title: Elevated serum progesterone levels during pituitary suppression may signify adrenal hyperandrogenism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether elevated serum P levels after pituitary down-regulation signify adrenal enzyme defects or hyperandrogenism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Assisted reproduction unit in a university medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred twenty-seven IVF patients treated by the long down-regulation protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oral dexamethasone (DEX) administration if P level exceeded 0.8 ng/mL (conversion factor to SI unit, 3.180) after pituitary suppression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum concentrations of P, E2, LH, DHEAS, and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and ACTH stimulation tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In eight patients (3.5%), serum P levels exceeded 0.8 ng/mL and E2 and LH levels confirmed pituitary down-regulation. Mean DHEAS levels in the patients in this group were significantly higher than in the other patients. All eight patients demonstrated a significant decrease in serum P level after DEX administration. In five patients the ACTH stimulation test suggested an adrenal defect. Five pregnancies were achieved after the addition of DEX to the treatment protocol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High serum P levels after pituitary down-regulation appear to be of adrenal origin and may be the first indication of an adrenal enzyme defect. Further investigation such as an ACTH stimulation test is recommended, followed by treatment with DEX if indicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eldar-Geva
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Margalioth
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Algur
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zylber-Haran
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bar
authors.forename: Y Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Diamant
mesh_terms: D019326:17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone / Q000097:blood; D000307:Adrenal Gland Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D000328:Adult; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000097:blood; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D019326:17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone; D003907:Dexamethasone; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone