title: Rat ovarian insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4: a hormone-dependent granulosa cell-derived antigonadotropin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the in vivo regulation of ovarian insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) mRNA expression by gonadotropins and estrogen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole ovarian RNA, obtained from two models of follicular development, was extracted and analyzed by Northern blotting. Immature rats were treated with pregnant more serum gonadotropin (PMSG) followed 48 hours later with hCG, or alternatively were hypophysectomized and treated with FSH and/or diethylstilbestrol (DES). Localization of IGFBP-4 expression was assessed in the former study by in situ hybridization. Finally, the ability of human IGFBP-4 to antagonize FSH-stimulated progesterone accumulation was assessed in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ovarian content of IGFBP-4 transcripts increased threefold (P < .05) at 12 hours after PMSG but was near baseline at 24 and 48 hours. The abundance of IGFBP-4 mRNA increased (P < .05) again at 6 and 24 hours after hCG. The expression of IGFBP-4 was localized to granulosa cells of preantral (untreated) and small antral (12 hours after PMSG) follicles. No IGFBP-4 expression was noted in large (gonadotropin-primed) antral follicles. Hypophysectomy increased (P < .05) the ovarian content of IGFBP-4 mRNA by 1.5-fold, an effect further enhanced (1.8-fold; P < .05) by the provision of FSH and DES. In vitro studies revealed the ability of increasing concentrations (0.01-1 microgram/mL) of recombinant human IGFBP-4 to inhibit the FSH-supported accumulation of progesterone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased expression after administration of PMSG, hCG, and FSH/DES suggests that IGFBP-4 is a dynamic and hormonally responsive component of the ovarian cycle. The lack of expression in preovulatory follicles and its antigonadotropic actions in vitro imply that the attenuated expression of IGFBP-4 may constitute a requirement for successful follicular maturation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Putowski
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rohan
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Scherzer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ricciarelli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mordacq
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Mayo
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Adashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005260:Female; D005496:Follicular Atresia / Q000378:metabolism*; D006064:Gonadotropins, Equine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018974:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D006064:Gonadotropins, Equine; D018974:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins