title: Anemia associated with advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma: effects of recombinant human erythropoietin.
abstract: METHODS
  Nine patients with hormone-refractory metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma and anemia were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) at a median dose of 150 U/kg BW 3 times a week subcutaneously. Baseline hemoglobin (Hb) ranged from 70 to 116 g/L, and the study duration was 12 weeks (median patient participation period was 8 weeks).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four patients demonstrated a median Hb increase of 20 g/L and were considered responders. Three patients showed a median increase of 17 g/L but required blood transfusion once, and were therefore considered as partial responders. Baseline erythropoietic status showed a significant correlation between serum Epo and Hb. Inadequate Epo production, evaluated by the observed/predicted log Epo ratio, was found in two patients. Defective bone marrow activity, demonstrated by low transferrin receptor (TfR), and hypoferremia in spite of abundant iron stores were also shown. Hemorheological investigations showed elevated plasma viscosity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that suppression of erythropoiesis can be mainly explained by the depressed marrow activity. The altered hemorheology might contribute to the anemia. This anemia could possibly be corrected with rHuEpo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beshara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Letocha
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Linde
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wikström
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sandhagen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Danielson
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications*; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D001809:Blood Viscosity; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000503:physiopathology; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014168:Transferrin; D004921:Erythropoietin; D007501:Iron