title: Health impacts of large releases of radionuclides. Retrospective radiation dose assessment: an overview of physical and biological measures of dose.
abstract: Models to estimate population doses from environmental measurements, dietary radioactivity and lifestyle characteristics are useful for populations but difficult to apply accurately to an individual within the population. Individual biological and radiation dosimetry is limited to small numbers of persons and thus has limitations when considering larger groups or populations. Current direct biological indicators of dose are generally limited to doses above 0.1 Gy. New advances in improving the accuracy and sensitivity of these methods offer the promise of validating population estimates and specifying variance in individual doses. An integration of the two approaches will provide the support for more accurate radiation epidemiology and risk assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis 95616-1729, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D002138:Calibration; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers