title: Classification of normogonadotropic infertility: polycystic ovaries diagnosed by ultrasound versus endocrine characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the predictive value of polycystic ovaries for endocrine signs of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled descriptive study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic tertiary care fertility clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normogonadotropic (FSH levels between 1 and 10 mIU/mL conversion factor to SI unit, 1.0) oligomenorrheic or amenorrheic women visiting our fertility clinic and a control group of regularly cycling, healthy, normal weight volunteers recruited by advertisement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single blood samples and transvaginal sonography were performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum levels of FSH, LH, androstenedione (A), and T and ovarian volume, ovarian stroma density, and follicle number.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In control women, the 95th percentile was calculated for ovarian volume, follicle number, and stroma count as well as endocrine parameters. The use of these upper limits of normal in the study group resulted in 217 (66%) patients with polycystic ovaries on ultrasound (defined as increased mean ovarian volume and/or mean follicle number per ovary), whereas only 120 (36%) patients exhibited elevated serum androgens (increased A and/or T concentrations) and 155 (47%) showed elevated LH levels. Sensitivity and specificity of single or combined sonographic parameters for prediction of elevated serum LH or androgen concentrations were limited.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the study group of normogonadotropic oligomenorrhea or amenorrheic infertile women, we set strict cutoff levels for various criteria used in the literature for defining PCOS. Groups defined by sonographic or endocrine PCOS criteria did overlap, but sonographic parameters had limited predictive value for abnormal hormone serum levels.
authors.affiliation: Dijkzigt Academic Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: van Santbrink
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hop
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Fauser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea; D000728:Androgens / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D015592:Immunoradiometric Assay; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000145:classification* / Q000209:etiology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D009839:Oligomenorrhea; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone