title: Expression of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) encoding 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase delta4,delta5 isomerase (3beta-HSD) during recruitment and selection of bovine ovarian follicles: identification of dominant follicles by expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA within the granulosa cell layer.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to examine changes in expression of mRNA encoding 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase delta4,delta5 isomerase (3beta-HSD) during recruitment and selection of bovine ovarian follicles. Dairy heifers (4-5/time period) were ovariectomized at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, or 96 h after initiation of the first follicular wave (Time 0) following estrus. Expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA was localized by in situ hybridization and quantified by image analysis. Expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA was first detected in theca interna cells of preantral follicles with a well-developed theca layer and in granulosa cells of follicles > or = 8 mm in diameter. Regardless of stage of follicular wave, expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA in granulosa cells of follicles > or = 8 mm was correlated with follicular size (r = 0.665; p < 0.01). The 36-h time period appeared to be a transition period for selection since dominant follicles were detected by size and expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA in some cows but not in others. By 48 h after wave initiation, dominant follicles could be identified by both size and expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA. Expression of mRNA for 3beta-HSD in theca cells was higher (p < 0.05) at 24 h than at 12 h and remained elevated thereafter through 96 h. In contrast to theca cells, expression of mRNA for 3beta-HSD was undetectable within granulosa cells at 12 and 24 h. At 36 h, 3beta-HSD mRNA was expressed in granulosa cells of healthy follicles > or = 8 mm, and expression was higher (p < 0.05) at 48 h compared with 36 h. Expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA levels increased further in granulosa cells (p < 0.05) at 84 and 96 h compared to 48 h. Upon detection of mRNA for 3beta-HSD in granulosa cells, high levels of expression were always found in one (dominant) follicle/cow with the exception of two cows at 36 and 84 h that expressed 3beta-HSD mRNA in two large healthy follicles. Expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA was also detectable in granulosa cells of a few large atretic follicles in which remnant granulosa cells appeared to be luteinized. Healthy follicles expressed higher (p < 0.05) levels of 3beta-HSD mRNA in both theca and granulosa cells than did atretic follicles. Expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA in theca cells was higher (p < 0.01) in dominant follicles than in other subordinate healthy follicles. These results indicate that only selected dominant follicles express 3beta-HSD mRNA within granulosa cells, and expression increased in both thecal and granulosa cells during the follicular wave. Therefore, expression of 3beta-HSD mRNA within granulosa cells may be associated with the mechanism of selection of the dominant follicle during a follicular wave and may be required for maximum steroid production during follicular dominance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, 65211, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Garverick
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Salfen
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Youngquist
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D005498:Follicular Phase / Q000235:genetics; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D011375:Progesterone Reductase / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013251:Steroid Isomerases / Q000235:genetics*; D013799:Theca Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C021425:3 beta-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase-delta(5) 3-ketosteroid isomerase; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011375:Progesterone Reductase; D013251:Steroid Isomerases