title: Bastadins relate ryanodine-sensitive and -insensitive Ca2+ efflux pathways in skeletal SR and BC3H1 cells.
abstract: Bastadins potently interact with the FK-506-binding protein of 12 kDa (FKBP12)-ryanodine receptor (Ry1R) complex in skeletal muscle to enhance a high-affinity ryanodine binding conformation (M. M. Mack, T. F. Molinski, E. D. Buck, and I. N. Pessah. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 23236-23249, 1994). Bastadins are used to examine the relationship between ryanodine-sensitive and ryanodine-insensitive Ca2+ efflux pathways that coexist in junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles from rabbit skeletal muscle and differentiated BC3H1 cells. Complete block of caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ channels with micromolar ryanodine or ruthenium red does not alter the steady-state loading capacity of SR. Inhibition of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) pumps with thapsigargin unmasks a ryanodine- and ruthenium red-insensitive Ca2+ efflux pathway. Bastadin 5 alone does not inhibit Ca2+ efflux unmasked by inhibition of SERCA pumps, but, in combination with blocking concentrations of ryanodine or ruthenium red, it eliminates the ryanodine-insensitive Ca2+ "leak" and enhances steady-state loading capacity of SR vesicles approximately 2.5-fold. These actions of bastadins occur in the same concentration range that enhances the number of high-affinity binding sites for [3H]ryanodine (50% effective concentration of approximately 2 microM). Similar effects on SR Ca2+ transport are found with FK-506 and ryanodine in combination. Block of Ry1R in intact BC3H1 cells with ryanodine does not eliminate the prominent Ca2+ leak unmasked by thapsigargin. A membrane-permeant mixture of bastadins in combination with ryanodine nearly eliminates the Ca2+ leak unmasked by thapsigargin, even though the Ca2+ stores are replete. The requirement of both a known Ry1R blocker and bastadins in combination provides a pharmacological link between ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ channels and ryanodine-insensitive leak pathways in isolated junctional SR and BC3H1 cells. Together, these results strongly suggest that bastadins, through their modulatory actions on the FKBP12-Ry1R complex, convert ryanodine-insensitive leak states into ryanodine-sensitive channels that recognize [3H]ryanodine with high affinity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
authors.forename: I N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Pessah
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Molinski
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Meloy
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Mohr
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mack
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006706:Homeostasis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D004338:Drug Combinations; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; D012433:Ryanodine; D019284:Thapsigargin; C105188:bastadin 5; D002118:Calcium