Regulation of gene expression by fatty acids: special reference to fatty acid-binding protein (FABP).
During the last years, the direct involvement of lipidic nutrients in the regulation of genes has been established. Fatty acids may induce or repress the transcription rate of several genes involved in both lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms. Gene up-regulation has been found in various tissues including liver, adipose tissue and small intestine. It is only triggered by saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids or their CoA-derivatives. In contrast, gene down-regulation appears to be restricted to the liver. This negative effect is exerted only by polyunsaturated fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are able to regulate the expression of two different genes oppositely in the same cell type. The molecular mechanism of these fatty acid-mediated effects remains unclear. The involvement of members of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor is discussed.
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Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Nutrition, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation (ENSBANA), Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
Poirier
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Besnard
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D017667:Adipocytes / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D000071438:Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D018996:Myelin P2 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D002352:Carrier Proteins; C082667:Fabp5 protein, mouse; C086936:Fabp7 protein, mouse; D000071438:Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D018996:Myelin P2 Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger