title: Ketoconazole-induced adrenal crisis in a patient with metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Ketoconazole has been used with success to treat disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute spinal cord compression syndromes associated with metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma. It effects prompt, reversible medical castration, making it especially useful as empiric therapy when histologic diagnosis is delayed but prostate cancer is suspected. Side effects are usually limited to asthenia, nausea, diarrhea, and gynecomastia, but a theoretical risk of adrenal suppression exists. We report a case of fulminant adrenal crisis precipitated by ketoconazole given on a 6-hour dosing schedule in a patient with nerve root compression secondary to prostatic metastases. Through a review of the literature, we attempt to provide a better understanding of the use and potential dangers associated with ketoconazole therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, USA.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Sarver
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Dalkin
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Ahmann
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000556:secondary; D000307:Adrenal Gland Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000556:secondary; D006801:Humans; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D007654:Ketoconazole