title: Influences of fat and carbohydrate on postprandial sleepiness, mood, and hormones.
abstract: Paired studies were conducted in 18 healthy volunteers (9 men, 9 women) to investigate whether differences in mood and daytime sleepiness induced by high-fat-low-carbohydrate (CHO) and low-fat-high-CHO morning meals were associated with specific hormonal responses. Plasma insulin concentrations were significantly higher after low-fat-high-CHO meals, and cholecystokinin (CCK) concentrations were significantly higher after high-fat-low-CHO meals. Subjects tended to feel more sleepy and less awake 2-3 h after the high-fat-low-CHO meal, and ratings of fatigue were significantly greater 3 h after the high-fat-low-CHO meal than after the low-fat-high-CHO meal. The results of the present study are consistent with the hypothesis that there is an association between the lassitude experienced after a meal and the release of CCK.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Human Nutrition, University of Sheffield, England.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Read
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uvnas-Moberg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alster
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000502:physiology; D005755:Gastrins / Q000097:blood; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000097:blood; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000502:physiology; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000097:blood; D013649:Taste / Q000502:physiology; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005755:Gastrins; D006728:Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D010121:Oxytocin; D013004:Somatostatin; D002766:Cholecystokinin