title: A selective inverse agonist for central cannabinoid receptor inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase activation stimulated by insulin or insulin-like growth factor 1. Evidence for a new model of receptor/ligand interactions.
abstract: In the present study, we showed that Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with human central cannabinoid receptor (CB1) exhibit high constitutive activity at both levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and adenylyl cyclase. These activities could be blocked by the CB1-selective ligand, SR 141716A, that functions as an inverse agonist. Moreover, binding studies showed that guanine nucleotides decreased the binding of the agonist CP-55,940, an effect usually observed with agonists, whereas it enhanced the binding of SR 141716A, a property of inverse agonists. Unexpectedly, we found that CB1-mediated effects of SR 141716A included inhibition of MAPK activation by pertussis toxin-sensitive receptor-tyrosine kinase such as insulin or insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors but not by pertussis toxin-insensitive receptor-tyrosine kinase such as the fibroblast growth factor receptor. We also observed similar results when cells were stimulated with Mas-7, a mastoparan analog, that directly activates the Gi protein. Furthermore, SR 141716A inhibited guanosine 5'-0-(thiotriphosphate) uptake induced by CP-55,940 or Mas-7 in CHO-CB1 cell membranes. This indicates that, in addition to the inhibition of autoactivated CB1, SR 141716A can deliver a biological signal that blocks the Gi protein and consequently abrogates most of the Gi-mediated responses. By contrast, SR 141716A had no effect on MAPK activation by insulin or IGF1 in CHO cells lacking CB1 receptors, ruling out the possibility of a direct interaction of SR 141716A with the Gi protein. This supports the notion that the Gi protein may act as a negative intracellular signaling cross-talk molecule. From these original results, which considerably enlarge the biological properties of the inverse agonist, we propose a novel model for receptor/ligand interactions.
authors.affiliation: Sanofi, 371 Rue du Pr. Joseph Blayac, 34184 Montpellier Cedex 04, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouaboula
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perrachon
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Milligan
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Canat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rinaldi-Carmona
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Portier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Calandra
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pecceu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lupker
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Maffrand
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Le Fur
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Casellas
mesh_terms: D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077285:Rimonabant; D015398:Signal Transduction; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D002186:Cannabinoids; D003511:Cyclohexanols; D007328:Insulin; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; C054649:3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D000077285:Rimonabant