title: Efficiency of T cell triggering by anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with potential usefulness in bispecific mAb generation.
abstract: T cell triggering can be achieved by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for the CD3/TcR complex. In the presence of appropriate costimulation and/or progression factors, such triggering permits the generation of effector cells for immunotherapy protocols involving the redirection of T cell lysis against tumor cells by mAbs bispecific for anti-CD3/anti-tumor cells (bs-mAbs). Focusing our analysis on the clinically relevant bs-mAb OC/TR, we found that bs-mAbs generated with the same anti tumor specificity, but two other anti-CD3 mAbs, TR66 and OKT3, have the same and a significantly lower lytic potential, respectively, compared with that of OC/TR. To evaluate the relevance of the anti-CD3 component, we examined several anti-CD3 mAbs with respect to binding parameters and the ability to trigger T lymphocytes. Competitive binding assays suggested that all anti-CD3 mAbs recognized the same or overlapping epitopes, although mAbs BMA030 and OC/TR bound with lower avidity than did alpha CD3 (the bivalent anti-CD3 mAb produced by the hybrid hybridoma OC/TR). TR66 and OKT3, as determined by measurement of the affinity constants. In all lymphocyte populations examined, which included resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), activated PBMC and T cell clones, OKT3, BMA033 and OC/TR failed to mobilize Ca2+ without cross-linking, whereas alpha CD3, in both murine and murine-human chimeric versions, TR66 and BMA030, did not require cross-linking. The ability to induce CD3 modulation was associated in part with the induction of Ca2+ fluxes. Despite the differences in the behavior of these mAbs in triggering the events that precede proliferation, all of them ultimately led to expression of the IL-2 receptor and to proliferation in T cells in the presence of accessory cells. Our data suggest that anti-CD3 mAbs that bind more rapidly (strong Ca2+ mobilizers) and more tightly under physiological conditions are good candidates for retargeting T cells in the bs-mAb clinical application.
authors.affiliation: CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazzoni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mezzanzanica
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Negri
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Valota
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Colnaghi
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Moutschen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boniver
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Canevari
mesh_terms: D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D017252:CD3 Complex; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell