title: Primary endodermal sinus tumor of the vulva: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extragonadal endodermal sinus tumors arising in the external genitalia represent an exceedingly rare malignancy in women. Six cases of endodermal sinus tumors of the vulva have been reported to date, with three cases failing to respond to conservative surgery and vincristine-based chemotherapy. We report a seventh case of vulvar endodermal sinus tumor that was treated with radical surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  RT is an 18-year-old female who presented with a vulvar mass that was diagnosed as endodermal sinus tumor at the time of biopsy. She was subsequently treated with modified radical vulvectomy and ipsilateral groin lymphadenectomy, followed by bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin chemotherapeutic regimen. She has since remained free of disease for 18 months as evidenced by serum alpha-fetoprotein and physical exam at 18 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vulvar endodermal sinus tumors represent a very small number of germ cell tumors in women. Based on the previous accounts, this disease appears to be more fatal than endodermal sinus tumor arising at other sites. These tumors also have a predilection for local metastasis. Due to the previous accounts, we chose to treat this patient with radical surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. This treatment regimen has resulted in a disease-free state for 18 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73190, USA.
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Flanagan
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Mannel
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018240:Endodermal Sinus Tumor / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy