title: Modulation of specific active immunization against murine melanoma using recombinant cytokines.
abstract: Specific active immunization with tumour cells and IL-1beta or IL-2 was examined in a murine model. Mice were treated with irradiated B16 melanoma, IL-1beta or IL-2 only, or with B16 plus cytokines prior to i.v. challenge with viable B16. Lung metastases were recorded after 28 days. Treatment with cytokine alone was not protective. Treatment with B16 alone afforded moderate protection. Treatment with B16 in combination with either cytokine resulted in a significant level of B16 specific protection which was dependent on the dose of cytokine used. Multiple immunizations with B16 provided limited protection which was significantly improved with IL-2. Immunization with B16 in combination with both cytokines at doses that alone failed to enhance immunity resulted in significant protection, suggesting that the two cytokines act at least additively. These studies demonstrate the significant benefit of specific active immunization with tumour cells in combination with low doses of IL-1beta or IL2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Centre, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Stidham
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vervaert
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Abdel-Wahab
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Seigler
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Darrow
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2