title: Positional changes in the mandibular condyle and amount of mouth opening after sagittal split ramus osteotomy with rigid or nonrigid osteosynthesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate postoperative positional changes in the mandibular condyle and mouth opening in patients undergoing sagittal split ramus osteotomy with either rigid or nonrigid osteosynthesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The forty-six patients with mandibular prognathism underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy for mandibular set back followed by fixation with one of four methods: circumferential wire (n = 11), lag screw technique (n = 10), positional screw technique (n = 10), or miniplates (n = 15). The changes in the condylar position were assessed by measuring the angle of the condylar long axis (the condylar angle) on submentovertex radiographs. Mouth opening was evaluated by measuring the interincisal distance immediately after the release of maxillomandibular fixation and by monitoring the duration of trismus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regardless of the procedure used the condylar angle increased in most patients after surgery (80 of 92 condyles). Although the amount of increase tended to be higher with rigid osteosynthesis than with nonrigid osteosynthesis, no significant differences were observed among the groups. Mouth opening was not significantly influenced by the type of osteosynthesis, and no patient complained of limitation 1 year after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although inward rotation of the condyle frequently occurs after osteosynthesis regardless of the procedure used, the changes in condylar position are within the range of adaptability of the patient.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakurada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwase
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagumo
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D001864:Bone Wires; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019248:Jaw Fixation Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000601:surgery*; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014313:Trismus / Q000209:etiology