title: The clinical value of grading and staging scores for predicting a long-term response and evaluating the efficacy of interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the clinical usefulness of a new histological scoring system (grading and staging scores) for predicting a long-term response to interferon therapy and evaluating the efficacy of therapy, we examined biochemical, virological and histological findings during and 1 year after interferon therapy in 109 patients with chronic hepatitis C.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hepatitis C virus RNA was assayed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, hepatitis C virus genotype was determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using type-specific primers, and histological grading and staging scores were determined according to a newer scoring system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients were divided into two groups according to the outcome of serum alanine aminotransferase levels and HCV RNA level during and after therapy: 31 long-term responders whose serum aminotransferase level became and remained normal for 1 year after therapy with undetectable HCV RNA in serum and liver and 78 non-responders whose aminotransferase levels did not normalize during therapy or rose again after therapy. Before therapy, the long-term responders had significantly lower viral levels, lower incidence of genotype 1b, and lower staging scores than those of the non-responders. There was no significant difference in grading score between the long-term and non-responders. Multivariate analysis showed that the viral level and genotype are more important predictors of a long-term response than the staging score. Both grading and staging scores decreased significantly at the end of therapy in both the long-term and non-responders. The 1-year follow-up liver biopsy examination in the long-term responders showed that the grading score, but not the staging score, continued to decrease significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that: (1) the staging score, but not the grading score, appears to be associated with a long-term response, but the viral level and genotype are more important predictors than the staging score; and (2) both the grading and staging scores decreased significantly with interferon therapy, but the staging score appeared to take longer to improve than the grading score.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Akashi Municipal Hospital, Japan. michiko@marin.or.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okuno
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; C034477:RNA primers; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012313:RNA; D000410:Alanine Transaminase