title: An in vivo micronucleus assay for detecting the clastogenic effect in rat kidney cells.
abstract: A micronucleus assay in vivo has been developed that is based on the use of freshly isolated kidney cells from mononephrectomized rats. In this validation study, a statistically significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells was detected in rats given i.p. a single dose of four kidney carcinogens, N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine and N-nitroso-N-methylurea. The clastogenic effect was more marked when the same dose was injected for 3 successive days. As compared to controls, treated rats displayed a reduction in the frequency of binucleated cells, presumably due to a toxicity-induced inhibition of cellular proliferation. The proposed method should be suitable for the detection of the clastogenic effect of procarcinogens biotransformed into reactive species in the kidney.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, University of Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robbiano
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mereto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Migliazzi Morando
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pastore
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brambilla
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000633:toxicity; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000633:toxicity; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; C023845:N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine