title: Extracellular nucleotides activate non-selective cation and Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channels in rat osteoclasts.
abstract: 1. Extracellular ATP elevates cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in osteoclasts, but its effects on ion channels have not been reported previously. Membrane currents and [Ca2+]i were recorded in isolated rat osteoclasts using patch clamp and fluorescence techniques. 2. At negative membrane potentials, ATP (1-100 microM) activated an inward current that peaked rapidly and then declined. A later current was outward at potentials positive to the equilibrium potential for K+ (EK) and showed oscillations. 3. The initial inward current, studied in isolation using Cs+ in the electrode solution, showed rapid activation, inward rectification and reversal at +3 +/- 4 mV. Reduction of [Na+]o to 10 mM shifted the reversal potential to -21 +/- 3 mV, indicating that ATP activates a non-selective cation current, consistent with involvement of P2X receptors. 4. The later current activated by ATP, studied with K+ in the electrode solution, exhibited a linear I-V relationship, and reversed at -71 +/- 4 mV. The reversal potential shifted 51 mV per 10-fold change of [K+]o, indicating that ATP activates a K+ current (IK). 5. In fura-2-loaded cells, ATP caused elevation of [Ca2+]i that persisted in Ca(2+)-free solution, indicating that ATP induced release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, consistent with involvement of P2Y receptors. Simultaneous patch clamp and fluorescence recordings revealed that IK was associated with the elevation of [Ca2+]i. Using a Ca2+ ionophore (4Br-A23187) to elevate [Ca2+]i, IK activated when [Ca2+]i exceeded approximately 400 nM, with half-maximal activation at 580 +/- 50 nM. 6. In cell-attached patches, ATP activated a channel with a conductance of 48 +/- 6 pS, that reversed director, near EK. Channel open probability increased with elevation of [Ca2+]i, indicating the Ca2+ dependence of this channel. 7. These results demonstrate that rat osteoclasts express two types of purinoceptors. P2X receptors give rise to non-selective cation current. P2Y receptors mediate Ca2+ release from stores, causing activation of a Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. weidema@physiology.vwo.ca
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Weidema
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barbera
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sims
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002412:Cations / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D016257:Fura-2; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000502:physiology*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007473:Ion Channels; D009711:Nucleotides; D015221:Potassium Channels; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium; D016257:Fura-2