title: Carcinoid heart disease with severe hypoxia due to interatrial shunt through patent foramen ovale.
abstract: Carcinoid heart disease occurs in approximately half of patients who have carcinoid syndrome and is the leading cause of death among these patients. It is typically manifest as right-sided valvular lesions, usually tricuspid insufficiency and pulmonary valve stenosis. This case report describes the unusual presentation of a patient with carcinoid heart disease and a large right-to-left shunt through a patent foramen ovale.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Boglioli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gardiner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gerstenblith
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Taff
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Cameron
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications*; D002275:Carcinoid Heart Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications*; D014463:Ultrasonography