title: Health impacts of large releases of radionuclides. Late somatic health effects.
abstract: This chapter reviews the risks of radiation-induced cancer for the dose range likely to occur after releases of radionuclides into the environment. Epidemiological evidence from exposed workers and the atomic bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki is surveyed. Influences on such risk functions of individual related quantities (e.g. age, sex, nationality, time since exposure and organs exposed) and of radiation modality-related quantities (e.g. dose, dose rate and radiation quality) are also briefly discussed.
authors.affiliation: GSF, Institut für Strahlenschutz, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Paretzke
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational; D001417:Background Radiation / Q000009:adverse effects; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009689:Nuclear Warfare; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011210:Power Plants; D011847:Radioactive Fallout / Q000009:adverse effects; D018788:Radioactive Hazard Release; D011848:Radioactive Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011886:Radon / Q000009:adverse effects; D012306:Risk; D017741:Survivors; D013997:Time Factors; D014455:Ukraine; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D011847:Radioactive Fallout; D011848:Radioactive Pollutants; D011886:Radon