title: [Biochemical and molecular characterization of Salmonella serovar enteritidis phage type 4 isolated from food poisoning outbreaks in Tokyo].
abstract: Since 1989, outbreaks of Salmonella ser. Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) food poisoning have dramatically increased in Tokyo, and a total of 31 outbreaks has been reported in 1989. Twenty-one of these 31 outbreaks were caused by S. Enteritidis PT34, but 8 outbreaks were caused by S. Enteritidis PT4. After 1990 instead of SE PT34, food poisoning due to PT4, which was a very common phage type in the UK, has increased in Tokyo. Between 1989 and 1995, there were 144 food poisoning outbreaks caused by S. Enteritidis, and 64 of these outbreaks were by due to S. Enteritidis PT4, which was one of the main phage types in Tokyo. To characterize these strains of phage type (PT) 4,293 isolates from patients, and vehicle foods, eggs and environment in Tokyo were examined for plasmid DNA profiles, acid productivity from glycols (propylene and ethylene) and antimicrobial resistance patterns. Plasmid DNA was extracted by Kado's method, and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The acid productivity from propylene glycol or ethylene glycol were tested using Barsicow medium with 1% propylene glycol or ethylene glycol. Antimicrobial susceptibility to AM, CP, TC, SM, KM, NA, ST, FOM and NFLX was tested by the K-B disc method. The strains of PT4 were further subdivided into 9 types by those epidemiologic marker analysis. The prevalent pattern of PT4 strains was type A plasmid profile carrying only one plasmid (60 kb) and there were 2 kinds of antibiograms. One was SM resistant, while the other was susceptible. A total of 56 (87.5%) of 64 outbreaks was found to have been caused by these types of S. Enteritidis. Several kinds of egg-related foods were suspected as the vehicles of transmission among 24 outbreaks. Especially, in 5 outbreaks, S. Enteritidis strains were isolated both from patients and suspected food which were cooked with egg. This strongly suggests that these foods may be the potential source of infection in S. Enteritidis PT4 outbreaks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Research Laboratory of Public Health.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kusunoki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Monma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shingaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Obata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudoh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001434:Bacteriophage Typing; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004531:Eggs / Q000382:microbiology; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012621:Seasons; D014041:Tokyo / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents