title: Protein kinase C and Ca2+ activation of mucin secretion in airway goblet cells.
abstract: Airway goblet cells secrete mucin in response to ATP and uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP), but the underlying signal transduction pathways are poorly understood. Cultures of SPOC1 cells (L. H. Abdullah, S. W. Davis, L. Burch, M. Yamauchi, S. H. Randell, P. Nettesheim, and C. W. Davis. Biochem. J. 316: 943-951, 1996) secreted mucin on exposure to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) [apparent affinity (K0.5) approximately 100 nM] and ionomycin (K0.5 approximately 5 microM) almost fivefold over baseline. Thapsigargin also elicited secretion (K0.5 approximately 20 nM). Ionomycin and PMA together elicited approximately twice the secretion of either agent alone. Overnight exposure to half-maximal PMA abolished the response to maximal doses of UTP and PMA, whereas ionomycin was fully effective. Protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the membrane fraction was increased by maximal doses of PMA and UTP, whereas ionomycin had no effect. PKC inhibitors were relatively ineffective against PMA- and UTP-induced mucin secretion. Human and canine goblet cells in epithelial explants, by video microscopy, underwent exocytosis with ionomycin (1 microM) and PMA (0.1 or 1 microM). SPOC1 cell mucin secretion was not stimulated by forskolin, 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, or 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator was not detected in SPOC1 cells by Western blotting, and its mRNA was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) only as a very weak band and after 55 PCR cycles. Multidrug resistance (MDR1), however, was readily detected by Western blotting, and its mRNA was detected as a major band after 35 PCR cycles. Thus airway goblet cell mucin secretion, distal to receptor activation, may be regulated independently by Ca(2+)- and PKC-dependent pathways. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and cyclic nucleotides, however, may not play a major role in this secretion.
authors.affiliation: Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7248, USA.
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cohn
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017931:DNA Primers; D004285:Dogs; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005089:Exocytosis; D006801:Humans; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D009077:Mucins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014132:Trachea / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D014420:Turbinates / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D014544:Uridine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; C505032:CFTR protein, human; D017931:DNA Primers; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009077:Mucins; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; D015759:Ionomycin; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D002118:Calcium; D014544:Uridine Triphosphate