title: Omasal sampling technique for assessing fermentative digestion in the forestomach of dairy cows.
abstract: A procedure allowing digesta sampling from the omasum via a ruminal cannula without repeated entry into the omasum was developed. The sampling system consisted of a device inserted into the omasum via the ruminal cannula, a tube connecting the device to the ruminal cannula, and a single compressor/vacuum pump. Eight cows given ad libitum access to a total mixed diet were used in a crossover design to evaluate the effects of the sampling system on digestive activity, animal performance, and animal behavior. Results indicated that the omasal sampling system has minimal effect on normal digestive and productive functions of high-producing dairy cows. Dry matter intake was reduced (24.0 vs 21.8 kg/d; P < .02) and seemed related more to the sampling procedures than to the device in the omasum. Observations of animal behavior indicated that cows with the sampling device were similar to control cows, although rumination and total chewing times were reduced slightly. The composition of digesta samples was biased toward an over-abundance of the liquid phase, but using a double-marker system to calculate digesta flow resulted in fairly small coefficients of variation for measurements of ruminal digestion variables. This technique may prove useful for partitioning digestion between the fermentative portion of the forestomach and the lower gastrointestinal tract. The omasal sampling procedure requires less surgical intervention than the traditional methods using abomasal or duodenal cannulas as sampling sites to study forestomach digestion and avoids potentially confounding endogenous secretions of the abomasum.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA, ARS, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huhtanen
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Brotz
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Satter
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation / Q000502:physiology*; D007811:Lanthanum; D000455:Medicago sativa / Q000378:metabolism; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism; D009851:Omasum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D010316:Particle Size; D011897:Random Allocation; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D012493:Samarium; D013270:Stomach / Q000502:physiology*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D012493:Samarium; D007811:Lanthanum