title: The effect of certificate of need and moratoria policy on change in nursing home beds in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the effects of state certificate of need and/or moratorium requirements on the change in nursing home bed growth in states over a 13-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from five telephone surveys of state officials about state certificate of need and moratorium policies, state Medicaid nursing home reimbursement rates, and the licensed nursing home beds in each state for the 1979 through 1993 period. Two-stage least squares regression analysis treated certificate of need and/or moratorium and Medicaid reimbursement rates as endogenous variables in predicting the change in nursing home beds per aged population in states.
  
  
  RESULTS
  States that had a certificate of need and/or moratorium did have significant reductions in the growth in nursing home beds but Medicaid nursing home reimbursement rates were not related to change in bed stock. The percentage of the population living in a metropolitan area, the personal income per 1,000 population, the percent unemployed, a state's tax effort, and time were positively associated with change in nursing home beds. The ratio of nursing home beds per 1,000 aged population in the previous year was a negative predictor of change in bed stock in a given year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  State regulatory policies have an effect on bed growth in contrast to reimbursement policies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Swan
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nyman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Carrillo
mesh_terms: D002567:Certificate of Need / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D003363:Cost Control; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006291:Health Policy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D008484:Medicaid; D009735:Nursing Homes / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000600:supply & distribution* / Q000639:trends; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012051:Reimbursement Mechanisms; D013221:State Health Plans / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States