Effect of replacement of fat by nonabsorbable fat (sucrose polyester) in meals or snacks as a function of dietary restraint.
The effect of replacement of fat by nonabsorbable fat on energy intake and on feelings of hunger and satiety was assessed, in normal-weight dietary-restrained (n = 11), dietary-unrestrained (n = 13) and in postobese dietary-restrained women (n = 12), using 2 experimental designs. First, during breakfast and lunch on 2 sequential weekdays, 23 g of dietary fat was replaced by 23 g of a nonabsorbable fat. Second, dietary fat was replaced by a nonabsorbable fat in snacks consumed ad lib during a different week. Fat replacement in meals or in snacks did not result in changes in hunger and satiety ratings throughout the day. Replacement in meals yielded an energy intake reduction of 0.5 MJ/day (not significant) in dietary-unrestrained and in postobese dietary-restrained subjects; this reduction included 44% energy intake compensation. In normal-weight dietary-restrained subjects, energy intake reduction of 0.7 (p < 0.05) MJ/day was observed; this reduction included 22% energy intake compensation. Moreover, fat replacement in meals showed a shift in macronutrient composition from 35-40% energy from fat to 31-32% energy from fat. Replacement in snacks yielded an energy intake reduction of 0.4-0.5 MJ/day (not significant) in normal-weight dietary-restrained subjects and a reduction of 0.6-0.7 (p < 0.05) MJ/day in dietary-unrestrained and in postobese dietary-restrained subjects. In this situation, energy intake from snacks consisted of 48-78% energy from reduced-fat reduced-energy snacks, which implied a replacement of 10-15 g fat by 10-15 g SPE (sucrose polyester) and a shift in macronutrient composition from 35-40 percentage energy from fat to 33-36 percentage energy from fat. These results suggest short-term beneficial effects of fat replacement on energy and fat intake.
Westerterp-Plantenga
M S
MS
Department of Natural Sciences, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
Wijckmans-Duijsens
N E
NE
ten Hoor
F
F
Weststrate
J A
JA
D000328:Adult; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000187:drug effects*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D013395:Sucrose; C013692:sucrose polyester