title: Serum CA-125 measurements > 65 U/mL. Clinical value.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the prevalence of various conditions associated with serum CA-125 values > 65 U/mL, to calculate the odds ratios of different ranges of high CA-125 in predicting cancer and to study the effect of menopause and the presence of a mass on the predictive value of high serum CA-125.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of the diagnoses in 313 consecutive women seen at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation whose serum CA-125 was > 65 U/mL was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using crosstabulation, chi 2, Fisher's exact test and the odds ratio.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with serum CA-125 > 65 U/mL, gynecologic cancers, nongynecologic cancers and non-malignant conditions constituted 74.3%, 10.2% and 13.1% of diagnoses, respectively. In patients with serum CA-125 > or = 1,000 U/mL, the same conditions were responsible for 89%, 7% and 3% of diagnoses, respectively. Endometriosis and metastatic breast cancer were the most common benign condition and nongynecologic cancer associated with serum CA-125 > 65 U/mL. The presence of an abdominopelvic mass significantly increased the risk of malignancy (P < .00005). Approximately 90% of patients with CA-125 > 65 U/mL and no mass had nonmalignant disease. The diagnoses of serum CA-125 values > 65 U/mL varied significantly in premenopausal versus postmenopausal patients. Postmenopausal patients had a higher incidence of gynecologic (P = .002) and nongynecologic (P = .0008) cancers and lower incidence of benign conditions (P < .0005). The odds ratio that CA-125 levels were associated with cancer increased as the level of CA-125 increased. The odds ratio of malignant versus benign disease was significantly higher in post-menopausal patients for all intervals of CA-125 levels until the level of > or = 1,000 U/mL was reached.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients seen at a tertiary center, serum CA-125 measurements > 65 U/mL were associated with nonmalignant conditions in 13% of patients. Although higher serum CA-125 levels were more associated with gynecologic malignancies, no level of CA-125 occurred exclusively with gynecologic cancers. In postmenopausal patients with serum CA-125 values > 65 U/mL and in patients with serum CA-125 values > 65 U/mL and an abdominopelvic mass, subspecialty consultation should be considered before proceeding to surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Eltabbakh
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Belinson
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Blumenson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000097:blood*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood; D017698:Postmenopause; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D018394:CA-125 Antigen