title: Alternatively spliced IS6 segments of the alpha 1C gene determine the tissue-specific dihydropyridine sensitivity of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle L-type Ca2+ channels.
abstract: Dihydropyridines (DHPs) block the vascular smooth muscle L-type Ca2+ channel at lower concentrations than the cardiac Ca2+ channel, although their alpha 1 subunit, which binds the DHPs, is derived from the same gene. This alpha 1C gene gives rise to several splice variants, among which the alpha 1C-b variant is affected by lower concentrations of nisoldipine than the alpha 1C-a variant. Functional expression of chimeras of alpha 1C-a and alpha 1C-b subunits demonstrated that the transmembrane segment IS6 is responsible for the different dihydropyridine sensitivity. Northern blot analysis showed that transcripts coding for the IS6 segment of the alpha 1C-a subunit were expressed in heart but not in aorta, whereas the IS6 segment of the alpha 1C-b subunit was expressed predominantly in vascular smooth muscle. In situ hybridization of rat heart sections confirmed this expression pattern of IS6 alpha 1C-a and IS6 alpha 1C-b in ventricular and smooth muscle myocytes, respectively. These results suggest that the different dihydropyridine sensitivities of cardiac and vascular L-type Ca2+ channels are caused at least partially by the tissue-specific expression of alternatively spliced IS6 segments of the alpha 1C gene.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Technischen Universität München, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Welling
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Klugbauer
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Flockerzi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hofmann
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D002678:Chimera; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015737:Nisoldipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D004095:Dihydropyridines; D015737:Nisoldipine