title: Post-cholecystectomy external biliary fistula.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  External biliary fistula (EBF) following bile duct injury is a serious complication of cholecystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1989 to December 1994, 37 patients with post-cholecystectomy external biliary fistula were seen at this centre. There were 14 partial, 22 complete and one sub-vesical duct of Luschka injury. Sixteen patients had a controlled EBF at presentation; 10 patients had intra-abdominal collections and seven patients presented with peritonitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A staged approach to the management of these patients was adopted in which the initial management aimed at creating a 'controlled' fistula. This approach comprised conservative treatment (n = 9), percutaneous catheter drainage of intra-abdominal collections (n = 10), biliary drainage (n = 6), and surgical intervention (n = 7). One patient died because of progressive liver failure in spite of intensive management. Definitive management comprised the surgical repair of biliary strictures wherever indicated, after waiting for the acute problems to settle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By adopting a staged approach along with a judicious use of endoscopy, radiology and surgery that were based on clinical circumstances, it was possible to achieve satisfactory results for this otherwise distressing condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Kacker
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sikora
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Kaushik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000293:injuries*; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic; D001658:Biliary Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002758:Cholangiography; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000209:etiology