title: The vitamin status of young British adults.
abstract: Using biochemical indices thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, folic acid, cyanocobalanin, carotene and biotin status were assessed in a sample of 243 young British adults. Using conventional definitions the number of individuals whose vitamin status can be described as adequate, marginal or deficient was determined. Vitamin status was related to alcohol intake and smoking. The status of ascorbic acid, cyanocobalamin, alpha-tocopherol, folic acid and in males retinol, was adequate in the majority of cases. In the cases of riboflavin and pyridoxine the status of a substantial minority was either borderline or deficient. The thiamin and biotin status of a minority of both sexes, and retinol in the females, was marginal. In males alcohol was associated with better retinol, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol and pyridoxine status and lower levels of biotin. Lower carotene values were associated with drinking alcohol. In both sexes those who smoked had lower ascorbic acid, folic acid and carotene values. In males smoking was additionally associated with lower riboflavin and biotin; in females cyanocobalamin and alpha-tocopherol were lower. As all the subjects were students volunteers, care should be taken in generalizing the data to other groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University College, Swansea, Wales, U.K.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fordy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000097:blood; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D001710:Biotin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011736:Pyridoxine / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000097:blood; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood; D013831:Thiamine / Q000097:blood; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D001710:Biotin; D005492:Folic Acid; D011736:Pyridoxine; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D012256:Riboflavin; D013831:Thiamine