title: Blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system prevents growth hormone-induced fluid retention in humans.
abstract: To test if the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is involved in growth hormone (GH)-associated fluid retention, we examined the effect of GH administration in the presence or absence of RAAS blockade at different levels on body fluid homeostasis. Eight subjects were examined in a controlled, randomized double-blinded trial. During four 6-day periods they received subcutaneous GH (6 IU-m-2) or placebo injections and tablets as follows: 1) placebo and placebo, 2) GH and placebo, 3) GH and captopril, and 4) GH and spironolactone. GH increased extracellular volume (liters; placebo 18.87 +/- 0.85; GH + placebo 20.43 +/- 1.01) but this effect was abolished by captopril (GH + captopril 18.82 +/- 0.67) and spironolactone (GH + spironolactone 18.99 +/- 0.85). Correspondingly, the GH-induced reduction in bioimpedance was blocked by captopril and spironolactone. Plasma renin and angiotensin II concentrations increased during all three GH treatment regimens, whereas plasma aldosterone was increased only after GH plus spironolactone. The data demonstrate that GH activates the RAAS and that blockade of the RAAS by two separate mechanisms prevents fluid retention normally encountered after GH exposure. These observations suggest that the RAAS plays a key role in GH-induced regulation of fluid homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Medical Department M (Endocrinology and Diabetes), University Hospital of Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frandsen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wolthers
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Christiansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006706:Homeostasis; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000502:physiology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D012964:Sodium