title: Functional role of a distal (3'-phosphate) group of CoA in the recombinant human liver medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-catalysed reaction.
abstract: The X-ray crystallographic structure of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD)-octenoyl-CoA complex reveals that the 3'-phosphate group of CoA is confined to the exterior of the protein structure [approx. 15 A (1.5 nm) away from the enzyme active site], and is fully exposed to the outside solvent environment. To ascertain whether such a distal (3'-phosphate) fragment of CoA plays any significant role in the enzyme catalysis, we investigated the recombinant human liver MCAD (HMCAD)-catalysed reaction by using normal (phospho) and 3'-phosphate-truncated (dephospho) forms of octanoyl-CoA and butyryl-CoA substrates. The steady-state kinetic data revealed that deletion of the 3'-phosphate group from octanoyl-CoA substrate increased the turnover rate of the enzyme to about one-quarter, whereas that from butyryl-CoA substrate decreased the turnover rate of the enzyme to about one-fifth; the Km values of both these substrates were increased by 5-10-fold on deletion of the 3'-phosphate group from the corresponding acyl-CoA substrates. The transient kinetics for the reductive half-reaction, oxidative half-reaction and the dissociation 'off-rate' (of the reaction product from the oxidized enzyme site) were all found to be affected by deletions of the 3'-phosphate group from octanoyl-CoA and butyryl-CoA substrates. A cumulative account of these results reveals that, although the 3'-phosphate group of acyl-CoA substrates might seem 'useless' on the basis of the structural data, it has an essential functional role during HMCAD catalysis.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D042964:Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase; D044944:Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002384:Catalysis; D003065:Coenzyme A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D044944:Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases; D042964:Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase; D003065:Coenzyme A