title: Adverse reactions to fluconazole: illustrative case with focus on desensitization.
abstract: Fluconazole is an azole antifungal agent. Because it can be taken orally, it is preferred over amphotericin B for long-term treatment. Indications for fluconazole are increasing. Reports of hypersensitivity have been described. If adequate alternative therapy is not available, desensitization may be necessary. Desensitization with fluconazole has not been described. The patient described in this report required fluconazole and was successfully desensitized after manifesting a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction. The patient underwent desensitization during a 15-day period. The starting dose was less than 0.001 dose, with doubling each day. During desensitization, the patient experienced a slight transient rash that resolved with continued therapy. After desensitization, he has continued using fluconazole daily without adverse effects. This report indicates that desensitization to fluconazole can be accomplished safely in selected patients. A suggested desensitization protocol is provided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Craig
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic / Q000379:methods; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016919:Meningitis, Cryptococcal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D015725:Fluconazole