title: A comparison of estrogen replacement, pravastatin, and combined treatment for the management of hypercholesterolemia in postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare the lipid-altering effects of conjugated estrogens and pravastatin, alone and in combination, in postmenopausal women with hypercholesterolemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with 4 parallel groups. Participants (N = 76) were randomly assigned to receive conjugated estrogens, 0.625 mg/d; pravastatin sodium, 20 mg/d; conjugated estrogens plus pravastatin; or a placebo for 16 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary end points were changes in serum lipid parameters. Among participants treated with conjugated estrogens, levels of non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) (13.0%) and calculated low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (13.5%) decreased, while levels of HDL-C (22.5%) and triglycerides (4.2%) increased. Participants in the pravastatin group achieved reductions of 23.7% and 25.4% in non-HDL-C and calculated LDL-C levels, respectively. Levels of HDL-C increased slightly (3.7%) and triglycerides decreased by 12.1%. Among participants treated with a combination of conjugated estrogens plus pravastatin, the non-HDL-C (-25.2%) and calculated LDL-C (-28.7%) responses were similar to those of the pravastatin group, and the HDL-C response (21.2%) was similar to that observed in the conjugated estrogens group. Triglyceride levels remained similar to baseline (-0.9%) in the combined treatment group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of conjugated estrogens resulted in potentially antiatherogenic changes in levels of non-HDL-C, HDL-C, and calculated LDL-C. The HDL-C response to combined treatment was similar to that observed in women taking conjugated estrogens alone, while the non-HDL-C and LDL-C responses to combined treatment were similar to those produced by pravastatin therapy alone. These findings support the position of the National Cholesterol Education Program that estrogen replacement, with a progestin where indicated, should be given consideration as a therapeutic option for the management of hypercholesterolemia in postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Chicago Center for Clinical Research, Ill, USA.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Testolin
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: von Duvillard
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Drennan
mesh_terms: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D017035:Pravastatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D017035:Pravastatin