title: On the need to screen for Chlamydia and gonorrhea infections prior to colposcopy in adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this study were to explore the association of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) with cervical biopsy and to examine whether screening for Chlamydia and gonorrhea infections within 2 weeks prior to colposcopy is a standard clinical practice among adolescents' care providers in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to U.S. physicians and nurses who are members of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, and/or the North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 368, from all the states in America, responded. Only 5% of the respondents have encountered biopsy-associated PID owing to Chlamydia and/or gonorrhea. The incidence rate of biopsy-associated PID reported by the respondents to this survey was approximately 1:1000 colposcopic biopsies. Fifteen percent of the respondents screen their adolescent patients, and 23% favor screening for Chlamydia and gonorrhea infections within 2 weeks prior to colposcopy. Previous experience with colposcopy and previous encounters with biopsy-associated PID in adolescents did not significantly affect the practice or the opinion of the respondents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Screening for Chlamydia and gonorrhea infections within 2 weeks prior to colposcopy in adolescents is presently not a common clinical practice among U.S. adolescents' care providers. Because of the potential risk of biopsy-associated PID, it is advisable to minimize the interval between Chlamydia and gonorrhea screening and colposcopy in adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Division of Adolescent Medicine, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Harel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riggs
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016497:Adolescent Health Services; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D003127:Colposcopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology