title: Differential up-regulation of circulating soluble and endothelial cell intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in mice.
abstract: Although circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) are frequently used as an indicator of the severity of different immune, inflammatory, or neoplastic diseases, little is known about the factors that govern plasma sICAM-1 concentration and its relationship to the membranous form of ICAM-1 (mICAM-1) expressed on vascular endothelial cells. Plasma sICAM-1 concentration (measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and mICAM-1 expression (measured using the dual radiolabeled monoclonal antibody technique) in different vascular beds (eg, lung, small intestine, and spleen) were monitored in wild-type (C57BL) and ICAM-1-deficient mice, before and after administration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. In wild-type mice, TNF-alpha elicited time-dependent increases in lung and intestine mICAM-1 (plateau achieved at 12 hours), with a corresponding increase in plasma sICAM-1 (peaked at 5 hours and then declined). The initial increases in mICAM-1 and pulmonary leukocyte sequestration (measured as lung myeloperoxidase activity) induced by TNF-alpha preceded any detectable elevation in sICAM-1. In ICAM-1-deficient mice, plasma sICAM-1 was reduced by approximately 70%, with > 95% reductions of mICAM-1 in lung and intestine, and > 75% reduction in splenic accumulation of anti-ICAM-1 antibody. Although TNF-alpha doubled plasma sICAM-1 in ICAM-1-deficient mice, mICAM-1 was unaffected in all tissues. Either splenectomy or pretreatment with cycloheximide resulted in an attenuated TNF-induced increase in sICAM-1, without affecting mICAM-1 expression. These findings indicate that plasma sICAM-1 concentration does not accurately reflect the level of ICAM-1 expression on endothelial cells in different vascular beds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport 71130-3932, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gerritsen
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Granger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D007460:Iodoacetamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013156:Splenectomy; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D003513:Cycloheximide; D009195:Peroxidase; D007460:Iodoacetamide