title: Pneumococcal bacteremia in hospitalized Israeli adults: epidemiology and resistance to penicillin. Israeli Adult Pneumococcal Bacteremia Group.
abstract: In April 1993 a national survey of pneumococcal bacteremia in hospitalized Israeli adults was started, and this survey covered 23 of the 24 Israeli medical centers. During the first 2 years, 603 episodes of pneumococcal bacteremia were recorded. The overall annual incidence of pneumococcal bacteremia in Israeli adults was 14.5 episodes per 100,000 inhabitants, and the overall mortality rate was 27.8%. Pneumonia was the source of bacteremia in 70.8% of cases, primary bacteremia was the source in 17.5%, meningitis was the source in 7.5%, and otitis media/sinusitis was the source in 4.2%. Of the 258 pneumococcal isolates for which an MIC was determined, 88.8% were susceptible to penicillin, 9.3% were partially resistant, and only 1.9% were highly resistant. Twenty-four serogroups were identified from 398 strains tested. The highest percentage of penicillin-resistant strains belonged to serogroups 23, 19, 9, 4, and 6. Although only 13 of these 24 serogroups correspond to the serotypes included in the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine, they accounted for 94% of all isolates.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Units, Central Emek Hospital, Afula, Israel.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elhanan
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shimoni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kitzes
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rudnicki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Igra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yinnon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D014611:Vaccination