title: Restitution of contractility in single ventricular myocytes of guinea pig heart.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to assess the extent to which changes in intracellular Ca2+ stores contribute to mechanical restitution in heart muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single, isolated guinea pig ventricular cells were voltage clamped at -45 mV and stimulated continuously at 0.5 or 2 Hz with 200 ms depolarizing pulses (35 degrees C). The recoveries of the peak of contraction force (Fp) and the calcium current (ICa) between beats were measured in contractions interpolated at various intervals (td) after a conditioning twitch. Recovery of SR Ca2+ load was inferred from the peak magnitude (Cp) of similarly interpolated contractures, induced by rapid application of 5 mM caffeine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For a conditioning stimulus rate of 0.5 Hz, both Fp and ICa were very small for small td and recovered along similar time courses with a t1/2 of about 50 ms. Cp was maximal at as early a time after a previous contraction as could be measured, at which time Fp was 56% of maximal. Cp declined throughout the stimulus interval to about 50% of its maximal value. Similar results were obtained for a conditioning stimulus rate of 2 Hz, at which rate both Fp and Cp were increased by a factor of 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The time course of mechanical restitution is coincident with the recovery of ICa from inactivation. Caffeine-releasable intracellular calcium stores are fully recovered soon after a contraction and well before mechanical restitution is complete.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vornanen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shepherd
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine; D002118:Calcium