title: Oral-aboral ectoderm differentiation of sea urchin embryos is disrupted in response to calcium ionophore.
abstract: Intracellular signaling mediated by calcium ions has been implicated as important in controlling cell activity. The ability of calcium ionophore (A23187), which causes an increase in calcium ion concentration in the cytoplasm, to alter the pattern of differentiation of cells during sea urchin development was examined. The addition of A23187 to embryos for 3 h during early cleavage causes dramatic changes in their development during gastrulation. Using tissue-specific cDNA probes and antibodies, it was shown that A23187 causes the disruption of oral-aboral ectoderm differentiation of sea urchin embryos. The critical period for A23187 to disturb the oral-aboral ectoderm differentiation is during the cleavage stage, and treatment of embryos with A23187 after that time has little effect. The A23187 does not affect the formation of the three germ layers. These results indicate that intracellular signals mediated by calcium ions may play a key role in establishment of the oral-aboral axis during sea urchin development.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Department of Gene Science, Faculty of Science, Hiroshima University, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akasaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemoto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wilt
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsunaga-Nakatsubo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001192:Arylsulfatases / Q000235:genetics; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004475:Ectoderm / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D009055:Mouth / Q000196:embryology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D007476:Ionophores; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C051691:SM50 protein, sea urchin; C061515:endo16 protein, sea urchin; D000001:Calcimycin; D001192:Arylsulfatases; D002118:Calcium