title: Differential expression pattern of XqPAR-linked genes SYBL1 and IL9R correlates with the structure and evolution of the region.
abstract: The recently discovered second pseudoautosomal region (XqPAR) contains at least two genes, IL9R and SYBL1. Recent findings show that, like XpPAR genes, IL9R escapes X inactivation and its Y allele is also expressed, but SYBL1 seems to act like an X-linked gene, expressed from the active X chromosome but not from the inactive X or Y. Here we show that differences are also seen in the evolution of the sex chromosome locations of IL9R and SYBL1. IL9R is known to be autosomal in mice, and is X-linked only in primates. SYBL1, however, has been found to be on the X chromosome in all mammals tested, from marsupials to humans. Both genes were duplicated on the Y homologue of the terminal portion of the X chromosome during the evolution of Homo sapiens from other higher primates. The inactivation pattern of SYBL1 may be correlated with its longer history of X linkage, and at a more centromeric chromosomal position during evolution; the more recent X linkage and more telomeric position of the IL9R gene may explain its autosomal, 'uninactivated' transcriptional status.
authors.affiliation: International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Esposito
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Matarazzo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciccodicola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strazzullo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazzarella
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Quaderi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ricco
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Archidiacono
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rocchi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schlessinger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Urso
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016678:Genome; D006801:Humans; D008394:Marsupialia / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011323:Primates / Q000235:genetics; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000235:genetics*; D053651:Receptors, Interleukin-9; D014960:X Chromosome
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; C508045:IL9R protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053651:Receptors, Interleukin-9; C496927:Sybl1 protein, mouse; C121241:VAMP7 protein, human