title: Lazaroids prevent acute cyclosporine-induced renal vasoconstriction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyclosporine (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity may be due to intrarenal vasoconstriction and glomerular hypoperfusion. Several factors, including endothelin and prostanoids, are suggested mediators of this response. Recent evidence suggests that CsA leads to increased oxygen-derived free radical (ODFR) production and lipid peroxidation in renal tissue. Whether this leads to alterations in renal vessel reactivity is unclear. Lazaroids, such as U74389G, are radical-quenching antioxidants that inhibit ODFR-induced lipid peroxidation and may improve renal function after ischemia and reperfusion. We hypothesized that ODFRs contribute to CsA-induced alterations of the renal microcirculation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat hydronephrotic kidneys were studied by video microscopy. Interlobular arteriolar diameter and flow, afferent and efferent arteriolar diameters, and cardiac output were measured at 15-min intervals for 120 min. U74389G or its vehicle was infused 15 min before topical application of CsA to the kidney. The results were compared with U74389G alone and normal saline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CsA administration caused renal microvascular vasoconstriction (10-25% below baseline) and hypoperfusion (35% below baseline). Both vasoconstriction and hypoperfusion were significantly attenuated by U74389G (5-8% and 20% below baseline, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhibition of lipid peroxidation by U74389G maintained renal blood flow during acute CsA administration. These data suggest that ODFRs are involved in the renal microvascular response to CsA. Inhibition of ODFR-induced lipid peroxidation may help prevent CsA-induced glomerular hypoperfusion. Lazaroids may prove an effective adjunct in reducing CsA-induced nephrotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky 40292, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Krysztopik
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Bentley
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Spain
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Garrison
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000633:toxicity*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D011281:Pregnatrienes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011281:Pregnatrienes; C074965:U 74389F; D016572:Cyclosporine