title: Comparative results of combined procedures for glaucoma and cataract: I. Extracapsular cataract extraction versus phacoemulsification and foldable versus rigid intraocular lenses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The refinements of small-incision cataract surgery by phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation have recently permitted new options for combined trabeculectomy with cataract extraction. The objectives of this study were to compare the long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) control and visual outcome between trabeculectomies combined with extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) versus those with phacoemulsification, and to analyze these same factors for foldable versus rigid IOLs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of 311 patients (397 eyes) who underwent combined trabeculectomy with cataract extraction and posterior chamber IOL implantation. In all of the surgeries, releasable scleral flap sutures were used. The mean follow-up was 22.9 +/- 15.1 months, with a minimum follow-up of 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification had a lower postoperative complication rate and was more effective than trabeculectomy combined with ECCE in reducing IOP to less than 20 mm Hg with or without medication (95% vs 82%) and in improving vision to levels of 20/40 or better (71% vs 52%) (P < .001). Regarding IOLs, foldable silicone lenses were found to be an effective alternative to polymethylmethacrylate lenses in combined surgeries in terms of a controlled IOP of less than 20 mm Hg (97% vs 97%) and visual recovery to 20/40 or better (78% vs 63%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of trabeculectomy with releasable scleral flap sutures and small incision cataract surgery with foldable IOL implantation has improved postoperative IOP control and visual rehabilitation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tezel
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kolker
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kass
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Wax
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D013997:Time Factors; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; C030613:polymethacrylic acid