title: Loading and localization of Fluo-3 and Fluo-3/AM calcium indicators in sinapis alba root tissue.
abstract: Stimulus-induced changes in free cytosolic Ca2+ in different types of plant cells have been monitored with the aid of fluorescent calcium indicator dyes. However, there is no simple and convenient method for introducing these dyes into the plant cell cytoplasm. This paper reports tests of different procedures for loading either free fluorescent dyes or their acetoxymethyl esters (Fluo-3 and Fluo-3/AM, respectively) into Sinapis alba root tissue. Loading of Fluo-3 was pH and temperature dependent. Moreover, in the presence of beta-escin (saponin) in the loading medium very high fluorescent signals in root tissues were observed. The highest signals were recorded when tissue was loaded in a medium containing 0.1% beta-escin, at pH 5.0 and 30 degrees C. Only very weak fluorescence signals were found in mustard roots loaded with Fluo-3/AM. Acidity and temperature of the medium had no significant effect on the process. However, addition of eserine, a cholinesterase inhibitor led to a dramatic increase in fluorescence in the root cells. On the basis of these observations rapid and efficient methods of loading both Fluo-3 and Fluo-3/AM into mustard root tissues are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology and Environment Protection, N. Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tretyn
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Kado
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Kendrick
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000032:analysis; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D001966:Bromine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004928:Escin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007476:Ionophores; D008345:Manganese / Q000494:pharmacology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009149:Mustard Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011060:Poloxalene / Q000494:pharmacology; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013696:Temperature; D014966:Xanthenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007476:Ionophores; D010940:Plant Proteins; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014966:Xanthenes; C059715:Fluo-3; D000001:Calcimycin; D008345:Manganese; D004928:Escin; D011060:Poloxalene; D010830:Physostigmine; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D001966:Bromine; D002118:Calcium