title: [Fornicate structure of blind saccular lymph vessel segments in the conjunctiva--scanning electron microscopy studies].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The accepted fundamental element of the initial lymphatic system is a tubular structure (lymphatic capillary), which is present either in the form of a finger-shaped blind-ending protuberance, or in the nature of a plexiform composite arrangement. We were able to demonstrate experimentally that the finger-shaped protuberances, which are known as "initial segments" are in fact temporary filling states. As the filling process continues, these vascular elements become intermediate segments, via which other parts of the vascular network take up the dye. To date there have been no investigations of the internal structure of these apparently blind-ending vessel segments. In this study, lymphographically represented "terminal segments" should be cut away for the purpose of examining the fornix by scanning electron microscopy. Is the internal surface of the fornix regular and unbroken, or are there fissure-like structures which could explain the observed filling processes?
  
  
  METHODS
  In conjunctiva of bovine eyes (n = 80), interstitial double-contrast lymphography (Berlinblue solution/air) under a slit-lamp microscope was used specifically to search for finger-shaped terminal segments. The conjunctivae had previously been prepared by fixing in polymeric resins. A proportion (n = 21) of the specimens were amenable to examination under the scanning electron microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Notwithstanding the observed great variation in the shape of the lymphographically obtained blind-ending structures-in the form of terminations shaped variously like fingers, balloons, domes, pistons or pyramids, terminations with two humps, and terminations shaped like spear heads-scanning electron microscopy revealed within the fornices many relatively uniformly shaped structures in the form of fissures, configured with lips and saw-tooth edges, rather like zip fasteners. These findings are suggestive of preformed connections to neighbouring segments. This appears to be another element, in addition to the familiar flap-like structures, for controlling the circulation of lymph. Does the "initial part" of the lymphatic system now have to be redefined?
authors.affiliation: Universitätsaugenklinik Düsseldorf.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grüntzig
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mehlhorn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steiger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008196:Lymph / Q000502:physiology; D008208:Lymphatic System / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning