title: Of the GATA-binding proteins, only GATA-4 selectively regulates the human IL-5 gene promoter in IL-5 producing cells which express multiple GATA-binding proteins.
abstract: Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is produced by T lymphocytes and known to support B cell growth and eosinophilic differentiation of the progenitor cells. Using ATL-16T cells which express IL-5 mRNA, we have identified a region, within the human IL-5 gene promoter, that regulates IL-5 gene transcription. This cis-acting sequence contains the core binding motif, (A/T)GATA(A/G), for GATA-binding family proteins and thus suggests the involvement of these family members. In this report, we describe the cloning of human GATA-4 (hGATA-4) and show that hGATA-4 selectively interacts with the -70 GATA site within the IL-5 proximal promoter region. By promoter deletion and mutation analyses, we established this region as a positive regulatory element. Cotransfection experiments revealed that both hGATA-4 and PMA/A23187 stimulation are necessary for the IL-5 promoter activation. The requirement of another regulatory element called CLE0, which lies downstream of the -70 GATA site, was also demonstrated. ATL-16T cells express mRNA of three GATA-binding proteins, hGATA-2, hGATA-3 and hGATA-4, and each of them has a potential to bind to the consensus (A/T)GATA(G/ A) motif. However, using ATL-16T nuclear extract, we demonstrated that GATA-4 is the only GATA-binding protein that forms specific DNA-protein complex with the -70 GATA site. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay with extracts of COS cells expressing GATA-binding proteins showed that GATA-4 has the highest binding affinity to the -70 GATA site among the three GATA-binding proteins. When the transactivation ability was compared among the three, GATA-4 showed the highest activity. These results demonstrate the selective role of GATA-4 in the transcriptional regulation of the IL-5 gene in a circumstance where multiple members of the GATA-binding proteins are expressed.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yazaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirai
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D050989:GATA2 Transcription Factor; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor; D006801:Humans; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050989:GATA2 Transcription Factor; C494711:GATA2 protein, human; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; C494749:GATA3 protein, human; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor; D015848:Interleukin-5; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000001:Calcimycin; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate