title: Tyrosine phosphorylation in contraction of opossum esophageal longitudinal muscle in response to SNP.
abstract: Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) has been shown to elicit a guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-mediated, indomethacin-sensitive contraction of the opossum esophageal longitudinal muscle. We examined the role of tyrosine phosphorylation in the signal transduction pathway of contractions induced by SNP and cGMP in longitudinal muscle strips in vitro. Force of isometric contractions was expressed as the percentage of responses to KCl (73 mM). SNP (100 microM)-induced contractions were 75 +/- 5% before and 3 +/- 2% after 50 microM genistein (P < 0.005) and 86 +/- 16% before and 0 +/- 0% after 50 microM tyrphostin B46. Contractions in response to 8-bromo-cGMP (8-BrcGMP; 1 mM) were 74 +/- 15% before and 3 +/- 2% after genistein (P < 0.01) and 63 +/- 15% before and 18 +/- 4% after tyrphostin B46 (P < 0.05). In contrast, KCl-induced contractions were 82 +/- 8% and 96 +/- 9% of the control value after genistein and tyrphostin B46 treatments, respectively (P > 0.05 for both). Carbachol contractions were partially suppressed by genistein (106 +/- 8% vs. 79 +/- 8%; P < 0.05) but unaffected by tyrphostin B46 (114 +/- 10% vs. 107 +/- 12%; P > 0.05). Western blot analysis revealed a 116-kDa phosphotyrosine protein in the control muscle strips. The level of this protein was increased to 206 +/- 15% of control after SNP treatment. Both genistein and tyrphostin B46 blocked this increase. These studies show that contractions of the esophageal longitudinal muscle induced by SNP and cGMP utilize a signal transduction pathway different from that used by the depolarizing agent KCl and the muscarinic agonist carbachol. Contractions induced by SNP and cGMP involve tyrosine phosphorylation of a protein, possibly identified as a 116-kDa protein, as a key step in the signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Center for Swallowing and Motility Disorders, Brockton/West Roxbury Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Roxbury, Massachusetts 02132, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kakkar
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Szymanski
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Goyal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001597:Benzylidene Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019833:Genistein; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009893:Opossums; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D020032:Tyrphostins
chemical_list: D001597:Benzylidene Compounds; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007529:Isoflavones; D009570:Nitriles; D020032:Tyrphostins; C095713:alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-(3-phenylpropyl)cinnamide; D009599:Nitroprusside; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; C016276:8-bromocyclic GMP; D014443:Tyrosine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D002217:Carbachol; D019833:Genistein; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D006152:Cyclic GMP