title: Is the age of menopause determined in-utero?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether age at menopause is related to size at birth.
  
  
  METHODS
  A follow-up study of two groups of women whose size at birth was recorded.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hertfordshire and Sheffield, England.
  
  
  METHODS
  755 women aged 60-71 years born in Hertfordshire; 235 women aged 40-42 years born in the Jessop Hospital, Sheffield.
  
  
  METHODS
  Age at natural menopause or serum follicle stimulating hormone concentration greater than 25 IU/ml.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age at menopause was unrelated to birth weight. However, it occurred at a younger age in women who had low weight at 1 year. This was independent of their body weight and smoking habits. In the population of younger women those who had had an early menopause tended to have been short at birth, with a high ponderal index (birth weight/length3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Growth retardation in late gestation, leading to shortness at birth and low weight gain in infancy, may be associated with a reduced number of primordial follicles in the ovary leading in turn to an earlier menopause.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cresswell
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Egger
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Fall
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Osmond
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Barker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D001724:Birth Weight; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy