title: [Efficacy of increase of cardiac index during exercise in the chronic phase of various cardiovascular diseases: evaluation by exercise tolerance and brain natriuretic peptide].
abstract: Cardiac index is widely used as a parameter of cardiac function for cardiovascular patients, but its value is limited when measured in the resting supine position, because it never demonstrates the maximal cardiac index performance. The incremental increase in cardiac index (delta CI) was evaluated during incremental exercise (delta work rate: delta WR), delta CI/delta WR, in patients with chronic congestive heart failure, and compared to brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), which is known to be increased in patients with chronic left ventricular dysfunction. The subjects were 18 heart failure patients (16 males and 2 females, mean age [+/-SD] 63.8 +/- 8.9 years). Symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test using cycle ergometer was performed. Cardiac index was calculated with the Benchmark Exercise Test device using oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output and respired flow. Blood samples were taken in the resting state before the exercise test. A positive correlation was obtained between delta CI/delta WR and peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) (r = 0.71, p < 0.01), and delta CI/delta WR and peak oxygen pulse (r = 0.66, p < 0.01). A negative correlation was obtained between delta CI/delta WR and BNP (r = 0.45) in the resting state. Peak VO2 (20.9 +/- 7.5 vs 13.9 +/- 2.7 ml/min/kg, p < 0.05), peak cardiac index (7.2 +/- 1.7 vs 5.5 +/- 0.9 l/min/m2, p < 0.05), and delta CI/delta WR (20.1 +/- 8.1 vs 12.4 +/- 2.5 ml/m2/W, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the group with normal BNP (mean [+/-SD] 11.0 +/- 3.2 pg/ml) than in the group with high BNP (40.7 +/- 22.7 pg/ml). Delta CI/delta WR reflects the grade of exercise tolerance and may be useful for evaluating exercise capacity in patients with congestive heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omiya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Samejima
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murayama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain