title: 5-Fluorouracil versus folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil in advanced, hormone-resistant prostate cancer: a prospective randomized pilot trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Results of cytotoxic chemotherapy for hormone-resistant prostate cancer are not impressive. One of the substances which seems to have a therapeutic benefit is 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The effect of 5-FU can be modulated by addition of folinic acid (FA). We tested in a prospective, randomized phase II trial monotherapy with 5-FU versus the combination of 5-FU and high-dose FA.
  
  
  METHODS
  25 patients received 600 mg/m2 5-FU, and 24 patients 400 mg/m2 FA plus 600 or 400 mg/m2 5-FU. They were treated for two cycles for 5 days in a 21-day interval followed by a weekly single-day application until progression occurred. Pain remission, toxicity, time to progression and survival were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both regimens led to a pain remission in nearly 70% of the patients. Mucosal side effects like diarrhea and stomatitis occurred more often in the combination arm, whereas leukopenias were more frequent in the monotherapy are. We observed no statistically significant difference between the two treatment arms regarding time to progression and survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although both regimens led to a pain remission, side effects are too severe to recommend these protocols for standard treatment of hormone-resistant prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Breul
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jakse
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lampel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rohani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hartung
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000728:Androgens / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010148:Intractable Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil