title: A new framework for urinary continence outcomes in long-term care.
abstract: Careful assessment and individual care planning are especially important when approaching the problems of incontinence in long-term care patients. Identification of appropriate interventions and desired outcomes is assuming greater prominence. This article provides an overview of some of the issues that affect incontinence with long-term patients and presents a refined concept of several classifications of incontinence that direct approaches to care. The classifications are based on whether a patient is dependent or independent on a caregiver to achieve continence. Assumptions, goals, and evidence for effectiveness of these interventions are discussed for the four classifications. Further implications for nursing are also addressed.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nursing Research Clinical Therapeutics Laboratory, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Palmer
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D009735:Nursing Homes; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000145:classification / Q000451:nursing*