Sequential therapy with cefuroxime followed by cefuroxime axetil in community-acquired pneumonia.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the efficacy of two sequential therapy regimens of IV cefuroxime followed by oral cefuroxime axetil for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).


METHODS
Prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study.


METHODS
Sixty-six centers in 11 countries (Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, and the United Kingdom).


METHODS
Six hundred thirty-six adults with CAP requiring hospitalization and initial IV antibiotic treatment.


METHODS
Cefuroxime, 1.5 g IV tid or bid for 48 to 72 h followed by oral cefuroxime axetil, 500 mg bid for 7 days.


RESULTS
For clinically evaluable patients, the clinical response rates were equivalent for cefuroxime tid and bid groups posttreatment (cure/improvement, 79% and 84%, respectively) and at follow-up (maintained cure, 87% and 82%, respectively). All signs and symptoms of pneumonia showed improvement at the time of switch from IV to oral therapy. A total of 111 pathogens were isolated, the most common being Streptococcus pneumoniae (23%), Haemophilus influenzae (18%), and Enterobacteriaceae (15%). Bacteriologic clearance was obtained posttreatment in 47 of 49 and 36 of 42 of bacteriologically evaluable patients in the cefuroxime tid and bid groups, respectively. Both regimens were well tolerated with a low incidence of drug-related adverse events, the most common being GI.


CONCLUSIONS
Twice daily IV cefuroxime followed by oral cefuroxime axetil is a simple and effective sequential therapy regimen for the treatment of CAP. It offers potential cost savings and can replace the current tid regimen in this indication.
Van den Brande
P
P
Pulmonary Division, Hospital St. Norbertus Duffel, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
Vondra
V
V
Vogel
F
F
Schlaeffer
F
F
Staley
H
H
Holmes
C
C
D000284:Administration, Oral; D002444:Cefuroxime / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002511:Cephalosporins; D011355:Prodrugs; D002444:Cefuroxime; C040738:cefuroxime axetil