Eugenol protects neuronal cells from excitotoxic and oxidative injury in primary cortical cultures.
We examined the neuroprotective efficacy of eugenol against N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-, oxygen-glucose deprivation-, and xanthine/xanthine oxidase-induced neurotoxicity in primary murine cortical cultures. Eugenol (100-300 microM) attenuated NMDA (300 microM)-induced acute neurotoxicity by 20-60%. At the same concentration range, eugenol also inhibited NMDA (300 microM)-induced elevation in neuronal 45Ca2+ uptake by 10-30%. In the oxygen-glucose deprivation (50 min) neurotoxicity, eugenol (100-300 microM) prevented acute neuronal swelling and reduced neuronal death by 45-60% in a concentration-dependent fashion. Oxidative neuronal injury induced by xanthine/xanthine oxidase was also significantly reduced (75-90%) by eugenol (100- 300 microM) addition. These results suggest that eugenol may play a protective role against ischemic injury by modulating both NMDA receptor and superoxide radical.
Wie
M B
MB
Research and Development Center, Samchundang Pharmaceutical Co., Chunchon, South Korea. mbwie@www.hallym.ac.kr
Won
M H
MH
Lee
K H
KH
Shin
J H
JH
Lee
J C
JC
Suh
H W
HW
Song
D K
DK
Kim
Y H
YH
D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005054:Eugenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000633:toxicity*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000633:toxicity*
D009498:Neurotoxins; D005054:Eugenol; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase