title: Both plasma- and leukocyte-associated C5a are essential for assessment of C5a generation in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Measurement of C5a in plasma is hampered by the rapid clearance of C5a as a result of cell binding. Therefore, an assessment of whether cell-bound C5a might better reflect C5a generation in vivo is essential.
  
  
  METHODS
  We quantified plasma and leukocyte-bound C5a in samples from patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass, which is known to be associated with complement activation. C3 activation products and the terminal complement complex were measured as well.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma levels of C3 activation products and the terminal complement complex increased rapidly and significantly after the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass until they reached a plateau after 30 minutes. The concentration of plasma C5a increased steadily to twice baseline at the end of bypass. The concentration of leukocyte-associated C5a increased threefold after 10 minutes of cardiopulmonary bypass, when a plateau was reached. A positive correlation was found between levels of plasma C3 activation products or terminal complement complex and plasma C5a plus cell-associated C5a but not between C3 activation products or terminal complement complex and either one of the C5a variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that both plasma C5a and leukocyte-associated C5a are needed for monitoring in vivo C5a generation.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Immunology and Rheumatology, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hetland
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Moen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bergh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Högäsen
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hack
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Mollnes
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fosse
mesh_terms: D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015936:Complement C5a / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015938:Complement Membrane Attack Complex / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D009504:Neutrophils
chemical_list: D003176:Complement C3; D015938:Complement Membrane Attack Complex; D015936:Complement C5a