title: HIRF: a novel nuclear factor that binds to the human T-cell leukemia virus type I internal regulatory element (HIRE).
abstract: The transcription of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) provirus starts from a promoter located in the 5' long terminal repeat (LTR). We have identified a second promoter at the 3' end of the pol gene. This internal promoter expresses the Tax transactivator protein, but does not require Tax for its activity. Furthermore, we have found the novel enhancer motif AGTTCTGCCC, which are located near the initiation site. We have named the sequence HIRE (HTLV-I internal regulatory element). The HIRE binding protein is a ubiquitous protein. We purified this protein from the HTLV-I producing cell line MT-2 cells by DNA affinity chromatography. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed four major bands (70, 85, 115 and more than 200 kDa) and some minor bands on the gel. We renatured each major protein and showed the 70 and 115 kDa proteins bind to DNA, although the 115 kDa protein seemed to bind nonspecifically. We have designated these components as HIRF (HTLV-I internal regulatory factor).
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ariumi
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Copeland
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nosaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatanaka
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008970:Molecular Weight; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins