title: The Bacillus subtilis crh gene encodes a HPr-like protein involved in carbon catabolite repression.
abstract: Carbon catabolite repression (CCR) of several Bacillus subtilis catabolic genes is mediated by ATP-dependent phosphorylation of histidine-containing protein (HPr), a phosphocarrier protein of the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP): sugar phosphotransferase system. In this study, we report the discovery of a new B. subtilis gene encoding a HPr-like protein, Crh (for catabolite repression HPr), composed of 85 amino acids. Crh exhibits 45% sequence identity with HPr, but the active site His-15 of HPr is replaced with a glutamine in Crh. Crh is therefore not phosphorylated by PEP and enzyme I, but is phosphorylated by ATP and the HPr kinase in the presence of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. We determined Ser-46 as the site of phosphorylation in Crh by carrying out mass spectrometry with peptides obtained by tryptic digestion or CNBr cleavage. In a B. subtilis ptsH1 mutant strain, synthesis of beta-xylosidase, inositol dehydrogenase, and levanase was only partially relieved from CCR. Additional disruption of the crh gene caused almost complete relief from CCR. In a ptsH1 crh1 mutant, producing HPr and Crh in which Ser-46 is replaced with a nonphosphorylatable alanyl residue, expression of beta-xylosidase was also completely relieved from glucose repression. These results suggest that CCR of certain catabolic operons requires, in addition to CcpA, ATP-dependent phosphorylation of Crh, and HPr at Ser-46.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, Unité Propre de Recherche 412 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galinier
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haiech
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kilhoffer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaquinod
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stülke
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deutscher
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martin-Verstraete
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010731:Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C118042:Crh protein, Bacillus subtilis; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D002244:Carbon; D010731:Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System; C030182:phosphocarrier protein HPr