title: Fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin in newborn infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin is used as a marker for intestinal protein loss reflecting increased intestinal permeability. Exact data of fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin in newborn infants are not available.
  
  
  METHODS
  30 healthy mature neonates and three infants with impaired gastrointestinal passage due to stenoses and atresia respectively, were investigated during the first days of life. The amniotic fluid of 13 and the serum of 17 infants was available. alpha 1-antitrypsin was determined using the radial immunodiffusion method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Normal newborns showed mean fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin levels (+/-SD) of 2061 +/- 817 mg/dl (day 1), 1186 +/- 720 mg/dl (day 2), 308 +/- 380 (day 3), 35 +/- 27 (day 5), and 27 +/- 21 mg/dl (day 6). Two infants with esophageal atresia presented a much lower pattern, and one with annular pancreas had a fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin pattern comparable with that of normal babies. Serum alpha 1-antitrypsin was normal (275 +/- 52 mg/dl), and amniotic fluid contained 20 +/- 12 mg/dl alpha 1-antitrypsin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of neonatal fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin content appears to reflect the meconium clearance of the gut rather than intestinal permeability and "gut closure." We hypothesize that the origin of increased fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin is the result of accumulated secretions from bile, the pancreas, and the duodenum, but alpha 1-antitrypsin originating from swallowed amniotic fluid during pregnancy may play an additional role.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of the University of Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Knobel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ewe
mesh_terms: D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D004933:Esophageal Atresia / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008470:Meconium / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000002:abnormalities; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin