title: Orthodontic-endodontic treatment planning of traumatized teeth.
abstract: Occasionally, an orthodontic patient will accidentally traumatize a maxillary anterior tooth before or during orthodontic treatment. In some situations, the trauma will be substantial and avulse the tooth. In other accidents, the tooth may not avulse, but the pulp becomes nonvital. If the pulp is devitalized, and the root has not fully formed, the apex of the root canal may be wide. In this situation, the endodontist may recommend apexification procedures to help close the apex before conventional obturation of the root canal. If the patient is currently undergoing orthodontic movement of the traumatized incisor, what effect will the tooth movement have on the success of the apexification? If the tooth were avulsed, replanted, and then ankylosed, should it be extracted? If so, when should the ankylosed incisor be removed? What effect will further facial growth have on the ankylosed tooth and the potential to achieve a successful esthetic restoration? The answers to these questions are important during the interdisciplinary treatment planning of the patient with traumatized teeth. This article will elucidate the endodontic-orthodontic considerations for patients with traumatized anterior teeth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: West
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000844:Ankylosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000293:injuries*; D008297:Male; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology; D012390:Root Canal Therapy; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000187:drug effects; D014084:Tooth Avulsion / Q000628:therapy; D018677:Tooth Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques; D014090:Tooth Replantation / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide