title: The role of subcellular localization in initiation of apoptosis by photodynamic therapy.
abstract: Rapid initiation of apoptosis can be induced by photodynamic therapy, depending on the cell line and sensitizer employed. In this study, we evaluated the photodynamic responses to two structurally related photosensitizing agents, using the P388 murine leukemia cell line in culture. Photodamage mediated by tin etiopurpurin involved lysosomes and mitochondria and yielded a rapid apoptotic response; apoptotic nuclei were observed within 60 min after PDT. A drug analog, tin octaethylpurpurin amidine, targeted lysosomes, mitochondria and cell membranes; apoptotic nuclei were not observed until 24 h after PDT. These results, together with other recent reports, are consistent with the hypothesis that membrane photodamage can delay or prevent an apoptotic response to PDT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, WSU School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. dhkessel@med.wayne.edu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kessel
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D007941:Leukemia P388 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011166:Porphyrins; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; C063166:tin etiopurpurin