title: Continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (CHART) in localized cancer of the esophagus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and toxicity of continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (CHART) in locoregional control compared with a historical group of patients treated with conventionally fractionated radical radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1985 and 1994, 54 patients with localized esophageal cancer were treated with CHART. Twenty-eight patients received CHART alone (54 Gy in 36 fractions over 12 consecutive days) and 15 were given intravenous mitomycin C and cisplatin on days 10 and 13, respectively. Eleven patients received 40.5 Gy in 27 fractions over 9 days, followed by a single high-dose-rate intraluminal brachytherapy insertion of 15 Gy at 1 cm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acute toxicity was well tolerated and dysphagia was improved in 35 patients (65%), with 28 (52%) eating a normal diet by week 12. This compares with an improvement in dysphagia score in 72% of the conventionally treated group. The median duration of relief of dysphagia was 7.8 months (range 0-41.4) in the CHART group compared with 5.5 months (range 0-48) in the controls. Strictures developed in 29 patients (61%) and 18 were confirmed on biopsy to be due to recurrent disease. Median survival was 12 months (range 0.5-112) in the CHART group and 15 months (range 3.6-56) in the control patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CHART is well tolerated and achieves a high rate of local control. Palliation in the short overall treatment time of esophageal cancer is an advantage in these patients whose median survival is only 12 months.
authors.affiliation: Marie Curie Research Wing, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, Middlesex, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hoskin
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Foy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dische
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002423:Cause of Death; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage
chemical_list: D016685:Mitomycin; D002945:Cisplatin