title: Effect of blood substitute, recombinant hemoglobin, on in vivo hematopoietic recovery from AZT toxicity.
abstract: We determined the in vivo ability of infused human recombinant hemoglobin 1.1 (hr-Hb) and erythropoietin to rescue the hematopoietic activity from the suppressive effects of AZT in normal and in a murine model of AIDS (MAIDS) mice. Mice were fed with AZT for 8 weeks with or without treatment in the last 4 weeks by administering various concentrations of hr-Hb and/or erythropoietin (Epo). Blood parameters, body weight (BW) and erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) for all mice were determined. AZT-treated normal and MAIDS mice showed a significant decrease in hematocrit (64 and 78.1%), hemoglobin (27.2 and 45.5%), BW (17.5 and 35.5%), number of white (66.9 and 42.1%) and red blood cells (65.5 and 38%), and the number of BFU-E (73 and 59%), whereas the AZT-treated normal and MAIDS mice that received hr-Hb (5 mg/kg BW/day) and/or Epo (2 U/mouse/day) showed significant alleviation of AZT cytotoxicity. This was evident by the recovery in all blood indices examined, the number of BFU-E and the BW of mice treated. BFU-E recovery in MAIDS (97%) was greater than that in normal mice (63%) as compared to their controls. hr-Hb produced a similar response as the combination, however recovery was slightly better with the latter in some hematological parameters. Higher concentrations of hr-Hb (10-15 mg) did not result in a more significant increase in most blood indices. Our results indicate that infusion with hr-Hb can alleviate AZT toxicity in normal and in immunodeficient mice, and that hr-Hb may be clinically useful in preventing severe bone marrow depression brought about by various drugs or agents such as AZT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, Sultan Qaboos University College of Medicine, Muscat, Oman. MEN0955@SQU.EDU
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moqattash
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lutton
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Abu-Hijleh
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Abraham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002100:Cachexia / Q000139:chemically induced; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015672:Erythroid Precursor Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D016183:Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D001802:Blood Substitutes; D006454:Hemoglobins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; D015215:Zidovudine