Evaluation of mid-term stability of night vision tests.
BACKGROUND
Dark adaptation rate, scotopic retinal sensitivity and contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions, but not visual acuity, have been shown to be directly related to the ability to identify military targets at night. These parameters can be used to select personnel for specific military tasks demanding excellent night vision, as well as to assess pharmacological effects on night vision.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the mid-term (2 to 6-week period) stability of night vision tests based on assessment of the above parameters.


METHODS
Dark adaptation rate, scotopic retinal sensitivity and contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions were studied in 16 young volunteers during a 6-week period.


RESULTS
Tests of scotopic retinal sensitivity (after 30 min of dark adaptation) exhibited high reproducibility and a low fluctuation rate, with a high correlation between values at week 0 and at 2-week intervals during the following 6 weeks of the study (rs (week 0 to week 6) = 0.81, p = 0.0001). The reproducibility of mesopic contrast sensitivity tests (average of 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 cycles per degree, (cpd)) was fair (rs (week 0 to week 2) = 0.67, p = 0.0045), whereas that of dark adaptation rate tests was poor.


CONCLUSIONS
In view of the reproducibility characteristics of these night vision tests, assessment of night vision ability in pilots and military personnel, as well as assessment of pharmacological effects on night vision, may be based on scotopic retinal sensitivity (after 30 min of dark adaptation) and contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions (average of 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 cpd).
Levy
Y
Y
Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
Glovinsky
Y
Y
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology*; D003623:Dark Adaptation / Q000502:physiology*; D004056:Differential Threshold; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008887:Military Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D008889:Military Personnel; D010560:Personnel Selection / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D011601:Psychophysics / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000592:standards*; D014938:Work Capacity Evaluation