title: Iron chelation decreases human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat potentiated tumor necrosis factor-induced NF-kappa B activation in Jurkat cells.
abstract: TNF-alpha stimulates HIV-1 replication via activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B. TNF-mediated activation of NF-kappa B is known to involve the intracellular formation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs). We recently demonstrated that HIV-1 Tat protein potentiates TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation by downregulation of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), shifting the cellular redox state towards pro-oxidative conditions. This study shows that treatment of Jurkat cells with iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) strongly decreases HIV-1 Tat-potentiated TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation but does not modify NF-kappa B activation by TNF-alpha. The ability of iron chelators to reduce Tat-potentiated TNF-induced NF-kappa B binding activity suggests that iron and intracellular hydroxyl radicals (OH.) are required for Tat effect. Moreover, we have shown that exogenously generated OH. markedly enhanced TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation in a dose-dependent manner while was not sufficient to trigger activation of NF-kappa B by itself. In addition, iron chelators had no effect either on MnSOD activity or on the decrease of this activity by Tat. Iron chelators had also no effect on the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG), but could elevate the GSH:GSSG ratio decreased by Tat protein. These observations suggest that the formation of intracellular OH. in the presence of iron ions play a major role in HIV-1 Tat enhancement of TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation and that iron chelation may protect Jurkat T cells, at least in part, against oxidative stress induced by Tat.
authors.affiliation: CJF 94-11 INSERM Cytokines et Immunité Antitumorale, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Shatrov
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Boelaert
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chouaib
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dröge
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lehmann
mesh_terms: D015536:Down-Regulation; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D015696:Gene Products, tat; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide