title: A 2-year study of liquid nitrogen therapy in cutaneous leishmaniasis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Among the different modalities for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis, liquid nitrogen is considered an effective therapy with very mild side-effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A study was conducted using liquid nitrogen topically for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the King Hussain Medical Centre, Amman-Jordan. Among 468 patients of cutaneous leishmaniasis, 293 were treated with liquid nitrogen and the rest were treated with other known treatment modalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the patients treated with cryo surgery liquid nitrogen, 215 of 293 permitted appropriate follow-up; the clinical response was significant and effective. No systemic adverse effects were noted. Mild cutaneous complications were infrequent, and included hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, and scar formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the results of this study, liquid nitrogen therapy may be considered an effective treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
authors.affiliation: Jefferson Center for International Dermatology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: al-Majali
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Routh
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Abuloham
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Bhowmik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muhsen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hebeheba
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000965:Antimony / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017495:Hyperpigmentation / Q000209:etiology; D017496:Hypopigmentation / Q000209:etiology; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen; D012074:Remission Induction; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents; D000965:Antimony; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole; D009584:Nitrogen