title: Kinetic analysis of the primary active transport of conjugated metabolites across the bile canalicular membrane: comparative study of S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-glutathione and 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-2-methylamino-4-(3-pyridylmethyl)benzothiazole glucuronide.
abstract: Eisai hyperbilirubinemic rat (EHBR) is a mutant strain with a hereditary defect in canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter (cMOAT). We examined the uptake and mutual inhibition of S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-glutathione (DNP-SG), which is a typical substrate for cMOAT, and 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-2-methylamino-4-(3-pyridylmethyl) benzothiazole (E3040) glucuronide (E-glu) with canalicular membrane vesicles (CMV) prepared from Sprague-Dawley (SD) and EHBR rats to investigate the multiplicity of the organic anion transporter. The ATP-dependent uptake by CMV from SD rats had an apparent Km of 17.6 microM for DNP-SG and 5.7 microM for E-glu, whereas the corresponding uptake by CMV from EHBR had an apparent Km of 44.6 microM for E-glu. The effects of E-glu, 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide (4 MUG), E3040 sulfate (E-sul) and 4-methylumbelliferone sulfate (4 MUS) on the uptake of [3H]DNP-SG were also examined. The uptake of [3H]DNP-SG was inhibited by glucuronides (E-glu and 4 MUG) in a concentration-dependent manner, although it was enhanced by the sulfate conjugates (E-sul and 4 MUS). This enhancement was shown to be caused by an increased DNP-SG affinity for the transporter. In CMV from SD rats, although ATP-dependent uptake of [3H]DNP-SG was almost completely inhibited by E-glu, that of [14C]E-glu was only reduced to about 30% of controls by DNP-SG. On the other hand, in CMV from EHBR, the ATP-dependent uptake of [14C]E-glu was not inhibited at all by DNP-SG. Kinetic analysis indicated that E-glu inhibited DNP-SG uptake competitively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1) cMOAT recognizes both DNP-SG and E-glu, and another transporter present in SD rats is also involved in E-glu transport along with cMOAT; 2) the latter transporter is kinetically similar to the E-glu transporter present in EHBR; 3) E-sul enhances the uptake of DNP-SG by increasing the affinity of glucuronide for the transporter.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niinuma
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001648:Bile Canaliculi / Q000378:metabolism*; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006933:Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D011725:Pyridines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D011922:Rats, Mutant Strains; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D052160:Benzothiazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D013844:Thiazoles; C095803:E 3040; C030190:S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)glutathione; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005978:Glutathione