Intraoperatively controlled small-incision forehead and brow lift.
Placement of screws at the posterior aspect of the incision sites and the gradual placement and removal of staples behind the screws allow for a controlled and titrated elevation of the forehead and brows. This technique does require the patient's acceptance of the temporary placement of screws and staples into the scalp, which in my experience has not been a problem. By seating the patient upright on the operating table, the surgeon can intraoperatively make a direct evaluation and adjustments (removal or addition of staples). This approach leads to a more controlled elevation of the forehead and brows and the potential of a more symmetrical and satisfactory result.
Putterman
A M
AM
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago College of Medicine, USA.
D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D001863:Bone Screws; D005138:Eyebrows / Q000601:surgery*; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009407:Nerve Block; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D017792:Surgical Stapling / Q000379:methods