title: Effects of frequent mouthrinses with palatinose and xylitol on dental plaque.
abstract: The aim was to evaluate the effects of frequent mouthrinses with palatinose, xylitol and a mixture of palatinose and xylitol on plaque pH, plaque formation and cariogenic microorganisms. 15 subjects refrained from toothbrushing during 3 test periods and rinsed 15 x daily for 4 d with 10 ml of: (1) 50% palatinose, (2) 37.5% palatinose + 12.5% xylitol, or (3) 50% xylitol. A contrast period with no mouthrinses was also carried out. The 4 periods were carried out in a randomized order with a cross-over design. After the 4-day periods, 3 parameters were measured: (1) plaque pH during the first 30 min after a mouthrinse with palatinose, a mixture of palatinose and xylitol or xylitol alone, directly followed by a 2nd rinse with 10% sucrose; (2) number of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in plaque and saliva; (3) plaque index. The most pronounced pH drop for the sugar substitutes was found when rinsing with 50% palatinose after the palatinose period, and the least pH drop with 50% xylitol after the xylitol period. The sucrose rinse gave similar pH fall after all 4 periods. The microbial data showed no differences between the 4 periods, but the mutans streptococcus counts in saliva decreased after the xylitol period in contrast to the 3 other periods. Regarding the plaque index, xylitol gave lower scores compared to the other 3 periods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Faculty of Odontology, Göteborg University, Sweden. peter.lingstrom@odontologi.gu.se
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lingström
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lundgren
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Birkhed
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takazoe
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frostell
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007534:Isomaltose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014099:Toothbrushing; D014993:Xylitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D009067:Mouthwashes; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D013395:Sucrose; D007534:Isomaltose; C008189:isomaltulose; D014993:Xylitol