title: Acute renal failure in the 21st century: recommendations for management and outcomes assessment.
abstract: Acute renal failure (ARF) remains a common and potentially devastating disorder affecting as many of 5% of all hospitalized patients, with a higher prevalence in patients in critical care units. ARF is more frequently observed in the setting of multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and in elderly patients with complex disease, where mortality is high. Numerous technical advances have not yet impacted favorably on this high mortality rate. This report summarizes recommendations from participants at the National Institutes of Health Conference: "Acute Renal Failure in the 21st Century," May 6 to 8, 1996, in Bethesda, MD. The focus is on categorizing recent clinically relevant developments in the field and on identification of new research initiatives to transfer a new body of knowledge derived from fundamental studies and laboratory investigation to the management of ARF in the new millennium. The development of a multicenter database through cooperative multicenter studies is advocated. Future studies should define the appropriate outcome measures to assess and emphasize the impact of hemodynamic monitoring, adjunctive agents, and adequacy and modality of renal replacement therapy on outcomes in ARF.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: DuBose
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Warnock
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Bonventre
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hammerman
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Molitoris
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Paller
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scherbenske
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Striker
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000639:trends*; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends