title: Humoral and cellular immune responses following vaccination with purified recombinant hemagglutinin from influenza A (H3N2) virus.
abstract: Adults were immunized with either baculovirus-expressed, purified recombinant hemagglutinin (rHA) from influenza A/Beijing/32/92 (H3N2) virus or saline placebo and evaluated for humoral and in vitro cellular immune responses. Compared with responses in placebo recipients, vaccinees had greater postvaccination H3(Beijing/32) HA (H3)-specific lymphoproliferation and interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production. Mean increases in the production of IL-10 (> or = 20-fold) and IL-2 (10-fold) were relatively greater than that of IFN-gamma (4-fold) or IL-4 (no change). Serum H3 antibodies were induced in 80% of rHA recipients, and the rise in antibody titer was significantly correlated with changes in IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-gamma concentrations. Vaccination with rHA only minimally enhanced anti-influenza virus cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity. These data demonstrate that rHA immunization of adults elicits a significant recall response by memory B and T lymphocytes and suggest that the cytokine response to vaccination has a T helper cell type 0-like profile.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, St. Louis VA Medical Center, St. Louis University, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: McElhaney
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Florendo
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Upshaw
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bentley
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000276:immunology; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007114:Immunization; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma