title: Left thoracic approach for cancer of cardia: early and late results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The surgical treatment of cancer of the cardia is controversial and results are often disappointing. Concern exists not only with regards to the surgical approach but also to the extent of the resection. The authors analyze their experience over a 20-year period adopting almost exclusively a "limited" esophagogastrectomy with a wide regional lymphadenectomy through a left thoracotomy. The aim of the study is to determine if this approach actually plays a role in the treatment of this tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  148 patients were evaluated for cardial cancer. Of these 22 (14.8%) were not resectable and 6 (4%) received other types of resections for technical reasons. 120 patients are the basis of the present analysis. More than 75% of patients were in stage III or IV. Follow-up was completed in 92.5% of cases; all surviving patients had at least 5 years of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four (3.3%) patients died in the postoperative period. In 6 cases (5%) an anastomotic leakage occurred and this caused the death of 2 patients. Nine (7.5%) patients had severe pulmonary complications. Dysphagia was relieved in all non complicated patients. 13 (10.8%) patients had anastomotic recurrence. Overall survival rate after 5 years was 25.62 +/- 6.1%. A significant difference in survival was noted in patients at stages II and III after 5 years (61.3% vs 18.6, p < 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This operation has proved to be a good option providing satisfying long-term results and a lower incidence of complications if compared with more extended procedures. It can be performed in the majority of patients with carcinoma of the cardia with a low mortality and morbidity and with excellent palliation of dysphagia. In our opinion it remains an optimum treatment for cardial cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Transplantation, Pizzamiglio II, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Carlis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zurleni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ballabio
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pirotta
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rondinara
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Sansalone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Colella
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Slim
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meroni
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Belli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Forti
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002299:Cardia / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods