title: Psychophysiological and subjective effects of cigarettes having varying nicotine yields but relatively constant "tar' yields.
abstract: Thirty-two subjects were tested in five double-blind sessions-16 subjects in the morning (a.m.) following overnight smoking abstention, and 16 in the afternoon (p.m.) following ad lib smoking. In each session, subjects smoked 1 of 5 cigarettes having the following FTC nicotine/'tar' yields in mg: 0.08/8.5, 0.17/9.1, 0.37/9.8, 0.48/9.8, and 0.74/10.4. On a pre- to postsmoking basis, blood nicotine and heart rate increased with nicotine yield. The effect of nicotine yield on changes in self-rated anxiety was an inverted-U function, but this effect was possibly confounded by baseline differences. The following effects on EEG spectral-band magnitude were also obtained: (1) nicotine yields > or = 0.17 mg decreased delta; (2) nicotine yields of 0.37 and 0.48 mg decreased theta in a.m. subjects; (3) nicotine yields > or = 0.37 mg decreased alpha, the effect being greater in a.m. subjects; (4) no effect of yield on beta 1 was obtained; (5) nicotine yields of 0.48 and 0.74 mg increased the Cz-minus-T5 differential in beta 2. Pre- to postsmoking changes in this measure of beta 2 were not correlated with either blood nicotine or anxiety.
authors.affiliation: Psychophysiology Laboratory, Bowman Gray Technical Center 611-12, R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Winston-Salem, N.C. 27102, USA.
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Pritchard
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Guy
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Stiles
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012907:Smoking / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D013638:Tars / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013638:Tars; D009538:Nicotine