title: The role of liquid mixing and gas-phase dispersion in a submerged, sparged root reactor.
abstract: An Agrobacterium-transformed root culture of Solanum tuberosum was grown in a 15-1 bubble column. The specific respiration rate decreased by a factor of ten as the tissue grew over a 25-day culture period. On days 5, 8, 13, and 21, respiration was shown to be independent of aeration rate over a range of 0.05-0.4 vvm (volume of air per volume of liquid min-1). Gas dispersion measured from argon tracer residence time distributions increased fourfold due to increased stagnation and channeling of gas through the bed of growing roots; however, introduction of an antifoam surfactant on day 20 greatly reduced dispersion with no accompanying change in respiration. Taken together, the gas dispersion and respiration studies suggest that the gas-liquid interface is not the dominant resistance to oxygen mass transfer. Liquid mixing time measured with a dye tracer increased from 1.45 +/- 0.45 min with no root tissue to 40.2 +/- 1.6 min with 180 g FW l-1 of roots in the column. In addition, the oxygen uptake rate of growing tips (5.2 +/- 0.2 mm) of individual root segments of S. tuberosum measured in a stirred microcell (600 microliters) increased with the oxygen tension of the medium. Based on these results, the role of liquid mixing, gas-phase dispersion, and diffusion in the tissue in the scaleup of root culture is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802-4400, USA.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Tescione
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ramakrishnan
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Curtis
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D046508:Culture Techniques; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D012231:Rhizobium / Q000502:physiology; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen