title: Ouabain-induced hypertrophy in cultured cardiac myocytes is accompanied by changes in expression of several late response genes.
abstract: Partial inhibition of cardiac Na/K-ATPase by digitalis drugs such as ouabain is the initial event leading to positive inotropy in the heart. We showed recently that exposure of rat cardiac myocytes to ouabain concentrations that produce positive inotropy, but no overt toxicity, caused inductions of some early response genes and hypertrophy of these myocytes. The aim of this work was to determine if ouabain also affects the expressions of certain late response genes that are regulated by other hypertrophic stimuli. Non-toxic concentrations of ouabain (5-100 microM) increased mRNAs of skeletal alpha-actin, atrial natriuretic factor, myosin light chain 2, and transforming growth factor beta: indicating that ouabain's effects on these marker genes are similar to those of hypertrophic stimuli that mimic the effects of pressure overload. Expression of skeletal alpha-actin was more sensitive to ouabain than that of atrial natriuretic factor, suggesting significant differences in the ouabain-specific pathways of the induction of these fetal genes. The effects of ouabain on skeletal alpha-actin gene were transcriptional, and required an increase in net influx of extracellular Ca2+. Protein kinase C and Ca(2+)-calmodulin kinases, but not protein kinase A, were involved in the signal pathways leading to the induction of skeletal alpha-actin gene. These data and our prior findings indicate that an increase in net influx of Ca2+ through partial inhibition of Na/K-ATPase initiates protein kinase-dependent pathways resulting in alterations in cardiac growth and expressions of both early and late response genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43699-0008, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000139:chemically induced; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016762:Genes, fos; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010042:Ouabain / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D003609:Dactinomycin; D010042:Ouabain; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D004247:DNA; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D002118:Calcium