title: Conversion of nitroxide radicals by phenolic and thiol antioxidants.
abstract: Nitrone/nitroso spin traps are often used for detection of unstable hydroxyl radical giving stable nitroxide radicals with characteristic electron spin resonance (ESR) signals. This technique may be useful only when the nitroxide radicals are kept stable in the reaction system. The aim of the present study is to clarify whether the nitroxide radicals are kept stable in the presence of the hydroxyl radical scavengers. Effect of hydroxyl radical scavengers on the ESR signals of nitroxide radicals, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine- N-oxyl (TEMPO) and the spin adduct (DMPO-OH) of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) and hydroxyl radical, was examined. Although the ESR signals of TEMPO and the DMPO-OH spin adduct were unchanged on treatment with ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide, their intensities were effectively decreased on treatment with 6-hydroxy-2,5,7, 8-tetra-methylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), cysteine, glutathione, 2-mercaptoethanol and metallothionein. Hence, the results of the detection of hydroxyl radical in the presence of phenolic and thiol antioxidants by the ESR technique using nitrone/nitroso spin traps may be unreliable.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiramoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ojima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikugawa
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002839:Chromans / Q000737:chemistry; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000737:chemistry; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D008623:Mercaptoethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002839:Chromans; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D010636:Phenols; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D000431:Ethanol; D008623:Mercaptoethanol; C017245:5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide; D008668:Metallothionein; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine; C010643:6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid; C003959:TEMPO; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide