title: Evaluation of a model for improving emergency medical and trauma services for children in rural areas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of a rural emergency medical and trauma services project in increasing the knowledge and confidence of emergency care personnel in the management of acutely ill and injured children.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective, quasi-experimental study used an untreated control group design with pretest and posttest of pre-hospital and hospital-based emergency care personnel in two rural counties in central Ohio. Project evaluation compared 50 emergency care providers from the intervention county with 43 emergency care providers from the control county. Changes in knowledge and confidence of these personnel in the assessment and management of pediatric emergencies were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Providers in the intervention county demonstrated a significantly greater increase in test scores regarding knowledge of pediatric emergencies than did providers in the control county (P = .001). Significantly greater improvement was also seen when comparisons of test scores were made for field (P = .02) and hospital (P = .03) emergency care personnel separately. Self-reports on a visual analog scale indicated that providers in the project intervention county had a significantly greater decrease in anxiety than did control subjects when presented a scenario of a child experiencing a respiratory arrest (P = .01). On the basis of scores from a five-point Likert scale, emergency personnel in the intervention county had a greater increase in confidence regarding management of the pediatric airway (P = .0003) and a greater increase in the belief that they had adequate pediatric training (P = .000001) after participating in the project than emergency personnel in the control county.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rural pediatric emergency medical and trauma services project was effective in increasing the knowledge and confidence of emergency care personnel in the management of acutely ill and injured children. This project offers a model that can be replicated in other rural areas nationally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, USA.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Manley
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Haley
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002662:Child Health Services / Q000592:standards; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004521:Educational Measurement; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000592:standards*; D004634:Emergency Medical Technicians / Q000193:education*; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D009820:Ohio; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019035:Rural Health Services / Q000592:standards*