title: Differential regulation of biosynthesis of cell surface and secreted TNF-alpha in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages.
abstract: Activated macrophages synthesize a 26-kDa cell surface form and a 17-kDa secreted form of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). This study was designed to investigate possible differences between the biosynthesis of these two forms by murine peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) and a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both PEC and RAW 264.7 cells produced surface and secreted TNF-alpha in response to LPS in a dose-dependent manner. However, much lower concentrations of LPS (100 ng/mL) were needed for optimal expression of surface TNF-alpha than for secreted TNF-alpha (1 microgram/mL). Furthermore, concentrations of actinomycin D that inhibit the synthesis of new mRNA and the production of secreted TNF-alpha did not block the expression of surface TNF-alpha on LPS-stimulated cells. Cycloheximide inhibited the production of both forms of TNF-alpha at similar concentrations. The effects, on the expression of the surface form of TNF-alpha, of various pharmacological agents known to inhibit the production of secreted TNF-alpha were studied. It was found that: (1) dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid agonist and (2) ETI and ETYA, inhibitors of lipoxygenase, had no effect on cell surface TNF-alpha at concentrations that inhibited secreted TNF-alpha. The data show that there are differences in the production of surface and secreted TNF-alpha and indicate that the regulation of synthesis of this protein is more complex than that suggested by a mere precursor/product relationship between the two forms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chaudhri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012995:Solubility; D013499:Surface Properties; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003609:Dactinomycin; D003907:Dexamethasone; D003513:Cycloheximide