title: Pretreatment with topical 60% lidocaine tape reduces pain on injection of propofol.
abstract: We determined whether pretreatment with topical 60% lidocaine tape reduced the incidence of pain on injection of propofol compared with mixing intravenous lidocaine with propofol. In a randomized, double-blind trial, 90 patients were allocated to one of three groups: pretreatment with a bioocclusive dressing and administration of a premixed solution of propofol 180 mg and 2 mL of normal saline (Group A); pretreatment with 60% lidocaine tape and a premixed solution of propofol and normal saline (Group B); or pretreatment with a bioocclusive dressing and a premixed solution of propofol 180 mg and lidocaine 40 mg (Group C). The incidences of pain in Groups A, B, and C were 86.7%, 33.4%, and 20%, respectively. Group B and Group C had a significantly lower incidence of pain than Group A. There was no significant difference in the incidence of pain between Group B and Group C. There was no significant difference in the distribution of site of pain on injection of propofol among the three groups. Pretreatment with topical 60% lidocaine tape reduced the incidence of pain on injection of propofol similar to that of intravenous lidocaine mixed with propofol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pretreatment with topical 60% lidocaine tape reduces the pain associated with injection of propofol, a frequently used intravenous anesthetic. This approach should increase patient comfort during induction of anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishiwaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hosoda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011292:Premedication; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D015742:Propofol