title: Nonpeptide glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors: 14: oral antithrombotic efficacy of L-738,167 in a conscious canine model of coronary artery electrolytic injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A conscious dog model of left circumflex coronary artery electrolytic injury was used to assess the oral antithrombotic efficacy of L-738,167, a potent nonpeptide antagonist of platelet GP IIb/IIIa. L-738,167 was administered either as a single oral pretreatment dose 2 hours before initiation of vessel injury or as two oral doses administered 24 hours apart, 12 hours before and after initiation of vessel injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In untreated controls, electrolytic coronary injury (50 microA, 3 hours) resulted in thrombotic occlusion and myocardial ischemia in 15 of 16 dogs, with 4 developing lethal arrhythmias. Significant reductions in thrombus mass and complete prevention of myocardial ischemia and infarction were achieved with a single 100- to 300-microg/kg dose of L-738,167 pretreatment and with two 100-microg/kg doses administered 12 hours before and after initiation of vessel injury. Delays and/or reductions in incidence of ischemia, thrombus mass, and infarct sizes also were achieved with 10- to 30-microg/kg pretreatment and with two 30-microg/kg doses administered 12 hours before and after initiation of vessel injury. None of the L-738,167-treated animals developed lethal arrhythmias. A single oral 100-microg/kg dose of L-738,167 achieved >90% inhibitions of ADP (extent)- and collagen (rate)-induced ex vivo platelet aggregation and fivefold to sixfold or greater elevations in bleeding time; a single oral 30-microg/kg dose of L-738,167 achieved sustained 40% to 70% inhibitions of ADP- and collagen-induced ex vivo platelet aggregation and modest twofold to threefold elevations in bleeding time. At 12 to 24 hours after single oral 30- and 100-microg/kg doses of L-738,167, a substantially greater L-738,167 concentration was associated with platelets than free in plasma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings are indicative of potent and sustained oral antithrombotic efficacy and suggest that L-738,167 possesses potential for the oral management of chronic thrombotic occlusive disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Sitko
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Holahan
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Stupienski
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Stump
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Hand
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Askew
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Hartman
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lynch
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001381:Azepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001760:Bleeding Time; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood*; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D004285:Dogs; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001381:Azepines; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; C105929:L 738167; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D013449:Sulfonamides