title: Occurrence, distribution, and associations of O and H serogroups, colonization factor antigens, and toxins of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
abstract: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a leading cause of infectious diarrhea worldwide. Four categories of antigens have been commonly studied: O serogroup, H serogroup, colonization factor antigens (CFA), and toxins. A database has been complied from published reports of nearly 1,000 ETEC isolates from 18 locations and analyzed to determine the occurrence, distribution, and associations of O serogroup, H serogroup, CFA, and toxin type. Tables listing the associations of antigens are presented. This analysis documents the widespread nature and variety of ETEC. Even the most common combination of antigens, O6:H16 CFA/II LTST, accounted for only 11% of the ETEC isolates in the database. It was isolated from 12 locations. Many phenotypes occurred only once. CFA detection based on enzyme-linked antibodies with polyclonal sera is suggested as the preferred assay. A combination of CFA and toxin-based antigens is suggested as the most practical vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA. WolfM@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Wolf
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins; D006801:Humans; D019081:O Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012703:Serotyping
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D004768:Enterotoxins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C022863:H antigen; D019081:O Antigens; C022924:colonization factor antigens; C034151:heat stable toxin (E coli); D036781:Fimbriae Proteins; C027538:heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli