title: Kinase domain of the muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) is sufficient for phosphorylation but not clustering of acetylcholine receptors: required role for the MuSK ectodomain?
abstract: Formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) depends upon a nerve-derived protein, agrin, acting by means of a muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase, MuSK, as well as a required accessory receptor protein known as MASC. We report that MuSK does not merely play a structural role by demonstrating that MuSK kinase activity is required for inducing acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering. We also show that MuSK is necessary, and that MuSK kinase domain activation is sufficient, to mediate a key early event in NMJ formation-phosphorylation of the AChR. However, MuSK kinase domain activation and the resulting AChR phosphorylation are not sufficient for AChR clustering; thus we show that the MuSK ectodomain is also required. These results indicate that AChR phosphorylation is not the sole trigger of the clustering process. Moreover, our results suggest that, unlike the ectodomain of all other receptor tyrosine kinases, the MuSK ectodomain plays a required role in addition to simply mediating ligand binding and receptor dimerization, perhaps by helping to recruit NMJ components to a MuSK-based scaffold.
authors.affiliation: Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Apel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: DeChiara
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Stitt
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sanes
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Yancopoulos
mesh_terms: D018171:Agrin / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D011940:Receptor Aggregation; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018171:Agrin; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases