title: Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obsessive-compulsive disorder encompasses a broad range of symptoms that represent multiple psychological domains, including perception, cognition, emotion, social relatedness, and diverse motor behaviors. The purpose of these analyses was to evaluate the correlational relationships of the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study examined the 13 a priori categories used to group types of obsessions and compulsions in the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale symptom checklist in two independent groups of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (N = 208 and N = 98). A principal-components factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed, followed by a series of other exploratory analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two data sets yielded nearly identical results. Four factors--obsessions and checking, symmetry and ordering, cleanliness and washing, and boarding--emerged in each data set, in total accounting for more than 60% of the variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a multidimensional and etiologically heterogeneous condition. The four symptom dimensions identified in this study are largely congruent with those identified in earlier reports. These factors may be of value in future genetic, neurobiological, and treatment response studies.
authors.affiliation: Child Study Center, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-7900, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Leckman
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Grice
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boardman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitale
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bondi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alsobrook
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McDougle
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Pauls
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013981:Tic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology