title: Expression of protein kinase regulator genes in human ear and cloning of a gamma subtype of the 14-3-3 family of proteins.
abstract: We have used oligonucleotides corresponding to conserved regions of protein kinase regulators of 14-3-3 gene family as primers to amplify these genes from cDNAs constructed from the human fetal inner ear. Sequence characterization of clones revealed that the 14-3-3 cDNA library from the fetal inner ear has high abundance of clones encoding a protein kinase regulator (theta subtype), a member of 14-3-3 gene family, and relatively lower abundance of clones for two other members of the gene family. One of these genes is identical to the eta subtype of human 14-3-3 genes; there is no cloned gene for the other subtype in the human 14-3-3 gene family in the nucleic acid data bases. A sequence homology search revealed that the latter shared significant homology with the gamma subtype of the rat 14-3-3 family. On the basis of the sequence data, it appears that this clone represents a human homolog of the rat gamma subtype. The results demonstrate the expression of 14-3-3 genes in the inner ear, characterize a human homolog of the rat gamma subtype of 14-3-3, implicate these proteins in ear development, and indicate the utility of gene family polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for investigating gene expression in specific tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kandpal
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Kandpal
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005333:Fetus; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011506:Proteins; D004247:DNA; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase