title: Effect of amantadine hydrochloride on symptoms of frontal lobe dysfunction in brain injury: case studies and review.
abstract: Symptoms consistent with dysfunction of the frontal lobes can occur following traumatic brain injury (TBI) or other types of acquired brain injury (stroke, aneurysm). These symptoms can include problems with short-term memory, attention, planning, problem solving, impulsivity, disinhibition, poor motivation, and other behavioral and cognitive deficits ("frontal lobe syndrome"). These symptoms may respond to certain drugs, such as dopaminergic agents. This case series describes results of using amantadine in 7 patients with this type of symptom profile (6 with TBI, 1 with meningitis following sinus surgery). Patients received neuropsychiatric examinations and serial neuropsychological testing. All patients showed some degree of positive response. One had side effects that resolved upon discontinuation of drug. The rationale for using dopaminergics is discussed, and pertinent literature is reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Maki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000547:Amantadine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D000547:Amantadine