title: A prospective, randomized study of open vs laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. An assessment of postoperative pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare postoperative pain after laparoscopic hernia repair and conventional open hernia repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Veterans Affairs Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two patients scheduled for elective inguinal hernia repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized in the operating room to have a laparoscopic hernia repair (30 patients) or a conventional open hernia repair (32 patients). All operations were performed while the patient was under general anesthesia to avoid anesthesia as a confounding variable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postoperative pain following laparoscopic hernia repair and open hernia repair were compared using the McGill Pain Score, the McGill Visual Analogue Pain Scale score, and the number of acetaminophen with 30-mg codeine sulfate (Tylenol 3) tablets needed for pain during the first and second 24-hour periods postoperatively. All of the patients were interviewed and the postoperative pain was evaluated by a special study nurse (P.M.L.) who was blinded to the repair technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 24 hours, the patients with laparoscopic hernia repair had 26% less pain by the McGill Pain Score (P = .02) and 31% less pain by the McGill Visual Analogue Scale (P = .006) than those who underwent an open hernia repair. At 48 hours the patients who underwent laparoscopic hernia repair had 28% less pain by the McGill Pain Score (P = .03), 42% less pain by the McGill Visual Analogue Scale (P = .002), and used 42% fewer analgesic tablets (P = .004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with a laparoscopic hernia repair had significantly less pain postoperatively than those with standard open hernia repairs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Allen Park, Mich, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kozol
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kosir
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Beleski
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tennenberg
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kubinec
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies