title: Novel transglutaminase inhibitors reduce the cornified cell envelope formation.
abstract: Transglutaminase (TGase) is a calcium-dependent enzyme which catalyzes the iso-peptide cross-link between peptide-bound glutamine and lysine in vivo. Though the cross-link is developed as a barrier function in the skin system, overexpression of this could invoke skin hyperkeratosis in psoriasis and roughness in aged skin. In former research, many strong irreversible TGase inhibitors failed application because of high cytotoxicity. We selected one peptide after primary screening of six synthetic peptides designed from domains of known TGase substrates. Then we attempted to reduce the size and finally obtained two tetrameric peptides. When we treated keratinocyte with these TGase inhibitors under calcium-induced differentiation, the formation of a cornified cell envelope (CE) was decreased to the same level of CE under proliferating conditions without cytotoxic effect. Therefore, we propose that these TGase inhibitors may be useful for solving the physiological hypercross-linking problems for pharmaceutical or cosmetic purposes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Skin Biology, Pacific Research and Development Center, Yongin, Kyonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D007700:Kinetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011503:Transglutaminases