title: The clinical significance of rigors in febrile children.
abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the significance of rigor as a predictor of bacterial infection in hospitalized febrile infants and children. One hundred febrile children with rigor were studied and compared to 334 febrile matched controls without rigor. All underwent clinical evaluation and appropriate laboratory investigations. The patients were then divided into "bacterial" and "non bacterial" infection groups, as defined in the text. It was demonstrated that 66% of the patients with rigor belonged to the bacterial infection group versus 50% in the non-rigor group (P < 0.005). There was a significantly greater yield of positive blood cultures in the patients with rigor (P < 0.04), especially those over the age of 1 year (P < 0.015). The only laboratory examination of potential value as a predictor of bacterial infection in children with rigor was the band count. An absolute band count of more than 1500/mm was significantly more frequent in the rigor group (P < 0.003), and the combination of a rigor and band count of more than 1500 increased the relative risk for a bacterial infection by a factor of 1.35. These data demonstrate that rigor in hospitalized febrile infants or children significantly increase the likelihood of bacterial infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the absence of rigors in febrile children does not exclude bacterial aetiology, their presence significantly increase the probability of an infection requiring appropriate workup and a reader institution of antibiotic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Department, Bnai Zion Medical Centre, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tal
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Even
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kugelman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hardoff
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Srugo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaffe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012768:Shivering / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers