title: False-positive endotoxemia derives from gauze glucan after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of false-positive endotoxemia after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis. The chromogenic conventional limulus test (Toxicolor test) revealed transiently increased blood endotoxin levels after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, clinical signs of endotoxemia were not observed in all of the cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre- and postoperative changes of blood endotoxin levels and beta-glucan were measured in 20 patients with liver cirrhosis who underwent hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma, using the Toxicolor test, the Endospecy test (which specifically reacts with endotoxin) and the Gluspecy test (which specifically reacts with beta-glucan). The changes in endotoxin levels and beta-glucan in ascitic fluid during surgery were also studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Toxicolor test revealed transiently increased blood endotoxin levels, but Endospecy test results were not elevated. The changes in the Gluspecy test were almost the same as in the Toxicolor test. During surgery, beta-glucan levels in the ascitic fluid increased remarkably due to their release from the surgical gauze. Digestion studies using 1-3-beta-D-glucanase on specimens which showed high Toxicolor and Gluspecy test values resulted in a lack of response for both tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cause of false-positive endotoxemia was determined to be caused by beta-glucan, which was released from the surgical gauze.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawagoe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takagi
mesh_terms: D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005936:Glucans / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008033:Limulus Test; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015503:Surgical Sponges
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans