title: Evaluation of combined toxic effects of GB/GF and efficacy of jielin injection against combined poisoning in mice.
abstract: A computer program (Q-test) was used to evaluate the combined toxic effects of nerve agent GF and its combined form with sarin (GB/GF) in mice. Efficacy of Jielin Injection, the 2-PAM-containing antidote used successfully in China for the treatment of organophosphate pesticide poisoning, was also evaluated and compared with HI-6 against single and combined poisonings. The two agents were basically additive in toxicity when combined. However, toxic signs (convulsions) appeared later in combined poisoning than after exposure to each agent alone. The protective ratio of Jielin Injection against GF poisoning was low but significantly higher when against poisoning by GB or combined agent. When HI-6 was substituted for 2-PAM, the antidote was more effective against poisoning by both single and combined agents. Results of in vitro reactivation of GF-inhibited human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase by these oximes agreed with the in vivo antidotal efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China. Dr. Chunyuan Luo@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001285:Atropine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001535:Benactyzine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000506:poisoning / Q000633:toxicity*; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012524:Sarin / Q000506:poisoning / Q000633:toxicity*; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds; D001535:Benactyzine; D001285:Atropine; D012524:Sarin; C028797:pralidoxime; C053914:cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate