title: Telomerase expression in human breast cancer with and without lymph node metastases.
abstract: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that synthesizes telomeric DNA onto the ends of chromosomes, thereby preventing the replication-dependent shortening of these ends. Telomerase activity is detected in a wide range of cancers of various tissues, and its expression may be a critical step in tumor progression. The telomeric repeat amplification protocol was used to compare telomerase activity in breast cancers with and without lymph node metastases, as well as in fibroadenomas and normal breast tissue. Expression of telomerase was detected in 22 (79%) of 28 primary breast cancers, which included 16 (73%) of 22 cancers positive and 6 (100%) of 6 cancers negative for axillary lymph node metastases. It was detected in 1 (11%) of 9 fibroadenomas but was negative in 13 normal breast tissues. There was no statistical difference in expression of telomerase between axillary node-negative primary breast cancers and similar tumors with nodal metastasis (P = .289). Further, no statistical association was found between telomerase activity and tumor size (P = .679) or hormonal status (P = .178). The difference in telomerase activity among breast cancers vs fibroadenomas and normal breast tissues, however, was statistically significant (P < .001). Although normal breast tissue does not express telomerase, both node-positive and node-negative breast cancers express telomerase. The possible significance of telomerase expression in fibroadenomas remains open to further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nawaz
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Hashizumi
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Markham
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Shroyer
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Shroyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001940:Breast / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology*; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology*; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D018226:Fibroadenoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019098:Telomerase / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D019098:Telomerase