title: Insulin-induced hypertension in rats depends on an intact renin-angiotensin system.
abstract: This study tested the dependence of insulin-induced hypertension in rats on a functional renin-angiotensin system. Rats were instrumented with chronic artery and vein catheters and housed in metabolic cages. After acclimation, 10 rats began receiving the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) benazepril at 1.8 mg.kg-1.d-1 via a continuous intravenous infusion that was maintained throughout the study; 8 control rats received vehicle. Four days after starting ACEI or vehicle, all rats entered a 5-day control period that was followed by a 7-day insulin infusion at 1.5 mU.kg-1.min-1. Glucose was coinfused at 22 mg.kg-1.min-1 to prevent hypoglycemia. Insulin infusion in control rats increased mean arterial pressure (MAP; measured 24 h/d) from an average of 101 +/- 1 to 113 +/- 2 mm Hg on day 1; MAP averaged 110 +/- 1 mm Hg for the 7-day infusion period. Glomerular filtration rate decreased, although not significantly, from 2.7 +/- 0.1 to 2.1 +/- 0.2 mL/min on day 3. Chronic ACEI decreased baseline MAP from an average of 97 +/- 1 to 79 +/- 1 mm Hg and markedly attenuated the increase in MAP during insulin. MAP averaged 81 +/- 1 mm Hg for the 7-day period and increased significantly, to 85 +/- 2 mm Hg, only on day 3. Likewise, the tendency for glomerular filtration rate to decrease was blunted. These results indicate that insulin-induced hypertension in rats depends on angiotensin II and suggest that a reduction in glomerular filtration rate contributes to the shift in pressure natriuresis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Brands
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Keen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Shek
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000502:physiology; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D009318:Natriuresis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001552:Benzazepines; D007328:Insulin; D000804:Angiotensin II; C044946:benazepril