title: The protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 negatively regulates ciliary neurotrophic factor induction of gene expression.
abstract: Ciliary neurotrophic factor, along with other neuropoietic cytokines, signals through the shared receptor subunit gp130 [1-3], leading to the tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of substrates [4,5], including the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT3 and the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 [6,7] [8]. SHP-2 (also known as PTP1D, SHPTP2, Syp and PTP2C) is a positive regulatory molecule required for the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and the stimulation of gene expression in response to epidermal growth factor, insulin and platelet-derived growth factor stimulation [9-11]. We have previously shown that cytokines that signal via the gp130 receptor subunit activate transcription of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene through a 180 bp cytokine response element (CyRE) [12,13]. To characterize the role of SHP-2 in the regulation of gp130-stimulated gene expression, we examined the regulation of the VIP CyRE in two systems that prevented ligand-dependent SHP-2 phosphorylation. Inhibition of SHP-2, either by mutating the tyrosine residue in gp130 that mediates the SHP-2 interaction, or by expression of dominant-negative SHP-2, resulted in dramatic increases in gp130-dependent gene expression, through the VIP CyRE and more specifically through multimerized STAT-binding sites. These data suggest that SHP-2 has a negative role in gp130 signaling by modulating STAT-mediated transcriptional activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. Symes@bob.usuf2.usuhs.mil
authors.forename: Aviva
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Symes
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stahl
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Farruggella
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Servidei
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gearan
authors.forename: George D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Yancopoulos
authors.forename: J Stephen
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fink
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D050822:Cytokine Receptor gp130; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; D050822:Cytokine Receptor gp130; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases