title: The effect of cholecystokinin tetrapeptide on respiratory resistance in healthy volunteers.
abstract: The effects of cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4) on respiratory resistance were studied in 14 healthy volunteers by the registration of slow vital capacity and flow volume loop during forced respiration test. The administration of CCK-4 (50 micrograms) was performed in a double-blind and placebo-controlled design. Injections of CCK-4 induced prominent and time-limited paniclike symptoms in all healthy volunteers. Four volunteers (29%) experienced a panic attack. Subjective dyspnea was experienced by the majority of subjects at the peak of CCK-4 effect and seemed related to a diminution in vital capacity parameters; however, the forced respiration test did not reveal bronchoconstriction after CCK-4 challenge. Administration of CCK-4 also induced a short-lasting increase in heart rate and skin blood flow. This study suggests that dyspnea induced by CCK-4 is not related to changes in respiratory resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Tartu, Estonia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shlik
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vasar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aluoja
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Kingisepp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jagomägi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vasar
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rägo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bradwejn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010200:Panic / Q000187:drug effects; D012016:Reference Values; D013758:Tetragastrin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D013758:Tetragastrin