title: Anti-tumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy with bleomycin is increased by TNF-alpha on SA-1 tumors in mice.
abstract: With the aim to increase anti-tumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy, adjuvant immunotherapy with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was tested on tumors in mice. Increased anti-tumor effectiveness on SA-1 tumors was observed after combining TNF-alpha, injected either intratumorally or peritumorally, with electrochemotherapy using suboptimal dose of bleomycin (BLM). The increased anti-tumor effectiveness was neither the result of potentiated anti-tumor effectiveness of TNF-alpha due to exposure of tumors to electric pulses, nor due to interaction with BLM. Therefore, the effect of adjuvant TNF-alpha treatment might be immunomodulatory, augmenting the anti-tumor activity of electrochemotherapy, and possibly adding a systemic component to the localized electrochemotherapy treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Oncology, Zaloska, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sersa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cemazar
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Menart
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gaberc-Porekar
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miklavcic
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000379:methods*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005354:Fibrosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D001761:Bleomycin