title: Etiology and prognosis of acute, late-onset esotropia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study is to review etiologies and outcomes of sudden, late-onset esotropia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors reviewed charts of patients in whom acute, comitant, constant esotropia developed after 5 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors evaluated final ocular alignment, treatment, fusion, apparent etiologies, and associated neurologic conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten patients met entry criteria with documentation of previous orthotropia. Ages ranged from 5 to 35 years. Esotropia at near ranged from 16 to 70 prism diopters. In seven patients, the esotropia improved partially or completely with correction of hypermetropia. Eight patients required surgery. In only one patient were neuroimaging studies positive, associated ophthalmic and systemic findings identified, and underlying neurologic disease diagnosed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sudden, late-onset esotropia may be caused by an uncorrected refractive error. If no other neurologic signs are present, underlying intracranial disease is unlikely.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Legmann Simon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borchert
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004948:Esotropia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005139:Eyeglasses; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome