title: Coronary vasoconstrictive effects of neuropeptide Y and their modulation by the ATP-sensitive potassium channel in anesthetized dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the coronary vasoconstrictive action of endogenous neuropeptide Y (NPY) during sympathetic nerve stimulation and its modulation by the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel in vivo.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Exogenous NPY was characterized by its potent vasoconstrictive effect. However, endogenous NPY has failed to show any vasoconstrictive activity in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 70 anesthetized dogs with vagotomy under beta-adrenergic blockade. Ansae subclaviae stimulation and intracoronary administration of the neurotransmitters (NPY and norepinephrine) were done with or without alpha-adrenergic blockade, NPY antagonist BIBP3226 or KATP channel acting agents. We measured coronary vascular resistance (CVR) and the neurotransmitter levels in systemic arteries and the great cardiac vein, and the amount of overflow (venoarterial difference times myocardial blood flow).
  
  
  RESULTS
  During nerve stimulation, NPY levels correlated significantly with CVR at the highest r value (r = 0.850, p < 0.0001) obtained for the venous level under alpha-blockade, but norepinephrine showed no correlation. Treatment with BIBP3226 abolished the correlation between NPY level and CVR under alpha-blockade. Without alpha-blockade, norepinephrine levels correlated significantly with CVR; however, NPY showed no correlation. The amount of NPY overflow during the stimulation was nearly 1,000-fold lower than norepinephrine overflow. Exogenous NPY had a 100-fold more potent coronary vasoconstrictive action than that of norepinephrine. The KATP channel antagonist glibenclamide enhanced vasoconstriction of NPY, and the agonist pinacidil suppressed it with a predominant effect in the subepicardial region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During sympathetic nerve stimulation, the vasoconstrictive actions of NPY are masked by norepinephrine under intact alpha-adrenoceptor conditions, manifest during alpha-blockade and modulated by KATP channel activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chujo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamakawa
authors.forename: M U
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shinozaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tobita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017476:Receptors, Neuropeptide Y / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; C092926:BIBP 3226; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D015221:Potassium Channels; D017476:Receptors, Neuropeptide Y; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D001120:Arginine; D009638:Norepinephrine