title: Antiapoptotic compound to enhance hypothermic liver preservation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apoptosis (programmed cell death) occurs as a consequence of global organ ischemia during isolation and storage prior to transplantation. If apoptosis is inhibited during ischemia, organ preservation should be improved, and the length of time for permissible storage may be increased. The objective of this study was to test the effect of a newly developed antiapoptotic compound, LXR-015, during extended hypothermic liver preservation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of 12 rats each were studied. In the normal group, liver function was studied immediately after harvesting. In the study group, harvested livers were flushed with Euro-Collins solution (30 ml/kg body weight) containing LXR-015 at a concentration equivalent to 9 mg/kg animal body weight (300 microg/ml). The livers were then stored at 4 degrees C for 24 hr before liver function was studied. In the control group, harvested livers were flushed with Euro-Collins solution without LXR-015 and then stored at 4 degrees C for 24 hr before liver function was studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Portal venous flow was higher (P<0.05) in the normal and study groups compared with the control group. Portal venous resistance was lower (P<0.05) in the normal and study groups compared with the control group. Liver tissue oxygen consumption in the study group was significantly higher than in both the normal and control groups (P<0.05). Liver enzyme production (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase) was higher in the control group than in either the study or normal group (P<0.05). Bile production in both the normal and study groups was higher than in the control group (P<0.05). The liver tissue wet to dry weight ratio in both the normal and study groups was lower than in the control group (P<0.05). Histopathology studies revealed fewer apoptotic bodies (P<0.05) in both the normal (1.70+/-0.15 per high-power field) and study groups (2.08+/-0.10 per high-power field) than in the control group (7.92+/-.33 per high-power field).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adding an antiapoptotic compound, LXR-015, to Euro-Collins solution significantly improves hypothermic preservation of the rat liver compared with Euro-Collins solution alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40292, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Tomei
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Bathurst
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Issel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Columbano
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Salley
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chien
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009926:Organ Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010477:Perfusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011168:Portal System / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C037096:Euro-Collins' solution; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; C105310:LXR 015; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D003402:Creatine Kinase