title: Mitosene-DNA adducts. Characterization of two major DNA monoadducts formed by 1,10-bis(acetoxy)-7-methoxymitosene upon reductive activation.
abstract: Reductive activation of racemic 1,10-bis(acetoxy)-7-methoxymitosene WV15 in the presence of DNA, followed by enzymatic digestion and HPLC analysis, revealed the formation of various DNA adducts. Reduction is a necessary event for adduct formation to occur. This reductive activation was performed under hypoxic conditions in various ways: (1) chemically, using a 2-fold excess of sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4), (2) enzymatically using NADH-cytochrome c reductase, (3) electrochemically on a mercury pool working electrode, and (4) catalytically, using a H2/PtO2 system. Five different mitosene-DNA adducts were detected. These adducts were also present when poly(dG-dC) was used instead of DNA, but were absent with poly(dA-dT). All were shown to be adducts of guanine. Reduction of 1, 10-dihydroxymitosene WV14 in the presence of DNA did not result in detectable adduct formation, demonstrating the importance of good leaving groups for efficient adduct formation by these mitosenes. Finally, two of the adducts were isolated and their structures elucidated, using mass spectrometry, 1H NMR and circular dichroism (CD). The structures were assigned as the diastereoisomers N2-(1"-n-hydroxymitosen-10"-yl), 2'-deoxyguanosine (n = alpha or beta). These type of adducts, in which the mitosene C-10 is covalently bonded to the N-2 of a guanosylic group, are different from the well-known mitomycin C 2'-deoxyguanosine monoadducts, that is linked via the mitomycin C C-1 position, demonstrating that the order of reactivity of the C-1 and C-10 in these mitosenes is reversed, as compared to mitomycin C. The 7-methoxy substituent of WV15 is a likely factor causing this switch. Evidence is presented that the 7-substituent of mitosenes also influences their DNA alkylation site. Adducts 4 and 5 represent the first isolated and structurally characterized covalent adducts of DNA and a synthetic mitosene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maliepaard
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: de Mol
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomasz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gargiulo
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: van Duynhoven
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: van Velzen
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Verboom
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Reinhoudt
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D001665:Binding Sites; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008837:Micrococcus / Q000235:genetics; D008937:Mitomycins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: C100960:1,10-bisacetoxymitosene WV15; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D018736:DNA Adducts; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D008937:Mitomycins; C046001:mitosene