title: Antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder, and substance abuse in schizophrenia.
abstract: The validity of subtypes based on antisocial personality disorder (APD) or childhood conduct disorder without adult APD (CD only) in patients with schizophrenia (or schizoaffective disorder) and a substance use disorder (abuse or dependence) was examined. APD patients scored lower on personality measures related to socialization and higher on antisocial behavior, psychopathy, and aggression. APD patients also reported higher rates of aggression and legal problems. APD, and to a lesser extent CD only, was associated with more severe psychiatric symptoms, an earlier age of onset of substance abuse, more severe symptoms of substance abuse, and a stronger family history of substance abuse and psychiatric hospitalization. The findings suggest that schizophrenia patients with APD represent a high-risk subgroup vulnerable to more severe substance abuse, psychiatric impairment, aggression, and legal problems.
authors.affiliation: New Hampshire-Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Concord 03301, USA. kim.t.mueser@dartmouth.edu
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Mueser
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Ackerson
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Alterman
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Miles
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Noordsy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010556:Personality Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology