title: Itraconazole oral solution versus clotrimazole troches for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in immunocompromised patients.
abstract: This multicenter, open-label, third-party-masked trial compared the efficacy and safety of itraconazole oral solution (200 mg once daily) and clotrimazole troches (10 mg five times daily) in a population of immunocompromised subjects composed primarily of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Patients were treated for 14 days; patients who exhibited a clinical response were followed up for an additional month to document the occurrence of relapse. Efficacy was judged by changes from baseline in symptoms of oropharyngeal candidiasis (erythema, soreness/burning), extent of oral lesions, and the presence/absence of Candida species on fungal culture. A total of 162 patients were randomized, and 149 were evaluated for efficacy. The percentage of patients with negative cultures at the end of treatment was significantly greater in the itraconazole group than in the clotrimazole group (60% vs 32%, respectively). Negative culture plus clinical response was achieved in significantly more itraconazole-treated patients (53%) than clotrimazole-treated patients (30%); results were similar in the subgroup of patients with HIV/AIDS. Both drugs were well tolerated, with the most frequently reported adverse events for both agents involving the gastrointestinal system. In conclusion, systemic therapy with intraconazole oral solution is efficacious and well tolerated in immunocompromised patients, including those with HIV/AIDS, when administered once daily for 14 days for the treatment of oral candidiasis.
authors.affiliation: Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, USA.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Koletar
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mallegol
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Moskovitz
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole; D003022:Clotrimazole