title: Correlation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors from clinical and environmental isolates with pathogenicity in the neutropenic mouse.
abstract: The potential pathogenicity of a microorganism is a major concern for Health Canada evaluators, who will be processing new biotechnology products under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act. Potential pathogenicity is generally predicted by the results of animal pathogenicity studies. In an attempt to define surrogate data for an animal model, this study was initiated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical and environmental sources were screened for their pilus type, serotype, lipopolysaccharide type, ability to evade host responses, and production of toxin A, exoenzyme S, elastase, phospholipase C, and total protease. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of the same isolates was determined in the neutropenic mouse model of infection. An attempted correlation was drawn between each (or combinations) of the virulence determinants and the LD50. Stepwise linear regression showed that the presence of high levels of exoenzyme S in association with elastase or phospholipase C, or to a minor extent toxin A, was correlated with low numbers of bacteria required to elicit an LD50. No correlation between any of the other factors examined and virulence was detected. The data suggest that an in vitro high level of exoenzyme S production could be used as surrogate information for neutropenic mouse modelling; however, the levels of all of the extracellular enzymes should be considered when making such an assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Paranchych
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Speert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Godfrey
mesh_terms: D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases; D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000382:microbiology; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D012703:Serotyping; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors; D000097668:Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A
chemical_list: D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D010450:Endopeptidases; D005098:Exotoxins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D037521:Virulence Factors; D000097668:Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A; C444820:exoenzyme S