title: Modeling the spread of resistant nosocomial pathogens in an intensive-care unit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To show the value of mathematical modeling in simulating the spread of nosocomial pathogens in an intensive-care unit (ICU), to provide a framework for listing available knowledge; to predict the benefits of various control measures; and to supplement the epidemiological assessment of these measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Simulated outbreak of a nosocomial pathogen in an ICU, based on a deterministic compartmental model describing both person-to-person spread and indirect spread between patients through staff members.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stimulation of three typical colonization control measures: effective handwashing compliance among staff members, ICU antimicrobial policy, and curtailing ICU admission of colonized patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In controlling colonization, effective handwashing compliance reduced staff member colonization, but only moderately limited patient colonization unless the ICU was isolated strictly by curtailing the admission of colonized patients. The impact of antibiotic policy was very slight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the field of nosocomial infection, mathematical modeling appears to be valuable tool that can be used to evaluate the magnitude of the expected effects of control strategies and to guide the selection of the best randomized clinical trials to pursue.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche Epidémiologie et Sciences de l'Information (INSERM U444), Paris, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sébille
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chevret
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Valleron
mesh_terms: D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008962:Models, Theoretical