title: Assessment of respiration during video fluoroscopy of dysphagic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors evaluated the coordination of swallowing and respiration in dysphagic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Video fluoroscopy and respirometry were performed simultaneously during 98 swallows in 33 patients (18 women, 15 men) with a median age of 70 years (interquartile range, 52-78 years). Pharyngeal transit time, deglutition apnea, and the ratio between the two (swallowing safety index) were calculated. Presence of a misdirected swallow (aspiration or penetration) was indicated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pharyngeal transit time was not associated with deglutition apnea. Misdirected swallow was associated with a slightly prolonged pharyngeal transit time, a slightly shorter deglutition apnea, and a significantly lower swallowing safety index (1.8 [1.0-4.2] vs 4.5 [2.4-6.7]; P < .001) compared with normally directed swallow. The association between misdirected swallow and lower swallowing safety index was independent of pharyngeal transit time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment of respiration is important in the evaluation of dysphagia. Aspiration, especially in elderly dysphagic patients, may be a consequence of primarily disturbed respiration. A low swallowing safety index may indicate risk of misdirected swallow.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Lund, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ekberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bülow
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hindfelt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001466:Barium Sulfate; D003287:Contrast Media; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011015:Pneumonia, Aspiration / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012119:Respiration / Q000502:physiology*; D014743:Videotape Recording
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D001466:Barium Sulfate