title: Differences in the effects of cytokines on the expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Expressions of adhesion molecules on arterial endothelial cells are crucial events in initiation of atherosclerosis. Our recent study has shown that endothelial cells express endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) significantly due to stimulation with oxidized LDL, H2O2, or hypoxia. This current study is aimed at investigating temporal relations of the induction of ELAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in cultured endothelial cells of the human thoracic aorta.
  
  
  METHODS
  The activators examined were interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and interferon gamma (IFN gamma). Cells were incubated with each of the cytokines at 10 ng/ml for 0.5-48 hours. The adhesion molecules were determined by enzyme immunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ELAM-1 appeared after stimulations by IL-1 and TNF alpha; ELAM-1 was induced by IL-1 after one hour, while it rose sharply after a 30-min stimulation by TNF alpha. The ICAM-1 expression was observed even in non-stimulated cells and further increased in proportion to duration of stimulation. No significant difference occurred between the effects of IL-1 and TNF alpha on the ICAM-1 expression. Weak expression of VCAM-1 was observed only by TNF alpha after 4-through 24-h stimulation. IFN gamma did not cause any changes in the expression of ELAM-1, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present data indicate a specific time course for each induction of ELAM-1 and VCAM-1, but not ICAM-1. Therefore, the combination of molecules may play a role for endothelial cells to discriminate monocytes from such other cells as neutrophils and lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inano
mesh_terms: D001011:Aorta; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D013997:Time Factors; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1