title: An in vitro study of the coronal leakage of two root canal sealers using an obligate anaerobe microbial marker.
abstract: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the coronal leakage of obligate anaerobes into root canals obturated with lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha with two root canal sealers. Sixty extracted human teeth with straight, single root canals were prepared using the modified double-flared technique with balanced force under copious irrigation until the master apical file was size 40. The teeth were divided randomly into experimental groups (40 teeth) and control groups (20 teeth). In the experimental groups, 20 teeth were obturated with lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha and AH26 sealer and 20 teeth were obturated with the same technique using TubliSeal EWT sealer. In the control groups, 10 teeth were obturated with the same technique either with AH26 or TubliSeal EWT sealer. These teeth were completely sealed to serve as negative controls. The remaining 10 teeth were not obturated and served as positive controls. The root surface of each tooth was sealed with nail varnish except the apical 2 mm. The coronal part of each root canal was sealed with the cut end of polypropylene tube and placed in a glass bottle containing sterile Fastidious Anaerobe Broth (FAB). Aliquots of 0.5 mL of FAB were injected into the polypropylene tube and the model system was centrifuged at 168 g. An inoculum of Fusobacterium nucleatum in FAB was placed in each coronal chamber at 7-day intervals and daily observations were made for bacterial growth in the apical reservoir for 12 weeks. All positive control teeth showed bacterial leakage within a week, while the negative control teeth remained uncontaminated throughout the test period. All the experimental teeth exhibited leakage of bacterial metabolites within 12 weeks, ranging from 1 to 12 weeks. The mean time for complete leakage in the AH26 and the TubliSeal EWT groups was 8.4 and 8.2 weeks respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in leakage between the AH26 and the TubliSeal EWT groups.
authors.affiliation: University of Glasgow Dental School, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chailertvanitkul
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: MacKenzie
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Weetman
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000382:microbiology; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000382:microbiology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008709:Methenamine; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012834:Silver; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014025:Titanium; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000382:microbiology; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; D012834:Silver; C028044:epoxy resin AH-26; C048769:tubliseal; D014025:Titanium; D008709:Methenamine; D001729:Bismuth