title: Biphasic emetic response of cyclophosphamide in the ferret.
abstract: Cyclophosphamide (177 mg/kg, IV: n = 8) produced a biphasic emetic response in the ferret with a mean +/- SE of 23.3 +/- 4.0 emetic episodes during a 4-h observation period. The emetic profile of cyclophosphamide showed a first phase with 18.6 +/- 3.9 episodes and a second phase with 4.7 +/- 1.2 episodes. Ondansetron (0.07 and 0.13 mg/kg, IV) and droperidol (0.25 and 0.79 mg/kg, IV) significantly reduced the number of emetic episodes in the first phase. Metoclopramide (2.24, 4.08, and 7.07 mg/kg, IV) also significantly reduced the number of emetic episodes in the first phase, and the dose of 7.07 mg/kg completely prevented emetic episodes in the second phase. In addition, ondansetron-treated ferrets (0.04, 0.07, and 0.13 mg/kg, IV) had a significant increase in the number of emetic episodes in the second phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore 20817-1679, USA. rwong@umabnet.ab.umd.edu
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lao
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Wynn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004329:Droperidol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005289:Ferrets / Q000502:physiology*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000494:pharmacology; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000494:pharmacology; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D017294:Ondansetron; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D008787:Metoclopramide; D004329:Droperidol