title: In situ hybridization studies of metalloproteinases 2 and 9 and TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression in human prostate cancer.
abstract: The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and the urokinase receptor were examined in fetal and normal prostate tissues, benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer (n = 117). In situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes demonstrated that TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were expressed at elevated levels in the stroma of Gleason sum 5 tissues, whereas MMP-2 and MMP-9 were expressed at relatively low levels. In higher Gleason sum tissues (GS 8-10), TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were not expressed, whereas MMP-2 and MMP-9 were intensely expressed. Furthermore, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression was high in organ-confined specimens (OC, n = 43), somewhat lower in specimens with capsular penetration (CP, n = 29), and low or negative in samples with surgical margin/seminal vesicle (M/SV, n = 17) and lymph node (LN, n = 13) involvement. In contrast, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression was low in the OC tissues; and noticeably higher in CP, M/SV, and LN specimens. Finally, correlation of TIMP and MMP expression with GS and pathological stage versus cure rate further revealed that a high percentage of organ-confined, GS 5 specimens expressing TIMP and little MMP were cured. In comparison, few of the GS 7-10 patients with capsular penetration and expressing MMP and little TIMP were cured. The data suggest that TIMP-1 (and TIMP-2) and MMP-2 (and MMP-9) are independent predictors of outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Allegheny University of Health Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fudge
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mohler
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Stearns
mesh_terms: D017364:Collagenases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D017364:Collagenases; D018093:Gelatinases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9