title: Development of a neurological rehabilitation environment: an observational study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Engagement in therapeutic activity among stroke inpatients is advocated by many rehabilitation professionals. However, there is a lack of published evidence to indicate whether this is currently being achieved.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the extent and types of 'rehabilitation' activities on a new neurological rehabilitation ward, and examine change in patients' behaviour related to the new environment and new initiatives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five one-week observation periods were conducted over two years, with a total of 67 patients being observed. A comparison was made with results of an earlier study of stroke patients' activities conducted at the same hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients spent an average 43 min per day with therapists (9% of the working day) and this was only marginally supplemented by self-exercise (2% of the working day--approximately 10 min). However, the provision of a new rehabilitation environment was associated with a marked decrease in the time patients spent at their bedsides, and a decrease in time spent passively gazing or watching others.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall there was some positive change in patients' behaviour. We suggest that structured guidance is required from the whole multidisciplinary team to stimulate more self-directed therapy practice and recreation.
authors.affiliation: Stroke Research Unit, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Newall
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hewer
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tinson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006272:Health Facility Environment; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012931:Social Environment; D013997:Time Factors