title: Eosinophils in fibrous tracts and near hair bulbs: a helpful diagnostic feature of alopecia areata.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  When biopsy specimens lack a "swarm of bees" peribulbar lymphoid infiltrate, the diagnosis of alopecia areata depends on the recognition of other histologic features of the disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to determine the frequency of the presence of eosinophils in biopsy specimens of alopecia area'a in relation to the other major histologic features of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biopsy specimens from 71 patients with alopecia areata were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eosinophils were present in 38 of the 71 cases. A peribulbar lymphoid infiltrate was absent in 27 of the 71 cases. Eosinophils were present in 13 of these cases. Multiple catagen hairs and pigment casts (features which may lead to confusion with trichotillomania) were present in 39 cases. The presence of eosinophils was found to be a helpful diagnostic feature in cases with potential for misdiagnoses as trichotillomania.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eosinophils are common in all stages of alopecia areata, both within the peribulbar infiltrate and within fibrous tracts. A "swarm of bees" peribulbar infiltrate may be absent. The presence of eosinophils is a helpful diagnostic feature of alopecia areata.
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Service, Wilford Hall Air Force, TX, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Elston
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: McCollough
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Bergfeld
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Liranzo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heibel
mesh_terms: D000506:Alopecia Areata / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000473:pathology*; D006197:Hair / Q000473:pathology; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D012535:Scalp / Q000473:pathology*