title: Outcomes of multifetal pregnancy reduction in multiple pregnancies achieved by intracytoplasmic sperm injection using ejaculated, testicular, or epididymal sperm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the pregnancy outcome after transabdominal multifetal pregnancy reduction in multiple pregnancies achieved by intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  One twin and 13 triplet pregnancies obtained by intracytoplasmic sperm injection underwent pregnancy reduction. Pregnancies were achieved with ejaculated sperm in 8, testicular sperm in 3, and epididymal sperm in 2 of these cases. All triplet pregnancies were reduced to twins at 10-12 weeks' gestation by transabdominal potassium chloride injection. A twin pregnancy with spina bifida affecting 1 fetus was reduced to singleton at 18 weeks of pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no failed procedure and no pregnancy loss within the first 4 weeks after the procedure. A complete miscarriage (7.1%) developed in 1 case at 17 weeks' gestation which was due most probably to the incompetent cervix. In utero fetal death occurred in 1 fetus of another reduced pregnancy. Three of the reduced pregnancies delivered at term, after 37 completed weeks, four premature deliveries occurred between 31 and 35 gestational weeks, and four pregnancies were ongoing beyond 25 weeks' gestation. A total of 16 fetuses, from seven twin and two singleton pregnancies, were delivered without perinatal mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the sample size was small, our experience indicates that the reduction of triplets obtained by sophisticated infertility treatments such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection using testicular or epididymal sperm seems to be a safe method and can be effectively used.
authors.affiliation: Sevgi Hospital, Assisted Reproductive Techniques and Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kahraman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vicdan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nuhoglu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Danişman
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Işik
authors.forename: O D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Ozgün
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Biberoglu
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous; D000328:Adult; D004542:Ejaculation; D004822:Epididymis / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D005313:Fetal Death; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018607:Pregnancy Reduction, Multifetal; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology; D014310:Triplets