title: Community immunization programme in response to an outbreak of invasive Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C infection in the Trent region of England 1995-1996.
abstract: Between 8 December 1995 and 16 January 1996 seven laboratory confirmed cases of septicaemia owing to infection with Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C strains and one highly probable case of meningococcal septicaemia occurred in three electoral wards in south Rotherham and the Retford area of north Nottinghamshire. All cases occurred among children aged 1-17 years. One patient died. The public health response to this outbreak was the largest community prophylactic antibiotic and immunization programme against meningococcal infection, to date, in the United Kingdom. The target group for each Health Authority was 8900 for Rotherham Health Authorities and 8000 for North Nottinghamshire Health. Local logistical factors led to differences in the implementation of the programme by each Health Authority. At the completion of each programme, 8320 doses of vaccine had been administered (92.5 per cent coverage) during the Rotherham Health Authorities programme and 7660 (95.7 per cent coverage) during the North Nottinghamshire Health programme. The additional financial cost of the exercise amounted to approximately Pounds 125000 for each Health Authority. This paper describes the evolution of the outbreak, the decision-making process resulting in the immunization programme in each Health Authority, the implementation of each programme, problems identified and lessons learned.
authors.affiliation: North Essex Health Authority, Witham.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Irwin
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Milner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Insley
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Stuart
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D006284:Health Plan Implementation; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007223:Infant; D008589:Meningococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009345:Neisseria meningitidis / Q000145:classification*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012703:Serotyping