title: Screening for fungi intensively mineralizing 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene.
abstract: Within a screening program, 91 fungal strains belonging to 32 genera of different ecological and taxonomic groups (wood- and litter-decaying basidiomycetes, saprophytic micromycetes) were tested for their ability to metabolize and mineralize 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). All these strains metabolized TNT rapidly by forming monoaminodinitrotoluenes (AmDNT). Micromycetes produced higher amounts of AmDNT than did wood- and litter-decaying basidiomycetes. A significant mineralization of [14C]TNT was only observed for certain wood- and litter-decaying basidiomycetes. The most active strains, Clitocybula dusenii TMb12 and Stropharia rugosa-annulata DSM11372 mineralized 42% and 36% respectively of the initial added [14C]TNT (100 microM corresponding to 4.75 microCi/l) to 14CO2 within 64 days. Micromycetes (deuteromycetes, ascomycetes, zygomycetes) proved to be unable to mineralize [14C]TNT significantly.
authors.affiliation: Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, Institut für Mikrobiologie, Lehrstuhl Technische Mikrobiologie, Germany. scheibner@merlin.biologie.uni-jena.de
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scheibner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hofrichter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Herre
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Michels
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fritsche
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D004136:Dinitrobenzenes / Q000378:metabolism; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014303:Trinitrotoluene / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004136:Dinitrobenzenes; D014303:Trinitrotoluene; D002245:Carbon Dioxide