title: Use of alar batten grafts for correction of nasal valve collapse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of alar batten grafts for the correction of internal and external nasal valve collapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective study, a questionnaire was used to ask patients to rate their nasal breathing before and after application of alar batten grafts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private practice and academic tertiary referral medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  The questionnaire was given to 63 patients who underwent application of alar batten grafts between 1980 and 1995. Forty-six patients (73%) responded and were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Alar batten grafts were applied into a precise pocket via a limited endonasal incision or via the external rhinoplasty approach. The grafts consisted of curved septal cartilage or auricular cartilage and were applied to the site of maximal lateral nasal wall collapse. The convex surface of the cartilage was oriented laterally to allow maximal lateralization of the collapsed portion of the lateral nasal wall. In most cases, alar batten grafts were applied caudal to the existing lateral crura and extended from the lateral one third of the lateral crura to the piriform aperture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The degree of nasal airway obstruction was determined by subjective scoring on a scale from 1 (no obstruction) to 5 (complete obstruction) before and after surgery. The patency of the internal airway was also assessed on physical examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the study revealed that all but 1 of the 46 patients experienced an improvement in their nasal airway obstruction. The mean improvement in nasal airway obstruction was 2.5 on a scale of 5. Patients that had the least improvement had intranasal scarring in the region of the internal nasal valve, loss of vestibular skin, or excessive narrowing at the piriform aperture. Physical examination revealed a significant increase in the size of the aperture at the internal or external nasal valve after the application of the alar batten grafts. There was minimal postoperative fullness in the supraalar region, where the alar batten grafts were applied. With time, this fullness decreased, leaving little evidence of the graft and an overall improvement in the aesthetic result.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alar batten grafts are effective for long-term correction of internal and external nasal valve collapse that is not complicated by intranasal scarring in the region of the nasal valve, loss of vestibular skin, or excessive narrowing at the piriform aperture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Toriumi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Josen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weinberger
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Tardy
mesh_terms: D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects