title: Production of apolipoprotein B-67 in apolipoprotein B-67/B-100 heterozygotes: technical problems associated with leucine contamination in stable isotope studies.
abstract: In vivo kinetics of apoB were performed in three apoB-67/apoB-100 heterozygotes using a primed-constant infusion of (5,5,5-(2)H3)-leucine. Mean plasma VLDL and LDL apoB-67 concentrations were 0.05 +/- 0.01 mg/dl and 0.62 +/- 0.17 mg/dl, respectively, which were 0.2% and 2.8% of total plasma apoB concentrations. When cation exchange chromatography was used to separate plasma amino acids from fragments of polyacrylamide gels, the tracer/tracee ratio at plateau for VLDL apoB-67 was less than 50% of that observed when centrifugation was used. Mean fractional catabolic rate for LDL apoB-67 was 2-fold higher when the lower plateau was used in multicompartmental analysis compared to the higher plateau (0.70 +/- 0.21 versus 0.37 +/- 0.06 pools per day, P = 0.06). The lower plateau resulted from introduction of unlabeled leucine during cation exchange chromatography; therefore, all samples were processed with centrifugation. Mean fractional catabolic rates for VLDL and LDL apoB-67 were not significantly different from VLDL and LDL apoB-100 (VLDL: 9.7 +/- 3.4 versus 18.1 +/- 8.6 pools per day, respectively, P = 0.19; LDL: 0.37 +/- 0.06 versus 0.34 +/- 0.11 pools per day, respectively, P = 0.66). Mean secretion rate of VLDL apoB-67 was 5.6% of VLDL apoB-100 (0.20 +/- 0.04 versus 3.6 +/- 1.3 mg/kg/day, P = 0.01). Fifty-three % of apoB-67 was directly removed from VLDL compared to only 3.5% of apoB-100 (P = 0.003), thus accounting for the lower proportion of apoB-67 in LDL (3.3 +/- 1.8%) as compared to VLDL (11.2 +/- 2.5%). Mean LDL production rate for apoB-67 was 2.6% of LDL apoB-100 (0.09 +/- 0.02 versus 3.50 +/- 1.39 mg/kg/day, P = 0.05). Thus, decreased secretion of apoB-67 is responsible for low levels of apoB-67.
authors.affiliation: Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Welty
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lichtenstein
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Dolnikowski
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ordovas
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Schaefer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D003903:Deuterium; D004340:Drug Contamination; D005260:Female; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D006995:Hypobetalipoproteinemias / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D007700:Kinetics; D007930:Leucine; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D053419:Lipoproteins, IDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008074:Lipoproteins; D053419:Lipoproteins, IDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D003903:Deuterium; D007930:Leucine