title: An HIV-1 natural history cohort and survival times in rural Uganda.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a population-based rural cohort of HIV-1-seropositive and seronegative individuals established in 1990 in south-west Uganda, and determine survival times in the cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were recruited from a large population study, and invited to attend a clinic every 3 months. They were seen by clinicians who administered detailed medical questionnaires and undertook a physical examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By the end of 1995, 390 (79%) of the 491 people asked to enrol in the natural history cohort (NHC) had done so. Ninety-three were prevalent cases of HIV infection detected during the initial survey round of the general population cohort in 1989/1990, 66 were subsequent incident cases, 177 were age-matched HIV-negative controls and 54 were HIV-negative spouses of HIV-positive individuals. Twenty participants seroconverted in the NHC. The age-standardized mortality rates per 1000 person-years for the prevalent, incident, and negative cases were 156.5 [95% confidence interval (CI), 115.8-211.4], 35.0 (95% CI, 16.4 75.0) and 13.5 (95% CI, 7.3-25.1), respectively. The median survival time from enrolment to death for the prevalent cases was 4.5 years (95% CI, 3.5- > 5.2); > 5.4 years from seroconversion for the incident cases; and > 5.2 years from enrolment for the HIV-negative cases. The 5-year cumulative survival for prevalents, incidents and HIV-negative participants was 46%, 83% and 94%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have described an NHC of HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants which is representative of the general population. The NHC was established over 5 years ago; it is continuing and we are maintaining good compliance rates. Survival probabilities in the cohort were lower than most other reported studies.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Programme on AIDS, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Malamba
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Maude
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Okongo
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Whitworth
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology