Role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide-endothelin balance in contrast medium-induced acute renal vasoconstriction in dogs.
OBJECTIVE
The authors evaluated the involvement of nitric oxide and endothelin in radiographic contrast medium-induced changes in renal hemodynamics.


METHODS
Eleven anesthetized healthy dogs were each studied during three periods. Thirty minutes before the first, second, and third periods, the dogs received 1 mL per kilogram of body weight of isotonic saline, L-N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-Name, 10 mg/kg intravenously), and L-arginine (500 mg/ kg intravenously), respectively. Renal blood flow (RBF) and mean arterial blood pressure were continuously monitored. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was evaluated by means of polyfructosan clearance.


RESULTS
Contrast medium induced a significant (P < .05) decrease in RBF and GFR and a significant (P < .05) increase in urinary endothelin excretion. L-Name enhanced the effect of contrast media on RBF and GFR. L-arginine attenuated the effect of L-Name on the contrast medium-induced reduction of GFR.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings support the hypothesis that acute contrast medium-induced intrarenal vasoconstriction may involve an imbalance of endothelial vasoactive agents, nitric oxide, and endothelin, and they confirm the involvement of hemodynamic changes in contrast medium-induced nephropathy.
Bagnis
C
C
Nephrology Department, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Idee
J M
JM
Dubois
M
M
Jacquiaud
C
C
Maistre
G
G
Jacobs
C
C
Deray
G
G
D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D016232:Endothelins / Q000502:physiology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
D003287:Contrast Media; D016232:Endothelins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester