title: Multiple coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae: haemodynamic quantification by intracoronary Doppler ultrasound.
abstract: Multiple coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae involving all three major coronary arteries are extremely rare. Clinical findings are heterogeneous but include a history of typical or atypical angina pectoris in most cases. Coronary arteriography in a 65 year old woman who presented with chest pain at rest revealed multiple fine fistulae arising from the left anterior descending, left circumflex, and right coronary arteries. Left-to-left shunt was estimated by measurements of coronary artery flow velocity with intravascular Doppler ultrasound.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University of Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meissner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lins
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Simon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005402:Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional