title: Activation of P388D1 macrophage cell line by chemotherapeutic drugs.
abstract: It has been found that certain antineoplastic drugs impart their function with a distinct duality. Besides being tumoricidal, they are capable of acting as immunopotentiator. This led us to investigate the effect of cytosine arabinoside (CA), vincristine sulphate (VS), cyclophosphamide (CS), mitomycin C (MMC), hydroxy urea (HU) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on a macrophage cell line P388D1. Supernatants collected from P388D1 cells treated with CA, VS, CS, MMC, HU or LPS demonstrated enhanced production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) confirmed by bioassay on L929 tumor target cells and increased interleukin-1 (IL-1) production by standard thymocyte proliferation bioassay. Also, supernatants showed increased amounts of nitric oxide and lysozyme using Griess reaction and reduction in turbidity of Micrococcus lysodeikticus, respectively. The above findings demonstrate that these drugs may be used not only as chemotherapeutic agents but also as macrophage-activating agents.
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shrivastava
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khetarpal
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sarmah
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sodhi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007941:Leukemia P388 / Q000503:physiopathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D009113:Muramidase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009113:Muramidase; D006918:Hydroxyurea