title: Brachial artery access for percutaneous renal artery interventions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the suitability of transbrachial access for endovascular renal artery interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  During 37 consecutive endovascular renal artery interventions, the transbrachial approach was used on nine patients (mean age 63 years; range 41-76 years) for 11 renal artery procedures on native kidneys and one percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) on a transplanted kidney. The reason for using transbrachial access was a steep aorta-renal angle in five, and severe aorta-iliac atherosclerosis in the remaining patients. In addition to the intervention catheter in the left brachial artery, an additional nonselective catheter for controlling the procedure was inserted transfemorally (six patients) or via the contralateral brachial artery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven interventions (six PTAs, five stents) were successfully completed. The one failure resulted from impenetrable subclavian artery stenosis. The only major complication was a brachial artery pseudoaneurysm requiring surgical treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transbrachial access is an effective and relatively safe technique for renal artery interventions when transfemoral access is not possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, SF-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Kaukanen
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Manninen
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Matsi
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Söder
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000379:methods*; D001916:Brachial Artery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D015607:Stents