title: Clinical ladders: the ups and downs.
abstract: Clinical (or career) ladders for qualified nurses can change how nurses' associations and trade unions negotiate their salaries and career structure. Below, a review of clinical ladders, their implications and how nurses are responding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Management, Queen Margaret College, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buchan
mesh_terms: D000575:American Nurses' Association; D002322:Career Mobility; D002983:Clinical Competence; D006801:Humans; D009520:New Zealand; D009729:Nursing; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000592:standards; D012380:Role; D012956:Societies, Nursing; D014481:United States