title: [Cyclin and cell cycle].
abstract: Cell cycle progresses through the formation of cyclin produced and degraded in its specific phase and cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk) existing in all phases of the cell cycle and consequential phosphorylation of Cdk. The Cdk is activated by Cdk-activating kinase as well as cyclin, and its function is suppressed by its inhibitory subunits (CKIs). The cell cycle induced by extracellular stimuli in normal cells progresses toward cell differentiation and apoptosis or cell proliferation according to a certain law. The failure to complete cell-cycle progression can be detected and repaired at many checkpoints. Cancer cells have abnormal cell-cycle relating constituents, such as overexpression of cyclin, mutation or deletion of CKI and failures in feedback controls at checkpoints. These abnormal constituents may contribute to the evaluation of patients' prognosis and cellular sensitivity for chemotherapy and ionizing irradiation and may lead to a development of new promising anti tumor agents.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Environmental Medicine and Informatics, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D056741:Cyclin D; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D000095043:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Activating Kinase
chemical_list: D056741:Cyclin D; D016213:Cyclins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D000095043:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Activating Kinase