title: External dacryocystorhinostomy without mucosal flaps: comparison of petroleum jelly gauze nasal packing with gelatin sponge nasal packing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed (1) to determine the overall success of patients who underwent external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) using a modified Kasper technique without lacrimal sac and nasal mucosal sutured flaps, and (2) to investigate the possible impact of intraoperative petroleum jelly gauze nasal packing as compared with gelatin sponge nasal packing on the surgical results.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of 122 consecutive patients who underwent external DCR using a modified Kasper technique was performed. Patients were divided into two groups based on use of petroleum jelly gauze packing or gelatin sponge packing. Criteria for successful surgery included resolution of the main symptom(s) of tearing, chronic mucous discharge (chronic dacryocystitis), and/or recurrent acute dacryocystitis; and patency of the reconstructed lacrimal system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-four of 96 patients who had petroleum jelly gauze packing had successful DCRs, whereas only 21 of 26 patients who had gelatin sponge packing had successful DCRs (P < .005). Soft tissue rather than bony obstruction of the rhinostomy was the most common cause of DCR failure, as confirmed by office probing, endoscopy, and computed tomography. Three patients in the gelatin sponge packing group who experienced failure subsequently had bacterial sinusitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study strongly suggests that gelatin sponge nasal packing, at least when used for patients who undergo DCR without sutured mucosal flaps, may be associated with an increased number of failures as a result of scar tissue formation at the rhinostomy site, as compared with petroleum jelly packing. Petroleum jelly gauze nasal packing may enhance surgical results by reducing scarring between the lacrimal sac fistula and the nasal structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, UMDNJ Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103-2499, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mauriello
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Vadehra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000379:methods*; D004643:Emollients / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005781:Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000601:surgery; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery*; D010577:Petrolatum / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps
chemical_list: D004643:Emollients; D006490:Hemostatics; D010577:Petrolatum