title: Metabolic activation of meta-phenylenediamine by the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
abstract: Promutagens/procarcinogens arylamines are widely distributed in the environment. While it is accepted that these compounds can be metabolized to ultimate mutagens in mammals and higher plants, in aquatic plants they have not yet been explored. Intact wild-type and repair-deficient strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae D7 strain were assayed for their ability to activate meta-phenylenediamine (m-PDA) to an ultimate mutagen. The different responses of the algal wild-type strain and repair-deficient strains to the toxic and mutagenic effects of m-PDA were observed. Recombination repair played an important role in repair of damage induced to C. reinhardtii DNA by this arylamine. The examined isomer of phenylenediamine induced mutations in both algal and yeast cells. m-PDA was activated in the algal cell/microbe coincubation assay in which algal cells were used as an activating system and bacteria Salmonella typhimurium and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the genetic indicator organisms. This new assay is, in addition to the animal microsome metabolizing system and the plant cell/microbe coincubation assay, suitable for the detection of environmental promutagens and their conversion to mutagens mainly in aquatic environments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. vlcek@fns.uniba.sk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vlcek
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miadoková
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vlckova
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Slaninová
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Podstavková
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004260:DNA Repair; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D009154:Mutation; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D010655:Phenylenediamines; C008381:3-phenylenediamine