title: Granisetron reduces incidence of nausea and vomiting after breast surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remains a troublesome problem. The study was performed to evaluate the antiemetic efficacy of prophylactic granisetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonist, on the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing general anaesthesia for breast surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 50 female patients, 45-68 years, were given a single dose of either placebo (saline, n = 25) or granisetron (40 micrograms.kg-1, n = 25) intravenously over 2-5 min immediately before the induction of anaesthesia. Postoperatively, during the first 24 hours after anaesthesia, the incidence of PONV and adverse events was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The treatment groups were similar for patient demographics, types of surgery, anaesthetic and postoperative management. Postoperatively, the incidence of PONV was 48% and 16% after administration of placebo and granisetron, respectively (P < 0.05). No differences in the incidence of other adverse events were observed between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Granisetron is an effective antiemetic for preventing PONV in patients undergoing general anaesthesia for breast surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Toride Kyodo General Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toyooka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D017829:Granisetron / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D017829:Granisetron; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists