title: Surgical treatment of male dogs with urinary incontinence due to urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence.
abstract: A modified technique for fixation of the deferent ducts to the abdominal wall as a therapy for urinary incontinence caused by urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) in male dogs is described, and the results in seven dogs are reported. The goal of this treatment was to achieve an effect similar to colposuspension in female dogs with USMI. An increase in urethral length of an average of 28 mm was obtained (range, 5 to 50 mm, measured radiographically). Preoperatively, the neck of the bladder was located intrapelvically in five of seven dogs. Postoperatively, the neck of the bladder was located intra-abdominally, near the caudo-ventral abdominal wall, in all dogs. After a follow-up period of 12 to 49 months, the response to surgery, based on lack of or decrease of incontinence, was excellent in three dogs, good in another three, and poor in one dog.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty of Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: U T
authors.initials: UT
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hubler
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kupper
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*