title: Successful systemic low-dose lysis of a caval thrombus by rt-PA in a neonate with congenital nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thrombotic complications in nephrotic syndrome due to renal loss of antithrombin III (AT III) are well known. With this case report, we want to demonstrate the possibility of achieving the lysis of such a thrombosis in the neonatal period with low-dose rt-PA.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated a 10-day-old newborn who had congenital nephrotic syndrome, who developed a caval thrombosis during the first days of his life. After a trial of heparin (up to 20 IU/kg/hour) over a period of 24 hours and treatment with AT III (2 x 250 IU/day) proved to be ineffective, we started systemic thrombolytic therapy with rt-PA. An initial bolus of 0.4 mg/kg during 1 hour was followed by an infusion of 0.5 mg/kg/d rt-PA over a period of 36 hours. Low-dose heparin (5 IU/kg/hour) was given simultaneously. Complete clot dissolution could be achieved this way. No adverse effects were observed, including no clinical signs of bleeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It seems that low-dose rt-PA treatment is safe and effective in dissoluting large caval thromboses in neonates.
authors.affiliation: Klinik mit Poliklinik für Kinder und Jugendliche, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kändler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ries
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rupprecht
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ruder
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harms
mesh_terms: D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000151:congenital*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012082:Renal Veins; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator