[New anti-cancer drugs for gastrointestinal cancers].
Promising new drugs for gastrointestinal cancers in clinical phase II studies in Japan were reviewed. Treatment with l-Leucovorin (l-LV, combined with 5-FU), S-1, a methionine-free intravenous amino acid solution (AO-90), BOF-A2, and interferon (combined with 5-FU), is based on biochemical modulation-related 5-FU. With combination of l-LV and 5-FU, response rates of over 30% were reported in clinical rate phase II studies for gastric and colorectal cancers respectively. S-1, a new oral tegaful pulse modulator, showed a response rate of 53.6% (in eligible cases) in early phase II studies for gastric cancer. Except for other than biochemical modulation drugs, 254-S (new cisplatin derivatives), CPT-11 (camptothecin derivatives) and docetaxel are also promising for gastrointestinal cancers. These drugs showed activity against advanced gastrointestinal cancers, suggesting that further clinical studies of these drugs combined with other active chemotherapy agents are warranted.
Sasaki
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Division of Chemotherapy, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Japan.
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000931:Antidotes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077146:Irinotecan; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D043823:Taxoids
C068810:AO 90; D000596:Amino Acids; D000931:Antidotes; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D000077146:Irinotecan; D007372:Interferons; C053194:Emitefur; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin