title: Determination of sulfonamides in edible salmon tissue by liquid chromatography with postcolumn derivatization and fluorescence detection.
abstract: Fourteen sulfonamides-sulfanilamide, sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, sulfapyridine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethizole, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfadoxine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadimethoxine, and sulfaquinoxoline-residues of which could be found in aquacultured species, were separated in < 25 min by reversed-phase (C18) liquid chromatography (LC) with gradient elution. Analytes were extracted from edible salmon tissue (muscle and adhering skin) with acetonitrile-2% aqueous acetic acid, isolated with 2 liquid-liquid partitionings, and derivatized with fluorescamine after eluting from the column. The derivatives were detected by fluorescence. Recoveries (n = 4) from coho salmon fortified with sulfonamides at 5, 10, and 20 ng/g tissue averaged 79.7 +/- 7.3, 84.6 +/- 7.7, and 88.2 +/- 7.1%, respectively. Limits of quantitation were 5 ng/g tissue, for sulfanilamide, sulfamethoxypyridazine, and sulfaquinoxoline and 1 ng/g tissue for the remaining sulfonamides.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Chemistry, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Gehring
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Rushing
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D005396:Fish Products / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D017684:Oncorhynchus kisutch; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D013449:Sulfonamides; D019342:Acetic Acid; C032159:acetonitrile