title: Tolerance of human fetal retinal pigment epithelium xenografts in monkey retina.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  RPE transplantation offers the possibility of treating certain forms of retinal degeneration. Understanding how to optimize the surgical technique for performing RPE transplantation, especially in primates, is therefore of considerable interest.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patch RPE transplants were performed in six monkeys. The transplant sites were examined at follow-up by ophthalmoscopy, biomicroscopy, fluorescein angiography and histology. Foveal and peripheral retinal transplants were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Human fetal RPE xenografts can survive without rejection for at least 6 months after transplantation in monkey retina. Such grafts form a basal lamina and make intimate contacts with the outer segments of the host. Both rods and cones retain a normal appearance when in contact with unrejected transplants. Rejection occurred in only 30% (3/10) of the peripheral but in 60% (3/5) of the foveal transplants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cultured human fetal RPE patch transplants can survive and maintain local photoreceptor integrity for relatively long periods of time in monkey subretinal space without immunosuppression. Rejection, when it occurs, is more frequent near the fovea.
authors.affiliation: St. Eriks Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berglin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gouras
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lavid
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kjeldbye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D005865:Gestational Age; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology; D000882:Haplorhini; D006801:Humans; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000637:transplantation*; D012160:Retina / Q000601:surgery* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous