title: Substances in the aqueous fraction of cigarette smoke inhibit lipid peroxidation in synaptosomes of rat cerebral cortex.
abstract: The effects of water-soluble substances in cigarette smoke on lipid peroxidation were investigated using nerve terminals prepared from the rat cerebral cortex. The prepared smoke-substances significantly reduced the spontaneous increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in synaptosomes in a dilution factor-dependent manner. Furthermore, the aqueous extract also inhibited the elevation of lipid peroxidation induced by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, a peroxyl radical generator. Smoke-substances scavenged superoxide radicals generated from stimulated human leukocytes and from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. These effects were not mimicked by nicotine. The antioxidant effects of smoke-substances were preserved for several days at 5 degrees or -80 degrees C. The results suggest that the smoke-substances may possess long half-lives and scavenge the radicals which cause lipid-peroxidation in synaptosome membranes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan. kamisaki@grape.med.tottori-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamisaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ashida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012906:Smoke / Q000032:analysis*; D012995:Solubility; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014026:Nicotiana; D014867:Water; D019820:Xanthine; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D014970:Xanthines / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D012906:Smoke; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014970:Xanthines; D014867:Water; D013481:Superoxides; D019820:Xanthine; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase