title: Effects of airway obstruction on transmural pulmonary artery pressure in exercising horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether laryngeal hemiplegia would increase transmural pulmonary artery pressure (TPAP).
  
  
  METHODS
  6 horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horses were studied under 5 conditions: control conditions, after induction of left laryngeal hemiplegia, during obstruction of the left nostril, after placement of an instrumented tracheostomy, and after placement of an open tracheostomy. Horses were evaluated after being given saline solution and after being given furosemide.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horses were exercised on a high speed treadmill, using a maximum speed of 13 m/s. During each exercise, airway pressures, airflow, esophageal and pulmonary artery pressures, and blood gas partial pressures were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When adjusted for horse, speed, and obstruction condition, mean TPAP (pulmonary artery pressure-esophageal pressure) and minimum TPAP were significantly lower after administration of furosemide than after administration of saline solution. In horses given saline solution, respiratory obstruction that increased intrapleural pressure significantly increased mean TPAP, and respiratory obstruction that decreased intrapleural pressure significantly decreased minimum TPAP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in intrapleural pressure appear to play an important role in pulmonary artery pressure and TPAP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because induction of laryngeal hemiplegia did not increase TPAP, laryngeal hemiplegia is unlikely to contribute to development of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Ducharme
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Hackett
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rehder
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ainsworth
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Shannon
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Erickson
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Erb
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jansson
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Soderholm
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Thorson
mesh_terms: D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004947:Esophagus / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D006734:Horse Diseases; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D014139:Tracheostomy