title: Hedgehog signaling regulates transcription through cubitus interruptus, a sequence-specific DNA binding protein.
abstract: Hedgehog (Hh) is a member of a family of secreted proteins that direct patterning at multiple stages in both Drosophila and vertebrate development. During Drosophila embryogenesis, Hh protein is secreted by the cells of the posterior compartment of each segment. hh activates transcription of wingless (wg), gooseberry (gsb), and patched (ptc) in the cells immediately adjacent to Hh-secreting cells. Hh signaling is thought to involve the segment polarity gene cubitus interruptus (ci). ci encodes a zinc finger protein of the Gli family of sequence-specific DNA binding proteins. ci mRNA is expressed in all non-Hh expressing cells. Here we demonstrate ci activity is both necessary and sufficient to drive expression of Hh-responsive genes in the Drosophila embryos. We show that Ci is a sequence-specific DNA binding protein that drives transcription from the wg promoter in transiently transfected cells. We demonstrate that Ci binding sites in the wg promoter are necessary for this transcriptional activation. These data taken together provide strong evidence that Ci is a transcriptional effector of Hh signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Von Ohlen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lessing
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nusse
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hooper
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004330:Drosophila / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008156:Luciferases; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C092937:ci protein, Drosophila; C077245:hh protein, Drosophila; D008156:Luciferases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase