title: Serum concentrations of free ubiquitin and multiubiquitin chains.
abstract: Ubiquitin, which can conjugate with cellular proteins, is classified into two forms: free ubiquitin and multiubiquitin chains. The latter is active as a signal for degradation of the targeted proteins. We found both forms in human serum and, using two immunoassays, quantitated them in sera from healthy subjects and patients with some diseases. Because of putative leakage of erythrocyte ubiquitin, hemolytic serum and serum obtained after long incubation (> 1-2 h) of blood at room temperature were excluded. Serum concentrations of multiubiquitin chains and free ubiquitin were substantially higher in rheumatoid arthritis and hemodialysis patients, respectively, than healthy subjects. Additionally, in acute viral hepatitis, serum multiubiquitin chain concentrations were increased in the acute phase, decreased in the recovery phase, and correlated with alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities (r = 0.676 and 0.610, P < 0.0001 and < 0.001, respectively). Therefore, serum ubiquitin may have prognostic value.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry (I), (Kashiwa Hospital), Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nasu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hibi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujise
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimuro
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokosawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohkawa
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006461:Hemolysis; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011786:Quality Control; D012016:Reference Values; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014452:Ubiquitins; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase