title: Characterization of human foamy virus proteins expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses.
abstract: We report the generation of recombinant vaccinia viruses (VVs) expressing the gag, pol, bel-1, and bet open reading frames of human foamy virus (HFV), and the establishment of a transient, VV-T7 RNA polymerase-directed expression system for the HFV env gene. The correct expression of the HFV proteins was demonstrated by radioimmunoprecipitation using monospecific rabbit antisera, by analysis of the subcellular distribution (for VVgag, VVpol, VVbel-1, and VVbet), and by the ability to induce syncytium formation (for the env expression system). The HFV pol gene was successfully expressed using its own ATG start codon. Foamy viruses are regarded as retroviruses with intracytoplasmatic capsid assembly. However, when VVgag and VVpol were used to study the HFV Gag-Pol protein interaction and particle formation, no HFV capsid structures were observed in singly or doubly infected cells. In addition, no cleavage of the Pr74gag precursor molecule by the pol-encoded protease was detected in doubly infected cells. Our results indicate that foamy virus particle assembly is fundamentally different from that of other retroviruses.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Virologie und Immunbiologie, Universität Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Enssle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rethwilm
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niewiesk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D015750:Genes, gag; D015751:Genes, pol; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D011817:Rabbits; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016092:Spumavirus / Q000235:genetics*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics*; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; C074061:bel1 protein, Human foamy virus; C080099:bet protein, human foamy virus