title: Rapid inhalation induction in children: 8% sevoflurane compared with 5% halothane.
abstract: Sevoflurane has a lower blood-gas solubility and a less pungent odour than halothane; this may allow more rapid induction of anaesthesia. In a randomized, blinded study, we compared the induction characteristics of maximum initial inspired concentration of 8% sevoflurane and 5% halothane using conventional vaporizers in children aged 3 months to 3 years. There was no statistically significant difference in induction times between the two groups: mean times to loss of consciousness were 1 min 12 s (SD 18 s, range 40 s-1 min 44 s) for sevoflurane and 1 min 16 s (SD 17 s, range 50 s-1 min 52 s) for halothane, although these times were shorter than in previous studies using a gradual increase in vapour concentration. A small number of complications were noted in both groups, although none interfered with induction of anaesthesia. Struggling scores were lower in the sevoflurane group than in the halothane group (chi-square for trends = 6.34, P < 0.02). A significant number (11 of 15) of parents of children in the sevoflurane group who had previous experience of halothane induction preferred sevoflurane (chi-square for trends = 4.03, P < 0.05). We conclude that with this technique, induction was rapid with both sevoflurane and halothane. Our assessment of patient struggling and parents' perceptions suggests that induction with sevoflurane was more pleasant than with halothane.
authors.affiliation: Portex Department of Anaesthesia, Institute of Child Health, London.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Sigston
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sury
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mackersie
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hatch
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003243:Consciousness / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004987:Ethers; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D004987:Ethers; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D010100:Oxygen; D006221:Halothane