title: Insulin-like growth factor-I ameliorates delayed kidney graft function and the acute nephrotoxic effects of cyclosporine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Delayed graft function (DGF) is a relatively common complication after cadaveric renal transplantation. The adverse effect of DGF on long-term graft survival has lead to intensive efforts to reduce ischemic graft injury. In this study we examined the effects of a new protective treatment based on insulin growth factor (IGF)-I. We evaluated the impact of the treatment on renal recovery and on the nephrotoxicity that is a common side effect of mainstream immunosuppressants. Because therapy with IGF-I or the analog des(1-3)IGF-I is effective in treating experimental ischemic renal failure, these peptides may be useful as perspective clinical treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have addressed three areas relating to the potential use of IGF-I and its analog des(1-3)IGF-I. First, because of the immunogenic properties of IGF-I, we assessed the effect of des(1-3)IGF-I on the rejection of skin allografts in Lewis rats. Next we determined whether treatment with des(1-3)IGF-I influences the early function of transplanted kidneys in a model of DGF induced by a combination of warm and cold ischemia. Finally we tested whether IGF-I protects against acute cyclosporine nephrotoxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Des(1-3)IGF-I did not accelerate the rejection of the skin grafts (P=0.57). The administration of this peptide in a model of syngenic renal transplant improved the early function of the graft. Postoperative values of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were significantly better (P<0.05) in treated animals. IGF-I also ameliorated the nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine, with better values of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In evaluating this study it should be recognized that the animal models studied, although widely used, differ from the human condition. However, IGF-I and des(1-3)IGF-I exhibit properties that strongly suggest their value in preventing clinical DGF, and they deserve further studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, and Institute of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maestri
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Dafoe
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaspari
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luzzana
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Innocente
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rademacher
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dionigi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zonta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zonta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rabkin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000517:prevention & control; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D011920:Rats, Inbred WF; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; C058957:insulin-like growth factor 1, des-(1-3)-; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D016572:Cyclosporine