title: Indobufen versus warfarin in the secondary prevention of major vascular events in nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. SIFA (Studio Italiano Fibrillazione Atriale) Investigators.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The results of a large prospective randomized trial have shown the efficacy of oral anticoagulation in the secondary prevention of major vascular events in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation (NRAF); less well established is the role of antiplatelet agents. The present study compared the effects of indobufen, a reversible inhibitor of platelet cyclooxygenase, with those of warfarin in this setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 916 patients with NRAF and a recent (< or = 15 days) cerebral ischemic episode were admitted to this multicenter, randomized study, during which they were treated with either indobufen (100 or 200 mg BID) or warfarin (to obtain an international normalized ratio of 2.0 to 3.5) for 12 months. The two groups (462 on indobufen and 454 on warfarin) were well balanced in terms of their main baseline characteristics. The primary outcome of the study was the combined incidence of nonfatal stroke (including intracerebral bleeding), pulmonary or systemic embolism, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and vascular death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of follow-up, the incidence of primary outcome events was 10.6% in the indobufen group (95% confidence interval, 7.7% to 13.5%) and 9.0% in the warfarin group (95% confidence interval, 6.3% to 11.8%), with no statistically significant difference between treatments. The frequency of noncerebral major bleeding complications was low: only four cases (0.9%) of gastrointestinal bleeding were observed, all of them in the warfarin group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that, within the limitations of its design, this study may help the medical community in devising appropriate antithrombotic strategies for NRAF patients for whom oral anticoagulants are contraindicated or do not represent a feasible approach to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Malattie Nervose e Mentali, Università di Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morocutti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Amabile
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fattapposta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicolosi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matteoli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trappolini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cataldo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Milanesi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lavezzari
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pamparana
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coccheri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D054833:Isoindoles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010654:Phenylbutyrates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014859:Warfarin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D054833:Isoindoles; D010654:Phenylbutyrates; D014859:Warfarin; C020371:indobufen