Cadmium induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
Onset of hypertension and nephropathy after 1,2, and 4 weeks of exposure to cadmium chloride (1 mg/kg, ip) was studied in rats by measuring changes in blood pressure and renal function (urinary output, electrolytes, serum creatinine, inulin clearance and Na+K+ ATPase). Significant decrease in body weight and rise in blood pressure were observed as early as one week of exposure while microalbuminuria was detected in 50% of the animals after 2 weeks. Na+K+ ATPase, a renal tubular enzyme, was depressed after 1 week with maximum lowering occurring after 4 weeks. There were no detectable changes in fluid intake, urine output, electrolytes, inulin clearance and serum creatinine even after 4 weeks. It is concluded that hypertension and tubular lesion set in earlier than glomerulopathy as indicated by microalbuminuria and the latter could be the consequence of rise in blood pressure.
Lall
S B
SB
Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Das
N
N
Rama
R
R
Peshin
S S
SS
Khattar
S
S
Gulati
K
K
Seth
S D
SD
D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D007444:Inulin / Q000652:urine; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism
D002104:Cadmium; D007444:Inulin; D012964:Sodium; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium