title: Sex chromosome markers: characterization using fluorescence in situ hybridization and review of the literature.
abstract: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using biotin labeled X- and Y-chromosome DNA probes was utilized in the analysis of 23 sex chromosome-derived markers. Specimens were obtained through prenatal diagnosis, because of a presumptive diagnosis of Ullrich-Turner syndrome, mental retardation, and minor anomalies or ambiguous genitalia; three were spontaneous abortuses. Twelve markers were derived from the X chromosome and eleven from the Y chromosome; this demonstrates successfully the value and necessity of FISH utilizing DNA probes in the identification of sex chromosome markers. Both fresh and older slides, some of which had been previously G-banded, were used in these determinations. We have also reviewed the literature on sex chromosome markers identified using FISH.
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Genetics, Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Depinet
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leana-Cox
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Isada
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Karson
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Pasztor
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Sheppard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stallard
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Zinn
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Zurcher
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zackowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012730:Sex Chromosomes; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers