title: Elimination of adult T cell leukemia cells by ultrasound in the presence of porfimer sodium.
abstract: Sonodynamic effects using porfimer sodium (Photofrin; Pf) on leukemic and normal cells were evaluated. The purpose of this experiment was to compare cell survival among MT-2 cells, normal peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNCs) and adult T cell leukemia (ATL) patients' PMNCs after sonodynamic treatment. Cells were exposed to 450 kHz ultrasound at an intensity of 500 mW/cm2. The survival rate of MT-2 cells exposed to ultrasound alone for 80 s was 20.1 +/- 4.8%, whereas survival rates exposed to ultrasound in combination with 25, 50 and 100 microg/ml of Pf resulted in 11.5 +/- 2.9, 3.2 +/- 1.6 and 1.6 +/- 1.4%, respectively. There was a significant difference of cell survival between the group exposed to ultrasound alone and the Pf-combined groups (n = 6, p < 0.05). On the other hand, in the normal human PMNCs, no significant differences of cell survival rates were found between ultrasound-treated groups with and without Pf. We similarly examined the survival rate of PMNCs in the peripheral blood of five acute-type ATL patients (n = 5) after ultrasound (60 s, 300 mW/cm2) exposure with or without 100 microg/ml of Pf. Comparison of cell survival rate between ultrasound alone and ultrasound plus Pf showed significant differences (69.4 +/- 22.5 and 30.0 +/- 23.0%, respectively). There were no significant cytotoxicities in all Pf alone treated groups of the MT-2 cells, the normal PMNCs and the ATL patients' PMNCs (p < 0.05). It was suggested from this study that there was a specific selectivity of sonodynamic effects to MT-2 cell lines and ATL patients' PMNCs. It is anticipated that this new method of treatment, i.e. sonodynamic therapy, could be used for extracorporeal blood treatment of acute-type ATL patients.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tachibana
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hisano
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morioka
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002470:Cell Survival; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether