Testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a simplified method for treatment of obstructive azoospermia.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effectiveness of a simple method of testicular sperm extraction for the treatment of obstructive azoospermia.


METHODS
Retrospective study.


METHODS
Teaching tertiary medical center.


METHODS
Seventeen men with obstructive azoospermia.


METHODS
The patients underwent 19 cycles of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using testicular sperm. In 5 cycles, testicular sperm extraction was performed after failed microepididymal sperm aspiration. In 14 cycles, testicular sperm extraction was performed in the office under local anesthesia from the outset. The outcome was compared with ICSI cycles using ejaculated sperm (95 cycles) and epididymal sperm (12 cycles fresh and 9 cycles frozen-thawed).


METHODS
Clinical pregnancy and implantation rates.


RESULTS
There were no differences in the fertilization, cleavage, implantation, or clinical pregnancy rates among ICSI cycles using testicular, epididymal (fresh or frozen-thawed), or ejaculated sperm.


CONCLUSIONS
When used in conjunction with ICSI, testicular sperm extraction from small excisional biopsy is a simple and cost-effective method for the treatment of obstructive azoospermia.
Abuzeid
M I
MI
Hurley Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Flint, Michigan, USA.
Sasy
M A
MA
Salem
H
H
D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004822:Epididymis / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000150:complications*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013094:Spermatozoa; D013396:Suction; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology*