title: IL-10 is required to prevent immune hyperactivity during infection with Trypanosoma cruzi.
abstract: Previous studies have associated the production of IL-10 with suppression of the protective cell-mediated immune response to Trypanosoma cruzi. To further understand the role of IL-10 in the resistance to and pathogenesis of Chagas' disease, we infected C57BL/6 wild-type (IL-10 +/+) or C57BL/6 IL-10 knockout (IL-10 -/-) mice with the virulent Tulahuen strain of T. cruzi. IL-10 -/- mice had a lower parasite burden and higher levels of serum TNF-alpha, IL-12, and IFN-gamma compared with infected IL-10 +/+ mice. However, infection resulted in earlier mortality of IL-10 -/- mice compared with IL-10 +/+ controls. The earlier mortality of IL-10 -/- mice could be reversed by administering rIL-10 or a neutralizing Ab specific for IL-12. A role for T cells in the early mortality of IL-10 -/- mice was suggested by experiments in which SCID IL-10 -/- mice infected with T. cruzi had a delay in time to death and significantly lower serum levels of IFN-gamma compared with IL-10 -/- mice. Furthermore, treatment of infected IL-10 -/- mice with a mAb specific for CD4 resulted in reduced serum levels of IFN-gamma and a delay in time to death. Altogether, our results demonstrate for the first time that during infection with T. cruzi there is a critical requirement for IL-10 to prevent the development of a pathologic immune response associated with CD4+ T cells and overproduction of IL-12.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA. chunter@phl.vet.upenn.edu
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ellis-Neyes
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Slifer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanaly
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grünig
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fort
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rennick
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Araujo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000469:parasitology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016513:Mice, SCID; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12