title: Gut lavage IgG and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist:interleukin 1 beta ratio as markers of intestinal inflammation in children with inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Whole gut lavage is currently used as preparation before radiological or endoscopic examination of the large bowel.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To validate the gut lavage technique for the assessment of mucosal inflammation, by measuring intestinal IgG and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) in the fluid obtained.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen children with Crohn's disease (CD), 14 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 22 age matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isotonic, non-absorbable polyethylene glycol based lavage solution was given orally or by nasogastric tube. Clear fluid was collected, filtered, and treated with protease inhibitors. IgG, IL-1 beta and IL-1-receptor antagonist (IL-1-ra) were measured by sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with UC and CD, IgG and IL-1 beta levels were significantly (p < 0.001) higher than in controls. A positive correlation (p < 0.05) was found with disease activity scores. IL-1-ra levels were not significantly different in UC and CD, when compared with controls, but the IL-1-ra:IL-1 beta ratio was significantly (p < 0.01) lower in patients with UC and CD, and negatively (p < 0.001) correlated with IgG levels in lavage fluid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gut lavage fluid IgG and IL-1 beta levels and IL-1-ra:IL-1 beta ratio may provide objective discrimination between active and inactive disease in children with inflammatory bowel disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Troncone
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caputo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campanozzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cucciardi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Vizia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cucchiara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000276:immunology*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis*; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis*; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins