title: Pharmacokinetic interaction between itraconazole and ceftriaxone in Yucatan miniature pigs.
abstract: Since ceftriaxone and itraconazole are highly protein bound, are excreted via a biliary pathway, and are in vitro modulators of the efflux pump P glycoprotein, a pharmacokinetic interaction between these antimicrobial agents can be hypothesized. Therefore, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of itraconazole and ceftriaxone alone and in combination in a chronic model of catheterized miniature pigs. Itraconazole does not influence ceftriaxone kinetic behavior. The mean areas under the concentration-time curve (AUC) were 152.2 microg x h/ml (standard deviation [SD], 22.5) and 129.2 microg x h/ml (SD, 41.2) and the terminal half-lives were 1.1 h (SD, 0.3) and 0.9 h (SD, 0.2) when ceftriaxone was given alone and combined with itraconazole, respectively. Regarding itraconazole kinetics, ceftriaxone was shown to alter the disposition of the triazole. Contrary to what was expected, the AUC (from 0 to 8 h) decreased from 139.3 ng h/ml with itraconazole alone to 122.7 ng h/ml with itraconazole and ceftriaxone combined in pig 1, from 398.5 to 315.7 ng x h/ml in pig 2, and from 979.6 to 716.6 ng x h/ml in pig 3 (P of <0.01 by analysis of variance).
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Pharmacocinétique de l'Institut de Bactériologie, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavalier
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levêque
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Peter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salmon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elkhaïli
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Salmon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nobelis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geisert
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Monteil
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jehl
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D017964:Itraconazole; D002443:Ceftriaxone