title: Psychological preparation for nasogastric feeding in children.
abstract: Psychological preparation of children undergoing enteral nutrition by nasogastric tube was evaluated in a prospective study of 48 children nursed at home. They were randomly allocated to receive either standard informal preparation or detailed psychological preparation and support. The children were divided into two groups according to age: group A comprised toddlers and younger children aged 2-6 years and group B comprised older children and adolescents aged 7-16 years. Detailed questionnaires were administered to all parents and older children by dietetic colleagues who were blinded to the type of preparation received by the children. The results emphasize that detailed psychological preparation of families takes time. Passage of a nasogastric tube was seen as very distressing to both parents and children. Having a nasogastric tube was perceived as a major problem by group A. There was no statistical difference in the effects of enteral nutrition between younger children who received routine preparation and those who received detailed preparation; however, parental assessment of their child's behaviour was the sole means of determining how the younger child felt and reacted. In group B, there were marked differences: scores suggested that those who received detailed preparation had been better prepared for enteral feeding in hospital and at home and that the passage of the nasogastric tube, although unpleasant, was less distressing to them (P < 0.05). Talking to a nurse and play therapist was seen by parents as essential (P < 0.05). The authors conclude that children should be prepared for painful procedures and followed up sensitively, according to their needs.
authors.affiliation: Birmingham Children's NHS Trust.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Patchell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Handy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chell
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: I W
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Booth
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control*