title: Increased interleukin-1 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels in cervical mucus in the ovulatory phase in comparison with the follicular phase.
abstract: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) levels in the cervical mucus of women in the ovulatory phase are significantly higher than those in the follicular phase. IL-1 titers of women in the ovulatory phase are also significantly higher than those in the follicular phase. A positive correlation between IL-1ra and IL-1 levels in the cervical mucus was observed. Immunohistochemistry using an anti-IL-1ra monoclonal antibody revealed positive staining in the epithelial cells of the endocervix. These results suggest that IL-1ra from cervical epithelial cells protects the reproductive system from the toxicity of IL-1 produced in the endocervix.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda-Miki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimoya
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nobunaga
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokugawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saji
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002582:Cervix Mucus / Q000378:metabolism*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000737:chemistry; D004848:Epithelium / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005498:Follicular Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010060:Ovulation / Q000502:physiology*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins