title: A phase II study of VM-26 plus lonidamine in pretreated small cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  SCLC relapsing or refractory after induction chemotherapy is a chemoresistant tumor. The outcome of salvage chemotherapy is poor, with low response rates (< 30%) and short survival times (3-4 months). The development of drug resistance is considered the major cause of failure of treatment. VM-26 is one of the most active drugs in SCLC. Lonidamine has shown to enhance in both vivo and vitro antitumor activity of several cytotoxic drugs acting on drug resistance mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  VM-26 and lonidamine were employed as salvage chemotherapy in 30 small cell lung cancer patients. The doses of chemotherapy used were: VM-26 100 mg/m2, i.v., days 1 to 3; lonidamine 600 mg, p.o., days 1 to 5, recycled every 3 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed 13.3% of objective response and a median survival of 4 months. All the responses were obtained in patients relapsing after a response to induction chemotherapy. Toxicity was moderate with no toxic death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that Lonidamine failed to increase the VM-26 activity in pretreated small cell lung cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Oncologia Medica B, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gridelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Marinis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tucci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Aprile
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cioffi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cortesi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Migliorino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pisano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scognamiglio
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Giacomo
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bianco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007191:Indazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013713:Teniposide / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D007191:Indazoles; D013713:Teniposide; C016371:lonidamine