title: Liquid chromatographic determination of acriflavine and proflavine residues in channel catfish muscle.
abstract: A liquid chromatographic (LC) method was developed for determination of acriflavine (ACR) and proflavine (PRO) residues in channel catfish muscle. Residues were extracted with acidified methanol solution, and extracts were cleaned up with C18 solid-phase extraction columns. Residue concentrations were determined on an LC cyano column, with spectrophotometric detection at 454 nm. Catfish muscle was individually fortified with ACR (purified from commercial product) and PRO at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 ppb (5 replicates per level). Mean recoveries from fortified muscle at each level ranged from 86 to 95%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.5 to 5.7%. The method was applied to incurred residues of ACR and PRO in muscle after waterborne exposure of channel catfish to commercial acriflavine (10 ppm total dye for 4 h). RSDs for incurred residues of ACR and PRO were in the same range as those for fortified muscle. Low residue concentrations (< 1% of exposure water concentration) suggested poor absorption of ACR and PRO in catfish.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Gulf Coast Seafood Laboratory, Dauphin Island, AL 36528, USA.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Plakas
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: el Said
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Jester
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Bencsath
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hayton
mesh_terms: D000167:Acriflavine / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis*; D007059:Ictaluridae; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry; D011370:Proflavine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D000167:Acriflavine; D011370:Proflavine