The endo-facelift. Basics and options.
This article presents our approach to performing an endoscopically assisted facelift. The advantages of the subperiosteal dissection are discussed. The procedure is expoused considering different approaches and variations depending on each particular case. Surgical procedures for the forehead, cheeks, and neck are discussed separately. Each procedure considers key maneuvers to liberate and relocate the deep soft tissues; for example, the transpalpebral approach to the forehead, the transpalpebral approach to the centrofacial area, and the subperiosteal mandibular dissection. Indications, limitations, and some advice to avoid complications also were presented.
Del Campo
A F
AF
Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Hospital General Dr. M. Gea Gonzalez, SS, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
Lucchesi
R
R
Cedillo Ley
M P
MP
D002610:Cheek / Q000601:surgery; D004210:Dissection; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D009333:Neck / Q000601:surgery; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*