title: Realignment of periodontally affected maxillary teeth--a periodontist's perspective. Part 1: Treatment rationale and methodology.
abstract: Orthodontic therapy is indicated for adults when periodontitis has resulted in drifting or tilting of upper anterior teeth. Periodontal disease must be controlled before, during, and after orthodontic treatment. Simple cases may be treated using removable appliances and light, intermittent forces, but complex cases with an underlying skeletal disharmony should be referred to an orthodontist. Permanent retention is usually required after orthodontic treatment in adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Duncan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008437:Maxilla; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D009970:Orthodontics / Q000379:methods*; D010517:Periodontics / Q000379:methods*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000628:therapy*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques