title: Hepatitis B vaccine booster dose: low-dose recombinant hepatitis B vaccines as a booster dose.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The timing and best regimen for a booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine have not been determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two studies were conducted to determine the response to a booster dose of 5 micrograms recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. In the first study, a 5 micrograms (0.5 ml) dose of Recombivax HB was administered intramuscularly 38 months after the initial dose to 71 volunteers. In a second study, we offered a 5 micrograms dose recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, either Recombivax HB (0.5 ml) or Engerix B (0.25 ml), to students who had previously been immunized with three doses of vaccine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first study, among the 44 persons for whom postbooster sera were available, the geometric mean concentration of anti-hepatitis B surface antigens increased from 42 to 2090 mIU/ml after the 5 micrograms (0.5 ml) dose of Recombivax. In the second study, after a 5 micrograms (0.5 ml) dose of Recombivax, the geometric mean concentration increased from 43 to 990 mIU/ml (n = 48), and in the group that received a 5 micrograms (0.25 ml) dose of Engerix B, the concentration increased from 83 to 2337 mIU/ml (n = 45) (p = 0.18 for postdose concentrations).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 5 micrograms dose of recombinant vaccine results in an excellent booster response at a cost one fourth to one half that of a full 1 ml dose of vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: MacArthy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rudock
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Fogarty
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dowd
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Legters
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Perine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D008297:Male; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic