title: Trial of labor or repeated cesarean section. The woman's choice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop recommendations for the preferred delivery method for a pregnant woman who underwent a previous low transverse cesarean section and who has no contraindications to labor.
  
  
  METHODS
  MEDLINE searches and the references from retrieved articles yielded 759 citations. Search terms included trial of labor (TOL), trial of scar, vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC), and uterine rupture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Articles with primary outcomes data contrasting TOL and elective repeat cesarean section (ERCS) were analyzed. Studies from developing countries or before 1980 were excluded.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 292 articles were extracted independently by at least 2 team members using a structured form.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Outcome data were combined using commercially available software and are presented as absolute differences per 10,000, with 95% Bayesian confidence intervals. Maternal outcomes showed that TOL increased the risk for uterine rupture (23.9 [0.24%]); ERCS increased the risk for infection (522 [5.22%]) and bleeding (58.6 [0.59%]). Infant outcomes differed only for 5-minute Apgar scores of less than 7, which were more likely for infants whose mothers underwent TOL (85 [0.85%]). Other outcomes (eg, disability), patient preferences, and cost data did not lend themselves to meta-analysis and were examined separately. While two thirds of women desired TOL, one third preferred ERCS. Costs were 1.7 to 2.4 times greater for ERCS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A woman should be given information on both delivery methods and encouraged to undergo TOL, but her preference for ERCS should be respected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53715, USA. rroberts@fammed.wisc.edu
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Moy
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Bower
mesh_terms: D003657:Decision Making; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D017722:Hospital Charges; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007902:Length of Stay; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006473:Postpartum Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011645:Puerperal Infection; D014219:Trial of Labor; D014481:United States; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000293:injuries; D014597:Uterine Rupture / Q000209:etiology; D016064:Vaginal Birth after Cesarean / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics