Infection of human monocytes with Mycobacterium tuberculosis enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication and transmission to T cells.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are virulent intracellular pathogens that invade and multiply within macrophages. The effect of M. tuberculosis on HIV-1 infection and replication was analyzed in vitro using human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by countercurrent centrifugal elutriation. Preinfection of MDM with M. tuberculosis followed by HIV-1 infection resulted in an increase in p24 release, reverse transcriptase activity, and infective virus production. In contrast, no increase in HIV-1 production was observed when MDM were infected with Mycobacterium avium complex or heat-killed M. tuberculosis. Coinfected MDM were potent stimulators of T cell proliferation, while HIV-1-infected MDM failed to present exogenous tuberculin to T cells. Furthermore, coinfected MDM showed an increased capacity to transmit HIV-1 to activated T cells. These results suggest that M. tuberculosis infection can both up-regulate HIV-1 infection and replication within MDM and increase the efficiency of virus transmission from infected MDM to T cells.
Mancino
G
G
Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Institute of Experimental Medicine, National Research Council, Italy.
Placido
R
R
Bach
S
S
Mariani
F
F
Montesano
C
C
Ercoli
L
L
Zembala
M
M
Colizzi
V
V
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D015269:Mycobacterium avium Complex / Q000502:physiology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D014373:Tuberculin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D014373:Tuberculin; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase