title: Managing complex orthodontic problems: the use of implants for anchorage.
abstract: Today implants are commonly used to replace missing teeth in partially edentulous adult orthodontic patients. Because these patients are missing teeth, orthodontic mechanics may be complicated or often impossible because of insufficient anchorage. In these situations, it may be feasible to use the implant initially as an orthodontic anchor to facilitate complex tooth movement and secondarily as an abutment for a crown or fixed prosthesis. This article will discuss the ramifications and requirements for using implants as anchors and abutments in adult orthodontic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Kokich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000044:Dental Abutments; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants