title: Medicinal foodstuffs. VII. On the saponin constituents with glucose and alcohol absorption-inhibitory activity from a food garnish "Tonburi", the fruit of Japanese Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.: structures of scoparianosides A, B, and C.
abstract: The methanolic extract of a food garnish "Tonburi", the fruit of Japanese kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. (Chenopodiaceae), was found to inhibit the increase in serum glucose-loaded rats. Through bioassay-guided separation, momordin Ic and its 2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside were isolated as the active principles from this medicinal foodstuff together with three new saponins named scoparianosides A, B, and C. The structures of scoparianosides A, B, and C were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence as 3 beta, 22 alpha-dihydroxyolean-12en-28-oic acid (22 alpha-hydroxyoleanolic acid), 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid, 3 beta-hydroxyolean -18-en-28-oic acid (morolic acid), 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1 --> 3)-beta-D -glucopyranosiduronic acid, and 3 beta-hydroxyolean-13(18)-en-28-oic acid, 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoxyl(1 --> 3) -beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid. Momordin Ic and its 2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, both of which are the principal saponin constituents of this medicinal foodstuffs, were found to potently inhibit glucose and ethanol absorption in rats.
authors.affiliation: Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshizumi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamahara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D019663:Chenopodiaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007564:Japan; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D012503:Saponins; C108593:scoparianoside A; C108594:scoparianoside B; C108595:scoparianoside C; D000431:Ethanol; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D005947:Glucose