title: Glucagon-like peptide I and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide stimulate Ca2+-induced secretion in rat alpha-cells by a protein kinase A-mediated mechanism.
abstract: High-resolution capacitance measurements were used to explore the effects of the gut hormones GLP-I(7-36) amide [glucagon-like peptide I(7-36) amide] and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) on Ca2+-dependent exocytosis in glucagon-secreting rat pancreatic alpha-cells. Both peptides produced a greater than threefold potentiation of secretion evoked by voltage-clamp depolarizations, an effect that was associated with an approximately 35% increase of the Ca2+ current. The stimulatory actions of GLP-I(7-36) amide and GIP were mimicked by forskolin and antagonized by the protein kinase A (PKA)-inhibitor Rp-8-Br-cAMPS. The islet hormone somatostatin inhibited the stimulatory action of GLP-I(7-36) amide and GIP via a cyclic AMP-independent mechanism, whereas insulin had no effect on exocytosis. These data suggest that the alpha-cells are equipped with receptors for GLP-I and GIP and that these peptides, in addition to their well-established insulinotropic capacity, also stimulate glucagon secretion. We propose that the reported inhibitory action of GLP-I on glucagon secretion is accounted for by a paracrine mechanism (e.g., mediated by stimulated release of somatostatin that in turn suppresses exocytosis in the alpha-cell).
authors.affiliation: Department of Islet Cell Physiology, Kommunehospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Renström
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rorsman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buschard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gromada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000378:metabolism*; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C061970:glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36); D013004:Somatostatin; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D002118:Calcium