title: A case-matched molecular comparison of extraovarian versus primary ovarian adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extraovarian müllerian adenocarcinoma (EOM) resembles primary ovarian carcinoma (POC) both histologically and clinically, yet little is known regarding the molecular genetic characteristics of this entity. The objective of this study was to compare the expression of three molecular markers of tumor behavior in EOMs and POCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four patients meeting strict criteria for EOM were identified and matched to POC controls for age, stage, tumor histology and grade, cytoreductive surgery, and survival. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine overexpression of p53 and HER-2/neu. DNA content was evaluated by flow cytometry. Direct DNA sequencing of exons 5-8 of the p53 gene was performed in nine EOM tumors. Statistical comparisons were made using chi-square, Kaplan-Meier, and Mantel-Cox log rank methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overexpression of HER-2/neu was demonstrated in 59% (26 of 44) of the EOM group versus 36% overexpression (16 of 44) in the POC controls (P = 0.05). Overexpression of p53 was noted in 48% of the EOM cases, similar to the 59% incidence observed in the control group (P = 0.29). Missense mutations were found in 9 of 9 EOM tumors showing strong p53 nuclear immunostaining. No significant difference in the incidence of aneuploidy was observed when EOM cases were compared with POC controls (65% vs. 63%). High tumor grade was strongly associated with HER-2/neu overexpression in the EOM group (P = 0.002). None of the parameters studied were predictive of prognosis within the EOM and POC groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although overexpression of p53 protein, p53 gene mutations, and abnormal DNA content were similar between EOMs and POCs, EOMs demonstrated almost twice the rate of HER-2/neu overexpression. This result suggests that distinct genetic events may be responsible for malignant transformation in EOMs versus POCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Health Sciences Center, Magee-Womens Hospital, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Kanbour
authors.forename: F V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Finkelstein
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Christopherson
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Seski
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Naus
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Burnham
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanbour-Shakir
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D018262:Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000782:Aneuploidy; D018269:Carcinoma, Endometrioid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018283:Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009852:Omentum / Q000473:pathology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53