title: Effects of the cholecystokinin agonist pentagastrin in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The anxiogenic and panicogenic effects of peripheral administration of the cholecystokinin-B receptor agonist pentagastrin and placebo were evaluated in patients with generalized anxiety disorder and normal comparison subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven patients with generalized anxiety disorder and seven age- and sex-matched normal subjects received an intravenous bolus of placebo and pentagastrin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Panic attacks occurred in five patients with generalized anxiety disorder (71%) and in one normal subject (14%). Patients with generalized anxiety disorder were more likely to report more nonpanic anxiety than were normal subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with generalized anxiety disorder appear to exhibit greater subjective sensitivity to pentagastrin than do normal subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-0742, USA.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Brawman-Mintzer
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lydiard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bradwejn
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Villarreal
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Knapp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Emmanuel
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ware
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ballenger
mesh_terms: D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D010418:Pentagastrin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010919:Placebos
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D010418:Pentagastrin