title: Relation between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastrointestinal symptoms and syndromes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Helicobacter pylori is a human pathogen that colonises the gastric mucosa and causes permanent gastric inflammation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the symptoms of H pylori infection in an adult unselected population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of 3589 adult Danes who were examined in 1982 and 1987 (n = 2987).
  
  
  METHODS
  Abdominal symptoms within the preceding year were recorded at both attendances. Circulating IgG antibodies against H pylori in serum samples drawn in 1982 were measured by using in-house indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  People with increased levels of IgG antibodies to H pylori were more likely than uninfected individuals to report heartburn (odds ratio (OR) = 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.54) and abdominal pain characterised by daily length (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 0.92-1.91), nocturnal occurrence (OR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.19-2.19), spring aggravation (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 0.70-4.05), and no relation to meals (OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.43-0.91) or stress (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.50-0.95). The inclusion of people with increased levels of IgG antibodies to H pylori, but without upper dyspepsia, at study entry significantly increased the likelihood of reporting upper dyspepsia at follow up (OR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.24-2.36). People with epigastric pain and increased levels of IgM antibodies to H pylori only indicative of acute H pylori infection were more likely to report nocturnal pain, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  H pylori infection may precede the development of dyspepsia and is associated with a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms in people with no history of peptic ulcer disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery K, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosenstock
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosenstock
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bonnevie
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M