title: An RNA 5'-triphosphatase related to the protein tyrosine phosphatases.
abstract: mRNA capping requires the sequential action of three enzymatic activities: RNA triphosphatase, guanylyl-transferase, and methyltransferase. Here we characterize a gene (CEL-1) believed to encode the C. elegans capping enzyme. CEL-1 has a C-terminal domain containing motifs found in yeast and vaccinia virus capping enzyme guanylyltransferases. The N-terminal domain of CEL-1 has RNA triphosphatase activity. Surprisingly, this domain does not resemble the vaccinia virus capping enzyme but does have significant sequence similarity to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) enzyme family. However, CEL-1 has no detectable PTP activity. The mechanism of the RNA triphosphatase is similar to that of PTPs: the active site contains a conserved nucleophilic cysteine required for activity. These results broaden the superfamily of PTP-like phosphatases to include enzymes with RNA substrates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Diehn
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buratowski
mesh_terms: D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009713:Nucleotidyltransferases; C020842:guanylyltransferase; C106834:CEL-1 protein, C elegans; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases; C023090:RNA triphosphatase