title: 14C-labeled microcystin-LR administered to Atlantic salmon via intraperitoneal injection provides in vivo evidence for covalent binding of microcystin-LR in salmon livers.
abstract: The tissue distribution and clearance of radiolabeled microcystin-LR administered to Atlantic salmon via i.p. injection has been re-examined using uniformly 14C-labeled toxin. Significant differences were found to exist between these results and those obtained when fish received an i.p. injection of tritium-labeled dihydromicrocystin-LR. In addition, MeOH liver extracts were assayed by both phosphatase assay and 14C counts and the results compared with the total levels of incorporation determined by digestion and subsequent 14C counting of the same live tissues. An attempt to investigate the metabolism and to document the putative products was also undertaken. It was found that microcystin-LR was extensively metabolized to compounds that are more polar than the parent compound.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Dawe
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Holmes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D000458:Cyanobacteria; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012474:Salmon / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C057862:cyanoginosin LR