title: A new, concise dialysis approach to assessment of cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal abnormalities.
abstract: We applied a dialysis technique to the hearts of anesthetized cats and examined whether the concentration of dialysate norepinephrine (NE) reflected NE disposition at the cardiac sympathetic nerve terminals. Dialysis probes were implanted in the left ventricular wall, and dialysate NE concentrations were measured as an index of myocardial interstitial NE levels. Stimulation of stellate ganglia significantly increased dialysate NE responses that were suppressed by local administration of an NE-releasing inhibitor (omega-conotoxin GVIA, 10 microM). Increments in basal dialysate NE levels were correlated with concentrations of a locally administered neuronal uptake blocker (desipramine; 1, 10, and 100 microM). Desipramine (100 microM) augmented stimulation-induced dialysate NE responses. Local administration of a neuronal vesicle uptake blocker (reserpine, 1 and 10 microM) did not alter dialysate NE levels but increased dialysate dihydroxyphenylglycol levels. An NE-releasing amine (tyramine, 100 microg/ml) was locally administered to examine NE storage capacity at the nerve terminal. The tyramine-induced NE-releasing response was completely abolished by pretreatment with reserpine (1 mg/kg i.p.). Thus cardiac dialysis with local administration of a pharmacological tool offers a new, concise approach to assessment of neuronal NE release, uptake, vesicle uptake, and storage capacity by cardiac sympathetic nerve terminals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takauchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sunagawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D002415:Cats; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003891:Desipramine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003956:Dialysis / Q000379:methods; D004525:Efferent Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006321:Heart / Q000294:innervation*; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D009411:Nerve Endings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D012110:Reserpine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013233:Stellate Ganglion / Q000502:physiology*; D020866:omega-Conotoxin GVIA
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D010455:Peptides; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; D012110:Reserpine; D020866:omega-Conotoxin GVIA; D003891:Desipramine; C010117:3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol; D009638:Norepinephrine