title: Role of conserved histidines in catalytic activity and inhibitor binding of human recombinant phosphodiesterase 4A.
abstract: To identify critical amino acids within the central conserved region of recombinant human cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 4 subtype A (rhPDE4A), we engineered the expression of point mutants in a fully active rhPDE4A/Met201-886. When histidine residues at positions 433, 437, 473, and 477, which are highly conserved among all PDE families, were changed independently to serine residues, cAMP hydrolyzing activities were substantially reduced or abolished. The ability of these mutants to bind prototypical PDE4 inhibitors [3H]-(R)-rolipram or [3H]RP 73401 was also decreased in parallel with the loss of catalytic activity. The parallel loss of catalytic activity and inhibitor binding suggests that these changes resulted from non-localized perturbations in the structure of the enzyme. More interesting results were obtained when histidine residues at positions 505 and 506 were changed independently to aspar agines. The K(m) value for cAMP increased 3-fold in H505N (K(m) = 11 +/- 3 microM) and 11-fold in H506N (K(m) = 44 +/- 6 microM) compared with the wild-type protein (K(m) = 4 +/- 1 microM). These mutant proteins bound [3H]-(R)-rolipram and [3H]RP 73401 with K(d) values of 1.8 +/- 0.4 and 0.3 +/- 0.1 nM, respectively, for H505N, and 3.9 +/- 0.9 and 0.5 +/- 0.1 nM, respectively, for H506N. These values are nearly identical to those obtained with the wild-type rhPDE4A/Met201-886. In contrast, the IC50 values for cAMP competition with either [3H]-(R)-rolipram or [3H]RP 73401 binding increased approximately 2-fold in H505N and approximately 13-fold in H506N compared with the wild type protein. These increases are virtually identical to the changes in the K(m) value for cAMP in these mutants. We conclude that His506 and, perhaps, His505 are involved in binding of cAMP to PDE4A/Met201-886 but not in binding of PDE4-selective inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Pharmacology, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacobitz
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Livi
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: DeWolf
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Torphy
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites; D002384:Catalysis; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D006639:Histidine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006639:Histidine; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; C517355:PDE4A protein, human