title: Regulation of the expression of lipogenic enzyme genes by carbohydrate.
abstract: Diets high in simple carbohydrates and low in fats lead in the mammalian liver to induction of a set of enzymes involved in lipogenesis. This induction occurs, in part, through transcriptional mechanisms that lead to elevated levels of the mRNA for these enzymes. For most of the lipogenic enzymes, an increase in glucose metabolism is required to trigger the transcriptional response. The intracellular mediator of this signaling pathway is unknown, although evidence suggests either glucose-6-phosphate or xylulose-5-phosphate. Studies to map the regulatory sequences of lipogenic enzyme genes involved in the transcriptional response have been performed for the L-type pyruvate kinase, S14, and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase genes. These studies have identified the DNA sequences necessary to link the signal generated by carbohydrate metabolism to specific nuclear transcription factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and the Institute of Human Genetics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Towle
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Kaytor
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shih
mesh_terms: D001275:ATP Citrate (pro-S)-Lyase / Q000235:genetics; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000235:genetics; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D008055:Lipids; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D001275:ATP Citrate (pro-S)-Lyase; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; D005947:Glucose