title: Expression of var genes located within polymorphic subtelomeric domains of Plasmodium falciparum chromosomes.
abstract: Plasmodium falciparum var genes encode a diverse family of proteins, located on the surfaces of infected erythrocytes, which are implicated in the pathology of human malaria through antigenic variation and adhesion of infected erythrocytes to the microvasculature. We have constructed a complete representative telomere-to-telomere yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) contig map of the P. falciparum chromosome 8 for studies on the chromosomal organization, distribution, and expression of var genes. Three var gene loci were identified on chromosome 8, two of which map close to the telomeres at either end of the chromosome. Analysis of the previously described chromosome 2 contig map and random P. falciparum telomeric YAC clones revealed that most, if not all, 14 P. falciparum chromosomes contain var genes in a subtelomeric location. Mapping the chromosomal location of var genes expressed in a long-term culture of the P. falciparum isolate Dd2 revealed that four of the five different expressed var genes identified map within subtelomeric locations. Expression of var genes from a chromosomal domain known for frequent rearrangements has important implications for the mechanism of var gene switching and the generation of novel antigenic and adhesive phenotypes.
authors.affiliation: Zentrum fur Infektionsforschung der Universitat Wurzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Horrocks
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Preuss
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiesner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wünsch
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lanzer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018244:Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017125:Genes, Protozoan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000235:genetics*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D016615:Telomere; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C085731:erythrocyte membrane protein 1, Plasmodium falciparum