title: In vitro effect of the Sensonic toothbrush on Treponema denticola.
abstract: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effects of the Sensonic. Oral-B Braun mechanical and Oral-B manual toothbrushes upon the morphology and cellular integrity of Treponema denticola. This spirochete was chosen because of its frequent isolation from active lesions of inflammatory periodontal disease and its pathogenic potential. T. denticola, strain ATCC 33421, was grown in an anaerobic nitrogen rich atmosphere in enhanced 1186 mycoplasma broth. 160, 5-ml aliquots of cultured microbes were assigned to 1 of 3 brushing treatment groups and a control group. Samples were further divided into 4 groups of 10 samples each and assigned to one of 4 brushing exposure times: 15, 30, 45, and 60 seconds. After treatment, 0.2 ml of each sample was applied to a millipore filter and examined by SEM. Intact microbes were counted from 10 non-overlapping fields at 4500x. Remaining treated samples were pelleted and examined by TEM. A statistically significant reduction of intact microbes for the Sensonic treatment group at each exposure time was found when compared to Oral-B Braun, Oral-B manual, and non-treated controls. TEM examination of Sensonic treated samples revealed separation of the outer membrane at lower exposure times and only cellular debris after exposures of 45 and 60 s. These results suggest that exposure to the sonic frequency generated by the Sensonic toothbrush is capable of severely disrupting the structural integrity of T. denticola.
authors.affiliation: Departmente of Periodontics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Dentistry 64108, USA.
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cobb
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Manch-Citron
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D013010:Sonication; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014208:Treponema / Q000648:ultrastructure