title: Clinical applications of L-line X-ray fluorescence to estimate bone lead values in lead-poisoned young children and in children, teenagers, and adults from lead-exposed and non-lead-exposed suburban communities in the United States.
abstract: In summary, LXRF estimates of Pb in tibial cortical bone have yielded highly relevant clinical data relating to the efficacy of chelation therapy with CaNa2EDTA in lead poisoned children; diagnostic approach(es) to childhood lead poisoning; and evaluations of exposure in children, teenagers, and adults in lead-exposed and non-lead-exposed suburban communities. It is anticipated that KXRF and LXRF estimates of Pb in bone will yield new information concerning the epidemiology of hypertension, osteoporosis, and the contribution of maternal Pb to the developing fetus. It would be premature to delineate the age-developmental time boundaries over which these two systems [KXRF, LXRF] can be viewed as operated optimally. Consequently, it is appropriate to view the two approaches as providing complementary information. All such information might, in fact, be required to obtain a complete exposure profile and a comprehensive framework for assessment of health risks.
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Sciences Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rosen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission / Q000379:methods; D013383:Suburban Population; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D002614:Chelating Agents; D007854:Lead; D004492:Edetic Acid