title: Cholecystokinin in transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation due to gastric distension in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations (TLOSRs) has been found to be the main mechanism of gastro-oesophageal reflux. In dogs, cholecystokinin (CCK) is involved in their occurrence. The aim was to evaluate the role of endogenous and exogenous CCK in the occurrence of TLOSRs induced by gastric distension at constant pressure in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten healthy volunteers were studied. Lower oesophageal sphincter pressure was monitored with a sleeve device and gastric distension was performed via an intragastric bag monitored by a barostat. During distensions, saline, CCK (30 ng/kg/h) or the CCK-A receptor antagonist loxiglumide (10 mg/kg/h) was perfused in a random double blind order.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between the number of TLOSRs during the different distensions with saline; CCK increased the number of TLOSRs at a mean rate of 13.1 compared with 9.1 with saline (p < 0.001). Loxiglumide significantly decreased the number of relaxations to 5.3 versus 8.3 under paired saline infusion (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In humans, CCK-A receptor subtype is involved in the occurrence of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations induced by gastric distension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hôtel-Dieu, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boulant
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mathieu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Amato
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abergel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dapoigny
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bommelaer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000503:physiopathology; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D011312:Pressure; D011377:Proglumide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D011949:Receptors, Cholecystokinin; C053737:loxiglumide; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D011377:Proglumide