Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific T cell responses correlate with control of acute HIV-1 infection in macaques.
Macaca nemestrina efficiently control acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. The roles of helper (Th) and cytotoxic (CTL) T cells in controlling acute HIV-1 infection in both peripheral blood and lymph node mononuclear cells (PBMC and LNMC) were assessed in this model. Th and CTL responses to HIV-1 were detected within 2 weeks following HIV-1 infection, and CTL responses to HIV-1 antigens peaked at 4 weeks after infection (>100 HIV-specific CTL/10[6] PBMC), coincident with reductions of HIV-1 RNA and DNA levels in peripheral blood. HIV-1-specific Th and CTL were present in LNMC 6 weeks after infection. Although HIV-1 antibodies were detected 2 weeks after infection, maximal HIV-1 antibody responses were not generated until > 13 weeks after inoculation. Thus, T cell responses temporally correlate with control of HIV-1 in macaques. The induction of a brisk HIV-1-specific CTL response may have been facilitated by a persistent Th response.
Kent
S J
SJ
Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield, Victoria, Australia.
Woodward
A
A
Zhao
A
A
D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D008254:Macaca nemestrina; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology
D004279:DNA, Viral