Dual phasic suppression of viral replication following de novo human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in lymphocytes of asymptomatic HIV-1 carriers.
Replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is suppressed in asymptomatic HIV-1 carriers (ACs). By using an in vitro experimental system, the mechanism of this suppression was investigated. Following in vitro infection of a laboratory HIV-1 strain, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of ACs transiently supported a low level of viral replication, then the virus production rapidly decreased. PCR analysis revealed that HIV-1 proviral DNA integrated in the PBMC of ACs following infection gradually decreased. Such tapering consequences of in vitro HIV-1 infection in the PBMC of ACs were abrogated by depletion of CD8+ T cells from the culture. Furthermore, the viruses subsequently produced by the PBMC of an AC were less able to replicate than the virus produced by CD8+ cell-depleted PBMC of the same donor. These observations suggested that the CD8+ T cell-mediated suppression of HIV-1 replication in ACs may involve both cytocidal and cytostatic mechanisms: the former kills the cells producing viruses, and the latter inhibits viral spread by reducing viral infectivity.
Kannagi
M
M
Department of Immunotherapeutics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
Nakamura
T
T
Akari
H
H
Kuroda
M J
MJ
Fujii
M
M
Oka
S
S
Iwamoto
A
A
Kurata
T
T
Higashi
D
D
Harada
S
S
D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002353:Carrier State; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016662:Virus Integration; D014779:Virus Replication
D004279:DNA, Viral; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24