title: Influence of high-intensity focused ultrasound on the development of metastases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The hypothesis that exposure of a solid tumor to high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) could lead to an increase of metastases was investigated in an animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The highly metastatic AT-6 Dunning R3327 rat prostate cancer subline was implanted into the hind limb of Fisher-Copenhagen rats and was exposed to 1 pulse/mm2 tumor (acoustical power 1,000 W/cm2) delivered by an experimental machine (Ablatherm, Technomed, France), or the animals were sham treated, as soon as the tumor had reached a volume of 175-225 mm3. The tumor-bearing leg was amputated 24 h later and the number of metastases examined 12 weeks thereafter at autopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metastases were seen in 3 (23%) of the 13 animals exposed to HIFU and in 4 (25%) of the 16 sham-treated animals; this is not significantly different. There was also no significant difference in weight of the lungs that contained metastases between sham-treated and HIFU-treated animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metastatic spread of animal tumors with a high metastatic potential is not enhanced by HIFU exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Oosterhof
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Cornel
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Debruyne
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Schalken
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000556:secondary*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014465:Ultrasonics