title: Long-term in vivo alterations of polyester vascular grafts in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the influence of in vivo hydrolysis on the physical properties of polyester grafts and their correlation to the period of implantation in the human body.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five explanted vascular grafts were obtained after 0-23 years of implantation due to suture aneurysms (18), occlusion (12), graft infection (12), failure of graft material (7) and post-mortem (16). The surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy, the molecular integrity by infra-red spectroscopy and physical strength by probe puncture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Scission of macromolecular chains and loss of strength were shown. It was demonstrated that hydrolytic degradation of polyester takes place with increasing time of implantation in humans. Analysis by linear regression showed that polyester grafts lose 31.4% of their bursting strength in 10 years and 100% in 25-39 years after implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regular follow-ups of patients with aged vascular grafts and the precise documentation of implanted materials are necessary to estimate graft degradation.
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Hamburg-Harburg, Germany. Riepe@tu-harburg.d400.de
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riepe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loos
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imig
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petermann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rogge
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schenke
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nassutt
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chakfe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morlock
mesh_terms: D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D016014:Linear Models; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011091:Polyesters; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000209:etiology; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters