title: The Arabidopsis downy mildew resistance gene RPP5 shares similarity to the toll and interleukin-1 receptors with N and L6.
abstract: Plant disease resistance genes operate at the earliest steps of pathogen perception. The Arabidopsis RPP5 gene specifying resistance to the downy mildew pathogen Peronospora parasitica was positionally cloned. It encodes a protein that possesses a putative nucleotide binding site and leucine-rich repeats, and its product exhibits striking structural similarity to the plant resistance gene products N and L6. Like N and L6, the RPP5 N-terminal domain resembles the cytoplasmic domains of the Drosophila Toll and mammalian interleukin-1 transmembrane receptors. In contrast to N and L6, which produce predicted truncated products by alternative splicing, RPP5 appears to express only a single transcript corresponding to the full-length protein. However, a truncated form structurally similar to those of N and L6 is encoded by one or more other members of the RPP5 gene family that are tightly clustered on chromosome 4. The organization of repeated units within the leucine-rich repeats encoded by the wild-type RPP5 gene and an RPP5 mutant allele provides molecular evidence for the heightened capacity of this domain to evolve novel configurations and potentially new disease resistance specificities.
authors.affiliation: Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Szabò
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: van der Biezen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moores
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004330:Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005658:Fungi / Q000472:pathogenicity; D017343:Genes, Plant; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018744:DNA, Plant; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C107295:RPP5 protein, Arabidopsis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; C068721:Tl protein, Drosophila; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors