title: Chromatin insulator elements block the silencing of a target gene by the Drosophila polycomb response element (PRE) but allow trans interactions between PREs on different chromosomes.
abstract: Polycomb response elements (PREs) can establish a silenced state that affects the expression of genes over considerable distances. We have tested the ability of insulator or boundary elements to block the repression of the miniwhite gene by the Ubx PRE. The gypsy element and the scs element interposed between PRE and miniwhite gene protect it against silencing but the scs' is only weakly effective. When the PRE-miniwhite gene construct is insulated from flanking chromosomal sequences by gypsy elements at both ends, it can still establish efficient silencing in some lines but not others. We show that this can be caused by interactions in trans with PREs at other sites. PRE-containing transposons inserted at different sites or even on different chromosomes can interact, resulting in enhanced silencing. These trans interactions are not blocked by the gypsy insulator and reveal the importance of nonhomologous associations between different regions of the genome for both silencing and activation of genes. The similarity between the behavior of PREs and enhancers suggests a model for their long-distance action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sigrist
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pirrotta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005127:Eye Color / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006720:Homozygote; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; C066770:Pc protein, Drosophila; D014157:Transcription Factors; C066177:Ubx protein, Drosophila; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1