title: Endogenous nitric oxide and low systemic vascular resistance after cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between excessive endogenous production of nitric oxide (NO) and the low systemic vascular resistance (SVR) syndrome after cardiac surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, case-control. Cases defined by low SVR postoperatively (< 750 dyn/s/cm-5), and matched with controls (> 900 dyn/s/cm-5).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiothoracic intensive care unit (ICU) in a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four patients after cardiac surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collection of plasma and urine samples after identification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma and urine nitrate concentrations were measured as an index of endogenous NO production. Hemodynamic, inotropic, and outcome data were collected. Median nitrate concentrations did not differ between cases and controls (plasma, 58 mumol/L, v 62 mumol/L, p = 0.43; urine, 399 mumol/L v 404 mumol/L, p = 0.38). Times to extubation and intensive care unit (ICU) discharge were prolonged in patients with low SVR (17.8 hours v 8.7 hours, p = 0.021; 2.5 days v 1.2 days, p = 0.019, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No association between "low SVR syndrome" and endogenous NO production was found. Patients with low SVR after cardiac surgery required a longer period of inotropic and ventilator support, with delay in discharge from the ICU. The risk and cost implications of this syndrome support further research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Myles
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Currey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014655:Vascular Resistance
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009569:Nitric Oxide