title: [Effect of complete androgen block before radical prostatectomy for cancer of the prostate].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of complete androgen deprivation in downstaging advanced localized prostate cancer prior to radical prostatectomy. The study evaluated positive margins, prostate volume, PSA and histological changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 22 patients with stage T2 (13 pts, 59%) and T3 (13 pts, 59%) prostate cancer treated with complete androgen deprivation for at least 3 months prior to radical prostatectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PSA levels dropped in 97% (51.1-1.4 ng/dl) after treatment (p < 0.001); 20 (90%) had PSA < 3 ng/dl, including 3 cases (14%) with positive nodes; 2 cases (9%) with pT2 tumor had PSA > 3 ng/ml. The mean prostate volume dropped 33% from 52.6 to 35.2 cc (p < 0.001). Of the 22 cases, only one T2 (4%) was staged down; 10 (45.5%) had positive margins versus 17 (53%) of the control group (p > 0.05). The Gleason score increased in 19 (86%) and 90% had cytoplasmic vacuolization and pyknosis with moderate nuclear lysis in 50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neoadjuvant treatment significantly reduces PSA levels and prostate volume. The decrease in PSA levels, however, does not appear to have a direct correlation with the final pathologic stage. Tumor stage changed slightly in patients with T2 tumors and no response was observed in those with T3. Patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy had a slight advantage with respect to positive margins. The histological findings were suggestive of cellular lysis.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología y Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Juan Canalejo, La Coruña, España.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gómez Veiga
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lorenzo Patiño
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Díaz Bermúdez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duarte Novo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alvarez Castelo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chantada Abal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez Rodríguez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González Martín
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005485:Flutamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists*; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011292:Premedication; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D005485:Flutamide