title: Minimal and direct access ureterolithotomy.
abstract: Authors developed an alternative method to laparoscopic surgery for ureterolithotomy. The surgery is of minimal access because the length of the single skin incision ranges from 3 to 4 cm, depending on the type of exploration. It is of direct access because the surgeon sees the operative area directly and stereoscopically with his own two eyes without video-optical support. The procedure requires a special open-lumen retractorscope (Jakoscope) with a high intensity fiberoptic light system and modified standard hand instruments. Ureterolithotomy is operated retroperitoneally through a minilumbotomy incision. The procedures are simple, rapid and the instruments are inexpensive. The postoperative pain and morbidity are comparable to the laparoscopic approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St. Stephen Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Répássy
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frang
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Jako
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000601:surgery*