title: Computer analysis of environmental temperature, light and noise in intensive care: chaos or chronome nurseries?
abstract: Lighting, noise and temperature were monitored in two perinatal nurseries. Rhythms of several frequencies were found, including prominent 24-hour rhythms with acrophases around 13:00 (light intensity) and 16:00 (noise). For light and noise, the ratio formed by dividing the amplitude of a 1-week (circaseptan) or half-week (circasemiseptan) fitted cosine curve by the amplitude of a 24-hour fitted cosine curve is smaller than unity, since 24-hour rhythms are prominent for these variables. The amplitude ratios are larger than unity for temperature in the newborns' unit but not in the infants' unit. Earlier, the origin of the about-7-day rhythms of neonatal physiologic variables was demonstrated to have, in addition to a major endogenous, also a minor exogenous component. Hence, the possibility of optimizing maturation by manipulating environmental changes can be considered, using, as gauges of development, previously mapped chronomes (time structures of biologic multifrequency rhythms, trends and noise).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Valiadolid, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ardura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Andrés
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aldana
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Revilla
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cornélissen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Halberg
mesh_terms: D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003422:Critical Care; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008029:Lighting; D008834:Microclimate; D009622:Noise; D010507:Periodicity; D012984:Software; D013696:Temperature