title: Adaptive reduction of heart sounds from lung sounds using fourth-order statistics.
abstract: When recording lung sounds, an incessant noise source occurs due to heart sounds. This noise source severely contaminates the breath sound signal and interferes in the analysis of lung sounds. In this paper, an adaptive heart-noise reduction method, based on fourth-order statistics (FOS) of the recorded signal, without requiring recorded "noise-only" reference signal, is presented. This algorithm uses adaptive filtering to preserve the entire spectrum. Furthermore, the proposed filter is independent of Gaussian uncorrelated noise and insensitive to the step-size parameter. It converges fast with small excess errors and, due to the narrow-band nature of heart noise (HN), it requires a very small number of taps. Results from experiments with healthy subjects indicate a local HN reduction equal to or greater than 90%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Hadjileontiadis
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Panas
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D001314:Auscultation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006347:Heart Sounds / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology*; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000502:physiology*