title: Cervical funneling: sonographic criteria predictive of preterm delivery.
abstract: Our objective was to establish sonographic criteria that are predictive of preterm delivery in patients with internal os dilatation (funneling). The study population consisted of patients with cervical funneling identified on translabial or transvaginal ultrasound examination. Funnel length, functional length, percentage funneling and funnel width were evaluated for their predictive values for preterm delivery. In the 43 patients who met the study criteria, funneling was detected at a mean gestational age of 21.4 weeks (range 16-28). Twenty-three of 31 patients (74%), manually examined immediately following the ultrasound examination, had a closed cervix. Preterm delivery occurred in 42% of patients. Funnel length of > or = 16 mm, functional length of < or = 20 mm, funneling of > or = 40% and funnel width of > or = 14 mm correlated significantly with preterm delivery. Patients with funneling of < 25%, 25-50% and > 50% had preterm delivery rates of 17%, 29% and 79%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Berghella
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuhlman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Texeira
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wapner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010298:Parity; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*; D002581:Uterine Cervical Incompetence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*