title: Kainate receptors mediate a slow postsynaptic current in hippocampal CA3 neurons.
abstract: Glutamate, the neurotransmitter at most excitatory synapses in the brain, activates a variety of receptor subtypes that can broadly be divided into ionotropic (ligand-gated ion channels) and metabotropic (G-protein-coupled) receptors. Ionotropic receptors mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission, and based on pharmacological and molecular biological studies are divided into NMDA and non-NMDA subtypes. The non-NMDA receptor group is further divided into AMPA and kainate subtypes. Virtually all fast excitatory postsynaptic currents studied so far in the central nervous system are mediated by the AMPA and NMDA subtypes of receptors. Surprisingly, despite extensive analysis of their structure, biophysical properties and anatomical distribution, a synaptic role for kainate receptors in the brain has not been found. Here we report that repetitive activation of the hippocampal mossy fibre pathway, which is associated with high-affinity kainate binding and many of the kainate receptor subtypes, generates a slow excitatory synaptic current with all of the properties expected of a kainate receptor. This activity-dependent synaptic current greatly augments the excitatory drive of CA3 pyramidal cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California at San Francisco, 94143, USA.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Malenka
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nicoll
mesh_terms: D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000378:metabolism; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D013569:Synapses
chemical_list: D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D007608:Kainic Acid; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors; C079692:GYKI 53655