title: Pentoxifylline decreases brain levels of platelet activating factor in murine AIDS.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated encephalopathy. The effects of pentoxifylline on brain PAF levels were examined in mice infected with the LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV). Seven weeks after viral inoculation, significant increases in serum TNF-alpha and brain PAF levels were observed. One week of treatment with pentoxifylline initiated 6 weeks postinfection significantly reduced both serum TNF-alpha and brain PAF levels. A significant positive correlation was observed between the levels of these substances (r = 0.62; P < 0.01). This study demonstrates that pentoxifylline treatment was effective in decreasing the levels of TNF-alpha in the serum and PAF levels in the brain of mice infected with the LP-BM5 MuLV.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroscience, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. sei@helix.nih.gov
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sei
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kustova
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Markey
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Basile
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D009052:Leukemia Virus, Murine; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016183:Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D012192:Retroviridae Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D010431:Pentoxifylline