title: Coronary artery calcium: alternate methods for accurate and reproducible quantitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine a more precise and accurate method of quantitating coronary artery calcium (CAC) detected with electron-beam computed tomography (CT) in patients with low CAC scores.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two 40-section, 3-mm-collimation, electrocardiographically gated electron-beam CT examinations of the heart were performed in each patient. Fifty patients with average scores between 2 and 100, as determined with the conventional scoring algorithm, were selected. The modified conventional scoring algorithm was compared with two techniques: calculated calcium volume and approximated calcium mass.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage difference between scans ranged from 37.2% for the conventional scoring method to 28.2% and 28.4% for volume- and mass-based methods, respectively. Increasing lesion size thresholds does not improve quantitative precision and reduces accuracy in patients with small amounts of CAC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantification methods based on calcification volume or mass decrease score variation compared with the conventional scoring method, and increased size threshold does not improve accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Greaser
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mather
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: McNitt-Gray
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Goldin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000737:chemistry*; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium