title: Ischemic preconditioning of human myocardium: protein kinase C mediates a permissive role for alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
abstract: The purposes of this study were to determine whether ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in human atrial trabeculae is mediated by alpha 1-adrenoceptors and protein kinase C (PKC) and whether the protection of IPC is replicated with alpha 1-adrenoceptor stimulation [alpha 1-adrenoceptor preconditioning (alpha 1-PC)]. Atrial trabeculae were obtained during coronary bypass surgery. The trabeculae were suspended in organ baths containing Tyrode solution and field stimulated at 1 Hz, and developed force was recorded. The trabeculae underwent 45 min of simulated ischemia (SI) and 120 min of reperfusion (I/R injury). IPC trabeculae received transient SI before I/R injury, alpha 1-Adrenoceptor blockade with BE-2254 and PKC inhibition with chelerythrine were independently combined with IPC before I/R injury. alpha 1-PC before I/R was examined with alpha 1-adrenergic agonist (phenylephrine) pre-treatment. Improved recovery of developed force and higher tissue creatine kinase activity were present in IPC trabeculae, and the protective effect of IPC was eliminated with either alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade or PKC inhibition. alpha 1-PC trabeculae also exhibited enhanced functional recovery after I/R injury but lacked preservation of tissue creatine kinase activity. PKC inhibition eliminated the functional protection of alpha 1-PC. These results suggest that, in human atrial trabeculae, alpha 1-adrenoceptors and PKC mediate, in part, the functional and tissue CK preservation conferred by IPC, but alpha 1-PC does not replicate the protection of IPC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cleveland
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Meldrum
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gamboni-Robertson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Harken
mesh_terms: D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology*; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D003402:Creatine Kinase