Comparative serum bactericidal activities of ceftizoxime and cefotaxime against intermediately penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.
In a randomized crossover study involving 12 healthy volunteers, 1 g of ceftizoxime or cefotaxime was administered intravenously every 12 h for a total of three doses on two separate weekends. The duration of serum bactericidal titers (SBTs) greater than 1:2 and the time serum drug concentrations remained above the MIC (T > MIC) were determined against three clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae with intermediate resistance to penicillin. The duration of SBTs and T > MIC for both antimicrobial agents exceeded 50% of the dosing interval for all isolates. Ceftizoxime's T > MIC was statistically greater than that of cefotaxime, indicating that its longer half-life in serum (1.7 h) compared with that of cefotaxime (approximately 1 h) compensates for its slightly lower microbiologic activity against the penicillin-resistant pneumococci tested in this study.
Patel
K B
KB
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York 11201, USA.
Nicolau
D P
DP
Nightingale
C H
CH
Quintiliani
R
R
D000328:Adult; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015296:Ceftizoxime / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D015610:Serum Bactericidal Test; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects*
D002511:Cephalosporins; D015296:Ceftizoxime; D002439:Cefotaxime