title: Differential activation of NAD kinase by plant calmodulin isoforms. The critical role of domain I.
abstract: NAD kinase is a Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent enzyme capable of converting cellular NAD to NADP. The enzyme purified from pea seedlings can be activated by highly conserved soybean CaM, SCaM-1, but not by the divergent soybean CaM isoform, SCaM-4 (Lee, S. H., Kim, J. C., Lee, M. S., Heo, W. D., Seo, H. Y., Yoon, H. W., Hong, J. C., Lee, S. Y., Bahk, J. D., Hwang, I., and Cho, M. J. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 21806-21812). To determine which domains were responsible for this differential activation of NAD kinase, a series of chimeric SCaMs were generated by exchanging functional domains between SCaM-4 and SCaM-1. SCaM-4111, a chimeric SCaM-1 that contains the first domain of SCaM-4, was severely impaired (only 40% of maximal) in its ability to activate NAD kinase. SCaM-1444, a chimeric SCaM-4 that contains the first domain of SCaM-1 exhibited nearly full ( approximately 70%) activation of NAD kinase. Only chimeras containing domain I of SCaM-1 produced greater than half-maximal activation of NAD kinase. To define the amino acid residue(s) in domain I that were responsible for this differential activation, seven single residue substitution mutants of SCaM-1 were generated and tested for NAD kinase activation. Among these mutants, only K30E and G40D showed greatly reduced NAD kinase activation. Also a double residue substitution mutant, K30E/G40D, containing these two mutations in combination was severely impaired in its NAD kinase-activating potential, reaching only 20% of maximal activation. Furthermore, a triple mutation, K30E/M36I/G40D, completely abolished NAD kinase activation. Thus, our data suggest that domain I of CaM plays a key role in the differential activation of NAD kinase exhibited by SCaM-1 and SCaM-4. Further, the residues Lys30 and Glu40 of SCaM-1 are critical for this function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju 660-701, Korea.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D009249:NADP; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C021844:NAD kinase; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases