title: Prune-belly syndrome and other anomalies in a stillborn fetus with a ring X chromosome lacking XIST.
abstract: Ring X chromosomes that lack the X inactivation center and fail to be inactivated have been implicated as a cause of mental retardation and multiple congenital anomalies. We report on a stillborn fetus with karyotype mos45,X/46,X,r(X) and early urethral obstruction or prune-belly sequence, single umbilical artery, limb deficiency, horseshoe kidney, cardiac hypertrophy, persistent left superior vena cava, and axial skeleton abnormalities. Fluorescent in situ hydridization (FISH) studies confirmed that the ring chromosome is X-derived and demonstrated that it lacks the XIST locus. The findings in this fetus are discussed with regard to the spectrum of phenotypes associated with monosomy X and small ring X chromosomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-8591, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Guillén
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lowichik
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zinn
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007621:Karyotyping; D011535:Prune Belly Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D012303:Ring Chromosomes; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D014960:X Chromosome
chemical_list: D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D014157:Transcription Factors; C077885:XIST non-coding RNA