title: A comparative study of midazolam to meperidine/promethazine as an IM sedative technique for the pediatric dental patient.
abstract: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) as an IM sedative agent in the pediatric population as compared to the standard IM meperidine (2.0 mg/kg)/promethazine (1.0 mg/kg) sedation technique. Ten pediatric dental patients, ASA Class I, were evaluated in this double-blind, randomized, crossover study. The patients ranged in age from two to four years. Vital signs, sedation levels, and anxiety levels were evaluated. Midazolam was shown to be safe, but the inferior drug compared to the standard IM meperidine/promethazine sedation technique.
authors.affiliation: University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, USA.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Downs
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dembo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pelphery
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000628:therapy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D011398:Promethazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008614:Meperidine; D011398:Promethazine; D008874:Midazolam