title: Comparison of the effects of tenoxicam and mid-laser irradiation on chronic adjuvant arthritis in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This controlled experimental study was designed to compare the effects of a well-known NSAID, tenoxicam, with mid-laser irradiation on the inflammatory component of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). Four groups of animals, each consisting of 10 Wistar rats, were included in the study. The primary concern was not to investigate the antiinflammatory effects of tenoxicam, but to compare the previously proven effects of this drug with a physical therapy agent which might be considered to have fewer side effects and/or contraindications.
  
  
  METHODS
  The first group received only 0.1 ml of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and served as the control for the other groups. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups, after having CFA injected into the plantar surfaces of their right paws, were treated with tenoxicam alone, mid-laser alone, or with a combination of the two, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All 3 groups showed significantly reduced paw edema compared with the control group. Although the reduction in paw edema in the animals treated with tenoxicam or with tenoxicam+ mid-laser was more significant, mid-laser is proposed as an alternative therapy for symptomatic relief in certain conditions well known to limit the use of NSAIDs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Trakya, Edirne, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulugöl
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Unalan
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dökmeci
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kokino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005528:Foot / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D053685:Laser Therapy; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010894:Piroxicam; C032801:tenoxicam