title: Seroreactivity to human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particles is lower in high-risk men than in high-risk women.
abstract: Seroreactivity to human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) virus-like particles (VLPs) in men attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Denmark (n = 219) and Greenland (n = 88) was compared with seroreactivity in women attending the same clinics and was furthermore related to epidemiologic variables and concurrent HPV DNA detection. Risk factors for male seropositivity in Denmark were lifetime number of sex partners, a history of STDs, and sexual preference and in Greenland were ever having had syphilis and years at school. Although men reported significantly more sex partners, the mean seroreactivity was significantly lower in men than in women: 0.50 and 0.75, respectively, in Denmark and 0.53 and 0.86 in Greenland (P = .0001). Male seropositivity was not correlated with concurrent HPV DNA detection, but only 15 Danish and 6 Greenlandic men had HPV-16 DNA. Presence of HPV-16 VLP antibodies appears to be a biomarker for exposure to genital HPVs in men but is less sensitive than in women.
authors.affiliation: Danish Cancer Society, Division for Cancer Epidemiology, and Copenhagen Outpatient Venereal Clinic, Rudolph Berghs Hospital, Copenhagen.
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Svare
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kjaer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nonnenmacher
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Worm
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moi
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: van den Brule
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Walboomers
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Hubbert
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lowy
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Schiller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006116:Greenland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D013587:Syphilis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral