title: [Risk factors and follow-up of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis after first surgeries of benign thyroid diseases. Results of a retrospective analysis of 1,556 patients].
abstract: METHODS
  risk factors of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy after thyroid gland surgery were evaluated retrospectively in 1556 patients who were submitted to an operation because of a benign thyroid disease. Recurrences were also excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RLN palsy occurred in 6.6%. In relation to the nerves at risk the incidence of primary postoperative nerve damages was 4.3%. After a long-term follow-up of in total 18 months the incidence of permanent nerve palsy was 1.6% (related to the nerves at risk: 1.1%) as 75.5% of the paralyses were transient in an average of 6.2 months. Substernal goitres especially when sternotomy became necessary, the ligature of the inferior laryngeal artery, serious perioperative complications and total lobectomy in comparison to subtotal resection were important risk factors for primary postoperative RLN palsy (p < 0.05 resp. p < 0.01). The ligature of the inferior laryngeal artery and the extension of resection were indeed significant risk factors also for permanent nerve damages, but the other factors had no influence on the risk of permanent RLN palsy. However, the non-exposure of RLN in subtotal lobectomy was significantly associated (p < 0.01) with permanent, but not with transient nerve palsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The exposure of the RLN is one of the most important procedures during thyroid surgery and particular also during subtotal lobectomy to reduce the rate of permanent RLN damages.
authors.affiliation: Chirurgische Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Marienhospital Herne.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Joosten
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brune
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Kersting
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hohlbach
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D061226:Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013249:Sternum / Q000601:surgery; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000209:etiology*