title: Zinc toxicity following massive coin ingestion.
abstract: This is the first reported case of human fatality associated with zinc intoxication following a massive ingestion of coins. Four hundred and sixty-one coins were removed form the gastrointestinal tract of a schizophrenic patient during the course of hospitalization. Many of the post-1981 pennies, which consist primarily of zinc, showed severe corrosion due to their prolonged contact with acidic gastric juice. The patient presented with clinical manifestations consistent with the local corrosive as well as systemic effects of zinc intoxication and died 40 days after admission with multi-system organ failure. Tissue samples of the kidneys, pancreas, and liver obtained at autopsy revealed acute tubular necrosis, mild fibrosis, and acute massive necrosis, respectively, and contained high levels of zinc. The overall effects of zinc intoxication on the various organ systems, possible hematological derangement, and the impairment of copper absorption as well as the outcome with treatment are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center 90033, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Crookes
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Bremner
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gottlieb
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Naritoku
mesh_terms: D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004064:Digestive System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009717:Numismatics; D010179:Pancreas / Q000737:chemistry; D011859:Radiography; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications; D013154:Spleen / Q000737:chemistry; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D003300:Copper; D000637:Transaminases; D015032:Zinc; D001663:Bilirubin