title: Evaluation of itraconazole-dimethyl sulfoxide ointment for treatment of keratomycosis in nine horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of itraconazole-dimethyl sulfoxide ointment for treatment of keratomycosis in horses in the northeastern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  9 horses (10 affected eyes).
  
  
  METHODS
  All horses treated for keratomycosis at Cornell University between July 1994 and July 1996 were included in the study. The diagnosis of keratomycosis was confirmed by cytologic examination, and all horses were treated with 0.25 ml of a 1% itraconazole-30% dimethyl sulfoxide petrolatum-based ointment, applied to the affected eye every 4 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Topical application of itraconazole-dimethyl sulfoxide ointment (q 4 h) resolved keratomycosis in 8 of 10 eyes; mean duration of treatment was 34.6 days (range, 16 to 53 days).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this study indicate topical administration of itraconazole-dimethyl sulfoxide ointment may provide an additional treatment option for horses with keratomycosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Rebhun
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gaarder
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patten
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D009089:Mucor / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D009824:Ointments; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009824:Ointments; D017964:Itraconazole; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide