title: Treatment for intracranial dural arteriovenous malformations: a meta-analysis from the English language literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous malformations (DAVMs) remains problematic. Options include ligature of feeding vessels, endovascular procedures, surgical obliteration, or a combination of the latter two. We conducted a meta-analysis of the English language literature on DAVMs to determine the most effective treatment option related to location and angiographic characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  The criteria for inclusion were pre- and post-treatment angiography, a description of the type of treatment, and clinical outcome. The analysis included a total of 258 patients, 248 from a review of 223 published articles and 10 from the authors' series. DAVMs were divided into six categories by location, and the results of treatment were compared based on obliteration rates using chi 2 analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVMs (n = 64), combined therapy (endovascular plus surgical treatment) proved significantly more effective than either therapy alone (P < 0.01). For lesions of the tentorial incisura (n = 66), combined therapy and surgical obliteration alone proved superior to embolization (P < 0.001). For lesions of the cavernous sinus (n = 67), treatment was primarily endovascular, with success rates of 62 to 78% for transarterial and transvenous approaches, respectively. In the anterior fossa (n = 23), surgical obliteration was highly effective, with a success rate of 95%. The small number of cases in both the superior sagittal sinus (n = 28) and middle fossa (n = 10) regions, precluded any statistical analysis. Finally, simple ligature of feeding vessels produced success rates of only 0 to 8% and can no longer be recommended.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no single ideal treatment for the obliteration of DAVMs. The management of each case is best considered individually. The results of this review serve as a rational starting point for the selection of treatment options.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zabramski
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Spetzler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jacobowitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000098:blood supply*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016896:Treatment Outcome