title: Venous malformations: sclerotherapy with a mixture of ethanol and lipiodol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the usefulness of a mixture of absolute ethanol and lipiodol in the management of venous malformations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Percutaneous sclerotherapy was performed with a mixture of absolute ethanol and lipiodol (9:1) in 17 patients with venous malformations, once in 12 patients, twice in 5. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by pain reduction. Conventional radiographs (n = 15) and posttreatment magnetic resonance imaging (n = 5) were obtained for the follow-up evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sclerotherapy was successful in all but two patients. The therapeutic effect was excellent in two patients, good in seven, fair in five, and poor in one. Radiopacity of lipiodol was beneficial for monitoring the procedure rather than for follow-up evaluations. Areas with low signal-intensity strands were increased on T2-weighted images obtained after the sclerotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sclerotherapy with a mixture of ethanol and lipiodol is effective in treating venous malformations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea 120-749.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005121:Extremities / Q000098:blood supply; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007459:Iodized Oil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010690:Phlebography; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D014680:Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D000431:Ethanol; D007459:Iodized Oil