title: Comparison of transmyometrial and transcervical embryo transfer in patients with previously failed in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles and/or cervical stenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare ultrasound-guided transmyometrial and transcervical ET in patients with cervical stenosis or in patients who failed to conceive after at least three previous IVF-ET cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The IVF-ET Unit at Serlin Maternity Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients undergoing IVF-ET.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ultrasound-guided transvaginal, transmyometrial, versus transcervical ET.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical pregnancy rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transmyometrial ET was performed in 20 patients and resulted in one clinical pregnancy. Transcervical ET, performed in another 20 similar patients, resulted in three clinical pregnancies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No benefit was derived by electing transmyometrial ET in preference to transcervical ET in patients who had failed to conceive in previous cycles.
authors.affiliation: IVF-ET Unit, Serlin Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Groutz
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lessing
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azem
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yovel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D009215:Myometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol