title: Platelet-derived growth factor production by cells from Dacron grafts implanted in a canine model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies of grafts implanted in dogs documented a time-dependent increase in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) production that correlated with inner-capsule thickness. The purpose of this study was to identify the cells in vascular grafts that produce PDGF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dacron thoracoabdominal grafts were seeded with autologous endothelial cells (ECs), implanted in 11 beagles, and removed after 4 or 20 weeks. ECs and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were cultured from grafts and adjacent aorta, and PDGF in the conditioned media was measured by radioreceptor assay. The PDGF A-chain mRNA level in freshly harvested cells was assessed using reverse transcriptase, followed by polymerase chain reaction, and expressed as a ratio of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase signal. Localization of PDGF A-chain and B-chain protein was also examined with immunohistochemical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Graft and aortic ECs in primary culture did not produce significantly different amounts of PDGF in 72 hours, averaging 368 +/- 160 and 340 +/- 81 pg/microgram DNA, respectively. Graft SMCs in primary culture produced significantly more PDGF than aortic SMCs (584 +/- 343 and 113 +/- 94 pg/microgram DNA, respectively; p < 0.01). Graft SMC PDGF secretion remained greater than aortic SMC PDGF secretion through at least six cell passages. PDGF A-chain mRNA levels were not significantly different for aortic or graft ECs. The PDGF A-chain mRNA level was significantly higher for graft SMCs than aortic SMCs (2.44 +/- 0.67 and 1.45 +/- 0.57 pg/microgram, respectively; p < 0.03). Immunocytochemical analysis detected PDGF A-chain and B-chain protein in the ECs from both native aorta and graft as well as the subendothelial SMCs in the graft, but not in the SMCs of the native aorta.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that graft SMCs are functionally altered, producing more PDGF than aortic SMCs. PDGF produced by graft SMCs may contribute to the development of intimal hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Pitsch
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Minion
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Goman
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: van Aalst
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Graham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004285:Dogs; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
chemical_list: D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D004247:DNA; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase