title: Differential regulation of neuronal proteoglycans by activation of excitatory amino acid receptors.
abstract: Cell surface proteoglycans (PGs) have been implicated in neuronal growth, migration and differentiation and can play pivotal roles both in cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions during the development of the nervous system. We have previously shown that glutamate activation of excitatory amino acid receptors induces the synthesis and release of PGs with neurite-promoting activity from hippocampal neurones. In this study, we have investigated the activity-dependent regulation of mRNA expression of two PGs in fetal hippocampal neurones using a competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and correlated this expression with neuronal growth. Both cerebroglycan (CBG), a glycosylphatidylinositol-anchored heparan sulphate PG, and neurocan, a developmentally regulated chondroitin sulphate PG, are expressed in hippocampal neurones. Exposure of hippocampal neurones to 100 microM glutamate for 5 min resulted in an increase in CBG mRNA levels and an increase in axonal and dendritic length. The increase in CBG mRNA levels following glutamate exposure was mediated via both N-methyl-D-aspartate and metabotropic receptor activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Dow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003515:Cycloleucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D017931:DNA Primers; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005333:Fetus; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism; D053673:Glypicans; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000494:pharmacology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D058580:Neurocan; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D017931:DNA Primers; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; C504454:GPC2 protein, human; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols; D053673:Glypicans; C504456:Gpc2 protein, rat; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D058580:Neurocan; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011509:Proteoglycans; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D003515:Cycloleucine; C036361:1-amino-1,3-dicarboxycyclopentane; C076817:NCAN protein, human; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid