title: Oncogenic mutations in ras create HLA-A2.1 binding peptides but affect their extracellular antigen processing.
abstract: Point mutations in oncogene products such as ras may create neoantigenic determinants recognizable by T lymphocytes as tumor antigens, that could be marshalled to eliminate a tumor by inducing specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) with an appropriate vaccine. Peptide-pulsed dendritic cells are a promising new approach to cancer vaccines. For such an approach to work, the determinant must be appropriately processed to the right size fragment and be presented by an appropriate HLA molecule. We have investigated both of these issues for a series of ras codon 12 and 13 point mutations that contain sequences predicted to bind to HLA-A2.1, the most common class I HLA molecule. We find that not only do the different mutations affect binding to HLA-A2.1, but also they affect extracellular antigen processing in two ways: by influencing the trimming of flanking residues from the longer sequence and by influencing the susceptibility of the optimal decamer to further proteolytic degradation. The influence of internal residues on cleavage of flanking residues downstream demonstrates the importance of distant interactions between separated amino acid side chains and/or conformational effects in determining antigen processing. These results may be important in designing an effective vaccine to induce mutant ras-specific tumor immunity.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892-1578, USA.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Pendleton
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Maher
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Berzofsky
mesh_terms: D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D000939:Epitopes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015789:HLA-A2 Antigen / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D000939:Epitopes; D015789:HLA-A2 Antigen; D010455:Peptides; D018631:ras Proteins