title: Influenza virus infection of mice induces anorexia: comparison with endotoxin and interleukin-1 and the effects of indomethacin.
abstract: The effects of infection of mice with influenza virus on ingestive behavior were assessed by both 22-h intake of food pellets, and intake of sweetened milk in a 30-minute access period. Infection with a lethal dose of virus resulted in losses in body weight as well as a reduction in food pellet intake. By contrast, infection with a sublethal dose of virus decreased body weight and food pellet intake to a lesser extent, but did not alter milk intake. Acute intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin (LPS, 0.3-5 micrograms), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha, 50-100 ng) or IL-1 beta (100 ng) reduced milk intake, suggesting that the reduction of ingestive behavior may be associated with immune activation in general, and IL-1 in particular Pretreatment of the mice with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (10 mg/kg SC) substantially attenuated, but did not completely reverse, the reduction in milk intake by LPS and IL-1. However, chronic treatment with indomethacin failed to alter the body weight or the intake of sweetened milk in influenza-infected mice, although there was some attenuation of the reduction in food intake. These results suggest that although IL-1 may play a role in the anorexia caused by influenza virus infection, it is not the only factor involved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport 71103, USA.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Swiergiel
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Smagin
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Dunn
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000855:Anorexia / Q000209:etiology*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009042:Motivation; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000150:complications*; D012201:Reward
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D007213:Indomethacin