title: Gum arabic promotes rat jejunal sodium and water absorption from oral rehydration solutions in two models of diarrhea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have shown that addition of gum arabic (GA) to a 90 mmol/L sodium-111 mmol/L glucose oral rehydration solution (ORS) enhances its effectiveness for water and electrolyte absorption in normal rats. The present study extends these observations on GA in ORS to two rat models of diarrheal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Juvenile rats were either treated for 1 week with magnesium citrate-phenolphthalein to produce chronic osmotic-secretory diarrhea or luminally exposed to 10 mmol/L theophylline to induce jejunal secretion. In both models jejunal perfusion was used to assess absorption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Addition of 2.5 or 5.0 g/L GA to ORS increased roughly twofold absorption of sodium, potassium, and water in the model of chronic osmotic-secretory diarrhea. Rats perfused with GA-supplemented ORS showed an expansion of the basolateral intercellular spaces between villus absorptive epithelial cells and the lamina propria, reflecting enhanced water and sodium absorption. Similarly, addition of 2.5, 5.0, or 10.0 g/L GA to the ORS neutralized theophylline-induced abolition of net sodium and potassium absorption and reversed water and glucose malabsorption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These experimental studies in models of diarrhea suggest that GA may be a useful additive to ORS for the potentiation of water and electrolyte absorption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital-New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset 11030, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wapnir
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wingertzahn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moyse
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teichberg
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006170:Gum Arabic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D006170:Gum Arabic; D012964:Sodium