title: Endothelin-1 is a mediator of intimal hyperplasia in organ culture of human saphenous vein.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a powerful vasoconstrictor and a potent mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells. Excessive smooth muscle cell proliferation is a feature of intimal hyperplasia, the pathological lesion of vein graft stenosis. This study investigates the role of ET-1 in isolated human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells and also in an organ culture of the human saphenous vein.
  
  
  METHODS
  Growth-arrested human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells were stimulated with ET-1 and proliferation quantified by [3H]thymidine uptake in these cells compared with unstimulated control cells. Organ cultures of the human saphenous vein were established with endothelium intact, with endothelium denuded, and with endothelium denuded and the culture medium supplemented with ET-1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ET-1 stimulated DNA synthesis in isolated smooth muscle cells in a dose-dependent manner with half-maximal stimulation at 1 nmol/l. Addition of ET-1 to denuded vein caused a significant increase in median (range) neointimal thickness, from 4 (0-19) to 20 (4-30) microns (P < 0.05). In veins cultured with ET-1 a parallel increase in median (range) neointimal proliferation index, from 21 (0-31) to 33 (23-46) per cent (P < 0.05), was also observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that ET-1 is a mediator of intimal hyperplasia in human saphenous vein in vitro. Endothelin receptor antagonists may therefore be of therapeutic value in the modulation of vein graft intimal hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Masood
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: London
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1