Are immunoconjugates useful for therapy with autoimmune diseases?
Immunoconjugates or immunotoxins (ITs) are targeting molecules which consist of a monoclonal antibody together with a toxin--thereby they can selectively kill target cells in a highly efficient manner. The use of ITs as a drug targeting approach is one of the most attractive research fields for tumor therapy; however, the study of ITs for the treatment of autoimmune diseases has been given little attention until recently. It has been shown that ITs could help alleviate the symptoms of myasthenia gravis and rheumatoid arthritis in animal models. In the last 3 yr ITs have been used in clinical trials (phase I and phase II) for the treatment of various autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and psoriasis. This article reviews the main progress on the application of ITs for the therapies of autoimmune diseases. The preliminary results suggest the future may hold some promise, but side effects, in addition to there being no convincing efficacy, remain unresolved.
Wu
M
M
Department of Biology, University of Leeds, U.K. gen6mw@leeds.ac.uk
D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000628:therapy; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000628:therapy; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000628:therapy; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000628:therapy; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000628:therapy; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000628:therapy
D018796:Immunoconjugates; D000922:Immunotoxins