title: Parametrization of mammography normalized average glandular dose tables.
abstract: Data from existing tables of normalized glandular doses in mammography were parametrized to determine analytical expressions that match tabulated results within known uncertainties. The parametrization was performed for three different target/filter combinations (molybdenum target-molybdenum filter, molybdenum target-rhodium filter, and rhodium target-rhodium filter) and three different breast compositions (100% adipose, 50% adipose-50% glandular, and 100% glandular). The analytical expressions provide the normalized glandular dose for any breast composition within stated ranges of tabulated input parameters (kVp, half-value layer, and breast thickness). The maximum difference between tabulated and parametrized data is 1.29%, which is smaller than the stated 2% uncertainty in tabulated dose data due to uncertainties in the x-ray spectra models used to generate the tables. Analytical expressions are easily coded to create custom functions that return the normalized glandular dose for the set of input parameters. Examples of implementation are presented in Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Alabama Hospitals and Clinics, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35233, USA.
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Sobol
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001940:Breast / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000592:standards*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D008982:Molybdenum; D011786:Quality Control; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012238:Rhodium
chemical_list: D008982:Molybdenum; D012238:Rhodium