title: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: CT features with emphasis on differentiation from gallbladder carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the computed tomographic (CT) features of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) and to distinguish it from gallbladder carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis was performed in 11 patients with XGC and 17 patients with gallbladder carcinoma in which the wall was thickened. The following CT features were analyzed: maximum wall thickness, intramural hypoattenuated nodules, mucosal line, patterns of wall thickening and enhancement, and the presence of stones. The changes outside the gallbladder were also compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean thickness of the gallbladder wall was 1.8 cm in patients with XGC and 2.1 cm in patients with gallbladder carcinoma. Intramural hypoattenuated nodules were seen in all patients with XGC but in only seven patients with gallbladder carcinoma (P = .008). The mucosal line was observed in nine patients with XGC and in six with gallbladder carcinoma (P = .02). The gallbladder wall was more diffusely thickened in patients with XGC (10 of 11 patients) than in patients with gallbladder carcinoma (seven of 17 patients) (P = .01). The occurrence of changes outside the gallbladder did not differ statistically significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of a statistically significant overlap of CT features, only when intramural hypoattenuated nodules occupy a large area of the thickened gallbladder wall can the diagnosis of XGC be highly suggestive. The diagnosis of XGC at CT may indicate a less aggressive surgical approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Shinn
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Auh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002765:Cholecystography; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006099:Granuloma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014973:Xanthomatosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*