title: [A particular type of epilepsy in patients with congenital hemiparesis associated with polymicrogyria or unilateral pachygyria].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Magnetic resonance has permitted the recognition of cortical dysplasias in patients with congenital hemiparesia and epilepsy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinic-EEG characteristics and course of epilepsy in patients with congenital hemiparesia and unilateral polymicrogyria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed the clinical histories of 11 patients seen between 1990 and 1996. We studied 6 girls and 5 boys aged between 5 and 13 years, with a follow-up period of from 1 to 6 years. The epilepsy began at between 1 and 6 years old with partial motor seizures. On EEG there were frontotemporal spikes in 9 cases, temporooccipital in 1 and parieto-occipital in another. All 11 patients had hemiparesia, with slight mental retardation in 9 patients and moderate mental retardation in 2. The CT/MR brain scan showed unilateral polymicrogyria. At between 2 and 8 years of age, all 11 patients developed subintrant atonic crises with a pseudo-ataxic gait, absences in 7 patients and myoclonia in 3. Awake EEG showed bilateral asymmetrical spikes. During sleep 7 patients had continuous spikewave discharges and 4 had frequent asymmetrical bilateral spikes. Four patients relapsed. Five patients are free of crises, five have sporadic crises and one continues to have daily crises.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These patients had hemiparetic cerebral paralysis, slight mental retardation and epilepsy. At about the age of 6 a peculiar electro-clinical condition developed. Response to treatment was satisfactory, although the follow-up period is still not long.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Pediatría, Prof. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Caraballo
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Cersósimo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fejerman
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005625:Frontal Lobe; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009778:Occipital Lobe; D013702:Temporal Lobe; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed