[The "rapidity" factor in the specific immunity response after oral vaccination].
The vaccination per os induces early, specific immunoglobulinic responses in intestine, saliva, bile and urine, as well as in the respiratory apparatus, involving above all sIgA, but also IgG and IgM. The notion of the rapidity of the specific immunitary responses constitutes an important acquisition at immunological level (mechanisms of the antibody-poiesis) and, also, from the therapeutic and analytical point of view. The use of oral vaccines is fully justified by the rapidity of the immune reactions not only at enteric level, but also in the different districts of the animal organisms (gingives, saliva, biliary, urinary and respiratory tract). The availability of immunizing agents is a remarkable occurrence from the clinical point of view, in that the non rare failure of the chemo-antibiotic-therapy are a common knowledge. Its far prophylaxis, also, the rapidity of action of the oral vaccines is very important; in the case of parenteral vaccination, instead, a latency time of about a week is necessary. The rapidity of the immune responses after oral immunization give an evaluation of the immunizing activity of antigenic formulations in a short time, with evident advantages in the point both of a scientific and economic view. Moreover, it is possible to perform the quali-quantitative analysis of vaccinal preparations in a few of days.
Negretti
F
F
Cattedra di Microbiologia e Igiene, Università degli Studi, Milano.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000502:physiology*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000276:immunology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000502:physiology*; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination