title: Intranasal budesonide spray as an adjunct to oral antibiotic therapy for acute sinusitis in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of topical corticosteroids in the treatment of acute sinusitis has not been established in children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  An attempt was made to determine the impact of topical corticosteroids as an adjunct to antibiotic treatment in the management of childhood sinusitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 151 children with sinusitis were recruited from a general pediatric outpatient clinic and 89 completed a 3-week trial. Treatment consisted of amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium, 40 mg/kg/d tid, combined with bid nasal spray of either budesonide, 50 micrograms, to each nostril (n = 43) or placebo )n = 46_ for 3 weeks. Patients maintained daily symptom cards throughout the study and were examined by the same physician each week.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical symptoms and signs decreased significantly in both treatment groups in comparison to baseline (P < .01). We detected a significant improvement in the scores of the cough and nasal discharge at the end of second week in the budesonide group when compared with placebo (P < .05). Friedman nonparametric repeated measures ANOVA test revealed a significant decrease in the total weekly scores of cough during the second week of budesonide treatment (P < .001) in contrast to continuous decline during the second and third weeks in the placebo group (P < .001 and P < .05, respectively). While the nasal discharge score decreased significantly during the second week in the budesonide group (P < .01), no significant effect on the nasal discharge score was observed in the placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that topical corticosteroids may be a useful ancillary treatment to antibiotics in childhood sinusitis and effective in reducing the cough and nasal discharge earlier in the course of acute sinusitis.
authors.affiliation: Marmara University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: I B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Barlan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erkan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakir
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berrak
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Başaran
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000336:Aerosols; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019819:Budesonide; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011282:Pregnenediones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D011282:Pregnenediones; D019819:Budesonide; D000658:Amoxicillin