title: Expression and regulation of 80K/MARCKS, a major substrate of protein kinase C, in the developing rat heart.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Protein kinase C (PKC) plays a pivotal role in modulating the growth and differentiation of many cell types including the cardiac myocyte. However, little is known about molecules that act immediately downstream of PKC in the heart. In this study we have investigated the expression of 80K/MARCKS, a major PKC substrate, in whole ventricles and in cardiac myocytes from developing rat hearts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Poly A/ RNA was prepared from neonatal (2-day) and adult (42-day) cardiac myocytes and whole ventricular tissue and mRNA expression determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers designed to identify a 420 bp fragment in the 80K/MARCKS gene. Protein extracts were prepared from either 2-day and 42 day cardiac myocytes or from whole ventricular tissue at 2, 5-11, 14, 17, 21, 28 and 42 days of age. Protein expression was determined by immunoblotting with an 80/MARCKS antipeptide antibody and PKC activity was determined by measuring the amount of gamma 32 P-ATP transferred to a specific peptide substrate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RT-PCR analysis of 80K/MARCKS mRNA in neonatal (2-day) and adult (42-day) cardiac myocytes showed the expression of this gene in both cell types. Immunoblotting revealed maximum 80K/MARCKS protein expression in whole ventricular tissue at 5 days (a 75% increase above values at 2 days), followed by a transient decrease in expression during the 6-8 day period (61% of the protein expressed at 2 days for 8-day tissue) with levels returning to 5 day levels by 11 days of age. 80K/MARCKS protein was present in cardiac myocytes at 2 days of age whereas it was not detectable in adult cells. In addition, PKC activity levels increased to 160% of levels present at 2 days in 8-day old ventricles with PKC activity levels returning to 5-day levels by 9 days of age. This was then; followed by a steady decline in both 80K/MARCKS protein expression and PKC activity through to adulthood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of the PKC substrate, 80K/MARCKS, in cardiac myocytes changes significantly during development and the transient loss of immunoreactive protein during the 6-8 day development period may reflect 80K/MARCKS phosphorylation and subsequent down-regulation as a result of the concomitant up-regulation of PKC activity at this time.
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McGill
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000076250:Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C000619712:Marcks protein, rat; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000076250:Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate; D011493:Protein Kinase C