title: The OP 100 Digipan: evaluation of the image layer, magnification factors, and dosimetry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to describe the Orthopantomograph OP 100 Digipan modification and to determine the image-layer and dosimetric characteristics of this system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Image-layer contours for the Digipan were determined at resolution limits of 4.0, 3.0, and 1.5 line pairs (Ip) mm(-1) using a resolution grid positioned at intervals along the beam projection paths. A hexagonal test device was placed above the grid to determine the magnification factors at the selected resolution limits. For dosimetry, a 30 mm2 ionization chamber was placed at the beam entry points while imaging the molar, premolar, and anterior teeth using both the Digipan and conventional film receptors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maximum resolution exceeded 4.0 Ip mm(-1)in the center of the image layer. Using a 1.5 Ip mm(-1) resolution limit, the focal trough width was 14 mm at 0-degree horizontal angulation, 20 mm at 37 degrees, and 36 mm at 83 degrees. At 1.5 Ip mm(-1), the horizontal magnification was -21% facial and +42% lingual to the center of the image layer in the incisor region; -25% facial and +19% lingual to the center of the image layer at a horizontal angulation of 83 degrees. At 4.0 Ip mm(-1), horizontal magnifications in the incisor region were -2.0% facially and +0.5% lingually; at 83 degrees they were -3.9% facially and +1.1% lingually. The neck entrance dose for imaging the anterior and premolar regions averaged 89.5 (+/-5.6) microGy. The cheek entrance doses for imaging the molar region averaged 220.6 (+/-8.0)microGy with the Digipan. With film the average entrance doses were 297.9 (+/-8.6) microGy (anterior and premolar regions) and 682.1 (+/-16.9) microGy (molar region).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Digipan image layer is similar, but slightly narrower than that previously reported for the Orthopantomograph OP 100 using standard film-screen combinations. The resolution at the center of the image layer exceeded 4.0 Ip mm(-1). The Digipan produced images with an entry dose savings of approximately 70% when compared with photo-timed exposures using conventional film with the Orthopantomograph OP 100.
authors.affiliation: University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Farman
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Farman
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D011858:Radiographic Magnification; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011874:Radiometry