title: Modulation of glutamine synthesis in cultured astrocytes by nitric oxide.
abstract: 1. Previous results suggest that glutamine synthesis in brain could be modulated by nitric oxide. The aim of this work was to assess this possibility. 2. As glutamine synthetase in brain is located mainly in astrocytes, we used primary cultures of astrocytes to assess the effects of increasing or decreasing nitric oxide levels on glutamine synthesis in intact astrocytes. 3. Nitric oxide levels were decreased by adding nitroarginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. To increase nitric oxide we used S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, a nitric oxide generating agent. 4. It is shown that S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine decreases glutamine synthesis in intact astrocytes by approximately 40-50%. Nitroarginine increases glutamine synthesis slightly in intact astrocytes. 5. These results indicate that brain glutamine synthesis may be modulated in vivo by nitric oxide.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Citológicas de la Fundación Valenciana de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Miñana
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kosenko
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marcaida
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hermenegildo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Montoliu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grisolía
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Felipo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019335:Nitroarginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010396:Penicillamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D005973:Glutamine; D019335:Nitroarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; D010396:Penicillamine