title: [Sickle cell anemia in children: value of hydroxyurea in severe forms].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sickling of red cells in patients with sickle cell anemia causes painful vaso-occlusive crises (VOC). Hydroxyurea (HU) has been shown to increase HbF production and therefore has the potential to prevent these crises in adult patients. This work aimed to confirm its clinical efficiency in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since 1993, eight children and adolescents (5-16 years old) with hemoglobinopathy (HbS > 65%) were given HU (14 to 27 mg/kg/day) for a mean duration of 10 months. We did a retrospective study about different data, especially inpatient days for VOC, pain intensity during these crises, individual transfusion requirements and HbF level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As the HbF levels increased, we observed a reduction of the inpatient days for VOC, of the pain intensity during these crises and of the mean number of units transfused per month.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HU is the first clinically acceptable drug shown to prevent painful crises in adults but also in children with sickle cell anemia. However, its effects and potential toxicity are still unknown and the other therapeutic possibilities have to be considered before starting a long-term treatment with HU.
authors.affiliation: Département universitaire de pédiatrie, CHR de la Citadelle, Liège, Belgique.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Oury
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoyoux
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Dresse
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chantraine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000986:Antisickling Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000986:Antisickling Agents; D006918:Hydroxyurea