Rejuvenation of the aging forehead and brow.
Rejuvenation of the aging upper face can transform tired and angry features into youthful-appearing ones. This article presents the principles for analyzing and treating the aging forehead and brow. The esthetic dimensions and proportions of the brow and forehead are discussed, in context with the corresponding surgical anatomy. The goals of facial rejuvenation surgery as it relates to the upper third of the face are addressed. Various approaches, including their advantages and disadvantages, are presented. The appropriate approach is selected to eliminate unsightly features that are in need of correction while minimizing hairline shifts and forehead scarring and anesthesia. Following the principles and techniques illustrated in this article, the facial plastic surgeon may confidently treat the signs and complaints of the aging upper face.
Miller
P J
PJ
Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, USA.
Wang
T D
TD
Cook
T A
TA
D000368:Aged; D004954:Esthetics; D005138:Eyebrows; D005260:Female; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D012535:Scalp / Q000601:surgery; D015595:Skin Aging