title: Effect of vitamin A supplementation on measles vaccination in nine-month-old infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Childhood immunization programs have been suggested as an infrastructure to deliver vitamin A supplements to children in developing countries. The effects of giving vitamin A, a potent immune enhancer, with measles immunization to nine-month-old infants is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial of vitamin A, 100,000 IU at the time of standard titer Schwarz measles immunization was conducted with nine-month-old infants in Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. Antibody titers to measles were measured at baseline and one and six months following immunization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  394 infants received measles immunization, and 37 infants (9.4%) had baseline antibody titers > 1:120, which is consistent with previous natural measles infection. Of the remaining infants, 98.8% seroconverted to measles, and 99.3% had titers consistent with protection against measles six months postimmunization. Seroconversion rates were similar in vitamin A and placebo treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High dose vitamin A supplementation can be given without reducing seroconversion to standard titer Schwatz measles immunization in nine-month-old infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Semba
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akib
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beeler
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Munasir
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Permaesih
authors.lastname: Muherdiyantiningsih
authors.lastname: Komala
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martuti
authors.lastname: Muhilal
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D014801:Vitamin A