The manganese superoxide dismutase gene of Drosophila: structure, expression, and evidence for regulation by MAP kinase.
The gene encoding manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) from Drosophila melanogaster has been isolated and its expression has been studied. In contrast to several mammalian MnSOD genes, the Drosophila gene contains a single intron and is transcribed into a single 0.8-kb transcript. Whole-mount in situ hybridization reveals extensive transcript accumulation in ovarian nurse cells and a heavy maternal contribution to the early embryo. Larval imaginal discs are enriched with MnSOD transcripts relative to other larval tissues, further suggesting a possible relationship between high MnSOD expression and mitotic activity. The 5'-upstream region contains several well-known regulatory elements including metal response, antioxidant response, and xenobiotic response elements (MRE, ARE, and XRE, respectively), sites for activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate regulator binding element factor (CREB), as well as classic TATA and CAAT boxes. That MnSOD expression in Drosophila is regulated in part by the transcription factor AP-1 via the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway is suggested by experiments which show that a hypomorphic mutation of the MAP kinase-encoding rolled gene substantially reduces levels of MnSOD transcripts and correlates with reduced resistance to oxidative stress in rolled mutants.
Duttaroy
A
A
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Parkes
T
T
Emtage
P
P
Kirby
K
K
Boulianne
G L
GL
Wang
X
X
Hilliker
A J
AJ
Phillips
J P
JP
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D017344:Genes, Insect; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010269:Paraquat / Q000494:pharmacology; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics*; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; C086795:rl protein, Drosophila; D010269:Paraquat