title: Hormonal response to restraint in rhesus monkeys.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to characterize the hormonal responses to a restraining system in four adult male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in preparation for a spaceflight project. After the monkeys were accustomed to food and water (Phase I), blood-volume-regulating hormones were measured during three phases: 10 days in a metabolic cage (Phase II), 16 days sitting in a restrained position in a specially designed metabolism chair (Phase III) and 10 days in metabolic cage (Phase IV). An increase of active renin (30%) and vasopressin (25%) was observed at the end of Phase III. A decrease of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), urodilatin, and sodium excretion occurred during the first days of Phase III. Catecholamines were unchanged. A dramatic increase (tenfold) in urinary excretion of growth hormone occurred during all of Phase III and at the beginning of Phase IV. These findings are similar to those found in man during isolation inactivity and during confinement stress.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Environment (GIP Exercice), Faculté de Médecine Lyon Grange-Blanche, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gauquelin-Koch
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Blanquie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viso
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Florence
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Milhaud
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gharib
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D001835:Body Weight; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D006339:Heart Rate; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D012934:Social Isolation; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014508:Urea / Q000652:urine; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D006728:Hormones; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D014667:Vasopressins; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D000450:Aldosterone; C056452:Ularitide; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D014508:Urea; D013006:Growth Hormone; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D012083:Renin; D006854:Hydrocortisone