title: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia complicated by central precocious puberty: linear growth during infancy and treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog.
abstract: Some children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) develop true precocious puberty with early maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. We have seen six such children who had the diagnosis of CAH with late initiation of corticosteroid treatment and/or poor compliance who developed central precocious puberty (CPP). These patients were treated with standard-dose hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone. Administration of depot leuprorelin (3.75 mg subcutaneously every 28 days) for 2 years or longer was effective in arresting the manifestations of puberty, decelerating the pretreatment growth velocity ([GV] 10.8 +/- 1.5 v3.65 +/- 0.95 cm/yr), increasing the predicted adult height ([PAHT] 147.5 +/- 7.8 v 153.4 +/- 8.3 cm), and decreasing the bone age to statural age ratio (1.26 +/- 0.13 v 1.16 +/- 0.09). Analysis of auxanological data during the first 2 years of life showed that linear growth was significantly accelerated and bone age was advanced in patients who developed CPP compared with 11 age-matched patients. It appears that proper glucocorticoid replacement to achieve adequate control of hyperandrogenemia during early life might prevent development of CPP in these patients. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) therapy can improve the final adult height, bringing it closer to that expected from the genetic potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: AlLamki
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: AlSalmi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asfour
mesh_terms: D000312:Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011627:Puberty / Q000187:drug effects; D011629:Puberty, Precocious / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D016729:Leuprolide