title: CD28 costimulation and T lymphocyte proliferative responses in HIV-1 infection.
abstract: To investigate whether defective costimulatory signals could be involved in the loss of T lymphocyte functions during HIV-1 infection, we tested the effect of CD28 costimulation on both T cell receptor/CD3 and HIV-1 antigen-induced proliferative responses. Although CD3-mediated responses significantly decreased with more advanced stages of HIV-1 infection, the ability of potentiating the responses through CD28 costimulation was maintained at all stages and did not differ from that of HIV-1- subjects. When CD28 costimulation was studied in lymphocyte cultures stimulated with HIV-1 gp160 or p24, potentiation was seen only when a significant response was present without additional CD28 triggering, namely in subjects receiving active immunization with recombinant gp160. These results confirm the integrity of the CD28 pathway of costimulation during HIV-1 infection, and suggest that lymphocytes responding to soluble HIV-1 antigen are not deleted in HIV-1-infected patients, but do not receive significant priming during the natural course of the infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carlesimo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pontesilli
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Varani
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mazzone
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosso
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cassone
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paganelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aiuti
mesh_terms: D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000276:immunology; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D018106:CD28 Antigens; D017252:CD3 Complex; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160