title: Accumulation of wild-type p53 in astrocytomas is associated with increased p21 expression.
abstract: Approximately one quarter of human astrocytomas show immunohistochemical positivity for p53 protein but lack p53 gene mutations, which could reflect either an accumulation of wild-type p53 protein or an inadequate sensitivity of mutation detection. Since wild-type p53 up-regulates p21 expression, increased p21 expression in those astrocytomas with p53 accumulation in the absence of mutations would argue that the protein was wild type in these tumors. We therefore compared p21 expression with p53 gene and protein status in 48 primary human astrocytomas. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing of the p53 gene showed mutations in 11 tumors (22.9%), while immunohistochemistry revealed positive staining in 19 cases (39.6%). Those tumors with p53 immunopositivity in the absence of p53 mutation had significantly increased p21 expression when compared to either mutant p53 or p53-immunonegative cases. Neither p53 nor p21 status correlated with proliferation indices, as assessed by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. These results support the hypotheses that functionally wild-type p53 accumulates in some astrocytomas, and that alternative cell cycle checkpoints (such as the p16 pathway) may be more important than p21 in regulating proliferation in astrocytomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamiya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohmoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Louis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53