title: Effect of intraocular irrigating solutions on the viability of cultured retinal vascular endothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the abilities of balanced salt solution, BSS Plus and Hartmann's lactated Ringer's (HLR) solution to maintain the viability of retinal vascular endothelial cells (RVEC) in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cultured retinal vascular endothelial cells were suspended in each irrigating solution for four hours. Viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion at 30 minute intervals. Regression analysis was used to determine the rate of viability loss. Additional studies were performed to determine the effectiveness of lactate in maintaining cell viability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Retinal vascular endothelial cells lost viability at a greater rate (p < 0.001) in BSS (8.7%/hr) compared with BSS Plus (3.3%/hr). Cells in Hartmann's lactated Ringer's lost viability at a significantly lower rate (4.4%/hr) than retinal vascular endothelial cells in lactate-free Hartmann's lactated Ringer's solution (8.4%/hr). Lactate was as effective as glucose in preserving RVEC viability. By comparison, the viability of corneal endothelial cells was not effectively maintained by lactate. For these cells, BSS Plus was clearly superior to Hartmann's lactated Ringer's solution in maintaining viability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BSS Plus and Hartmann's lactated Ringer's solution are both superior to balanced salt solution in maintaining retinal vascular endothelial cell viability. For retinal vascular endothelial cells, Hartmann's lactated Ringer's solution preserves cell viability as well as BSS Plus, since the retinal vascular endothelial cells, unlike corneal endothelial cells, can apparently utilize lactate as an energy source.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Mourad
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Edelhauser
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Capone
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lynn
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Geroski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; C013003:glutathione-bicarbonate-Ringer solution; D005978:Glutathione