title: Human salmonellosis associated with exotic pets.
abstract: During the period from 1994 to 1996, an increase in the number of laboratory-confirmed cases of human salmonellosis associated with exposure to exotic pets including iguanas, pet turtles, sugar gliders, and hedgehogs was observed in Canada. Pet turtle-associated salmonellosis was recognized as a serious public health problem in the 1960s and 1970s, and in February 1975 legislation banning the importation of turtles into Canada was enacted by Agriculture Canada. Reptile-associated salmonellosis is once again being recognized as a resurgent disease. From 1993 to 1995, there were more than 20,000 laboratory-confirmed human cases of salmonellosis in Canada. The major source of Salmonella infection is food; however, an estimated 3 to 5% of all cases of salmonellosis in humans are associated with exposure to exotic pets. Among the isolates from these patients with salmonellosis, a variety of Salmonella serotypes were also associated with exotic pets and included the following: S. java, S. stanley, S. poona, S. jangwani, S. tilene, S. litchfield, S. manhattan, S. pomona, S. miami, S. rubislaw, S. marina subsp. IV, and S. wassenaar subsp. IV.
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory for Enteric Pathogens, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. david_woodward@inet.hwc.ca
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Woodward
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khakhria
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000382:microbiology*; D002170:Canada; D006364:Hedgehogs; D006801:Humans; D007076:Iguanas; D008116:Lizards; D011898:Ranidae; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D012703:Serotyping; D014426:Turtles; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology