Blockade of CCK(B) but not CCK(A) receptors before and after the stress of predator exposure prevents lasting increases in anxiety-like behavior: implications for anxiety associated with posttraumatic stress disorder.
Lasting increases in anxiety-like behavior (ALB) in rodents in the elevated plus maze have been reported to follow brief (5 min) exposures to a cat. This study examined the role of CCK(A) and CCK(B) receptors in lasting increases in ALB following exposure to a cat. Block of CCK(B) receptors 30 min before and after cat exposure prevented increases in ALB assessed 1 week later in the elevated plus maze. Blocks of CCK(A) receptors either before or after cat exposure were without effect on increases in ALB measured 1 week later. Changes in activity or exploration could not account for the results. Effects of cat exposure on ALB, startle, and corticosteroid levels have been proposed as a model of affective disorder in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Implications of these findings for mechanisms of initiation of anxiety in PTSD and posttrauma pharmacological prophylaxis in PTSD are discussed.
Adamec
R E
RE
Department of Psychology, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada. radamec@morgan.ucs.mun.ca
Shallow
T
T
Budgell
J
J
D000378:Agonistic Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001570:Benzodiazepinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D002415:Cats; D020109:Devazepide; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004924:Escape Reaction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005239:Fear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008536:Meglumine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D011235:Predatory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D043886:Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; D043887:Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012153:Retention, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology*
D001570:Benzodiazepinones; D007211:Indoles; D011720:Pyrazoles; D043886:Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; D043887:Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin; C065600:PD 135158; C074681:1-(4-bromophenylaminocarbonyl)-4,5-diphenyl-3-pyrazolidinone; D008536:Meglumine; D020109:Devazepide