title: A case of autochthonous canine leishmaniasis in The Netherlands.
abstract: The transmission of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the absence of its natural vector, the sandfly, is considered exceptional. This report describes VL in a 12-month-old dog which had never been in an area in which VL is endemic but was born in the Netherlands from a bitch that had been infected in Spain. Although the mode of transmission, via the placenta or otherwise, is unknown, it can be concluded that bitches with VL can be a source of infection for their pups, even in a sandfly-free non-endemic area. The dog was successfully treated with allopurinol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Díaz-Espiñeira
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Slappendel
mesh_terms: D000493:Allopurinol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000635:transmission; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D000493:Allopurinol