title: Rickets and protein malnutrition in northern Nigeria.
abstract: The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between protein nutritional status and the development of rickets in children living in northern Nigeria. The diagnosis of rickets in 16 children between the ages of 10 months and 7 years was confirmed using established, and recently developed clinical and biochemical parameters. Twenty-seven children devoid of skeletal stigmata were age- and sex-matched to the rachitic patients. A battery of clinical laboratory and anthropometric measurements designed to assess calcium homeostasis, skeletal growth, the extent of bone remodeling or resorption, and protein nutritional status were performed on all subjects. Our central finding was that although the rachitic children were moderately malnourished, their protein nutritional status was significantly better as measured by the serum prealbumin concentration (15.4 v. 12.5 mg/dl, P = 0.0012) when compared with the severely malnourished children who were devoid of any indication of rickets. This may be due, in part, to the fact that actively growing children are more likely to develop rickets than are children whose linear growth is impeded. Unexpectedly, we found that the mean concentrations of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in both the rachitic and control group were higher than any values for the active vitamin D metabolite previously reported in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 8713, USA.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Scariano
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Easington
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Polaco
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Hollis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dasgupta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pam
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Glew
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000032:analysis; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary / Q000097:blood; D011228:Prealbumin / Q000032:analysis; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012279:Rickets / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary; D011228:Prealbumin; D014807:Vitamin D; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase