title: De novo acute myeloid leukemia with near-pentaploidy: diploid karyotype and lymphoblastic phenotype at relapse.
abstract: Hyperploidy is a rare finding in leukemias, with isolated cases of tetraploidy reported in acute myeloblastic and acute lymphblastic leukemias. We report the first case of acute myeloid leukemia with near-pentaploidy (5 n+/-) which was present in 100% of metaphases at diagnosis. By light microscopy, the leukemic blasts were exceptionally large and coarsely granulated. Following one cycle of induction chemotherapy, complete morphologic and cytogenetic remission was documented. Four weeks later relapse occured, at which time the karyotype was diploid and the morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics were those of a lymphoid leukemia. However, the presence of three aberrant chromosomes (5q+, 6q+ and 20q+) confirmed that this was clonal evolution of the original myeloid leukemia. To the best of our knowledge, this case represents the first report of near-pentaloidy in de novo, pretreatment human leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Hadassah University Hospital and the Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rund
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ben-Neriah
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yehuda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leizerowitz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Okon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polliack
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D004171:Diploidy; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D011123:Polyploidy; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*