Simultaneous identification and quantitation of codeine, morphine, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone in urine as trimethylsilyl and oxime derivatives by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Following enzymatic hydrolysis of urine, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of codeine, morphine, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone uses hydroxylamine to form oxime derivatives of the keto-opiates (i.e., hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxycodone, and oxymorphone). These trimethylsilyl-derivatized forms no longer interfere with the detection and quantitation of codeine and morphine. Samples are extracted on solid-phase columns and quantitated by deuterated internal calibrations of each analyte with selected ion monitoring. Codeine, morphine, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone are completely separated, allowing simultaneous quantitation without interference and a chromatographic analysis time < 9 min.
Broussard
L A
LA
Department of Medical Technology, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans 70112-2262, USA.
Presley
L C
LC
Pittman
T
T
Clouette
R
R
Wimbish
G H
GH
D003061:Codeine / Q000652:urine*; D003903:Deuterium; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D006853:Hydrocodone / Q000652:urine*; D019811:Hydroxylamine; D006898:Hydroxylamines / Q000737:chemistry; D016014:Linear Models; D009020:Morphine / Q000652:urine*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000652:urine*; D010091:Oximes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*; D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
D006898:Hydroxylamines; D009294:Narcotics; D010091:Oximes; D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds; D019811:Hydroxylamine; C047270:N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide; D006853:Hydrocodone; D009020:Morphine; D003903:Deuterium; D003061:Codeine