title: Dexamethasone potently enhances phorbol ester-induced IL-1beta gene expression and nuclear factor NF-kappaB activation.
abstract: The synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone, an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agent, was investigated for its effect on PMA-mediated expression of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta in the human monocytic leukemic cell line THP-1. PMA alone induced the production of low levels of IL-1beta in THP-1 cells, whereas dexamethasone alone had no effect. However, dexamethasone potently enhanced PMA-mediated IL-1beta production. Using a selective and potent inhibitor of protein kinase C, we found that synergistic interaction between PMA and dexamethasone requires protein kinase C activation. PMA has been known to activate nuclear factor NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells. Using an oligonucleotide probe corresponding to an NF-kappaB DNA-binding motif of the IL-1beta gene promoter in gel electrophoresis mobility shift assays, we demonstrated that PMA-induced NF-kappaB activation was greatly potentiated by dexamethasone. Our results indicate that glucocorticoids can be positive regulators of inflammatory cytokine gene expression during monocytic cell differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH 45267, USA. wangye@ucbeh.san.uc.edu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Pike
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D007938:Leukemia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016328:NF-kappa B; D003907:Dexamethasone; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate