title: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis--correlation between different histologic stages and direct immunofluorescence results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a well-known clinico-pathologic entity. A good correlation between clinical and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) findings has been shown only in the early stages of vasculitis. Our purpose was to determine the correlation between different stages of vasculitis, etiology of vasculitis, and DIF findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histologic and DIF studies were performed and evaluated from 40 patients with leukocytoclastic vasculitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-seven out of 40 patients (92%) showed positive DIF findings in the blood vessel walls. Eight patients were in the early stage of vasculitis and exhibited deposits mainly of fibrinogen, C3, and IgM. Seventeen patients were at the fully developed vasculitis stage and showed albumin, fibrinogen, and IgG deposits. Fifteen patients were in the late stage of vasculitis and showed deposits of mainly fibrinogen and C3 in the blood vessel walls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates that DIF examination is a very sensitive test in the diagnosis of vasculitis, and can be used in all stages of vasculitis and not only in the early stages as has been shown in previous studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Soroka Medical Center of Kupat Holim, Ben-Gurlon University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Grunwald
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Avinoach
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Amichai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halevy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000032:analysis; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000473:pathology; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D018366:Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D003176:Complement C3; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D012709:Serum Albumin; D005340:Fibrinogen