title: Modulation of high- and low-voltage-activated calcium currents in smooth muscle by calcium.
abstract: Ca2+ currents (ICa) and cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) were measured in isolated gastric myocytes from Bufo marinus using whole cell voltage clamp and fura 2, respectively. After a conditioning train of depolarizing pulses, high-voltage-activated ICa (test potential of +10 mV) was increased, returning to control values after approximately 85 s. This enhancement was [Ca2+]c dependent, with a maximal increase at approximately 600 nM [Ca2+]c. During the conditioning train, ICa measured at 70 ms, which provides a measure of high-voltage-activated current, initially decreased with each successive pulse to a minimum of 56 +/- 5% of the first pulse in the train. Thereafter, the 70-ms current showed considerable recovery. Blockade of calmodulin activity with a peptide (RS20) or calmidazolium did not affect the early inhibition but did abolish current recovery. A peptide inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CK3AA) had similar effects. Substraction of currents measured in the presence and absence of RS20 revealed a 2-s delay between the start of the train and the onset of current enhancement. It was also observed that low-voltage-activated current (test potential of -17 mV) was reduced to 76 +/- 7% of control 5 s after the conditioning train; this inhibition recovered to 92 +/- 4% after 35 s and was not dependent on [Ca2+]c elevation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Imaging, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01605, USA.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: McCarron
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: McGeown
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Fay
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001464:Barium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002024:Bufo marinus; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016257:Fura-2; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013270:Stomach / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D002147:Calmodulin; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles; C061167:RS 20; D001464:Barium; C031938:calmidazolium; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; C025603:1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid; D002118:Calcium; D016257:Fura-2