title: Ganglioside and neurotrophic growth factor interactions in retinal neuronal and glial cells.
abstract: Ganglioside (GG) and neurotrophic growth factor (GF) interactions in retinal neuronal and glial cells have been very little studied. Rat retinas were mechanically separated into outer (photoreceptor or PR) and inner (other neurons, IR) halves by planar vibratome sectioning and retinal Müller glial (RMG) cells were isolated and cultured according to previously published methods. The distribution on a percent molar basis of individual GG was different between the two halves: PR were dominated by GD3 (48% total GG) and contained only trace amounts (< 4%) of complex species (GT1b, GQ); IR was more typical of mature brain tissue, exhibiting substantial amounts (approximately 25%) of more complex GG. The GG profile of RMG cells was also simple, dominated by GM3 (60%) and GD1a (20%). A single addition to the medium of 500 pM bFGF or EGF for 48 hr to cultured RMG cells led to significant increases in total GG levels of 30-40%. Such treatments by both growth factors induced increases in GM3, whereas longer exposure (96 hr) of confluent RMG to these factors additionally stimulated synthesis of more complex GG. Incubations of RMG with [3H]-glucosamine showed that GG synthesis was 2-fold stimulated by growth factors. We also tested the effect of GM3 on one of the bFGF receptor transduction pathways, namely PI-3 kinase activation. To our knowledge these data constitute the first demonstration of neurotrophic factor stimulation of GG levels in cells of CNS in vitro. Such complex interactions may have particularly important consequences for neural physiopathology.
authors.affiliation: INSERM CJF 92/02, Clinique Ophtalmologique HUS, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dreyfus
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meuillet
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guérold
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fontaine
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Heidinger
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sahel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hicks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005732:Gangliosides; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor