title: Muscarinic autoinhibition and modulatory role of protein kinase C in acetylcholine release from the myenteric plexus of guinea pig ileum.
abstract: The modulatory role of protein kinase C on phospholipase A2, activation of which had been suggested to result in acetylcholine release from cholinergic neurons, was studied in longitudinal muscle preparations with the myenteric plexus of guinea pig ileum. The relationship of muscarinic autoinhibition to the modulation was also examined. Phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), an activator of protein kinase C, dose-dependently increased spontaneous and electrical field stimulation-induced acetylcholine releases from the preparation. The inhibitors of protein kinase C, staurosporine and calphostin C, inhibited the stimulatory effects of PDBu, but neither inhibitor affected spontaneous or electrical field stimulation-induced acetylcholine release in the absence of PDBu. On the other hand, atropine significantly increased electrical field stimulation-induced release by blocking a muscarinic autoinhibitory mechanism. Under the auto-inhibition blocked condition, U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, and staurosporine significantly inhibited the effect of atropine on electrical field stimulation-induced release. An inhibitor of phospholipase A2, mepacrine, inhibited PDBu-induced acetylcholine release and also inhibited the effect of atropine on electrical field stimulation-induced release. An activator of phospholipase A2, melittin, and a product of the phospholipase, arachidonic acid, increased the spontaneous and electrical field stimulation-induced releases. These results suggest that the phospholipase C-protein kinase C system modulates acetylcholine release from cholinergic neurons by activating phospholipase A2 in the myenteric plexus of guinea pig ileum, and the activation of muscarinic autoreceptor may negatively modulate acetylcholine release at a point upstream of the system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hata
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D016227:Benzoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004963:Estrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008555:Melitten / Q000494:pharmacology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009197:Myenteric Plexus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D011796:Quinacrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D016227:Benzoquinones; D004963:Estrenes; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D009281:Naphthalenes; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; C061465:calphostin complex; C060229:1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione; D008555:Melitten; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D001285:Atropine; C036837:2,3,5-trimethyl-6-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiynyl)-1,4-benzoquinone; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D011796:Quinacrine; D019311:Staurosporine; D000109:Acetylcholine