title: Study of simplified measures for malaria surveillance in the late consolidation phase in China.
abstract: This paper presents the results of a study on simplified surveillance methods conducted in 23 pilot counties in 11 provinces and municipalities in China where reside 15 million people and malaria control has been in the late consolidation phase. Two simplified surveillance Schemes (A and B) taking treatment of clinical cases as the main measure were implemented in 1992-1994. The rate of annual blood examination for case detection was 1.0% in pilot Scheme A, while in areas of scheme B it was 0.3%. The implementation of both Scheme A and Scheme B, simplified or without treatment of infection foci and management of mobile populations, acquired satisfactory effects against malaria. Consequently, malaria incidence was declining steadily, only a few indigenous and introduced cases were detected. The parasite rate in residents and the IFA positive rate in children were very low. The results of pilot studies and cost-effectiveness analysis indicated that Scheme B is effective, rational and economic, and can be implemented to replace the routine surveillance measures in areas where malaria has been at the late consolidation phase in China.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: L Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: L Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Xang
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Q L
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: P X
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D018563:Disease Notification / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000191:economics; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000191:economics; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011159:Population Surveillance
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials