title: Enterococcus faecium strains with vanA-mediated high-level glycopeptide resistance isolated from animal foodstuffs and fecal samples of humans in the community.
abstract: The occurrence and the further spread of high-level glycopeptide-resistant, vanA-positive Enterococcus faecium strains outside of hospitals have been investigated. We could isolate such bacteria directly from thawing liquids of commercially produced frozen poultry (chickens, turkeys; no further data on previous feeding with avoparcin were available). In 5 of 13 samples of raw minced meat of pigs originating from 13 different butcher's shops, glycopeptide-resistant E. faecium (VanA type) could be detected after overnight broth cultivation of these samples. No glycopeptide-resistant enterococci could be isolated from meat samples of chickens that were fed without avoparcin. VanA type E. faecium strains were also identified in 12 fecal samples recovered from 100 nonhospitalized humans in the rural area of Saxony-Anhalt federal county. These results suggest a possible role of the food chain in the spread of glycopeptide-resistant E. faecium. Molecular typing (macrorestriction and multilocus enzyme analysis) reveal a wide dissemination of the vanA gene among strains of different ecological origins.
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode Branch, Germany.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Klare
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heier
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Claus
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Böhme
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Seltmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hakenbeck
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Antanassova
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Witte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D019729:Carbon-Oxygen Ligases; D002645:Chickens; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005858:Germany; D006020:Glycopeptides; D006801:Humans; D008025:Ligases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D008460:Meat; D008461:Meat Products; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013552:Swine; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006020:Glycopeptides; C071437:VanA ligase, Bacteria; D008025:Ligases; D019729:Carbon-Oxygen Ligases