title: Diagnosis and treatment of nephrotic syndrome during pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To set forth the methods of diagnosis and treatment of nephrotic syndrome during pregnancy (NSP) so as to decrease perinatal mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty cases of NSP including 5 twins in Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology in the past 13 years have been reviewed, and the diagnosis and treatment were compared between group A (1979-1990, 23 cases) and group B (1991-1992, 17 cases).
  
  
  RESULTS
  NSP occurred before the 20th gestational week in 15% of cases and the patient's condition was serious. Clinically, NSP was classified into three types: simple, nephritis and pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) type. The perinatal maternal and fetal prognosis was poor. Complications occurred in 27.5% of patients. One patient died from eclampsia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The total perinatal mortality was 42.22%, with group A (27 babies including 4 twins), 51.86% (14/27), and group B (18 babies including 1 twin), 27.78% (5/18) (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NSP is a result of reproductive immunology and belongs to type III allergic reaction in terms of immunology. Early diagnosis, early treatment and timely termination of pregnancy may improve the outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone