title: Effects of chondroitinase ABC and chymopapain on spinal motion segment biomechanics. An in vivo biomechanical, radiologic, and histologic canine study.
abstract: METHODS
  The biomechanical effects of chondroitinase ABC and chymopapain related to spinal segmental instability were investigated using a canine model, as well by as radiologic and histologic analyses.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the biomechanical, radiologic, and histologic affects on the lumber intervertebral disc of chondroitinase ABC compared with chymopapain.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  No study on the biomechanical effects of chondroitinase ABC has been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight lumbar intervertebral discs in eight beagles were randomly assigned to three groups and received one of three materials: chondroitinase ABC, chymopapain, or buffered saline, using a lateral percutaneous procedure. One week after injection, the animals were killed and the lumbar spinal motion segments were removed. Spinal segmental instability after chemonucleolysis was evaluated in spinal motion segments without posterior elements. Radiologic and histologic changes were also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spinal segmental instability and disc space narrowing were more greater in the chymopapain group than in the chondroitinase ABC group. Destruction of nucleus and anulus proteoglycans, indicated by loss of safranin-O staining, was less intense in chondroitinase ABC-injected discs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chondroitinase ABC results in less spinal segmental instability, disc space narrowing, and destruction of proteoglycans in intervertebral disc matrix than chymopapain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shono
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abumi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002808:Chondroitin Lyases / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002917:Chymopapain / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D004867:Equipment Design; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007404:Intervertebral Disc Chemolysis; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D018583:Pliability; D011859:Radiography; D013131:Spine / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D002917:Chymopapain; D002808:Chondroitin Lyases