title: Electromyographic and ultrasonographic evaluation of the circum-oral musculature in children.
abstract: Muscle activity and thickness of the circum-oral musculature in children with class I molar occlusion having normal anterior relation, anterior deep-bite and anterior open-bite were measured using electromyographic and ultrasonographic techniques. The results demonstrated that the upper lip muscle thickness was least in open-bite subjects and lower lip muscle thickness was maximum in deep-bite subjects. The muscle activity in both the upper and lower lip was high in deep-bite subjects. A significantly negative correlation between muscle activity and thickness was noted only in the middle and left side of the lower lip in subjects having normal anterior relation. The upper lip contributed to the maximum EMG activity in all the three groups observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rasheed
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Munshi
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004576:Electromyography; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012016:Reference Values; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014716:Vertical Dimension