title: Mastication and swallowing in patients with postirradiation xerostomia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Very little objective data has been reported on mastication and swallowing in xerostomic patients, which would substantiate presumed causal relationships between xerostomia and patient complaints. The purpose was to elucidate which components of mastication and swallowing were abnormal, and most directly related to xerostomia, and which appeared unaffected.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of timing events in mastication and swallowing was done using videofluoroscopic data for 15 cancer patients with xerostomia, and 20 normal controls. Scintigraphy was also used to determine oropharyngeal residue after a water swallow. Cancer treatment modalities included radiation therapy or chemoradiation therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For barium liquid and paste substances, timing measures were equivalent for controls and patients. Xerostomic patients took 46% longer to masticate a shortbread cookie, and timing for the initiation of swallowing was shorter, but duration of swallowing appeared unaffected. Oral and pharyngeal residues following the swallow were greater in the patient group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Xerostomia primarily affected mastication and oral manipulation of a dry, absorbent food material. Increased oral and pharyngeal residues after a water swallow are ambiguously related to xerostomia. The initiation and duration of the pharyngeal swallow was not abnormal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamlet
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Faull
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aref
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fontanesi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stachler
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shamsa
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simpson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D003817:Dentition; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014987:Xerostomia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*