title: Presence of anti-pituitary antibodies and GAD antibodies in NIDDM and IDDM.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical significance of the presence of anti-pituitary antibodies (APAs) in patients with NIDDM or IDDM and to examine the relationship of APAs to GAD antibodies (GADAs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples were obtained from patients with NIDDM and IDDM. APAs, determined by Western blot analysis, and GADAs, determined by radioimmunoassay, were detected in the patients' sera and control sera. Urinary levels of C-peptide (U-CPR) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of APAs was significantly higher in patients with NIDDM (24.2%) or IDDM (56.8%) than in healthy control subjects (6%). In patients with NIDDM, the levels of U-CPR were significantly lower, and the prevalence of insulin deficiency was higher in APA+ patients than in APA- patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to demonstrate that the prevalence of APAs is increased in patients with NIDDM and IDDM. The presence of APAs may be related to reduced secretion of insulin in NIDDM patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000652:urine; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000276:immunology*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D002096:C-Peptide; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase