title: High-dose epirubicin in locally advanced operable noninflammatory breast cancer: a feasibility trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anthracyclines are among the most active agents for the treatment of patients with locally advanced breast cancer. The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility and activity of a relatively high-dose regimen with 4-epirubicin plus normal doses of cyclophosphamide over a short period of time without the use of hematologic growth factors as adjuvant in resected locally advanced breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1990 and June 1992, 43 consecutive patients, premenopausal or postmenopausal < 60 yrs, were surgically resected and then treated with epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide for at least 4 cycles (maximum 6). Electron beam (6-10 MeV energy) radiotherapy was delivered on the chest wall in patients with pathological skin infiltration (pT4b).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median age was 46 years (range, 27-59); 37 were premenopausal and 6 postmenopausal. The total number of administered cycles was 202 (6 in 15 patients and 4 in 28 patients); 195/202 (96.5%) were administered at full dose, and 7 (3.5%) were reduced to 75% of the planned dosage. The three-year disease-free survival was 67% for stage IIIa and 61% for stage IIIb patients. The three-year overall survival was 88% and 79%, respectively. Local relapse only was reported in one patient (2%), distant relapse in 11 patients (25%), and local and distant relapse in four patients (9%). Toxicity was acceptable and mainly hematologic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our trial showed that the regimen is feasible without the use of hematologic growth factors. In this era of cost containment, the use of this short-term, high-dose induction course instead of repetitive courses of conventional dose regimens merits further evaluation, possibly in a large randomized trial.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crivellari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buonadonna
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bidoli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Candiani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Massarut
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roncadin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galligioni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D015251:Epirubicin