title: Temperature rise recorded during lesion formation by high-intensity focused ultrasound.
abstract: Temperature rise was observed as a function of time in liver and dog prostate tissue ex vivo during heating with high-intensity focused ultrasound. The temperature rise was measured using a needle thermocouple placed at the focus. The temperature vs. time behaviour closely followed the predictions of a model based on bulk and surface heating. When the tissue temperature was raised above 50 degrees C, an increase in heating rate was seen. At higher temperatures, a point was reached at which a marked, irreversible change of tissue properties was observed, consistent with protein denaturation. The change was sometimes accompanied by a sudden further rise in temperature followed by an equally sudden fall. On dissection, regions of tissue damage (lesions) were seen, sometimes containing bubbles consistent with acoustic cavitation or vaporisation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: ter Haar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004285:Dogs; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012756:Sheep; D013552:Swine; D013696:Temperature; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy