title: A randomized cross-over study comparing the use of a catheter valve and a leg-bag in urethrally catheterized male patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of a catheter valve (CV) and a leg-bag (LB) in men with urethral catheters and to determine the preferred modality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen men (mean age 71.4 years, SD 3.4, range 63-76) presenting in acute retention and catheterized urethrally were enrolled in a 6-week randomized cross-over study comparing the CV with the LB (3 weeks with each modality). The outcome was assessed using a questionnaire which quantified the incidence of bladder spasms, nocturnal frequency, the extent of any by-passing episodes and the degree of discomfort. At the end of the study, the patients were asked to express a preference (using a subjective scoring scale) for either the CV or the LB and to give the reasons why.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in the reported incidence of bladder spasms or discomfort and no difference in positive urine cultures with each modality. However, with the CV, there was a slightly higher incidence in nocturnal frequency and by-passing episodes. Thirteen patients preferred the CV whilst five preferred the LB. With the subjective scoring scale (range 0-10), the CV scored significantly higher than the LB (7.2, SD 3.1 and 5.2, SD 2.8, P < 0.05: paired t-test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most patients preferred to use the CV, reporting that it felt more comfortable and discreet, and many patients did not like the sensation of urine 'sloshing about' when using the leg-bag. Some patients using the CV were troubled by nocturnal frequency. In these patients we suggest that a combination of a valve during the day and an overnight bag may be the ideal solution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Edith Cavell Hospital, Peterborough, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: German
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rowley
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Blackford
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D013035:Spasm / Q000209:etiology; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000628:therapy*; D014554:Urination