title: Analysis of glycosaminoglycans in human prostate by high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate changes in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) profiles in human prostatic tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen human prostatic samples were examined; five were normal, six hyperplastic and six were cancerous. Prostatic proteoglycans were extracted with 4 mol/L guanidine-HCl containing protease inhibitors. After digestion of the freeze-dried proteoglycan extract with papain, the prostatic GAGs were purified. Total GAGs were measured by a modified dimethylmethylene blue (DMB) method. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the extracted GAGs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six types of GAGs, i.e. chondroitin 4-sulphate (Ch-4S), chondroitin 6-sulphate (Ch-6S), dermatan sulphate (DS), chondroitin, heparan sulphate and hyaluronic acid, were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. The total amount of GAGs was increased in hyperplastic and cancerous prostates, with the predominant components being DS and Ch-6S in these specimens. The Ch-S:DS ratio in cancerous prostate was significantly higher than that in normal and BPH tissue (P < 0.05). Moreover, chondroitin was increased in hyperplastic prostatic tissue (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that an increase in chondroitin levels may be associated with hyperplastic change and an increase in the Ch-S:DS ratio may be related to the development of malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takazono
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yahara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid