title: Expression of cell adhesion molecules in primary renal disease and renal allograft rejection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In vitro studies have demonstrated that inflammatory mediators such as the cytokines TNF alpha and IL-1 upregulate or induce de novo expression of cell adhesion molecules on endothelial and epithelial cells. In the present study the expression of the cell adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and PECAM-1 was investigated in renal biopsies from patients with primary renal diseases (n = 66) and from renal allograft recipients (n = 42).
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of the cell adhesion molecules was determined by immunohistochemistry of frozen sections using monoclonal antibodies directed against PECAM-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and MHC class II molecules (APAAP method).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PECAM-1 and ICAM-1 were expressed in the renal vasculature and disappeared in obliterated glomeruli with endothelial cell destruction. ICAM-1 but not PECAM-1 was upregulated in renal endothelia in acute allograft rejection and inflammatory primary renal diseases. Tubular de novo expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 correlated with severe structural damage of the renal parenchyma including interstitial fibrosis. Vascular and/or glomerular VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression was pronounced in severe acute allograft rejection and also reflected the intensity of inflammatory reactions in primary renal diseases with or without autoimmune disorders. De novo expression of VCAM-1 and E-selectin in renal vessels and/or glomeruli and overexpression of ICAM-1 are markers of acute and severe inflammatory processes in biopsies from allograft recipients and patients with primary renal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riess
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hausknecht
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thüringer
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Sterzel
mesh_terms: D019040:E-Selectin / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis*; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019040:E-Selectin; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1