title: Normal human epidermal keratinocytes express in vitro specific molecular forms of (pro)filaggrin recognized by rheumatoid arthritis-associated antifilaggrin autoantibodies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The so-called antikeratin antibodies and the antiperinuclear factor are the most specific serological markers of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They were recently shown to be largely the same autoantibodies and to recognize human epidermal filaggrins and profilaggrin-related proteins of buccal epithelial cells (collectively referred to as (pro)filaggrin).
  
  
  METHODS
  To further characterize the target antigens, we investigated their expression by normal human epidermal keratinocytes cultured in differentiating conditions, using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting with RA sera and three different monoclonal antibodies to (pro)filaggrin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the cornified, stratified epithelial sheets obtained in vitro, RA sera with anti(pro)filaggrin autoantibodies (AFA) produced granular staining of the stratum granulosum and diffuse staining of the stratum corneum. The antigens recognized by RA sera strictly colocalized with (pro)filaggrin in keratohyalin granules. Following sequential extraction of the proteins from the epithelial sheets, the RA sera and the three monoclonal antibodies to (pro)filaggrin, recognized a series of low-salt-soluble molecules, including a neutral/acidic isoform of filaggrin and several proteins with sizes and pI intermediates between this isoform and profilaggrin. They also recognized urea-soluble high-molecular-weight profilaggrin-related molecules.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that in vitro epidermal keratinocytes express various molecular forms of (pro) filaggrin that bear epitopes targeted by AFA of RA sera, and that some of these are absent from epidermis. Moreover, these epitopes, which are present on the keratohyalin granules of buccal epithelial cells but not on those of epidermal cells, are present on the granules of the cultured keratinocytes. This work completes the molecular characterization of the proteins targeted by AFA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Pathology of the Cell, Toulouse-Purpan School of Medicine, INSERM CJF 96-02, University of Toulouse III, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Girbal-Neuhauser
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montézin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Croute
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sebbag
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Durieux
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Serre
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; C000717249:FLG protein, human; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D011498:Protein Precursors