title: Physiological hyperglycemia slows gastric emptying in normal subjects and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Marked hyperglycemia slows and hypoglycemia accelerates gastric emptying. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of physiological changes in blood glucose gastric emptying.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 8 healthy subjects and 9 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without gastrointestinal tract symptoms or evidence of neuropathy, gastric emptying of a mixed meal was measured by scintigraphy. Using an insulin-glucose clamp, the blood glucose concentration was stabilized at 4 and 8 mmol/L on 2 separate days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intragastric retention of the solid meal component at 100 minutes was 55.2% +/- 4.5% at 8 mmol/L vs. 36.7% +/- 5.5% at 4 mmol/L (P = 0.004) in normal subjects and 44.2% +/- 4.2% vs. 35.7% +/- 4.2% (P = 0.004) in patients with IDDM. The time taken for 50% emptying of the liquid meal was 57.0 +/- 10.8 minutes at 8 mmol/L vs. 32.2 +/- 12.6 minutes at 4 mmol/L (P = 0.002) in normal subjects and 41.3 +/- 3.4 minutes vs. 29.1 +/- 3.5 minutes (P = 0.002) in patients with IDDM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in blood glucose within the normal postprandial range have a significant impact on gastric emptying in both normal subjects and patients with IDDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Orebro Medical Center Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schvarcz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palmér
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stridsberg
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013270:Stomach / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; C083602:technetium Tc 99m nanocolloid