Immunologic responses to vaccinia vaccines administered by different parenteral routes.
To develop a less reactogenic but equally immunogenic vaccine, this study of 91 human volunteers compared the safety and immunogenic potency of a new, cell culture-derived vaccinia virus vaccine administered intradermally and intramuscularly with the licensed vaccinia vaccine administered by scarification. Cutaneous pox lesions developed in a higher proportion of scarification vaccinees. Scarification and intradermal vaccine recipients who developed cutaneous pox lesions had more local reactions but also achieved significantly higher cell-mediated and neutralizing antibody responses than those who did not develop pox lesions. Although less reactogenic, intradermal or intramuscular administration of vaccinia vaccine without the concomitant development of a cutaneous pox lesion induced lower immune responses.
McClain
D J
DJ
Division of Virology, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21702-5011, USA.
Harrison
S
S
Yeager
C L
CL
Cruz
J
J
Ennis
F A
FA
Gibbs
P
P
Wright
M S
MS
Summers
P L
PL
Arthur
J D
JD
Graham
J A
JA
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines