title: [Complication rate in laparoscopic cholecystectomy not different for residents in training and surgeons].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the difference in safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by residents and staff surgeons.
  
  
  METHODS
  St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Results of 649 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed by staff surgeons experienced in laparoscopic surgery, by residents under supervision of a staff surgeon, by residents without supervision and by inexperienced surgeons, were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were comparable, except for liver function disorders and raised sedimentation rates, of which there were more in the group operated by the non-supervised residents, compared with the staff surgeons. Average operation time was 57 minutes in all four groups. Non-supervised residents had more retained stones than staff surgeons (19 vs 6%) and reported more bleeding during surgery than staff surgeons (21 vs 8%). Conversion rate was the same (3.9%) in all four groups. Complications occurred in 5.7%; this also was the same in the four groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Residents following a traditional surgical training without practice on animals, perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy as quickly as and with the same conversion and complication rates as their teachers.
authors.affiliation: St. Antonius Ziekenhuis, afd. Algemene Chirurgie, Nieuwegein.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Crolla
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Ramshorst
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors