title: Technical note. The serum concentration of the advanced glycation end-product N epsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine is increased in uremia.
abstract: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) such as pentosidine and N epsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) have been traditionally quantified by HPLC or gas chromatography--mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) have been introduced as a convenient alternative to simplify the detection and measurement of AGEs in proteins and tissues, but some of these studies are limited by the lack of information on the structure of the epitopes recognized by antibodies to AGE-proteins. In this work we demonstrate that an antibody used in a previous study, reporting increased levels of AGEs in patients with diabetes or on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and hemodialysis (HD), recognizes CML as its major epitope. We also show that there is a significant correlation between the concentration of AGEs in serum measured by ELISA and a GC/MS assay for CML in serum proteins. Both analyses yielded comparable results, with patients on CAPD and HD having about threefold higher AGE- or CML-concentrations in their serum. Our data suggest that ELISA assays for CML should be useful for the clinical measurement of AGEs in serum proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA.
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Degenhardt
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grass
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Thorpe
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Diamandis
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Baynes
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D012016:Reference Values; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014511:Uremia / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D001798:Blood Proteins; D000939:Epitopes; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; C048496:N(6)-carboxymethyllysine; D008239:Lysine