title: Preventive effects of polysaccharides extracted from human tubercle bacilli (specific substance of Maruyama) on colonic carcinogenesis in rats.
abstract: Polysaccharides extracted from human tubercle bacilli (specific substance of Maruyama [SSM]) have been clinically applied with satisfactory results. Thymidylate synthetase (TS) and thymidine kinase (TK) are key enzymes in de novo and salvage pathways for pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Well- and moderately well differentiated adenocarcinomas induced with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) are widely distributed throughout the colorectal tract with high TK activity, and the poorly differentiated type is mainly restricted in the proximal colon and the cecum with high TS activity in rats. Subcutaneously injecting the rats with SSM reduced TS activity in colonic nontumorous regions, but in the tumorous regions it reduced TK activity compared with that of the DMH-treated rats without SSM treatment. SSM is suggested to reduce the colorectal carcinogenesis induced with DMH by inhibiting DNA synthesis in a de novo pathway, and to suppress the development of the tumors by decreasing DNA synthesis in the salvage pathway in rats.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Vaccine Therapy for Tumors and Infectious Diseases, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otake
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sassa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maemura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
mesh_terms: D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine