title: Stromal invasion by carcinoma of the cervix: assessment with dynamic MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate dynamic MR imaging in assessing the depth of stromal invasion by carcinoma of the cervix and to compare dynamic MR imaging with T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients with carcinoma that was clinically considered to be confined to the cervix were examined with T2-weighted, dynamic, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging before surgery. We evaluated enhancement patterns of the cervix and tumor and assessed the degree of stromal invasion with MR imaging. The degree of stromal invasion was divided into two groups: superficial disease (no stromal invasion or invasion of < or = 3 mm) and deep invasion (> 3 mm of stromal invasion). Then we compared these MR findings with histologic results for the depth of stromal invasion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With dynamic MR imaging, cervical carcinoma with deep invasion was seen as a focal enhanced area in the early dynamic phase. The cervical epithelium and stroma enhanced less vividly. In distinguishing deep invasion from superficial disease, we found the accuracy of T2-weighted MR images, dynamic MR images, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images to be 76%, 98%, and 63%, respectively. In particular, the detectability of 3.1-5.0 mm of stromal invasion with dynamic MR images was significantly higher than that with the other techniques: with T2-weighted MR images, we saw 3.1-5.0 mm of stromal invasion in 23% of patients; with dynamic MR images, in 92%; and with contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images, in none. Superficial disease was not revealed with any of the three MR techniques.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that dynamic MR imaging is superior to T2-weighted MR imaging and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging when assessing the depth of invasion of cervical carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azumi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008536:Meglumine; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D008536:Meglumine; D004369:Pentetic Acid; D005682:Gadolinium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA