title: [Ureteral ectopia in pediatric age: treatment and evolution in 55 cases].
abstract: In the last twenty years 55 children with ureteral ectopia were diagnosed and treated in our Hospital. Thirty seven of them were female (67.3%) and they presented the urinary tract infection like the most frequent symptomatology. Seven children were diagnosed during the first days after being born because the detection of hydronephrosis in the antenatal ultrasound; 36 were associated with complete ureteric duplication (65.4%) and the other 19 with single system (34.6%). Congenital abnormalities associated were seen in 14 patients with more frequency in those which presented single-system ectopic ureter (12/14), being the imperforate anus and the kidney agenesia those the most incidence. The most frequent points of opening were the bladder neck and posterior uretra. Diagnostic work-up included some radiological studies (abdominal ultrasound, intravenous urography, sequence mictional cystourethrography and vaginogram), isotopical tests, meticulous genital exploration, cystoscopy and vaginoscopy. 49.1% underwent conservative surgical treatment (7 ipsilateral ureteroureterostomy and 20 ureteral reimplantation) and 50.9% underwent total or partial nephroureterectomy, being the type of treatment depended on functionality of renal units. After treatment, 74.5% had not any incident; among all postsurgical complications, reflux reappearance was the most frequent (3 cases).
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil La Fe, Valencia.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Estornell
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reig
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Domínguez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García Ibarra
mesh_terms: D001006:Anus, Imperforate / Q000601:surgery; D002404:Catheterization; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014513:Ureter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis