title: In vitro action of various carbamide peroxide gel bleaching agents on the microhardness of human enamel.
abstract: The authors verified a decrease in human enamel microhardness after application of the following carbamide peroxide gel bleaching agents for 8 hours daily for 1 week: 10% Nite White, 16% Nite White, Opalescence, Karisma Alpha and Perfect Smile. Statistical analysis showed that these agents caused a decrease in enamel microhardness. Nite White (16%) was the most effective in reducing enamel microhardness and Opalescente the least effective. Nite White (10%), Karisma Alpha and Perfect Smile fell into a statistically intermediate position.
authors.affiliation: Disciplina de Endodontia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Pinheiro Júnior
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fidel
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: da Cruz Filho
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Pécora
mesh_terms: D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005782:Gels; D006244:Hardness / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D010545:Peroxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005782:Gels; D010545:Peroxides; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea