title: Gepirone and diazepam in generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: This randomized, double-blind clinical trial involving 198 generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients was conducted to more clearly define gepirone's role for the treatment of anxiety in daily dosages of 10 to 45 mg compared with diazepam and placebo. A secondary goal was to test for possible discontinuation symptoms after abrupt discontinuation of therapy. After a 1-week washout period, patients were treated for 8 weeks and then abruptly shifted under single-blind conditions for 2 weeks on placebo. The highest attrition rate occurred with patients on gepirone (58%) and the lowest on diazepam (34%). Medication intake for week 4 was 19.5 +/- 12.5 mg/day diazepam and 19.0 +/- 11.5 mg/day gepirone and was similar at week 8. The major adverse events were light-headedness, nausea, and insomnia for gepirone and drowsiness and fatigue for diazepam. Clinical improvement data showed gepirone's anxiolytic response to be delayed, being significant from placebo beginning at week 6, whereas diazepam caused significantly more relief than placebo from week 1 onward. Taper results showed that only diazepam, but not gepirone, caused a temporary worsening of anxiety symptoms or rebound.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-2649, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rickels
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schweizer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: DeMartinis
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mandos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mercer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003975:Diazepam / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D011743:Pyrimidines; C039979:gepirone; D003975:Diazepam