title: Outcome study of the psychological changes after silicone breast implant removal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this longitudinal study is to determine if there are changes in psychological well-being after breast implant removal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven women underwent breast implant removal and completed a preoperative baseline, early postoperative (4 to 9 months), and late postoperative (> 10 months) Brief Symptom Inventory, a measure of psychological distress.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After breast implant removal the mean Global Severity Scores on the Brief Symptom Inventory of women undergoing implant removal increased over the three time periods, indicating increasing psychological distress. When the group was divided into those who had breast reconstruction after implant removal (implant replacement with saline-filled implants or TRAM flaps) and those who did not have reconstruction, both groups had increasing psychological distress, but the women who had reconstruction had slightly higher scores. Women with a history of psychiatric treatment showed the greatest increase in psychological symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Breast implant removal did not have psychological benefits in this group of women. Breast reconstruction after removal did not appear to be psychologically beneficial to this cohort.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosocial Oncology, H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Fla, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daniels
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D018427:Breast Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012086:Reoperation; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D012828:Silicones; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology*; D013524:Surgical Flaps
chemical_list: D012828:Silicones; D012965:Sodium Chloride