title: Ifosfamide and etoposide in previously treated patients with advanced breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ifosfamide is an active alkylating agent in the treatment of breast cancer, as a first-line therapy and in advanced disease. Since the combination of etoposide with an alkylating agent produces a synergistic and tolerable activity in various malignancies, in the present study, ifosfamide and etoposide were administered to patients with advanced breast cancer to evaluate the response characteristics and the toxicity profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  The combination of ifosfamide, mesna and etoposide was prospectively administered to 41 previously treated patients with stage IV breast carcinoma. The treatment schedule consisted of ifosfamide, 1500 mg/m2, infused over 24 hrs with 1500 mg/m2 mesna on days 1 to 5 and 120 mg/m2 etoposide, infused over 1 hr on days 1 to 3, to be repeated every 4th week.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow-up of 10 months, an objective response rate of 23% (overall 2.5% complete remission and 20.5% partial remission) and a median response duration of 5.3 months were obtained in 39 assessable patients. The non-responder group consisted of 28.3% stable disease and 48.7% progressive disease. The prior status of chemotherapy was the only significant prognostic factor with an impact on the response rate. The overall toxicity was generally mild, with grade 3 myelotoxicity encountered in 25.7% of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tolerable side effect profile of the ifosfamide and etoposide combination might be advantageous as regards the quality of life. To improve the rate and/or the duration of response and to clarify the precise role of the ifosfamide-etoposide combination in previously treated advanced breast cancer, further trials are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiraz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baltali
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Güler
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barişta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benekli
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Güllü
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kars
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tekuzman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Firat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005047:Etoposide; D007069:Ifosfamide