title: Deficient transforming growth factor-beta1 activation and excessive insulin-like growth factor II (IGFII) expression in IGFII receptor-mutant tumors.
abstract: The insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGFIIR) gene has been identified as a coding region target of microsatellite instability in human gastrointestinal (GI) tumors. IGFIIR normally has two growth-suppressive functions: it binds and stimulates the plasmin-mediated cleavage and activation of the latent transforming growth factor-beta1 (LTGF-beta1) complex, and it mediates the internalization and degradation of IGFII ligand, a mitogen. We used an immunohistochemical approach to determine whether IGFIIR mutation affected expression of these proteins in GI tumors. Four highly specific antibodies were used: LC(1-30), which recognizes the active form of TGF-beta1; anti-LTGF-beta1, which detects the LTGF-beta1 precursor protein; anti-IGFIIR; and anti-IGFII ligand. Twenty GI tumors either with (6 of 20) or without (14 of 20) known IGFIIR mutation were examined, along with matching normal tissues. Results were statistically significant in the following categories: (a) decreased active TGF-beta1 protein expression in IGFIIR-mutant tumor tissues versus matching normal tissues or IGFIIR-wild-type tumor tissues; (b) increased LTGF-beta1 protein expression in IGFIIR-mutant tumor tissues versus matching normal tissues or IGFIIR-wild-type tumor tissues; and (c) increased IGFII ligand protein expression in IGFIIR-mutant tumor tissues versus matching normal tissues or IGFIIR-wild-type tumor tissues. These data suggest that in genetically unstable GI tumors, mutation of a microsatellite within the coding region of IGFIIR functionally inactivates this gene, causing both diminished growth suppression (via decreased activation of TGF-beta1) and augmented growth stimulation (via decreased degradation of the IGFII ligand).
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Baltimore Veterans Affairs Hospital, 21201, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Smolinski
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Flanders
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugimura
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Meltzer
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D009154:Mutation; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II