title: Comparative clinical efficacy and safety of a novel controlled-release oxycodone formulation and controlled-release hydromorphone in the treatment of cancer pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of oxycodone to treat chronic cancer pain has been hampered by its short elimination half-life, which necessitates administration every 4 hours. This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of a novel oxycodone formulation with that of hydromorphone in the treatment of cancer pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a double-blind crossover study, 44 patients with stable cancer pain were randomized to controlled-release oxycodone or controlled-release hydromorphone, each given every 12 hours for 7 days. Pain intensity, nausea, and sedation were assessed by patients four times daily, and breakthrough analgesia was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one patients completed the study (18 women, 13 men; mean age, 56 +/- 3 years) and received a final controlled-release oxycodone dose of 124 +/- 22 mg per day and a final controlled-release hydromorphone dose of 30 +/- 6 mg per day. There were no significant differences between treatments in overall Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain intensity (VAS 28 +/- 4 mm vs. 31 +/- 4 mm), categorical pain intensity (1.4 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.1), daily rescue analgesic consumption (1.4 +/- 0.3 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.3), sedation scores (24 +/- 4 mm vs. 18 +/- 3 mm), nausea scores (15 +/- 3 mm vs. 13 +/- 3 mm), or patient preference. Two patients experienced hallucinations on controlled-release hydromorphone, but none did while receiving controlled-release oxycodone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Controlled-release oxycodone demonstrated excellent pharmacodynamic characteristics, analgesic efficacy, and safety as compared with controlled-release hydromorphone and represents an important new therapeutic option for cancer pain management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Babul
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004091:Hydromorphone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D010098:Oxycodone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D010098:Oxycodone; D004091:Hydromorphone