title: Regulation of the pp72syk protein tyrosine kinase by platelet integrin alpha IIb beta 3.
abstract: pp72syk is essential for development and function of several hematopoietic cells, and it becomes activated through tandem SH2 interaction with ITAM motifs in immune response receptors. Since Syk is also activated through integrins, which do not contain ITAMs, a CHO cell model system was used to study Syk activation by the platelet integrin, alpha IIb beta 3. As in platelets, Syk underwent tyrosine phosphorylation and activation during CHO cell adhesion to alpha IIb beta 3 ligands, including fibrinogen. This involved Syk autophosphorylation and the tyrosine kinase activity of Src, and it exhibited two novel features. Firstly, unlike alpha IIb beta 3-mediated activation of pp125FAK, Syk activation could be triggered by the binding of soluble fibrinogen and abolished by truncation of the alpha IIb or beta 3 cytoplasmic tail, and it was resistant to inhibition by cytochalasin D. Secondly, it did not require phosphorylated ITAMs since it was unaffected by disruption of an ITAM-interaction motif in the SH2(C) domain of Syk or by simultaneous overexpression of the tandem SH2 domains. These studies demonstrate that Syk is a proximal component in alpha IIb beta 3 signaling and is regulated as a consequence of intimate functional relationships with the alpha IIb beta 3 cytoplasmic tails and with Src or a closely related kinase. Furthermore, there are fundamental differences in the activation of Syk by alpha IIb beta 3 and immune response receptors, suggesting a unique role for integrins in Syk function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Zoller
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Brugge
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shattil
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D016466:CHO Cells; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D017354:Point Mutation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D000072377:Syk Kinase
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D005340:Fibrinogen; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; C000606896:SYK protein, human; D000072377:Syk Kinase