title: Suppression of tumor necrosis factor-induced cell death by inhibitor of apoptosis c-IAP2 is under NF-kappaB control.
abstract: Members of the NF-kappaB/Rel and inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein families have been implicated in signal transduction programs that prevent cell death elicited by the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF). Although NF-kappaB appears to stimulate the expression of specific protective genes, neither the identities of these genes nor the precise role of IAP proteins in this anti-apoptotic process are known. We demonstrate here that NF-kappaB is required for TNF-mediated induction of the gene encoding human c-IAP2. When overexpressed in mammalian cells, c-IAP2 activates NF-kappaB and suppresses TNF cytotoxicity. Both of these c-IAP2 activities are blocked in vivo by coexpressing a dominant form of IkappaB that is resistant to TNF-induced degradation. In contrast to wild-type c-IAP2, a mutant lacking the C-terminal RING domain inhibits NF-kappaB induction by TNF and enhances TNF killing. These findings suggest that c-IAP2 is critically involved in TNF signaling and exerts positive feedback control on NF-kappaB via an IkappaB targeting mechanism. Functional coupling of NF-kappaB and c-IAP2 during the TNF response may provide a signal amplification loop that promotes cell survival rather than death.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0295, USA.
authors.forename: Z L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: McKinsey
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gentry
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Malim
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Ballard
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014764:Viral Proteins; C086430:inhibitor of apoptosis, Nucleopolyhedrovirus