title: Mutational analysis of human prothymosin alpha reveals a bipartite nuclear localization signal.
abstract: Mutants of human prothymosin alpha with impaired ability to inhibit yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. cerevisiae cell growth were characterized. Two types of prothymosin alpha-inactivating mutations were observed. Mutations that belong to the first type compromised the nuclear entry of prothymosin alpha by affecting its nuclear localization signal. Analysis of subcellular distribution of GFP-prothymosin alpha fusions revealed a bipartite nuclear localization signal that is both necessary and sufficient for nuclear import of the protein in human cells. Mutations of the second type abrogated the inhibitory action of prothymosin alpha through an unknown mechanism, without influencing the nuclear import of the protein.
authors.affiliation: Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Russia.
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Rubtsov
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Zolotukhin
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Vorobjev
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Chichkova
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Pavlov
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Karger
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Evstafieva
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Felber
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Vartapetian
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000235:genetics; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009154:Mutation; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D013947:Thymosin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011498:Protein Precursors; C040782:prothymosin alpha; D013947:Thymosin