title: Systemic and regional hemodynamic effects of gallopamil in patients with essential hypertension.
abstract: Systemic and regional hemodynamics were assessed in 10 patients with uncomplicated mild to moderate essential hypertension before and during gallopamil therapy. Cardiac output was measured in triplicate with indocyanine dye. Plasma volume and renal blood flow were measured radioisotopically. Immediately following the initial dose of a slow-release (SR) formulation of gallopamil, a significant fall in arterial pressure associated with a decreased total peripheral resistance and a reflex increase in heart rate and cardiac output were seen. Then, after 8-12 weeks of treatment, arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance remained reduced, but heart rate and cardiac output returned to pretreatment levels. Gallopamil also produced significant reductions in renal and splanchnic vascular resistance. Plasma volume and total blood volume did not change. Thus, gallopamil reduced arterial pressure and vascular resistances without fluid retention or prolonged reflexive changes.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Poliklinik, Universitäts-Klinikum Charité, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Ketelhut
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Messerli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Losem
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Frohlich
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Michalewicz
mesh_terms: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005711:Gallopamil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000097:blood; D010953:Plasma Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D005711:Gallopamil