title: Repeated administration of growth hormone-releasing hormone with or without previous administration of pyridostigmine in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
abstract: In insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) either elevated growth hormone (GH) levels or abnormal responses to specific as well as unspecific stimuli have been reported. As hyperglycemia is known to blunt GH response to various stimuli, a normal GH response to GHRH in presence of hyperglycemia should also be considered inappropriate. To investigate the mechanism underlying this inappropriate GH response, in 9 patients with IDDM, selected for normal GH response to GHRH, we studied the GH response to two consecutive GHRH boluses (1 microgram/kg), the second of which preceded 30 min before by pyridostigmine (120 mg p.o.). Seven age matched normal volunteers were evaluated as control group. Basal plasma glucose and serum GH levels were significantly higher in patients with IDDM than in normal subjects (184.4 +/- 9.6 vs 86.2 +/- 4.4 mg/dl, p < 0.01 and 2.4 +/- 1.0 vs 1.0 +/- 0.4 microgram/l, p < 0.01 respectively). Both in normal subjects and in patients with IDDM the GH response to the second consecutive GHRH administration was lower than that of the first GHRH bolus (delta AUC: 82.5 +/- 28.3 vs 401.1 +/- 131.2 micrograms/l/h, p < 0.05 and 77.2 +/- 30.4 vs 336.8 +/- 60.0 p < 0.02, respectively). Pyridostigmine was able to restore the blunted GH responsiveness to the second GHRH administration in both groups, but this response was found higher in normal than in diabetic subjects (delta AUC: 1250.8 +/- 136.2 vs 527.5 +/- 147.6, p < 0.01). Since the GH-releasing effect of PD is likely to be mediated by the inhibition of hypothalamic somatostatin release, our results suggest that there is also an impaired somatostatin tone in hyperglycemic type 1 diabetic patients with normal GH response to GHRH.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università degli Studi di Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martina
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tagliabue
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maccario
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertaina
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zumpano
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arvat
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ghigo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camanni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy; D005260:Female; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide