title: A case of disseminated infection with Nocardia brasiliensis in a lung transplant recipient.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infection with Nocardia species is an increasingly recognized complication of solid organ transplantation. Nocardia asteroides accounts for most transplant-related nocardiosis, while Nocardia brasiliensis rarely causes infection in organ transplant recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a case of disseminated infection with N brasiliensis in a single-lung transplant recipient who also had concomitant infections with viral and fungal organisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the mortality rate is high in immunocompromised patients with disseminated Nocardia infection, our patient responded favorably to prolonged antimicrobial therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case illustrates that N brasiliensis, like N asteroides, produces pulmonary disease and dissemination in solid organ transplant recipients, and demonstrates the utility of prolonged treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in Nocardia infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kanj
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: V F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Tapson
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009617:Nocardia Infections; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole