Coding mutations in p57KIP2 are present in some cases of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome but are rare or absent in Wilms tumors.
The Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is marked by fetal organ overgrowth and conveys a predisposition to certain childhood tumors, including Wilms tumor (WT). The genetics of BWS have implicated a gene that maps to chromosome 11p15 and is paternally imprinted, and the gene encoding the cyclin-cdk inhibitor p57KIP2 has been a strong candidate. By complete sequencing of the coding exons and intron/exon junctions, we found a maternally transmitted coding mutation in the cdk-inhibitor domain of the KIP2 gene in one of five cases of BWS. The BWS mutation was an in-frame three-amino-acid deletion that significantly reduced but did not fully abrogate growth-suppressive activity in a transfection assay. In contrast, no somatic coding mutations in KIP2 were found in a set of 12 primary WTs enriched for cases that expressed KIP2 mRNA, including cases with and without 11p15.5 loss of heterozygosity. Two other 11p15.5 loci, the linked and oppositely imprinted H19 and IGF2 genes, have been previously implicated in WT pathogenesis, and several of the tumors with persistent KIP2 mRNA expression and absence of KIP2 coding mutations showed full inactivation of H19. These data suggest that KIP2 is a BWS gene but that it is not uniquely equivalent to the 11p15.5 "WT2" tumor-suppressor locus.
O'Keefe
D
D
Department of Pathology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Dao
D
D
Zhao
L
L
Sanderson
R
R
Warburton
D
D
Weiss
L
L
Anyane-Yeboa
K
K
Tycko
B
B
D001506:Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 / Q000235:genetics*; D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005260:Female; D016162:Genes, Wilms Tumor; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*
D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; C493964:CDKN1C protein, human; C094335:H19 long non-coding RNA; C015772:CpG dinucleotide