title: Alveolar bone height of primary and first permanent molars in healthy seven- to nine-year-old children.
abstract: The purpose of the study was to establish baseline values of the alveolar bone height of the primary molars and first permanent molars in sample of healthy U.S. seven- to nine-year-old children. Direct measurements of the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar crest (AC) on 223 pairs of bitewing radiographs from 223 subjects were made using a digimatic caliper under standardized conditions. The distance from the CEJ to the AC had medians from 0.58 mm to 1.39 mm (range 0.0 to 4.44 mm) for the primary molars and from 0.00 mm to 0.64 mm (range -1.35 to 2.15 mm) for the mesial aspect of the permanent molars. There were no statistically significant differences in the distance from CEJ to AC between teeth on the right and left sides of the mouth. The distances from CEJ to AC were always greater in the maxilla than in the mandible for similar primary molar sites, but only true for the mesial aspect of the permanent first molar at age nine. As a tooth is positioned more anteriorly in the mouth, the distance from CEJ to AC was greater. On the whole, males had greater distances than females and eight-year-olds had larger distances than seven- or nine-year-olds. Differences were observed in the measured distances for the different age and sex-groups and may be attributable to variations in eruption and exfoliation patterns. The distance was significantly greater in areas of interproximal restorations and open contacts, and there was a tendency for the distances to be greater in areas of interproximal caries.
authors.affiliation: Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Needleman
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Allred
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Seow
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D019229:Dentition, Permanent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015588:Observer Variation; D011379:Prognosis; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous