title: Activation of translation initiation factor eIF2B by insulin requires phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase.
abstract: Eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2B mediates a key regulatory step in peptide-chain initiation and is acutely activated by insulin, although, it is not clear how. Inhibitors of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase blocked activation of eIF2B, although rapamycin, which inhibits the p70 S6 kinase pathway, did not. Furthermore, a dominant negative mutant of PI 3-kinase also prevented activation of eIF2B, while a Sos-mutant, which blocks MAP kinase activation, did not. The data demonstrate that a pathway distinct from MAP and p70 S6 kinases regulates eIF2B. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) phosphorylates and inactivates eIF2B. In all cases, eIF2B and GSK-3 were regulated reciprocally. Dominant negative PI 3-kinase abolished the insulin-induced inhibition of GSK-3. These data strongly support the hypothesis that insulin activates eIF2B through a signalling pathway involving PI 3-kinase and inhibition of GSK-3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, University of Kent at Canterbury, UK.
authors.forename: G I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Welsh
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakaue
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasuga
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Proud
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015852:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020717:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D038341:Glycogen Synthase Kinases; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D015852:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2; D020717:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D007328:Insulin; D011506:Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D038341:Glycogen Synthase Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D000077191:Wortmannin