Association of mutations in grlA and gyrA topoisomerase genes with resistance to ciprofloxacin in epidemic and sporadic isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
The types of topoisomerase alterations in genomically diverse epidemic and sporadic strains of methicillin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from European hospitals between 1984 and 1994 were characterized. Convergent dual mutations in gyrA (codon 83, 84, or 88) and grlA (codon 79 and/or 80) were found in all strains exhibiting high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin (MIC, 16 to > or = 128 microg/ml). In some epidemic strains, the resistant phenotype and genotype appeared in the 1990s and persisted thereafter.
Deplano
A
A
Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.
Zekhnini
A
A
Allali
N
N
Couturier
M
M
Struelens
M J
MJ
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027081:DNA Gyrase; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / Q000235:genetics*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009154:Mutation; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV; D027081:DNA Gyrase; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II