title: Improved odds ratio estimation by post hoc stratification of case-control data.
abstract: We propose a logistic regression analysis of unmatched or frequency matched case-control studies with conditional maximum likelihood estimation through post hoc stratification. In this model fewer parameters have to be estimated. With a simulation study we show that parameter estimates have smaller variance and are less biased. Also, the residual confounding effect was quantified. A more refined post hoc stratification reduces computing time, but to the cost of a larger bias and a loss in efficiency. The model was also applied to data of unmatched case-control studies on laryngeal cancer, oesophageal cancer and lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Solvay Pharma, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neuhäuser
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Becher
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012107:Research Design; D013223:Statistics as Topic / Q000379:methods*