title: Foreign body gingivitis: identification of the foreign material by energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis.
abstract: Foreign bodies identified in 61 cases of foreign body gingivitis were analyzed by energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis. This was compared with the energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis of 62 dental materials. Comparative analysis indicated most foreign bodies were of dental material origin, usually abrasives. It is suggested that they are factitially and iatrogenically introduced during a variety of self-administered and professionally performed dental hygiene and restorative procedures. Individual elements, and elements by class, were correlated with previously described clinical and microscopic features of the cases. There was no association between any microscopic or clinical attribute of FBG and the presence of allergenic or cytotoxic elements. It is postulated that the physical presence of foreign bodies may be sufficient for the development of foreign body gingivitis. Dentists should be aware of the potential for chronic tissue damage that can result from the unguarded use of abrasive material next to the gingiva.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. sgordon@julian.uwo.ca
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Daley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology*; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D003764:Dental Materials