title: Romurtide, a synthetic muramyl dipeptide derivative, promotes megakaryocytopoiesis through stimulation of cytokine production in nonhuman primates with myelosuppression.
abstract: The response of megakaryocytes and cytokines to the administration of romurtide, a synthetic muramyl dipeptide derivative, was investigated in monkeys with myelosuppression by carboplatin-treatment. Romurtide increased the number of megakaryocytes and promoted the shift of megakaryocytes towards high ploidy class indicative of the promotion of the proliferation and maturation of megakaryocytes. The serum levels of interleukin-6, stem cell factor, and erythropoietin elevated significantly before the enhanced response of megakaryocytes induced by romurtide was observed. Romurtide also enhanced production of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), such as granulocyte-CSF, macrophage-CSF, and granulocyte-macrophage CSF by monkey mononuclear cells. The stimulating effect of romurtide on the production of those cytokines and CSFs is likely to be responsible for the subsequent promotion of the proliferation and maturation of marrow megakaryocytes.
authors.affiliation: New Product Research Laboratories 1, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Namba
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nitanai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Azuma
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001772:Blood Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016190:Carboplatin; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008533:Megakaryocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D011003:Ploidies; D019089:Stem Cell Factor / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019089:Stem Cell Factor; D004921:Erythropoietin; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; D016190:Carboplatin; C036866:romurtide