title: Effects of transforming growth factor beta on the production of prostaglandin E and caseinase activity of unstimulated and interleukin 1-stimulated human articular chondrocytes in culture.
abstract: Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) has previously been shown to have actions on chondrocytes and cartilage both in vitro and in vivo which suggest a role in connective tissue repair. In particular, some of its actions have been shown to be antagonistic to those of interleukin 1 (IL-1). In this study, the effects of TGF beta on prostaglandin E (PGE) production and caseinase activity, in the presence and absence of IL-1, in human articular chondrocytes were investigated. TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 were shown to modulate IL-1 beta-stimulated PGE production and caseinase activity. Both TGF beta 1 and beta 2 inhibited IL-1 beta-stimulated PGE production in the absence of serum and augmented it in the presence of serum. TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 inhibited IL-1-stimulated caseinase activity with and without serum. In general, the TGF beta s had little or no effect on basal PGE or caseinase levels. TGF beta s may be important modulators of chondrocyte metabolism, their effects on PGE production may depend on cytokine interactions; furthermore, their effects on caseinase activity may help prevent cartilage breakdown.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Metabolism and Clinical Biochemistry, Sheffield University Medical School.
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Fawthrop
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frazer
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bunning
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011458:Prostaglandins E / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011458:Prostaglandins E; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C030895:caseinase