title: "Above-under" exposure of the first rib: a modified approach for the treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome.
abstract: To provide both adequate exposure of the structures of the thoracic inlet and make removal of the antero-medial portion of the first rib easier, the authors recommend that the customarily used anterior supraclavicular approach for the treatment of thoracic outlet syndromes should be modified by performing through the same incision an additional transmuscular exposure of the first rib below the clavicle to facilitate its removal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Robicsek
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eastman
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D012272:Ribs / Q000601:surgery*; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000379:methods; D013901:Thoracic Outlet Syndrome / Q000601:surgery*