title: Pyomyositis of the anterior tibial compartment.
abstract: Five oncology patients developed bacterial pyomyositis involving the anterior tibial compartment and resulting in compartment syndrome with ischemia and abnormalities of neuromuscular function. All patients were neutropenic and thrombocytopenic, and four were receiving or had recently received cancer chemotherapy. Three infections were due to gram-negative bacilli and two to Staphylococcus aureus. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy and surgical drainage in four patients resulted in the resolution of these infections with good residual muscle function. To our knowledge, primary pyomyositis has never previously been known to cause compartment syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Eisenhower Medical Center, Rancho Mirage, California 92270, USA.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cone
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graff-Radford
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rudder
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bach
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hirschberg
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Feller
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lynch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000368:Aged; D000868:Anterior Compartment Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D007952:Leukemia, Plasma Cell / Q000150:complications; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000150:complications; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000150:complications; D009220:Myositis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000150:complications; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013977:Tibia / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed