title: Update on spinal cord pharmacology in pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eisenach
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019439:Chromaffin Cells / Q000637:transplantation; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D006801:Humans; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000187:drug effects; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000502:physiology; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000502:physiology; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000502:physiology; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000187:drug effects; D018039:Receptors, Tachykinin / Q000502:physiology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D018039:Receptors, Tachykinin; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D009638:Norepinephrine