title: Salmon calcitonin nasal spray in the prevention of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.
abstract: The objectives were to determine the efficacy and safety of nasal salmon calcitonin 200 IU daily in the prevention of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis. A minimized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in corticosteroid-treated patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. The setting was a tertiary care university-affiliated hospital and a total of 31 patients were enrolled. The primary outcome measure was the percentage change in bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in the two treatment groups from baseline to 1 yr of follow-up. The mean +/- S.D. bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in the calcitonin-treated group decreased by 1.29 +/- 6.76% and in the placebo group by 4.95 +/- 3.50% after 12 months. The observed difference of 3.65 +/- 2.10% between groups is statistically significant (P < 0.05). Nasal salmon calcitonin prevented loss of bone in the lumbar spine as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
authors.affiliation: St Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Bensen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Cividino
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Sturtridge
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sebaldt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Themeles
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tugwell
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gent
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011111:Polymyalgia Rheumatica / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D011241:Prednisone / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D005938:Glucocorticoids; C028815:salmon calcitonin; D002116:Calcitonin; D011241:Prednisone