title: Adolescents' exposure to community and school violence: prevalence and behavioral correlates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this research was to study adolescents' perceptions of violence in their communities and schools and examine the relationship between these reports and their emotional and behavioral functioning, controlling for the effects of family violence and other sociodemographic variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Respondents included 935 urban and suburban high school students who completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) as well as measures assessing their perceptions of community, school, and family violence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This sample of high school students was exposed to high levels of violence in their communities and schools. Over 45% of the students reported witnessing severe forms of violence such as a shooting or stabbing in their communities or schools during the year prior to the study. Hierarchic regression analyses revealed that for males, exposure to community and school violence was a significant predictor of aggressive acting-out behaviors, even when controlling for the effects of family violence and other sociodemographic variables. For girls, only exposure to school violence was a significant predictor of aggression. The results for internalizing scores (depression, withdrawal) were less impressive, particularly for males.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high levels of violence exposure of adolescents in their communities and schools and the associated increase in behavior problems suggest the need for developing school and community intervention programs to treat violence and its impact.
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Keefe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000296:Adolescent Psychiatry; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D003710:Demography; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010465:Perception; D012574:Schools; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology*