title: Cinnamate-4-hydroxylase expression in Arabidopsis. Regulation in response to development and the environment.
abstract: Cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H) is the first Cyt P450-dependent monooxygenase of the phenylpropanoid pathway. To study the expression of this gene in Arabidopsis thaliana, a C4H cDNA clone from the Arabidopsis expressed sequence tag database was identified and used to isolate its corresponding genomic clone. The entire C4H coding sequence plus 2.9 kb of its promoter were isolated on a 5.4-kb HindIII fragment of this cosmid. Inspection of the promoter sequence revealed the presence of a number of putative regulatory motifs previously identified in the promoters of other phenylpropanoid pathway genes. The expression of C4H was analyzed by RNA blot hybridization analysis and in transgenic Arabidopsis carrying a C4H-beta-glucuronidase transcriptional fusion. C4H message accumulation was light-dependent, but was detectable even in dark-grown seedlings. Consistent with these data, C4H mRNA was accumulated to light-grown levels in etiolated det1-1 mutant seedlings. C4H is widely expressed in various Arabidopsis tissues, particularly in roots and cells undergoing lignification. The C4H-driven beta-glucuronidase expression accurately reflected the tissue-specificity and wound-inducibility of the C4H promoter indicated by RNA blot hybridization analysis. A modest increase in C4H expression was observed in the tt8 mutant of Arabidopsis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bell-Lelong
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cusumano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chapple
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000235:genetics; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D050564:Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C493362:CYP73A5 protein, Arabidopsis; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D050564:Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase; D005966:Glucuronidase