title: Intranasal immunization is superior to vaginal, gastric, or rectal immunization for the induction of systemic and mucosal anti-HIV antibody responses.
abstract: Vaginal anti-HIV antibody responses may be beneficial, and possibly required, for vaccine-induced protection against HIV infection acquired through receptive vaginal intercourse. We have previously determined that intranasal immunization with a hybrid HIV peptide and cholera toxin induced vaginal anti-HIV IgA responses in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. To determine if vaginal, gastric, or rectal boosting would enhance the induction of vaginal anti-HIV IgA responses over those observed with intranasal immunization only, C57BL/6 mice were intranasally immunized with the hybrid HIV peptide T1SP10MN(A) and cholera toxin (days 0 and 14) and boosted via the vaginal, gastric, or rectal route (days 7 and 28). Four intranasal immunizations was superior to all other immunizations evaluated for the induction of plasma anti-peptide IgG, vaginal anti-peptide IgG and IgA, and peptide-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity. In addition, intranasal priming with gastric boosting was associated with greatly elevated total serum IgE concentrations whereas intranasal immunization only was associated with only a modest increase in total serum IgE. These results suggest that intranasal immunization is a viable route of immunization for the induction of systemic and mucosal anti-HIV immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Research, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Staats
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Palker
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D012007:Rectum; D013270:Stomach; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D014621:Vagina / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D007073:Immunoglobulin E