title: Penile trauma: an etiologic factor in Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been postulated that trauma to either the partially or fully erect penis is a potential cause of Peyronie's disease. In addition, it has been proposed that engaging in sexual relations with a partial erection due to mild impotence is a risk factor for the development of Peyronie's disease. This study was performed to determine whether patients with either Peyronie's disease or non-Peyronie's disease impotence had an increased rate of penile trauma compared with potent controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  We mailed surveys to 207 men who had been seen for management of Peyronie's disease, 250 impotent men without Peyronie's disease, and 275 age-matched urologic patients without a history of either impotence or Peyronie's disease. The survey inquired whether the individual had a history of penile trauma to the flaccid or erect phallus or injury during sexual intercourse. In addition, patients were questioned whether they had been engaging in sexual relations with a partial erection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the impotent patients was slightly less than both the Peyronie's disease patients and controls. A similar response rate to the survey was found among the 3 groups. The mean duration of illness was 6 years for Peyronie's disease and 10 years for impotence. The frequency of penile trauma of any kind was significantly greater in both the Peyronie's disease (40%) and impotence (37%) patients than in the controls (11%). There was no significant difference between the Peyronie's disease and impotence groups. However, the Peyronie's disease patients had a lower frequency of attempting sexual relations with a partial erection than the 2 other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this survey demonstrate a significantly higher incidence of penile trauma in both impotent patients and patients with Peyronie's disease compared with controls. This study demonstrates an association between penile trauma and both Peyronie's disease and impotence. The reduced incidence of engaging in sexual relations with a partial erection among the Peyronie's disease patients implies that partial impotence is not a predisposing factor for Peyronie's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jarow
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Lowe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010411:Penile Induration / Q000209:etiology*; D010413:Penis / Q000293:injuries*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires