title: Lipoprotein (a): its role in childhood thromboembolism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Elevated lipoprotein (a) [LP (a)] concentrations are independent risk factors of coronary heart disease or stroke in young adults. To clarify its role in childhood thromboembolism, Lp (a) was measured in 72 children with thromboembolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  In addition to Lp (a), defects of the protein C anticoagulant system, antithrombin, and antiphospholipid antibodies were investigated in children with arterial (n = 36) or venous (n = 36) thrombosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Enhanced Lp (a) >50 mg/dL was diagnosed in 8 out of 36 children with arterial and 5 out of 36 patients with venous thrombosis. Of the 72 children, 25 showed the factor V Leiden mutation, 10 showed protein C deficiency, 2 showed antithrombin deficiency, and 4 showed primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Three children with increased Lp (a) were heterozygous for the factor V Leiden mutation, and 1 girl showed additional protein C deficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data of this study indicate that increased concentrations of Lp (a) play an important role in childhood thrombosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nowak-Göttl
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Debus
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Findeisen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kassenböhmer
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pollmann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Postler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vielhaber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D020152:Antithrombin III Deficiency; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005165:Factor V / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood*; D009154:Mutation; D020151:Protein C Deficiency; D012307:Risk Factors; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); C095381:factor V Leiden; D005165:Factor V