title: Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by Withania somnifera in mice.
abstract: Chronic treatment with Withania somnifera (Ws) (family: Solanaceae, 100 mg/kg) commercial root extract followed by saline on days 1-9 failed to produce any significant change in tailflick latency from the saline pretreated group in mice. However, repeated administration of Ws (100 mg/kg) for 9 days attenuated the development of tolerance to the analgesic effect of morphine (10 mg/kg). Ws (100 mg/kg) also suppressed morphine-withdrawal jumps, a sign of the development of dependence to opiate as assessed by naloxone (2 mg/kg) precipitation withdrawal on day 10 of testing.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ninan
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009270:Naloxone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009294:Narcotics; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D009270:Naloxone; D009020:Morphine