Acute effects of ethanol on mineral metabolism and trabecular bone in Sprague-Dawley rats.
In order to assess the effects of acute ethanol intoxication on bone, 45 female Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Five rats were sacrificed at baseline. The remainder received either ethanol (2 g/kg of body weight) intraperitoneally or isotonic saline. Rats were sacrificed in groups of 10 (5 intoxicated and 5 placebo) at 1, 4, 8, and 24 hours after injection. At the time of sacrifice, a blood sample was obtained and the 4th vertebra was excised for histomorphometric analysis of undecalcified bone. Effect of ethanol was assessed by an analysis of variance test using a Scheffé procedure. In ethanol-treated rats we observed (mean +/- SD, ethanol versus controls, maximum difference point, P value) a significant decrease in osteiod surface with osteoblasts (42.86 +/- 15.61% versus 64.57 +/- 6.24%, P < 0.05); osteoclast number (0.05 +/- 0.02 n/mm2 versus 0.17 +/- 0.09 n/nm2, P < 0.05), and osteocalcin (36.9 +/- 2.21 ng/ml versus 45.8 +/- 5.1 ng/ml, P < 0.05). Osteoclast surface was initially reduced (0.129 +/- 0.09% versus 0.425 +/- 0. 26%, P < 0.01) but showed a subsequent increase (0.765 +/- 0.24% versus 0.226 +/- 0.17%, P < 0.01) attributable to alcohol. There was also a significant decrease in serum Ca (8.51 +/- 0.23 mg/dl versus 9.10 +/- 0.29 mg/dl, P < 0.01) and parathyroid hormone values (23.51 +/- 5.72 pg/ml versus 76.39 +/- 11.66 pg/ml, P < 0.001). We conclude that acute alcohol intoxication in rats induces early striking changes in bone histology and analytical parameters, not completely reversed after 24 hours. These data are consistent with a toxic effect induced by alcohol on bone.
Diez
A
A
Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari del Mar and Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Passeig Marítim 25-29, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain.
Serrano
S
S
Cucurull
J
J
Mariñoso
L
L
Bosch
J
J
Puig
J
J
Nogués
X
X
Aubia
J
J
D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
D007527:Isoenzymes; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D000431:Ethanol; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium