title: Effects of interleukin-1 beta on matrix metalloproteinase-3 levels in human periodontal ligament cells.
abstract: MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-3 (MMP-3), or stromelysin-1, is an enzyme responsible for the degradation of a wide range of extracellular matrix proteins. Increases in MMP-3 activity have been found in several chronic inflammatory diseases, and this increased activity is thought to be mediated by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). Because IL-1 beta has been strongly associated with inflammatory periodontal disease, the purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the role of IL-1 beta on the regulation of MMP-3 levels in cells derived from the human periodontal ligament (PDL). Human PDL cell cultures were treated with IL-1 beta at varying concentrations (0.01-1.0 ng/ml) for 24 hour prior to analysis at either transcript or protein levels. Following the isolation of total RNA, the relative levels of MMP-3 mRNA were determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with 32P-end-labeled primers. Immunocytochemical detection of MMP-3 protein was performed using polyclonal antibodies to human MMP-3. The results of RT-PCR analysis demonstrated a concentration-dependent increase in MMP-3 mRNA expression, with IL-1 beta treatments of 0.1 and 1.0 ng/ml significantly (P < 0.01) increased over those cells not treated with IL-1 beta. This increase in mRNA expression was paralleled by significant (P < 0.001) changes at the protein level, with an average of 27.6% of the cells stained positive for MMP-3 following IL-1 beta treatment (1.0 ng/ml), compared with control cells showing no positive staining for MMP-3. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that IL-1 beta upregulates MMP-3 in human PDL cells on both an mRNA and a protein level. These findings suggest possibly important roles for IL-1 beta and MMP-3 in both normal turnover and maintenance of the PDL and in the connective tissue degradation associated with periodontal disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Oates
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hoang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamoi
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Cochran
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology*; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000201:enzymology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3