title: Activation of the ethylene gas response pathway in Arabidopsis by the nuclear protein ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 and related proteins.
abstract: Mutations in the Arabidopsis ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) gene severely limit a plant's response to the gaseous hormone ethylene. ein3 mutants show a loss of ethylene-mediated effects including gene expression, the triple response, cell growth inhibition, and accelerated senescence. EIN3 acts downstream of the histidine kinase ethylene receptor, ETR1, and the Raf-like kinase, CTR1. The EIN3 gene encodes a novel nuclear-localized protein that shares sequence similarity, structural features, and genetic function with three EIN3-LIKE (EIL) proteins. In addition to EIN3, EIL1 orEIL2 were able to complement ein3, suggesting their participation in the ethylene signaling pathway. Overexpression of EIN3 or EIL1 in wild-type or ethylene-insensitive2 plants conferred constitutive ethylene phenotypes, indicating their sufficiency for activation of the pathway in the absence of ethylene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Plant Science Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6018, USA.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rothenberg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Solano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roman
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Terzaghi
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ecker
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000502:physiology; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000502:physiology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D063245:Plant Development; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C106987:EIN3 protein, Arabidopsis; D005030:Ethylenes; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C036216:ethylene