title: Significance of the preoperative intravesical instillation of doxorubicin and the oral administration of 5-fluorouracil in preventing recurrence after a transurethral resection of superficial bladder cancer. Kyushu University Urological Oncology Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The postoperative intravesical instillation of doxorubicin (ADM) has a preventative effect on recurrence after a transurethral resection (TUR) of superficial bladder cancer. However, the significance of preoperative ADM instillation remains unclear. Although the oral administration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been observed to show some clinical response against bladder cancer, its preventative effect on the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer after TUR is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized into 4 groups. All 4 groups received postoperative ADM instillation. In addition, patients in groups C and D received preoperative ADM instillation, whereas patients in groups B and D additionally received oral 5-FU postoperatively. The nonrecurrence rate and side effects were both compared among the 4 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 282 patients registered, 200 were evaluable, with a median follow-up period of 21.4 months. There were no significant differences in the characteristics of the patients among the 4 groups. Group C (pre- and postoperative ADM) showed a significantly longer disease-free interval than group A (postoperative ADM alone). However, there was no significant difference in the disease-free interval between groups A and B (postoperative ADM plus 5-FU), or between groups C and D (pre- and postoperative ADM plus 5-FU). Bladder irritation symptoms were the most frequently noted side effect encountered in all groups, but the severity was generally mild.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative ADM instillation was found to prevent recurrence to a greater extent than the usual postoperative instillation alone, whereas oral 5-FU was found to have no additional beneficial effect on the disease-free interval in patients with superficial bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sagiyama
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ariyoshi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuriya
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D004317:Doxorubicin; D005472:Fluorouracil