title: Ultrasonographic imaging of neoplasms of the cervical esophagus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the effectiveness of ultrasonography in evaluating the cervical esophagus for the presence of large masses arising from the esophageal wall and consequently, the modifications of the visceral lumen.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cervical esophagus can be evaluated by ultrasound with longitudinal and axial scans, using the left thyroid lobe as an acoustic window. The cervical esophagus can be visualized from the C5 to D2 vertebrae. From November 1992 to July 1996, 220 patients with esophageal cancer and 120 subjects without esophageal disease (control group) were examined with ultrasonography. Examination of the cervical esophagus was performed with a linear high definition small parts probe with a frequency of 7.5-10 Mhz.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all 31 patients with cancer of the cervical esophagus, ultrasonography of the cervical region showed the presence of an expanding mass from the esophageal wall as well as the modifications in the visceral lumen. The neoplasm of the cervical esophagus was visualized when its diameter exceeded 5 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The experience of the authors shows that, during ultrasound examination of the cervical region, it is possible to accurately evaluate the cervical esophagus, either morphologically or functionally.
authors.affiliation: University of Milan, Department of General and Oncologic Surgery.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Doldi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lattuada
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zappa
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Cioffi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pieri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Massari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peracchia
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography