title: Transgene-induced production of IL-4 alters the development and collagen expression of T helper cell 1-type pulmonary granulomas.
abstract: A number of complex mechanisms regulate the size and cellularity of an Ag-dependent granulomatous reaction and their accompanying cytokine production profiles. In the present study, Th1 (purified protein derivative (PPD)) and Th2 (schistosome egg Ag)-type granulomas were established to examine the role of IL-4 in lesion development and procollagen type III expression. PPD-sensitized mice were transfected via the airway with an adenovirus construct containing an IL-4 cDNA cassette, and the lungs were embolized with sized Ag-coated Sepharose beads. Granuloma development in response to the PPD bead challenge in control mice primarily consisted of mononuclear cells. In contrast, the overexpression of IL-4 in the IL-4 adenovirus-transfected animals demonstrated a significant increase in cellularity, size, procollagen type III expression, and accumulation of eosinophils. Analysis of mRNA and protein within the lung demonstrated significant expression of IL-4 in only the IL-4 adenovirus-transfected animals. The granuloma lesion size was significantly increased in the IL-4 adenovirus-transfected animals on days 2 and 5, reaching an approximate 50% increase compared with the control groups. Furthermore, procollagen type III mRNA expression was increased in the IL-4 adenovirus-transfected, PPD bead-embolized lungs. In contrast, when IL-4 was neutralized during Th2-type schistosome egg Ag bead granulomas, a decrease in procollagen type III was observed. These data indicate that the progression of certain granulomas may be regulated by the production of IL-4, thus altering the cellularity, size, and matrix composition of the inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Lukacs
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Addison
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gauldie
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Strieter
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Warmington
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chensue
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Kunkel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006099:Granuloma / Q000276:immunology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology; D011347:Procollagen / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012547:Schistosoma / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014373:Tuberculin / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D011347:Procollagen; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014373:Tuberculin; D015847:Interleukin-4