title: Epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in Haemophilus influenzae.
abstract: During the last 10 years, a continuous increase in the incidence of beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae has been observed; in addition, beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant strains are better identified and more frequently isolated. During the same period, resistance to tetracyclines and chloramphenicol decreased to a very low level. The incidence of resistant bacteria is highly variable according to the site of infection, patient's age, type of Haemophilus, and country or region, according to local epidemiological factors. Follow-up multicenter studies are needed to monitor the evolution of resistance to these antibiotics and also emergence and spread of resistance to other antibiotics, such as new fluoroquinolones, new beta-lactams, and new macrolides.
authors.affiliation: Fondation Hôpital Saint-Joseph, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Médicale, Paris, France.
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Acar
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents