title: Feasibility and efficacy of locally delivered enoxaparin via the Channeled Balloon catheter on smooth muscle cell proliferation following balloon injury in rabbits.
abstract: To determine the potential utility of local treatment of enoxaparin on restenosis, four groups of rabbits underwent balloon injury of bilateral iliac arteries with the Channeled Balloon (balloon/artery = 1.1), followed by assigned treatment (5 controls received local saline, 7 local-treatment rabbits received a one-time local delivery of 10 mg/kg of enoxaparin, 5 systemic-treatment rabbits received 10 mg/kg of enoxaparin subcutaneously once daily for 1 wk, and 5 combined-treatment rabbits received both local and systemic enoxaparin). The percentage of nuclei positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen/microns2 of media 1 wk later was 1.97 +/- 2.01 for the control group, 2.68 +/- 2.52 for the local group, 0.22 +/- 0.32 for the systemic group, and 0.07 +/- 0.09 for the combined group (P < 0.0001 by Kruskal-Wallis test, with P < 0.05 for combined treatment group vs. controls or local treatment group and systemic vs. local groups). Feasibility study with 3H-enoxaparin showed intramural retention of 0.1-0.2% of locally delivered amount for 24 h. We conclude that one-time local delivery of enoxaparin following angioplasty is ineffective in inhibiting medial smooth muscle cell proliferation, most likely due to low efficiency. Only sustained treatment resulted in significant reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bramwell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjurmin
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Leon
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017984:Enoxaparin; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen