title: Efficacy of a pour-on formulation of eprinomectin (MK-397) against nematode parasites of cattle, with emphasis on inhibited early fourth-stage larvae of Ostertagia spp.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate efficacy of topically applied eprinomectin against inhibited early fourth-stage larvae (IL4) of Ostertagia spp in calves.
  
  
  METHODS
  4 groups (n = 6 [replicates]) for dose titration; 2 groups (n = 8 calves [replicates]) for dose confirmation.
  
  
  METHODS
  2 dose titration studies-0, 125, 250, and 500 micrograms of eprinomectin/kg of body weight-Louisiana and Georgia- and 2 dose confirmation studies of selected therapeutic dosage (500 micrograms/kg) in Scotland and France. Monitor calves were used to determine inhibition percentage of Ostertagia IL4. Test calves were ranked by weight in replicates of 4 (titration trials) or 2 (confirmation trials) animals each, and within replicates, were randomly allocated to treatment groups. Drug treatments were done on day 0, and animals were euthanatized by replicate, with holding time between treatment and euthanasia varying among trials from 14 to 27 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Observations indicated high efficacy (> 99%) of 500 micrograms of eprinomectin/kg in removal of Ostertagia IL4. Ostertagia and Cooperia were only genera common across sites, with efficacy of aforementioned dosage against adult and larval stages of both genera consistently high (> 99%). Results of 1 or both titration studies (500 micrograms/kg) indicated > 99 to 100% efficacy against adult Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, T colubriformis, Bunostomum phlebotomum, Dictyocaulus viviparus, and Oesophagostomum radiatum. Lower efficacy values were observed at minimal (125 micrograms/kg) dosage. In France, 500 micrograms/kg was 85% effective against Trichostrongylus spp adults; however, numbers of control calves infected with Trichostrongylus spp and degree of infection were low. Adverse reactions were not evident.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eprinomectin given topically (500 micrograms) was highly effective against Ostertagia IL4 and other common nematodes of cattle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge 70803-6002, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stuedemann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bairden
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kerboeuf
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ciordia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hubert
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Broussard
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Plue
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alva-Valdes
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Baggott
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pinkall
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Eagleson
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005845:Georgia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010028:Ostertagia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D010029:Ostertagiasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics