title: High-level tetracycline resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Portugal.
abstract: The first high-level tetracycline resistance (MIC > or = 16 mg/l) isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (TRNG) were reported in 1990 from patients attending a Sexual Transmitted Disease (STD) Center in Lisbon. The TRNG prevalence was 4% in 1991, 5.3% in 1992 and 10,8% in 1994, exploding to 52.2% in 1995. The tet M determinant was evaluated by PCR. The digests of PCRP using HpaII produced the restriction pattern 2 for all the strains, except one (pattern 3). 78.3% of the TRNG strains were beta-lactamase producers and the 4.5 MDa penicillinase plasmid was the dominant (83%), 90% and 93.3% of the TRNG strains belonged to the auxotype NR and to the serogroup IA, respectively. The IA-8/NR class represented 58.3% of the TRNG isolates, suggesting a clonal spreading.
authors.affiliation: Sector de Resistência aos Antibióticos, Bacteriologia, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, LISBOA Codex, Portugal.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Louro
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Catry
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Pato
mesh_terms: D000939:Epitopes; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011174:Portugal; D012703:Serotyping; D013753:Tetracycline Resistance; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D001618:beta-Lactamases