title: [Hormones and adipocyte development].
abstract: Dormant preadipocytes isolated from adipose tissue are able to differentiate into adipocytes in vitro. A few adipogenic hormones (glucocorticoids or prostacyclin, IGF-I and insulin) are sufficient to trigger the differentiation program. In preadipose and adipose cells, glucocorticoids play a cardinal role by regulating the expression of numerous genes and by increasing the production of prostacyclin which acts as an intracrine/autocrine/paracrine effector. Fatty acids and metabolites (including prostacyclin) enhance adipocyte differentiation via the activation of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). PPARs then modulate positively the expression of various lipid-related genes involved in triacylglycerol accumulation. These in vitro observations emphasize the importance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and provide also a link which may take place in vivo between high-fat diets and the excess of adipose tissue development.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Biochimie (UMR6543CNRS), UNSA, Faculté des Sciences, Parc Valrose, Nice.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ailhaud
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000378:metabolism; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011464:Epoprostenol
vernacular_title: Hormones et développement adipocytaire.