title: Transscleral ciliary body photodynamic therapy using phthalocyanine and a diode laser: functional and morphologic implications in albino rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the morphologic and functional effects of ciliary body photodynamic therapy (PDT) using phthalocyanine and a diode laser.
  
  
  METHODS
  The upper half of the left eye ciliary body of 16 albino rabbits was irradiated transsclerally using a 670-nm diode laser (400 mW/cm2) after intravenous injection of phthalocyanine (6 mg/kg). The animals were observed for a maximum of 2 months by means of tonometry, biomicroscopy, and fundus examination. At the end of the follow-up period, they were killed and their eyes were prepared for light and electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transscleral PDT resulted in intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in the treated eye, which lasted about 2 weeks. During this time, the treated eye had IOP values that were significantly lower than its baseline IOP values and the IOP values of the untreated eye (P < .05). One month after the procedure, the IOP had returned to baseline values. Histologic examination revealed vascular endothelial cell damage causing vascular thrombosis in the treated areas. The architecture of the two ciliary epithelium layers showed a significant abnormality. Disappearance of epithelial apical junction complexes and loss of the normal b-cytomembrane enfolding were observed in the course of electron microscopic examination. Large intercellular spaces between epithelial cells were noticed. All of these changes had subsided by the end of the second postoperative month.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transscleral phthalocyanine-mediated PDT with the parameters used in this experiment results in significant but temporary functional and morphologic alterations in the ciliary bodies of albino rabbits.
authors.affiliation: Vardinoyannion Eye Institute of Crete, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Health Sciences, University of Crete, Greece.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Tsilimbaris
authors.forename: I I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Naoumidi
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Naoumidis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Pallikaris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D054833:Isoindoles; D053685:Laser Therapy; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D012590:Sclera / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D054833:Isoindoles; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; C013647:phthalocyanine