title: Anti-HIV antibody in saliva: an assessment of the role of the components of saliva, testing methodologies and collection systems.
abstract: The various components of saliva, namely mixed saliva, parotid saliva, submandibular saliva, crevicular fluid and minor (labial) gland secretions, were collected from 63 known HIV antibody seropositive patients. A commercial test system, Wellcozyme HIV 1+2, and an antibody capture ELISA (GACELISA), were compared for sensitivity against all components. Sensitivity of the GACELISA system was 100% in 123 mixed saliva, 121 parotid saliva and 127 labial fluid samples, and 98% in 99 submandibular samples and 127 crevicular fluid samples. Respective figures for Wellcozyme 1+2 were 92%, 55%, 73%, 66% and 63%. Mixed saliva was most easily, conveniently and effectively collected using a plain Salivette. In 241 Salivette samples examined from the 63 patients, GACELISA proved 100% sensitive, and Wellcozyme 95% sensitive. Another form of Salivette impregnated with citric acid was unsuitable for GACELISA and gave a false negative value of 45%. In 197 samples from the gingival margin taken by a dry swab, GACELISA showed a sensitivity of 98% and Wellcozyme 81%. The most sensitive method for demonstrating anti-HIV antibody in saliva is to collect mixed saliva with the plain Salivette system and assay anti-HIV antibody levels by GACELISA.
authors.affiliation: The Queen's University of Belfast, N.Ireland.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lamey
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Follett
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Coote
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: MacFarlane
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Connell
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Parry
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002614:Chelating Agents; D019343:Citric Acid; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D008046:Lip; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000378:metabolism; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology*; D012470:Salivary Glands, Minor / Q000378:metabolism; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D019343:Citric Acid