title: Postoperative analgesia with i.v. propacetamol and ketoprofen combination after disc surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The concept of balanced analgesia suggests that a combination of analgesic drugs may enhance analgesia and reduce side effects after surgery. This study evaluated the effect of the combination of propacetamol (Prodafalgan) and ketoprofen (Profenid) after surgery of a herniated disc of the lumbar spine.
  
  
  METHODS
  After randomization, 60 patients received: placebo (group 1); 2 g propacetamol (group 2); 50 mg ketoproten (group 3); or a combination of 2 g propacetamol and 50 mg ketoprofen (group 4). Drugs were administered every six hours for two days after surgery. The patients used morphine with patient controlled analgesia pumps (bolus 1 mg; lock out time 10 min) and were evaluated with a visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest and movement every six hours for two days. Side effects were noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient characteristics and surgery were identical for each of the four groups. The VAS scores throughout the study were lower in group 4 than in groups 1, 2 and 3 both at rest (P < 0.05) and on movement (P < 0.01). The cumulative dose of morphine at 48 hr was lower in group 4 than in group 1 (23.4 +/- 5 mg vs. 58.9 +/- 9 mg; P < 0.01) or group 2 (23.4 +/- 5 mg vs 43.4 +/- 6.6 mg; P < 0.05) and similar to that in group 3 (34.2 +/- 4.5 mg). The incidence of side effects was similar in all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of propacetamol and ketoprofen reduced pain scores both at rest and on movement. The drug combination did not reduce the morphine consumption and incidence of side effects.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nègre
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barbin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: François
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carreres
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falgueirettes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barboteu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Samii
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000082:Acetaminophen; C063776:propacetamol; D009020:Morphine; D007660:Ketoprofen