Changes in metabolism of inorganic polyphosphate in rat tissues and human cells during development and apoptosis.
Age-dependent studies show that the amount of inorganic polyphosphate in rat brain strongly increases after birth. Maximal levels were found in 12-months old animals. Thereafter, the concentration of total polyphosphate decreases to about 50%. This decrease in the concentration of total polyphosphate is due to a decrease in the amount of insoluble, long-chain polyphosphates. The amount of soluble, long-chain polyphosphates does not change significantly in the course of ageing. In rat embryos and newborns, mainly soluble polyphosphates could be detected. In rat liver, the age-dependent changes are less pronounced. The changes in polyphosphate level are accompanied by changes in exopolyphosphatase activity, which degrades the polymers to orthophosphate; highest enzyme activities were found when the polyphosphate level was low. Induction of apoptosis in the human leukemic cell line HL-60 by actinomycin D results in degradation of long polyphosphate chains. The total polyphosphate content does not change significantly in apoptotic cells.
Lorenz
B
B
Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie, Universität, Mainz, Germany.
Münkner
J
J
Oliveira
M P
MP
Kuusksalu
A
A
Leitão
J M
JM
Müller
W E
WE
Schröder
H C
HC
D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis; D001921:Brain / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D011122:Polyphosphates