title: Skin reactions and irritation potential of four commercial toothpastes.
abstract: Skin reactions to 4 toothpastes were tested in 19 healthy dental students in a double-blind study. The hypothesis was that common toothpaste brands with and without sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and triclosan and with different additives/emulgators differ in irritation potential. An occlusion test system on human skin was used. The toothpastes tested were A) Zendium (non-ionic detergent), B) Solidox F (SLS/polyethylene glycol), C) Colgate Total (triclosan/copolymer/SLS/propylene glycol), and D) Solidox G (triclosan/zinc citrate/SLS/polyethylene glycol). Toothpaste C was the greatest irritant, causing skin erythema in 16 of the 19 subjects, whereas toothpaste D gave no reactions. Toothpaste B provoked three reactions (two severe), whereas toothpaste A caused only one mild reaction. Although this study was carried out on skin and hence not directly applicable to the oral cavity, these and previous results may indicate that a toothpaste without propylene glycol and SLS may be preferred by susceptible persons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skaare
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kjaerheim
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barkvoll
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rølla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000009:adverse effects; D002951:Citrates / Q000009:adverse effects; D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000209:etiology*; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004890:Erythema / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007509:Irritants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000009:adverse effects; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects*; D012882:Skin Tests; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000009:adverse effects; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014260:Triclosan / Q000009:adverse effects; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002951:Citrates; D007509:Irritants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014100:Toothpastes; D017967:Zinc Compounds; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D014260:Triclosan