title: Dose-effect functions for cocaine self-administration: effects of schedule and dosing procedure.
abstract: Research related to determining how procedural variables can alter dose-effect functions for cocaine self-administration is limited. Toward clarifying the role of procedural variables, responding was maintained in rats under either variable-interval (VI) or fixed-ratio (FR) schedules of cocaine infusion. In addition to free-operant FR schedules, discrete-trial FR schedules were evaluated. The dose-effect functions were obtained by either substituting a dose for the usual daily dose, instituting a particular dose for several sessions, or making all doses available within a session. Dose-effect functions for response rate (or number of trials with infusions for the discrete-trial FR) were bitonic for the VI and discrete-trial FR schedules but tended to be strictly decreasing for the free-operant FR schedules. Responding was maintained under FR schedules by a low dose (0.083 mg/infusion) if the dose was substituted for a higher daily dose but not when made available daily. Rate of response was higher under ratio schedules at 0.17 mg/infusion when this dose occurred within the context of other higher doses within a session than when the dose was simply substituted for a higher daily dose. These data indicate that procedural variables can alter dose-response curves for cocaine self-administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, USA.
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Sizemore
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Gaspard
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Vrana
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Dworkin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects*; D012646:Self Administration
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine