title: Ulcerative pododermatitis in free-ranging African elephant (Loxodonta africana) in the Kruger National Park.
abstract: The occurrence of severe lameness in adult African elephant bulls in a shrub Mopane (Colophospermum mopane) ecosystem was investigated. Large ulcers in the soles of at least one front foot were seen in each of the recorded cases. Microscopically, the lesion can be described as a severe, chronic-active, ulcerative, bacterial pododermatitis (complicated by hypersensitivity/septic vasculitis). A variety of bacteria were isolated from these lesions as well as from regional lymph nodes. Streptococcus agalactiae was the most consistent isolate, while Dichelobacter nodosus, the only organism known to be involved with foot disease in domestic ruminants, was isolated from two cases. Contributory factors such as body mass, portal of entry and origin of potential pathogens may have predisposed to the development of the lesions.
authors.affiliation: Office of the State Veterinarian, Kruger National Park, Skukuza, South Africa.
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Keet
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Grobler
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Raath
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gouws
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carstens
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Nesbit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004606:Elephants / Q000382:microbiology; D005533:Foot Dermatoses / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016523:Foot Ulcer / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male