title: Comparison of hormonal therapy and chemohormonal therapy in patients with newly diagnosed clinical stage D prostatic cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In order to examine the usefulness of chemohormonal therapy, we conducted a multicentered randomized trial comparing hormonal therapy, using a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist, with chemohormonal therapy, hormonal therapy plus cyclophosphamide (CPM), in patients with newly diagnosed clinical stage D prostatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1991 and March 1995, 41 evaluable patients with stage D prostatic cancer were randomized into 2 groups: group A (hormonal therapy alone), goserelin acetate depot 3.6 mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks: group B (chemohormonal therapy), goserelin acetate depot 3.6 mg subcutaneously and CPM 1000 mg/m2 intravenously every 4 weeks. The responses to the therapies were evaluated based on the criteria of The Japanese Urological Association.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the 2 groups with regard to objective and subjective response rates. No advantage in chemohormonal therapy was observed in the survival rate and progression-free survival rate. However, the survival rate and progression-free survival rate of responders were significantly higher than those of nonresponders in both groups. When the results were categorized by histologic grade patients with poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma had significantly higher response rates, survival rates, and disease-progression-free survival rates in Group B compared to similar patients in Group A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that chemohormonal therapy does not definitely improve the clinical response and prognosis of patients with stage D prostatic cancer; however, for patients with poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma, chemohormonal therapy is a useful treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamidono
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists; D017273:Goserelin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D017273:Goserelin; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D003520:Cyclophosphamide