title: [Oto-mandibular ligaments: disco-mallear and malleo-mandibular ligaments].
abstract: Phylogenesis, embryology and anatomy are emphasizing that two ligaments are found between the temporo-mandibular joint and the middle ear. These two oto-mandibular ligaments are named the disco-mallear ligament and the malleo-mandibular ligament. Originating from the first arch, these ligaments are not involved in the otologic manifestations of the temporo-mandibular joint syndrome. The disco-mallear ligament is a brake applied to the anterior excursion of the disc. When this disco-mallear ligament is stretched the disc can be displaced anteriorly breeding disc displacement, hypermobility and temporo-mandibular dislocation. The malleo-mandibular ligament is a remainder of the Meckel's cartilage: its role is not clear. When excessive forces are applying on the mandible, ossicles dislocation can be seen the forces being transmitted through it.
authors.affiliation: Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et Plastique de la face, Hôpital Nord, Chemin des Bourrelys, Marseille.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gola
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chossegros
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cheynet
mesh_terms: D001934:Branchial Region / Q000196:embryology; D002356:Cartilage / Q000196:embryology; D004429:Ear Ossicles / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000209:etiology; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000209:etiology; D008022:Ligaments / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008307:Malleus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology; D013706:Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome / Q000473:pathology