title: [Tuberculosis infection prevalence in children younger than 7 years of age in Cantabria. What is the recommended periodicity for the tuberculin tes?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because of the disparity between the recommendations regarding age and frequency for the realization of tuberculin testing during childhood, a study of tuberculous infection prevalence according to age was made in order to establish at which ages tuberculin testing would be recommendable and to determine if there is a difference in prevalence between vaccinated and non-vaccinated children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A study was carried out by performing annual tuberculin tests (4,454) using the Mantoux technique on 1,710 boys and girls between 1 and 6 years of age. Of these, 796 (46.54%) had been vaccinated with BCG at birth. Children on which a diagnostic tuberculin test had been carried out were excluded from the study. Indurations larger or equal to 10mm were considered positive, in vaccinated as well as in non-vaccinated children, until the publication and adoption of the criterion recommended by the National Concensus for Tuberculosis Control in Spain in 1992. Thereafter, indurations larger or equal to 5 mm in non-vaccinated children and larger than 14 mm in vaccinates children were considered positive.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of tuberculosis infection was 0.49%, 1.87%, and 6,66% at one, 4 and 6 years of age, respectively, in non-vaccinated children and 0.31%, 2.25% and 8,69% at the same ages in vaccinated children was compared and no statistically significant difference was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We recommend the realization of tuberculin tests at one and 4 years of age and show that, in our medium, vaccinated children have a tuberculous infection prevalence during early childhood similar to their non-vaccinated counterparts.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Puericultura, Dirección Regional de Sanidad de Cantabria, Santander.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rollán Rollán
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonilla Miera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González de Aledo Linos
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Diego Santamaría
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Obeso García
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montes Conde
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine