title: Clinical evaluation of hydroxyapatite-coated titanium plasma-sprayed and titanium plasma-sprayed cylinder dental implants: a preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this article was to present the preliminary results of a prospective clinical trial comparing titanium plasma-sprayed versus hydroxyapatite-coated titanium plasma-sprayed cylinder (press fit) implants in different regions of the mouth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five subjects met the inclusion requirements. Surgery was done in two phases by four experienced surgeons. Implant placement and abutment connection were separated by 3 to 4 months in the mandible, 6 to 7 months in the maxilla. Patients were assigned to either titanium plasma-sprayed or hydroxyapatite-coated implants on the day of surgery. Implant placement was not stratified for the region of the jaws. Outcome assessment was failure (loss) of an implant before or within 3 months of second phase surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred fifty-two implants equally distributed between titanium plasma-sprayed and hydroxyapatite-coated titanium plasma-sprayed implants were placed in four different sites; anterior maxilla, posterior maxilla, anterior mandible, and posterior mandible. There were a total of 15 failures (4.26%). Overall, titanium plasma-sprayed implants showed a higher but not significant failure rate compared with hydroxyapatite-coated implants (p = 0.06). Although not statistically significant, we believe that a smoking history played an important role in the failure of implants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that an hydroxyapatite-coating of an implant allows superior initial integration when compared with a titanium plasma-sprayed surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, University of Texas, Health Science Center, San Antonio, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saigusa
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Van Sickels
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Tiner
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Gardner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D017886:Durapatite; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016348:Osseointegration; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium