title: Phenotype, cytokine production and cytolytic capacity of fresh (uncultured) tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes in human renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: We investigated the phenotype and functional capacities of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), freshly isolated from primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) specimens (n = 20). Three-colour flow cytometry immunophenotyping revealed that RCC TIL consist mainly of CD3+ T cells, with a clear predominance of CD4- CD8+ over CD4+ CD8- T cells, and a marked population of CD4+ CD8+ T cells. Natural killer (NK) cells were also strongly represented (> 25% in 15 of 20 tumour samples), while B cells constituted a minor TIL subset (< 5% in 18 of 20 tumour samples). More importantly, the T and NK cells within the tumour displayed a significantly higher expression of the early activation marker CD69 than their counterparts in adjacent normal renal tissue and in peripheral blood. Expression of CD54 and of HLA-DR was also elevated on CD3+ TIL, and HLA-DR expression was further vigorously up-regulated following ex vivo stimulation with anti-CD3, all suggesting enhanced immune activity within the tumour microenvironment. CD3+ CD4+ TIL displayed a normal capacity to up-regulate CD25 expression and to secrete both Th1-type (IL-2, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)) and Th2-type (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) cytokines upon triggering with anti-CD3. Furthermore, cytokine production was susceptible to modulation by CD28 costimulation. CD3+ CD8+ TIL, on the other hand, consistently demonstrated a poor up-regulation of CD25 upon triggering with anti-CD3, and displayed poor ex vivo cytolytic activity in an anti-CD3-redirected 4-h cytotoxicity assay against murine P815 cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that the CD3+ CD4+ TIL in RCC have normal functional capacities, whereas the proportionally major CD3+ CD8+ TIL are functionally impaired. The relevance of these findings to the in vivo local immune response in RCC is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Van den Hove
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Van Gool
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Poppel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baert
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coorevits
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van Damme
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ceuppens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D017252:CD3 Complex; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma