title: [Neuro-AIDS].
abstract: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 is the retrovirus which is responsible for the human immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) described in infancy in 1983. It is the most serious disorder caused by HIV, by a neurotropic virus, and is particularly severe in infancy. In children infected by vertical transmission of HIV, there is a shorter clinical latent period than in adults, and more viraemia than in children over the age of three months infected by blood transfusion. The neurological disorder caused by HIV is a complex clinical syndrome in which there may be varying degrees of retardation of cognition, movement or behaviour. A growing number of HIV+ children are being followed-up in the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) to treat the neuropsychomotor development and the presence of neurological behaviour in these children. The neurological, analytical (laboratory), electro-encephalographic and tomographic changes seen in a sample of 344 HIV+ children were studied. Analysis of these results showed a significant difference between affected and non-affected children. Encephalopathy occurred in 36% of the cases, being progressive in 29% and static in 17%. There was a relationship between neurological involvement at the first consultation and progress to encephalopathy. The RDNPM showed a tendency towards encephalopathy, usually between 1 and 5 years of age, which might also be the first sign of the disease. We found a significant relationship between being infected and having alterations not seen in cerebrospinal fluid, EEG, TCC and neurological progress.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidad Federal de Rio Grande Sul, Brasil.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tellechea
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colvero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schirmer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Afonso-Galvão
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M
vernacular_title: Neurosida.