title: High fertilization rate obtained after intracytoplasmic sperm injection with 100% nonmotile spermatozoa selected by using a simple modified hypo-osmotic swelling test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a high fertilization rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in patients with 100% nonmotile spermatozoa selected by a simple modified hypo-osmotic swelling test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital-based IVF center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three couples with infertility due to asthenospermia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The hypo-osmotic swelling test with 150-mOsm NaCl solution was used to select viable spermatozoa before ICSI. Three patients provided semen samples and one of these three also had a testicular biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Selection of viable spermatozoa using the hypo-osmotic swelling test with 150-mOsm NaCl solution for ICSI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No motile spermatozoa were found in three ejaculated semen samples and one testicular biopsy. Fifty-seven metaphase-II oocytes were injected with hypo-osmotic swelling test-positive ejaculated or testicular spermatozoa. Fifty-five (96.5%) of these oocytes were intact after injection. Forty-two (76.4%) of 55 oocytes showed two pronuclei, and 40 of the 42 fertilized oocytes cleaved. One patient had all embryos cryopreserved because of the risk of hyperstimulation; two other patients had embryos transferred. One ongoing pregnancy resulted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This hypo-osmotic swelling test with 150-mOsm NaCl solution is a simple and efficient method for selection of viable spermatozoa. A high fertilization rate can be obtained using ICSI with viable spermatozoa selected by using this hypo-osmotic swelling test.
authors.affiliation: Greater Baltimore Medical Center Fertility Center, Maryland 21204, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Compton
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Baramki
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011247:Pregnancy; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013081:Sperm Motility
chemical_list: D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D012965:Sodium Chloride