title: Combined treatment with C1 esterase inhibitor and antithrombin III improves survival in severe acute experimental pancreatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with severe acute pancreatitis die of complications closely related to the systemic activation of protease cascades.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of human C1 esterase inhibitor (C1 INH) and antithrombin III (AT III) on two experimental models of acute pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oedematous pancreatitis was induced by continuous intravenous infusion of caerulein and haemorrhagic pancreatitis by retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct. C1 INH and AT III were given intravenously, either before or after the induction of pancreatitis. Treatment with C1 INH and AT III had no beneficial effect on oedematous pancreatitis. On the other hand, combined C1 INH and AT III therapy improved the survival in haemorrhagic pancreatitis compared with treatment with human serum albumin. This reduction in mortality was found regardless of whether the treatment was given prophylactically or therapeutically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with C1 INH and AT III represents a promising therapeutic concept for patients with severe haemorrhagic pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weidenbach
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lührs
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lerch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dickneite
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adler
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002108:Ceruletide; D003174:Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003174:Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D019344:Lactic Acid; D002108:Ceruletide; D000990:Antithrombin III; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D000681:Amylases