title: Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric purity analysis of acrylates and methacrylates used as patch test substances.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To make a correct diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis, patch testing needs to be performed, and the patch test substances need to be pure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We wanted to study how pure commercial (meth)acrylic patch test substances are.
  
  
  METHODS
  The purity of (meth)acrylic patch test substances (diacrylates, dimethacrylates, and triacrylates) dissolved in acetone was determined by gas chromatography. The impurities were identified by mass spectrometry in both electron impact and chemical ionization mode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analyzed dimethacrylates were very pure (97% to 99%). The purity of the three studied diacrylates were 81% to 91%, but tripropyleneglycol diacrylate (81% pure) contained as much as 13% of tripropyleneglycol monoacrylate. The purities of the triacrylates were 82% to 86%. All diacrylates and triacrylates contained 1% to 13% of the corresponding hydroxyacrylates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impurities may result in false interpretation of the patch test results, and accordingly in wrong diagnosis. If the patch test substance is impure, at least, the chemical impurities that can be detected by gas chromatography should be measured and reported in a certificate of analysis, preferably from each batch.
authors.affiliation: Turku Regional Institute of Occupational Health, Finland.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Henriks-Eckerman
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kanerva
mesh_terms: D000179:Acrylates / Q000592:standards; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000592:standards; D010328:Patch Tests / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D008689:Methacrylates