title: Loss of cytoskeletal support is not sufficient for anoxic plasma membrane disruption in renal cells.
abstract: The goal of this study was to determine whether anoxic membrane disruption is initiated by loss of cytoskeletal support in rabbit renal proximal tubules (PT). We specifically tested 1) whether cytoskeletal perturbation affects membrane integrity under normoxia, 2) whether cytoskeletal perturbation potentiates anoxic membrane damage, and 3) whether the membrane protection by glycine depends on cytoskeletal integrity. Cytoskeletal perturbation was achieved with 10 microM cytochalasin D (CD) because it selectively disturbs F-actin organization and has similar effects as anoxia on the cytoskeleton of PT. During normoxia, CD caused decreased basal F-actin content, microvillar breakdown, and membrane-cytoskeleton dissociation, as revealed by the use of laser tweezers. However, membrane integrity was not altered by CD, as monitored by lactate dehydrogenase release. CD pretreatment of PT did not potentiate anoxic membrane damage. Finally, plasma membrane protection by glycine during anoxia remained in CD-pretreated PT despite loss of cytoskeletal support. These results demonstrate that loss of cytoskeletal support is not sufficient for anoxic plasma membrane disruption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Doctor
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Sheetz
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Mandel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D015638:Cytochalasin D / Q000494:pharmacology; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology*; D003911:Dextrans / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005998:Glycine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; D015638:Cytochalasin D; D005998:Glycine