title: Effects of maternal exposure to 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl or propylthiouracil in rats trained to discriminate apomorphine from saline.
abstract: In the present experiment drug discrimination was examined in rats after maternal exposure to 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77) using apomorphine (APO) as the training drug at a dose reported to act on dopamine D2 receptors. A group with maternal exposure to 6n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) was included as a positive control for effects induced by PCB 77 on thyroid hormones. On gestational day (GD) 19 reduced levels of free and total thyroxine (FT4, TT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were detected in dams exposed to PCB 77 or PTU. In the offspring decreases in levels of FT4 and TT4 were found in both treated groups on postnatal day (PND) 21, while reductions of FT3 were observed only in the PTU group. PTU-treated rats needed more daily sessions for successful discrimination between apomorphine and saline. There were no differences between groups in generalization tests and sessions with the D2/D3 agonist quinpirole, the D2 antagonist haloperidol plus APO, or with the GABAergic drug pentobarbital and only minor differences in sessions with the D1 agonist SKF-38393. Differences between controls and groups exposed to PCB 77 or PTU were detected in a blocking test using the mixed serotonin 5-HT1A agonist and partial D2 antagonist buspirone. This outcome suggests long-lasting effects by developmental exposure to PCB 77 on the interaction between dopaminergic and serotonergic processes which may be mediated by effects on thyroid hormone levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lilienthal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weinand-Härer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Winterhoff
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Winneke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects*; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011441:Propylthiouracil / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012701:Serotonin / Q000032:analysis; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D012701:Serotonin; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D011441:Propylthiouracil; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D001058:Apomorphine; C028451:3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl