[Prevention of opportunistic infections in HIV seropositive patients. Prevention of parasitic infections].
PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII PNEUMONIA: Below a threshold 200 CD4 cont, the risk of P. carinii infection is sufficiently high to propose systematic prophylaxis. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the treatment of choice for primary and secondary prevention. Pentamidine-isothionate can also be used, possibly with dapsone. TOXOPLASMOSIS: There is a consensus on primary prevention in patients with positive toxoplasmosis serology whose CD4 count is under 100. Trimethoprime-sulfamethoxazole is the first intention drug, but poor tolerance may require conversion to dapsone-pyrimethamine. For secondary prophylaxis, the consensus is for life-long treatment with low-doses after initiating treatment with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine. LEISHMANIASIS: Secondary prevention is reasonable using monthly infusions of pentamidine.
Casassus
P
P
Service de Médecine interne, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny.
Padrazzi
B
B
Lhote
F
F
Jarrousse
B
B
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D010272:Parasitic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control