title: Krüppel target gene knockout participates in the proper innervation of a specific set of Drosophila larval muscles.
abstract: Krüppel (Kr) encodes a zinc finger-type transcription factor expressed in spatially and temporally restricted patterns during Drosophila embryogenesis. Molecular targets and the mechanism of Kr action have been studied extensively during the early segmentation process, but only little is known about Kr requirement during later development. We report the identification of a target gene of Kr, termed knockout (ko), isolated by virtue of Krüppel in vitro binding sites. Loss and gain of function experiments show that Kr activity maintains ko expression in a subset of muscles. ko encodes a novel protein expressed in several embryonic tissues including Kr-expressing muscles. Movements of embryos deficient for ko activity are uncoordinated. Their muscle pattern is normal, but the patterns of neuromuscular innervation are specifically disarranged. The results suggest that the Kr target gene ko is required for proper innervation of specific muscles by RP motoneurons.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Molekulare Entwicklungsbiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landgraf
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bate
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jäckle
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004330:Drosophila / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D017344:Genes, Insect; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D007814:Larva; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009046:Motor Neurons; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009132:Muscles / Q000196:embryology* / Q000294:innervation; D009420:Nervous System / Q000196:embryology*; D010641:Phenotype; D016372:RNA, Antisense; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D013234:Stem Cells; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C497244:Kr protein, Drosophila; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D016372:RNA, Antisense; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C109229:ko protein, Drosophila