title: Esterases A5-B5 in organophosphate-resistant Culex pipiens from Italy.
abstract: Culex pipiens mosquitos from Lignano city, Udine province, northeast Italy, were found to carry over-produced non-specific esterases A1, A2-B2 and A4-B4 or A5-B5, detected by starch gel electrophoresis, giving multiple resistance to organophosphorus insecticides. In order to differentiate between A4-B4 and A5-B5 esterases, the latter known only from Cyprus whereas the former is widespread in Italy and elsewhere, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed at the esterase B locus. Both B4 and B5 haplotypes were found. This is the first record of A5-B5 esterase-mediated resistance in continental Europe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Severini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marinucci
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guillemaud
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raymond
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D043182:Carboxylesterase; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D003465:Culex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D004592:Electrophoresis, Starch Gel; D006239:Haplotypes; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007558:Italy; D007814:Larva; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; D043182:Carboxylesterase; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; C023073:tosylarginine methyl ester hydrolase; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C049262:esterase B