title: Charge properties of low density lipoprotein subclasses.
abstract: Measurements of electrophoretic mobility and particle size of low density lipoproteins (LDL) allowed use of standard electrokinetic theory to quantitate LDL charge characteristics from subjects with predominance of large LDL (pattern A, n = 9) or small LDL (pattern B, n = 8). Pattern A LDL was found to have significantly lower (P < or = 0.001) mobility (-0.22 +/- 0.01 micron s-1 cm V-1), surface potential (-4.2 +/- 0.3 mV) and charge density (-500 +/- 34 esu/cm2) than pattern B LDL (-0.25 +/- 0.01 micron s-1 cm V-1, -4.9 +/- 0.3 mV, and -580 +/- 30 esu/cm2), but no significant difference in particle valence (-22.0 +/- 1.4 for pattern A vs. -21.8 +/- 1.9 for pattern B). Thus, the greater mobility of pattern B LDL is due to similar net charge residing on a smaller particle. Comparison of subfractions in pattern B relative to pattern A LDL revealed greater surface potential in all pattern B subfractions and greater charge density in fractions of d > or = 1.032 g/ml. In a subset of subjects incubation with neuraminidase produced significant reductions in all LDL charge parameters for all subfractions, but did not abolish the differences between pattern A and B. Thus increased surface potential and charge density of unfractionated pattern B LDL is due both to charge properties of particles across the size and density spectrum as well as enrichment of pattern B LDL with smaller, denser particles that have higher surface charge density.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Nuclear Medicine, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: La Belle
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Blanche
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Krauss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D009439:Neuraminidase