title: The biphasic opening of the blood-brain barrier in the cortex and hippocampus after traumatic brain injury in rats.
abstract: This study examined the time course of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening and correlated this with brain edema formation after a lateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) brain injury in rats. Quantitative measurement of Evans blue (EB) extravasation using fluorescence was employed at 2, 4, 6 h and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 days after injury. Brain edema was measured by specific gravity of the tissue at corresponding time points. Two prominent EB extravasations were observed at 4-6 h and 3-day after injury in the injury-site cortex and the ipsilateral hippocampus. Brain edema became progressively more severe over time and peaked at 24 h after injury and began to decline after day 3. These results suggest that there is a biphasic opening of the BBB after CCI brain injury and the second opening of the BBB does not contribute to a further increase in edema formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792, USA.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Başkaya
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doğan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dempsey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology