title: Correlation of the arterial resistive index in pancreas transplants of patients with transplant rejection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to determine whether arterial resistive indexes (RIs) in pancreas transplants correlate with biopsy-proven transplant rejection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed arterial RIs in pancreas transplants for all patients who underwent Doppler sonography within 1 week before transcystoscopic or percutaneous biopsy of pancreas transplants. RIs were correlated with type and degree of rejection in the 20 transplants for which biopsies provided sufficient tissue for diagnosis. Three patients were subsequently eliminated from the study because of significant intervening therapy between sonography and biopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The nine transplants with no evidence of rejection had a mean arterial RI of 0.64 (range, 0.49-0.80). The six transplants with acute mild or moderate rejection had a mean RI of 0.67 (range, 0.56-0.73). The two transplants with acute severe rejection had a mean RI of 0.85 (range, 0.80-0.90). We found no statistically significant difference between arterial RIs in pancreas transplants of patients with acute mild or acute moderate rejection and those with no evidence of rejection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arterial RIs of pancreas transplants do not differentiate between acute mild or acute moderate rejection and absence of rejection. The higher mean value of arterial RIs in pancreas transplants with acute severe rejection suggests that elevated arterial RIs are sensitive, but not specific, for revealing acute severe rejection of pancreas transplants. However, our study data are limited, and a larger sample size is necessary to draw statistically significant conclusions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Aideyan
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Foshager
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Benedetti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Troppmann
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gruessner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000276:immunology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014655:Vascular Resistance