title: Exercise-related ventilatory abnormalities and survival in congestive heart failure.
abstract: This retrospective study of 104 New York Heart Association class 1 to 4 heart failure patients undergoing exercise stress testing with gas exchange analysis demonstrated that the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide at anaerobic threshold is useful in determining prognosis in patients with severe congestive heart failure, particularly when used in combination with peak exercise oxygen consumption. A ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide >50 and peak oxygen consumption < or =15.0 ml/kg/min defines a very high-risk patient group who should be prioritized for transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: MacGowan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Janosko
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cecchetti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murali
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D018579:Patient Selection; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015996:Survival Rate; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide