title: Covariance in the measurement of depression/anxiety and three Cluster C personality disorders (avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive).
abstract: One hundred and eight-four clients referred to a research outpatient psychological clinic, and meeting the acceptance criterion of 16 or more on the BDI at screening, were diagnosed as either-depressed and/or anxious using both Present State Examination and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental State Disorders criteria. Clients were assessed for the presence of Cluster C personality disorders using the Personality Disorder Examination of Loranger et al. (1985). Twenty-two per cent made diagnosis of avoidant, dependent or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Significant correlation was found between screening/intake depression index scores and total scores on the three Cluster C personality disorders, although little correlation was found between diagnostic criteria for affective and personality disorders. Some association was shown between the clinical components of personality disorder traits in the anxious-fearful group and current anxiety symptoms, although not as clearly as expected.
authors.affiliation: Psychological Therapies Research Center, University of Leeds, UK. anner@psychology.leeds.ac.uk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rees
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barkham
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003193:Compulsive Personality Disorder / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D003859:Dependent Personality Disorder / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results