title: Recording multifocal electroretinograms with fundus monitoring.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To record multifocal electroretinograms (ERGs) with simultaneous fundus monitoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  An infrared television fundus camera was used to monitor the fundus. A tightly packed array of 19 yellow light-emitting diodes (LEDs) was used as the stimulus source and LEDs were alternated between on and off according to a binary m-sequence at a rate of 75 Hz. The stimulus array subtended approximately 25 degrees of the visual angle. Multifocal ERGs were recorded with a Burian-Allen bipolar contact lens electrode from two normal subjects and a patient with macular dystrophy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When the center of the stimulus was positioned on the fovea, the amplitude of the response was largest at the fovea and decreased toward the peripheral retina; the response pattern corresponded to the spatial distribution of cone cells. When the center of the stimulus was positioned on the optic disc, the response at the optic disc was undetectable. A reliable multifocal ERG was obtained from a patient with macular dystrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This system made it possible to monitor the stimulus on the fundus and to adjust the stimulus to the correct retinal locations with exact focusing. The authors' findings indicate that this method especially can be useful in patients with poor fixation. In addition, the authors' results suggests that the stray light effect in the multifocal stimulus system is minimal if any.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanikawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000379:methods*; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology*; D014741:Video Recording