title: Improved activity of a new angiotensin receptor antagonist by an injectable spray-dried polymer microsphere preparation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize and evaluate in vitro and in vivo the release mechanisms involved in spray-dried biodegradable microspheres having different Poly(D,L-lactide) blend formulations and containing an antihypertensive drug (L-158,809).
  
  
  METHODS
  Microspheres and blended polymers were characterized by DSC, SEM, confocal laser microscopy and size analysis. In vitro release studies were evaluated by using microspheres made from various blends of high and low molecular weight polymer. In vivo studies were evaluated by L-158,809 antagonist AT1 function versus the shift of the normal dose-response curve of blood pressure induced by Angiotensine II.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average yield of L-158,809 microspheres (10% (w/w)) was 95% of the theoretical loading. The average diameter of the microspheres was from 1 to 3 micrometers. In all release experiments, a significant burst effect (< 15%) was observed followed by a near zero-order release kinetics. In vivo studies with two different formulations show a strong shift of angiotensin II dose-response curve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The release kinetics and photomicrographs suggest that the system is best described as a multi-parameter controlled released system in which the drug is molecularly dispersed. In vivo results demonstrating the controlled release of L-158,809.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Lacasse
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hildgen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pérodin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Escher
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: McMullen
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D011108:Polymers; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000378:metabolism; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D011108:Polymers; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D013777:Tetrazoles; D000804:Angiotensin II; C070967:L 158809