title: [Motor dysfunction in the aged--approach to involuntary movements].
abstract: The clinical, pathophysiological and therapeutic approaches to the representative involuntary movements encountered in the aged are described. The prevalence rates of Parkinson disease and essential tremor are very high, and their diagnoses and treatments are quite important. Recent advances in treating Parkinson disease with anti-parkinsonian medications and essential tremor with beta-adrenergic blockers were presented. Blepharospasms, though uncommon, but occasionally seen in the aged persons, are disabled conditions. The botulinus toxin injections to the orbicularis oculi muscles proved to show dramatic therapeutic effects, greatly contributing to these patients' ADL. The importance of neuroscience in the coming 21st century is also stressed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tashiro
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000628:therapy; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D014202:Tremor / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D007980:Levodopa; D001905:Botulinum Toxins