title: Time-kill study of the activity of trovafloxacin compared with ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, metronidazole, cefoxitin, piperacillin and piperacillin/tazobactam against six anaerobes.
abstract: A time-kill method was developed to examine the killing kinetics of trovafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, metronidazole, cefoxitin, piperacillin and piperacillin/tazobactam against one strain each of Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Prevotella melaninogenica, Fusobacterium mortiferum, Peptostreptococcus magnus and Clostridium perfringens. Solutions and suspensions were prepared inside an anaerobic glove box, using syringes and prereduced broth. Bottles were then incubated outside the chamber and viability counts determined after incubation for 0, 6, 24 and 48 h in a shaking water bath, avoiding introduction of air. Bacteriostatic/bactericidal concentrations (mg/L) after 48 h for the six strains were: trovafloxacin, 0.03-1/0.03-1; ciprofloxacin, 0.25-16/0.25-32; sparfloxacin, 0.06-2/0.06-8; metronidazole 1-64/1-64; cefoxitin, 0.125-16/0.125-32; piperacillin, 0.125-64/0.125-64; piperacillin/tazobactam, 0.06-2/0.125-8. Bacteriostatic levels were within two dilutions of broth MICs. By this time-kill method, trovafloxacin had the lowest bacteriostatic concentrations of all compounds tested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology (Clinical Microbiology), Hershey Medical Center, PA 17033, USA.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Spangler
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Appelbaum
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000187:drug effects; D001441:Bacteroides fragilis / Q000187:drug effects; D002440:Cefoxitin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003016:Clostridium perfringens / Q000187:drug effects; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D005673:Fusobacterium / Q000187:drug effects; D006089:Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010397:Penicillanic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010462:Peptostreptococcus / Q000187:drug effects; D010878:Piperacillin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001443:Prevotella melaninogenica / Q000187:drug effects; D015363:Quinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000078142:Tazobactam
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009287:Naphthyridines; D015363:Quinolones; D008795:Metronidazole; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002440:Cefoxitin; D010397:Penicillanic Acid; C080163:trovafloxacin; C061363:sparfloxacin; D000078142:Tazobactam; D010878:Piperacillin