title: Association between Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome and HLA-DR1 and -DR4 in Hispanic patients living in southern California.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome is associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B54, -DR4, -DR beta 1*0405, -DQ4, and -DR53 in Japanese patients. Disease-associated HLA specificities may differ among races. This study examined HLA associations with VKH syndrome in Hispanic patients living in southern California, a racial subgroup at increased risk for the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human leukocyte antigen specificities were determined on 25 Hispanic patients with VKH syndrome and compared with HLA specificities of 217 healthy Hispanic control subjects. Inclusion criteria for study patients were nontraumatic panuveitis with exudative retinal detachments, with or without extraocular manifestations. Tests were performed using standard cytotoxic assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HLA-DR4 was present in 14 (56%) patients with VKH syndrome and in 62(29%) control subjects (relative risk = 1.96). HLA-DR1 was present in 9 (36%) patients with VKH syndrome and in 19 (9%) control subjects (relative risk = 4.11). HLA-DR1 and DR4 share a common epitope within the DR beta 1 gene. HLA-DR1 and/or DR4 were present in 21 (84%) patients with VKH syndrome and in 76 (35%) control subjects (relative risk = 2.40).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HLA-DR1 and -DR4 were found in a significantly disproportionate number of Hispanic patients with VKH syndrome living in southern California. HLA-DR4, although not HLA-DR1, has been previously associated with VKH syndrome in other groups. These associations suggest a common immunogenic predisposition to VKH among different racial groups, and suggest that a common epitope shared by DR1 and DR4 may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
authors.affiliation: UCLA Ocular Inflammatory Disease Center, Jules Stein Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7003, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Weisz
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Roer
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Yuge
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Moorthy
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Terasaki
mesh_terms: D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D002489:Central America / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D015798:HLA-DR1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000208:ethnology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014607:Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome / Q000208:ethnology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015798:HLA-DR1 Antigen; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen