title: IL-12-deficient dendritic cells, generated in the presence of prostaglandin E2, promote type 2 cytokine production in maturing human naive T helper cells.
abstract: We studied to what extent the presence of an inflammatory mediator PGE2, during the development of dendritic cells (DC) affects their subsequent ability to induce Th1- and Th2-type cytokines in maturing naive Th cells. PGE2 (10(-9)-10(-6) M) did not alter the morphology or the expression of class II MHC and costimulatory molecules on DC obtained from monocytes in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage CSF and IL-4, although at concentrations above 10(-8) M, PGE2 prevented the acquisition of CD1a marker. Both control DC and DC maturing in the presence of PGE2 (PGE2-DC) were potent stimulators of naive Th cells. In contrast to control DC, which produced high amounts of IL-12 and trace amounts of IL-10, PGE2-DC produced no IL-12 and high amounts of IL-10 when stimulated in the absence of PGE2. This distinct cytokine profile of PGE2-DC was stable for at least 48 h of additional culture in the absence of PGE2. Control DC induced the development of Th0-like cells from superantigen-activated naive Th cells, whereas PGE2-DC promoted the development of Th cells that produced high amounts of IL-4 and IL-5. Experiments using IL-12-neutralizing Abs or rIL-12 indicated a crucial role of IL-12 deficiency in the induction of type 2 cytokine profiles. These findings suggest that elevated levels of PGE2 promote type 2 Th responses by stably impairing the ability of maturing DC to produce IL-12. Since type 2 Th responses are protective in several Th1-related autoimmune disorders, PGE2-DC may be considered for use in immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. p.kalinski@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaliński
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hilkens
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Snijders
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Snijdewint
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kapsenberg
mesh_terms: D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000276:immunology*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015232:Dinoprostone