title: Plastinated canine gastrointestinal tracts used to facilitate teaching of endoscopic technique and anatomy.
abstract: Plastinated specimens, when prepared with a design for endoscopic use, can serve as a practical model for teaching. Intact alimentary canals were excised from fresh canine cadayers. Cannulas in excess of the intended endoscope size (9.6 mm diameter) were placed in restrictive openings [cardiac ostium (ostium cardiacum), pyloric ostium (ostium pyloricum) and cecocolic orifice (ostium cecocolicum)]. These cannulas allowed ingesta to be removed and maintained adequate diameters for endoscoping. After flushing out the gastrointestinal contents, specimens were formaldehyde-fixed overnight in a dilated anatomical conformation. Prior to S10/S3 impregnation, fixative was flushed from the specimens and they were dehydrated in acetone. After impregnation, slow cure (elongation of S3 molecules at room temperature) was allowed to proceed for approximately 1 week. The gastrointestinal tracts were maintained in a dilated conformation by a positive pressure air flow. When polymer seepage was minimal, they were cured using small quantities of S6 (final curing agent). The curing agent was contained around the specimen by enclosing the specimens in plastic bags. The plastinated specimens retain their dilated anatomical conformation, and may be used to teach both endoscopic technique and gastrointestinal anatomy.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-4500, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Janick
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: DeNovo
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Henry
mesh_terms: D000715:Anatomy / Q000193:education*; D000818:Animals; D002102:Cadaver; D004064:Digestive System / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D004285:Dogs; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016613:Plastic Embedding