title: Epidemiological study of magnesium status and risk of hypertension in a rural population of north India.
abstract: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in two randomly selected villages in Moradabad in North India to demonstrate the association of magnesium status with hypertension in relation to socioeconomic status (SES) in a rural population. There were 1769 subjects (894 males, 875 females) between 25 and 64 years of age, randomly selected and divided into social classes 1-4 depending upon various sociological attributes. The survey methods were a validated questionnaire, blood pressure measurements by mercury manometer, and blood analysis for serum magnesium. Social class 1 and 2 were associated with a greater prevalence of hypertension. The overall prevalence of hypertension diagnosed by JNC-V criteria (> 140/90 mm Hg) was 17.7 per cent (n = 313) and the prevalence was comparable in both sexes and increased with age. Among social class 1 and 2 subjects, there was a higher prevalence of obesity and sedentary lifestyle, a lower intake of dietary magnesium, and a lower serum magnesium compared to social class 3. Logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age showed that SES has a positive relation with hypertension (odds ratio 1.08 men, 1.07 women, P < 0.05), body mass index (odds ratio 1.14 men, 1.13 women, P < 0.01), and sedentary lifestyle (odds ratio 1.38 men, 1.32 women, P < 0.05) in both sexes, and with salt intake in women (odds ratio 1.28, P < 0.05). The odds ratio indicated that a higher intake of magnesium (odds ratio 1.14 men, 1.17 women, P < 0.05) and a higher serum magnesium (odds ratio 1.12 men, 1.15 women, P < 0.05) were associated with a lower risk of hypertension. The findings suggest that social class 1 and 2 subjects in some rural populations of India have a higher prevalence of hypertension and dietary intake of magnesium, and serum magnesium levels were inversely associated with the risk of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Heart Research Laboratory, Medical Hospital and Research Centre, Moradabad, India.
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rastogi
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Niaz
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raghuvanshi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moshira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D007194:India; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D011897:Random Allocation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012923:Social Class; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals