title: Phase II trial of continuous oral trofosfamide in patients with advanced colorectal cancer refractory to 5-fluorouracil.
abstract: Fourteen patients with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) refractory, progressive colorectal cancer metastatic to liver and/or lung were treated with continuous oral trofosfamide, an alkylating agent structurally related to cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide. Trofosfamide was given daily at 200 mg/day. No objective partial or complete responses were seen in 14 evaluable patients. There were four patients with stable disease or minor responses; the median duration of stable disease during trofosfamide treatment was 14 weeks, with of range of 12-36 weeks. Mild to moderate side effects were reported in seven patients including grade 1-2 nausea in four patients, grade 1 leukopenia in two patients and grade 1 anemia in one patient. Trofosfamide in this dose and schedule shows minor activity in 5-FU refractory colorectal cancer. Because of very little side effects, dose escalations appear to be possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine (Cancer Research), West German Cancer Center, University of Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Strumberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harstrick
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Klaassen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Eberhardt
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Korn
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wilke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seeber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; C003726:trofosfamide; D005472:Fluorouracil