title: Supporting hope in congestive heart failure patients.
abstract: Critically ill patients want to maintain hope in their life. The need for hope and a sense of hopefulness does not end when the patient is hospitalized. The nursing diagnosis of hopelessness is common for many critical care patients, and especially cardiac problems such as congestive heart failure. These author describe a model of hopelessness that suggests strategies for increasing the patient's sense of hope.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, California State University, Long Beach, USA.
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dahlen
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D003422:Critical Care; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008875:Middle Aged; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009013:Morale; D009733:Nursing Diagnosis; D012944:Social Support