title: Differential effects on portal and effective hepatic blood flow. A comparison between transjugular intrahepatic portasystemic shunt and small-diameter H-graft portacaval shunt.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to determine the effects of transjugular intrahepatic portasystemic shunt (TIPS) and small-diameter prosthetic H-graft portacaval shunt (HGPCS) on portal and effective hepatic blood flow.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Mortality after TIPS is higher than after HGPCS for bleeding varices. This higher mortality is because of hepatic failure, possibly a result of excessive diminution of hepatic blood flow.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients randomized prospectively to undergo TIPS or HGPCS had effective hepatic blood flow determined 1 day preshunt and 5 days postshunt using low-dose galactose clearance. Portal blood flow was determined using color-flow Doppler ultrasound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment groups were similar in age, gender, and Child's class. Each procedure significantly reduced portal pressures and portasystemic pressure gradients. Portal flow after TIPS increased (21 mL/second +/- 11.9 to 31 mL/second +/- 16.9, p < 0.05), whereas it remained unchanged after HGPCS (26 mL/second +/- 27.7 to 14 mL/second +/- 41.1, p = n.s.). Effective hepatic blood flow was diminished significantly after TIPS (1684 mL/minute +/- 2161 to 676 mL/minute +/- 451, p < 0.05) and was unaffected by HGPCS (1901 mL/ minute +/- 1818 to 1662 mL/minute +/- 1035, p = n.s.).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both TIPS and HGPCS achieved significant reductions in portal vein pressure gradients. Portal flow increased after TIPS, although most portal flow was diverted through the shunt. Effective hepatic flow is reduced significantly after TIPS but well preserved after HGPCS. Hepatic decompensation and mortality after TIPS may be because, at least in part, of reductions in nutrient hepatic flow.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rosemurgy
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Zervos
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Goode
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Zwiebel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008102:Liver Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011167:Portacaval Shunt, Surgical; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000502:physiology*; D019168:Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology