title: Quantitative EEG and statistical mapping of wakefulness and REM sleep in the evaluation of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Statistical probability mapping was used to quantify and localize EEG differences between 27 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 25 age- and gener-matched controls. Differences in mean activity in four EEG frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta) for wakefulness and for REM sleep were examined, t-statistic maps clearly highlighted common pattern anomalies in AD patients in the two states. More specifically, Alzheimer patients were more affected than control subjects in parieto-temporal and frontal regions. These differences were more prominent in REM sleep and consisted primarily in an increase in absolute delta and theta activities, and a decrease in absolute alpha and beta activities. Discriminant analysis, using a ratio of slow over fast frequencies, yielded a classification rate of 90.4% (sensitivity 81.5%, specificity 100%) for REM sleep. For wakefulness, the same measure allowed correct classification of 80.8% of the subjects (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 96%).
authors.affiliation: Centre d'ètude du Sommeil, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur, Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hassainia
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montplaisir
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001611:Beta Rhythm; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000295:instrumentation; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D003700:Delta Rhythm; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008432:Mathematical Computing; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012016:Reference Values; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology*; D013826:Theta Rhythm; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*