title: Emergency department use of flumazenil prior to poison center consultation.
abstract: We studied the frequency of use of flumazenil by emergency departments in our region and compared it to recommendations made by specialists in poison information at our poison control center. For a 5-mo period, we prospectively collected cases involving benzodiazepines or zolpidem. Data was documented only from calls from emergency departments. Emergency department personnel were asked the following: If given, the dose and frequency, contraindications, and adverse reactions. Each case was followed to completion. Flumazenil was not given in 55 cases. Of the remaining 14 cases in which it was given, 10 of the cases received flumazenil prior to poison control center consultation. We noted 1 case of dizziness. Ten cases given flumazenil had contraindications (eg ethanol abuse or possible seizurogenic coingestants). Despite possible contraindications, flumazenil was given 10/14 times (71%) prior to calling the poison control center. These results point to potential overuse of this antidote where contraindications or cautions are suspected in the overdosed patients. Our study suggests that when flumazenil use is contemplated by an emergency department physician, a poison control center consult may have a contrary recommendation.
authors.affiliation: Rush Poison Control Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Burda
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Leikin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fischbein
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aks
mesh_terms: D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000506:poisoning*; D000075202:Contraindications; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005442:Flumazenil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000506:poisoning*; D011039:Poison Control Centers; D011725:Pyridines / Q000506:poisoning*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000077334:Zolpidem
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D011725:Pyridines; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D005442:Flumazenil; D000077334:Zolpidem