title: Nontoxic embolic liquids for treatment of arteriovenous malformations.
abstract: Interventional radiology is becoming one of the standard treatments of arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Cyanoacrylate derivatives and polymer solutions are widely used to occlude the AVM nidus by their injection through a catheter, but they are far from satisfactory embolic liquids. For instance, cyanoacrylate derivatives sometimes glue the catheter to the artery, resulting in serious complications; in addition, the organic solvents used to dissolve polymers cause damage to the surrounding brain tissue of the AVM. Therefore, we attempted to develop embolic liquids by dissolving poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) in Iopamiron with an addition of a small amount of ethyl alcohol. This new embolic liquid is not cytotoxic and is easily injected into the AVM through a thin, long catheter to effectively occlude the AVM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Tokushukai Medical Center, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kazekawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimozuru
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sampei
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000628:therapy*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000633:toxicity; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002460:Cell Line; D003487:Cyanoacrylates; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D011102:Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003487:Cyanoacrylates; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D011102:Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate; C040206:HTR composite