title: Alteration of the dismal natural history of fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis secondary to hepatitis B virus with the use of lamivudine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis (FCH) is a severe form of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection occurring as either primary allograft reinfection after liver transplantation for HBV or as severe HBV reactivation induced by immunosuppression in patients with previously latent infection. Without treatment, FCH is universally fatal within a few months of diagnosis. Some improvement has been reported with long-term ganciclovir, with and without foscarnet, but an effective and easily available treatment has not yet been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the prolonged survival of a renal transplant recipient who developed histologically confirmed FCH 6 months after transplantation and was treated with lamivudine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the time of diagnosis, the patient had jaundice, ascites, and a serum HBV-DNA level of 3868 pg/ml. Lamivudine was instituted 2 months later, and after 6 months of treatment, the HBV-DNA level was undetectable with the serum bilirubin within the normal range. Twelve months after the diagnosis of FCH, the patient remains stable without progression of liver dysfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experience demonstrates that lamivudine therapy can improve the dismal natural history of FCH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al Faraidy
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Vartanian
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: U P
authors.initials: UP
authors.lastname: Steinbrecher
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002780:Cholestasis, Intrahepatic / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000601:surgery; D006085:Graft Survival; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D019259:Lamivudine