title: Long-term renal function in the posterior urethral valves, unilateral reflux and renal dysplasia syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The syndrome of posterior urethral valves, persistent unilateral reflux and renal dysplasia (VURD) is said to be protective of the contralateral nonrefluxing kidney and the outcome for renal function is reported to be excellent. We tested this hypothesis in our patients by replicating previous studies but with longer followup and glomerular filtration rate data.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the records of 183 boys presenting with posterior urethral valves between 1980 and 1989, including 12 who underwent nephrectomy for ipsilateral nonfunction and fulfilled all criteria for the VURD syndrome. Mean age at the most recent followup was 8.5 years. Serial serum creatinine levels and glomerular filtration rates were analyzed and compared to age matched normal values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histological evaluation revealed dysplasia in all kidneys, confirming the VURD syndrome. Followup plasma creatinine was normal 67% of the patients during year 2 of life, 50% between ages 4 and 5 years, and only 30% between ages 8 and 10 years. Glomerular filtration rate was within the normal range in 25% of boys tested in year 2 of life, and between ages 5 and 8 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data do not support the protective effect of the VURD syndrome on long-term renal function. All patients with posterior urethral valves require diligent long-term followup.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Hospital for Sick Children NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cuckow
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Dinneen
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Risdon
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Ransley
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Duffy
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013577:Syndrome; D013997:Time Factors; D014521:Urethra / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000503:physiopathology*