title: A severity rating scale for body dysmorphic disorder: development, reliability, and validity of a modified version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale.
abstract: The authors developed the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS), a 12-item semistructured clinician-rated instrument designed to rate severity of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). The scale was administered to 125 subjects with BDD, and interviews with 15 subjects were rated by 3 other raters. Test-retest reliability was assessed in 30 subjects. Other scales were administered to assess convergent and discriminant validity, and sensitivity to change was evaluated in a study of fluvoxamine. Each item was frequently endorsed across a range of severity. Good interrater reliability, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency were obtained. BDD-YBOCS scores correlated with global severity scores but not with a measure of general psychopathology; they were modestly positively correlated with depression severity scores. Three factors accounted for 59.6 percent of the variance. The scale was sensitive to change in BDD severity. The BDD-YBOCS appears to be a reliable and valid measure of BDD severity and is a suitable outcome measure in treatment studies of BDD.
authors.affiliation: Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hollander
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Aronowitz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: DeCaria
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Goodman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001828:Body Image; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results