title: Environmental and occupational determinants of blood pressure in rural communities in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify and characterize major environmental and occupational determinants of blood pressure in rural communities in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1993 we conducted a large cross-sectional, community-based study of 20,216 residents aged 15 years or older, from the Yijing area of Anhui Province (8022 men, 12,194 women), one of whom were receiving treatment for hypertension. The mean systolic blood pressure was 116.7 +/- 19.5 mmHg for men and 113.2 +/- 19.4 mmHg for women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean diastolic blood pressure was 72.4 +/- 12.1 mmHg for men and 70.4 +/- 11.6 mmHg for women. Age and body mass index were the two most important determinants of blood pressure in this population. With controls for age and body mass index, height and weight remained significant predictors of blood pressure. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that alcohol consumption, self-reported exposure to noise, drinking of tap water and pond water, occupational exposure to dust/fumes/gases, rice consumption, inferior housing, household crowdedness, and being unmarried were related to increased blood pressure levels. Vegetable intake, frequent consumption of meat at meals, high level of physical activity, exposure to straw-combustion smoke, and pesticide use were negatively associated with blood pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated that a broad array of demographic, ergonomic, nutritional, and environmental factors are critical determinants of blood pressure in this rural Chinese population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Christiani
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000886:Anthropometry; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012424:Rural Population; D012907:Smoking