title: Airborne hexavalent chromium in southwestern Ontario.
abstract: This study reports the first field measurements of airborne hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) in southwestern Ontario. Hexavalent chromium was identified as an inhalation carcinogen and an air toxic of concern during the 1991-93 Windsor Air Quality Study. The results of that study indicated that approximately 20% of the routinely monitored ambient airborne chromium (Cr) was in the hexavalent form. In addition, the range of carcinogenic health risks attributable to airborne Cr(vi) was determined to be between 1.4 x 10(-5) and 3.0 x 10(-4) for people living in the Windsor area. During the summer of 1993, analyses of concurrent indoor and outdoor 24-hour air quality samples taken at 33 residences in Hamilton resulted in geometric mean Cr(vi) concentrations of 0.20 ng/m3 and 0.55 ng/m3, respectively, and little or no relationship between the indoor and outdoor sample sets. During the summer of 1994, an airborne Cr(vi) size-fraction study was conducted in Hamilton, the results of which suggested that the majority of the Cr(vi) was in the inhalable fraction.
authors.affiliation: Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Science and Technology Branch, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hipfner
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000032:analysis*; D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D009864:Ontario; D011634:Public Health
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D002857:Chromium