Autologous transplantation with CD52 monoclonal antibody-purged marrow for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: long-term follow-up.
During 1984-86, 23 patients (5-37 years, median 16) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in first remission (n = 11) or beyond (n = 12) underwent autologous transplantation (ABMT) using marrow purged with the rat anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody Campath-1M after melphalan and total-body irradiation (TBI). Median time to 0.5 x 10(9)/L neutrophils and 50 x 10(9)/L platelets was 38 and 51 days respectively. Myeloid engraftment was significantly slower compared with ALL patients receiving unpurged marrow (P = .01). Eight patients died due to transplant-related causes 53-205 days after the procedure. Six of eight patients receiving 1150 cGy TBI died of toxicity compared with two of 15 receiving less than 1150 cGy (P = .006, Fisher's exact test). Nine patients relapsed at 45-195 days (median 97); eight died and one is alive at nine years in a chemotherapy-induced remission. Six patients are alive and well in continuous remission 9-10 years (median 10) after transplant. The 10-year probabilities of disease-free survival and relapse are 26% (95% CI: 11-45%) and 51% (95% CI: 37-59%) respectively. We conclude that it is feasible to purge marrow for autografting using Campath-1M without killing normal stem cells. Myeloid engraftment is slow but consistent, and long-term survival is seen in a proportion of patients. The role of CD52 monoclonal antibodies for purging in ALL still requires further study.
Mehta
J
J
Leukaemia Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
Powles
R
R
Treleaven
J
J
Horton
C
C
Shepherd
V
V
Hale
G
G
Waldmann
H
H
Singhal
S
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016465:Bone Marrow Purging / Q000379:methods*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D000074301:CD52 Antigen; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008558:Melphalan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015122:Mercaptopurine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000074301:CD52 Antigen; C000613862:CD52 protein, human; C000613864:Cd52 protein, rat; D006023:Glycoproteins; D015122:Mercaptopurine; D008558:Melphalan; D008727:Methotrexate