title: Galanin, galantide and galanin (1-14)-[alpha-aminobutyric acid8]-scyliorhinin-I: structure dependent effects on the rat isolated gastric fundus.
abstract: The study was undertaken using selected pharmacodynamic parameters to describe the effects of porcine galanin(1-29)-NH2; porcine galanin fragments; galantide; porcine galanin(1-14)-[alpha-aminobutyric acid8]scyliorhinin-I and the analogues of the latter peptides on rat isolated gastric fundus muscle. All tested peptides, apart from galanin(16-29)-NH2 evoked reproducible concentration-dependent contractions with significantly decreased activities in comparison to the potency of the native galanin(1-29)-NH2 molecule. The order of the contractile ability in the group of galanin(1-29)-NH2 short fragments was as follows: [lysine14]galanin(1-15)-NH2 > galanin(1-15)-OH > galanin(1-15)-NH2 > [glycine5] galanin(1-15)-NH2 > galanin(2-15)-NH2 > [glycine5,lysine14]galanin(1-15)-NH2. Aside from [lysine14]galanin(1-15)-NH2 which had a lower efficacy, none of the peptides showed significant changes in this respect in comparison to the intact galanin(1-29)-NH2 molecule. The concentration-response curves of the tested peptides were to the right and their slopes besides from: galanin(1-15)-OH; galanin(2-15)-NH2; [glycine5]galanin(1-15)-NH2 remained not significantly different from galanin(1-29)-NH2. Hill's coefficient for galanin(1-29)-NH2 is 1.03 indicating an interaction of one galanin(1-29)-NH2 molecule with one receptor, fulfilling criteria of classical receptor theory. For galanin fragments Hill's coefficients are < 1 implying that the rules of classical theory may not apply. Galantide and analogues exhibited a subsequent decrease in potency: [cycloleucine4] galantide > galantide > [homoserine6]galantide > [phenylalnine(4fluor)17] galantide. Galanin(1-14)-[alpha-aminobutyric acid8]-scyliorhinin-I and its analogues contracted the gastric fundus with a decline in strength: galanin(1-13)-[norleucine10]-scyliorhinin-I(3-10) > galanin(1-13)-[phenylalanine(4fluor)7]-scyliorhinin-I > galanin(1-14)-[alpha-aminobutyric acid8]-scyliorhinin-I > galanin(1-13)-[alpha-aminobutyric acid8, norleucine10]-scyliorhinin-I(3-10). They all displayed a greater efficacy than galanin(1-29)-NH2, and the concentration-response curves were slightly to the right, almost parallel to that of galanin(1-29)-NH2. Slopes of the curves were not significantly different from galanin(1-29)-NH2. Hill's coefficient for the galantide, [cycloleucine4]galantide; [homoserine6]galantide; [phenylalanine(4fluor)17]galantide and galanin(1-13)-[phenylalanine(4fluor)7]-scyliorhinin-I are < 1. Hill's coefficients for galanin(1-13)-[norleucine10]-scyliorhinin-I(3-10); galanin(1-14)-[alpha-aminobutyric acid8]-scyliorhinin-I; galanin(1-14)-[alpha-aminobutyric acid8, norleucine10]-scyliorhinin-I(3-10) are > 1. A Hill's coefficient markedly different from 1 might indicate that an activation of more than one type of receptors, negative or positive receptor cooperativity or multiple-step agonist-receptor reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Korolkiewicz
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sliwiński
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rekowski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Halama-Borowiec
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mucha
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szczurowicz
authors.forename: K Z
authors.initials: KZ
authors.lastname: Korolkiewicz
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002845:Chromatography; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D019004:Galanin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005748:Gastric Fundus / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013373:Substance P / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C103759:galanin(1-14)-(aminobutyrate)SCY-I; C074975:galantide; D013373:Substance P; D019004:Galanin