title: Impedance cardiography in cardiac surgery patients: abnormal body weight gives unreliable cardiac output measurements.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To study the accuracy of cardiac output measurement by means of Electrical Impedance Cardiography (EIC) in post-cardiac surgery patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study, we compared cardiac output measurements by means of thermodilution (COTD) with impedance cardiographic-derived values (COEIC) in 37 mechanically ventilated patients after cardiac surgery. Both methods were used simultaneously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  COEIC values were weakly correlated with COTD in the total group when the equation of Sramek-Bernstein was employed to calculate COEIC (r = 0.60, P < 0.001, mean difference and standard deviation: -0.06 +/- 1.25 l.min-1). After exclusion of the 12 patients whose body weight differed > 15% from their ideal body weight, no significant difference was found between the mean values (5.40 +/- 1.80 l.min-1 (COEIC) vs 5.31 +/- 1.69 l.min-1, n = 25) while the correlation coefficient increased substantially (r = 0.85, P < 0.001, mean difference and standard deviation: 0.09 +/- 0.96 l.min-1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicate that weight is a very important factor in unreliable measurement of CO by impedance cardiography in cardiac surgery patients. The calculation equation as proposed by Sramek and Bernstein is not accurate enough in patients with more than 15% of weight deviation. Therefore, the use of impedance cardiography in these patients is of limited value until an accurate correction factor has been developed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: van der Meer
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Schreuder
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Bulder
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Eysman
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001835:Body Weight; D002302:Cardiac Output; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002307:Cardiography, Impedance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013815:Thermodilution