title: Glial cell reactions in the spinal cord after sensory nerve stimulation are associated with axonal injury.
abstract: Astroglial and microglial reactions in the dorsal and ventral horns of the adult rat spinal cord were studied after graded electrical stimulation of the rat sciatic nerve and after topical application of mustard oil to the hindlimb foot. Antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein and complement receptor 3 (OX-42) were used as markers for astroglia and microglia, respectively. The results showed that electrical nerve stimulation resulted in increased immunoreactivity for GFAP and OX-42 in the spinal cord dorsal and ventral horns only after the use of stimulation strengths which were associated with nerve fiber degeneration in the stimulated nerve. Application of mustard oil to the foot caused no changes in GFAP or OX-42 immunoreactivity. These findings indicate that peripheral nerve stimulation in itself is insufficient to induce astroglial and microglial responses in the spinal cord. The signal(s) mediating these responses, regularly seen after nerve injury, are therefore most probably not related to the afferent barrage of action potentials evoked by the injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. carl.molander@neuro.ki.se
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Molander
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hongpaisan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aldskogius
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007509:Irritants / Q000494:pharmacology; D009149:Mustard Plant; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology*; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011951:Receptors, Complement / Q000378:metabolism; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000502:physiology*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D007509:Irritants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D011951:Receptors, Complement; C027793:mustard oil