title: Choking incidents among psychiatric patients: retrospective analysis of thirty-one cases from the west Bologna psychiatric wards.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the rate of choking incidents among the psychiatric population of 4 inpatient facilities, classifying the incidents according to their probable etiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  All incidents recorded over 18 months were retrospectively analyzed for demographic variables, psychiatric and medical diagnoses, and drug therapy at the time of incident. Where possible, patients underwent psychiatric, neurological, and medical examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one incidents were recorded involving 18 patients at a rate of one incident every 56.32 months' hospitalization per person. One case proved fatal, one patient died several weeks after the incident from aspiration pneumonia, and 5 patients needed reanimation or the Heimlich manoeuvre. Etiological classification showed that incidents due to bradykinetic dysphagia and "fast eating" were the most numerous, even among the fatal or grave cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Various simple, effective preventive measures emerge from the study.
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Service, Azienda USL Città di Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fioritti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giaccotto
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Melega
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012308:Risk Management / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D011619:Psychotropic Drugs