title: Synthesis and biological effects of N-alkylamine-labeled low-molecular-mass dermatan sulfate.
abstract: Dermatan sulfate (DS) is a component of connective tissue and catalyzes the heparin cofactor II-mediated inhibition of thrombin. Low-molecular-mass dermatan sulfates (LMMDS) are produced to prolong the antithrombotic activity of this substance. Cleavage of DS by nitrous acid leads to an LMMDS with a terminal 2,5-anhydrotalose (At) group at the reducing end which can react with primary amines. Tyramine (Tyr) was bound to the terminal At of LMMDS using reductive amination. LMMDS-tyr is produced using DS. LMMDS desacetglated were produced using totally deaminated DS. These compounds were employed as a model for the characterization of DS using NMR spectroscopy. The purity of the compounds was checked using capillary electrophoresis. The structure of the products was proven by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. LMMDS-Tyr was radiolabeled with 125I for use in a radioimmunoassay. The anti-Xa activity and antithrombin activity of the tyramine-labeled DS are very low. The clotting assays Heptest, aPTT, thrombin time, and ecarin time indicate a highly anticoagulant-active substance. The heparin cofactor II-mediated inhibition of thrombin is similar to the parent compound. LMMDS were labeled "endpoint-attached." They are a new tool to understand the actions of DS in biologic systems.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malsch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guerrini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naggi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Torri
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Casu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D013552:Swine; D014439:Tyramine / Q000138:chemical synthesis
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D014439:Tyramine