title: The degradability characteristics of fifty-four roughages and roughage neutral-detergent fibres as described by in vitro gas production and their relationship to voluntary feed intake.
abstract: Fifty-four roughages of known voluntary dry-matter intakes (DMI; range 7.8-35.2 g/kg live weight per d) were examined in vitro in a gas production test. Samples (200 mg) of roughage and roughage neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) respectively were incubated in a mixed suspension of rumen contents for 96 h and the gas volumes recorded after 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 30, 36, 48, 54, 60 and 96 h. The kinetics of gas production were derived from the volume recordings described by the exponential equation Y = A + B(l-e-ct) where A is the intercept and ideally reflects the fermentation of the soluble and readily available fraction of the feed, B describes the fermentation of the insoluble (but with time fermentable) fraction and c the fractional rate at which B is fermented per h; A + B describes total fermentation. In vitro true dry matter (TD) and NDF degradabilities (NDF-D) after 24 h incubation were also determined. Of the variation in DMI, 75% was accounted for by the in vitro gas production parameters A, B and c in stepwise multiple regressions; 82% of the variation in DMI was explained by the parameters (ANDF + BNDF) and cNDF as obtained from the incubation of roughage NDF. The rate constants (c) were less important than parameters related to the extent of gas production, accounting for only 6.5 (whole roughage) and 4.1% (NDF) of the variation in DMI. There was no statistical advantage in the use of the exponential model describing extent and rate of fermentation over some of the simple gas volume measurements: 75% of the variation in DMI was accounted for by in vitro gas production of whole roughage after 8 h of incubation. On average gas production from NDF measured from 24-96 h accounted for 81% of the variation in DMI. A combination of gas volume measurements after a short period of incubation (4-8 h) with a concomitant determination of NDF-D after many hours (> or = 24 h) can render NDF preparations and long incubation times redundant. A method is suggested to obtain two results for DMI prediction in one single incubation. Of the variation in DMI 80% was accounted for by the incubation of 500 mg whole roughage when incubation was terminated after 24 h and the residual undegraded substrate quantified.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blümmel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D004435:Eating; D002523:Edible Grain; D007887:Fabaceae; D005740:Gases; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005740:Gases