title: Long-term maintenance of a behavioral alternative to surgery for severe vomiting and weight loss.
abstract: A 34-year-old woman with severe mental retardation suffered from gastroesophageal reflux, projectile vomiting, weight loss, and a prepyloric ulcer. Despite the implementation of non-intrusive behavior treatment procedures involving simple correction and differential reinforcement (Treatment A), fundoplication surgery with implantation of a gastrostomy feeding tube had been recommended. A descriptive functional analysis suggested that the woman's vomiting was maintained by escape. Revised treatment was implemented throughout her waking hours. Treatment B consisted of the addition of escape extinction and antecedent control procedures. Treatment C added to these procedures food choice and additional differential reinforcement procedures. Results showed the respective mean frequency of vomiting and mean weight were: Treatment A--1.4 episodes/day and 118 lbs; Treatment B--1.1 episodes/day and 105 lbs; Treatment C--0.2 incidents/day and 133 lbs. The woman's progress has been maintained for nearly 2 years.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Services Division, Richmond State School, TX 77469-1499, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lockwood
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maenpaa
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D004435:Eating / Q000523:psychology; D004924:Escape Reaction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015431:Weight Loss