title: Comparison of antibacterial activities of meropenem and six other antimicrobials against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from North American studies and clinical trials.
abstract: The in vitro activity of meropenem was compared with those of six other antimicrobials against up to 1,182 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from 16 North American centers by means of standardized controlled methods. Meropenem was the most active drug. These isolates were less frequently resistant to meropenem (4.2%) than to imipenem (12.5%), ceftazidime (15.6%), piperacillin (21%), ciprofloxacin (16%), tobramycin (26%), or gentamicin (29.8%). Of 147 imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates, 43.8% were susceptible to meropenem, and 26.9% additional isolates were moderately susceptible to meropenem. Of 49 meropenem-resistant (MIC, > or = 16 micrograms/mL) isolates, 85.7% were also imipenem-resistant, and 24% to 79% were resistant to other antimicrobials. Meropenem MICs were lower than imipenem and ceftazidime MICs for 92 P. aeruginosa isolates from meropenem clinical trials. Carbapenem MICs of > or = 16 micrograms/mL for selected P. aeruginosa isolates from meropenem clinical trials were associated with loss of the approximately 45-kD outer-membrane protein and/or production of type I beta-lactamases. No metallo-beta-lactamases (e.g., "efficient" carbapenemases) were detected.
authors.affiliation: Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, Delaware 19897, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Iaconis
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pitkin
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Nadler
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000494:pharmacology; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015378:Imipenem / Q000494:pharmacology; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D000077731:Meropenem; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology; D010878:Piperacillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D013845:Thienamycins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002511:Cephalosporins; D005839:Gentamicins; D010406:Penicillins; D013845:Thienamycins; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D015378:Imipenem; D002442:Ceftazidime; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C063912:carbapenemase; D000077731:Meropenem; D014031:Tobramycin; D010878:Piperacillin