The differences of self-ratings of sleep quality associated with epinephrine and wake time during 4 hour sleep.
The present study examined the differences of self-ratings of 4 h sleep in three states: L-WE, where the percentage of waking time and urinary epinephrine are low (< 20% waking time); H-W, where the percentage of waking time and epinephrine levels increase along the basal regression line as determined by a previous study (20-100% waking time and < 7 ng/min); H-E, where epinephrine levels increase more than expected from the basal regression line for the two parameters (> 7 ng/min). Eight healthy male subjects participated twice in a 4 h polysomnograph experiment with four types of sleep onset (total of 64 observations). In group L-WE (52 observations for eight subjects), there were no excessively negative feelings on sleep latency, sleep depth, and feelings of sleep compared with usual sleep according to the questionnaire. Subjective sleep diagrams in group L-WE were similar to polysomnographic findings. Thus, group L-WE was thought objectively and subjectively to have a good sleep state. Groups H-W (eight observations for four subjects) and H-E (four observations for two subjects) had negative feelings regarding sleep depth and feelings of sleep compared with usual sleep. Approximately half the group H-W underrated their sleep compared with objective diagrams, while all cases in group H-E remarkably underrated their sleep in the subjective diagrams. The state of remarkable adrenal medullary secretory activity seen in group H-E and that of the slightly increased activity shown in group H-W were included in poor sleep states objectively and subjectively.
Nishihara
K
K
Department of Psychophysiology, Tokyo Institute of Psychiatry, Japan.
Mori
K
K
D000313:Adrenal Medulla / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*
D004837:Epinephrine