title: Free and total prostate-specific antigen in a screened population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the ratio of free to total (F/T) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can differentiate between men with prostate carcinoma or benign conditions in a screened population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total and free serum PSA (measured using Delfia PSA assays, Abbott IMx and Hybritech Tandem E methods) were determined retrospectively in 1726 men aged 55-77 years, in whom 67 prostate carcinomas were detected by screening with a digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasonography, and total serum PSA level. Predictors for a positive biopsy result were estimated as a function of total PSA, free PSA and the combination of both.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an excellent correlation between the Delfia ProStatus, the Abbott IMx and the Hybritech Tandem E assays. Compared with the total serum PSA level, the F/T ratio improved the specificity significantly only in those men with a total PSA of > or = 7 ng/mL. Using the information given by the total and free PSA values, a maximum sensitivity of 75% at a specificity of 74% was obtained for the whole PSA range from 4 to 10 ng/mL; the maximum sensitivity was 79% with a specificity of 71%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The optimal mathematical combination of free and total serum PSA improves the specificity of total serum PSA level in detecting prostate carcinoma more than the does the F/T PSA ratio.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Academic Hospital Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Bangma
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kranse
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Blijenberg
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Schröder
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen