title: Sodium ipodate (oragrafin) in the preoperative preparation of Graves' hyperthyroidism.
abstract: Fourteen Graves' hyperthyroid patients who had been prepared for surgery with sodium ipodate (SI) 500 mg orally twice daily for 3 days were retrospectively studied. SI was administered in combination with propylthiouracil (10 cases) and beta blockers (all cases), which had been previously initiated. Free serum thyroxine (T4) and total triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were measured before and after SI therapy on the morning of surgery. SI treatment significantly reduced total T3 concentration from 445.9 to 193.4 ng/dL (P < 0.0001) and free T4 concentration from 3.874 to 2.800 ng/dL (P = 0.0003). Preoperatively, only one patient had persistent tachycardia, and intraoperatively this same patient required beta blockers. Blood loss was unremarkable or reduced (average blood loss, 121 mL). On clinical examination glands were firm with normal or somewhat decreased vascularity. On histologic study all glands demonstrated changes consistent with treated Graves' disease. Preoperative treatment with SI appears to be a safe and efficacious method of preparing hyperthyroid patients for surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Hawaii 96859-5000, U.S.A.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Tomaski
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Mahoney
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Raines
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bornemann
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D013956:Antithyroid Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007487:Ipodate / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011292:Premedication; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011441:Propylthiouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D013956:Antithyroid Agents; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D011441:Propylthiouracil; D013972:Thyrotropin; D007487:Ipodate; D013974:Thyroxine