title: Phosphorus-31 chemical shift imaging of metastatic tumors located in the spine region.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used in 14 cases to examine metastases of known malignant tumors located in the spine region. The purpose was to test the hypothesis that tumor phosphomonoester (PME) is elevated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-dimensional chemical shift imaging was used in combination with a slice-select gradient in the third dimension to obtain true three-dimensional localization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The spectral maps revealed PME signals increased up to 10 times in voxels containing contrast-enhancing metastatic spine lesions compared with adjacent areas and peripheral muscle voxels. Phosphomonoester increase was significant for all tumors combined (8.6 +/- 5.3 arbitrary units versus 2.4 +/- 0.5 and 2.2 +/- 0.8 arbitrary units in unaffected myelum and corpora; P < 0.001), though smaller than 2 standard deviations in 5 of 14 cases. The latter shared high proportions of phosphocreatine, phosphocreatine > 30% of total phosphate, indicating substantial amounts of muscle tissue included in the tumor voxels (partial volume effect).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phosphorus-31 MR spectroscopy can be of value in the recognition of malignant vertebral column abnormalities. Malignant tumor is marked by drastic PME increases-fourfold to tenfold, provided that partial volume effects are small.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, University Hospital Rotterdam, The Netherlands. sijens@radh.azr.nl
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Sijens
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van den Bent
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oudkerk
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D010759:Phosphorus Isotopes; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D010759:Phosphorus Isotopes