title: Livedo reticularis, rhabdomyolysis, massive intestinal infarction, and death after carbon dioxide arteriography.
abstract: In patients with renal insufficiency or hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast material, carbon dioxide gas (CO2) is generally considered a safe alternative contrast media for digital subtraction angiography. However, we herein report a previously undescribed fatal complication of CO2 angiography in a patient with acute renal dysfunction and congestive heart failure. The possible pathogenetic mechanisms of this complication are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Westchester County Medical Center, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Rundback
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rozenblit
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Poplausky
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007238:Infarction / Q000209:etiology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000209:etiology*; D017445:Skin Diseases, Vascular / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D002245:Carbon Dioxide