title: Cryosurgical ablation of the normal ventral prostate plus adjuvant does not protect Copenhagen rats from Dunning prostatic adenocarcinoma challenge.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We wished to determine if cryosurgical ablation of the normal ventral prostate of Copenhagen rats confers protective immunity against a subsequent challenge with Dunning R3327 MatLyLu prostatic adenocarcinoma. In human melanoma, tumor antigens have been characterized as normal cellular proteins. We reasoned that cryosurgical ablation of the normal prostate along with immunostimulatory adjuvants might release prostatic antigens to the immune system engendering an immune response and rendering rats immune to prostatic cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  On day 0, Copenhagen rats underwent cryosurgical ablation of the normal ventral prostate, cryosurgery and intraprostatic injection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA), CFA injection alone, or laparotomy alone. On day 21, animals received a subcutaneous challenge of MatLyLu tumor cells. Tumor dimensions were recorded at regular intervals by a single blinded investigator.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Animals receiving cryosurgical ablation of the normal ventral prostate or intraprostatic CFA developed tumors more frequently than animals receiving laparotomy alone and the effect was statistically significant if animals received both cryosurgical ablation of the prostate and intraprostatic CFA (3 experiments, 1 x 10(4) MatLyLu cells), total number with tumors/total number challenged: laparotomy alone 3/17, cryosurgical ablation 7/17, cryosurgery plus CFA 10/16 (p = 0.013 versus laparotomy, Fisher's exact test), CFA alone 9/17.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cryosurgical ablation of the normal rat ventral prostate and intraprostatic CFA does not protect against and can enhance the tumorigenicity of MatLyLu prostatic cancer cells at distant sites. This could be occurring through specific immunologic effects or non-specific mechanisms induced by cryosurgery and CFA.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, the Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Orth
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Brewton
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ponniah
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Alexander
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D003452:Cryosurgery; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D005620:Freund's Adjuvant