title: Cytochrome P450 responsible for the stereoselective S-oxidation of flosequinan in hepatic microsomes from rats and humans.
abstract: The forms of cytochrome P450 involved in the stereoselective S-oxidation of flosequinan [(+/-)-7-fluoro-1-methyl-3-methylsulfinyl-4-quinolone] were investigated in vitro using liver microsomes from rats and humans. Rat liver microsomes supplemented with NADPH catalyzed the four different S-oxidations, which were from flosequinan sulfide (FS; 7-fluoro-1-methyl-3-methylthio-4-quinolone) to R(+)- and S(-)-flosequinan (R-FSO and S-FSO, respectively) and from R-FSO and S-FSO to flosequinan sulfone (FSO2; 7-fluoro-1-methyl-3-methylsulfonyl-4-quinolone). The activities of all the S-oxidases in liver microsomes from male rats were higher than those from female rats. The activities of the S-oxidases measured at a high substrate concentration (1 mM) were induced by treatment of rats with phenobarbital and dexamethasone. Treatment of rats with 3-methylcholanthrene also induced the activities, but only at a low substrate concentration (50 microM), except for the S-oxidase catalyzing the reaction from FS to R-FSO. Enzymes induced by clofibrate and ethanol were not involved in the oxidations at a low substrate concentration. The activities of S-oxidases were correlated with the contents of cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A enzymes. Anti-CYP3A2 antisera inhibited the activities of the S-oxidases catalyzing the reactions from FS to R-FSO (40%) and to S-FSO (60%) at the high substrate concentration and inhibited the activities of the S-oxidases, thus catalyzing reactions from R-FSO and S-FSO to FSO2 (70%) at both high and low substrate concentrations. These results suggest that CYP3A is the major enzyme involved in all S-oxidation pathways in flosequinan metabolism in rats. On the other hand, except for the S-oxidation of FS to R-FSO, the rates of the other three S-oxidations by liver microsomes from 30 individual humans correlated highly with each other, suggesting that the same enzyme would be involved in the three S-oxidations. Anti-CYP3A2 antisera inhibited the activities of all the S-oxidases in human liver microsomes ranging from 40 to 80%, suggesting that CYP3A is also involved in all of the S-oxidations of flosequinan in humans.
authors.affiliation: Division of Drug Metabolism, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kashiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Odomi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Funae
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamataki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating / Q000378:metabolism*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011804:Quinolines; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C047316:flosequinan; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D010089:Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating