title: Pregnancy loss and autoantibodies against phospholipid-binding proteins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between antibodies against beta 2-glycoprotein I or prothrombin and pregnancy losses in women with antiphospholipid antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with antiphospholipid antibodies, (lupus anticoagulant and/or anticardiolipin antibodies), with (n = 41) and without (n = 61) a history of pregnancy loss were evaluated. Thirty-one out of the forty-one patients with pregnancy loss had early miscarriages (at less than 13 weeks) and ten patients had late miscarriages. Immunoglobulin (Ig)-G and IgM anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I and anti-prothrombin antibodies were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant association between pregnancy loss and positive IgM anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I antibodies was found (odds ratio 2.6; 95% confidence interval 1.03, 6.6; P = .043). Women with late pregnancy loss had higher levels of both IgG and IgM anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I antibodies compared with controls (P < .05). There was a good correlation between anticardiolipin and anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I antibodies levels (IgG: r = 0.75; IgM: r = 0.73). In contrast, there was no correlation between the levels of anticardiolipin or anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies and the levels of anti-prothrombin antibodies. Furthermore, the presence of anti-prothrombin antibodies was not associated with a history of pregnancy loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The result of our study shows that there is a relationship between the presence of IgM anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I and previous miscarriages in women with anti-phospholipid antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Favaloro Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Falcón
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Martinuzzo
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Forastiero
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Cerrato
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Carreras
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000276:immunology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D001323:Autoantibodies; D001798:Blood Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; D011516:Prothrombin