title: Involvement of delta 1 and delta 2 opioid receptor subtypes in the development of physical dependence on morphine in mice.
abstract: The effects of the highly selective delta opioid receptor antagonists naltrindole (NTI) for delta 1 and delta 2 naltriben (NTB) and naltrindole 5'-isothiocyanate (5'-NTII) for delta 2 and 7-benzylidenenaltrexone (BNTX) for delta 1 on the development of physical dependence on morphine were investigated in mice. Neither NTI (3 mg/kg, sc), NTB (0.5 mg/kg, sc), 5'-NTII (0.5 mg/kg, sc) nor BNTX (0.5 mg/kg, sc) suppressed the antinociception induced by morphine (10 mg/kg, sc). Pretreatment with NTI (3 mg/kg, sc), NTB (0.5, 1.0 mg/kg, sc) or 5'-NTII (0.5, 1.0 mg/kg, sc) during chronic treatment with morphine for 5 days significantly suppressed naloxone-induced body-weight loss in morphine-dependent mice. The incidence of jumping and body shakes in morphine-dependent mice that were pretreated with NTI. NTB or 5'-NTII were significantly lower than with morphine alone. Pretreatment with BNTX (0.5, 1.0 mg/kg, sc) during chronic treatment with morphine also significantly suppressed naloxone-induced body-weight loss in morphine-dependent mice, but this suppression was weaker than that by the antagonists. In contrast to mice that had been pretreated with NTI, NTB or 5'-NTII, the incidence of several withdrawal signs, such a jumping and body shakes, was not significantly affected in morphine-dependent mice that were pretreated with BNTX. These findings suggest that both delta 2 and delta 1 opioid receptors may play important roles in modulating the development of physical dependence on morphine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Misawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagase
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001597:Benzylidene Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009020:Morphine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009021:Morphine Dependence; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta / Q000502:physiology*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D001597:Benzylidene Compounds; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta; C077358:7-benzylidenenaltrexone; D009270:Naloxone; D009271:Naltrexone; D009020:Morphine