title: Donor origin of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder localized to a liver allograft: demonstration by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
abstract: METHODS
  Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders in solid organ transplantation are mostly of recipient origin. We report an unusual case of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder following liver transplantation with localized limited involvement of the solid organ allograft.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissues were obtained at the time of surgery and evaluated by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome X and Y centromeric probes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 53-year-old Hispanic man with hepatic failure due to hepatitis C virus who underwent orthotopic liver transplant from a female donor and developed posttransplant lymphoma in the transplanted liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  Withdrawal of immunosuppression, resection of liver allograft, and second transplant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder was clearly shown to be derived from Epstein-Barr virus-infected donor lymphoid cells. This was demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization for X and Y chromosomes in paraffin sections in a sex-mismatched transplant. Despite aggressive histology (monoclonal B-cell immunoblastic lymphoma) and lack of response to withdrawal of immunosuppression, the posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder was successfully managed by repeat liver transplantation without recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to prove donor derivation in a posttransplant lymphoma of the liver. Allograft-localized donor posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder may represent a unique category with more favorable prognosis requiring different clinical management from other cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and University of California at Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lones
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lopez-Terrada
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: I P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Shintaku
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Said
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000601:surgery; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000209:etiology; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012086:Reoperation; D012730:Sex Chromosomes; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous