title: Effects of transmural field stimulation in isolated smooth muscle of human rectum and internal anal sphincter.
abstract: Smooth muscle preparations from the circular muscle layer of the most distal rectum and the proximal and distal human internal anal sphincter (IAS) mounted in organ baths to record isometric tension developed spontaneous tension. Transmural electrical field stimulation (TMS) induced frequency- and impulse duration-dependent relaxations sensitive to tetrodotoxin in the stimulation range of 0.5-40 Hz and 0.04-0.6 ms. Poststimulus contractions were most frequent and prominent in rectal preparations. Maximal relaxations were comparable in the three locations and were achieved at 10 Hz and 0.4 ms. The frequency inducing half-maximal response was lower in rectal strips compared with IAS. Phentolamine (10-(6) M) enhanced relaxations and diminished off-contractions at 40 Hz in distal IAS. N omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) concentration dependently inhibited both relaxations and off-contractions (10 Hz, 0.4 ms). The pD2 values (-log EC50) of L-NNA were lower in rectal muscle compared with those in IAS. L-Arginine (10-(4) M) inhibited the blocking effect of L-NNA. In one-half of the preparations, L-NNA reversed the relaxations to duration contractions (15-40 Hz), which were inhibited by atropine in rectal preparations and by phentolamine in IAS. In conclusion, excitatory innervation of the IAS is alpha-adrenergic and cholinergic in the rectum. A product of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway mediates the TMS-induced inhibition of the muscle and is also involved in poststimulus contractions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Glavind
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tøttrup
mesh_terms: D018663:Adrenergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019335:Nitroarginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012007:Rectum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018663:Adrenergic Agents; D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D019335:Nitroarginine; D001120:Arginine