title: Interventional cardiology for the adult patient with congenital heart disease: the Toronto Hospital experience.
abstract: Interventional cardiac procedures for patients with congenital heart disease, developed for the pediatric patient, have been adapted for the adult patient. In this review these unique procedures are reviewed with emphasis on the experience at The Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults. Procedures directed to closing shunts include: occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus, coil embolization of aorto-systemic collaterals, coronary fistulas, and Blalock-Taussig shunts, and early attempts at nonsurgical occlusion of atrial septal defects. Balloon dilation procedures include management of pulmonary valve stenosis, peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis, and more recently the application of stents in dilation of coarctation of the aorta. Development of interventional techniques for adult congenital heart disease involves a diverse number of procedures which provide successful nonsurgical options for many patients with congenital heart disease.
authors.affiliation: University of Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000628:therapy; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000628:therapy*; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans