title: Topical 0.5% ketorolac vs 0.03% flurbiprofen for inhibition of miosis during cataract surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of topical 0.5% ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution (Acular, Allergen Pharmaceuticals, Irvine, Calif) with topical 0.03% flurbiprofen sodium ophthalmic solution (Ocufen, Allergen Pharmaceuticals) on the inhibition of surgically induced miosis during phacoemulsification cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred eighteen patients were prospectively randomized to receive 0.5% topical ketorolac or 0.03% topical flurbiprofen at 3 preoperative intervals. The flurbiprofen-treated group served as the control group. The surgeon was masked as to patient selection. Horizontal pupillary diameter measurements were obtained at the start of surgery, just before phacoemulsification, before lens implantation, and after lens implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean horizontal pupillary diameter measurements for both medications were similar at the start of surgery. However, a consistent trend of larger pupillary diameter was seen in all subsequent surgical intervals in the ketorolac-treated group. Changes from baseline measurements also indicated a more significant inhibition of miosis at all subsequent intervals, and a more stable mydriasis throughout the procedure in the ketorolac-treated group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topical ketorolac is an effective inhibitor of miosis during phacoemulsification cataract surgery, and provides a more stable mydriatic effect throughout the surgical procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA.
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Turkalj
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Whiteside
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Apple
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005480:Flurbiprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015877:Miosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects; D014046:Tolmetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014325:Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D014325:Tromethamine; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D005480:Flurbiprofen; D014046:Tolmetin