title: Pain in frail, elderly women after surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the lived experience of postoperative pain in frail, elderly women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Colaizzi's (1978) phenomenological approach. SAMPLE, METHOD: 16 hospitalized women from ages 75 to 93, who had abdominal surgery. Unstructured, open-ended interviews were conducted in 1992.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three major themes emerged: the immediate reality of pain, security, and dealing with pain. The immediate reality of pain consisted of the feeling, awareness, and past imposing on the present. Security consisted of comfort and trust. Dealing with pain consisted of endurance, control, and self-discovery of strategies, the most predominant of which was being still to relieve pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frail elderly women in this study tended to endure pain and to trust nurses to provide pain-relief measures. Nurses should carefully assess pain and the desire of patients for control of pain-relief measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University of Scranton, PA 18510-4595, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Zalon
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology*