title: Imaging of pediatric central nervous system HIV infection.
abstract: With the increasing incidence of pediatric HIV infection, distinct patterns of central nervous system involvement, different from those in adults, are being recognized. This article illustrates the spectrum of neuroimaging findings seen in HIV-infected children with central nervous system involvement. Case examples include HIV encephalitis, basal ganglia calcific vasculopathy, lymphoma, and cerebrovascular complications, such as arterial ectasia and arterial fibrosing sclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Children's Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: States
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rutstein
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D002648:Child; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D016483:Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed