title: Iliosacral screw fixation for pelvic obliquity in neuromuscular scoliosis. A long-term follow-up study.
abstract: METHODS
  This was a retrospective review of a consecutive series of patients with neuromuscular spinal deformity who underwent posterior fusion and pelvic fixation using a long construct and an iliosacral screw.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the risks and benefits of iliosacral screw fixation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Neuromuscular scoliosis with pelvic obliquity poses one of the most challenging instrumentation problems, mainly because of the poor bone quality frequently found within the sacrum. Complications include failure of instrumentation, loss of sacral fixation, loss of lumbar lordosis, and a high rate of nonunion.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty-four patients with neuromuscular scoliosis and pelvic obliquity underwent posterior arthrodesis with pelvic fixation using an iliosacral screw. Anteroposterior scoliosis Cobb angle, frontal pelvic obliquity, and sacral inclination angle were measured before surgery, immediately after surgery, and at the 5-year and 3-month follow-up examination. Influence of etiology, severity of deformity, and associated anterior release at the scoliotic curve above also were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correction of scoliosis Cobb angle ranged from 53% to 70%, and loss of correction ranged from 3% to 14% at the last follow-up examination. Correction of pelvic obliquity ranged from 60% to 84%, and loss of correction was mild. Sacral inclination angle approached normal values in all patients, except for those with myelomeningocele who had preoperative pelvic retroversion. Loss of correction ranged from 0.3 degree to 5.4 degrees at the last follow-up examination. Complications and loss of correction mostly were encountered in patients with myelomeningocele and spinal muscular atrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iliosacral screw fixation in neuromuscular scoliosis is technically standardized and easy and offers mechanically efficient and stable fixation.
authors.affiliation: Département de Chirurgie Orthopédique Pédiatrique, Höpital Saint Vincent de Paul, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Miladi
authors.forename: I B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Ghanem
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Draoui
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Zeller
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dubousset
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001863:Bone Screws; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D010388:Pelvis / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012446:Sacroiliac Joint / Q000601:surgery; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*