title: Cholestyramine influences meal-stimulated pancreaticobiliary function and plasma cholecystokinin independent of gastric emptying and food digestion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholestyramine enhances gallbladder emptying and plasma cholecystokinin responses to oral ingestion of a mixed meal. It is not known whether this effect occurs independently of alterations in gastric emptying or maldigestion of nutrients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We perfused 15 g of an amino acid meal intraduodenally for 60 min in seven healthy volunteers, once with and once without cholestyramine. Intraduodenal perfusion of saline with or without cholestyramine (6 g/h) was started 60 min before the amino acid meal and continued for 2 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cholestyramine markedly enhanced the incremental plasma cholecystokinin response to the meal from 36 +/- 12 to 139 +/- 25 pmol/l x 60 min (P < 0.005), incremental amylase output from 2.4 +/- 0.7 to 5.7 +/- 0.7 kU/h (P < 0.05), and incremental integrated gallbladder contraction from 1948 +/- 235 to 2840 +/- 189% x 60 min (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The enhancing effect of cholestyramine on postprandial gallbladder contraction, pancreatic enzyme secretion, and plasma cholecystokinin release is not dependent on gastric emptying rates or appropriate digestion of nutrients.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Thimister
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Hopman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loualidi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosenbusch
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Willems
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Trijbels
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000681:Amylases / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D002792:Cholestyramine Resin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D016473:Gallbladder Emptying / Q000187:drug effects; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010191:Pancreatic Polypeptide / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012016:Reference Values; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D002792:Cholestyramine Resin; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D010191:Pancreatic Polypeptide; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D000681:Amylases