Type of dietary fiber, not fat, alters phospholipase D and ornithine decarboxylase activities in the rat large intestine.
We investigated the effect of dietary fatty acid composition (n-6 vs. n-3) and fiber (highly fermentable vs. less fermentable) on the activities of phospholipase D (PLD) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in the rat large intestine (cecum and proximal and distal colon). Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats (215-270 g) ate synthetic diets with 2% safflower oil plus 21.5% safflower or fish oil and 10% cellulose or guar gum for four weeks. Cecal bile acids and free fatty acids were higher in rats fed guar gum than in rats fed cellulose. Rats fed fish oil had more proximal colonic mucosal and cecal bile acids than those fed safflower oil. PLD activity was 23% lower in the proximal colon of rats fed guar gum than in those fed cellulose, but the mucosal weight was not different. ODC activity was lower but cecal mucosal wet weight was higher in the cecum of the rats fed guar gum than in the cecum of the rats fed cellulose. The activities of PLD and ODC are affected by dietary fiber and may not be accurate markers for tissue growth in the colonic mucosa.
Horvath
P J
PJ
Nutrition Program, State University of New York at Buffalo 14214, USA.
Shuhaiber
H H
HH
Fink
C S
CS
Awad
A B
AB
D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D002482:Cellulose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003106:Colon / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000201:enzymology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005685:Galactans / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000201:enzymology*; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009929:Organ Size; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism*; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000378:metabolism*; D053149:Plant Gums; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012450:Safflower Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage
D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005395:Fish Oils; D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D053149:Plant Gums; D012450:Safflower Oil; D002482:Cellulose; C007894:guar gum; D010739:Phospholipase D; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase