title: In vivo and in vitro antiplasmodial activities of some plants traditionally used in Guatemala against malaria.
abstract: We present an evaluation of the antiplasmodial and cytotoxic effects of four plants commonly used in Guatemalan folk medicine against malaria. Methanol extracts of Simarouba glauca D. C., Sansevieria guineensis Willd, Croton guatemalensis Lotsy, and Neurolaena lobata (L.)R.Br. significantly reduced parasitemias in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Dichloromethane fractions were screened for their cytotoxicities on Artemia salina (brine shrimp) larvae, and 50% inhibitory concentrations were determined for Plasmodium falciparum in in vitro cultures. Both chloroquine-susceptible and -resistant strains of P. falciparum were significantly inhibited by these extracts. Of all dichloromethane extracts, only the S. glauca cortex extract was considered to be toxic to nauplii of A. salina in the brine shrimp test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Franssen
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Smeijsters
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Medinilla Aldana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006166:Guatemala; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000187:drug effects*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts