title: Epidermal growth factor family and renal cell carcinoma: expression and prognostic impact.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Expression and prognostic impact of some exponents of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  EGF, transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), EGF receptor (EGF-R), and c-erb B-2 were determined immunohistochemically in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples of 30 patients with locally confined RCCs. The prognostic significance of these growth factors and their receptors as well as of tumor stage and malignancy grade was examined with respect to survival and tumor recurrence by following up the fate of the patients after nephrectomy (mean follow-up time 5.2 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The members of the EGF family and their receptors studied were expressed to a variable degree in all RCCs investigated. However, using log-rank tests in Kaplan-Meier plots only tumor stage (p < 0.0007) and malignancy grade (p < 0.007) but none of the growth factors or receptors studied (p > 0.05, respectively) exhibited prognostic significance with respect to both survival and disease-free period. On the contrary, there was a significant correlation between EGF and TGF-alpha (p < 0.001), EGF and EGF-R (p = 0.028), EGF-R and c-erb B-2 (p = 0.0009), and-inversely related-between TGF-alpha and tumor stage (p = 0.047) and between EGF-R and malignancy grade (p = 0.03). The coexpression of the factors studied also showed no prognostic relevance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of these members of the EGF family seems not to bear evaluable prognostic information for clinical use in the case of RCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Würzburg, Medical School, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hofmockel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riess
authors.forename: I D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Bassukas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dämmrich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D018734:Genes, erbB-2 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha