title: Perspectives unifying symptom interpretation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To introduce the symptom interpretation model (SIM) and facilitate understanding symptoms from an intrapersonal perspective. Determining an individual's interpretation of symptoms is critical to understanding the resulting decisions.
  
  
  METHODS
  SIM is based on an illness representation model, knowledge structures theory, and propositions about reasoning. Individuals name and assign meaning to environmental stimuli. Based on this interpretation, behaviors are selected for symptom management.
  
  
  METHODS
  Theory derivation was used to develop SIM for understanding comparisons of known and new symptoms in a behavioral outcomes context.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Symptom familiarity reinforces patterns about symptom management. SIM enriches understanding of symptom experiences. Comprehensive assessment, including the intraindividual perspective, is essential to successful symptom management.
authors.affiliation: University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas City 66160, USA.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Teel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meek
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D004194:Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D006117:Grief; D006801:Humans; D008128:Logic; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D012647:Self-Assessment