title: Leptomeningeal metastasis with urological presentation.
abstract: The incidence of clinical leptomeningeal metastases from non-neurologic solid tumour is generally increasing as a result of better survival of systemic cancer with chemotherapy. Their presentation varies according to the neurological involvement. A case of leptomeningeal metastasis from an unknown primary source presenting with urinary incontinence as the sole complaint is reported. While urinary incontinence is common in the community and is often functional, neurogenic causes must also be considered. Urodynamic study and electrophysiological assessment are useful investigations in the exclusion of a neurogenic cause. An MRI of the spine will be required to define any anatomic lesion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Seow
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary*; D001099:Arachnoid; D006801:Humans; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009382:Neoplasms, Unknown Primary / Q000473:pathology*; D010841:Pia Mater; D011859:Radiography; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*