title: Neurone-specific enolase and Sangtec 100 assays during cardiac surgery: Part I--The effects of heparin, protamine and propofol.
abstract: Neurone-specific enolase (NSE) and Sangtec 100 (S-100) (Sangtec Medical, Sweden) assays are designed for clotted samples, but when studying cerebral damage following cardiac surgery, perioperative samples will contain heparin and/or protamine. The lipid emulsion propofol is also frequently used during cardiac surgery and could affect the assays. We, therefore, studied the effects of heparin, protamine and propofol on the accuracy of NSE and S-100 assays in five healthy patients. Blood samples were taken and divided into four groups: normal saline was added to group A; heparin to group B; heparin followed by protamine to group C; and propofol to group D. NSE and S-100 concentrations were measured for all samples. Neither heparin, protamine nor propofol affected the accuracy of S-100 and NSE assays; therefore, samples can be taken throughout operations involving cardiopulmonary bypass without influencing the results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, UK.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sapsed-Byrne
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharp
mesh_terms: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006461:Hemolysis; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000097:blood*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011479:Protamines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000925:Anticoagulants; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011479:Protamines; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D009418:S100 Proteins; D006493:Heparin; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D015742:Propofol