title: Cholecystectomy under regional anesthesia in a patient with total Kartagener's syndrome.
abstract: A 41-year-old woman with complete Kartagener's syndrome developed cholecystitis in a left-sided gall bladder. Bilateral diffuse bronchiectasis ruled her unfit for general anesthesia; chronic cough, copious expectoration and dyspnea prevented her from lying down supine for more than a few minutes. Successful cholecystectomy was performed in a semi-reclined position using thoracic epidural anesthesia, the anatomy being the mirror image of that of a gall bladder in normal position. The gall bladder was full of stones and operative cholangiogram revealed a normal but transposed biliary system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dhanoa
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Afzal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verghese
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacob
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007619:Kartagener Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D011187:Posture