title: The value of sympathetic skin response recordings in the assessment of the vesicourethral autonomic nervous dysfunction in spinal cord injured patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the degree of sparing of the descending sympathetic spinal tract and correlated these findings with bladder neck function in spinal cord injured patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sympathetic skin responses of the right hand and foot were recorded and compared to the urodynamic findings in 27 spinal cord injured patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All tetraplegic and paraplegic patients with a lesion above the T6 level who presented with bladder neck dyssynergia associated with autonomic hyperreflexia had abnormal sympathetic skin responses in the right hand and foot. All patients with a lesion below the T6 and above the T12 levels with an abnormal sympathetic skin response in the right foot also had bladder neck dyssynergia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence is presented that the integrity of the descending sympathetic spinal tract is necessary for a synergic function of the vesicourethral complex and that sympathetic skin responses are of value in the diagnosis of bladder neck dyssynergia. For lesions below the T12 level other investigative methods to exclude bladder neck dyssynergia are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Clinic Balgrist, Zurich University, Switzerland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schurch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Curt
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rossier
mesh_terms: D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014521:Urethra / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics