title: Contractile reserve of dysfunctional myocardium after revascularization: a dobutamine stress echocardiography study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to investigate the effects of revascularization on the contractile reserve of dysfunctional myocardium.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The improvement in dysfunctional but viable myocardium after revascularization is frequently less than expected from the amount of contractile reserve detected on dobutamine stress echocardiography. The fate of the contractile reserve, when it does not result in an adequate contractile recovery, is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Basal contraction and contractile reserve of infarct zones were assessed by dobutamine stress echocardiography in 21 postinfarction male patients before and > 3 months after revascularization (30 infarct zones; mean +/- SD left ventricular ejection fraction 35 +/- 8%). An infarct zone wall motion score index (WMSI) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before revascularization, contractile reserve was present in 14 infarct zones (12 patients) and absent in 16 (9 patients). After revascularization, ejection fraction increased by 5 +/- 4% (p < 0.01) in patients classified as positive for contractile reserve and remained unchanged in those classified as negative. New York Heart Association classification improved in 58.3% and 22.2% of patients, respectively. Basal contraction improved in eight zones with previous contractile reserve (57.1%) and in one zone without (6.3%) (p < 0.01). Contractile reserve was still evident in 13 zones with previous contractile reserve (93%; 8 with contractile recovery), and it developed in 6 zones without (38%; none with contractile recovery). WMSI values after revascularization were decreased from values before revascularization during low dose dobutamine in zones with and without previous contractile reserve (p < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After revascularization, contractile reserve is maintained or even increases in viable infarct zones that do not recover as expected. It may also develop in some infarct zones judged not to be viable before revascularization. This increased contractile reserve may play a role in the functional improvement of patients after revascularization.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lombardo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Loperfido
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pennestrí
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Possati
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maseri
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D004280:Dobutamine; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D004280:Dobutamine