title: Interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-1 beta mRNA expression in normal and diseased skeletal muscle assessed by immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting and reverse transcriptase-nested polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: To confirm the production of IL-1 beta and to optimize detection and semiquantitation of IL-1 beta mRNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques in skeletal muscle tissue, immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting and several procedures of RNA extraction and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR amplification were used on muscle samples from 12 patients with conditions associated with local production of IL-1 beta (AZT myopathy: 6 patients; sarcoid myopathy: 6 patients) and from 9 patients with normal muscle used as controls. Abundant IL-1 beta immunoreactivities, corresponding to both pro IL-1 beta and mature IL-1 beta as assessed by immunoblotting, were observed in all diseased muscles, either in inflammatory cells (sarcoid myopathy) or in atrophic muscle fibers (AZT myopathy). Acid guanidinium isothiocyanate phenol-chloroform extraction of RNA appeared less efficient for IL-1 beta mRNA detection by RT-PCR than proteinase K digestion followed by phenol-chloroform extraction. Even using the latter procedure, RT-single PCR for IL-1 beta mRNA was puzzlingly negative in all cases but one; in contrast, RT-nested PCR specified by DNA enzyme immunoassay yielded detection of IL-1 beta mRNA in all diseased muscles and in occasional controls, including the expected PCR product of 391 bp, but also another product of 935 bp, corresponding to IL-1 beta mRNA with unsplicing of the fourth intron. Semi-quantitative PCR showed that production of IL-1 beta mRNA was higher in sarcoid myopathy than in AZT myopathy, and in AZT myopathy than in controls. In conclusion, IL-1 beta expression can be reliably studied using immunocytochemistry, but assessment of IL-1 beta mRNA production in muscle tissue requires optimized extraction and RT-PCR procedures.
authors.affiliation: Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Nerf Et le Muscle, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil-Paris XII, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bélec
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Authier
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chazaud
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piédouillet
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barlovatz-Meimon
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Gherardi
mesh_terms: D001284:Atrophy; D001483:Base Sequence; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry*; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015215:Zidovudine