title: Disorderly and nonstationary insulin secretion in relatives of patients with NIDDM.
abstract: To further explore the role of the beta-cell as a pathogenic factor behind non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), insulin secretion at modest hyperglycemia was examined in 15 healthy first-degree relatives of NIDDM patients and 13 anthropometrically and age-matched controls. The oral glucose tolerance test was normal in all, but the relatives had impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (P < 0.05). During a constant intravenous glucose infusion we performed a time-series analysis of serum insulin in samples obtained at 1-min intervals for 75 min (60-135 min). The recently introduced scale- and model-independent statistic approximate entropy (ApEn) and the coefficient of variation for a 6- (9 and 15) point moving average (MA) were applied to test regularity and stationarity, respectively, of insulin secretion. Both ApEn and 6-point MA were able to significantly discern the insulin time series of the two groups (P < 0.05), demonstrating a higher degree of irregularity and nonstationarity among the offspring. Moreover, when the two complementary sets of statistics were combined into a single "index of nonpulsatility," an even more notable distinction was available (P < 0.01). No relationship was found between altered insulin secretion and insulin resistance. In conclusion, this experimental and statistical model demonstrates that the stimulated insulin secretion of glucose-tolerant relatives of NIDDM patients is characterized by disorderliness. Whether the model can predict the risk for developing a clinically important beta-cell dysfunction remains to be clarified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine M (Endocrinology and Diabetes), University Hospital of Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pørksen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nyholm
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Skjaerbaek
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Veldhuis
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Pincus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D019277:Entropy; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose