title: Presynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptors inhibit excitatory synaptic transmission in rat brain stem.
abstract: The synaptic connection between the commissural portion of the nucleus tractus solitarius (ComNTS) and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) was studied in rat brain stem slices, using the patch-clamp technique. The excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSC) evoked by stimulation of the ComNTS were blocked by kynurenic acid (1 mM) and, in Mg2+-free solution, were sensitive to both the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor blocker 3-[(RS)-2-carboxypiperazine-4-yl] -propyl-1-phosphonic acid (20 microM) and the non-NMDA receptor blocker 2,3-dihydro-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo(f)quinoxaline (5 microM). Norepinephrine (NE, 1-100 microM) inhibited the EPSC, and the inhibition was attenuated by the alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonists idazoxan (1 microM) and yohimbine (10 microM) but not by the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist nadolol (50 microM). The NE-releasing agent tyramine (100 microM) reduced the EPSC, and the inhibition was attenuated by 1 microM idazoxan. NE (30 microM) did not affect the membrane input resistance but reduced the paired-pulse depression, demonstrating that NE acts on presynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptors. The results indicate the existence of a glutamatergic pathway from the ComNTS to the DMV neurons modulated by presynaptic NE receptors. This pathway might be a component of the vagovagal reflex regulating gastrointestinal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia 20007, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertolino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vicini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gillis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Travagli
mesh_terms: D058669:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005971:Glutamates / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000502:physiology*; D017661:Receptors, Presynaptic; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D058669:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D005971:Glutamates; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D017661:Receptors, Presynaptic; D009638:Norepinephrine