title: p53 protein overexpression is common and independent of human papillomavirus infection in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and p53 abnormalities might both play a role in the carcinogenesis of subtypes of squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. In this study, the authors investigated the prevalence of and the relationship between p53 overexpression and HPV infection in patients with vulvar carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical methods for the detection of p53 protein and consensus primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used, followed by direct sequencing of the PCR product for the evaluation of HPV subtype infection. Sixty-six patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva were available for this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DO7, an anti-p53 monoclonal antibody, showed p53 overexpression in 35 carcinomas (53%). Consensus primer PCR showed HPV infection in 12 carcinomas (18%). No significant association was observed between p53 overexpression or HPV infection and tumor subtype. Approximately 57% of the HPV negative carcinomas and 33% of the HPV positive carcinomas had p53 overexpression. With regard to the patients with DO7 positivity in > or =50% of the nuclei only, significantly more HPV negative carcinomas were DO7 positive compared with HPV positive carcinomas (41% vs. 0%, respectively; P = 0.018). No relation was found between either HPV infection or p53 overexpression and disease free survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  p53 overexpression is common in both HPV positive and HPV negative carcinomas of the vulva. These findings indicate that these two both play a role in the pathogenesis of vulvar carcinoma, but do not influence disease free survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kagie
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Kenter
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Tollenaar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hermans
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Trimbos
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Fleuren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality; D015344:DNA Probes, HPV; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis*; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D015344:DNA Probes, HPV; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53