title: [Appearance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases].
abstract: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes which hydrolyze broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics by expanding the substrate spectra into the so-called anti-beta-lactamase beta-lactams such as oxyimino-cephalosporins, cephamycins, oxacephems, carbapenems and monobactams, conferring resistance to many kinds of beta-lactams on pathogenic bacteria. Recently, ESBLs have been demonstrated from various types of beta-lactamases phylogenetically belonging to the molecular class, A, B, C, or D. The genes coding for ESBLs are chromosome- or plasmid-mediated and some of them have developed by point or insertion mutations in the parental genes coding for the narrow-spectrum beta-lactamase. If the genes are plasmid-mediated, the dissemination among various species of pathogenic bacteria would cause hospital-acquired infections by ESBL-producing bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug-Resistance in Bacteria, Gunma University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iyobe
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D017354:Point Mutation; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D047090:beta-Lactams
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D047090:beta-Lactams; D001618:beta-Lactamases