title: Interstitial norepinephrine level by cardiac microdialysis correlates with ventricular contractility.
abstract: Although a cardiac microdialysis technique has made it possible to estimate myocardial interstitial norepinephrine (NE) levels, whether such levels reflect the local NE concentration that would regulate ventricular contractility remains unknown. If such levels indicate locally regulating NE concentration, then ventricular contractility should be a unique function of the interstitial NE level regardless of how the latter is altered. To examine this hypothesis, we altered the interstitial NE level endogenously by stimulating the cardiac sympathetic nerves at 1 and 2 Hz while monitoring ventricular contractility. We also altered the interstitial NE level exogenously by means of intravenous NE infusions at 10 and 40 micrograms.kg-1.h-1. The basal NE levels did not differ between the stimulation and the infusion experiments (42.9 +/- 11.2 vs. 40.1 +/- 6.2 pg/ml, means +/- SE). The slopes of regression lines relating ventricular contractility and interstitial NE level were also not different between the two experiments [1.13 +/- 0.20 vs. 1.17 +/- 0.20%/(pg/ml), means +/- SE]. We conclude that the interstitial NE level estimated by cardiac microdialysis reflects the local NE concentration regulating ventricular contractility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shishido
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugimachi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sunagawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002415:Cats; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009638:Norepinephrine