title: Advancing wave-like epitheliopathy. Clinical features and treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study is to describe an entity referred to as advancing wave-like epitheliopathy and successful treatment of this keratopathy with 1% silver nitrate solution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven eyes of 7 patients were identified with advancing wave-like epitheliopathy. A thorough history and physical examination was performed on each patient, and attempts were made to identify the cause for the epitheliopathy. Six eyes with associated visual loss due to the epitheliopathy involving the visual axis were treated with 1% silver nitrate solution to the superior conjunctival limbus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Possible causes for the epitheliopathy included use of antiglaucomatous medications or contact lens care solutions (6 of 11 eyes), soft contact lens wear (4 of 11 eyes), a history of ocular surgery (3 of 11 eyes), or the presence of an underlying dermatologic or inflammatory disorder (3 of 11 eyes). All patients treated with 1% silver nitrate solution (6 of 6 eyes) experienced resolution of their symptoms with either complete or partial resolution of the epitheliopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Advancing wave-like epitheliopathy is a keratopathy characterized by centripetally advancing waves of coarse, irregular epithelium arising from the superior limbus. The cause appears to be multifactorial. Symptoms include ocular redness, irritation, and a decrease in visual acuity if the visual axis is involved. Application of 1% silver nitrate solution to the superior limbus is well tolerated and effective in treating this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New Hyde Park 11040, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Aversa
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Luchs
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Udell
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy; D018639:Contact Lens Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects; D003263:Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic / Q000009:adverse effects; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D012008:Recurrence; D012835:Silver Nitrate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D018639:Contact Lens Solutions; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D012835:Silver Nitrate