title: Histologically diagnosed Helicobacter pylori in heart transplant recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of nonautoimmune gastritis and peptic ulceration is well recognized. H. pylori is widely prevalent in the general population, but the incidence among heart transplant recipients has not been reported. Furthermore, the natural history of this infection may be modified by immunosuppression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gastric and duodenal biopsy specimens from 47 heart transplant recipients were examined over a period of 44 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three (49%) patients had H. pylori infection (15 men, 8 women; mean age 49 [range 35 to 59] years). Eight of the 23 (35%) had symptoms. These eight patients were treated for H. pylori with bismuth, metronidazole, and amoxicillin, followed by maintenance H2-receptor antagonists. Dyspepsia continued in six of these patients, with persistence or recurrence of H. pylori being demonstrated in four.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that although histologically diagnosed H. pylori infection is widely prevalent among heart transplant recipients, this prevalence is very similar to the general population. Immunosuppression may play a role in the recurrence or persistence of this infection and may diminish the mucosal inflammatory response to the organism.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Cardiac Surgery, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: F U
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Huwez
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Belcher
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: McPhaden
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wheatley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000473:pathology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000473:pathology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000473:pathology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000473:pathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000473:pathology*; D012008:Recurrence