title: Loss of the xeroderma pigmentosum group A gene (XPA) enhances apoptosis of cultured cerebellar neurons induced by UV but not by low-K+ medium.
abstract: To study the involvement of the xeroderma pigmentosum group A gene (XPA) in neuronal apoptosis, we cultured cerebellar neurons from mice lacking XPA gene (XPA-/-) and induced apoptosis by exposure to UV irradiation or medium containing a low concentration of potassium (low-K+ medium). When cerebellar neurons from postnatal days 15-16 wild-type mice were treated with UV irradiation, apoptotic neuronal death was observed after 24-48 h. About 60% of neurons survived 48 h after UV irradiation at a dose of 5 J/m2. On the other hand, neurons from XPA-/- mice showed a significantly increased vulnerability to UV irradiation, and >90% of neurons died 48 h after UV irradiation at a dose of 5 J/m2. In contrast, low-K+ medium induced apoptosis of neurons from mice of each genotype with the same kinetics. These results suggest that the XPA gene is involved in neuronal DNA repair and that it thereby influences apoptosis induced by DNA damage in cultured cerebellar neurons.
authors.affiliation: Division of Protein Biosynthesis, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Enokido
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakane
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakatsu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hatanaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D001710:Biotin; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D004260:DNA Repair; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014500:Uracil Nucleotides; D014983:Xeroderma Pigmentosum / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D014500:Uracil Nucleotides; D001710:Biotin; D011188:Potassium