title: Comparison of food intake, rate of consumption, pecking activity and behaviour in layer and broiler breeder males.
abstract: 1. The food intake, rate of food consumption (g/min) and behavioural time budgets of individually caged broiler and layer (white egg) males were compared in the early morning (1.5 to 3.5 h after onset of photoperiod) and afternoon (5.5 to 7.5 h after photostimulation) on 4 different days at 11 to 12 weeks of age. Correlations among rate of consumption, the proportions of time on different activities and previously estimated scores for fearfulness were calculated. 2. Food intake and rate of consumption were two-fold greater in broilers than in layers. The proportion of time spent feeding in the morning was lower in layers compared with broilers and was similar in the afternoon. Rate of consumption was higher in the morning than in the afternoon in both lines. 3. Overall, a similar proportion of time was spent feeding, standing and sitting in both lines. The birds were more likely to be sleeping (eyes closed) in the afternoon than in the morning. 4. The proportions of time spent on preening, pecking and stereotypic pacing were greater in layers than in broiler breeders. The proportion of time spent drinking tended to be higher in broiler breeders than layers. 5. Two measures of fearfulness, aversion to a looming human and a novel rod were respectively positively and negatively correlated to time drinking and stereotypic pacing. 6. The time spent in stereotypic pacing was negatively related to rate of consumption and time spent preening. 7. The results suggest that low food intake is associated with increased arousal, fear and frequent feeding and drinking. There was no evidence that beak related activity was related to fearfulness.
authors.affiliation: Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Hocking
authors.forename: B O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keer-Keer
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004327:Drinking Behavior; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior