title: The winged helix transcription factor HFH-4 is expressed during choroid plexus epithelial development in the mouse embryo.
abstract: Mammalian hepatocyte nuclear factor-3 (HNF-3) and the Drosophila homeotic gene fork head proteins are prototypes of an extensive family of cell-specific transcription factors that share homology in the winged helix DNA-binding domain. One of these mammalian family members, HNF-3/fork head homolog-4 (HFH-4), was isolated by PCR amplification of rodent brain cDNA and exhibits abundant expression in the adult bronchiolar epithelium. In this study, we performed in situ hybridization of stage-specific mouse embryos and report on a novel expression pattern of the HFH-4 gene in both the presumptive and differentiated choroid plexus epithelium, which is responsible for the synthesis and secretion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins. We also showed that HFH-4 is a potent transcriptional activator in cotransfection assays and defined several protein sequences important for HFH-4 transcriptional activity. We used in vitro DNA-binding site selection with recombinant HFH-4 protein and determined that the HFH-4 protein recognizes the DNA consensus sequences HWDTGTTTGTTTA or KTTTGTTGTTKTW (where H is not G, W is A or T, D is not C, and K is G or T). We used this HFH-4 consensus to identify potential HFH-4 target genes in the choroid plexus epithelium and demonstrated that these promoter sequences bind to recombinant HFH-4 protein in electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Recombinant HFH-4 formed specific protein-DNA complexes with the promoter regions of the human prothrombin, beta amyloid precursor protein, alpha1-antichymotrypsin, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and rodent alpha2-macroglobulin, growth hormone receptors, and insulin-like growth factor II genes. Furthermore, we identified putative HFH-4 target genes in the bronchiolar epithelium including the clara cell secretory protein gene and the HNF-3alpha gene, a winged helix family member involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes in the bronchiolar epithelium. In support of these binding studies, cotransfection assays show that HFH-4 potentiates expression of the HNF-3alpha and clara cell secretory protein promoter regions.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 60612-7334, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D002831:Choroid Plexus / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004848:Epithelium / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors