title: A treatment for tardive dyskinesia and some other extrapyramidal symptoms.
abstract: The effects of the administration of acetazolamide and thiamine (A + T) on the symptoms of tardive dyskinesia (TD) and parkinsonism of 8 elderly and 25 younger chronic hospitalized mental patients were examined in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, counterbalanced two-period cross-over study with initial baselines and intervening washout periods. All patients were maintained on their prestudy psychoactive and anti-Parkinson medications, without alteration, throughout the study. The elderly group received 1.5 g acetazolamide and thiamine per day in three divided doses for 3 weeks. The younger group received 1.5 g thiamine and 2.0 g acetazolamide per day in divided doses for 2 months. Both groups showed a significant decrease in scores on the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (TD) and the Simpson-Angus Neurological Rating Scale (parkinsonism) while on A + T. The A + T effects were unrelated to age, gender, diagnosis, or maintenance medications.
authors.affiliation: Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cowen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Bertollo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abbott
mesh_terms: D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D013831:Thiamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D000086:Acetazolamide; D013831:Thiamine