title: Megamitochondria in the serous acinar cells of the submandibular gland of the neotropical fruit bat, Artibeus obscurus.
abstract: As part of a continuing investigation of the comparative ultrastructure of chiropteran salivary glands, we examined the submandibular glands of eight species of neotropical fruit bats in the genus Artibeus. We previously described secretory granules of unusual substructure in the seromucous demilunar cells of this organ in some species in this genus. In the present study, we turned our attention to the serous acinar cells in the same glands.
  
  
  
  Specimens of eight species of Artibeus were collected in neotropical localities. Salivary glands were extirpated in the field and thin slices were fixed by immersion in triple aldehyde-DMSO or in modified half-strength Karnovsky's fixative. Tissues were further processed for electron microscopy by conventional means.
  
  
  
  In contrast to seromucous cells, which exhibit species-specific diversification in bats of this genus, the secretory apparatus and secretory granules in the serous acinar cells are highly conserved across all seven species. The single exception involves the mitochondria in one species. In this instance, some of the serous cell mitochondria in Artibeus obscurus are modified into megamitochondria. Such organelles usually have short, peripheral cristae; a laminar inclusion is present in the matrix compartment of every outsized organelle. Inclusions of this nature never are present in normal-size mitochondria in the serous cells. None of the megamitochondria were observed in the process of degeneration.
  
  
  
  The giant mitochondria in A. obscurus have a matrical structure that is radically different from that of the only other megamitochondria reported to occur in bat salivary glands. The factors that lead to variation in megamitochondrial substructure in different species, as well as the functional capacities of such giant organelles, are unknown.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Anatomy II, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tandler
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagato
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure*