title: Roaccutane treatment guidelines: results of an international survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral isotretinoin (Roaccutane) revolutionized the treatment of acne when it was introduced in 1982.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve dermatologists from several countries with a special interest in acne treatment met to formally review the survey of their last 100 acne patients treated with oral isotretinoin. The primary purpose of the survey was to identify the types of acne patients who were prescribed oral isotretinoin and how the patients were managed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1,000 patients reviewed, 55% of those who received oral isotretinoin had those indications treated historically, i.e. severe nodular cystic acne or severe inflammatory acne, not responding to conventional treatment. Forty-five percent of patients who were prescribed oral isotretinoin however had either moderate or mild acne. Most patients in this group had moderate acne (85%). However, 7.3% had mild acne on physical examination. The criteria for prescribing oral isotretinoin in this less severe group of patients included acne that improves < 50% after 6 months of conventional oral antibiotic and topical combination therapy, acne that scars, acne that induces psychological distress and acne that significantly relapses during or quickly after conventional therapy. Treatment is usually initiated at daily doses of 0.5 mg/kg (but may be higher) and is increased to 1.0 mg/kg. Most of the physicians aimed to achieve a cumulative dose of > 100-120 mg/kg. Mucocutaneous side-effects occur frequently but are manageable while severe systemic side-effects are rarely problematic (2%). The teratogenicity of oral isotretinoin demands responsible consideration by both female patients and their physicians. Significant cost savings when treating acne patients with oral isotretinoin as compared to other treatment modalities were further proven in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our recommendation is that oral isotretinoin should be prescribed not only to patients with severe disease but also to patients with less severe acne, especially if there is scarring and significant psychological stress associated with their disease. Acne patients should, where appropriate, be prescribed isotretinoin sooner rather than later.
authors.affiliation: Leeds General Infirmary, UK.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Cunliffe
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: van de Kerkhof
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caputo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cavicchini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: O L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Fyrand
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gollnick
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Layton
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Leyden
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mascaró
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ortonne
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shalita
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics; D000284:Administration, Oral; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003625:Data Collection; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015474:Isotretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007641:Keratolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D007641:Keratolytic Agents; D015474:Isotretinoin