title: The acidic carboxyl terminus of the bacteriophage T7 gene 4 helicase/primase interacts with T7 DNA polymerase.
abstract: The gene 4 proteins of bacteriophage T7 provide both primase and helicase activities at the replication fork. Efficient DNA replication requires that the functions of the gene 4 protein be coordinated with the movement of the T7 DNA polymerase. We show that a carboxyl-terminal domain of the gene 4 protein is required for interaction with T7 DNA polymerase during leading strand DNA synthesis. The carboxyl terminus of the gene 4 protein is highly acidic: of the 17 carboxyl-terminal amino acids 7 are negatively charged. Deletion of the coding region for these 17 residues results in a gene 4 protein that cannot support the growth of T7 phage. The purified mutant gene 4 protein has wild-type levels of both helicase and primase activities; however, DNA synthesis catalyzed by T7 DNA polymerase on a duplex DNA substrate is stimulated by this mutant protein to only about 5% of the level of synthesis obtained with wild-type protein. The mutant gene 4 protein can form hexamers and bind single-stranded DNA, but as determined by native PAGE analysis, the protein cannot form a stable complex with the DNA polymerase. The mutant gene 4 protein can prime DNA synthesis normally, indicating that for lagging strand synthesis a different set of helicase/primase-DNA polymerase interactions are involved. These findings have implications for the mechanisms coupling leading and lagging strand DNA synthesis at the T7 replication fork.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Notarnicola
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Mulcahy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Richardson
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017123:Bacteriophage T7 / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D019915:DNA Primase; D004261:DNA Replication; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D007700:Kinetics; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008961:Models, Structural; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012316:RNA Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013698:Templates, Genetic
chemical_list: D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019915:DNA Primase; D012316:RNA Nucleotidyltransferases; C034970:bacteriophage T7 induced DNA polymerase; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase