title: Y chromosome markers and Trans-Bering Strait dispersals.
abstract: Five polymorphisms involving two paternally inherited loci were surveyed in 38 world populations (n = 1,631) to investigate the origins of Native Americans. One of the six Y chromosome combination haplotypes (1T) was found at relatively high frequencies (17.8-75.0%) in nine Native American populations (n = 206) representing the three major linguistic divisions in the New World. Overall, these data do not support the Greenberg et al. (1986) tripartite model for the early peopling of the Americas. The 1T haplotype was also discovered at a low frequency in Siberian Eskimos (3/22), Chukchi (1/6), and Evens (1/65) but was absent from 17 other Asian populations (n = 987). The perplexing presence of the 1T haplotype in northeastern Siberia may be due to back-migration from the New World to Asia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Systematics and Evolution, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karafet
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Zegura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vuturo-Brady
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Posukh
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Osipova
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wiebe
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harihara
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dashnyam
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gerelsaikhan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omoto
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Hammer
mesh_terms: D005075:Biological Evolution; D005060:Europe; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005819:Genetic Markers; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000235:genetics*; D004930:Inuit; D008297:Male; D009656:North America; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D012800:Siberia; D014998:Y Chromosome
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers