title: Structure and organization of the gene encoding human dopamine transporter.
abstract: The human dopamine transporter (hDAT) is a member of the subfamily of monoamine transporters which show a common topological structure and possess significant amino acid sequence homology. We isolated and characterized the hDAT gene including about 1 kb of 5'-flanking region. The hDAT gene spans over 64 kb, consisting of 15 exons separated by 14 introns. The intron-exon structure of the hDAT gene is most similar to that of the human noradrenaline transporter (hNAT) gene. Promoter sequence analysis demonstrated a 'TATA'-less, 'CAT'-less and G+C-rich structure. Two E box and several Sp-1-binding sites exist in the promoter region. These structural features are similar to that of the human D1A dopamine receptor gene and the human monoamine oxidase A gene. The transcription start site was determined by both 5'-RACE and RNase protection assay. We determined the 5' end of the mRNA by identifying the 5'-terminal cap-G residue in 5'-RACE and RNase protection assay.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawarai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D005091:Exons; D015723:Gene Library; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D027981:Symporters
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; C493227:SLC6A2 protein, human; D027981:Symporters