title: Theoretical and experimental evaluation of phase-dispersion effects caused by brain motion in diffusion and perfusion MR imaging.
abstract: We investigated intravoxel phase dispersion caused by pulsatile brain motion in diffusion spin-echo pulse sequences. Mathematical models were used to describe the spatial and temporal velocity distributions of human brain motion. The spatial distribution of brain-tissue velocity introduces a phase spread over one voxel, leading to signal loss. This signal loss was estimated theoretically, and effects on observed diffusion coefficient and perfused capillary fraction were assessed. When parameters from a diffusion pulse sequence without motion compensation were used, and ECG triggering with inappropriate delay times was assumed, the maximal signal loss caused by brain-motion-induced phase dispersion was predicted to be 21%. This corresponds to a 95% overestimation of the diffusion coefficient, and the perfusion-fraction error was small. Corresponding calculations for motion-compensated pulse sequences predicted a 1% to 1.5% signal loss due to undesired phase dispersion, whereas experimental results indicated a signal loss related to brain motion of 4%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation, Lund University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wirestam
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Greitz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brockstedt
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stahlberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009068:Movement; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted