title: HLA-DQB1*0304-DRB1*0408 haplotype associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in populations in the eastern Baltic region.
abstract: The rare HLA-DQB1*0304 allele was found increased among IDDM patients in the populations of the eastern Baltic region. Its frequency among IDDM patients was 4.5% (20/443) compared to 1.1% (9/853) in healthy controls in the combined series of Estonian, Latvian and St. Petersburg Russian populations (P=0.0001). HLA-DQB1*0304 in these populations was associated with DRB1*0408, and the haplotype was further characterized by a B35 allele and a typical combination of microsatellite markers from the TNF gene region. The result is compatible with the significance of the 57th amino acid in the DQ beta-chain but also emphasizes the importance of alleles in other HLA loci adjacent to DQ in the determination of IDDM susceptibility.
authors.affiliation: Turku Immunology Centre and Department of Virology, University of Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ilonen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koskinen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nejentsev
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sjöroos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knip
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adojaan
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kovalchuk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sochnevs
mesh_terms: D001454:Baltic States; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen