Categorization of voice disorders with six perceptual dimensions.
To obtain a perceptual reference for acoustic feature selection, 94 male and 124 female voices were categorized using the ratings of 6 clinicians on visual analog scales for pathology, roughness, breathiness, strain, asthenia, and pitch. Partial correlations showed that breathiness and roughness were the main determinants of pathology. The six-dimensional ratings (the six median scores for each voice) were categorized with the aid of the Sammon map and the self-organizing map. The five categories created differed with respect to the breathiness/roughness ratio and the degree of pathology.
Leinonen
L
L
Neural Networks Research Centre, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland.
Hiltunen
T
T
Laakso
M L
ML
Rihkanen
H
H
Poppius
H
H
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D014833:Voice Quality