title: Cochlear implantation in children with cochlear malformations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To address the surgical and habilitative issues raised by cochlear implantation in children with cochlear dysplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The English-language literature is reviewed and the New York University Medical Center experience with three patients is detailed. Two hundred institutions performing cochlear implants were queried by questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospitals performing cochlear implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pediatric patients with a cochlear implant in an ear with a dysplastic cochlea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative computed tomography analysis of cochlear anatomy was compared with operative findings, complications, and postoperative device use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Facial nerve anatomy was anomalous in 16% of patients, and there were two surgical injuries. There were no cases of meningitis. All patients who received multichannel implants derive benefit and wear their devices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All degrees of cochlear dysplasia, ranging from incomplete partition to common cavity, can be safely implanted and auditory responses expected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Downey
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Waltzman
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003051:Cochlea / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003638:Deafness / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires