The nonfermentable dietary fiber lignin alters putative colon cancer risk factors but does not protect against DMH-induced colon cancer in rats.
The effect of supplementation of the diet with autohydrolyzed lignin on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis was studied using 112 male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats received eight weekly injections of DMH (9.5 mg/kg s.c.) or the saline vehicle solution and then were maintained on a basal AIN-76 fiber-free diet or the basal fiber-free diet plus 5% or 10% (wt/wt) lignin for 24 weeks. Rats were killed 32 weeks after the start of the experiment. Colon tumor incidence, location, and multiplicity were determined. Body weight, caloric intake, fecal dry weight, gut transit time, pH of cecal contents, and total fecal bile acid excretion were measured. Supplementation of the diet with 5% or 10% lignin resulted in increased fecal dry weight and total fecal bile acid excretion and in decreased gut transit time, colon pH, and fecal bile acid concentration. Dietary lignin did not significantly affect colon tumor incidence or multiplicity compared with the fiber-free diet. Thus dietary supplementation with autohydrolyzed lignin, a food fiber with good bulking characteristics, had a significant effect on several factors that have previously been linked to reduction of colon cancer risk, but the consumption of high levels of lignin did not decrease the risk for colon cancer.
Cameron
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Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7762, USA.
Hardman
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Heitman
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DW
D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008031:Lignin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012307:Risk Factors
D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002273:Carcinogens; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D008031:Lignin; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine