title: Nitric oxide (NO) production correlates with renal insufficiency and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in severe sepsis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the production of nitric oxide (NO) relates to the development of renal insufficiency and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in patients with severe sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study in 23 patients with severe sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical and surgical intensive care units (ICU) of three hospitals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum nitrate levels, as an indirect parameter of the production of NO in vivo, and scores for renal insufficiency and MODS were determined in patients with severe sepsis during a 1-week period after admission to the ICU. The highest serum nitrate levels were found at 4 h (mean 52 +/- 16 mumol/l) after entry into the study and the levels gradually declined thereafter. Patients with renal insufficiency had considerably higher serum nitrate levels during the study period that patients who did not develop renal sufficiency (MANOVA, p < 0.05). Serum nitrate levels correlated with scores for renal insufficiency (r = 0.60, p < 0.001), and far exceeded the levels that can be explained solely by reduced renal clearance of nitrate. Further analysis showed that serum nitrate levels significantly and positively correlated with scores for MODS (r = 0.44, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that the production of NO correlates with renal insufficiency and MODS in patients with severe sepsis and that this reactive nitrogen intermediate could be involved in the pathogenesis of organ failure in these critically ill patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Groeneveld
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kwappenberg
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Langermans
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Nibbering
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Curtis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009566:Nitrates; D009569:Nitric Oxide