title: Traces of ricocheted action safety bullets.
abstract: Experimental gunshots were made with Action-1 and -3 ammunition (9 mm Luger) using a part dummy made of textile, pig skin, and gelatine as the target. After ricocheting off a concrete floor tile with impact angles of 15 degrees or 20 degrees, the deformed projectiles penetrated the gelatine block to a depth of between 21 and 37 cm. The ricochet angles varied between 5 degrees and 11 degrees. None of the bullets mushroomed after ricochet; a few bullets even overpenetrated. The ricocheted projectiles sprayed a substantial amount of copper particles onto the textile, and metallic fragments were also deposited along the bullet path. These traces were detected by high-resolution radiography. The Action-3 brass bullet was more resistant, had more kinetic energy, and was less deformed than the Action-1 copper bullet. The morphology of the wounds presented a very varied spectrum; round lesions were also observed. The results of the experimental study prove that ricocheted Action bullets present a serious risk of injury.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Universität Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schyma
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Placidi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005389:Firearms / Q000145:classification*; D005554:Forensic Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*