title: Expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 protein and messenger ribonucleic acid by the oviduct of cyclic, early-pregnant, and ovariectomized steroid-treated gilts.
abstract: It has been suggested that tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 has a role in reproductive tissues, regulating tissue remodeling or enhancing embryonic development. Oviductal TIMP-1 mRNA levels and protein expression were examined in gilts during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy and in steroid-treated ovariectomized (OVX) gilts by explant culture, two-dimensional SDS-PAGE and fluorography, dot-blot hybridization, immunoblot analysis, RIA, and immunocytochemical studies. TIMP-1 mRNA levels in the oviduct during the estrous cycle were greater (p < 0.02) on Days 2, 15, and 18 than on other days examined, and analysis of oviductal functional segments indicated an effect of day (p < 0.003), an effect of segment (p < 0.007), and a day x segment effect (p < 0.03). The level of TIMP-1 mRNA was greater (p < 0.003) in the isthmus (I) on Day 2 than in the ampulla (A) or infundibulum (INF) or on other days examined (0 and 12). In steroid-treated OVX gilts, an effect of treatment with estradiol valerate (EV) + progesterone (P4) was shown with increased (p < 0.003) TIMP-1 mRNA levels. De novo synthesis of TIMP-1 protein was found throughout the estrous cycle and early pregnancy in all functional segments, but protein expression was greater in the I and greatest on Day 2. In steroid-treated OVX gilts, TIMP-1 protein synthesis was greatest in the I regardless of treatment, but with increased intensity after EV+P4 treatment. TIMP-1 protein was found in oviductal flushings during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy, and in steroid-treated OVX gilts regardless of day, status, or treatment. Differences in TIMP-1 concentrations in oviductal fluid were found by day (p < 0.001), with breed differences detected between the Meishan and standard Western breeds. TIMP-1 protein was immunolocalized primarily to luminal epithelium of the INF, A, and I on all days of the estrous cycle and early pregnancy and to some cells in the stroma and blood vessel walls. Staining intensity correlated with TIMP-1 protein levels in oviductal flushings. The role of TIMP-1 in the oviduct remains to be established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610-0294, USA. wbuhi.obgyn@obgyn.ufl.edu
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Buhi
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Pickard
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: McIntush
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kouba
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Ashworth
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004971:Estrus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D006023:Glycoproteins; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol