title: Effects of cholinergic blockade by pirenzepine on insulin and glucose response to oral and intravenous glucose and to arginine load in obesity.
abstract: Parasympathetic nervous system is known to affect insulin secretion in animal and man and there is evidence that it is involved in the outcome of spontaneous and stimulated insulin hypersecretion observed in animal obesity. In human obesity, there are contradictory data. We studied the effect of 150 mg orally administered pirenzepine (PNZ), a muscarinic receptor antagonist, on the insulin response to glucose (75 g p.o. or 0.33 g/kg i.b.w. i.v.) or arginine (0.5 g/kg infused in 30 min) in 18 obese subjects normotolerant to glucose. PNZ did not modify basal serum insulin and the hormone response to either intravenous glucose (AUC: 5221.6 +/- 1177:6 vs 5309.8 +/- 1534.8 mU/L.min) or arginine load (4257.9 +/- 832.7 vs 3952.8 +/- 549.3 mU/L.min). Calculated as AUC the insulin response to oral glucose load was unaffected by PNZ (6601.5 +/- 1218.6 vs 8614.3 +/- 1095.2 mU/L.min). Actually, the insulin rises at +30 min after oral glucose load was significantly blunted by PNZ (37.0 +/- 3.4 vs 81.6 +/- 16.9 mU/L; p < 0.03). However, after statistical evaluation by ANCOVA assuming basal insulin and +30 min glucose levels as covariates, this significant disappeared. Our present data do not agree with the hypothesis that the cholinergic system plays a role in the exaggerated insulin secretion of obesity. Nevertheless, these findings confirm that acetylcholine positively influences insulin secretion in humans, likely via indirect mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università di Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maccario
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grottoli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Procopio
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Oleandri
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Boffano
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Savio
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camanni
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ghigo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001120:Arginine; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010890:Pirenzepine; D001120:Arginine