title: Pharmacokinetics and tissue localization of antisense oligonucleotides in balloon-injured pig coronary arteries after local delivery with an iontophoretic balloon catheter.
abstract: When delivered locally to the arterial wall by passive fluid transfer systems such as perforated balloons, water-soluble compounds in aqueous solution are not readily taken up by tissue, show low levels of cellular localization, and are quickly lost by wash-out. One approach to improve delivery is addition of an "active" component to the catheter system to change the nature of the drug-to-tissue interaction. Using an iontophoretic balloon catheter to deliver antisense oligonucleotide (ODN) to pig coronary arteries after balloon angioplasty, we determined the quantity and localization of ODN in the tissue. By radiolabeling, 7.3 +/- 2.4 micrograms ODN was present at 30 min, 1.5 +/- 0.6 at 2 h, 0.52 +/- 0.35 at 24 h, and 0.26 +/- 0.11 at 7 d. By fluorescent labeling, circumferential medial uptake and adventitial delivery at the site of medial injury was observed, with primarily cellular localization. The iontophoretic catheter thus appears to be a useful device for ODN delivery to arterial tissue.
authors.affiliation: Andreas Gruentzig Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. keith_robinson@email.eusch.org
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Chronos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schieffer
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Cipolla
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Milner
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000818:Animals; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D007478:Iontophoresis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015607:Stents; D013552:Swine; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense