title: Characterization of proviral DNA from an individual with long-term, nonprogressive infection with HIV-1 and nonrecoverable virus.
abstract: A small proportion of individuals infected with HIV-1 known as long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) remain healthy and immunologically normal, with stable numbers of CD4+ lymphocytes, for prolonged periods without the administration of antiretroviral agents. The long terminal repeat (LTR) of HTV-1 proviral DNA of an LTNP from whom virus was consistently not recoverable has now been isolated by a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and shown to contain a total of 38 point mutations, only four of which affect promoter and enhancer elements, compared with the IIIB strain of HIV-1. Almost the entire HIV-1 proviral DNA was then isolated from the proband by a long PCR approach. Restriction enzyme digestion of the proviral DNA revealed no large deletions in the gag, pol, or env genes, although the loss of an Nco I site was apparent. Amplification of the env gene by long PCR also yielded a product apparently identical in size to that obtained with HIV-1 strain IIIB. Analysis by long PCR of HIV-1 proviral DNA from LTNPs with nonrecoverable virus may clarify the mechanism of long-term nonprogression and contribute to the development of HIV-1 vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Obaru
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morikita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takatsuki
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000821:virology*; D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral