title: Dietary management of acute diarrhoea in children: effect of fermented and amylase-digested weaning foods on intestinal permeability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a strong relationship between diarrhoea, malnutrition, and intestinal integrity. To investigate the effect of different dietary-treatment on intestinal permeability during acute diarrhoea, 87 Tanzanian children aged 6-25 months were recruited to this study when admitted to hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children with acute diarrhoea were rehydrated and then randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatment groups: a conventional low-energy density porridge, a high-energy density amylase digested porridge (AMD), or a high-energy density amylase digested and then fermented porridge (FAD). Lactulose/mannitol permeability tests were performed on admission, at 3 days, and at follow-up 2 and 4 weeks after discharge. The lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratios were compared between dietary treatment groups and to a group of age-matched, healthy control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with diarrhoea had higher L/M ratios (geometric mean 0.85, 95% CI 0.68-1.05) compared with control subjects (0.14, 0.12-0.17) on admission. There was a significant difference in the change in L/M ratio between admission and 3 days between dietary treatment groups in favour of the FAD group (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary treatment and intestinal damage at admission explain 13.5% of the variation in L/M ratio, but when age at admission and age at weaning are included as covariants, 21.9% is explained. FAD porridge seems to be more effective in the treatment of intestinal permeability than AMD or conventional porridge. Urinary lactose concentrations in spot urine samples taken prior to the permeability test were also measured. There was a significant correlation with the L/M ratio (correlation coefficient = 0.62, p < 0.001).
authors.affiliation: Centre for International Child Health, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Willumsen
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Darling
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kitundu
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Kingamkono
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Msengi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mduma
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tomkins
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000681:Amylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003968:Diarrhea, Infantile / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004063:Digestion; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007422:Intestines / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007792:Lactulose / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000378:metabolism; D010539:Permeability; D013636:Tanzania; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D008353:Mannitol; D007792:Lactulose; D000681:Amylases