title: Thromboembolism prophylaxis during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine current UK practice with regard to thromboembolism prophylaxis during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postal questionnaires were sent to 800 members of the Association of Surgeons; replies were received from 551 surgeons (69 per cent) of whom 417 practised laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heparin was prescribed to all patients by 74 per cent, and selectively by 20 per cent, of respondents. Surgeons who performed fewer than ten laparoscopic cholecystectomies per annum were significantly less likely to use heparin (P < 0.001) and more likely to believe that heparin produces significant adverse bleeding (P < 0.01). Thirty per cent of respondents used low molecular weight heparin. Stocking to deter thromboembolism were used by 74 per cent, and pneumatic compression by 37 per cent. Indications for heparin varied considerably and were not influenced by Thromboembolic Risk Factors (THRIFT) guidelines. Only 20 per cent of respondents considered that thromboembolism was a problem; 91 per cent reported that they had never experienced a thromboembolic complication following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of thromboembolism after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is unknown but most surgeons believe the risk is very low. Surgeons' attitudes towards thromboembolism prophylaxis are variable, but most experienced surgeons use low-dose heparin.
authors.affiliation: Academic and Vascular Surgical Unit, Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Bradbury
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Darzi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stansby
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001458:Bandages; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008875:Middle Aged; D011364:Professional Practice; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D006493:Heparin