title: Disposition of single-dose intravenously administered enrofloxacin in emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae).
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) were examined following parenteral administration. A mean allometrically scaled dose of 2.2 +/- 0.03 mg/kg was administered as a single i.v. bolus, and serum samples were collected at predetermined intervals over a 24-hr period. Enrofloxacin levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography, and the resulting concentration versus time curve was analyzed using nonlinear regression with least squares parameter estimation. The data were best represented by a two-compartment model with a mean elimination half-life of 3.33 hr. Mean model independent parameters obtained were area under the curve (8.26 micrograms.hr/ml), mean residence time (4.40 hr), apparent volume of distribution (1.49 L/kg), and total body drug clearance (0.36 L/hr/kg). Mean serum concentrations exceeded the target peak of 2.0 micrograms/ml and remained above an estimated inhibitory concentration of 0.5 micrograms/ml for approximately 2 hr. Based upon the results of this study, enrofloxacin administered parenterally to emus at 2.2 mg/kg every 12 hr is expected to achieve therapeutic serum concentrations against susceptible organisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A & M University College Station 77846, USA.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Helmick
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Boothe
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001717:Birds / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D010311:Parrots / Q000378:metabolism; D015363:Quinolones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D015363:Quinolones; D000077422:Enrofloxacin