Serologic correlates of immunity in a tetravalent reassortant rotavirus vaccine trial. US Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy Group.
The correlation of antibody responses (serum rotavirus IgA and neutralizing antibody to serotype G1-G4 human rotaviruses and rhesus rotavirus [RRV]) in a reassortant rotavirus vaccine trial with protection against rotavirus infection or disease was investigated. Most subjects administered 4 x 10(5) pfu of either the serotype G1 monovalent or serotype G1-G4 tetravalent vaccine seroconverted for at least one of the six antibodies (85% and 91%, respectively). However, fewer than one-third seroconverted to any prototype G1-G4 human rotavirus. Analyses of covariance indicated that higher prevaccination neutralizing antibody titers negatively affected postvaccination titers. Significant relationships were found between several postvaccination rotavirus antibody titers and protection, and serotype-specific correlates of protection were identified between anti-Wa titers and G1 illnesses (P = .03) and between anti-RRV titers and G3 illnesses (P < .001). Overall, however, serotype-specific immunity was no more significant than heterotypic immunity, and no specific titer of any antibody analyzed was a reliable indicator of protection.
Ward
R L
RL
J. N. Gamble Institute of Medical Research, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Knowlton
D R
DR
Zito
E T
ET
Davidson
B L
BL
Rappaport
R
R
Mack
M E
ME
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000276:immunology*; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines