title: Comparison of integrin alpha chain expression in benign and malignant salivary gland tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates the distribution of the alpha chain of the integrin family of extracellular matrix receptors in a series of adenomas and carcinomas of salivary gland origin to determine if the malignant phenotype is associated with modification of the expression of these receptors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cryostat sections of 36 tumor specimens were stained by a standard streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase technique using primary monoclonal antibodies against alpha 1-6 and alpha v integrin chains. The immunohistochemical reaction was scored using a three-point scale and the results were analyzed using Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In salivary adenomas, alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 4, alpha 6, and alpha v chains were widely expressed in most of the cases studied. The alpha 1 subunit was prominently expressed by the epithelial cells of Warthin's tumor, whereas a minority of pleomorphic adenomas showed immunoreactivity for this antigen. We observed alpha 5 subunit expression only in the mesenchymal-like component of pleomorphic adenomas. In salivary carcinomas, integrin alpha chain expression was heterogeneous, varying greatly between different histotypes and within the same histotype. The distribution of the antigens was similar to that of adenomas, except for the alpha 6 chain, which localized not only at the interface between cell and matrix, but also at sites of cell-cell contact. When the immunohistochemical levels of integrin alpha chain expression were compared in adenomas and carcinomas, expression significantly decreased for the alpha 6 and alpha v chains (p = 0.0007; p = 0.002, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Loss of alpha 6 and alpha v integrin subunits occurring in salivary gland carcinomas could modify the adhesive properties of malignant cells, contributing to the invasive potential of these tumors.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Di Anatomia e Istologia Patologica, Università Degli Studi Di Frenze.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franchi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paglierani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bondi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology; D000235:Adenolymphoma / Q000276:immunology; D000236:Adenoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008949:Adenoma, Pleomorphic / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018267:Carcinoma, Acinar Cell / Q000276:immunology; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000276:immunology; D018277:Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid / Q000276:immunology; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D039503:Integrin alpha6; D039564:Integrin alphaV; D016023:Integrins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000276:immunology*; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D039503:Integrin alpha6; D039564:Integrin alphaV; D016023:Integrins