title: [Quadricuspid aortic valve: diagnosis by multiple transesophageal echocardiography].
abstract: The case of a quadricuspid aortic valve diagnosed in adult age is reported. A 67-year-old patient, who had no previous diseases or cardiovascular complaints, presented in the clinic for an embolic occlusion of the left retinal artery. Isolated moderate aortic regurgitation was diagnosed clinically and echocardiographically. For its further evaluation and for seeking embolic sources, multiplane transesophageal echocardiography was performed, which discovered a quadricuspid aortic valve as the cause of aortic regurgitation and major atherosclerotic lesions in the ascending aorta and the aortic arch as possible cause of the embolic event. The fourth, accessory cusp, smaller than the other three, was localized between the non-coronary and left coronary cusp. In the short axis view the quadricuspid aortic valve showed in diastole a "X"-configuration, with a persistent central orifice between the commissures, which was the cause of the regurgitation jet in color Doppler examination, and in the systole a trapezoid opening pattern. In the long-axis view the valve showed a tricuspid closing pattern. The quadricuspid aortic valve can be exactly diagnosed by multiplane transesophageal echocardiography.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik I der RWTH, Aachen.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Erena
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Breithardt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Flachskampf
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D004617:Embolism / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015356:Retinal Artery Occlusion / Q000209:etiology
vernacular_title: Quadrikuspide Aortenklappe: Diagnose durch multiplane transösophageale Echokardiographie.