title: Discriminability of fracture and nonfracture cases based on the spatial distribution of spinal bone mineral.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of our study is to demonstrate that spinal mineral distribution measured with CT can distinguish normal from osteoporotic individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  CT studies of lumbar vertebrae (L1-L3) from 121 clinically normal women without fractures and 57 women with one or more atraumatic fractures somewhere in the skeleton were evaluated with discriminant analysis based on indices of the spatial distribution and noise properties of spinal bone mineral density (BMD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of discriminant analysis for all of the normal and osteoporotic women (L1-L3) resulted in a classification accuracy of 87.1% for fracture cases and 83.2% for nonfracture cases. In contrast, using the conventional method in the same patient population, 62.5% of BMD values of osteoporotics overlapped with those of normals whose BMD was below the 90th centile of osteoporotics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT-based measures of the spinal mineral distribution can increase the accuracy of discriminating fracture and nonfracture cases almost to 90% accuracy, even in a region below the fracture threshold. This shows that in this region the risk of fracture is not completely random but has a stochastic component as well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sandor
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Felsenberg
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000150:complications; D011859:Radiography; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology