Bacterial antigen activation of Vdelta1 and Vdelta2 gammadelta T cells of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Vdelta2 gammadelta T cells are readily activated by microbial antigens. In persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the number of gammadelta T cells remains the same or increases in association with reversal of the Vdelta2/Vdelta1 ratio from > or = 1 to < 1. Vdelta2 T cell responses to microbial antigens were tested in 11 HIV-1-infected (> or = 500 CD4 cells/mm3) and 7 uninfected persons. In persons with HIV-1 infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis expanded Vdelta2 cells in 1 person as did Salmonella typhimurium in 4; however, Candida albicans antigens did not lead to more Vdelta2 cells. Vdelta2 responses to M. tuberculosis were enhanced by interleukin (IL)-2 in HIV-1-infected persons (from 1 subject to 7; P < .01) and were associated with increased interferon-gamma production. Bacterial antigens and IL-2 increased HIV-1 replication; M. tuberculosis antigens induced the greatest increase. Thus, in HIV-1-infected persons with > or = 500 CD4 cells/mm3, Vdelta2 T cell responses to bacterial antigens remain intact.
Chervenak
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Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4984, USA.
Lederman
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Boom
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D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000276:immunology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000276:immunology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D007371:Interferon-gamma