title: Automated image analysis DNA cytometry to predict the pathological stage in clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Automated image analysis DNA cytometry was used to predict the pathological stage in clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumor patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Orchiectomy specimens of 74 patients (41 pathological stage I, 33 pathological stage II) were analyzed by modular image analysis computer, and several mathematical indices from the DNA histogram were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5c-exceeding rate (rate of hyperpentaploid nuclei) was found to be significantly higher in patients with pathological stage II disease as compared with patients without metastases (p = 0.0174). Tumor tissue from lymph node metastases showed even higher amounts of hyperpentaploid nuclei (p < 0.0005). In this study, all patients with a 5c-exceeding rate above 3.1% had metastatic disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single-cell cytophotometry was able to show significant differences in 5c-exceeding rates between patients with and without tumor metastases. Because of high standard deviations, however, it was not possible to use this parameter for correct staging in all patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Bonn University Medical Center, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Albers
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fichtner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fisch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stöckle
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D003592:Cytophotometry; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009919:Orchiectomy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm