title: Endoscopic biliary stent migration with small bowel perforation in a liver transplant recipient.
abstract: Intestinal perforation from a migrated biliary stent is a rare complication after endoscopic stent placement for benign biliary stricture. We provide the first description of stent migration and distal small-bowel perforation after stent placement for biliary anastomotic stricture in a liver transplant recipient. We review the current literature on the diagnosis and management of stent migration and intestinal perforation after endoscopic or percutaneous stent placement for benign and malignant biliary strictures. Early diagnosis and treatment of biliary stent migration and subsequent intestinal perforation are essential in transplant patients, in whom immunosuppression sometimes blunts signs and symptoms of intestinal perforation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 78284-7842, U.S.A.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Esterl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: St Laurent
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Bay
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Speeg
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Halff
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D001651:Cholestasis, Extrahepatic / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000209:etiology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000293:injuries*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D015607:Stents