title: Lumbosacral junction injury associated with unstable pelvic fracture: classification and diagnosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the types and prevalence of lumbosacral junction injuries associated with an unstable pelvic fracture and to assess the diagnostic value of conventional radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anteroposterior, inlet, and outlet radiographs and CT scans in 97 patients with pelvic disruption were retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unstable pelvic fractures were seen on radiographs in 73 patients, 42 of whom had a sacral fracture. Fourteen of these 42 patients had an associated L5-S1 facet joint injury (three extraarticular, nine articular, and two complex). In three of these 14 patients, the L-5 body was laterally bent by more than 10 degrees, with asymmetric L5-S1 intervertebral space. The diagnosis in nine of the 14 patients with an associated lumbosacral junction injury was rendered on the basis of CT findings only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lumbosacral junction injury must be considered in patients with an unstable pelvic fracture, especially in those with an associated sacral fracture. CT is necessary because these conditions may be overlooked on radiographs, although outlet radiographs are better than CT scans for depicting the possibly associated L5-S1 intervertebral disk lesion.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cerase
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Priolo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D008297:Male; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012447:Sacrum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*