title: Microdroplet application of mosquitocidal Bacillus thuringiensis using ultra-low-volume generator for the control of mosquitos.
abstract: In an effort to develop a more effective technique in dispersing a microbial control agent, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), a truck-mounted ultra low volume (ULV) generator (Scorpion) was used to disperse B. thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) and Bti with malathion. Complete larval and adult mortalities for all tested mosquito species within the first 70-80 feet from the ULV generator were achieved. Beyond that distance less than 50% mortality was achieved as insufficient sprayed particles reached the area. A minimum of 10(3) Bti colony forming units per ml is required to cause 100% larval mortality. The sprayed Bti larvicidal toxins were persistent in the test water 7 days post ULV. The effectiveness of B. thuringiensis jegathesan (Btj), a new mosquitocidal Bt serotype was also evaluated. Similar mortality results as Bti were achieved except that the Btj toxins underwent degradation in the test water, since less than 50% less in larval mortality was observed in 7 days post ULV samples. This ULV method has the potential to disperse Bt and malathion effectively for a simultaneous control of mosquito adults and larvae.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Entomology, Institute for Medical research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Seleena
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Nazni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rohani
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kadri
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000254:growth & development; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis; D003465:Culex / Q000254:growth & development; D008294:Malathion; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008294:Malathion