title: In vitro inactivation of herpes simplex virus by a biological response modifier, PSK.
abstract: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes herpes genitalis, primary gingivostomatitis and recurrent herpes labialis. In order to elucidate in vivo mechanisms by which PSK, a biological response modifier, exerts a protective effect against HSV infection, we used an in vitro system to study whether PSK inactivated infectivity of HSV-type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-type 2 (HSV-2) isolated from patients with herpes genitalis in addition to a laboratory-cultured strain of HSV type 1 (HSV-1-GC+). It was found that HSV-1-GC+ was inactivated by PSK in a dose dependent fashion of concentrations of PSK and virus titers. Concentrations of PSK as low as 0.31 mg/ml was shown to inactivate the infectivity of HSV-1-GC+. Inactivation required at least 30 min of incubation at 37 degrees C with maximal inactivation observed at 60 min incubation time. Similar to HSV-1-GC+, clinically isolated strains of HSV-2 were inactivated by PSK although clinically isolated strains of HSV-1 were resistant to PSK, compared with HSV-2. It was also shown that PSK-treated HSV retained the ability to adsorb to the cell membrane, but did not synthesize viral protein(s). These data illustrate that there is a biological difference in the sensitivity to PSK between HSV type 1 and type 2, and also suggest that PSK could inactivate HSV in lesions at peripheral sites of recurrent herpes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tohoku University School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Monma
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawana
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005260:Female; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000821:virology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014709:Vero Cells; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D011509:Proteoglycans; C010770:polysaccharide-K