title: Categorization of voice disorders with six perceptual dimensions.
abstract: To obtain a perceptual reference for acoustic feature selection, 94 male and 124 female voices were categorized using the ratings of 6 clinicians on visual analog scales for pathology, roughness, breathiness, strain, asthenia, and pitch. Partial correlations showed that breathiness and roughness were the main determinants of pathology. The six-dimensional ratings (the six median scores for each voice) were categorized with the aid of the Sammon map and the self-organizing map. The five categories created differed with respect to the breathiness/roughness ratio and the degree of pathology.
authors.affiliation: Neural Networks Research Centre, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leinonen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiltunen
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Laakso
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rihkanen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Poppius
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D014833:Voice Quality