title: MLN64 exhibits homology with the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) and is over-expressed in human breast carcinomas.
abstract: The MLN64 gene, which is localized in q12-q21 of the human chromosome 17, encodes a novel protein containing 2 distinct domains. At the N-terminal, MLN64 exhibits a potential trans-membrane region, while at the C-terminal, it shares homology with the F26F4.4 protein of Coenorhabditis elegans and the steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein, a mitochondrial protein which is involved in steroid-hormone synthesis. By comparing the C-terminal part of these proteins, we defined a novel protein domain, which we termed SHD for "StAR Homology Domain". Of the 93 primary invasive breast carcinomas that were examined, 14 were found to over-express MLN64. These 14 tumors also expressed high c-erbB-2 transcript levels, which were not detected in the MLN64-negative tumors. MLN64 mRNA and protein were specifically detected in malignant cells of breast carcinomas. MLN64 protein was localized within bundle-like structures distributed throughout the cell cytoplasm and condensed in a perinuclear patch, suggesting an association with a specific cell compartment. When the N-terminal part of MLN64 was deleted, MLN64 was uniformly distributed in the cell cytoplasm, indicating that N-terminal part is involved in the specific cytoplasmic localization of MLN64. The homology between the C-terminal part of MLN64 and the functional StAR domain (SHD) suggests that MLN64 and StAR, although distributed in different cellular compartments, may both play a role in steroidogenesis. In this case, the high levels of MLN64 observed in some breast carcinomas could contribute to the progression of these tumors through increased intratumoral steroidogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U184/Université Louis Pasteur, Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moog-Lutz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tomasetto
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Régnier
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wendling
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Chenard
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Basset
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rio
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D018226:Fibroadenoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein; C105684:STARD3 protein, human