title: Calcium polysulfide overdose: a report of two cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Calcium polysulfide or lime-sulfur solution is a common agricultural product used as a fungicide. Despite its easy availability, only two prior cases of intentional ingestion, both from Japan, have been reported in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two cases of calcium polysulfide ingestion are presented. In the first case severe acidosis, coma and cardiac arrest occurred. Despite aggressive supportive therapy, the patient expired. Autopsy examination revealed hemorrhagic necrosis of the gastric mucosa. The second patient also exhibited altered mental status and metabolic acidosis. He experienced liver dysfunction, rhabdomyolysis, renal dysfunction, and aspiration pneumonia. He had endoscopically proven esophageal and gastric mucosal burns which developed into esophageal strictures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calcium polysulfide ingestions cause direct caustic injury to the upper gastrointestinal tract, coma and severe metabolic acidosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento 95817, USA.
authors.forename: B Z
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marquardt
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Swenson
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D000328:Adult; D001344:Autopsy; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000506:poisoning*; D003128:Coma / Q000139:chemically induced; D062787:Drug Overdose; D005260:Female; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000506:poisoning*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000139:chemically induced; D013440:Sulfides / Q000506:poisoning*; D013885:Thiosulfates / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D013440:Sulfides; D013885:Thiosulfates; C033907:calcium sulfide