title: Treatment of isolated testicular recurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia without radiotherapy. Report from the Dutch Late Effects Study Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The isolated recurrence of testicular leukemia in boys with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is considered to be an ominous sign, heralding generalized recurrence. In general, treatment is comprised of systemic retreatment and local radiotherapy to one or both affected tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, the authors report five boys with a late isolated testicular recurrence of ALL during sustained bone marrow remission, in whom radiotherapy had been omitted. High dose methotrexate was included in the treatment regimen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No further recurrences occurred after cessation of therapy. The follow-up period ranged from 1-15 years (median, 8 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These cases show that there is a subpopulation of boys with recurrence of testicular leukemia who can be treated without radiotherapy. Therefore, the authors propose a treatment regimen for boys with late isolated recurrence of testicular leukemia in which conventional reinduction maintenance treatment is given in combination with high dose methotrexate. Radiotherapy should be withheld until subsequent testicular recurrence occurs.
authors.affiliation: Emma Kinderziekenhuis AMC, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Langeveld
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Veenhof
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Behrendt
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D008727:Methotrexate