title: Environmental health conditions in remote and rural aboriginal communities in western Australia.
abstract: During 1994-1995 environmental health conditions of about 13,760 persons in 155 remote and rural Aboriginal communities in 20 local shires in Western Australia (WA) were surveyed. A semiquantitative questionnaire sought data about the communities and their services, including water supplies, power, sanitation and disposal of solid and liquid waste; a separate section dealt with conditions of individual dwellings. Data were recorded by experienced local workers. Thirty-five communities considered to have the worst conditions were evaluated on-site by a team of senior personnel in mid-1995. Environmental health problems were prevalent and often serious: over one-third of the communities had water supply or sanitation problems and 70 per cent had housing problems, with overcrowding and substandard housing being commonplace. Thirty-six per cent had difficulties with waste water disposal, 37 per cent had no rubbish disposal, and in others, the methods of disposal were often inadequate; pests were problems in 44 per cent of communities and the hygiene and maintenance of communal toilets was unacceptable in 25 per cent. Seventy-two per cent had no on-site environmental health worker and 44 per cent had no on-site or visiting medical, nursing or health worker personnel. An action plan was developed and the highest-priority communities were targeted in a program of major works (for example, housing, drainage and sewerage) and minor works, which have been commenced. The remote-area environmental health workers' program is being expanded. Increased intersectoral collaboration and enhanced community involvement in decision making have occurred as a result of this work.
authors.affiliation: Office of Aboriginal Health, Health Department of Western Australia, Perth.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gracey
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Houston
mesh_terms: D002669:Child Welfare; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003153:Community Health Services; D004782:Environmental Health; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012423:Rural Health; D012498:Sanitary Engineering; D014904:Western Australia