title: Relationship between serum heat-stable neutrophil chemotactic activity during early airway reaction to allergen and the pattern of airway response (early versus late reactions) in asthmatic subjects.
abstract: In order to evaluate the relationship between allergen-induced heat-stable neutrophil chemotactic activity (HS-NCA) release during early asthmatic reaction (EAR) and the presence of a late asthmatic reaction (LAR), serum HS-NCA was measured at three serum dilutions (1:5, 1:40, 1:200) during EAR induced by allergen in 26 atopic asthmatics, 13 with isolated EAR and 13 with EAR followed by LAR. HS-NCA was measured using a 48-well microchamber with 5-micron-pore-size nitrocellulose filters, using isolated neutrophils from healthy donors and the leading front technique. Subjects with LAR developed EAR after inhalation of a lower dose of allergen than subjects with isolated EAR. Increase in serum HS-NCA during EAR was significantly higher in subjects with isolated EAR than in subjects with EAR plus LAR at the 1:5 dilution, while it was significantly higher in subjects with EAR plus LAR than in the subjects with isolated EAR at the 1:200 dilution; the 1:40 dilution gave similar results in both groups. Changes in serum HS-NCA during EAR significantly correlated with the maximum decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) during LAR: a higher decrease in FEV1 during LAR was associated with a lower increase in HS-NCA at the 1:5 dilution (Spearman's rho = 0.43, rho = 0.03), and with a higher increase in NCA at the 1:200 dilution (Spearman's p = -0.46, p = 0.02). These results can be explained by the 'high-dose-inhibition' phenomenon. Assuming that HS-NCA is associated with mast cell degranulation in the airways after allergen challenge, these findings demonstrate that higher mast cell activation during EAR is present in subjects with a subsequent LAR than in subjects with isolated EAR.
authors.affiliation: Second Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Dente
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carnevali
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Paggiaro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cianchetti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bacci
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bancalari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Franco
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giannini
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vagaggini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giuntini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D016210:Methacholine Chloride