[Comparative in vitro activity of cefepime: multicenter study in Aquitaine].
Over a 6 month-period (1st January to 30th June 1995), the results of antibiotic susceptibility testing routinely performed for beta-lactams against enterobacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter in 7 laboratory hospitals of Aquitaine, have been collected and divided in susceptibility profiles. A total of 9269 strains (7323 enterobacteria, 1667 P. aeruginosa, 279 Acinetobacter) have been examined. On the whole, cefepime (91,5%) and ceftazidime (91,7%) were the most active cephalosporins, followed by cefpirome (87,9%) and cefotaxime (80,4%); imipenem was the most active beta-lactam agent (97,4%). When the strains were divided according to their susceptibility profiles, the advantage of cefepime was shown to be related to its excellent activity against enterobacteria: all strains susceptible to cefotaxime and ceftazidime (CTX/CAZ-S) were susceptible to cefepime, as were most of the strains with an intermediate susceptibility or resistant to these drugs (CTX/CAZ-I/R, approximately 5% of the enterobacteria). The latter strains exhibited a phenotype corresponding either to the overproduction of their chromosomal cephalosporinase (approximately 20% of the species belonging to group 3) or to the synthesis of an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (19% of the strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae). Cefepime was active against 93% of the derepressed mutants of enterobacteria, including 3 imipenem resistant isolates of Enterobacter. CAZ-S strains of P. aeruginosa (84%) were usually susceptible to cefepime (80%), as were 6% of the CAZ-I/R strains. CAZ-S strains of A. baumannii (16.3%) were generally susceptible to cefepime (83%), as were 3.2% of the CAZ-I/R strains.
Quentin
C
C
Laboratoire de Microbiologie, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Bordeaux 2, France.
Tessier
F
F
Abinasr
A
A
Bebear
C
C
Bezian
M C
MC
el Harrif
Z
Z
Melon
M
M
Rougier
C
C
Texier-Maugein
J
J
D000150:Acinetobacter / Q000187:drug effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077723:Cefepime; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects; D005602:France; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010641:Phenotype; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D012703:Serotyping
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D000077723:Cefepime