S-allylmercaptocysteine, a stable thioallyl compound, induces apoptosis in erythroleukemia cell lines.
The antiproliferative potential of S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC), a stable organosulfur compound of aged garlic extract, has been investigated using two erythroleukemia cell lines, HEL and OCIM-1. It induces a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth with a 50% lethal dose of 0.046 mM for OCIM-1 cells and 0.093 mM for HEL cells. [3H]thymidine incorporation was reduced in cells treated with this thioallyl compound, and analysis of high-molecular-weight DNA showed fragmentation compatible with apoptosis. Flow cytometric analyses of DNA revealed an abnormal cell cycle progression in both types of erythroleukemia cells, with the major portion of the unsynchronized cells in the G2/M phase. Measurement of acid-soluble free sulfhydryl groups showed an initial increase in response to SAMC followed by a progressive dose-dependent decrease with extended incubation of cells. We conclude from these studies that SAMC is an effective antiproliferative agent against erythroleukemia cells that induces cell death by apoptosis.
Sigounas
G
G
Division of Hematology/Oncology, East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
Hooker
J L
JL
Li
W
W
Anagnostou
A
A
Steiner
M
M
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005737:Garlic; D006801:Humans; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism; D014316:Tritium; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
C086300:S-allylmercaptocysteine; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014316:Tritium; D004247:DNA; D003545:Cysteine; D013936:Thymidine