title: Paternity after bilateral cryptorchidism. A controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare paternity among men with former bilateral cryptorchidism (referred to as the bilateral group) with a group of men with former unilateral cryptorchidism (referred to as the unilateral group) and a control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Epidemiologic survey of study cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Large urban pediatric hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men with former bilateral and unilateral cryptorchidism who underwent orchiopexy between 1955 and 1971 at the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa, and a group of control men have been surveyed by questionnaire concerning paternity and factors related to paternity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paternity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the married men who had bilateral cryptorchidism, 50% had fathered children, compared with 76% in the control group and 74% in the unilateral group. Data were similar when the men who were cohabitating were included with the married men. When men who had married and had attempted paternity were evaluated, 62% of the men in the bilateral group had been able to father children compared with 94% of the control group and 89% of the men in the unilateral group. No relationship was noted between the age of orchiopexy or lifestyle factors and paternity. Paternity among all groups was related to female-related infertility factors and to the presence of varicoceles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Paternity was compromised after bilateral cryptorchidism when compared with men with former unilateral cryptorchidism and a control group. Among the bilateral group, infertility is about 3.5 times as frequent than the unilateral group and more than 6 times as frequent among the control group. No correlation was found between age of orchiopexy and paternity for either group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pa, USA. leep@chplink.chp.edu
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Songer
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Coughlin
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Bellinger
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: LaPorte
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000601:surgery*; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage; D010334:Paternity; D013737:Testis / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery