title: The function of costimulatory molecules and the development of IL-4-producing T cells.
abstract: The development of IL-4-producing effector T cells during a type 2 immune response requires signaling through B7 ligands, but probably not CD40 ligands. Here, William Gause and colleagues review the still controversial role of CD28 and CTLA-4 on T cells, and B7-1 and B7-2 on antigen-presenting cells, and provide a model to incorporate recent findings.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Gause@usuhsb.usuhs.mil
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Gause
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Halvorson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greenwald
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Linsley
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Finkelman
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008954:Models, Biological; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; C497964:CD86 protein, human; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D000069594:Abatacept