title: Hydroxyl free radicals generated by vanadyl[IV] induce cell blebbing in mitotic human Chang liver cells.
abstract: Vanadium has recently been reported to induce interphase and M-phase (mitotic) programmed cell death via the generation of hydroxyl free radicals (OH*). In this paper, the effects of antioxidants on: (a) vanadyl[IV]-generated OH* free radical levels; and (b) cellular glutathione in vanadyl [IV]-treated Chang liver cells were evaluated. The surface morphology of vanadyl-treated mitotic cells was studied by confocal and scanning microscopy. The free radical scavengers zinc chloride, glucose and thiourea reduced the levels of vanadyl-induced OH* free radicals and partially prevented the depletion of cellular glutathione. Concurrent with OH* free radical production, vanadyl-treated telophase cells exhibited excessive cell blebbing and cell shrinkage. The morphological features demonstrated in vanadyl-induced mitotic programmed cell death as a consequence of oxidative stress is novel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore.
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Bay
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Sit
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paramanantham
authors.forename: Y G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013692:Telophase; D013890:Thiourea / Q000494:pharmacology; D014638:Vanadates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017967:Zinc Compounds; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D014638:Vanadates; C016837:zinc chloride; D005978:Glutathione; D013890:Thiourea; D005947:Glucose