title: Lineage study of degenerating photoreceptor cells in the rd mouse retina.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A retroviral marker was used to label daughter cells arising from individual neuroblasts in the rd mouse retina, in order to investigate the hypothesis that a clonal relationship exists among degenerating photoreceptor cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  On the day of birth, a single injection of retrovirus with a lac Z (beta-galactosidase) reporter construct was injected into the retina in the vicinity of the subretinal space. Descendants of single neuroblasts were identified histochemically by examining the retinas at P14 (postnatal day 14). Light and electron microscopic studies were used to identify the retrovirally-induced marker beta-galactosidase using Bluo-gal dye. Double-labeling of degenerating cone cells was accomplished by taking 100 microns vibratome sections of retrovirally-injected eyes and using either FITC-PNA or HRP-PNA to visualize clusters of degenerating cones as well as Bluo-gal labeled clones of photoreceptor cells on the same tissue section.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A relatively large number of clones of primarily photoreceptor cells were observed in the peripheral retinas of both normal and rd mice. In a few cases in the rd, photoreceptor cells in a given clone consisted of both PNA- and Bluo-gal-labeled cells as well as of only Bluo-gal-labeled cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that during the period of intense cell death in the rd retina, a single dying photoreceptor cell can be surrounded by photoreceptors (either rods or cones) from the same clone that appear morphologically normal without evidence of degeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Blanks
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spee
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barrón
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death; D002460:Cell Line; D051379:Mice; D008818:Mice, Neurologic Mutants / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D012162:Retinal Degeneration