title: [Genomic variation of laboratory strains and natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster exposed to X-irradiation].
abstract: The spontaneous and X-ray-induced mutation rates and spectrums were estimated in laboratory strains and natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster from the Chernobyl meltdown area. Laboratory strains Oregon R and y2w alpha 4 were stable. In all natural populations, the spontaneous mutation rate was an order of magnitude higher (10(-3)) than in laboratory strains. Irradiation at a total dose of 3000 R was shown to induce genetic instability in the stable laboratory strain y2w alpha 4 and to increase the mutation rate and spectrum range in the unstable natural population P1. A high level of genetic instability was observed both in the first and second generations. Genetic analysis by means of classical genetic and molecular methods was performed; in crosses, a collection of spontaneous and induced mutants was used. The molecular genetic nature of mutations at the white and cut loci was analyzed by Southern blot-hybridization. Mutations at the white locus were shown to result both from transposition and recombination events; cut mutations were caused by deletions.
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Shokhanov
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Shcherbata
authors.forename: Ia I
authors.initials: IaI
authors.lastname: Chernik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D017353:Gene Deletion; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016678:Genome; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D009688:Nuclear Reactors; D011210:Power Plants; D018788:Radioactive Hazard Release; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012016:Reference Values; D014455:Ukraine
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements
vernacular_title: Genomnaia izmenchivost' laboratornykh liniĭ i prirodnykh populiatsiĭ Drosophila melanogaster pri deĭstvii rentgenovskogo izlucheniia.