title: [Blepharospasm: treatment with botulinum toxin].
abstract: Blepharospasm is form of focal dystonia characterized by involuntary and repetitive contractions involving the orbicular oculi muscle. Fourteen patients with blepharospasm were submitted to botulinum toxin type A injections. Of these 14 cases, 6 were male and 8 female. The mean age was 58 years (range: 33 to 76 years) with illness duration ranging from 1 to 25 years (average: 7.3 years). All patients have been treated with conventional therapies with poor results, but presented a good response to botulinum toxin type A. The average latent period was 3 days (range: 0 to 10); maximum effect of treatment was observed after 16 days. The mean duration of maximum response was 90 days. The main side effects of botulinum toxin injections were ptosis and lagophtalmos.
authors.affiliation: Clínica Neurológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bittar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011930:Reaction Time
chemical_list: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D001905:Botulinum Toxins
vernacular_title: Blefaroespasmo: tratamento com toxina botulínica.