title: Superficial hemangiomas: associations and management.
abstract: The vast majority of hemangiomas, the most common skin tumor of infancy, are small lesions, easily recognized by their clinical features, and left to involute spontaneously. Hemangiomas also grow in a number of visceral locations, although rarely. In addition, associated malformations are reported. We analyzed 175 cases of severe superficial hemangiomas that represented approximately 10% of all hemangiomas evaluated from 1980 to 1995. In this particular group of severe hemangiomas, with marked female preponderance (6.6:1), symptomatic visceral hemangiomas were present in 20 of 175 patients (11.4%) and associated malformations were present in 12 patients (6.9%), with both present in 4 patients. We describe these associations and discuss which hemangiomas required active treatment and which therapeutic modalities can be used. Progress has been made in the management of problem hemangiomas.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Tarnier-CHU Cochin, Department of Dermatology of Pr JP Escande, Paris, France.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Enjolras
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gelbert
mesh_terms: D000013:Congenital Abnormalities; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy