title: Domestic violence: counseling strategies that minimize the impact of secondary victimization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Psychotherapy with abused women.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To contrast the usefulness of several models of psychotherapy with abused women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of the literature and clinical experience of the authors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because marital counseling often focuses on the violence as a product of the couple system rather than oppression of the woman, the authors recommend individual counseling to address developmentally determined feelings of helplessness. The goal of this psychotherapy is empowerment.
authors.affiliation: Saint Joseph College of Nursing, College of St. Francis, Joliet, IL, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hattendorf
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Tollerud
mesh_terms: D018585:Battered Women / Q000523:psychology*; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006380:Helplessness, Learned; D006801:Humans; D008388:Marital Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016294:Models, Nursing; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D014933:Women's Rights