title: The role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy--a pilot study.
abstract: The use of botulinum toxin in cerebral palsy is still experimental. We conducted a pilot clinical trial with botulinum toxin injections on 14 children with spastic cerebral palsy. All patients were mobile with dynamic contractures of the gastrocnemius-soleus muscles. The injections were monophasic in 9 patients and biphasic in 5 patients. Improvement in dorsiflexion, quality of gait and grade of independence were achieved in 3 patients; improvement in dorsilflexion and quality of gait were achieved in 6 patients. There was no significant change in quality of gait in 4 patients. The beneficial effect lasted 4-9 months (mean 6.7 months). A combined functional score given by the physicians, therapists and parents showed a marked improvement in 6 patients (42.9%), a mild improvement in 3 patients (21.4%) and no improvement in 5 patients (35.7%). Biphasic injections were slightly more effective than monophasic injections (p < 0.02). Adverse effects were usually mild. We conclude that botulinum toxin may be used for the reduction of spasticity in patients with cerebral palsy who have dynamic deformities of the ankle joints.
authors.affiliation: Child Development Center of Kupat Hollm, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zelnik
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Giladi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goikhman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Keren
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moris
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honigman
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009128:Muscle Spasticity; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A