title: Effect of glucose on the function of the calcitriol receptor and vitamin D metabolism.
abstract: The genomic action of calcitriol is mediated through the interaction of the calcitriol receptor (VDR) with vitamin D response elements (VDREs) of the target genes. It has been proposed that chemicals capable of Schiff base formation with the VDR potentially could alter the physiological function of VDR and calcitriol metabolism. Since glucose has been shown to form Schiff bases with proteins, we tested the hypothesis that glucose could influence the function of VDR and thereby alter calcitriol metabolism. Glucose 6-phosphate inhibited VDR binding to the osteocalcin VDRE and chemically modified the DNA binding domain or the dimerization domain of the VDR in vitro. Further, glucose also blocked the production of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) enzyme induced by calcitriol in cells transfected with a constructed VDRE attached to a CAT reporter gene. Hyperglycemia induced by glucose infusion or by streptozotocin in normal rats significantly reduced intestinal 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase activity. Taken together, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that glucose could interact with the VDR to impair its DNA binding and function within cells.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Division, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics; D053495:Osteopontin; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism*; D065668:Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase
chemical_list: D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; C506895:SPP1 protein, human; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; C506897:Spp1 protein, rat; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; D014807:Vitamin D; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; D065668:Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase; D002117:Calcitriol; D005947:Glucose