title: Gastric mucosal secretion of interleukin-10: relations to histopathology, Helicobacter pylori status, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha secretion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an 18 kDa peptide with a range of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether this cytokine is involved in gastric mucosal inflammation in Helicobacter pylori infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The production of IL-10 by antral mucosal biopsy specimens during short term in vitro culture was determined by measuring IL-10 content of supernatants by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). H pylori status was determined by serology and histology, with gastritis scored using the Sydney system. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) content of supernatants was also determined in a subgroup of patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-10 secretion was significantly greater in patients with H pylori associated chronic gastritis than in patients who were H pylori negative with normal mucosa/reactive changes, and those with H pylori negative chronic gastritis (p < 0.01 and < 0.05 respectively). There was a significant correlation overall between IL-10 secretion and chronic inflammation score (r = 0.40). Secretion of TNF-alpha, which was significantly higher in H pylori infected patients than uninfected patients with a normal mucosa (p < 0.04), correlated with scores for chronic inflammation and activity (r = 0.39 and 0.38 respectively), but was only weakly correlated with IL-10 secretion (r = 0.22, NS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gastric mucosal production of IL-10 and TNF-alpha are increased in chronic gastritis associated with H pylori infection, and mucosal cytokine secretion varies with important histopathological aspects of gastric inflammation. Whereas the secretion of IL-10 in H pylori infection may be protective, limiting tissue damage caused by inflammation, it may also contribute towards failure of the immune response to eliminate the organism.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bodger
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Wyatt
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Heatley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005756:Gastritis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10