title: Recovery of some common solvents from an adhesive commercial skin adsorption pad by thermal desorption-gas chromatography.
abstract: A thermal desorption-gas chromatography (GC) system was developed for use with commercial adhesive plasters used for monitoring exposure of hands to common solvents. The efficiency of solvent adsorption on the activated carbon pads located on the plasters was determined for acetone, trichloroethylene, D-limonene, methanol, ethyl methyl ketone, toluene, tetrachloroethylene and m-xylene. The degree of solvent recovery for the system was also investigated for each solvent, as was its sensitivity and reproducibility. All solvents exhibited > 90% adsorption on the pads at spiking levels of 100-200 ng for each solvent, except for m-xylene and d-limonene. Solvent recovery was dependent on the volatility of the solvent at spiking volumes of about 1 microliter per pad with solvents with boiling points above 110 degrees C showing recoveries of < 75%. Increasing primary desorption times and temperatures increased these values. The precision was good with RSD < 5% for all solvents over the range 0.5-5.0 microliters of applied solvent. It was possible to detect 15-60 ng of each solvent component within solvent mixtures on the pads with the exception of D-limonene. It is concluded that all solvents tested except D-limonene can be determined on the pads under the conditions for thermal desorption-GC analysis described. The pads were used under protective gloves with six workers using xylene isomers as solvent in the workplace, when apparent solvent breakthrough through their gloves was observed.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical and Environmental Analysis Group, School of Health Sciences, University of Sunderland, UK.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Rowell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Packham
mesh_terms: D002617:Chemical Industry; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents