title: [Surgical treatment and classification of spontaneous pneumothorax caused by break-up of bullae].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the appropriate operation for surgical treatment and a better classification for spontaneous pneumothorax caused by break-up of bullae.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty two cases of spontaneous pneumothorax caused by break-up of bullae were reported and classified by their clinical characteristics and manifestations during operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cases were classified into type I (apical), type II (lobular), type III (diffusive) and type IV (bilateral) on the basis of bullae's appearance and location. And the cases of type I were further classified into Ia (simple) and Ib (pneumohemothoracic).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical classification was thought to be valuable for diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax caused by break-up of bullae.
authors.affiliation: 1st People's Hospital of Changzhou.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000145:classification* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000150:complications*