title: The International Continence Society "Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia" Study: international differences in lower urinary tract symptoms and related bother.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the international differences in the reporting of lower urinary tract symptoms and related bother in patients with symptoms suggestive of bladder outlet obstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate international differences in the reporting of lower urinary tract symptoms and related bother in 1,271 patients from 12 countries who participated in the International Continence Society "benign prostatic hyperplasia" study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Country of origin was significantly associated with the prevalence of a large number of lower urinary tract symptoms (10 of 20), even after adjusting for potentially confounding variables, including physical and socio-demographic factors. Country of origin was also significantly associated with the reporting of bother but for a much smaller number of symptoms (2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In different countries lower urinary tract symptoms may be reported to different extents. Therefore, the results of studies in particular countries may not be generally applicable to other countries. It is likely that symptom scores will conceal this variation, necessitating consideration of individual symptoms (as in the International Continence Society "benign prostatic hyperplasia" study) or the development of country specific scoring systems. An alternative would be to focus on bother, which appeared to be much less sensitive to international differences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Witjes
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: de la Rosette
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Donovan
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Höfner
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kinn
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Walter
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012952:Societies; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000209:etiology*