title: Isolated sleep paralysis in African Americans with panic disorder.
abstract: Isolated sleep paralysis (ISP) was assessed in African Americans and Whites diagnosed with panic disorder and other anxiety disorders. Participants were recruited from an outpatient clinic where they were diagnosed with panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia, and simple phobia. Control groups of volunteers without a history of psychiatric disorder were included. All research participants completed a questionnaire to assess for ISP. Group differences were analysed through a series of chi-square analyses. The incidence of recurrent ISP was significantly higher in African Americans with panic disorder (59.6%) as compared with African Americans with other anxiety disorders (11.1%), African American control group participants (23%), Whites with panic disorder (7.5%), Whites with other anxiety disorders (0%), and White control group participants (6%). Recurrent ISP was found to be more common among African American participants, particularly for those with panic disorder. African Americans with panic disorder may experience recurrent ISP as a feature of their disorder.
authors.affiliation: State University of New York, Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Department of Psychiatry 11203, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Paradis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D010243:Paralysis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*