title: Foveal cone function in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular edema.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study results of foveal cone electroretinography (ERG) in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), with and without clinically significant macular edema (CSME).
  
  
  METHODS
  Electroretinograms of foveal cones were elicited, with a dual-beam stimulator-ophthalmoscope, from 18 consecutive patients with bilateral NPDR and unilateral CSME.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of resulting data revealed that mean amplitude was significantly lower in eyes with CSME and in eyes without CSME., compared with that in normal eyes. Mean implicit time was significantly longer in eyes with CSME compared with that in normal eyes, but in eyes of diabetic patients without CSME., mean implicit time was the same as that in normal eyes. Amplitudes were directly correlated and implicit times were inversely correlated with best-corrected Snellen visual acuity in eyes with and without CSME. Eyes with CSME had significantly lower amplitudes and longer implicit times than their fellow eyes without CSME. In addition, eyes with NPDR, with or without CSME, did not exhibit the normal rise in amplitude with increasing duration of light exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Electroretinographic findings showed abnormalities in foveal cone responses in eyes with NPDR, particularly in the presence of CSME. These results may support a functional role for outer retinal dysfunction in patients with diabetic retinopathy and loss of central vision.
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, St. Luke's Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44104, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Christopoulos
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Gussler
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Kohn
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Weidenthal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004487:Edema / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004596:Electroretinography; D005260:Female; D005584:Fovea Centralis; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014792:Visual Acuity