title: Relationship between cognitive style and defensive style.
abstract: This study examines psychoanalytic psychology, theories of cognitive style, and cognitive developmental psychology to examine the relationship between cognitive style and defensive style. A new set of cognitive styles of visual attention is formulated at the following developmental levels: (1) global, (2) local, (3) global-plus-local at the concrete operational level, and (4) global-plus-local at the formal operational level, 50 subjects were administered global-local sorting tasks, the Sentence Preference Test, the Embedded Figures Test, and the Defense Style Questionnaire. Analysis provided mixed support for the hypothesized cognition-defense relationship. Results suggested that the "pure" character types are not typical and that their styles of cognition and defense are positively correlated, not independent as expected. However, possible measurement problems preclude any firm conclusions at this time.
authors.affiliation: Long Island University, USA.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Westreich
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ritzler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duncan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D009949:Orientation; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011574:Psychoanalytic Theory