title: Cellular distribution of the angiogenic factor heparin affin regulatory peptide (HARP) mRNA and protein in the human mammary gland.
abstract: The heparin affin regulatory peptide (HARP) growth factor, also known as pleiotrophin, is a developmentally regulated protein that displays biological functions during cell growth and differentiation. To study the physiological role of this protein, we investigated the cellular distribution of HARP mRNA and protein in the resting human mammary gland. In situ hybridization histochemistry revealed that HARP mRNA was localized in alveolar myoepithelial cells, whereas alveolar epithelial cells were negative. In the stroma, HARP mRNA was localized in endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. Interestingly, HARP protein and mRNA were not always co-localized. HARP protein immunocytochemistry staining was observed in an area including both alveolar myoepithelial and epithelial cells, although epithelial cells do not express HARP transcript. In contrast, the distribution of HARP protein is parallel to that of HARP mRNA in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. In the light of these results, the putative role of HARP in controlling the proliferation and/or differentiation of the different mammary cell types is proposed and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Réparation et la Régénération Tissulaires, Unité CNRS Associée 1813, Université Paris XII, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ledoux
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caruelle
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sabourin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crepin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barritault
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Courty
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D001940:Breast / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000276:immunology; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D000078792:Midkine; D008934:Mitogens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D008934:Mitogens; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; C066845:pleiotrophin; D000078792:Midkine; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor