title: Organophosphorus residues in wool grease resulting from specified on-farm lice and flystrike control treatments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate wool organophosphorus concentrations resulting from a range of farm pesticide application methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random sampling of wool for pesticide residues and on-farm interviews to determine associated treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tasmanian fleece wool lots were sampled at random and tested for organophosphorus residues. The grower was identified and the pesticide treatments applied to the sheep were ascertained by on-farm interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The residue concentrations showed a large variation that was not accounted for by differences in treatments by growers. Organophosphorus concentrations were proportional to the number of treatments applied, and inversely related to the time between pesticide application and the subsequent shearing, and were significantly influenced by the method of application. After allowing for the time of application, plunge dipping resulted in pesticide residue concentrations 2 to 2.5 times greater than shower dipping, using spray races or hand jetting, and the use of these methods caused larger residues than the use of jetting races.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We recommend that plunge or shower dipping should not be used more than 7 weeks after shearing, nor at higher concentration than the standard dose rate used for lice control, whereas jetting may be satisfactory for up to 7 months after shearing, provided only one application is administered.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Horton
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Best
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Gregory
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003625:Data Collection; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015994:Incidence; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D010373:Lice Infestations / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D016014:Linear Models; D009198:Myiasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010571:Pest Control / Q000379:methods; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013648:Tasmania / Q000453:epidemiology; D014935:Wool / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues