title: Increased sensitivity of HIV-1 antibody detection.
abstract: Clinical trial results from 11,344 paired urine and serum samples revealed 1,181 HIV-1-positive individuals confirmed by western blot (WB). There were 25 discrepant samples: 10 were urine enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and WB positive, serum non-reactive and serum WB negative or indeterminate, and 15 were serum EIA and WB positive, urine EIA non-reactive or urine WB negative or indeterminate. Serum samples, HIV-1 antibody WB confirmed, revealed a 99.15% sensitivity (1,171 out of 1,181); urine samples, HIV-1 antibody WB confirmed, showed a 98.73% sensitivity (1,166 out of 1,181). This study demonstrated that neither serum nor urine results alone are as sensitive for HIV-1 antibody detection as combined results of both samples.
authors.affiliation: Calypte Biomedical, California 94710, USA. hervdoc@aol.com
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Urnovitz
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sturge
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Gottfried
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies