title: Reconsidering sore throats. Part 2: Alternative approach and practical office tool.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify a management approach for Group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis that would address overuse of antibiotics and could be implemented immediately.
  
  
  METHODS
  No randomized, controlled trials were found; four observational studies met our criteria: simplicity, discrimination ability for GAS pharyngitis compared with throat culture, and validation in a different patient population. Only one scoring system fulfilled all three criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Formal clinical scoring systems have the potential to improve family physicians' ability to identify and manage GAS pharyngitis. One system had been sufficiently validated to support its use in clinical practice. Four clinical characteristics (no cough, fever higher than 38 degrees C, exudate, and tender cervical nodes) linked to explicit management decisions form the basis for a sore throat score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of a clinical score for management of GAS pharyngitis can be recommended on the basis of the rarity of rheumatic fever in modern society, the resources devoted to management of upper respiratory tract illnesses, the volume of antibiotics prescribed, and the emergence of antibiotic resistance as a growing health issue.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, North York, Ont. w.mcisaac@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: McIsaac
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Slaughter
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Woolnough
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Weir
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ennet
mesh_terms: D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005194:Family Practice; D006801:Humans; D009819:Office Visits; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes