title: Outbreak of trichinosis in Ontario secondary to the ingestion of wild boar meat.
abstract: We report an outbreak of trichinosis from the consumption of locally processed, cold smoked wild boar meat of a domestically reared animal from a farm in Dufferin County, Ontario. Between January and March 1993, 24 cases of trichinosis were identified and of these, 21 patients were symptomatic. The most common symptoms were myalgia (75%), weakness (75%), fever (71%) and periorbital edema (67%). Eosinophilia and elevated creatine phosphokinase levels were noted in 86% and 89% of patients respectively. Trichinella serology was positive in 55%. Two patients were hospitalized, one with severe diarrhoea and another with myalgia and fever. Several patients appeared to improve temporarily after treatment with albendazole. This outbreak reminds us that although trichinosis is rare in Ontario, physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for the disease. To prevent further outbreaks, the Ontario Government has instituted new guidelines for the processing of all wild boar meat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Greenbloom
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martin-Smith
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kittle
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Kain
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Keystone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D016266:Food Parasitology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D013552:Swine; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D003402:Creatine Kinase