title: New approaches in the treatment of metastatic transitional-cell cancer of the bladder.
abstract: In recent years, chemotherapy of metastatic transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder has advanced from the use of individual therapeutic agents, which has effected only rare responses, to the development of multi-agent regimens, which have greatly improved both partial and complete response rates, resulting in improved local care, palliation, and; perhaps, survival. However, because of the limited duration of response, frequent recurrences, and the significant proportion of patients with refractory disease, there have been only modest overall gains in long-term disease-free survival. These shortcomings have prompted investigation of alternative approaches to current combination chemotherapy regimens, including the use of hematopoietic growth factors and novel single-agent, multi-agent, and gene therapy protocols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Corral
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Logothetis
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D016298:Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000379:methods*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy*; D014572:Urology / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D016298:Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins