title: Effects of nifedipine, a calcium channel antagonist, on cognitive function in schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia.
abstract: We examined whether nifedipine, a calcium channel antagonist, added to a stable regimen of neuroleptic medication would affect cognition in patients with chronic schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who had tardive dyskinesia. Fifteen patients with tardive dyskinesia were treated with nifedipine (60 mg daily) or matching placebo for 4 weeks and then were crossed over from nifedipine to placebo or from placebo to nifedipine for another 4 weeks. At the end of each 4-week phase of the study, the patients performed a rotary pursuit test of procedural learning and a dementia scale assessing general cognitive abilities. Nifedipine improved performance in the rotary pursuit test and conceptual abilities in the dementia scale compared with placebo, but only for patients who first were exposed to the tests during the placebo condition. These results provide preliminary evidence that calcium channel antagonists might enhance learning and memory in schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20422, USA.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fay-McCarthy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kendrick
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Rosse
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Deutsch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D009543:Nifedipine