title: The effect of smokeless tobacco extract on murine T cell cytokine production.
abstract: Exposure of oral tissue to components of smokeless tobacco (ST) increases susceptibility to oral cancer and periodontal disease. Altered T cell cytokine expression patterns due to ST components could affect the course of these oral diseases. To determine if ST components bring about changes in cytokine expression, T cells in whole splenic mononuclear cell populations (SPM) and enriched T cells, costimulated with anti-CD28 were exposed to 1:10(2) to 1:10(4) dilutions of ST extract and stimulated with anti-CD3, IL-2, IL-4, IFN-gamma and IL-10 were measured using enzyme immunoassays and RT-PCR. IFN-gamma production by enriched T cells costimulated with anti-CD28, was decreased at all concentration of ST while IL-10 production were decreased at 72 h in cultures with 1:10(2). IL-2 production was significantly increased upon exposure of T cells to 1:10(2) ST extract. ST did not significantly impact IL-4 production. Overall the data indicate that expression of key cytokines, IFN-gamma and IL-10, are consistently decreased upon exposure to ST while IL-2 is increased. Thus, exposure of T cells to physiological concentrations of ST can alter the T cell cytokine expression pattern as to potentially influence oral cancer and periodontal disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln 68583-0740, USA.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Petro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D017252:CD3 Complex; D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma