title: Type II myosin heavy chain encoded by the myo2 gene composes the contractile ring during cytokinesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
abstract: We cloned the myo2 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which encodes a type II myosin heavy chain, by virtue of its ability to promote diploidization in fission yeast cells. The myo2 gene encodes 1,526 amino acids in a single open reading frame. Myo2p shows homology to the head domains and the coiledcoil tail of the conventional type II myosin heavy chain and carries putative binding sites for ATP and actin. It also carries the IQ motif, which is a presumed binding site for the myosin light chain. However, Myo2p apparently carries only one IQ motif, while its counterparts in other species have two. There are nine proline residues, which should break alpha-helix, in the COOH-terminal coiled-coil region of Myo2p. Thus, Myo2p is rather unusual as a type II myosin heavy chain. Disruption of myo2 inhibited cell proliferation. myo2Delta cells showed normal punctate distribution of interphase actin, but they produced irregular actin rings and septa and were impaired in cell separation. Overproduction of Myo2p was also lethal, apparently blocking actin relocation. Nuclear division proceeded without actin ring formation and cytokinesis in cells overexpressing Myo2p, giving rise to multinucleated cells with dumbbell morphology. Analysis using tagged Myo2p revealed that Myo2p colocalizes with actin in the contractile ring, suggesting that Myo2p is a component of the ring and responsible for its contraction. Furthermore, genetic evidence suggested that the acto-myosin system may interact with the Ras pathway, which regulates mating and the maintenance of cell morphology in S. pombe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113, Japan.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kitayama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002455:Cell Division; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015870:Gene Expression; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D006238:Haploidy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D024462:Myosin Type II; D024701:Myosin Type V; D009218:Myosins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D013172:Spores, Fungal
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C077512:MYO2 protein, S cerevisiae; C434211:MYO2 protein, S pombe; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; C089770:scd2 protein, S pombe; D024462:Myosin Type II; D024701:Myosin Type V; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains; D009218:Myosins