title: Immunohistochemical and immuno-electron-microscopic detection of interferon-gamma-inducing factor ("interleukin-18") in mouse intestinal epithelial cells.
abstract: The novel cytokine interferon-gamma-inducing factor ("interleukin-18") is produced by macrophage-like cells in mice with endotoxin shock and induces the production of interferon-gamma by T cells in vitro. To determine the physiological role for mouse interferon-gamma-inducing factor, we studied its tissue distribution in several organs (intestine, spleen, thymus, kidney, and liver) in healthy mice of different ages, including fetal stages. Activity of the cytokine in the organ extracts of adult mice was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the cellular distribution of interferon-gamma-inducing factor in organs from fetal and adult mice was determined by immunohistochemistry. Intestinal extracts of adult mice showed the highest concentrations among the organs studied. Other organ extracts of adult mice showed lower concentrations of the cytokine. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that interferon-gamma-inducing factor was localized in the cytoplasm of intestinal epithelial cells from fetal and adult mice. These results show for the first time that intestinal epithelial cells may be the main producers of interferon-gamma-inducing factor under normal physiological conditions and suggest that its constitutive expression in intestinal epithelial cells may have an important role in the induction of mucosal immunity.
authors.affiliation: Fujisaki Institute, Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories, 675-1, Fujisaki, Okayama 702, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishizaki
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurimoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004848:Epithelium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000032:analysis*; D020382:Interleukin-18; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D020382:Interleukin-18