title: Effects of dichlobenil on ultrastructural morphology and cell replication in the mouse olfactory mucosa.
abstract: The herbicide dichlobenil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile) is a tissue-specific inducing necrosis in the olfactory mucosa. Transmission electron microscopy showed vacuolations (1 hr) and necrosis (4 hr) in the Bowman's glands following intraperitoneal injection of dichlobenil (25 mg/kg) in C57B1 mice, whereas no lesions were noted in the olfactory neuroepithelium at these timepoints. Twenty-four hr following injection (25 mg/kg), most of the propria and the olfactory epithelium were severely damaged; the basal lamina, nerves, and blood vessels in the lamina propria, however, remained intact. Following a lower dose (12 mg/kg), the lesions were not as pronounced. The effects of dichlobenil (6, 12, and 25 mg/kg) on cell replication in the olfactory mucosa, as determined by incorporation of 3H-thymidine 3 days later, were more pronounced in the lamina propria than in the neuroepithelium and occurred at a lower dose in the lamina propria than in the neuroepithelium. Together these studies support the previous proposal that dichlobenil induces a primary damage in the Bowman's glands.
authors.affiliation: Section of Toxicology and Biomedical Sciences ENEA, CR, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mancuso
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giovanetti
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Brittebo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides / Q000633:toxicity*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009336:Necrosis; D009570:Nitriles; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D006540:Herbicides; D009570:Nitriles; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; C055869:dichlobanil