title: Dysthymic disorder in clinically referred preschool children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This clinical and descriptive study examined the existence, phenomenology, and frequency of dysthymic disorder in a sample of clinically referred preschool children. In addition, the frequency of DSM-IV symptoms and the alternative research criterion for dysthymic disorder were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred consecutive preschool admissions (aged 2 to 6 years) to a child development unit were given a comprehensive evaluation by a treatment team. Data were collected from multiple informants based on the suitability of each source.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The findings indicated that eight children met criteria for dysthymic disorder according to the DSM-IV criteria and the alternative research criterion for dysthymic disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results support the existence of dysthymic disorder in preschool-age children. Recommendations are made for future versions of DSM as well as the appropriateness and significance of various sources of information, such as the child, parents, teachers, and clinician observations, for the evaluation of symptoms of dysthymic disorder in preschoolers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of Missouri-Columbia 65201, USA.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kashani
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Allan
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bledsoe
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019263:Dysthymic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012017:Referral and Consultation