title: Comparison of formalin, ethanol, and Histochoice fixation on the PCR amplification from paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue.
abstract: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been successfully employed for the laboratory analyses of genetic and infectious disorders using DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues. However, fixative type and fixation time influenced PCR reactions and in some circumstances amplification fragments could not be efficiently generated. In this study, we determined the effects of three commonly used fixatives including ethanol, formalin and Histochoice, on the PCR amplification of DNA from paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue. The effect of fixatives and fixation times was measured by the ability of the extracted DNA to serve as a template for the amplification of 280 and 530 base pair DNA fragments. On amplifying DNA, positive reactions were uniformly seen in the ethanol specimens. The next best fixative was Histochoice with positive results almost constantly observed in the PCR reactions performed. Formalin fixation sometimes compromised DNA amplification. Our results are consistent with previous reports investigating the effect of ethanol and formalin fixation on DNA amplification by PCR. Moreover, this is the first study showing that paraffin-embedded tissues fixed with Histochoice can be efficiently used for PCR gene amplification.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathology, Institute of Oncology, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giannella
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Zito
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Colonna
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paradiso
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marzullo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alaibac
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schittulli
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D000431:Ethanol; D005260:Female; D005404:Fixatives; D005557:Formaldehyde; D006651:Histocytochemistry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D005404:Fixatives; D005557:Formaldehyde; D000431:Ethanol