title: Diabetes in urban African Americans: functional health literacy of municipal hospital outpatients with diabetes.
abstract: Functional health literacy was assessed in 63 patients from the diabetes outpatient clinic, 20 from the general medicine clinic, and a total of 48 from two satellite medical clinics. All patients received a demographic questionnaire, visual screening, and the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults, an instrument with good validity and internal consistency used to measure the ability to read and understand medical instructions. Functional health literacy was adequate in only 47% of new patients at the diabetes clinic and only 25% of established patients at all sites. There were no significant differences in functional health literacy among established patients across all sites. Overall, patients' mean functional health literacy level was inadequate to marginal. Of the patients with inadequate functional health literacy, 43% denied difficulty in reading. Patient education strategies and materials are needed to address this important barrier to healthcare delivery.
authors.affiliation: Center for the Study of Adult Literacy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Nurss and Mss Lewis and Liao)
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Nurss
authors.affiliation: The School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs EI-Kebbi, Gallina, Ziemer, Musey and Phil­lips)
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: el-Kebbi
authors.affiliation: The School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs EI-Kebbi, Gallina, Ziemer, Musey and Phil­lips)
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Gallina
authors.affiliation: The School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs EI-Kebbi, Gallina, Ziemer, Musey and Phil­lips)
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Ziemer
authors.affiliation: The School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs EI-Kebbi, Gallina, Ziemer, Musey and Phil­lips)
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Musey
authors.affiliation: Center for the Study of Adult Literacy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Nurss and Mss Lewis and Liao)
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Center for the Study of Adult Literacy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Nurss and Mss Lewis and Liao)
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: The School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs EI-Kebbi, Gallina, Ziemer, Musey and Phil­lips)
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006773:Hospitals, Municipal; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population