title: High prevalence of bone disorders after gastrectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies indicate that gastrectomy might alter calcium and bone metabolism, resulting in bone disorders. No data are currently available on the prevalence of bone disorders after gastrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty gastrectomy patients were investigated for serum parameters of calcium and bone metabolism 5 to 20 years postoperatively and compared to an age- and sex-matched healthy control population. Forty patients agreed to a radiological investigation of the spine by anterior-posterior and lateral radiographs of the thoracic and lumbar spine and by computed tomography (CT) osteodensitometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum calcium and 25-(OH)-vitamin D were decreased in gastrectomized patients, while parathyroid hormone and 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D were increased. Serum parameters of calcium metabolism were altered in as many as 68% of patients. We found 31 vertebral fractures in 13 patients, 30 grade 2 vertebral deformities in 18 patients, and osteopenia in 15 patients, corresponding to a prevalence of 33%, 45%, and 37% in gastrectomized patients, respectively. The overall rate of gastrectomy patients having vertebral fractures and/or osteopenia was 55%. The risk of having a vertebral deformity was increased by more than sixfold after gastrectomy. Our study is the first report evaluating vertebral deformities in gastrectomized patients, and the largest series of gastrectomized patients investigated by CT osteodensitometry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a high prevalence of bone disorders in gastrectomized patients, possibly resulting from disorders in calcium metabolism. Postgastrectomy bone disease might derive from a calcium deficit, which increases calcium release from bone and impairs calcification of newly build bone matrix.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Department of Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Zittel
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zeeb
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zwirner
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liebich
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Starlinger
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000601:surgery; D015519:Bone Density; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002128:Calcium Metabolism Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011178:Postgastrectomy Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000601:surgery; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium