title: Synthesis and structure-opioid activity relationships of trans-(+/-)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[4- or 5-hydroxy-2-(1-pyrrolidiny)cyclohexyl]benzeneacetamides.
abstract: To explore the effects of attaching a hydroxy function to the cyclohexane ring of kappa-selective opioid N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl]benzeneacetamides, trans-(+/-)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[4- or 5-hydroxy-2-(1-pyrrolidiny)cyclohexyl]benzeneacetamides (1-4) and their benzoates (5-8) have been synthesized in a divergent and stereoselective manner. When compared with the parent compound U-50488, hydroxy derivatives 1-4 maintained high selectivity towards the kappa-opioid receptor (mu/kappa ratio = 24 to > 91); while displaying significant reduction in binding affinity (Ki,kappa = 75-218 nM). The lowest kappa-affinity was observed with compound 4, where the hydroxy group is attached at the 5-axial or 5-beta position. Further reduction in kappa-affinity was observed when the hydroxy function was benzoylated. However, the 4 beta, 5 alpha, and 5 beta isomers (6-8) maintained varying degrees of kappa-selectivity; the 4 alpha-isomer compound 5, with its benzoate moiety situated at the 4-axial position is now a moderately potent mu-selective opioid (Ki,mu = 168 nM, mu/kappa = 0.076). The result suggest the importance of lipophilicity in binding to opioid receptors and the presence of a specific lipophilic binding site on the mu-opioid receptor.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, R.O.C. cyc@ka.mc.ntu.edu.tw
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D019900:3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; D019900:3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer