title: Renal cell carcinoma of native kidneys: prospective study of 129 renal transplant patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the prevalence of renal cell carcinoma of the native kidneys in renal transplant recipients as well as possible risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 129 consecutive renal transplant recipients underwent ultrasound examination of the native kidneys as part of a routine evaluation. A record was made of acquired cystic kidney disease, defined as 3 cysts or more, and of suspicious masses. When a malignancy was suspected radical nephrectomy was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of renal cell carcinoma of the native kidney was 5 in 129 recipients (3.9%). All cancers were limited to the kidney. No significant relationship was detected between renal cell carcinoma occurrence and patient age, dialysis (when initiated, type and duration), transplantation, drug regimen or incidence of acquired cystic kidney disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk of renal cell carcinoma, a clinically significant cancer, was approximately 100 times greater in our renal transplant patients than in the general population but no significant risk factor could be identified. Routine ultrasonography for early diagnosis in asymptomatic patients on immunosuppressive therapy is strongly recommended to improve prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Doublet
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Peraldi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gattegno
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thibault
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sraer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography