title: Stromal fibroblasts are associated with collagen IV in scar tissues of alkali-burned and lacerated corneas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Corneal wound healing frequently leads to the formation of opaque scar tissue. We examined whether stromal fibroblastic cells of injured corneas express collagen IV and contributes to the formation of a basal lamina-like structure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbits were anesthetized, and central corneal alkali burn (8 mm in diameter; 1 M NaOH, 1 min) or laceration (8 mm long) were produced. The injured corneas, which had healed for 1, 7, 21 and 45 days, were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical studies with goat anti-collagen IV antibodies, using light and electron microscopy, and in situ hybridization with an antisense digoxigenin-labeled riboprobe of collagen alpha 1(IV) mRNA. For comparison, twenty-day-old fetal corneas were subjected to immunohistochemical study and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  TEM examinations revealed that the stromal collagenous matrix was organized in orthogonal lamellae during corneal development, whereas that of alkali-burned cornea, which had healed for 3 weeks, was disorganized. The stroma of twenty-day-old fetal cornea was not labeled by the anti-collagen IV antibodies. In contrast, one week after injury, specific collagen IV immunostaining was detected in the injured stroma. As the healing proceeded (21-45 days), the antibodies reacted with fibroblastic cells and the extracellular matrix of scar tissues located in the anterior portion of alkali-burned corneas, as well as the posterior portion of lacerated corneas. The middle portion of the stromal tissues was weakly labeled by the anti-collagen IV antibodies with the exception of the blood vessel wall. Immuno-electron microscopic study showed that collagen IV and fibronectin were closely associated with the fibroblastic cells. In situ hybridization demonstrated that epithelial and endothelial cells and fibroblastic cells in the wounded corneal stroma and retro-corneal membrane expressed alpha 1(IV) mRNA, whereas in normal corneas the expression of alpha 1(IV) mRNA was limited to epithelial and endothelial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The enhanced expression of collagen IV by the fibroblastic cells in the stroma of injured corneas is consistent with the notion that they may contribute to the formation of basal lamina-like structures in injured corneas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishizaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakamatsu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogro
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D003315:Cornea / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D065306:Corneal Injuries; D003319:Corneal Stroma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005126:Eye Burns / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007158:Immunologic Techniques; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011817:Rabbits; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D003094:Collagen