title: Cloning and characterization of two human polyspecific organic cation transporters.
abstract: Previously we cloned a polyspecific transporter from rat (rOCT1) that is expressed in renal proximal tubules and hepatocytes and mediates electrogenic uptake of organic cations with different molecular structures. Recently a homologous transporter from rat kidney (rOCT2) was cloned but not characterized in detail. We report cloning and characterization of two homologous transporters from man (hOCT1 and hOCT2) displaying approximately 80% amino acid identity to rOCT1 and rOCT2, respectively. Northern blots showed that hOCT1 is mainly transcribed in liver, while hOCT2 is found in kidney. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, expression of hOCT2 was mainly detected in the distal tubule where the transporter is localized at the luminal membrane. After expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes, hOCT1 and hOCT2 mediate tracer influx of N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), tetraethylammonium (TEA), and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP). For cation transport by hOCT2 apparent K(m) and K(i) values were determined in tracer flux measurements. In addition, electrical measurements were performed with voltage-clamped oocytes. Similar to rOCT1, cation transport by hOCT2 was pH independent, electrogenic, and polyspecific; however, the cation specificity was different. In voltage-clamped hOCT2-expressing oocytes, inward currents were induced by superfusion with MPP, TEA, choline, quinine, d-tubocurarine, pancuronium, and cyanine863. Cation transport in distal tubules is indicated for the first time. Here hOCT2 mediates the first step in cation reabsorption. hOCT1 may participate in hepatic excretion of organic cations.
authors.affiliation: Anatomisches Institut der Bayerischen Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gorboulev
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ulzheimer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akhoundova
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ulzheimer-Teuber
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Karbach
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quester
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koepsell
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002412:Cations / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D006801:Humans; D017136:Ion Transport; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000737:chemistry; D007686:Kidney Tubules, Distal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009865:Oocytes; D009928:Organ Specificity; D027701:Organic Cation Transport Proteins; D027702:Organic Cation Transporter 1; D000075102:Organic Cation Transporter 2; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002412:Cations; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D027701:Organic Cation Transport Proteins; D027702:Organic Cation Transporter 1; D000075102:Organic Cation Transporter 2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C491013:SLC22A2 protein, human