title: Physical complaints and emotional stress related to routine diagnostic procedures of the fertility investigation.
abstract: The aim of this study was to map out the extent of the physical complaints and emotional stress due to diagnostic routines of the infertility work-up. To this end a questionnaire was sent to 96 consecutive couples visiting an infertility clinic of a university hospital. The results indicate that women often have physical complaints as a result of the hysterosalpingography (59%) and the diagnostic laparoscopy (47%) and mostly experience these diagnostic procedures as very stressful. Both the postcoital test and the semen analysis caused a moderate amount of stress. The other diagnostic procedures, including physical examination of both sexes, recording of the basal temperature and taking blood for hormonal determinations, were accompanied by fewer complaints and much less stress. It is concluded that the role of the hysterosalpingography and the diagnostic laparoscopy in the routine infertility work-up needs to be reconsidered in view of the burden they pose to the women involved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Eimers
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Omtzigt
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Vogelzang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Ommen
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Habbema
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: te Velde
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D007246:Infertility / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires