Oral isotretinoin. How can we treat difficult acne patients?
Isotretinoin (Roaccutane/Accutane) therapy (120 mg/kg) normally results in complete clearing of nodulocystic acne followed by prolonged remission, and many patients remain free of disease. Four groups of patients respond poorly or have a high rate of relapse. Preteens and young teenagers show a high rate of relapse and several courses of treatment are usually needed; 14 of 20 under the age of 12 years, 21 of 47 aged 12-14 and 23 of 66 aged 14-16 relapsed within 1 year. Individuals with linear lesions consisting of undermining tracks of follicular epithelium often show only a partial response. These individuals typically have a history of other 'sinus track' disease such as pilonidial sinus and hidradenitis, either themselves or other family members. Hemorrhagic or crusted lesions can be exacerbated by full doses of isotretinoin and patients develop pyrogenic-granuloma-type lesions and even acne-fulminans-like eruptions. Women with adrenal or ovarian syndrome associated with elevated androgens commonly relapse with 6-12 months after isotretinoin therapy.
Leyden
J J
JJ
Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015474:Isotretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007641:Keratolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007641:Keratolytic Agents; D015474:Isotretinoin