title: Formula containing randomized fats with palmitic acid (16:0) in the 2-position increases 16:0 in the 2-position of plasma and chylomicron triglycerides in formula-fed piglets to levels approaching those of piglets fed sow's milk.
abstract: Human and pig milk fat contains a high proportion of palmitic acid (16:0) which is largely esterified to the 2-position of the triglycerides. In contrast, the 16:0 in most nonmilk fats and in infant formulas is mainly esterified at the triglyceride 1,3 positions. Gastric and pancreatic lipases hydrolyze fatty acids from the dietary triglyceride 1- and 3-positions to produce unesterified fatty acids and 2-monoglycerides which are absorbed and re-esterified. In this study, we determined whether formula with chemically randomized oils, which equally distributes 16:0 among all the positions of triglycerides, influences growth or the distribution of fatty acids in plasma and liver lipid of formula-fed piglets compared with piglets fed formula with native oils or sow's milk. After feeding from birth to 18 d, piglets fed formula with palm olein randomized with canola oil (co-randomized) had higher weight gain per liter of formula intake and higher 16:0 in the chylomicron triglyceride 2-position than piglets fed formula with randomized or native palm olein oil blended with canola oil. The fatty acid distribution of formula triglycerides is an important determinant of pathways of 16:0 absorption, and consequently of plasma lipid fatty acids in formula-fed piglets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4 Canada.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Innis
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Lien
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D002914:Chylomicrons / Q000737:chemistry*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005526:Food, Formulated / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk / Q000592:standards*; D000073878:Palm Oil; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D013552:Swine; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002914:Chylomicrons; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D010743:Phospholipids; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D014280:Triglycerides; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D000073878:Palm Oil; D002784:Cholesterol