of retinal pigment epithelium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of intraocular irrigating solutions on the barrier property of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
  
  
  METHODS
  The isolated rabbit RPE-choroid mounted on Ussing-type chambers under short circuit conditions was used. According to a previous study, the inward (from the choroid to the vitreous side) permeability of the tissue to carboxyfluorescein was adopted as a quantitative index of the barrier function of the RPE cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the three solutions tested, Krebs-Ringer solution, a commercially available glucose glutathione bicarbonate solution (BSS plus), and glucose citrate-acetate bicarbonate solution (Opeguard), BSS plus gave a significantly lower permeability (1.1 x 10(-6) cm/s on average) than Krebs-Ringer solution or Opeguard (1.9 or 1.8 x 10(-6) cm/s on average, respectively) (unpaired t test with Bonferroni's correction, p < 0.05). Since the major chemical difference between BSS plus and the other two solutions is the incorporation of oxidised glutathione (GSSG), the effects of GSSG were studied using solutions having an identical composition to BSS plus, but with various concentrations of GSSG. The solution containing 0.3 mM GSSG gave significantly lower permeability than that without GSSG (1.1 x 10(-6) cm/s v 2.0 x 10(-6) cm/s) (unpaired t test with Bonferroni's correction, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was suggested that BSS plus is less harmful to the barrier function of the RPE cells and that GSSG has a beneficial effect on its maintenance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Araie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; C051865:Krebs-Ringer solution; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C013003:glutathione-bicarbonate-Ringer solution; D005978:Glutathione; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide