title: [Raynaud's phenomenon. Practical considerations on the forms secondary to immunomediated systemic diseases].
abstract: Raynaud's phenomenon is a frequent asphyxial vascular syndrome interesting the 4% of general population. In most of cases it is a functional problem (Raynaud's disease). Less frequently it has an organic cause (Raynaud's syndrome). The pathogenesis of primitive Raynaud's phenomenon remains an enigma. In secondary Raynaud phenomenon the attacks of vasospasm can be explained by the physiopathologic events characterizing the underlying disease. For example, multiple cytokines, transforming grow factor beta, serum immunocomplexes are of great importance in the contest of connective diseases. Clinical examination, some usual laboratory and roentgenographic investigations and nailfold capillary microscopy are of particular importance in orientating the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Servizio Autonomo di Immunologia Clinica, Università degli Studi, Padova.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marcolongo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corà
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laveder
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Busato
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rigoli
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications; D002196:Capillaries / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D009262:Nails / Q000098:blood supply; D011928:Raynaud Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*