Olestra's effect on the status of vitamins A, D and E in the pig can be offset by increasing dietary levels of these vitamins.
Groups of weanling pigs (5 castrated males, 5 females per group) were fed purified diets containing the NRC's requirements for nutrients and 0, 1.1, 4.4 or 7.7% olestra for 12 wk. Graded concentrations of vitamins A, D2 and E were added at each olestra concentration. The primary purpose of the study was to establish relationships between dietary concentration of olestra and the amounts of vitamins A, D2 and E needed to restore tissue concentrations of these vitamins to control concentrations. A secondary purpose was to confirm that olestra does not affect the status of vitamin K or water-soluble nutrients. Liver concentrations of vitamins A, E and B12, iron and zinc and bone concentrations of ash, zinc, calcium and phosphorus, were measured in a group of pigs killed at the start of the study and in all pigs killed at wk 12. Growth, feed efficiency, hematology, clinical chemistry, blood concentrations of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, 25-hydroxyergocalciferol, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, folate, iron, total iron-binding capacity, zinc and calcium and adipose concentration of vitamin E were measured at 4-wk intervals. Prothrombin time was measured weekly for the control and 7.7% olestra groups, monthly for others. Relationships derived from measured tissue concentrations of vitamins A and E showed that constant amounts of the vitamins were required per unit mass of olestra in the diet to restore tissue concentrations to control values. Such a relationship could not be determined for vitamin D because exposure of the pigs to UV light resulted in an apparent interaction between vitamin D2 and vitamin D3. Olestra did not affect growth, digestible feed efficiency, vitamin K status or the status of the water-soluble micronutrients, in agreement with other studies in the pig.
Cooper
D A
DA
The Procter & Gamble Company, Winton Hill Technical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA.
Berry
D A
DA
Jones
M B
MB
Kiorpes
A L
AL
Peters
J C
JC
D000818:Animals; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D019358:Fat Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D013395:Sucrose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013552:Swine; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000032:analysis; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D019358:Fat Substitutes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014801:Vitamin A; D014807:Vitamin D; D014810:Vitamin E; D013395:Sucrose; C097949:1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; C013692:sucrose polyester; D005492:Folic Acid; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D; D007501:Iron; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D002112:Calcifediol