title: [Changes in liver perfusion caused by transjugular intrahepatic stent shunt (TIPSS)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to demonstrate and document TIPSS-induced changes of the perfusion pattern of the liver with special reference to several rheologic, morphologic, functional and biochemical parameters. Our analysis was based on a study in 100 consecutive cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluation and assessment of the following parameters before and within a 30-day post TIPSS period: portosystemic gradient; morphologic delineation of the portal circulation; invasive scintigraphic determination of the portal perfusion fraction (PPF) and the total liver perfusion (GLP); transcatheter intraarterial flow change measurement; serum levels of albumin and bilirubin; assessment of hepatic encephalopathy by appropriate testing; assessment of recurrent variceal bleeding
  
  
  RESULTS
  by TIPSS variceal filling was widely reduced; as assessed morphologically and rheologically portal liver perfusion was significantly reduced. However, there was immediate onset of compensated liver perfusion by increased arterial inflow. Total liver perfusion was not significantly altered. In TIPSS portal decompression was readily achieved with reduction of the portosystemic gradient from an average of 24 mmHg to 10.5 mmHg. In our series we could not demonstrate an increased incidence of hepatic encephalopathy during the 30-day post TIPSS period. Bilirubin levels were significantly increased after TIPSS from 2.45 to 2.61 mg/dl (p = 0.0067), while albumin levels were not altered. Early mortality was 4% and early re-bleeding rate 3%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the concept of TIPSS represents an individually calibrated H-shunt. The significant reduction of post TIPSS portal perfusion appears to be compensated by increased arterial inflow. This is reflected by invasive flow measurement results and by the clinical results. Letality of TIPSS is low.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Radiologische Diagnostik, Universitätsklinik Heidelberg.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brado
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mädler
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Radeleff
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roeren
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Kauffmann
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D006502:Budd-Chiari Syndrome / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D017082:Portal Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D019168:Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012212:Rheology; D015996:Survival Rate