title: Ibopamine in glaucoma diagnostics: a new pharmacological provocative test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ibopamine is used when performing provocative tests, thanks to its pharmacological property of increasing ocular pressure in eyes with outflow system impairment. This study summarizes the latest results that we have achieved with reference to its clinical-diagnostic use.
  
  
  METHODS
  175 (250 eyes) POAG patients, 101 (190 eyes) glaucoma suspects with mild ocular hypertension, 39 (64 eyes) NTG patients and 163 (326 eyes) healthy volunteers underwent an ibopamine provocative test. Among the POAG and the glaucoma suspects, 49 (92 eyes) and 20 (38 eyes) patients were selected who, starting from the performing of ibopamine test, had at least one year of perimetric follow-up. These patients have been assessed for the perimetric defect progression in relation to the (negative or positive) response to ibopamine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the ibopamine test was positive for 92% of the glaucomatous patients, 61% of the glaucoma suspects, 52% of the NTG patients and 0% of the healthy volunteers. It was observed that 28% of the ibopamine-positive glaucoma suspects showed a perimetric deterioration during an average 2.5-year follow-up. No perimetric deterioration was found on ibopamine-negative glaucoma suspects (Fisher's exact test: p = 0.038). Among glaucomatous patients, 46% of the test-positive individuals showed a progressive trend of the perimetric defect, as against about 8% of glaucomatous test-negative patients (Fisher's exact test: p = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that the ibopamine provocative test can be usefully applied especially to epidemiological screening studies to identify patients who might develop ocular hypertension or glaucoma and in the follow-up of glaucoma suspects, to identify individuals who have a greater risk of developing perimetric defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ocular Physio-Pharmacology, Eye Clinic, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Gregorio
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pecori Giraldi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pannarale
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saccucci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Virno
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism; D003846:Deoxyepinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018450:Disease Progression; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014794:Visual Fields
chemical_list: D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C023487:ibopamine; D003846:Deoxyepinephrine