title: Effect of beta 1 adrenergic receptor blockade on myocardial blood flow and vasodilatory capacity.
abstract: The beta 1 receptor blockade reduces cardiac work and may thereby lower myocardial blood flow (MBF) at rest. The effect of beta 1 receptor blockade on hyperemic MBF is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  To evaluate the effect of selective beta 1 receptor blockade on MBF at rest and during dipyridamole induced hyperemia, 10 healthy volunteers (8 men, 2 women, mean age 24 +/- 5 yr) were studied using 13N-ammonia PET (two-compartment model) under control conditions and again during metoprolol (50 mg orally 12 hr and 1 hr before the study).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The resting rate pressure product (6628 +/- 504 versus 5225 +/- 807) and heart rate (63 +/- 6-54 +/- 5 bpm) declined during metoprolol (p < 0.05). Similarly, heart rate and rate pressure product declined from the baseline dipyridamole study to dipyridamole plus metoprolol (p < 0.05). Resting MBF declined in proportion to cardiac work by approximately 20% from 0.61 +/- 0.09-0.51 +/- 0.10 ml/g/min (p < 0.05). In contrast, hyperemic MBF increased when metoprolol was added to dipyridamole (1.86 +/- 0.27-2.34 +/- 0.45 ml/g/min; p < 0.05). The decrease in resting MBF together with the increase in hyperemic MBF resulted in a significant increase in the myocardial flow reserve during metoprolol (3.14 +/- 0.80-4.61 +/- 0.68; p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The beta 1 receptor blockade increases coronary vasodilatory capacity and myocardial flow reserve. However, the mechanisms accounting for this finding remain uncertain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA School of Medicine 90095-6948, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Böttcher
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Czernin
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Phelps
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Schelbert
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000641:Ammonia; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004176:Dipyridamole; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009590:Nitrogen Radioisotopes; D011897:Random Allocation; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D009590:Nitrogen Radioisotopes; D004176:Dipyridamole; D000641:Ammonia; D008790:Metoprolol