title: Identification of two germline point mutations in the 5'UTR of the androgen receptor gene in men with prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As part of an ongoing study to identify germline mutations and/or polymorphisms in the androgen receptor (AR) gene which might be associated with prostate cancer, the 5'-untranslated region (5'UTR) of the AR gene was screened in genomic DNA of prostate cancer cases. This region, which is > 1 kb in length, might modulate AR expression by affecting transcription and/or translation rates. A life-time exposure to enhanced AR expression, in turn, could potentially predispose to prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA samples from 38 prostate cancer cases were analyzed for mutations in the 5'UTR of the AR gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two mutations were identified. One mutation, G2T, is located within the AR transcription initiation site 1 (AR-TIS I), and the second, C214A, within a GC rich region of the 5'UTR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although 5'UTR mutations in the AR gene might only rarely occur in men with prostate cancer, the occasional mutation in this area may contribute to the disease by altering rates of transcription and/or translation of this gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles 90033-0800, USA.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Crocitto
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Coetzee
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017354:Point Mutation; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D011944:Receptors, Androgen