title: p53 protein immunoexpression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adjacent epithelium.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Immunoreactivity for p53 tumor suppressor gene product is commonly found in human malignancies and some premalignant lesions, but its role in cancer development and its value as a marker of tumor biologic behavior is still unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to assess p53 immunoexpression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and attempts to determine its correlation with morphological features associated with tumor behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical study was performed on archival paraffin-embedded tissue of 37 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and respective adjacent mucosa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one tumors (56.8%) demonstrated specific staining for p53. Sixteen areas of dysplasia were present in 14 out of the 35 cases. p53 positivity was found in one low-grade dysplasia and in six high-grade dysplasias. By univariate analysis, p53 immunoexpression correlated positively with local invasion (P = 0.01) and perineural spread (P = 0.04). Multivariate analysis with logistic regression showed that tumor invasion was the only factor that discriminated between p53 positive and p53 negative cases (OR: 15.6, P < 0.02). No relationship was found between p53 expression and tumor grade, DNA nuclear ploidy, and S-phase fraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that p53 dysfunction may be implicated in early, preinvasive, stages of esophageal cancer as well as in the tumor progression related to a more invasive phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Lisbon Cancer Center, Portugal.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Queimado
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gloria
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Mira
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soares
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53