title: Characterisation of genotoxic properties of 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine.
abstract: The genotoxic properties of 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine (dFdC) were characterised using diploid, mortal low-passage fibroblasts (LPF cells) and the spontaneously transformed fibroblast cell line V79. In both cell types, incorporation of dFdC into the DNA led to an increase of DNA single-strand breaks evaluated by an in situ nick translation assay and to an accumulation of cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle. At concentrations below those leading to cell cycle arrest, dFdC neither induced sister chromatid exchange (SCE) nor structural chromosome aberrations in LPF cells, whereas V79 cells accumulated SCEs as well as chromosome breaks over a broad dose range. In LPF cells treated with dFdC, chromosomal alterations were detected by the micronucleus assay within a narrow concentration range, whereas in V79 cells, a dose-dependent increase in the appearance of micronuclei was seen up to cytotoxic concentrations. In addition, V79 cells went into apoptosis, as evaluated by nuclear fragmentation and condensation, whereas this phenomenon was not detectable in LPF cells.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Applied Genetics, Univ. BOKU, Vienna, Austria. herbert.auer@akh-wien.ac.at
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Auer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oehler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sliutz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Orel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kucera
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glössl
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000633:toxicity*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004249:DNA Damage; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D009153:Mutagens; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000093542:Gemcitabine