title: Angiography in blunt thoracic aortic injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent studies have suggested that transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) can be used as the primary imaging method in patients suspected of traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta. A segment of the aorta and the aortic arch branches cannot be adequately evaluated in all patients by TEE. To assess the impact of these limitations of TEE, this retrospective study examined the aortographic features of traumatic aortic or great vessel injuries in a large number of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed clinical and imaging features of 89 patients with a history of blunt chest trauma and angiographic evidence of traumatic injury to the thoracic aorta or to its branches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of these 89 patients, 72 had aortic rupture alone. One (1%) of these ruptures occurred at the distal ascending aorta, a potential blind spot for TEE. Seventeen patients (19%) had 24 injuries to the aortic arch branches: in 14 of these 17 patients, the aorta was intact, whereas three patients also had aortic rupture. Seventy percent of the injuries to the aortic arch branches were not suspected on physical examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Twenty percent of patients in our retrospective series had traumatic involvement of aortic arch branches or the distal ascending aorta. These vascular injuries may be suboptimally assessed or overlooked if TEE is used as the sole imaging modality in the evaluation of patients with blunt chest trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, California 92354, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ahrar
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Razzouk
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Catalano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000293:injuries*; D001019:Aortic Rupture / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001027:Aortography / Q000592:standards*; D002648:Child; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*