title: Potential increased risk of virus transmission due to exclusion of older donors because of concern over Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concern over the theoretical possibility of disease transmission via blood from donors who develop Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease has led to proposals to exclude older individuals from donating plasma for further manufacture into pooled plasma donations. The impact of extending this age-deferral policy to blood donors was examined with respect to the risk for known transmissible viruses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic characteristics and confirmed prevalence rates (/10(5) first-time donations) and incidence rates (/10(5) person-years for repeat donors) for viral markers were compared for donors < 50 years old (n = 1,259,805 [85%]) and > or = 50 years old (n = 219,856 [15%]) and for donors < 60 years old (n = 1,409,176 [95%]) and > or = 60 years old (n = 70,485 [5%]). Incidence rates were combined with infectious window-period estimates for each virus, to calculate the risk of virus transmission per 10(6) donations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unadjusted prevalence rates were significantly greater for younger than for older donor groups for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) (p < or = 0.05). Incidence rates (and transmission risk estimates) for HBsAg were significantly higher in the < 50 donor group than in the > or = 50 group (p < or = 0.05), and those for HIV, human T-lymphotropic virus, and HCV were not significantly higher (p > 0.05). Blanket removal of donors over the age of 50 would potentially lead to the following significant increases in the risk of infected units: HIV, 12 percent; HCV, 21 percent; and hepatitis B virus (HBsAg), 22 percent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Removal of donors over the age of 60 would not significantly affect the risk of infected units. Deferral of donors > or = 50 years of age from whole-blood donations for unfounded concerns about Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease could have adverse effects on both blood availability and safety.
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Glynn
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Schreiber
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D001782:Blood Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D065227:Transfusion Reaction