title: Serum MIP-1 alpha and IL-8 in septic patients.
abstract: We studied blood MIP-1 alpha and IL-8 in 38 septic patients and 5 healthy volunteers. Both chemokines were undetectable in the healthy volunteers. In sepsis, serum MIP-1 alpha was detected in 45% of the patients and Il-8 in 84%. The levels of MIP-1 alpha, but not of IL-8, correlated with CRP, IL-6 and TNF alpha levels. Complications, including various organ failures and mortality, showed no correlation with serum MIP-1 alpha levels. In contrast, we found increased levels of serum IL-8 in septic patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation, central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction or renal failure, and the mortality rate was higher in the IL-8 detectable group than in the IL-8 undetectable group (50% vs 0%, p < 0.05). In conclusion, the production of both MIP-1 alpha and IL-8 was increased and initially detectable levels of circulating IL-8 predicted high mortality in sepsis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the significance of the C-C chemokine MIP-1 alpha and the C-X-C chemokine IL-8 in sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical investigation, emergency department and general intensive care unit of university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  38 septic patients and 5 healthy volunteers were studied. Sepsis was diagnosed following the criteria formulated by ACCP/SCCM.
  
  
  METHODS
  10-20 ml of blood was drawn from each patient at the time of initial diagnosis of sepsis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MIP-1 alpha and IL-8 were determined by sandwich ELISA. Both chemokines were undetectable in the healthy volunteers. In sepsis, serum MIP-1 alpha was detected in 45% of the patients and IL-8 was detected in 84%. The levels of MIP-1 alpha, but not of IL-8, correlated with CRP, IL-6 and TNF alpha levels. Complications, including various organ failures and mortality, showed no correlation with serum MIP-1 alpha levels. In contrast, we found increased levels of serum IL-8 in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (p < 0.05), central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction (p < 0.05), renal failure (p < 0.01) and the mortality rates were higher in the IL-8 detectable group than in the IL-8 undetectable group (50% vs 0%, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The production of MIP-1 alpha and IL-8 was increased in sepsis. Furthermore, an initially detectable level of circulating IL-8, but not MIP-1 alpha, predicted a high mortality in sepsis diagnosed according to the ACCP/SCCM criteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujishima
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shinozawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takuma
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aikawa
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D004211:Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D016209:Interleukin-8; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins