title: Pharmacokinetics of tilmicosin in serum and milk of goats.
abstract: Tilmicosin was administered to goats intravenously and subcutaneously to determine its concentration in blood and milk and its kinetic behaviour. After a slow intravenous injection, the serum concentration-time curve indicated a two compartment open model with a mean (SEM) elimination half-life (t1/2 beta S) of 4.36 (0.04) hours. After a subcutaneous injection the drug was eliminated more slowly from serum and milk, with t1/2 beta S of 29.3 and 41.4 hours, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution of tilmicosin was more than 1 litre kg-1. The peak serum tilmicosin concentration was 1.56 micrograms ml-1 6.39 hours after a subcutaneous injection of 10 mg kg-1. Tilmicosin was extensively secreted into milk, reaching a maximum concentration of 11.6 micrograms ml-1 and having a large AUCmilk/AUCserum ratio of approximately 12:1. Tilmicosin was detectable in milk for 11 days after a single subcutaneous dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramadan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006207:Half-Life; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000662:veterinary; D018942:Macrolides; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D015645:Tylosin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018942:Macrolides; C052319:tilmicosin; D015645:Tylosin