title: Informed consent in head and neck surgery: how much do patients actually remember?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of informed consent in head and neck surgery by testing patient recall of potential complications from thyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy, and parotidectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective design was used.
  
  
  METHODS
  The setting was an academic tertiary care centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four patients undergoing thyroidectomy, parathyroidectomy, or parotidectomy were consented by verbal contact by the operating surgeon with a specific preoperative checklist of complication and side effects. One week to 2 months after consent, the patients were surveyed for recall of potential complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rate of recall was related to various parameters including patient age, sex, level of education, occupation, and length of time from the consent interview to the recall interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall recall rate for all procedures was 48%. Those patients who recalled over 50% of the complications were younger (p = .04) and better educated (p = .04). The gender of the patients did not appear to influence recall success (p = 1.00), even when facial scar or paralysis was considered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant relationship exists between education level and patient age and the rate of patient recall of potential complications of surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Toronto Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hekkenberg
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Irish
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Rotstein
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gullane
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013965:Thyroidectomy