title: Neutralizing antibodies to type 1 and 2 bovine viral diarrhea viruses: detection by inhibition of viral cytopathology and infectivity by immunoperoxidase assay.
abstract: Neutralizing antibodies to type 1 and 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains were measured by a microtiter virus neutralization test (MVNT) in cell culture. Antibodies (neutralizing) were detected by inhibition of viral infectivity, by the absence of viral cytopathology for cytopathic strains, or by immunoperoxidase staining for noncytopathic strains. The immunoperoxidase-stained monolayers could be detected without the aid of light microscopy. Twenty BVDV strains were used as challenge viruses in the in vitro MVNT, including 14 type 1 and 6 type 2 strains. Representative noncytopathic and cytopathic strains of both types were used. Positive control serum samples available for diagnostic testing contained both type 1 and type 2 BVDV antibodies. There did not appear to be major differences in antibody titers among the respective type strains, regardless of biotype (cytopathic or noncytopathic). In a study with sera from calves receiving a modified live virus or inactivated BVDV vaccine, the calves receiving type 1 strains responded with higher antibody titers to type 1 strains than to type 2 strains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Physiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078, USA. RFULTON@OKWAY.OKSTATE.EDU
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Fulton
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Saliki
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Burge
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: d'Offay
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bolin
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Maes
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Frey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002417:Cattle; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines