Generation of active oxygen species from advanced glycation end-products (AGE) under ultraviolet light A (UVA) irradiation.
To clarify a possible role of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) on photoaging of human skin, the interaction between AGE and ultraviolet A light (UVA) was examined from both a biological and chemical perspective. Human dermal fibroblasts that were exposed to UVA in the presence of AGE bound with bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) exhibited a significant decrease of cell viability as compared to control cells, which were exposed to UVA in the absence of AGE-BSA. Further, UVA-irradiated AGE-BSA reduced nitroblue tetrazolium to its formazan, but the reaction was inhibited by addition of superoxide dismutase in the system. UVA dose-dependent formation of H2O2 in AGE-BSA was also observed. An ESR spin-trapping study revealed the generation of unstable free radicals in AGE-BSA under UVA irradiation. After addition of Fe2+ in the system, an ESR spectrum due to the formation of hydroxyl radicals was observed. On the basis of these results, the authors propose that AGE is an important factor for promoting photoaging in the skin via generation of active oxygen species involving .O2-, H2O2, and .OH.
Masaki
H
H
Shiga Research, Noevir Co., Ltd., Okada-cho, Youkaichi, Japan.
Okano
Y
Y
Sakurai
H
H
D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000378:metabolism; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000378:metabolism; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium / Q000378:metabolism; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D011725:Pyridines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015595:Skin Aging; D013113:Spin Labels; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D011725:Pyridines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013113:Spin Labels; C043438:alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone; D013481:Superoxides; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; C069977:2,2-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidinyloxy; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide