title: CP12 provides a new mode of light regulation of Calvin cycle activity in higher plants.
abstract: CP12 is a small nuclear encoded chloroplast protein of higher plants, which was recently shown to interact with NAD(P)H-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; EC 1.2.1. 13), one of the key enzymes of the reductive pentosephosphate cycle (Calvin cycle). Screening of a pea cDNA library in the yeast two-hybrid system for proteins that interact with CP12, led to the identification of a second member of the Calvin cycle, phosphoribulokinase (PRK; EC 2.7.1.19), as a further specific binding partner for CP12. The exchange of cysteines for serines in CP12 demonstrate that interaction with PRK occurs at the N-terminal peptide loop of CP12. Size exclusion chromatography and immunoprecipitation assays reveal the existence of a stable 600-kDa PRK/CP12/GAPDH complex in the stroma of higher plant chloroplasts. Its stoichiometry is proposed to be of two N-terminally dimerized CP12 molecules, each carrying one PRK dimer on its N terminus and one A2B2 complex of GAPDH subunits on the C-terminal peptide loop. Incubation of the complex with NADP or NADPH, in contrast to NAD or NADH, causes its dissociation. Assays with the stromal 600-kDa fractions in the presence of the four different nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotides indicate that PRK activity depends on complex dissociation and might be further regulated by the accessible ratio of NADP/NADPH. From these results, we conclude that light regulation of the Calvin cycle in higher plants is not only via reductive activation of different proteins by the well-established ferredoxin/thioredoxin system, but in addition, by reversible dissociation of the PRK/CP12/GAPDH complex, mediated by NADP(H).
authors.affiliation: Botanisches Institut der Christian Albrechts-Universität, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wedel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soll
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Paap
mesh_terms: D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000502:physiology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D009249:NADP; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C022390:phosphoribulokinase