title: Selective detrusor activation by electrical stimulation of the human sacral nerve roots.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of selective detrusor activation without activation of the urethral sphincter by sacral root stimulation in patients. The sacral roots were stimulated using a tripolar electrode. An anodal block was used to prevent the urethral sphincter from contraction. Using square current pulses (700 microseconds, 6-7 mA), no increase in intraurethral pressure was measured, while a normal increase in intravesical pressure occurred. The minimum pulse duration to obtain a complete block was 550 microseconds. The study shows that anodal blocking of action potentials is possible in humans and can result in selective detrusor activation when used in sacral root stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Rijkhoff
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Hendrikx
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: van Kerrebroeck
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Debruyne
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wijkstra
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000592:standards; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000502:physiology; D019051:Rhizotomy; D012445:Sacrococcygeal Region / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000502:physiology*; D014521:Urethra / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*