title: Gonadotrophin regulation of production of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 by luteinized human granulosa cells: a potential mechanism for luteal rescue.
abstract: Human granulosa cells were maintained in culture with extracellular matrix in the presence or absence of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) using a defined culture medium. Such cultures are maintained by gonadotrophin in a manner suggesting that features of 'luteal rescue' may be occurring in vitro. Western analysis of culture medium demonstrated that the granulosa cells produced tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 but not TIMP-2. The presence of TIMP-1 in cultured cells was also detected immunocytochemically. Immunoassay of TIMP-1 output revealed that HCG exposure for 7 days caused a 2-fold increase in TIMP-1 production versus control reaching maximum at approximately 1 ng HCG/ml. The sensitivity of this response to HCG was similar to that observed for stimulation of progesterone production. Delayed addition of HCG, from day 4 of culture, elicited increases in TIMP-1 which were evident within 24 hours, and were not explained by changes in cell replication or survival. Removal of HCG from cultures previously luteinized with HCG for 6 days resulted in a fall in TIMP-1 production. Thus TIMP-1 production by luteinized granulosa cells in culture is gonadotrophin dependent. We speculate that prolonged cellular function associated with 'luteal rescue' may result from increased extracellular matrix stability mediated by up-regulation of TIMP-1 production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Southampton, Princess Anne Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stamouli
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Richardson
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003338:Corpus Luteum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D006023:Glycoproteins; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases