title: Localization of alanyl aminopeptidase and leucyl aminopeptidase in cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by application of different methods for periplasm release.
abstract: Various methods for the isolation of periplasm were examined and compared with regard to the complete release of known periplasmic marker enzymes and the contamination of the periplasm by cytosol for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 as a significant Gram-negative test strain. The aim of the investigations was to clarify the exact localization of alanyl aminopeptidase (AAP) and leucyl aminopeptidase (LAP) of this microorganism and to evaluate these methods. The osmotic shock of NOSSAL and HEPPEL (1996) was the most effective method with the lowest contamination by the cytosolic marker enzyme malic enzyme, but some proteins, which are located near the inner side of the cytoplasmic membrane, can be released additionally into the periplasm. All other procedures like chloroform or polymyxin treatment, the magnesium chloride washing of intact bacteria and spheroblasting by lysozyme in the presence of EDTA or magnesium chloride resulted only in a partial, sometimes only very low release of periplasm. The periplasmic enzymes are bound either more by hydrophobic or more by ionic interactions to the cell envelope and show a different behaviour with the different releasing agents. These methods are useful for a further differentiation between really periplasmic protein, and those proteins, which were false positive found in periplasm as a result of the osmotic shock. Our results show that AAP from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a periplasmic enzyme with hydrophobic interactions to the cytoplasmic membrane, corresponding to the early results of LAZDUNSKI and MURGIER for Escherichia coli (LAZDUNSKI et al. 1975a and b, MURGIER et al. 1977), and LAP is cytosolic, but located near the cytoplasmic membrane. The AAP is not a real amphipatic membrane protein, as could be demonstrated by phase separation experiments with Triton X-114.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Martin Luther University, Halle (Saale), FRG.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jensch
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fricke
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018826:CD13 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D002725:Chloroform / Q000494:pharmacology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007931:Leucyl Aminopeptidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D015636:Magnesium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009113:Muramidase / Q000494:pharmacology; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D011113:Polymyxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000201:enzymology*; D013104:Spheroplasts / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011113:Polymyxins; D015636:Magnesium Chloride; D002725:Chloroform; D004492:Edetic Acid; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D009113:Muramidase; D007931:Leucyl Aminopeptidase; D018826:CD13 Antigens