Statistical power and design of focused clustering studies.
Focused clustering studies investigate raised incidence of disease in the vicinity of prespecified putative sources of increased risk. The analytic power functions of three focused tests of disease clustering are defined and used to address two design issues related to focused cluster studies. The power functions provide sample sizes required to detect a given increase in relative risk and allow measurement of the effects of aggregating data when a fixed underlying cluster model is assumed. Results are illustrated on hypothetical data as well as leukaemia data from upstate New York.
Waller
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Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
D016000:Cluster Analysis; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007938:Leukemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D011156:Population Density; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards*; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors