title: Interspecies transmission of influenza C virus between humans and pigs.
abstract: The antigenic and genetic characteristics of the 18 human strains of influenza C virus isolated in Yamagata and Sendai Cities, Japan between January 1991 and February 1993 were investigated. Antigenic analysis with monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinin-esterase glycoprotein showed that the isolates could be divided into three distinct groups closely related to C/Yamagata/26/81, C/Aichi/1/81 and C/Mississippi/80, respectively. T1-oligonucleotide fingerprinting of total vRNA revealed that the six isolates belonging to the C/Yamagata/26/81 virus group had the genomes greatly similar to one another but considerably different from those of the 1988/1990 isolates (except C/Yamagata/10/89) of the same antigenic group. Comparison of total or partial nucleotide sequences of the seven RNA segments of the three strains (C/Miyagi/3/91, C/Miyagi/9/91 and C/Miyagi/2/92) representative of the 1991/1993 strains of the C/Yamagata/26/81 virus group with those of the previous influenza C isolates obtained from humans and pigs during 1980/1989 showed that the 1991/1993 strains, like C/Yamagata/10/89, are more closely related to viruses isolated from pigs in Beijing, China in 1981/1982 than to any of the isolates from humans. This observation suggests strongly that interspecies transmission of influenza C virus between humans and pigs has occurred in nature, although it is not known whether the virus has been transmitted from pigs to humans or from humans to pigs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, Yamagata University, School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abiko
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muraki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hongo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kitame
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuta
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Numazaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001483:Base Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000635:transmission* / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D009982:Gammainfluenzavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine / Q000821:virology*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; C060814:hemagglutinin esterase