title: The effect of time and frequency of static stretching on flexibility of the hamstring muscles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Frequency and duration of static stretching have not been extensively examined. Additionally, the effect of multiple stretches per day has not been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal time and frequency of static stretching to increase flexibility of the hamstring muscles, as measured by knee extension range of motion (ROM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three subjects (61 men, 32 women) ranging in age from 21 to 39 years and who had limited hamstring muscle flexibility were randomly assigned to one of five groups. The four stretching groups stretched 5 days per week for 6 weeks. The fifth group, which served as a control, did not stretch.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were analyzed with a 5 x 2 (group x test) two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures on one variable (test).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The change in flexibility appeared to be dependent on the duration and frequency of stretching. Further statistical analysis of the data indicated that the groups that stretched had more ROM than did the control group, but no differences were found among the stretching groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that a 30-second duration is an effective amount of time to sustain a hamstring muscle stretch in order to increase ROM. No increase in flexibility occurred when the duration of stretching was increased from 30 to 60 seconds or when the frequency of stretching was increased from one to three times per day.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway 72035, USA.
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Bandy
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Irion
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Briggler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013848:Thigh / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors