title: A helix 1-extended hairpin ribozyme exhibits altered cleavage behavior in vitro.
abstract: The catalytic domain of a hairpin ribozyme was incorporated at the 3'-end of a 254-base antisense RNA directed against the RNA of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), generating a hairpin ribozyme with a largely extended helix 1. In parallel, a catalytic antisense RNA based on a hammerhead ribozyme was directed toward the same cleavage motif in the HIV-1 target. Both ribozymes were expected to create identical cleavage products. Cleavage analysis in vitro confirmed that the hammerhead ribozyme delivered the expected cleavage products. However, the helix 1-extended hairpin ribozyme catalyzed additional RNA cleavage at several unexpected sites, which were mapped. Some of the 3' cleavage products had other nucleotides than G at their 5'-terminus, indicating that the helix 1-extended hairpin ribozyme was able to cleave bonds other than NpG+1. Inspection of the sequence context of the different cleavage sites suggested that unconventional helices 2 in combination with an asymmetric loop A consisting of up to 32 unpaired nucleotides in the substrate strand were formed. A second variant of a helix 1-extended hairpin ribozyme that differed in two nucleotides gave consistent results.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moosbauer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tabler
mesh_terms: D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D016372:RNA, Antisense / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016337:RNA, Catalytic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016372:RNA, Antisense; D016337:RNA, Catalytic; D012367:RNA, Viral