title: Successful engraftment after primary graft failure in aplastic anemia using G-CSF mobilized peripheral stem cell transfusions.
abstract: A 19-year-old male underwent allogeneic BMT for severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) from his HLA- and blood group-identical sister. He was conditioned with cyclophosphamide (CY) and single fraction total lymphoid irradiation (TLI). GVHD prophylaxis consisted of FK506 and a short course of methotrexate. The patient failed to achieve durable trilineage hematopoietic engraftment. There was no significant myeloid response to GM-CSF or G-CSF. Evaluation of FACS-sorted peripheral T cells from the patient by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed mixed chimerism (44% host origin). Fifty-three days after the first BMT, he was treated with G-CSF primed, unmanipulated PBSC transfusions (5.28 x 10(8)/kg mononuclear, 4.28 x 10(6)/kg CD34+, 292.51 x 10(6)/kg CD3+ cells) from his original donor without reconditioning. FK506 was continued at the same dose. Neutrophil recovery to 0.5 x 10(9)/l and platelet engraftment to 20 x 10(9)/l was achieved 11 and 27 days following the first dose of allogeneic PBSC transfusion, respectively. On day 23 a repeat FISH on the patient's sorted peripheral T lymphocytes revealed 91% donor origin T cells. The patient is currently well with a stable engraftment 6 months following allogeneic PBSC transfusion, with no signs of acute of chronic GVHD.
authors.affiliation: Emory University Bone Marrow Transplant and Leukemia Program, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Redei
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Waller
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Devine
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Wingard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000628:therapy*; D002469:Cell Separation; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006085:Graft Survival; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor