title: Clinical variables affecting recovery of left atrial mechanical function after cardioversion from atrial fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the effect of clinical factors on recovery of atrial function after cardioversion for atrial fibrillation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Lack of effective mechanical atrial function (EMAF) after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation predisposes to thromboembolic complications and delays improvement in functional capacity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two patients underwent cardioversion (group I, electrical cardioversion, n = 40; group II, pharmacologic or spontaneous cardioversion, n = 12) for atrial fibrillation. Serial transmitral inflow Doppler variables were recorded after cardioversion until EMAF (atrial filling velocity > 0.50 m/s) was seen. Clinical variables (age, duration of atrial fibrillation, left ventricular ejection fraction, left atrial diameter, underlying cardiovascular disease, antiarrhythmic drug therapy and mode of cardioversion) were tested for an association with the outcomes of recovery of atrial function by day 3 and day 7.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Effective mechanical atrial function recovered in 68% of patients by day 3 and in 76% by day 7 after cardioversion. The mode of cardioversion was significantly associated with recovery of atrial function by day 3 in bivariate and multivariate analyses (odds ratio 0.12, 95% confidence interval 0.01 to 1.0, for electrical cardioversion). None of the variables had an association with recovery of atrial function by day 7. Group I patients took a longer time to recover atrial function than group II patients (p = 0.012). In addition, group I patients had a significantly lower peak atrial filling velocity (mean [+/-SD] 0.39 +/- 0.19 m/s vs. 0.56 +/- 0.16 m/s) and a higher early filling to atrial filling velocity ratio (2.5 +/- 1.2 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.5) after cardioversion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high proportion of patients recover EMAF within 1 week after cardioversion. Patients who undergo electrical cardioversion display a greater degree and a longer duration of mechanical atrial dysfunction than those who convert pharmacologically or spontaneously.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ochsner Medical Institutions, New Orleans, Louisiana 70121, USA.
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Harjai
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mobarek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheirif
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Boulos
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Murgo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abi-Samra
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D016279:Atrial Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications; D004452:Echocardiography; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants