title: Differences in synovial fluid cytokine levels between juvenile and adult rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate quantitative or qualitative differences in synovial fluid (SF) cytokine levels among patients with systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), antinuclear antibody positive pauciarticular JRA, or adult RA.
  
  
  METHODS
  SF levels of interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) IL-11, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), soluble TNF receptor 1 (sTNFR1), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), all measured by immunoassays, and of IL-6, measured with a bioassay using B9 cells, were evaluated in 11 patients with systemic JRA, 24 with pauciarticular JRA, and 22 adult patients with RA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SF IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with systemic JRA than patients with pauciarticular JRA (p = 0.003) or RA (p = 0.002). IL-1alpha was detectable in 12/24 SF samples from pauciarticular JRA, in 2/22 SF from RA, and in no sample from systemic JRA (p = 0.004 vs RA; p = 0.005 vs systemic JRA). SF IL-11 levels were significantly higher in patients with RA than patients with systemic JRA (p = 0.012) or pauciarticular JRA (p = 0.005). We found no significant differences in SF levels of IL-1beta, IL-1Ra, TNF-alpha, sTNFR1, or LIF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In systemic JRA, SF levels of IL-6 are significantly higher than in pauciarticular JRA or in RA; IL-1alpha is present in a significant proportion of patients with pauciarticular JRA, but not in those with RA or systemic JRA.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Pediatrica, Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universita' degli Studi di Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Mateo, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Benedetti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pignatti
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gerloni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Massa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sartirana
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caporali
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Montecucco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fantini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D017370:Interleukin-11; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008222:Lymphokines; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C010598:leukocyte inhibitory factor