title: What is confidence? Part 2: Detailed definition and determination of confidence intervals.
abstract: In many cases, CIs should be reported in place of P values. The lower limit of a 95% CI is chosen such that the probability of obtaining the value observed in the trial or a greater value is .025 and the upper limit such that the probability of obtaining the value observed or a lesser value is also .025. CIs for data from most clinical trials may be calculated easily with the use of formulas given in this article. A 95% CI is not the same as a 95% probability interval. The 95% CI contains values statistically consistent with the data obtained, whereas a 95% probability interval has a 95% probability of containing the true value of interest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, USA.
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D016017:Odds Ratio