title: Adverse outcomes in orthognathic surgery and management of residual problems.
abstract: Adverse outcomes in orthognathic surgery include both functional and aesthetic components that frequently coexist. Reasons for this occurrence are multifactorial and can be classified in broad categories of diagnosis, treatment planning, technical execution, and unpreventable outcomes. Management of the residual deformities is both functional and aesthetic as based on correctly delineating the problem and its cause.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Schendel
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome