title: A characterization of permolybdate and its effect on cellular tyrosine phosphorylation, gap junctional intercellular communication and phosphorylation status of the gap junction protein, connexin43.
abstract: Biological and analytical characterizations of permolybdate (a mixture of H2O2 and molybdate) were done. Molybdate (10 mM) and molybdenum(V) chloride (3 mM) did not affect gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC), phosphorylation status of connexin43 (Cx43) or cellular tyrosine phosphorylation in early passage hamster embryonic cells (mainly fibroblast-like). High concentrations of H2O2 (3-10 mM) affected some of the parameters. Acidified permolybdate was clearly more stable than the unadjusted permolybdate. The maximum biological potency of acidified permolybdate was found at a molar ratio of 2:1 (H2O2:molybdate). The mixtures of molybdenum(V) chloride and H2O2 gave a maximum effect at 4:1 molar ratio (H2O2:molybdenum(V)). This can be explained by decomposition of H2O2 and by the generation of less biologically active compounds. Spectrophotometric analyses of the mixtures corroborated the biological results. The Mo(V) electron spin resonance spectrum disappeared upon addition of H2O2 to Mo(V) solutions, and no spectrum appeared when H2O2 was mixed with Mo(VI). Thus, permolybdate is probably diperoxomolybdate, a Mo(VI) compound. Regardless of the parent metal salt, the H2O2/metal salt mixtures showed concentration-dependent biphasic responses with an initial decrease in GJIC followed by an increase. A dissociation between alteration in Cx43 phosphorylation status and GJIC was obtained under certain conditions. The biological activities of permolybdate were only partially mimicked by phenylarsine oxide, an alternative protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor.
authors.affiliation: Department for Environmental and Occupational Cancer, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo. s.o.mikalsen@labmed.uio.no
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Mikalsen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kaalhus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000494:pharmacology; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D017629:Gap Junctions / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D008982:Molybdenum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D018031:Connexin 43; C029341:oxophenylarsine; C044659:molybdate; D014443:Tyrosine; D008982:Molybdenum; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases