title: Cytologic nuclear grading of fine needle cytopunctures of breast carcinoma. Comparison with histologic nuclear grading and image cytometric data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate nuclear grading on fine needle cytopunctures of breast carcinoma, which is of special interest when neoadjuvant chemotherapy is planned.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study, we compared cytologic grading, based on nuclear parameters (pleomorphism and mitosis), to modified Scarff-Bloom-Richardson histologic grading in 105 primary operable breast carcinomas. The results of these two nuclear grading systems were compared to Feulgen image analysis data from the corresponding cytologic samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concordance rate between the two grading systems was 76%. Concordance between cytologic and histologic grading was observed more frequently in purely invasive carcinomas (85%) than in cases combining invasive and in situ components (56%). A highly significant relationship was observed between the two grading systems and indices of proliferative activity (S-phase fraction, proliferation index, 5c exceeding rate and endoreduplication rate), particularly in concordant grading. Furthermore, nuclear area correlated with the results of the two grading systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytologic nuclear grading appeared to be a reliable tool for a large proportion of breast tumors. Despite difficulties related to tumor heterogeneity, which could be detected by careful cytologic examination, it is a useful alternative to histologic grading.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Centre René Huguenin de Lutte contre le Cancer, Saint-Cloud, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Briffod
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Le Doussal
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Spyratos
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D011003:Ploidies; D011379:Prognosis; D016196:S Phase
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm