Molecular characterization of a flagellar/chemotaxis operon in the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
A chemotaxis gene cluster from Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochete that causes Lyme disease, was cloned, sequenced, and analyzed. This cluster contained three chemotaxis gene homologs (cheA, cheW and cheY) and an open reading frame we identified as cheX. Although the major functional domains for B. burgdorferi CheW and CheY were well conserved, the size of cheW was significantly different from the homolog of other bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis of CheY indicated that B. burgdorferi constitutes a distinct branch with Treponema pallidum and is closely associated with Archea and Gram-positive bacteria. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the chemotaxis genes and the upstream flagellar gene flaA constitute an operon. Western blot analysis using antibody to Escherichia coli CheA resulted in two reactive proteins in the cell lysates of B. burgdorferi that is consistent with two cheA homologs being present in this organism. The results taken together suggest both similarities and differences in the chemotaxis apparatus of B. burgdorferi compared to those of other bacteria.
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Department of Microbiology and Immunology, West Virginia University, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, Morgantown 26506-9177, USA.
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D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015748:Borrelia burgdorferi Group / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000235:genetics*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005407:Flagella / Q000235:genetics*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D000071677:Histidine Kinase; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D000072236:Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D005810:Multigene Family; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D009876:Operon / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C489103:CheW protein, E coli; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000072236:Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis Proteins; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C000607606:cheY protein, E coli; C051236:CheW protein, Bacteria; D000071677:Histidine Kinase; C000607608:cheA protein, E coli