title: Eugenol protects neuronal cells from excitotoxic and oxidative injury in primary cortical cultures.
abstract: We examined the neuroprotective efficacy of eugenol against N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-, oxygen-glucose deprivation-, and xanthine/xanthine oxidase-induced neurotoxicity in primary murine cortical cultures. Eugenol (100-300 microM) attenuated NMDA (300 microM)-induced acute neurotoxicity by 20-60%. At the same concentration range, eugenol also inhibited NMDA (300 microM)-induced elevation in neuronal 45Ca2+ uptake by 10-30%. In the oxygen-glucose deprivation (50 min) neurotoxicity, eugenol (100-300 microM) prevented acute neuronal swelling and reduced neuronal death by 45-60% in a concentration-dependent fashion. Oxidative neuronal injury induced by xanthine/xanthine oxidase was also significantly reduced (75-90%) by eugenol (100- 300 microM) addition. These results suggest that eugenol may play a protective role against ischemic injury by modulating both NMDA receptor and superoxide radical.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Center, Samchundang Pharmaceutical Co., Chunchon, South Korea. mbwie@www.hallym.ac.kr
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Wie
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005054:Eugenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000633:toxicity*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009498:Neurotoxins; D005054:Eugenol; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase