title: Infant walker use, injuries, and motor development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the impact of infant walker use on motor development and injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty five parents or primary care givers who attended a Singapore government polyclinic from September 1993 to February 1994, with their infants between 7 to 10 months, for a developmental assessment session.
  
  
  METHODS
  A government polyclinic in Singapore.
  
  
  METHODS
  The parent or primary care giver answered questions pertaining to infant walker use and injuries attributed to its use. Each infant was then given the Singapore modified version of the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST-S), along with a full clinical examination; both testers were blinded to walker use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and sixty seven (90%) of 185 infants used walkers regularly, and 21 (12.5%) of the users had one or more injuries. Most injuries were minor, such as bruises and swellings on the head, forehead, face, and cheeks. None of the children who did not use walkers showed any abnormal DDST-S results whereas 18 (10.8%) of the 167 walker users had either abnormal or questionable DDST-S results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  12.5% of walker users had one or more injuries and walker use may also delay the child's motor development. These findings will help the physician or nurse in primary care settings to advise parents about the potential hazards of walker use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine, National University of Singapore.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Thein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ling
mesh_terms: D000061:Accidents, Home / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002657:Child Development; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015370:Infant Equipment / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D015995:Prevalence; D012846:Singapore; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control