title: Combination of low-dose niacin and pravastatin improves the lipid profile in diabetic patients without compromising glycemic control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy and tolerability of the addition of low-dose niacin (1.5 g/d) in a diabetic hypercholesterolemic population who were unable to attain desired lipid control with low-dose (20 mg) pravastatin monotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, open-label study conducted over a 14-week period. Twenty-three diabetic patients with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations of at least 150 mg/dL after dietary therapy were recruited from the outpatient diabetes clinic of a university teaching hospital. After 4 weeks of dietary stabilization and baseline determination of the lipid profile and glycemic control, patients received pravastatin 20 mg once daily for 4 weeks. Laboratory parameters were reassessed and niacin was added to the regimen in qualifying patients. Over 2 weeks, patients' regimens were titrated to a maximal dosage of 500 mg tid. Patients continued to receive the combination regimen for 4 weeks and were reassessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen patients (14 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 2 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) completed the study. Mean fasting blood sugar and fructosamine concentrations were unchanged throughout the study. Five patients required minor alterations (3 increased, 2 decreased) in their hypoglycemic regimens during the study. The addition of low-dose niacin to pravastatin therapy resulted in a significant lowering of LDL cholesterol compared with pravastatin monotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-dose niacin is a promising addition to hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor therapy in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in patients with diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205, USA. gardner@cop.uams.edu
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Marx
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Granberry
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Skelton
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Fonseca
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D019270:Fructosamine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009525:Niacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017035:Pravastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D009525:Niacin; D019270:Fructosamine; D017035:Pravastatin