title: Effect of sodium bicarbonate administration on renal function of horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe changes in renal function of horses after oral and i.v. administration of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and to determine whether changes are dose dependent.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 Standardbred mares.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood and urine samples for determination of renal function were collected immediately before and at hourly intervals for 12 hours after administration of each of 3 oral doses (1,500, 1,000 and 250 mg/kg of body weight, in 3 L of water) and 1 i.v. dose (250 mg/kg, 5% solution) of NaHCO3, or water (3 L orally).
  
  
  RESULTS
  NaHCO3 induced increases in urine flow; electrolyte-free water reabsorption; urine concentrations of sodium and bicarbonate; fractional excretion of sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate; urinary excretion and clearance of sodium and bicarbonate; urine pH and anion gap; and mean plasma concentration of antidiuretic hormone. NaHCO3 induced attenuation in reduction with time of urine excretion and clearance of potassium, chloride, and osmoles, and induced reduction in urine osmolality. Plasma aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations and glomerular filtration rate were not modified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal responses to NaHCO3 load emphasize conservation of plasma volume and reestablishment of acid-base balance over control of hyperosmolality by diuresis, natriuresis, and increased bicarbonaturia. These responses imply a large fluid shift from the extravascular space to the vascular compartment, which was eliminated via diuresis, thus preventing hypervolemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1089, USA.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Hinchcliff
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kohn
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Sams
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Chew
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000652:urine; D002712:Chlorides / Q000652:urine; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D018495:Fluid Shifts; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006736:Horses / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D011863:Radioimmunoassay / Q000662:veterinary; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D002712:Chlorides; D014667:Vasopressins; D000450:Aldosterone; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium