title: Effects of medium-chain fatty acids and their acylglycerols on the transport of penicillin V across Caco-2 cell monolayers.
abstract: The transport-enhancing effects of medium-chain fatty acids (caproic, caprylic, and capric acids) and their acylglycerols (mono-, di-, and triacylglycerols) were investigated by using Caco-2 cell monolayers as a model of the human intestinal epithelium. Penicillin V was used as a model for a hydrophilic bioactive compound. Among the fatty acids and acylglycerols tested, 1,2-dicaproin, monocaprin, monocaprylin, and capric acid sodium salt effectively enhanced the transport rate, whereas other substances enhanced the rate only slightly or not at all. With each of these four substances, the rate of enhancement was proportional to the concentration at low concentrations, but leveled off at high concentrations. The transport-enhancing effects were well correlated with the reduction in surface tension and with a physico-chemical parameter, denoted by the surface energy-lowering coefficient, characterizing the surface activity of a substance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yohdoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matsuno
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D005989:Glycerides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010404:Penicillin V / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013656:Taurocholic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D005989:Glycerides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D010404:Penicillin V