title: Ultrastructure of cholesterol gallstones as observed by electron microscopy after freeze-fracturing.
abstract: The ultrastructure of cholesterol gallstones (mixed type) was studied in detail for the first time under the transmission electron microscope after freeze-fracturing. Gallstones consisted essentially of cholesterol crystals, some impurities, and fluid. In accord with the theoretical 3.4 nm bilayered structure of cholesterol crystals, 3-4 nm periodicity of crystal layering was observed. However, gallstone cholesterol crystals were not perfect and often showed structural defects. Between crystals, complete edge-to-surface, edge-to-edge and surface-to-surface adhesions, and overall block-like aggregations were found. These may represent the structural basis for the stability of cholesterol crystal aggregation. The easy breakdown of cholesterol gallstones by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is discussed in relation to their ultrastructure.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saisho
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D003461:Crystallography; D005260:Female; D005614:Freeze Fracturing; D006801:Humans; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol