title: Changes of propofol levels in isolated cardiopulmonary bypass circuit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High dose fentanyl anesthesia in cardiac surgery has been supplemented with propofol to prevent patient's awareness and recall. It has been known that during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), fentanyl or midazolam concentration decreases, except for propofol where it remains unknown. This study evaluated the interaction between propofol and the CPB circuit in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three identical experiments were conducted. In each experiment we used a set of CPB circuit composed of a standard 3/8 inch PVC tubing trap, a reservoir and a pump. The reservoir was primed with 2,000 ml solution of 2.5% dextrose and 0.45% NaCl in which 20 mg propofol was added. The solution was circulated in the circuit at a flow rate of 2 L/min. The experimental period was 30 min. A 5 ml sample of the solution was taken from the venous sampling site of the circuit immediately prior to the experiment, and thereafter each from the arterial and venous sampling sites at 1, 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min after the start of the experiment. The samples were kept at 4 degrees C and assayed by HPLC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The propofol concentrations decreased exponentially with the increase of experimental time. There were no significant differences in the concentrations and the rates of decrease between the arterial sampling site and the venous sampling site. The decrease was 20% at 1 min, 68% at 10 min, 83% at 20 min, and 92% at 30 min after the beginning of the experiment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate the presence of propofol sequestration by the CPB circuit. Evaporation in the bubble oxygenator, absorption by and/or adherence to the circuit are suspected as the possible causative factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Dong Gang Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Jenn
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000097:blood*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D006801:Humans; D015742:Propofol / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015742:Propofol