title: Electromyographic evaluation of vocal cord disorders.
abstract: In order to perform its basic functions, those of coordination of breathing, swallowing and speech, the larynx requires an intact neural apparatus to permit the perfect, well-coordinated action of the neuromuscular structures of extra- and intralaryngeal muscles. Electrophysiological measurements including electromyography, reflexmyography, electric and magnetic stimulated myography of the central motor nerve functions are the methods of classification of dysfunctions into neurapraxia, axonotmesis, neurotmesis, regeneration or myopathy. Different types of electrodes, depending on the methods of application, show a variety of neurophysiological findings which allow the investigator to decide about the type of lesion. An overview on neurophysiological techniques in vocal cord disorders is presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pototschnig
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Thumfart
mesh_terms: D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004566:Electrodes; D004576:Electromyography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D007821:Laryngeal Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D061224:Laryngeal Nerve Injuries; D007823:Laryngeal Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology; D007830:Larynx / Q000503:physiopathology; D008280:Magnetics; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D009213:Myography / Q000379:methods; D009410:Nerve Degeneration; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D009431:Neural Conduction; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000503:physiopathology; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology; D012119:Respiration / Q000502:physiology; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000503:physiopathology*