title: Predicting PTSD in trauma survivors: prospective evaluation of self-report and clinician-administered instruments.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examined the ability of commonly used questionnaires and a structured clinical interview to predict PTSD in recent trauma survivors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horowitz's Impact of Event Scale (IES), Speilberger's State Anxiety (SANX) and the Peri Traumatic Dissociation Questionnaire (PDEQ) were administered one week post-trauma to 239 traumatised individuals recruited from a general hospital emergency room. The IES, the SANX, the civilian version of the Mississippi Scale for Combat Related PTSD (MISS), and the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) were administered one month and four months post-trauma. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was used with these data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All questionnaires were better than chance at predicting PTSD. The so-called PTSD questionnaires (IES and MISS) were not better than the more general ones. No difference in predictive value was found when questionnaires were carried out one week or one month after a trauma. Recovery was better predicted than PTSD, and the CAPS was better than the questionnaires.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of psychometrics and clinical interviews to predict PTSD should be guided by clinical relevance and by the availability of resources.
authors.affiliation: Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Shalev
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Freedman
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peri
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brandes
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sahar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000523:psychology*