title: CYP26, a novel mammalian cytochrome P450, is induced by retinoic acid and defines a new family.
abstract: A novel member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, CYP26, which represents a new family of cytochrome P450 enzymes, has been cloned. CYP26 mRNA is up-regulated during the retinoic acid (RA)-induced neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells in vitro and is transiently expressed by embryonic stem cells undergoing predominantly non-neural differentiation. CYP26 transcript is detectable as early as embryonic day 8.5 in mouse embryos, suggesting a function for the gene in early development. CYP26 is expressed in mouse and human liver, as expected for a cytochrome P450, and is also expressed in regions of the brain and the placenta. Acute administration of 100 mg/kg all-trans-RA increases steady-state levels of transcript in the adult liver, but not in the brain. CYP26 is highly homologous to a Zebrafish gene, CYPRA1, which has been proposed to participate in the degradation of RA, but is minimally homologous to other mammalian cytochrome P450 proteins. Thus, we report the cloning of a member of a novel cytochrome P450 family that is expressed in mammalian embryos and in brain and is induced by RA in the liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bain
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Gottlieb
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000201:enzymology; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology; D010920:Placenta / Q000201:enzymology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012984:Software; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014212:Tretinoin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System