title: Relationship between loss of heterozygosity of tumor suppressor genes and histologic differentiation in hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common human tumors in Asia and Africa. The molecular genetic changes involving both protooncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are known to be involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, but the roles of the known tumor suppressor genes in hepatocarcinogenesis are not fully elucidated. In this study, the authors analyzed the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of known tumor suppressor genes in HCC and evaluated the relationship between LOH of tumor suppressor genes and clinicopathologic features.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors assessed the LOH of the 10 known tumor suppressor genes (VHL, APC, EXT1, WT1, Rb1, p53, BRCA1, nm23, DPC4, and DCC) with microsatellite markers in 29 consecutively resected HCC specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors found frequent LOH of tumor suppressor genes in HCC. Twenty five of 29 cases (86%) had LOH of tumor suppressor genes and 17 cases (59%) had LOHs involving 2-4 tumor suppressor genes. Among the tumor suppressor genes, frequent LOH was noted in the p53 (66%), Rb1 (33%), EXT1 (33%), and APC (20%) genes. LOH of the p53 gene and multiple LOH of the tumor suppressor genes were more frequent in poorly differentiated HCCs (P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The LOH of tumor suppressor genes is frequent in HCCs and LOH of the p53 gene and accumulated LOHs are related to poorly differentiated HCC. Abnormalities of the p53 gene or the accumulated abnormalities of the tumor suppressor genes may play a role in the aggressive progression of HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged