title: Coronal approach for rehabilitative orbital decompression in Graves' ophthalmopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effectiveness and safety of three wall orbital decompression by the coronal approach in Graves' ophthalmopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 125 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy, who had undergone three wall orbital decompression by coronal approach between April 1984 and October 1993, were studied retrospectively. Special attention was paid to proptosis reduction, changes in ocular motility, and complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The preoperative Hertel values ranged from 15 to 30 mm (mean 22.43 mm). The mean proptosis reduction was 4.34 mm (range 0-10 mm). Proptosis reduction in patients with preoperative Hertel values higher than 27 mm was significantly more than in patients with preoperative values between 25 and 27 mm (p < 0.05). This last group showed significantly more proptosis reduction than patients with preoperative Hertel values of 23 and 24 mm (p < 0.01). Postoperatively, 3.2% of the patients showed new diplopia in primary and/or reading position. In 4% of the patients with normal ocular motility preoperatively, diplopia in the extreme directions of gaze developed. In 4% of the patients, preoperative motility disturbances decreased or disappeared postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three wall orbital decompression by coronal approach is a safe and effective technique, to achieve proptosis reduction in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy, with fewer complications than other techniques thus far described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology (Orbital Centre), University of Amsterdam.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kalmann
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Mourits
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: van der Pol
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Koornneef
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005546:Forehead; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006987:Hypesthesia / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000209:etiology; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011312:Pressure; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies