title: Potential of surface laser scanning to measure facial movement.
abstract: Linear and area measurements on the surface contour of the face have been recorded in a variety of chosen facial postures using surface laser scanning techniques on healthy volunteers. Subjects were scanned before and after active and voluntary (against resistance) movements. Quantitative measurements of changes in these lengths and areas were made by computer integration to provide an impression of the changes that accompany facial expression. Lip movements were found to be associated with dimensional changes at all facial locations tested, imposed by the action of the underlying muscles. The system has a potential value for dynamic monitoring of facial movement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University College London Medical School, University College, London.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cacou
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: McGrouther
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005149:Facial Expression; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D009068:Movement