title: Role of nitric oxide in the arterial pressure and renal adaptations to long-term changes in sodium intake.
abstract: The goals of this study were to determine whether long-term nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibition in dogs results in an increase in the sodium sensitivity of arterial pressure and whether changes in plasma renin activity or the plasma concentrations of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and aldosterone play an important role in this hypertension. Studies were conducted in a control group and groups that received NO inhibition with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) at 10 or 25 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1). Each group was challenged with normal, low, and high sodium intake for periods of 5 days each. Urinary nitrate + nitrite excretion (UNOx) more than doubled in the control group during high sodium intake. In both L-NAME groups, UNOx decreased significantly, there was a hypertensive shift in the relation between urinary sodium excretion and arterial pressure, and urinary sodium excretion remained normal even in the high-sodium intake period. L-NAME infusion did not change the sodium sensitivity of arterial pressure or plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, and plasma AVP. In conclusion, the data suggest that, in dogs, increases in NO synthesis are not necessary to excrete a chronic sodium load, and decreases in NO do not increase the sodium sensitivity of arterial pressure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Reckelhoff
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D004285:Dogs; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000652:urine; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000652:urine; D012016:Reference Values; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000450:Aldosterone; D012083:Renin; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester