title: Differentiation-induced changes in the content, secretion, and subcellular distribution of lysosomal cathepsins in the human colon cancer HT-29 cell line.
abstract: Enterocyte-like differentiated HT-29 colon carcinoma cells were shown to contain far higher intracellular levels of activity of lysosomal cathepsins B, D, and L than their undifferentiated counterparts. In the latter, inhibition of lysosomal functions by leupeptin or ammonium chloride led to a marked increase in the cell-associated activity of the three cathepsins. High levels of pro-cathepsins B, D, and L were found in the culture media of both HT-29 cell populations. Ammonium chloride and chloroquine, which are known to impair the mannose-6-phosphate-dependent trafficking of lysosomal-targeted proteins, did not increase the secretion of the three cathepsins in either undifferentiated or differentiated cultures of HT-29 cells. Analyses by cell fractionation revealed heterogeneities with regard to the density and the content of lysosomal cathepsins between the two cell populations. Leupeptin induced the accumulation of mature lysosomal cathepsins B and L in light density organelles in undifferentiated HT-29 cells. Altogether, these data demonstrate that (1) the expression and subcellular distribution of cathepsins B, D, and L in HT-29 cells are influenced by their state of enterocytic differentiation, (2) the segregation of lysosomal cathepsins is largely inefficient in this tumor cell line and does not increase upon differentiation, and (3) the mannose-6-phosphate-receptor-dependent pathway plays a minor role in the sorting of the three cathepsins, both in undifferentiated and enterocytic-differentiated HT-29 cells.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina ed Oncologia Sperimentale, Sezione Patologia Generale, Corso Raffaello 30-10125, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Stefanis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Démoz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dragonetti
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Houri
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ogier-Denis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Codogno
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Baccino
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Isidoro
mesh_terms: D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D002401:Cathepsin B / Q000378:metabolism; D002402:Cathepsin D / Q000378:metabolism; D056668:Cathepsin L; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D003106:Colon / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010450:Endopeptidases; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008360:Mannosephosphates / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D007976:Leupeptins; D008360:Mannosephosphates; D000643:Ammonium Chloride; C027693:mannose-6-phosphate; D002403:Cathepsins; D010450:Endopeptidases; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D002401:Cathepsin B; C534281:CTSL protein, human; D056668:Cathepsin L; D002402:Cathepsin D; C032854:leupeptin