title: Excessive breast self-examination among first-degree relatives of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. High-Risk Breast Cancer Consortium.
abstract: First-degree relatives (FDRs) of women with breast cancer may have heightened anxiety about their personal risk for developing breast cancer. Breast self-examination (BSE) is an important component of risk surveillance for all women. In this study, the authors describe a subset of FDRs who appear to excessively (> or = once per day) perform BSE. These women, who constituted 8% of 1,053 FDRs in this study, were compared with women who did not examine excessively. The excessive self-examiners were older, more frequently African American, and less educated. They were more likely to have an affected daughter and > or = two FDRs with breast cancer. They were significantly more likely to think frequently about breast cancer and to report that such thoughts affected their mood. In a multivariate analysis, three variables had significant independent associations with excessive BSE practice: ethnicity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.3), perceived risk of breast cancer compared with women without a family history (OR = 2.9), and frequency of thoughts about breast cancer (OR = 5.5). The women who practice excessive BSE would benefit from enhanced educational efforts and screening for the presence of psychiatric problems such as anxiety and hypochondriasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Audrain
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stefanek
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rimer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lerman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016353:Self-Examination