title: A global scale to measure the quality of the family environment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Simple, reliable measures of the quality of the environment in which a child was reared that can be used in clinical research and practice are lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  The reliability and validity of a global scale to retrospectively appraise the quality of that environment were examined. Fifty-three clinicians from 4 centers in Australia and 1 in Hong Kong, People's Republic of China, used the scale to rate 7 case vignettes; 4 clinicians rated 20 medical records, and 49 rated 211 subjects after clinical interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) was 0.82 (time 1) and 0.84 (time 2) for case vignettes, 0.90 for medical records, and 0.89 for clinical interviews. Consistency in time was high (r = 0.91). Lower ratings, indicative of a less adequate environment, were associated with a clinical diagnosis of oppositional defiant or conduct disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our simple-to-use scale appears to measure reliably a relevant clinical construct and fills a gap among the instruments available. Ratings may be useful as a cost-effective index to consider in outcome studies, when examining response to treatment, or in other clinical research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Dossetor
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Plapp
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Bird
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D001315:Australia; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012931:Social Environment