title: Management of upper and lower urinary tract infections in pregnant women.
abstract: Nurse practitioners often manage pregnant women for many health problems. Early recognition, treatment, or timely referral of any infectious process, especially urinary tract infections, is crucial to an optimal pregnancy outcome. Knowledge of urinary tract anatomic and physiologic changes in pregnancy and bacterial features necessary for infection to occur expands understanding the foundation of urinary tract infection prevention and treatment. This article discusses urinary tract infections, specifically focusing on clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment measures among pregnant women.
authors.affiliation: University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Nursing 64108, USA.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Hamilton
mesh_terms: D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000451:nursing*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing*
chemical_list: D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary