title: Immunologic responses to vaccinia vaccines administered by different parenteral routes.
abstract: To develop a less reactogenic but equally immunogenic vaccine, this study of 91 human volunteers compared the safety and immunogenic potency of a new, cell culture-derived vaccinia virus vaccine administered intradermally and intramuscularly with the licensed vaccinia vaccine administered by scarification. Cutaneous pox lesions developed in a higher proportion of scarification vaccinees. Scarification and intradermal vaccine recipients who developed cutaneous pox lesions had more local reactions but also achieved significantly higher cell-mediated and neutralizing antibody responses than those who did not develop pox lesions. Although less reactogenic, intradermal or intramuscular administration of vaccinia vaccine without the concomitant development of a cutaneous pox lesion induced lower immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21702-5011, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: McClain
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Yeager
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Ennis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Summers
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Graham
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines