title: Performance on tests sensitive to impaired executive ability in schizophrenia, mania and well controls: acute and subacute phases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the performance of schizophrenia, mania and well control groups on tests sensitive to impaired executive ability, and to assess the within-group stability of these measures across the acute and subacute phases of psychoses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recently admitted patients with schizophrenia (n = 36), mania (n = 18) and a well control group (n = 20) were assessed on two occasions separated by 4 weeks. Tests included: the Controlled Oral Word Association Test, the Stroop Test, the Wisconsin Card Sort Test, and the Trail Making Test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two patient groups were significantly impaired on the Stroop Test at both time points compared to the control group. Significant group differences were also found for the Trail Making Test at Time 1 and for the Wisconsin Card Sort Test at Time 2. When controlled for practice effect, significant improvements over time were found on the Stroop and Trail Making tests in schizophrenia group and on WCST Categories Achieved in the mania group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to controls, the patient groups were impaired on measures related to executive ability. The pattern of improvement on test scores between the acute and subacute phases differed between patients with schizophrenia versus patients with mania.
authors.affiliation: Queensland Centre for Schizophrenia Research, Wolston Park Hospital, Australia. jjm@brain.wph.uq.edu.au
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scheldt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Welham
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clair
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011930:Reaction Time; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology