title: Phosphatidic acid formation by phospholipase D is required for transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lipid molecules may play a regulatory role in the secretory pathway of mammals and yeast. The lipid hydrolase phospholipase D (PLD) is one candidate for mediating regulation of secretion, based on the location of this enzyme and its requirements for activation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that primary alcohols, which block formation of phosphatidic acid (PA) by PLD, inhibited the transport of two different viral glycoproteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Corresponding secondary alcohols, which are much less potent in blocking PA formation, were also less effective in blocking transport of the glycoproteins. The block in glycoprotein transport imposed by primary alcohols was reversed when PA, in the form of liposomes, was exogenously supplied to the culture medium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that the earliest site of regulation of membrane transport by PLD is within the intermediate compartment between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235-9038, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Ktistakis
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism*; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000502:physiology; D008081:Liposomes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000502:physiology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; C028391:G protein, vesicular stomatitis virus; D006023:Glycoproteins; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D008081:Liposomes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D010739:Phospholipase D