title: Rapid liquid-liquid extraction of cocaine from urine for gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis.
abstract: A novel, simple and economic liquid-liquid extraction method for isolating cocaine from urine was developed utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for analysis and quantification. The use of a single nonpolar organic solvent allowed only nonpolar analytes to be extracted from the biological fluid, and consequently, no derivatization step was necessary before GC-MS analysis. Large numbers of specimens (>60) can be extracted in approximately 3 h with this procedure. The method is highly precise (C.V. <7%), accurate (>98%), sensitive (limit of detection of 5 ng/ml) and has a mean recovery of 48.8%.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Referral Laboratories, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32608, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garside
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Goldberger
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Preston
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cone
mesh_terms: D000473:Alkanes; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000652:urine*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; C005618:benzoylecgonine; D003042:Cocaine; C004544:naphtha