title: Hybrid process for the conversion of lignocellulosic materials.
abstract: Because of the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulosic materials, it is important to pretreat the biomass in order to obtain a suitable material for the bioconversion. In this study, two different types of pretreatments were performed. The first experiment used a 2-gal Parr reactor operated at 140, 150, 160, and 170 degrees C with sulfuric acid concentrations varying from 0.5 to 2%. A second pretreatment was performed with a two-stage low-temperature process. The first-stage pretreatment was performed at 100 or 120 degrees C with sulfuric acid concentrations of 0.5, 2, and 5% followed by a second-stage pretreatment at 120 degrees C with 2% acid concentration. The best residues for enzymatic hydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentations (SSF) came from the higher temperature pretreatment with the Parr reactor. However, a large portion of the xylose fraction was degraded to furfural and glucose was degraded to HMF. On the contrary, the two-stage low temperature pretreatment resulted in a very low percentage of xylose degradation, and no glucose degradation. The residues from this two-stage pretreatment performed satisfactorily toward the production of ethanol by SSFs. This study discusses the results obtained from these experiments.
authors.affiliation: Tennessee Valley Authority ERC, Department of Biotechnology, AL 35662, USA.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bulls
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Barrier
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D004736:Energy-Generating Resources; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D014197:Trees; D014994:Xylose / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013464:Sulfuric Acids; C036909:lignocellulose; D000431:Ethanol; D013395:Sucrose; D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin; D014994:Xylose; D005947:Glucose