title: Palmitic acid anilide-induced respiratory burst in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes is inhibited by a protein kinase C inhibitor, Ro 31-8220.
abstract: Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) were exposed to palmitic acid anilide, an impurity in the case oils that caused the Spanish Toxic Oil Syndrome in 1981, and to the corresponding fatty acid, palmitic acid. The effects of these compounds were studied on the production of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) and changes in the levels of free intracellular calcium. Palmitic acid anilide induced the production of reactive oxygen metabolites in PMNL. Interestingly, the palmitic acid anilide-induced respiratory burst was completely blocked by a protein kinase C inhibitor, Ro 31-8220. Moreover, palmitic acid anilide additively amplified the production of ROM caused by a chemotactic peptide, formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine (FMLP). In contrast, palmitic acid anilide did not have any effect on the production of ROM induced by a tumor promoter, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Palmitic acid, in turn, did not markedly induce the production of ROM nor did it amplify the agonist-induced respiratory burst. Neither of the compounds, alone or in combination with FMLP, affected the levels of intracellular calcium in PMNL. These results indicate that the aniline moiety in palmitic acid modifies its effects on the activation of human PMNL, and the subsequent oxidative burst. The present results also suggest that palmitic acid anilide may activate PMNL through a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: National Public Health Institute, Department of Environmental Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Heiskanen
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Savolainen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000813:Anilides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010169:Palmitic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000813:Anilides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D002118:Calcium; C064758:Ro 31-8220