title: Ischemic-reperfused rat skeletal muscle: the effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on contractile force, oxygenation and antioxidant enzyme systems.
abstract: The effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the nerve-stimulated contraction, tissue oxygenation, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activities-superoxide dismutase and catalase was investigated in the rat gastrocnemius muscle exposed to 4 h ischemia-4hr reperfusion. Ischemia caused significant decrease in muscle contractile force, oxygenation and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity. Reperfusion of ischemic muscle increased the muscle contractile force and restored the tissue oxygenation to the baseline level. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities of reperfused muscle increased significantly. However neither ischemia nor reperfusion affected gastrocnemius muscle malondialdehide (MDA) levels. VIP administration at the onset of reperfusion significantly increased skeletal muscle contractile force and tissue oxygenation even higher than baseline and reperfusion values. VIP also normalized the increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities of reperfused skeletal muscle. In conclusion, VIP, acting as a powerful antioxidant and preserving contractile machinery seems to be a promising endogenous peptide that can salvage the skeletal muscle from severe ischemia-reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Osmangazi, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tunçel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erden
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uzuner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Altiokka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tunçel
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015424:Reperfusion; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase