title: Evaluation of laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication as a primary repair for all patients with medically resistant gastroesophageal reflux.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This prospective study assesses the outcome results in 100 consecutive patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) treated with a laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication.
  
  
  METHODS
  GERD was confirmed by 24-h pH study and/or esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Pre- and postoperative symptoms, operative times, and perioperative complications were recorded on standardized data forms. Early follow-up was at 3 months and late follow-up, including 24-h pH, manometry, and EGD was at 22 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative symptoms included heartburn (92%), regurgitation (58%), water brash (39%), and dysphagia (39%). Mean operative time was 3.2 hours. There were no conversions to celiotomy and there were no mortalities. The perioperative complication rate was 14%; 6% (5/83) of patients reported heartburn at 3 months and 20% (15/74) at 22 months. Early and late dysphagia was 20% (17/83) and 9% (7/74), respectively; 24-h pH testing was abnormal in 90% of symptomatic patients (9/10), 39% of asymptomatic patients (12/31), and 51% overall.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite early improvement in reflux symptoms following laparoscopic Toupet fundoplications, there is a high incidence of recurrent GERD. Symptomatic follow-up underestimates the true incidence of 24-h pH-documented reflux. Based on these results we cannot recommend the laparoscopic Toupet repair for GERD patients with normal esophageal motility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Jobe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Swanstrom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000379:methods*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome