Interleukin-8 selectively enhances cytopathic effect (CPE) induced by positive-strand RNA viruses in the human WISH cell line.
Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a proinflammatory chemokine, is induced by viruses and appears in circulation during viral infections. We found that IL-8 enhanced cytopathic effect induced by the positive strand RNA virus, encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), in the human WISH cell line. The enhancement was dependent on IL-8 dose and virus dose and was reversible by specific monoclonal antibodies to IL-8. The chemokine was also able to increase EMC viral RNA synthesis and infectious virus yield. This IL-8 enhancing action was not observed in the case of the negative strand RNA virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), in WISH cells. We examined the activity of constitutive 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS), a pathway that was implicated in protection from EMCV but not VSV. The IL-8 action in EMCV-infected cells, unlike VSV-infected cells, was associated with decreased OAS activity in a manner that was independent of OAS gene expression. Understanding mechanisms of cytokine enhancement of viral activity may lead to novel ways to control viral infections.
Khabar
K S
KS
Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Al-Zoghaibi
F
F
Murayama
T
T
Matsushima
K
K
Mukaida
N
N
Siddiqui
Y
Y
Dhalla
M
M
Al-Ahdal
M N
MN
D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000650:Amnion; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004686:Encephalomyocarditis virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D016209:Interleukin-8; D012367:RNA, Viral; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase