title: [Complete axonotmesis of the axillary nerve in relation to microtrauma].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The axillary nerve is injured in many clinical situations, mainly in major surgical or traumatic lesions of the shoulder. Equally, it may be found in the context of microtraumatisms or compressive mechanisms. Amyotrophic neuralgia is a clinical entity with pain and later atrophy of the muscle which affects various nerves and nerve groups, as shown by neurophysiological studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a lesion with complete axonotmesis of the axillary nerve with a time-relationship to microtraumatism. Initially the patient complained of some pain in the shoulder. During follow-up striking atrophy of the deltoid muscle was seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have reviewed the mechanisms described for lesions of the axillary nerve, which do not include the one we found. We discuss the possibility of our case being included in the clinical group described as having amyotrophic neuralgia, although there are some neurophysiological findings which are not typical of this condition. We suggest a review of the many possible trigger factors described in the genesis of amyotrophic neuralgia. Possibly some cases with atypical histories of trauma, and lesions shown by neurophysiological studies to be particularly severe, may be separated from this group.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitaria, Salamanca, España.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: López-Alburquerque
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gay
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Marcos
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Adeva
mesh_terms: D020968:Brachial Plexus Neuritis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012782:Shoulder / Q000294:innervation* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries