[Severe complications, adverse effects due to blood transfusion and its measures--transfusion transmitted viral infections].
Since the implementation of blood screening for HBs-Ag, HTLV-1-Ab, HIV-Ab and HCV-Ab, donor blood collected by the Japan Red Cross Blood Center has become among the safest in the world. The current incidence of HBV, HTLV-1, HIV and HCV transmission by blood transfusion are estimated to be 1/500,000, 1/50,000, 1/1,000,000 and 1/500, respectively. Even though the latest, most advanced techniques are used, it is impossible to completely prevent transmission of these viruses. HIV transmission from donor blood during the window period before the HIV-Ab reaches testable levels was reported in May 1997. Even though there has been a remarkable decrease in these notorious virus transmissions, transfusion transmissions of new viruses have become apparent. Parvovirus B19, Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus are known to be blood born infections. Recently, HGV, HHV-8 and Borna disease virus transmission has been shown. Discussions as to how to insure safe blood products through effective screening for these new viruses must be held in the near future.
Inaba
S
S
Blood Transfusion Service, Kyushu University Hospital.
D006801:Humans; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*