The effect of hip fracture on mortality, hospitalization, and functional status: a prospective study.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the independent effect of hip fracture on mortalìty, hospitalization, and functional status.


METHODS
Among 7527 members of the Longitudinal Study of Aging who were over age 70 at baseline, 368 persons with hip fracture occurring between 1984 and 1991 were identified. Median length of follow-up was 831 days.


RESULTS
Hip fracture was significantly related to mortality (adjusted hazards ratio [AHR] = 1.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.55, 2.16) when treated as a time-dependent covariate. This effect was concentrated in the first 6 months postfracture (AHR = 38.93, 95% CI = 29.58, 51.23, vs AHR = 1.17; 95% CI = 0.95, 1.44). Hip fracture significantly increased the likelihood of subsequent hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio = 3.31, 95% CI = 2.64, 4.15) and increased the number of subsequent episodes by 9.4%, the number of hospital days by 21.3%, and total charges by 16.3%. Hip fracture also increased the number of functional status dependencies.


CONCLUSIONS
The health of older adults deteriorates after hip fracture, and efforts to reduce the incidence of hip fracture could lower subsequent mortality, morbidity, and health services use.
Wolinsky
F D
FD
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
Fitzgerald
J F
JF
Stump
T E
TE
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015984:Causality; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000401:mortality*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology