title: Successful radiofrequency ablation of idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia at a site away from the tachycardia exit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to assess the possibility of ablating verapamil-responsive idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia at a site distant from the tachycardia exit and thus to define the tachycardia circuit.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The nature of the reentry circuit in idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia is unclear. If the circuit is of considerable size, then it should be possible to ablate the tachycardia at a site distant from the exit site.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electrophysiologic studies and radiofrequency ablation were performed in 27 consecutive patients with verapamil-responsive idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia. In all 27 patients, the tachycardia exit site was defined as the site where the earliest Purkinje potential was recorded > or = 25 ms before the onset of the QRS complex during the tachycardia and where the pace map QRS complex resembled that during the tachycardia. A potential ablation site other than the exit site was then sought around the midseptum, proximal to the exit site. At such sites the tachycardia could be terminated transiently by pressure applied to the catheter tip, without induction of ventricular ectopic beats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The potential ablation site, other than the tachycardia exit site, was identified in seven male patients (mean [+/-SD] age 31 +/- 12 years, range 13 to 52). Application of the radiofrequency current at this site resulted in termination of the tachycardia within 1 to 5 s (mean 2.9 +/- 1.6), and successful ablation of the tachycardia was achieved in all seven patients (success rate 100%, 95% exact confidence interval 0.5898 to 1). The mean distance between the ablation site and the tachycardia exit site was 3.1 +/- 0.7 cm (range 2.0 to 4.0). A presystolic Purkinje spike was recorded 14 +/- 5 ms (range 8 to 20) before the onset of the QRS complex during the tachycardia. During the follow-up period of 24 +/- 11 months (range 12 to 39), there was no recurrence of tachycardia in these seven patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful ablation of idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia can be achieved at sites away from the tachycardia exit site in some patients. This finding suggests that the reentry circuit is likely to be of considerable size, encompassing the middle, inferior and lower aspects of the left interventricular septum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000473:pathology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome