title: Runt domain partner proteins enhance DNA binding and transcriptional repression in cultured Drosophila cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Drosophila gene runt plays multiple roles during embryogenesis, including one as a pair-rule class segmentation gene. The runt protein (Runt) contains an evolutionarily conserved domain (the Runt domain) that is found in several mammalian proteins including the human protein AML1, which is involved in many chromosome translocations associated with leukaemia. Specific DNA binding activity of a mammalian Runt domain is enhanced by a partner protein called PEBP2beta/CBFbeta. DNA binding activity of Drosophila Runt is also stimulated by this protein, suggesting the existence of a similar Runt partner protein in Drosophila.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report here the cloning of two closely linked Drosophila genes, runt domain partner (rp) beta1 and beta2, that encode homologues of mouse PEBP2beta/CBFbeta. They are highly homologous to each other and to the mammalian counterpart. Either of the rpb proteins is capable of forming a complex with Runt and stimulating its DNA binding activity, but their temporal and spatial distributions are quite dissimilar, suggesting that functional specificity of Runt may be conferred by the interacting partner. Runt represses transcription dominantly when coexpressed with either partner in cultured cells, a function consistent with a direct role for Runt in regulating expression of the even-skipped gene in Drosophila embryos.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Drosophila Runt can interact with either of two Runt domain partners, and the resulting complex functions as an active repressor of transcription.
authors.affiliation: Kimmel Cancer Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Yusibova
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sackerson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tillib
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satake
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C105841:Bgb protein, Drosophila; C105840:Bro protein, Drosophila; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C080833:run protein, Drosophila; D004247:DNA