title: Impact of interferon beta-1a on neurologic disability in relapsing multiple sclerosis. The Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group (MSCRG).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A phase III double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial demonstrated that interferon beta-1a (IFN beta-1a) (Avonex, Biogen) significantly delayed progression of disability in relapsing MS patients. The primary clinical outcome was time from study entry until disability progression, defined as > or = 1.0 point worsening from baseline Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score persisting for at least two consecutive scheduled visits separated by 6 months. The objective of this study was to examine the magnitude of benefit on EDSS and its clinical significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Post hoc analyses related to disability outcomes using data collected during the double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III clinical trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) Clinical efficacy related to disability did not depend on the definition of disability progression. A significant benefit in favor of IFN beta-1a was observed when > or = 2.0 point worsening from baseline EDSS was required or when worsening was required to persist for > or = 1.0 year. (2) Placebo recipients who reached the primary clinical outcome worsened by a larger amount from baseline EDSS than did IFN beta-1a recipients who reached the primary study outcome. (3) Significantly fewer IFN beta-1a recipients progressed to EDSS milestones of 4.0 (relatively severe impairment) or 6.0 (unilateral assistance needed to walk). (4) Cox proportional hazards models demonstrated that the only baseline characteristic strongly correlated with longer time to disability progression was IFN beta-1a treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The primary clinical outcome for the IFN beta-1a clinical trial underestimated clinical benefits of treatment. Results in this report demonstrate that IFN beta-1a treatment is associated with robust, clinically important beneficial effects on disability progression in relapsing MS patients.
authors.affiliation: Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195-5244, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rudick
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Goodkin
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Cookfair
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Herndon
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Richert
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Granger
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Simonian
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Campion
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Bartoszak
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Bourdette
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Braiman
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Brownscheidle
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Coats
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Cohan
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Dougherty
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Kinkel
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Mass
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Munschauer
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Priore
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Whitham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D018450:Disease Progression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009420:Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012008:Recurrence; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D016899:Interferon-beta; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a