title: Somatic mutation of the tuberous sclerosis (Tsc2) tumor suppressor gene in chemically induced rat renal carcinoma cell.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene mutations are detected in noninherited, sporadic human renal cell carcinomas (RCs) at a high frequency. We recently identified a germline mutation in the rat homologue of the human tuberous sclerosis (TSC2) predisposing RC gene in the Eker rat model, and in this study we searched for mutations of the Tsc2 gene in chemically induced non-Eker rat RCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chemically [N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine (EHEN)]-induced non-Eker rat RC lines (designated as BP13 and BP36B) were subjected to PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis using specific primers covering entire exons of Tsc2 gene (41 coding exons and one non-coding exon). We simultaneously searched for mutations of Vhl gene, a rat homologue of von Hippel-Lindau disease gene (VHL) as well as Tsc2 gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BP36B showed an abnormal mobility shift from the normal tissue of the same rat in exon 35 on analysis by PCR-SSCP. This mutation was confirmed by direct sequencing and found to be a T-to-C transition at the second position of codon 1470, resulting in an amino acid change from leucine to proline (missense mutation).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first demonstration of Tsc2 gene somatic mutation in non-Eker rat RCs. Our present findings call attention to further investigation of the role of Tsc2 gene mutations in rat renal carcinogenesis and possible Tsc2 gene mutations in human RCs, especially of the non-clear cell type, which are not related to the VHL gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pathology, Cancer Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urakami
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tokuzen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igawa
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000235:genetics*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D008025:Ligases; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000077005:Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D011506:Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C000624653:TSC2 protein, human; C000624655:Tsc2 protein, rat; D000077005:Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C023845:N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein; D008025:Ligases