[Treatment of myeloma: role of intensive treatments].
Since the introduction of melphalan, little progress has be obtained in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Complete remission is rarely achieved with classical single-drug or combined chemotherapy protocols: median survival remains low at 2 to 3 years. A NEW APPROACH: High-dose melphalan therapy with hemopoietic stem cell support it a new approach providing promising results. There is a dose effect and 70 to 80% of naive patients, at the cost of severe prolonged aplasia, respond to high-dose melphalan. HEMATOPOIETIC SUPPORT: Allogeneic or autologous bone marrow or blood stem cell grafts are used. Peripheral blood autographs can be used in most patients; contamination with tumoural cells is generally lower. The period of aplasia after chemotherapy and hematopoietic autograft is relatively short. MAIN INDICATIONS: For most authors, high-dose melphalan should be reserved for younger patients with active myeloma: complete remission is achieved in 20 to 30% of cases although relapse still occurs. Other techniques under study (several sequences of high-dose sessions, reduction of graft contamination) should help improve results.
Fermand
J P
JP
Service d'Immuno-Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris.
Ravaud
P
P
D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008558:Melphalan / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000628:therapy*
D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D008558:Melphalan