title: Influence of urological morbidity on quality of life in patients with prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of urological morbidity in patients with prostate cancer and its influence on global quality of life (QL).
  
  
  METHODS
  379 patients with prostate cancer completed several questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C33, I-PSS, PAIS [sexuality]) and were grouped according to the type of treatment they had undergone: observation only (n = 57), androgen deprivation (n = 112), radiotherapy (n = 114) and radical prostatectomy (n = 96). A group of 86 urologists also completed the questionnaires, imagining that they had stable prostate cancer and had been undergoing androgen deprivation for at least 1 year. Their responses were compared with those from patients who had undergone androgen deprivation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patient groups urinary symptoms were mostly mild to moderate but 12% of patients who had undergone radiotherapy and 11% of hormonally treated patients described severe symptoms. Severe urinary leakage occurred in 16% of patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy. 22% of all patients were impotent before treatment; after treatment sexual life was considerably disturbed in all patients except those who had undergone observation only. Fatigue was a general problem in all patients. In the logistic regression analysis fatigue and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), but not disturbance of sexual life or urinary leakage, were correlated with global QL. In the doctor-patient comparison, doctors underestimated the disturbance of sexual life in patients who had undergone androgen deprivation therapy but overestimated the impairment of QL and psychological distress experienced by these patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LUTS and fatigue are independent predictive factors for global QL after initial treatment in patients with prostate cancer. Radiotherapy of the prostate leads to more significant morbidity than was generally anticipated by doctors. The disagreement between doctors' and patients' assessments of QL following treatment indicates the necessity for further systematic QL evaluation in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Fosså
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Woehre
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kurth
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hetherington
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bakke
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Rustad
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Skånvik
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D015995:Prevalence; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*