title: Effects of in vitro and in vivo cytokine treatment, leucapheresis and irradiation on the function of human neutrophils: implications for white blood cell transfusion therapy.
abstract: Treatment of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) separated by density sedimentation (DS) from normal donors (PMNL-NL-DS) with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) + granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) lessens the damage caused by isolation and irradiation. We have studied granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in this system, as well as the behaviour of PMNL collected by continuous flow leucapheresis (CFL) from donors treated with G-CSF (PMNL-GCSF-CFL). After isolation, PMNLs were treated with IFN-gamma + G-CSF, GM-CSF or IFN-gamma + G-CSF + GM-CSF, irradiated with 0 or 30 Gy and studied after 0 and 20 h in cell culture. All regimens reduced apoptosis of PMNL-NL-DS. Killing of Candida albicans by 20-h-old PMNL-NL-DS was best preserved by IFN-gamma + G-CSF treatment. A similar pattern of results was obtained for assays of PMNL-NL-DS chemotaxis and superoxide production. There was a consistent trend toward reduced function after irradiation in all assays. PMNL-GCSF-CFL less often demonstrated the morphological features of apoptosis, and this was further reduced by cytokine regimens containing IFN-gamma + G-CSF. In assays of C. albicans killing and chemotaxis, 20-h-old untreated PMNL-GCSF-CFL performed as well as freshly isolated PMNL-GCSF-CFL. PMNL-GCSF-CFL showed decay in CD11b (CR3), CD16 (Fc gamma III) and CD64 (Fc gamma R1) expression after 20 h in cell culture, but treatment with IFN-gamma + G-CSF preserved expression. There was a trend toward reduced function after radiation. Comparison of PMNL-GCSF separated by CFL and DS demonstrated that CFL itself is a strong inducer of the morphological features of apoptosis. This study shows that while separation by CFL, and irradiation are damaging to PMNLs, damage may be reduced by use of cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Bhalla
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Anaissie
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hester
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Savary
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Rex
mesh_terms: D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007937:Leukapheresis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017708:Leukocyte Transfusion; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D016207:Cytokines; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D007371:Interferon-gamma