Cytogenetic analysis of 280 patients with multiple myeloma and related disorders: primary breakpoints and clinical correlations.
Cytogenetic analysis of unstimulated short-term bone marrow cell cultures was performed on 280 patients with multiple myeloma and related disorders. In 65% of the cases, an additional short term B-cell stimulated culture was also examined. Chromosomally abnormal clones were found in 31% of the patients, 15% in Waldenström macroglobulinemia. 25% in monoclonal gammopathies, 33% in multiple myeloma, and 50% in plasma cell leukemia. Three primary chromosomal breakpoints were recurrently involved: 14q32, 16q22, and 22q11. Structural rearrangements of chromosome 1 were the most frequent (26% of the abnormal cases), but always as a secondary change. Rearrangements of band 14q32 were found in 22% of the abnormal cases. Among the multiple myeloma patients who showed an abnormal karyotype, 33 (46%) were hyperdiploid, most frequently, with 52-56 chromosomes, 29 patients (40%) were pseudodiploid, and the remaining 12 cases (14%) were hypodiploid. A highly significant relation was observed between the presence of an abnormal karyotype and the following clinical parameters: stage III (P = 0.0001), bone marrow plasma cell infiltration greater than 30% (P = 0.0001), presence of bone lesions (P = 0.0009), and beta 2-microglobulin levels greater than 4 mg/L (P = 0.0001).
Calasanz
M J
MJ
Department of Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Cigudosa
J C
JC
Odero
M D
MD
Ferreira
C
C
Ardanaz
M T
MT
Fraile
A
A
Carrasco
J L
JL
Solé
F
F
Cuesta
B
B
Gullón
A
A
D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D002873:Chromosome Fragility; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D007952:Leukemia, Plasma Cell / Q000235:genetics; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000235:genetics*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D008258:Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia / Q000235:genetics