title: Serum enzymes in heat stroke: prognostic implication.
abstract: We measured serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in 26 heat stroke (HS) victims and 10 control (non-heat-exhausted) subjects during annual Hajj in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. On admission to the HS treatment unit, serum CK, AST, ALT, and LD were higher in HS victims than controls (P < 0.05), and at 6, 12, and 24 h were higher than baseline concentration. The patient group was divided into three groups, (a) those who had a quick recovery, (b) those who were critically ill until the end of the Hajj period (7 days), and (c) those who died. Serum enzymes at the time of admission were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the nonsurviving group (n = 6) and the severely ill (n = 9) than in those who had a quick recovery (n = 11). ROC curves were plotted for each enzyme. The most useful indicator was LD, as it could distinguish significantly between the groups who died and those who had a quick recovery (area under the curve = 0.991 +/- 0.0286). It was followed by CK and AST as useful prognostic factors. When compared with ROC curves for body temperature, anion gap, and serum potassium, the enzyme results were superior prognostic indicators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Alzeer
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: el-Hazmi
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Warsy
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yrkendi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood*; D001831:Body Temperature; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D018883:Heat Stroke / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D012016:Reference Values; D012529:Saudi Arabia
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D003402:Creatine Kinase