title: DNA sequences essential for transcription of human phospholipid transfer protein gene in HepG2 cells.
abstract: The present study was conducted to determine the essential DNA sequences required for the transcription of the human phospholipid transfer protein gene. Truncation studies revealed that DNA sequences between -230 and -159, particularly those at the upstream region, were responsible for the full promoter activity. This region was able to compete with AP-2 and GRE oligonucleotides for the binding to HepG2 cell nuclear extract as shown by gel mobility shift assay. Further analysis, using site-directed mutagenesis, indicated that DNA sequences identical to Sp1 and highly homologous to GRE and Ap-2 consensus sequences were essential for the transcription. These findings support the concept that several elements, spread over the entire functional promoter, synergistically drive the basal transcription.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98103, USA.
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wolfbauer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Albers
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D049294:Phospholipid Transfer Proteins; D010743:Phospholipids; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D049294:Phospholipid Transfer Proteins; D010743:Phospholipids; D014157:Transcription Factors