title: Effects of physical barriers in prevention of adhesions: an incisional hernia model in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adhesion formation between viscera and mesh is almost inevitable following incisional hernia repair with prosthetic mesh. Such adhesions may lead to intestinal obstruction and enterocutaneous fistulae formation and make further laparotomies extremely difficult. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) and Interceed TC7 (oxidized regenerated cellulose) as physical barriers have been shown to be effective in reducing postoperative adhesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  To evaluate the effects of SCMC and Interceed TC7, we used an incisional hernia model in rats. A ventral abdominal defect (15 x 25 mm) was created in each of 36 male rats which were then divided into three equal groups. In Group I (control) the defect was repaired with polypropylene mesh (PPM) only; in Group II the defect was repaired after a layer of Interceed TC7 was laid over the viscera with Interceed TC7-covered PPM; in Group III the defect was repaired after a layer of SCMC was laid over the viscera with SCMC-coated PPM. Six of the animals from each group were sacrificed at Postoperative Day 7 and the adhesions were scored. The remaining 6 were sacrificed at Day 30 and histological evaluation was made in addition to the adhesion score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Animals in the SCMC-treated group developed significantly less adhesions (P = 0.0002) compared with control and Interceed TC7-treated groups. However, histological analysis revealed poor fibroblast proliferation with impaired wound healing in the SCMC group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SCMC prevented adhesion formation but seriously impaired wound healing, and Interceed TC7 was ineffective in preventing adhesion in this model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alponat
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lakshminarasappa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajnakova
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moochhala
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002483:Cellulose, Oxidized / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006547:Hernia / Q000209:etiology; D059685:Herniorrhaphy; D008297:Male; D011126:Polypropylenes; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D002483:Cellulose, Oxidized; C060002:INTERCEED; D011126:Polypropylenes; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium