title: Gangliosides of dogfish (Squalus acanthias) brain.
abstract: Eighteen gangliosides were isolated from dogfish (Squalus acanthias) brain, and their structures and compositions were determined by methylation analysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and partial hydrolysis with mild acid. Tetra- and pentasialogangliosides were also analysed by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry. The dogfish brain gangliosides were characterized by a variety of molecular species. The most abundant ganglioside was GM2 (22.8% of the total sialic acid content), followed by GQ1c (16.0%), GP1c (13.4%), and GD2 (12.5%). The abundance of gangliosides containing a gangliotriaose core (GM2 and GD2), and c-series polysialogangliosides (GQ1c and GP1c) was a prominent feature of dogfish brain, differing from the brain gangliosides of teleosts and other vertebrates. A battery of trisialogangliosides was also found. A ganglioside which had an a- and alpha-series hybrid-structure (IV3NeuAc,III6NeuAc,II3NeuAc-Gg4Cer) comprised 1.4% of the total. The major fatty acids comprised 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 22:1 and 24:1. The gangliosides with a gangliotriaose core predominantly contained 22:1. Sphinganine and 4-sphingenine comprised the long-chain bases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004284:Dogfish; D005678:G(M2) Ganglioside / Q000032:analysis; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008745:Methylation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: D005732:Gangliosides; C048178:pentasialoganglioside GP1c; C082014:tetrasialoganglioside GQ1c; D005678:G(M2) Ganglioside; C019403:ganglioside, GD2