title: Additive effects of basic fibroblast growth factor and phorbol ester on beta-amyloid precursor protein expression and secretion.
abstract: Expression of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP), a proteoglycan whose proteolytically derived fragments have been implicated in the neuropathology observed in Alzheimer's disease, is regulated by a variety of stimuli including cytokines, phorbol esters, and growth factors. In this study we report the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and the protein kinase C activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), on beta-APP expression and secretion in SKNMC human neuroblastoma cells. Treatment of the cells with bFGF for 24 h increased APP promoter activity 200%, cell-associated full-length protein 189%, and secreted amino-terminal fragments 192% compared to basal levels. Treatment of the cells with PMA for 24 h also up-regulated APP expression and secretion with increases of 170, 112, and 161% being observed for promoter activity, cell-associated full-length protein, and secreted amino-terminal fragments, respectively. The effects of bFGF and PMA on the expression and secretion of beta-APP were additive and distinct in that: (a) co-treatment of the cells with maximally stimulating doses of bFGF and PMA had an additive effect on both induced full-length protein expression (242%) and secretion of amino-terminal fragments (311%) compared to basal levels; (b) net levels of full-length protein expression and secretion induced by bFGF and PMA differed significantly from each other; and (c) down-regulation of phorbol ester-stimulated protein kinase C by pre-treatment of the cells for 24 h with 1 microM PMA failed to attenuate bFGF-induced transcription or induced secretion of beta-APP.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Hoechst Marion Roussel Inc., Bridgewater, NJ 08807-0800, USA.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Ringheim
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aschmies
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Petko
mesh_terms: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D002273:Carcinogens; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate