title: Comparison of a new anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with radioimmunoassay methods: a multicenter study.
abstract: Several methods are available for the measurement of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti GAD). These antibodies are valuable tools for the immunodiagnosis of insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and for the assessment of risk for the future development of IDDM. We here describe a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of anti-GAD which was tested in a multicenter study. The results of the new anti-GAD ELISA correlate well with those obtained by radioimmunoassays (RIA) and they have a higher sensitivity (69%) and specificity (98%) compared to other anti-GAD enzyme immunoassays as determined in the IDW Proficiency Test Program for the detection of GAD antibodies. The new ELISA is simple and easy to perform, with convenient handling of the reagents. Quantitative and reproducible test results are available within approximately four hours. The new anti-GAD ELISA can be used for large scale population screening to indicate a prediabetic state as well as to diagnose autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and the risk for IDDM in pregnant women with gestational diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, Tutzing/Mannheim, Germany. Thomas_Wild@bmg.boehringer-mannheim.com
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Scherbaum
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gleichmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Endl
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Landgraf
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ganz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pozzilli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase