title: Changing status of academic emergency medicine (1991-1996). Task Force on the Development Emergency Medicine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An SAEM national task force previously concluded that academic departments and residencies in emergency medicine (EM) had preferentially developed outside of the academic mainstream. This study was designed to determine whether EM has made significant inroads into academic medical centers over the past 5 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  The baseline data set (7/1/91) contained all 126 Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME)-accredited schools, and all 87 Residency Review Committee (RRC)-accredited EM residencies. The comparison data set (7/1/96) contained all 124 LCME-accredited schools, and all 114 RRC-accredited EM residencies. The 1991-96 increments in academic departments and university-hospital residencies was examined in the aggregate, then stratified by medical schools grouped into quartiles and contiguous quartiles, according to academic ranking. A-priori and post-hoc comparisons were expressed with 95% and 99% confidence intervals (CIs), respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the past 5 years, the proportion of academic departments of EM increased by 23%, from 18% to 41% of all LCME-accredited schools (95% CI 12% to 34%). The largest increase (58%; 99% CI 40% to 77%) occurred among those schools academically ranked above the median. The proportion of EM residencies at university hospitals increased by 17%, from 40% to 57% (95% CI 5% to 30%). Again, the largest increase (25%; 99% CI 3% to 47%) occurred at university hospitals affiliated with schools academically ranked above the median.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EM has made substantial inroads into academic medical centers over the past 5 years. This is reflected in quantitatively and statistically significant increases in academic departments and university-hospital residency programs, both occurring largely within institutions whose academic rankings place them among the upper half of all LCME-accredited medical schools.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467-2940, USA. ejg@ix.netcom.com
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Schropp
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Henneman
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000193:education / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.) / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012109:Research Support as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014481:United States; D000078329:Workforce