title: Priming with live respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prevents the enhanced pulmonary inflammatory response seen after RSV challenge in BALB/c mice immunized with formalin-inactivated RSV.
abstract: To investigate enhanced disease associated with a formalin-inactivated (FI) respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine, we studied the pulmonary inflammatory response to RSV in BALB/c mice immunized with live RSV, FI-RSV, or combinations of the two. After RSV challenge, the number of granular cells, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes, and the level of Th2-like cytokine mRNAs in the bronchoalveolar lavage specimens in mice immunized first with live RSV and then with FI-RSV were lower than that in FI-RSV-immunized mice and close to that in live RSV-immunized mice. These data suggest that prior live RSV infection prevents most of the enhanced inflammatory response seen in FI-RSV-immunized mice and might explain lack of enhanced disease in older FI-RSV-immunized children. A live RSV vaccine might similarly decrease the risk of enhanced disease with non-live RSV vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Waris
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsou
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Erdman
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D002452:Cell Count; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D014709:Vero Cells; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D005557:Formaldehyde