[Ruptured traumatic aneurysms of the peripheral anterior cerebral artery: study of delayed hemorrhage after closed head injury].
We report three cases of ruptured traumatic aneurysms of the peripheral anterior cerebral artery after closed head injury. These cases were all young men with closed head injury due to traffic accidents. Consciousness level on admission was coma in all three cases. Case 1 was a 19-year-old man with interhemispheric hematoma on initial CT, then 7 days later his consciousness cleared. However, 14 days later he suddenly lapsed into a deep coma with a severe frontal hemorrhage. Case 2 was a 13-year-old boy. Plain skull films demonstrated a frontal depressed fracture, but CT scan showed no bleeding. Four days later his consciousness cleared but 11 days after trauma, he lapsed into a deep coma with a frontal hemorrhage. Case 3 was a 22-year-old man. Initial CT showed a slight ventricular hemorrhage. Fourteen days later, his consciousness had almost cleared, but then he lapsed into a deep coma with a large frontal hemorrhage 11 weeks after the trauma. These patients all died within a few days after intracranial bleeding. All patients underwent cerebral angiography but none of them showed filling defect. Autopsy was performed and ruptured aneurysms were found on the distal anterior cerebral artery that had no relation to the branch of bifurcation. Histological examination demonstrated a lack of elastic lamina and media in all of these three cases, so each of them was a victim of so-called false aneurysm. Twenty reported cases of ruptured traumatic aneurysms of the peripheral cerebral artery with delayed hemorrhage after closed head injury were reviewed. Factors in the traumatic aneurysm showed no relation to the duration of disturbed consciousness. Within one month, delayed hemorrhage due to ruptured traumatic aneurysm occurred. None of the delayed hemorrhages involved subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subdural hematoma was seen in the distal middle cerebral artery and frontal hemorrhage was found in the distal anterior cerebral artery. We consider that frontal hemorrhage is a predictive finding for the type of delayed hemorrhage due to traumatic aneurysm in the distal anterior cerebral artery.
Sasaoka
Y
Y
Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Prefectural Critical Care Medical Center.
Kamada
K
K
Kanemoto
Y
Y
Otsuka
H
H
Sakitani
H
H
Motoyama
Y
Y
D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000150:complications*; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000293:injuries*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male