title: Prophylaxis against HIV-1 infection in chimpanzees by nevirapine, a nonnucleoside inhibitor of reverse transcriptase.
abstract: Chimpanzees were challenged with HIV-1IIIB while receiving a short regimen of nevirapine (Viramune), a nonnucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. The untreated, control chimpanzee developed an infection characterized by seroconversion, viremia in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and plasma positive for viral RNA. In contrast, the three nevirapine-treated chimpanzees remained negative for all viral markers with the exception of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of PBMCs for viral DNA. Although PBMCs from the three nevirapine-treated chimpanzees tested intermittently positive for viral DNA, this PCR signal disappeared and remained negative for the final five months of the study. These data indicate that orally administered nevirapine provided protection from HIV-1 infection in the chimpanzee model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Inflammatory Diseases, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, USA.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Grob
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muchmore
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Pav
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019829:Nevirapine; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000494:pharmacology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D011725:Pyridines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid; D019829:Nevirapine; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate