title: Dual sensor pacemakers in children: what is the choice of sensor blending?
abstract: Dual sensor pacemakers were developed to obtain more appropriate responses to activity. We evaluated ten children with dual sensor pacemakers in different sensor blending circumstances using exercise testing to assess which ratio was optimal. Ten patients with several bradydysrhythmias (ages 6-16 years; mean 10.1 years) were included in the study. Eight patients had VVIR pacemakers (Vitatron Topaz), models and two patients had VDD pacemakers implanted via the transvenous route. All patients were in a paced rhythm (98.5% pacing). Accurate T wave sensing ranged from 81%-100%; mean 92%, median 95%. Voluntary exercise testing with a CAEP protocol was performed using a treadmill with the pacemaker in VVIR mode. Medium activity threshold with three sensor blending ratios (QT = ACT, QT > ACT, and QT < ACT) were done in all patients. The mean duration of exercise was not statistically different among the three sensor blending ratios. After 90 seconds of exercise, the mean pacing rate had increased by 12%, 3%, and 5%, respectively, in the three groups. At maximal exercise, the increases were 45%, 42%, and 54%. Mean HRs during exercise in each of the three ratios were not significantly different, although we found a statistically significant increase in HR during the first two stages of rest period in the QT = ACT sensor blending ratio compared to the QT > ACT ratio. No difference was observed after the second stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) there is no difference between the QT = ACT, QT < ACT, and QT > ACT sensor blending ratios; and (2) each child has to be evaluated by exercise testing to program a correct sensor blending ratio.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Celiker
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokel
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lenk
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozme
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D004867:Equipment Design; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006327:Heart Block / Q000628:therapy; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial