title: Ca2+-mediated GTP-dependent dynamic assembly of bacterial cell division protein FtsZ into asters and polymer networks in vitro.
abstract: FtsZ, a tubulin-like GTPase that forms a dynamic ring marking the division plane of prokaryotic cells, is essential for cytokinesis. It is not known what triggers FtsZ ring assembly. In this work, we use a FtsZ-green fluorescent protein (Gfp) chimera to assay FtsZ assembly over time by using fluorescence microscopy. We show that FtsZ polymers can assemble dynamically in solution in a GTP-dependent manner. Initially, FtsZ nucleation centers grow into aster-like structures that dramatically resemble microtubule organizing centers. As assembly proceeds further, protofilament bundles emanating from different asters interconnect, mimicking the closure of the FtsZ ring in vivo. Surprisingly, millimolar levels of Ca2+ promote FtsZ dynamic assembly. FtsZ can undergo repeated GTP-dependent assembly and disassembly in solution by sequential addition and removal of Ca2+. In addition, GTP binding and hydrolysis by FtsZ are regulated by Ca2+ concentration. Although the concentration of Ca2+ required for FtsZ assembly in vitro is high, its clear and specific effect on FtsZ dynamics suggests the possibility that Ca2+ may have a role in regulating FtsZ ring assembly in the cell.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Medical School, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: X C
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Margolin
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002413:Cations, Divalent / Q000378:metabolism; D002474:Cell-Free System; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C071525:FtsZ protein, Bacteria; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D002118:Calcium