title: Bcl-6 protein expression in normal and neoplastic lymphoid tissues.
abstract: The human bcl-6 gene, which is rearranged in about 30% of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLCL-B), encodes for a Kruppel-type zinc finger protein of 706 amino acids. In order to investigate the expression of the bcl-6 gene at the protein level, two monoclonal antibodies (PG-B6a and PG-B6p) directed against the human bcl-6 protein were generated by immunizing Balb/c mice with a recombinant protein corresponding to the amino-terminal region (amino acids 3-484) of bcl-6. PG-B6a (a = avian) recognized the most conserved bcl-6 epitope (expressed in many animal species, including avian). PG-B6p (p = paraffin) reacted with an epitope of bcl-6 partially resistant to fixatives and detectable on microwave-heated paraffin sections. At immunocytochemistry, bcl-6 localized in the nucleus with a microgranular or diffuse pattern. Strong nuclear expression of bcl-6 was mainly detected in normal germinal-center B-cells, whereas mantle- and marginal-zone B cells, as well as plasma cells and marrow B-cell precursors, did not express bcl-6. These immunohistological findings strongly suggest that bcl-6 may play a role as a regulator of germinal-center related functions. All MoAbs stained neoplastic cells of follicular lymphomas, DLCL-B, and Burkitt's lymphomas. In DLCL-B, bcl-6 expression was independent of bcl-6 gene rearrangements and did not correlate with expression of other markers or the proliferation index. Among low-grade B-cell lymphomas, immunostaining for bcl-6 proved useful for differentiating proliferation centers in B-CLL (bcl-2+/bcl-6-) from trapped germinal centers in mantle-cell lymphomas (bcl-2-/bcl-6+). Strong nuclear positivity for bcl-6 was consistently detected in tumor (L&H) cells of nodular, lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease (NLPHD). These results further support the concept that NLPHD is a histogenetically distinct (germinal-center derived) subtype of HD. Notably, the nuclei of reactive CD3+/ CD4+ T cells near to and rosetting around L&H cells in NLPHD were also strongly bcl-6+, but lacked CD40 ligand (CD40L) expression. This staining pattern clearly differed from that of classic HD, whose cellular background was made up of CD3+/CD4+ T cells showing the bcl-6-/CD40L+ phenotype. The above immunohistological findings suggest that (a) bcl-6 may play a role in regulating B-cell differentiation step(s) occurring within germinal centers; (b) deregulated bcl-6 expression caused by rearrangements may contribute to B-lymphomagenesis; (c) bcl-6 is possibly involved in the pathogenesis of NLPHD.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, University of Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Falini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fizzotti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pileri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liso
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pasqualucci
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Flenghi
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008208:Lymphatic System / Q000378:metabolism; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D014157:Transcription Factors