title: Penetration of trovafloxacin into cerebrospinal fluid in humans following intravenous infusion of alatrofloxacin.
abstract: A single-dose study was conducted to determine concentrations of trovafloxacin (CP-99,219) achieved in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) relative to those in the serum of healthy subjects after intravenous infusion of alatrofloxacin (CP-116,517), the alanyl-alanyl prodrug of trovafloxacin. Twelve healthy subjects were administered single doses of alatrofloxacin at a trovafloxacin equivalent of 300 mg as an intravenous infusion over 1.0 h. CSF samples were taken by lumbar puncture at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 24 h after the start of the infusion; each subject was sampled at only one time point. Serum samples were taken from each subject at the time of CSF collection. A mean concentration of 5.8 microg of trovafloxacin per ml was present in serum 1.0 h after the start of the infusion. CSF/serum ratios ranged from 0.14 to 0.33 in the postdistribution phase (5 to 24 h postinfusion), with a mean ratio of 0.25. The most common adverse events were dizziness, nausea, and rash and were mild or moderate in intensity. The potency of trovafloxacin against susceptible organisms, coupled with its rapid penetration of CSF following the intravenous administration of alatrofloxacin, suggests that it may be useful in the treatment of bacterial meningitis in humans.
authors.affiliation: California Clinical Trials, Beverly Hills 90211, USA.
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Cutler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jhee
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wardle
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Dogolo
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sramek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009287:Naphthyridines; D011355:Prodrugs; C106856:alatrofloxacin; C080163:trovafloxacin