title: Evidence for the involvement of catecholamines in the 2-DG-induced immunomodulatory effects in spleen.
abstract: The role of catecholamines in immune changes associated with the metabolic stress of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) was examined in this study. Male Lewis rats were pretreated with the nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist nadolol (0-0.5 mg/kg) and then received either a saline or 2-DG (500 mg/kg) injection. Nadolol attenuated the 2-DG-induced suppression of splenic T-cell mitogenic response and interferon-gamma production and increased nitric oxide production by macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Conversely, nadolol did not attenuate the 2-DG-induced changes in immune parameters in peripheral blood leukocytes. These results suggest that the peripheral release of catecholamines is responsible for 2-DG-induced splenic immune alterations, whereas the peripheral release of catecholamine is not responsible for 2-DG-induced blood immune alterations. Furthermore, the neuroendocrine mechanisms responsible for splenic immune changes induced by the metabolic stress of 2-DG administration were the same as those involved in immune changes induced by physical and psychological stress. Thus, this study suggests that common neuroendocrine pathways exist for several types of stress-induced immunomodulations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kojic
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cunnick
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000502:physiology*; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D009248:Nadolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000963:Antimetabolites; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002395:Catecholamines; D008934:Mitogens; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009248:Nadolol; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D003847:Deoxyglucose; D003345:Corticosterone