title: Decreased glucose effectiveness but not insulin resistance in glucose-tolerant offspring of Japanese non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients: a minimal-model analysis.
abstract: The aim of the study was to estimate insulin sensitivity (SI), insulin secretion, and glucose effectiveness (SG) in 10 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (eight men and two women) with a family history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM offspring). Ten glucose-tolerant subjects (eight men and two women) without a family history of NIDDM served as control subjects. All subjects were Japanese. They underwent a modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT): glucose (300 mg/kg body weight) was administered, and insulin (20 mU/kg over 5 minutes) was infused from 20 to 25 minutes after glucose. SI and SG were estimated by Bergman's minimal-model method. No significant difference was observed in body mass index (22.6 +/- 1.5 v 21.5 +/- 0.6 kg/m2) and fasting glucose (5.1 +/- 0.1 v 5.2 +/- 0.1 mol/L) and insulin (40.7 +/- 6.3 v 42.6 +/- 6.7 pmol/L). SI was not different between the two groups (0.83 +/- 0.11 v 0.94 +/- 0.15 x 10(-1).min-1.pmol/ L-1, P > .05). The acute insulin response to glucose (AIRglucose) estimated by intravenous glucose tolerance testing was significantly lower in the offspring than in the normal controls (2,139 +/- 265 v 3,438 +/- 318 pmol/L.min, P < .05). The glucose disappearance rate (KG) and SG were significantly diminished in the offspring versus normal controls (KG, 1.50 +/- 0.22 v 2.10 +/- 0.15 min-1, P < .05; SG, 0.016 +/- 0.003 v 0.023 +/- 0.002 min-1, P < .05). Thus, glucose-tolerant Japanese NIDDM offspring with normal insulin sensitivity are characterized by a reduced AIRglucose and diminished SG. This is the first report that glucose resistance but not insulin resistance already exists in glucose-tolerant Japanese NIDDM offspring.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryo Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Higaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fujitani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokuyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukushima
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose