title: Interleukin-8 selectively enhances cytopathic effect (CPE) induced by positive-strand RNA viruses in the human WISH cell line.
abstract: Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a proinflammatory chemokine, is induced by viruses and appears in circulation during viral infections. We found that IL-8 enhanced cytopathic effect induced by the positive strand RNA virus, encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), in the human WISH cell line. The enhancement was dependent on IL-8 dose and virus dose and was reversible by specific monoclonal antibodies to IL-8. The chemokine was also able to increase EMC viral RNA synthesis and infectious virus yield. This IL-8 enhancing action was not observed in the case of the negative strand RNA virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), in WISH cells. We examined the activity of constitutive 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS), a pathway that was implicated in protection from EMCV but not VSV. The IL-8 action in EMCV-infected cells, unlike VSV-infected cells, was associated with decreased OAS activity in a manner that was independent of OAS gene expression. Understanding mechanisms of cytokine enhancement of viral activity may lead to novel ways to control viral infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Khabar
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Zoghaibi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mukaida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dhalla
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Al-Ahdal
mesh_terms: D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000650:Amnion; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004686:Encephalomyocarditis virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D012367:RNA, Viral; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase