title: Cigarette smoking among patients with mental retardation and mental illness.
abstract: Among 136 adults with mental illness and mental retardation who were consecutively treated at a developmental disabilities clinic, 25 reported that they currently smoked cigarettes. Among those with mild and borderline retardation, smoking rates were 30 and 37 percent, respectively. Smokers were significantly more likely than nonsmokers to drink alcohol, use other drugs, and be sexually active. Multiple regression analysis found that a mild or borderline level of retardation and a diagnosis of schizophrenia were significant predictors of smoking. Mentally retarded persons with mental illness are at risk of tobacco-related disease and may benefit from prevention and smoking cessation interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hymowitz
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Jaffe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feuerman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009515:New Jersey / Q000453:epidemiology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology