title: Low doses of insulin-like growth factor-I improve nitrogen retention and food efficiency in rats with early cirrhosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to ascertain whether malnutrition is an early-onset feature of liver cirrhosis and whether the anabolic hormone insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) could be useful in the treatment of this complication, we analyzed the nutritional alterations present in rats with early-stage liver cirrhosis and the effects of IGF-I on nutritional parameters in these animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a 24 h fast, a 15N-enriched diet was administered for 5 days to normal control rats and to cirrhotic rats receiving subcutaneous injections of vehicle (Group 1) or IGF-I, 2 micrograms.100 g bw-1.day-1, (Group 2) during the 5 experimental days. 15N, a stable N isotope, was measured in biological samples by mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with control rats, Group 1 animals showed significant reductions in N intake and food efficiency (p < 0.05, both). In addition, the weight of the gastrocnemius muscle, its total N content and the dietary N content of this muscle were significantly lower in Group 1 than in control animals (p < 0.05, all). In rats from Group 2, mean values of N intake, food efficiency, gastrocnemius N content and the amount of dietary N incorporated into this muscle were similar to those in control rats, and (with the exception of gastrocnemius N total content) significantly higher than those in non-treated cirrhotic rats (p < 0.05, all).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A variety of nutritional disturbances were detected in rats from the early stages of liver cirrhosis. Low doses of IGF-I were found to reverse most of these changes. These results stimulate further studies to determine whether IGF-I might be useful in the correction of the malnutrition present in patients with liver cirrhosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Picardi
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Muguerza
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tosar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quiroga
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Castilla-Cortázar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santidrián
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prieto
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D004032:Diet; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016014:Linear Models; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008106:Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D009584:Nitrogen; D006909:Hydroxyproline