title: Lower respiratory rates without decreases in oxygen consumption during neonatal synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested the hypothesis that synchronization to patient effort during intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV), when compared to conventional unsynchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), will decrease energy expenditure, as reflected by decreased oxygen consumption (VO2).
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a four-period crossover design. Each patient was studied over four 30-min continuous time intervals. Patients were randomized to receive initially IMV or SIMV, then crossed over such that each patient was treated twice with each modality. Data were analyzed using an analysis of variance technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were receiving treatment in the newborn intensive care unit of Children's Hospital, St. Paul.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 17 patients, who ranged from 23 to 37 weeks gestation, were < or = 14 days old, and had study weights from 623 to 3015 g. All were mechanically ventilated for hyaline membrane disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We measured and compared VO2, carbon dioxide consumption (VCO2), minute ventilation (VE), total respiratory rate, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) values during IMV and SIMV. Total respiratory rate fell significantly during SIMV (73 +/- 26 during IMV, 57 +/- 17 during SIMV, p < 0.01) in spite of no significant change in VO2 (0.6 +/- 0.16% fall in VO2 during SIMV) or VCO2 (4.2 +/- 0.19% increase in VCO2 during SIMV) values. Moreover, there were no significant differences in heart rate, blood pressure, VE, or SaO2 values with either form of therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Though total respiratory rate fell, these data do not support the hypothesis that SIMV significantly reduces respiratory rate by decreasing oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production during infant mechanical ventilation. Rather, the marked fall in respiratory rate may be due to a more efficient respiratory pattern.
authors.affiliation: Infant Diagnostic and Research Center, Children's Hospital of St. Paul, MN 55102, USA.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wahlig
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bing
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Georgieff
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Boros
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mammel
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D006819:Hyaline Membrane Disease / Q000628:therapy; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010358:Patient Participation; D012119:Respiration / Q000502:physiology*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors