Presentation of exogenous protein antigens on major histocompatibility complex class I molecules by dendritic cells: pathway of presentation and regulation by cytokines.
Several recent studies have shown that dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with soluble proteins can present peptide epitopes derived from these exogenous antigens on major histocompatability complex (MHC) class I molecules and induce an antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. We provide evidence here that DC use macropinocytosis to capture soluble antigens that are then presented on MHC class I molecules. The presentation of an epitope derived from soluble ovalbumin was transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP)-dependent, brefeldin A-sensitive, blocked by inhibitors of proteasomes, and resistant to chloroquine. These data suggest that exogenous antigens access the cytosol of DC and are proccessed for presentation via the same pathway described for conventional MHC class I-restricted cytosolic antigens. Proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) reduced the efficiency of ovalbumin presentation via this pathway. This reduced presentation was not due to impaired expression of class I molecules because these substances upregulated the cell surface expression of Kb-molecules comparable to levels induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) treatment. The addition of IFN-gamma increased ovalbumin presentation even in the presence of TNF-alpha or LPS. These results show that DC might be involved in the cross-priming phenomenon. This could offer the immune system an additional pathway for effective priming of cytotoxic T cells and provide the possibility to activate both CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses.
Brossart
P
P
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
Bevan
M J
MJ
D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D000071450:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D017920:Antiporters; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D000071450:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D017920:Antiporters; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C073119:TAP1 protein, human; C486171:Tap1 protein, mouse; C489516:Tap2 protein, mouse; C107762:tapasin; C071692:TAP2 protein, human; D010047:Ovalbumin