title: Refined structures of three crystal forms of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 and of a tetramutant with reduced activity.
abstract: The structure of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), the causative agent in toxic shock syndrome, has been determined in three crystal forms. The three structural models have been refined to R-factors of 0.154, 0.150, and 0.198 at resolutions of 2.05 A, 2.90 A, and 2.75 A, respectively. One crystal form of TSST-1 contains a zinc ion bound between two symmetry-related molecules. Although not required for biological activity, zinc dramatically potentiates the mitogenicity of TSST-1 at very low concentrations. In addition, the structure of the tetramutant TSST-1H [T69I, Y80W, E132K, I140T], which is nonmitogenic and does not amplify endotoxin shock, has been determined and refined in a fourth crystal form (R-factor = 0.173 to 1.9 A resolution).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Radhakrishnan
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Earhart
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dinges
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schlievert
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ohlendorf
mesh_terms: D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008934:Mitogens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009154:Mutation; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus; D018089:Superantigens / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015032:Zinc / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D008934:Mitogens; D018089:Superantigens; C030107:enterotoxin F, Staphylococcal; D015032:Zinc