title: Common association of HPV 2 with anogenital warts in prepubertal children.
abstract: Anogenital (AG) warts in 31 prepubertal children were HPV typed by nonisotopic in situ hybridization (NISH) using digoxigenin-labeled probes for human papilloma virus (HPV) types 1-5, 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 33. Mode of transmission was determined from historical, clinical, and laboratory data independent of HPV typing. HPV 2 was detected most commonly (13/31 warts) followed by HPV 6 (7/31), HPV 11 (5/31), and HPV 16 (1/31). Although not reaching statistical significance, our results suggested that a mucosal HPV type (6, 11, 16) in a child's AG warts implied transmission from mucosal warts and conversely cutaneous HPV 2 transmission from warts at a cutaneous site. HPV typing provided no helpful information regarding actual mode of transmission of AG warts in these children. The high prevalence of HPV 2 in children's AG warts and the low prevalence of sexual abuse (2 of 31 children) found in this study suggest innocent auto- or heteroinoculation from cutaneous warts may be a common means by which children acquire AG warts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Handley
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hanks
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bingham
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dinsmore
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Swann
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: McGee
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Leary
mesh_terms: D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012189:Retrospective Studies