title: Co-localization of androgen receptor and nitric oxide synthase in the ventral premammillary nucleus of the newborn rat: an immunohistochemical study.
abstract: The distribution of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER) and aromatase (ARO) was studied in the dorsal and ventral premammillary nuclei (PMd and PMv) of the newborn rat by immunohistochemistry. In the intact male pups, nNOS immunoreactivity (-IR) was present both in the PMd and the PMv, while AR-IR was detected only in the PMv. On the other hand, ER-IR and ARO-IR were scarcely encountered in the both PMd and PMv. By double immunostaining of nNOS and AR, all the nNOS-IR cells in the PMv were revealed to contain AR-IR. In the intact female pups, nNOS-IR was present in the both PMd and PMv, but neither ER-, nor ARO-IR were detected in the PM region. In the PMv of the intact female rat, no AR-IR was detected at 6 days of age, while it was detected as only a faint staining within 12 h after birth. When the male pups were castrated neonatally, no AR-IR was detected in the PMv. Subcutaneous injections of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) induced strong AR-IR in the castrated male and the intact female pups. On the contrary, the intensity of nNOS-IR stayed unchanged among these animals. Neonatal androgen and nitric oxide has been considered important to brain development. Moreover, involvement of the PMv in aggressive and mating behavior of male animals has been reported. Together with the fact that the AR-IR and nNOS-IR were found in the same neurons in the PMv, involvement of this nucleus in masculinization of the brain by non-aromatizable androgen is postulated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Neuroscience, Fuchu-City, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokosuka
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Prins
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001141:Aromatase / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004302:Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000032:analysis*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis; D012733:Sex Differentiation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D001141:Aromatase