title: Ibuprofen inhibits rat brain deamidation of anandamide at pharmacologically relevant concentrations. Mode of inhibition and structure-activity relationship.
abstract: The ability of rat brain (minus cerebellum) homogenates to deamidate arachidonyl ethanolamide (anandamide) was determined with a custom-synthesized substrate, arachidonyl ethanolamide-[1-3H] ([3H]anandamide). Conditions whereby initial velocities were measured were established. The homogenates deamidated anandamide with a Km value of 0.8 microM and a Vmax value of 1.73 nmol . (mg protein)-1 . min-1. The deamidation of 2 microM -3H-anandamide was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone with IC50 values of 3.7 and 0.23 microM, respectively. Ibuprofen inhibited anandamide deamidation in a mixed fashion, with Ki and K'i values of 82 and 1420 microM. At an anandamide concentration of 2 microM, the IC50 values (in microM) of a series of compounds related in structure to ibuprofen were as follows: suprofen, 170; ibuprofen, 270; fenoprofen, 480; naproxen, 550; ketoprofen, 650; diclofenac, approximately 1000. Sulindac produced 27% inhibition at a concentration of 1000 microM, whereas isobutyric acid, hydrocinnamic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and acetaminophen were essentially inactive at concentrations </= 1 mM. We conclude that ibuprofen inhibits anandamide deamidation at pharmacologically relevant concentrations and that there is some specificity to the inhibition produced by ibuprofen and suprofen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Umeâ University, Umeâ, Sweden.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tiger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stenström
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D051381:Rats; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; C078814:anandamide; D007052:Ibuprofen