title: Effects of antimicrobial treatment at the end of lactation on milk yield, somatic cell count, and incidence of clinical mastitis during the subsequent lactation in a dairy herd with a low prevalence of contagious mastitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether treating cows with antimicrobials at the end of lactation would lower the incidence of clinical mastitis, improve milk production, and decrease somatic cell count (SCC) in the subsequent lactation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized blind field trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  233 Holstein cows from a single herd. All cows were in lactation 2 or greater.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cows were randomly assigned to treatment groups. Treated cows were given procaine penicillin G and novobiocin by intramammary infusion. Control cows were not treated. Farm personnel recorded cases of clinical mastitis. Milk yield and SCC were recorded during the subsequent lactation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment did not significantly reduce the incidence of clinical mastitis when data for all cows were grouped or when data were stratified by lactation groups (lactation 2 vs lactation > or = 3) or by last SCC (< or = 500,000 cells/ml vs > 500,000 cells/ml). Somatic cell counts (first, mean of first 5, maximum of first 5) for treated and control cows were similar, and proportions of treated and control cows with SCC > 500,000 cells/ml at least once were not significantly different. Treated cows produced 179 kg (394 lb) more milk during the first 17 weeks of lactation than did control cows.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treating cows with antimicrobials at the end of lactation increased 17-week milk production during the subsequent lactation and, at current milk prices, was financially preferable to not treating them.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D002452:Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015994:Incidence; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008892:Milk / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D009174:Mycoplasma / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D009675:Novobiocin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010402:Penicillin G Procaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010406:Penicillins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015995:Prevalence; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D009675:Novobiocin; D010402:Penicillin G Procaine