title: Steroid receptor coactivator-1 is a histone acetyltransferase.
abstract: Steroid receptors and coactivator proteins are thought to stimulate gene expression by facilitating the assembly of basal transcription factors into a stable preinitiation complex. What is not clear, however, is how these transcription factors gain access to transcriptionally repressed chromatin to modulate the transactivation of specific gene networks in vivo. The available evidence indicates that acetylation of chromatin in vivo is coupled to transcription and that specific histone acetyltransferases (HATs) target histones bound to DNA and overcome the inhibitory effect of chromatin on gene expression. The steroid-receptor coactivator SRC-1 is a coactivator for many members of the steroid-hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-inducible transcription factors. Here we show that SRC-1 possesses intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity and that it also interacts with another HAT, p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF). The HAT activity of SRC-1 maps to its carboxy-terminal region and is primarily specific for histones H3 and H4. Acetylation by SRC-1 and PCAF of histones bound at specific promoters may result from ligand binding to steroid receptors and could be a mechanism by which the activation functions of steroid receptors and associated coactivators enhance formation of a stable preinitiation complex, thereby increasing transcription of specific genes from transcriptionally repressed chromatin templates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jenster
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Burcin
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Allis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mizzen
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Onate
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: O'Malley
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D019556:COS Cells; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor
chemical_list: D000123:Acetyltransferases; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006657:Histones; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1; D009707:Nucleosomes; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor; C538859:NCOA1 protein, human