title: Synergistic inhibition of calcification of porcine aortic root with preincubation in FeCl3 and alpha-amino oleic acid in a rat subdermal model.
abstract: Postimplant calcific degeneration is a frequent cause of clinical failure of glutaraldehyde crosslinked porcine aortic valve bioprostheses. We demonstrated previously in rat subdermal and circulatory implants that alpha-amino oleic acid used as a bioprosthesis pretreatment was highly effective in mitigating aortic valve cusp but not aortic wall calcification. In this study we investigated the feasibility of synergistically applying two proven anticalcification agents (alpha-amino oleic acid and FeCl3) as pretreatments for mitigating both bioprosthetic cusp and aortic wall calcification. alpha-Amino oleic acid is hypothesized to prevent calcification by disrupting calcium phosphate formation kinetics, whereas suppression of alkaline phosphatase activity and ferric-phosphate complexation at a cellular membrane initiation sites may be important factors in ferric ion's inhibition of calcification. In vivo implant studies (21-day rat subdermal model) indicated that individually FeCl3 (0.01 or 0.1 M for 24 h) or alpha-amino oleic acid (saturated solution) treatments were equally effective in mitigating cuspal calcification (tissue calcium levels: 30.2 +/- 10.2, 29.8 +/- 2.7, and 31.6 +/- 7.8 micrograms/mg tissue, respectively). However, sequential application of first alpha-amino oleic acid and then FeCl3 synergistically reduced aortic wall calcification more effectively than either of the agents alone. The benefit of a synergistic application of two anticalcification treatments, alpha-amino oleic acid and FeCl3, was demonstrated. However, the synergistic effect was observed on aortic wall only at a higher FeCl3 concentration. (i.e., 0.1 M).
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0576, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Schoen
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000473:pathology*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002712:Chlorides; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000295:instrumentation; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D009829:Oleic Acids; C088318:2-(amino)oleic acid; C024555:ferric chloride