title: Reduction of patient exposure in pediatric radiology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors determined whether presently used exposure levels in pediatric imaging can be reduced without loss of information or a decrease in diagnostic accuracy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multiple (stacked) image detectors and filters were used to obtain identical compute radiographic images at different exposure levels of neonates with either no active lung disease or hyaline membrane disease. Physical characteristics of the images were measured. A contrast-detail study and a receiver operating characteristic study were conducted to measure observer performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physical measurements and results of the contrast-detail study revealed that the dose-reduction images were essentially limited by x-ray quantum noise. Results of the receiver operating characteristic study indicated that diagnostic accuracy did not decrease significantly up to about 75% exposure reduction levels, although image quality rating data decreased with each exposure reduction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decreasing exposure levels to about 75% of current levels may be acceptable in some clinical situations where dose is a concern, such as in pediatric imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Roehrig
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Krupinski
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hulett
mesh_terms: D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D006801:Humans; D006819:Hyaline Membrane Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012372:ROC Curve; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic