title: Dysregulation of interleukin-10 production in relatives of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in relatives of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Production of IL-10 was evaluated in 13 families in which several members had SLE. The constitutive IL-10 production in SLE patients (n = 16) was compared with that in healthy members of these multiplex families (n = 70), in 30 SLE patients who had no relatives with SLE, and in 46 healthy unrelated controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of IL-10 production did not differ between SLE patients who were members and those who were not members of multiplex families (mean +/- SEM 4,384 +/- 908 pg/ml and 4,709 +/- 560 pg/ml, respectively), but was higher in both groups than in healthy unrelated controls (515 +/- 88 pg/ml). The healthy members of the multiplex families constitutively produced large amounts of IL-10 (3,080 +/- 311 pg/ml; P < 0.001 compared with healthy unrelated controls). This high IL-10 production was independent of age and sex, and was similar in first- and second-degree relatives of SLE patients. The IL-10 was produced both by monocytes and by a subpopulation of B lymphocytes in SLE patients and in their relatives.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dysregulation of IL-10 production previously identified in SLE patients is also present in healthy members of families with several cases of SLE, and it may contribute to the immunologic abnormalities affecting relatives of SLE patients.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Llorente
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Richaud-Patin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Couderc
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alarcon-Segovia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Soto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alcocer-Castillejos
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alcocer-Varela
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Granados
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahena
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galanaud
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Emilie
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D016753:Interleukin-10