title: Mg2+ modulates membrane lipids in vascular smooth muscle: a link to atherogenesis.
abstract: Epidemiological studies associate low dietary magnesium intake with an increased incidence of ischemic heart disease and sudden cardiac death. We have used proton-magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) techniques and Mg2+-selective electrodes to monitor changes in lipid extracts of aortic and cerebrovascular smooth muscle as extracellular ionized magnesium ion concentration ([Mg2+]o) is lowered. We have found that, within the pathophysiological range of Mg2+ concentrations, fatty acid chain length and double bond content are progressively reduced as [Mg2+]o is lowered. In contrast, the plasmalogen content is progressively increased. A concomitant decrease in fatty acid chain length and double bonds indicates oxidation of double bonds resulting in truncation of the fatty acids. A decrease in lipid oxidation in the presence of elevated Mg2+ could contribute to the apparent protective role of increased Mg2+ intake on vascular function in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. morrill@aecom.yu.edu
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Morrill
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Kostellow
authors.forename: G Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Altura
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Altura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism; D001488:Basilar Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010955:Plasmalogens / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D010955:Plasmalogens; D008274:Magnesium