title: A prospective, seroepidemiological study of the role of human papillomavirus in esophageal cancer in Norway.
abstract: Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), notably HPV type 16, has been associated with esophageal cancer in seroepidemiological studies. To evaluate the consistency of the association, we performed a nested case-control study of HPV seropositivity and risk of esophageal cancer within a prospectively followed cohort of 300,000 Norwegian men and women who had donated blood samples to a serum bank. The data file of the serum bank was linked with the nationwide Cancer Registry of Norway to identify esophageal cancers diagnosed after donation of the serum sample. Fifty-seven cases and 171 matched controls were analyzed for antibodies to specific microorganisms, and odds ratios for developing esophageal cancer were calculated. There was an increased risk of developing esophageal cancer among HPV 16-seropositive subjects (odds ratio = 6.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-71) but not among Chlamydia trachomatis-seropositive subjects. Adjustment for the presence of serum cotinine, a marker of smoking habits, did not affect the estimates substantially. The seroepidemiological association between HPV 16 and esophageal cancer seems to be consistent in different countries.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute for Epidemiological Cancer Research, Montebello, Oslo.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bjørge
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hakulinen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engeland
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jellum
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koskela
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehtinen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Luostarinen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paavonen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sapp
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schiller
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thoresen
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Youngman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dillner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000150:complications; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G