title: [A pilot study of mass screening program for prostatic cancer by means of prostate specific antigen (PSA) filter paper method].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mass screening program for prostatic cancer (PC) using prostate specific antigen (PSA) filter paper method was performed in an urban area of Kyoto in 1995.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the primary study, males more than the age of 55 years were examined by PSA (Delfia PSA kit) with blood samples on a filter paper. The cut-off values were set at 4 and 10 ng/ ml. Subjects whose PSA level ranged from 4.1 to 10.0 ng/ml (gray zone) were examined by digital rectal examination (DRE), transrectal sonography (TRS) and PSA density (PSAD; more than 0.15) in the secondary study, then the suspected subjects of PC underwent 6 sextant biopsies under interventional ultrasound. Subjects whose PSA level were more than 10.1 ng/ml were biopsied directly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 3,749 males who took the annual health checkup system organized by the government, 2,387 males wished to submit this screening. Among them, 2,217 (92.9%) showed a negative PSA, 107 belonged to the gray zone and 43 had a PSA more than 10.1 ng/ml. Of these, 102 subjects underwent biopsy. PC was finally detected in 28 (1.2%). The positive predictive value for positive PSA and gray zone PSA was 46.3% and 8.4%, respectively. In the detected cancers, 17 cases (60.7%) belonged to Stage B, 5 (17.9%) to Stage C and 6 (21.4%) to Stage D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that this system of mass screening program for PC combined with the annual health checkup was suitable for the future "national-level" screening.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005374:Filtration; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen