title: Hemobilia: sonographic appearances in the gallbladder and biliary tree with emphasis on intracholecystic blood.
abstract: The purpose [corrected] of this study is to discuss the causes and sonographic appearances of blood in the gallbladder and biliary tree. Over a 12 year period, 18 patients with hemobilia had ultrasonographic examinations at one of three hospitals. Hemobilia was categorized as traumatic (50%), spontaneous (28%), or inflammatory (22%), with coagulopathy present in half of the cases. The sonographic appearances of intracholecystic blood varied, but with the exception of a single case, masslike intracholecystic material was present. Biliary dilatation occurred in five patients, with echogenic material visible in the extrahepatic bile duct in three of these cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Laing
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Frates
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Feldstein
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mondro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001659:Biliary Tract / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006431:Hemobilia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014463:Ultrasonography