title: Serum levels of specific IgE, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in seasonal allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is increasing evidence that soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) might reflect T cell activation in vivo and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) might reflect the ongoing inflammatory response in the inflamed site.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the effect of antihistamine tablets and allergen-specific immunotherapy on the seasonal changes in specific IgE, sIL-2R, and sICAM-1 in the serum of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study included 99 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis due to Japanese cedar pollens and 27 nonatopic healthy volunteers. The patients were divided into an antihistamine-treated group and an immunotherapy group. Serum samples were collected before and during the pollen season from each patient to determine specific IgE, sIL-2R, and sICAM-1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of sIL-2R before the pollen season did not differ significantly among the nonatopic group, the antihistamine-treated group, and the immunotherapy group. The levels of sICAM-1 before the pollen season were significantly higher in the antihistamine-treated group and in the immunotherapy group than in the nonatopic group. Seasonal increase in specific IgE was significant in the antihistamine-treated group regardless of their clinical outcomes. In contrast, significant increase in specific IgE was observed during the pollen season in poor responders but not in good responders to immunotherapy. Serum levels of sIL-2R and sICAM-1 were significantly increased during the pollen season in poor responders of the antihistamine-treated group and the immunotherapy group. On the other hand, neither seasonal increase in sIL-2R nor sICAM-1 was significant in good responders of the antihistamine-treated group and the immunotherapy group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum levels of sICAM-1 are higher in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, even outside of the pollen season when the allergen does not naturally exist. Seasonal changes in serum sICAM-1 as well as sIL-2R and specific IgE are probably objective markers to indicate the clinical efficacy of antihistamines and immunotherapy on seasonal allergic rhinitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakinoki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Washio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D007167:Immunotherapy; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011058:Pollen / Q000276:immunology; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007073:Immunoglobulin E