title: Stoma creation through the stoma site: a rapid, safe technique.
abstract: Stoma creation often involves a separate laparotomy incision. Recently, laparoscopy was suggested to minimize the morbidity associated with conventional open stomal techniques. We describe and evaluate a technique of stoma creation done directly through the stoma site, avoiding both laparotomy and laparoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Charts of 36 patients who underwent attempted stoma creation using this closed technique were retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 32 patients had stomas successfully created in this fashion (closed group); although four patients failed and required laparotomy (open group), there was an overall success rate of 89 percent. Blood loss (17 +/- 5 vs. 350 +/- 130 ml; P < .001), operative time (52 +/- 8 vs. 169 +/- 35 minutes; P < 0.001), and complications (3/32 vs. 4/4; P < 0.001) favored the closed group. No factors, including diagnosis, obesity, or previous abdominal surgery were identified that contraindicated use of the closed technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stomas can be safely made in a high proportion of patients without the need for laparotomy or laparoscopy. Failure of the closed technique identifies a group of patients who have a high associated operative time, blood loss, and morbidity when laparotomy is used for stoma creation and in whom laparoscopic procedures may improve results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Stephenson
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ilahi
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Koltun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003125:Colostomy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007081:Ileostomy / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007813:Laparotomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies