Efficacy of monotherapy with benazepril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, in dogs with naturally acquired chronic mitral insufficiency.
Benazepril (BP), an angiotensin convertive enzyme inhibitor, was administered orally once daily for 4 weeks to 31 dogs with mild to moderate (NYHA functional classes II and III) congestive heart failure caused from mitral insufficiency (MI). There were no significant changes in clinical signs, electrocardiogram findings, radiographical observations and plasma biochemical results in 11 dogs treated with placebo for 4 weeks. In 31 dogs treated with BP, appetite increased, and mean scores of heart failure signs, such as activity, exercise tolerance, cough and respiratory effort, were significantly improved. No dog displays signs suggesting systemic hypotension. One dog died suddenly on the 26th day of treatment with BP. This dog had good vigor and appetite till the evening before the death, and cough and exercise tolerance had been gradually improving. The heart rate and ECG parameters of BP treated dogs did not change significantly, but length of long axis of the heart decreased. In plasma biochemical tests, plasma urea nitrogen (UN) levels did not change significantly, and plasma creatinine (CRE) levels increased slightly within the normal ranges during BP trial. Two dogs had higher plasma UN levels with slightly higher plasma CRE levels, but had normal general condition and other biochemical results. Plasma ACE activity decreased to 57.3% of pre-treatment level at 4 weeks after BP treatment. It is concluded that BP monotherapy was efficacious at least in dogs with relatively low grade congestive heart failure caused by MI.
Kitagawa
H
H
Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University, Japan.
Wakamiya
H
H
Kitoh
K
K
Kuwahara
Y
Y
Ohba
Y
Y
Isaji
M
M
Iwasaki
T
T
Nakano
M
M
Sasaki
Y
Y
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases; D004285:Dogs; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D011859:Radiography; D012119:Respiration
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001552:Benzazepines; C044946:benazepril