title: Accommodation to stationary and moving targets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that the contrast of spectral components of the retinal image specifies ocular focus and controls reflex accommodation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight subjects viewed a stationary target at 0, 2.5, and 5 D in a Badal optometer, with longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) normal and reversed and in monochromatic (550 nm) light. Accommodation was monitored continuously during 40-s trials. Subjects also viewed the grating target as it moved sinusoidally (1.5 to 2.5 D) at 0.2 Hz under the same three conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects accommodated relatively accurately at all distances in the normal condition; three subjects had difficulty accommodating in monochromatic light at 5 or 0 D, and seven subjects could not maintain focus with LCA reversed. The accommodative response differed significantly in the three chromatic conditions both for stationary and moving targets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Relative contrast of long-, middle-, and short-wavelength components of the retinal image specifies ocular focus and drives reflex accommodation.
authors.affiliation: Schnurmacher Institute for Vision Research, State College of Optometry, State University of New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Kruger
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Aggarwala
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bean
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mathews
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D003118:Color Perception; D006801:Humans; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D009907:Optometry / Q000379:methods; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods