title: Promoter-dependent synergy between glucocorticoid receptor and Stat5 in the activation of beta-casein gene transcription.
abstract: Steroid hormone receptors and Stat factors comprise two distinct families of inducible transcription factors. Activation of a member of each family, namely the glucocorticoid receptor by glucocorticoids and Stat5 by prolactin, is required for the efficient induction of the expression of milk protein genes in the mammary epithelium. We have studied the mode of interaction between Stat5 and the glucocorticoid receptor in the activation of beta-casein gene transcription. The functional role of potential half-palindromic glucocorticoid receptor-binding sites mapped previously in the promoter region was investigated. beta-Casein gene promoter chloramphenicol acetyltransferase constructs containing mutations and deletions in these sites were tested for their responsiveness to the synergistic effect of prolactin and dexamethasone employing COS-7 cells or HC11 mammary epithelial cells. Synergism depended on promoter regions containing intact binding sites for the glucocorticoid receptor and Stat5. The carboxyl-terminal transactivation domains of Stat5a and Stat5b were not required for this synergism. Our results suggest that in lactogenic hormone response elements glucocorticoid receptor molecules bound to nonclassical half-palindromic sites gain competence as transcriptional activators by the interaction with Stat5 molecules binding to vicinal sites.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Medizinische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Innsbruck, Fritz-Pregl-Strasse 3, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lechner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Welte
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Tomasi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cairns
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Doppler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D019556:COS Cells; D002364:Caseins / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008894:Milk Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000502:physiology*; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators