title: The role of interventional radiology in the management of intra- and extra-peritoneal leakage in patients who have undergone continent urinary diversion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess how radiologic intervention altered the hospital course of patients undergoing continent urinary diversion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven consecutive patients with bladder cancer invading the muscular layer were treated with total cystectomy and construction of a continent urinary reservoir. Eleven of 37 patients suffered early and late anastomotic leakage; six had prolonged extraperitoneal leakage at the urethroenteric anastomosis, three had prolonged intraperitoneal pouch leaks, and two had delayed ureteroenteric leaks. Seven of these patients required radiologic intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intervention in the form of drainage catheter manipulation (n = 4), percutaneous nephrostomy (n = 4), or ureteral stent placement (n = 2) resulted in cessation of leakage without surgical intervention in all seven patients. Intraperitoneal pouch leaks were more difficult to control than extraperitoneal leakage and required longer drainage intervals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventional radiologic procedures played a key role in the management of continent urinary diversion complications, obviating the need for repeat surgical intervention in all instances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, One Robert Wood Johnson Place, CN 19, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0019, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bodner
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nosher
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Russer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kraus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D015653:Cystectomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; D010388:Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy*; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent; D014556:Urine