title: Melatonin receptors in the brain and pituitary gland of hypothalamo-pituitary disconnected Soay rams.
abstract: In Soay rams in which the pituitary gland has been surgically separated from the hypothalamus, blood prolactin concentrations vary in response to changes in photoperiod and the administration of melatonin, as in intact animals, providing evidence that melatonin acts within the pituitary gland to control prolactin secretion. In this study the presence of potentially functional melatonin receptors in the pars tuberalis and zona tuberalis (PT/ZT) of hypothalamo-pituitary disconnected (HPD) Soay rams is confirmed using both in vitro autoradiography with the ligand 2-(125I)-iodomelatonin and in situ hybridization for the melatonin receptor. There was no effect of the HPD operation on the pattern and quantity of 2-(125I)iodomelatonin binding in the brain demonstrating that this binding is independent of hypothalamic regulation. The possibility that melatonin may control prolactin secretion directly via specific receptors on lactotrophs was investigated using dual in situ hybridization with a (35S) labelled probe for the ovine melatonin receptor (Mel 1a(b)) and a Digoxigenin labelled probe for ovine prolactin. Melatonin receptor gene expression was observed in the PT/ZT in both intact and HPD rams, however, there was no colocalization with prolactin gene expression; only in the ZT was there a close association between cells expressing the melatonin receptor and lactotrophs. The results provide strong support for the view that melatonin acts via the PT/ZT to mediate the effects of photoperiod on the seasonal cycle in prolactin secretion.
authors.affiliation: Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lincoln
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Mercer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D006041:Goats; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate) / Q000494:pharmacology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000601:surgery*; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D017440:Photoperiod; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D044094:Receptors, Melatonin; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D044094:Receptors, Melatonin; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); D011388:Prolactin; D008550:Melatonin