title: Enzyme/prodrug gene therapy approach for breast cancer using a recombinant adenovirus expressing Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase.
abstract: A recombinant adenovirus expressing Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase (AdCD) was constructed with the purpose of exploring its utility for the treatment of breast cancer. Infection of the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, with AdCD resulted in high levels of cytosine deaminase enzyme activity. MDA-MB-231 cells infected with AdCD were 1000-fold more sensitive to 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) than cells infected with a control adenovirus. Cell mixing experiments indicated that only 10% of AdCD-infected cells in a population were needed to induce complete cytotoxicity of noninfectious cells exposed to 5-FC. This suggests that bystander effects play an important role in AdCD-mediated cytotoxicities. Direct injection of AdCD into human breast MDA-MB-231-derived tumors grown as xenografts in nude mice, followed by daily intraperitoneal injection 5-FC was sufficient to inhibit tumor growth. These results suggest that in vivo gene therapy for breast cancer using AdCD is feasible.
authors.affiliation: Medical Breast Cancer Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shanmugam
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Katayose
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Seth
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000494:pharmacology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology*; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000494:pharmacology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D011355:Prodrugs; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005437:Flucytosine; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase