title: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and its determinants in an elderly population sample.
abstract: This study describes the distribution and determinants of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and risk factors for low 25(OH)D (< or = 37.5 nmol/L) in 290 men and 469 women aged 67-95 y who were in the Framingham Heart Study cohort. Mean (+/-SD) 25(OH)D concentrations were 82 +/- 29 nmol/L in men and 71 +/- 29 nmol/L in women. 25(OH)D was low in 6.2% of men and 14.5% of women. 25(OH)D concentrations were strongly associated with season of examination, inversely associated with time spent indoors and body mass index, and positively associated with dietary vitamin D intake. In women, concentrations were also inversely associated with age and positively associated with supplemental vitamin D intake and residence for > or = 3 mo/y in Florida, California, or Arizona, and in men were positively associated with serum creatinine concentrations. Similar amounts of variance in 25(OH)D concentrations were explained by vitamin D intake and sunlight exposure, the former being more important in women and the latter in men. None of the known or suspected determinants of vitamin D status could explain the lower 25(OH)D concentrations in women, but the sex difference was not seen for individuals examined during the winter. Results from this population-based sample of elderly individuals suggest that inadequate vitamin D status is an important public health problem, which could be readily addressed by adequate vitamin D intake or sunlight exposure.
authors.affiliation: Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA. paul@hnrc.tufts.edu
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Jacques
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Felson
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mahnken
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rush
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D012737:Sex Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D