Bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein B does not productively interact with cell surface heparan sulfate in a pseudorabies virion background.
Attachment to cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans is the first step in infection by several alphaherpesviruses. This interaction is primarily mediated by virion glycoprotein C (gC). In herpes simplex virus, in the absence of the nonessential gC, heparan sulfate binding is effected by glycoprotein B. In contrast, gC-negative pseudorabies virus (PrV) infects target cells via a heparan sulfate-independent mechanism, indicating that PrV virion gB does not productively interact with heparan sulfate. To assay whether a heterologous alphaherpesvirus gB protein will confer productive heparan sulfate binding on gC-negative PrV, gC was deleted from an infectious PrV recombinant, PrV-9112C2, which expresses bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) gB instead of PrV gB. Our data show that gC-negative PrV-BHV-1 gB recombinant 9112C2-delta gCbeta was not inhibited in infection by soluble heparin, in contrast to the gC-positive parental strain. Similar results were obtained when wild-type BHV-1 was compared with a gC-negative BHV-1 mutant. Moreover, infection of cells proficient or deficient in heparan sulfate biosynthesis occurred with equal efficiency by PrV-9112C2-delta gCbeta, whereas heparan sulfate-positive cells showed an approximately fivefold higher plating efficiency than heparan sulfate-negative cells with the parental gC-positive virus. In summary, our data show that in a PrV gC-negative virion background, BHV-1 gB is not able to mediate infection by productive interaction with heparan sulfate, and they indicate the same lack of heparin interaction for BHV-1 gB in gC-negative BHV-1.
Klupp
B G
BG
Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, Insel Riems, Germany.
Karger
A
A
Mettenleiter
T C
TC
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism*; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011558:Herpesvirus 1, Suid / Q000737:chemistry*; D014709:Vero Cells; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014764:Viral Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014771:Virion / Q000737:chemistry
D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins; C046998:bovine herpesvirus type-1 glycoproteins