title: Synthesis and biological evaluation of the 1,5-diarylpyrazole class of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: identification of 4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benze nesulfonamide (SC-58635, celecoxib).
abstract: A series of sulfonamide-containing 1,5-diarylpyrazole derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their ability to block cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in vitro and in vivo. Extensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) work was carried out within this series, and a number of potent and selective inhibitors of COX-2 were identified. Since an early structural lead (1f, SC-236) exhibited an unacceptably long plasma half-life, a number of pyrazole analogs containing potential metabolic sites were evaluated further in vivo in an effort to identify compounds with acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles. This work led to the identification of 1i (4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)- H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzenesulfonamide, SC-58635, celecoxib), which is currently in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Searle Research and Development, Skokie, Illinois 60077, USA.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Penning
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Talley
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bertenshaw
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Docter
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Graneto
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Malecha
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Miyashiro
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rogier
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.lastname: AndersonGD
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Cogburn
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Koboldt
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seibert
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Veenhuizen
authors.forename: Y Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Isakson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000494:pharmacology; D000068579:Celecoxib; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011720:Pyrazoles; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D002351:Carrageenan; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496513:Ptgs1 protein, rat; D000068579:Celecoxib