title: Positron emission tomography studies of healthy volunteers--no effects on the dopamine terminals and synthesis after short-term exposure to toluene.
abstract: Despite extensive research, the mechanisms for the effects of organic solvents on the central nervous system are still unknown. One mechanism proposed is that solvents interfere with the synthesis of neurotransmitters. In the present study 11 male healthy volunteers were exposed during 15 min to 100 p.p.m. toluene at light physical exercise, and the dopamine decarboxylase activity and number of terminals in putamen were measured before and after exposure by positron emission tomography. Two different tracers were used [beta-11C]L-DOPA for decarboxylase activity during the in vivo synthesis of dopamine, and [11C]nomifensine to estimate the number of terminals. Although there was a slight increase in the rate of dopamine synthesis in the putamen after the exposure, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.4). No effect was observed with regard to the uptake of nomifensine. There was no significant relationship between the dose of toluene and rate of dopamine synthesis, and no significant correlation between the time from end of exposure to start of the PET-camera and DOPA. Our findings indicate that short term exposure to 100 p.p.m. of toluene does not affect the rate of dopamine synthesis or the number of presynaptic terminals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Edling
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hellman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arvidson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hartvig
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valind
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Långström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D007980:Levodopa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009627:Nomifensine / Q000378:metabolism; D011699:Putamen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D012997:Solvents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014050:Toluene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D012997:Solvents; D009627:Nomifensine; D014050:Toluene; D007980:Levodopa; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases; D004298:Dopamine