title: Incidence of infectious disease and the licensure of immunobiologics in the United States.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our objective was to investigate the relationship of vaccine or toxoid licensure with the incidence of the target disease in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a historical correlational study design with outcome measures of the national incidence and elimination rate of polio, pertussis, diphtheria, and measles as well as the New York City incidence and elimination rate of mumps, rubella, and tetanus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The licensure of pertussis, measles, polio, mumps, and rubella vaccine was followed by an increase in the elimination rate of disease. The elimination rates of diphtheria and tetanus apparently worsened following the licensure of the respective toxoids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Historical data provide evidence of proof of efficacy of mass immunization for measles, polio, rubella, mumps, and pertussis, but not for diphtheria or tetanus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, Maricopa Health System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Campos-Outcalt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aickin
mesh_terms: D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000266:history*; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000266:history; D017277:Drug Approval / Q000266:history; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs / Q000266:history*; D015994:Incidence; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014612:Vaccines / Q000266:history
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines