title: Detection of HLA class I- and class II-specific antibodies by flow cytometry and PRA-STAT screening in renal transplant recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Screening for HLA-specific antibodies has been performed by complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity for many years. In recent years, methods involving the use of flow cytometry or ELISA have been developed.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study has compared a flow cytometric screening technique for the detection of HLA class I- and class II-specific antibodies with a commercially available ELISA technique, PRA-STAT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant correlation was found between the two methods for the detection of antibodies in patients after transplantation (P<0.001). Specificity analysis confirmed that the PRA-STAT technique detected both HLA class I- and class II-specific antibodies. Screening of serum samples from patients who experienced graft loss by cytotoxic, flow cytometric, and PRA-STAT techniques showed that there was a significant correlation between all three methods for the detection of antibody, but that the best correlation for the panel-reactive antibody level was that between the flow cytometric and PRA-STAT techniques (r=0.86). This was principally due to the detection of both HLA class I- and class II-specific antibodies by these methods, whereas cytotoxic screening detected only class I-specific antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that PRA-STAT is a useful technique for the detection of both HLA class I- and class II-specific antibodies, rather than only class I-specific antibodies as previously described.
authors.affiliation: South Thames Tissue Typing, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Harmer
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Heads
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Vaughn
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D006680:HLA Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic