Inhibitory mechanisms of oleanolic acid 3-O-monodesmosides on glucose absorption in rats.
We examined the action mechanism of oleanolic acid 3-O-monodesmoside, momordin Ic (1), and oleanolic acid 3-O-glucuronide (2) for the inhibitory effect on the increase in serum glucose levels in oral glucose-loaded rats. Although 1 and 2 dose-dependently inhibited the increase in serum glucose levels in oral glucose-loaded rats, these compounds showed no significant effects on serum glucose levels in normal rats, intraperitoneal glucose-loaded rats, and alloxane-induced diabetic mice. Furthermore, 1 and 2 were found to suppress gastric emptying in rats, and also to inhibit the glucose uptake in rat small intestine concentration dependently in vitro. These results indicate that 1 and 2 given orally have neither insulin-like activity nor insulin releasing-activity. 1 and 2 apparently inhibited glucose absorption by suppressing the transfer of glucose from the stomach to the small intestine and by inhibiting the glucose transport system at the small intestinal brush border.
Matsuda
H
H
Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
Murakami
T
T
Shimada
H
H
Matsumura
N
N
Yoshikawa
M
M
Yamahara
J
J
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005965:Glucuronates; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C408362:momordin I (Oleanolic Acid); C077716:oleanolic acid 3-O-monoglucuronide; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D005947:Glucose