title: [Early postoperative infections after liver transplantation--pathogen spectrum and risk factors].
abstract: Infections occurring during the early postoperative phase after liver transplantation result in a significant rise in morbidity and mortality. The records of 279 orthoptic transplantations performed in 248 patients were analyzed retrospectively. 55.6% of all patients suffered from one or more episodes of bacterial and/or fungal infection during their postoperative hospitalisation. The median onset of bacterial/fungal infection was on day 7 after transplantation. Enterococci (42 episodes), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (38 episodes), staphylococci (37 episodes), Escherichia coli (17 episodes) and Candida albicans (11 episodes) were the most frequently detected organisms. 74 (29.8%) patients developed viral infections. 20 patients (8.1%) showed infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV), 32 patients (12.9%) with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and 6 patients (2.4%) with varicella zoster virus (VZV). 14 patients (5.6%) developed infection with both CMV and VZV. Triple infection with CMV, HSV and VZV occurred in one patient. Statistical analysis of potential risk factors showed a significant influence of blood volume replacement (p < 0.001) and occurrence of at least one rejection period (p < 0.02) for major bacterial/fungal infection and immunosuppression (p < 0.001), cold ischemic time (p < 0.04), occurrence of at least one rejection period (p < 0.005) and blood volume replacement (p < 0.04) for viral infection.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinik für Chirurgie, AKH Wien.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Götzinger
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sautner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wamser
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gebhard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barlan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steininger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Függer
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mühlbacher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology
vernacular_title: Frühe postoperative Infektionen nach Lebertransplantation--Keimspektrum und Risikofaktoren.