Functional features of neutrophils induced by G-CSF and GM-CSF treatment: differential effects and clinical implications.
G-CSF and GM-CSF are hematopoietic growth factors required for proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic precursors. G-CSF is now widely used to overcome neutropenias of various origins. Beside the absolute number, the functional capacity of neutrophils at sites of inflammation is of major importance in host defense. This review summarizes major functional and phenotypical features of neutrophils induced by G-CSF treatment in patients with acquired and congenital neutropenias. Furthermore, we focus on the differential effect of G-CSF and GM-CSF on neutrophil function in vitro and in vivo. Some of the altered abilities of cytokine-induced neutrophils are important to understand side-effects of G-CSF therapy.
Spiekermann
K
K
Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Göttingen, Germany.
Roesler
J
J
Emmendoerffer
A
A
Elsner
J
J
Welte
K
K
D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D002633:Chemotaxis; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018375:Neutrophil Activation; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D016463:Sweet Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced; D018366:Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous / Q000139:chemically induced
D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor