title: Rem is a new member of the Rad- and Gem/Kir Ras-related GTP-binding protein family repressed by lipopolysaccharide stimulation.
abstract: We report the cDNA cloning and characterization of a novel GTP-binding protein, termed Rem (for Rad and Gem-related), that was identified as a product of polymerase chain reaction amplification using oligonucleotide primers derived from conserved regions of the Rad, Gem, and Kir Ras subfamily. Alignment of the full-length open reading frame of mouse Rem revealed the encoded protein to be 47% identical to the Rad, Gem, and Kir proteins. The distinct structural features of the Rad, Gem, and Kir subfamily are maintained including a series of nonconservative amino acid substitutions at positions important for GTPase activity and a unique sequence motif thought to direct membrane association. Recombinant Rem binds GTP in a specific and saturable manner. Ribonuclease protection analysis found Rem to be expressed at comparatively high levels in cardiac muscle and at moderate levels in lung, skeletal muscle, and kidney. The administration of lipopolysaccharide to mice, a potent activator of the inflammatory and immune systems, results in the general repression of Rem mRNA levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Thus, Rem is the first Ras-related gene whose mRNA levels have been shown to be regulated by repression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0084, USA.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Finlin
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Andres
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate) / Q000378:metabolism; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D018631:ras Proteins
chemical_list: D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C108135:Rem protein, mouse; C490030:Rrad protein, mouse; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; C490245:GEM protein, human; C088119:Gem protein, mouse; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D018631:ras Proteins