title: Prognostic value of plasma endotoxin levels in patients with cirrhosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endotoxemia has frequently been observed in patients with cirrhosis. Previous studies have shown that cirrhotic patients with endotoxemia have a higher mortality than those without. We evaluated the clinical value of plasma endotoxin level in predicting short-term (3 months) and long-term (2 years) survival among cirrhotic patients and compared it with the Child-Pugh score.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma endotoxin levels were determined in 102 cirrhotic patients without clinical evidence of infection by a quantitative Limulus assay. The patients were followed up for 3 months to assess short-term survival and for 2 years for long-term survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma endotoxin levels increased progressively as liver function deteriorated. In short-term survival analysis, plasma endotoxin levels were significantly higher in non-survivors than those in survivors (10.6 +/- 2.2 pg/ml versus 5.8 +/- 0.5 pg/ml; P < 0.05). Both plasma endotoxin and serum bilirubin levels, but not the Child-Pugh score, were significant factors in predicting short-term survival in multivariate analysis. In long-term survival analysis, plasma endotoxin levels did not differ significantly between survivors and non-survivors (6.1 +/- 0.6 pg/ml versus 7.3 +/- 1.1 pg/ml; P > 0.05) and was not an independent predictor of long-term survival. In contrast, both Child-Pugh score and serum bilirubin levels were significant predictors of long-term survival in multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with cirrhosis, plasma endotoxin levels progressively increase as liver function deteriorates and may be useful in predicting short-term survival.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: F Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: F Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000150:complications*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins; D001663:Bilirubin