title: Triazine dyes inhibit HIV-1 entry by binding to envelope glycoproteins.
abstract: We have attempted to purify envelope (Env) glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from the culture supernatants of CHO-Sec cells that secreted truncated 140-kDa precursor and mature 120-kDa Env glycoproteins. The concentrated culture supernatants were applied to a column coupled with cibacron blue 3GA (CB3GA) to separate albumin from the Env proteins because CB3GA, a triazine dye, has been known to have a high affinity to albumin. Unexpectedly, Env proteins as well as albumin bound to the column, and the bound Env proteins were eluted by increasing the ionic strength using KCl. Gp120 was eluted at 0.5-0.9 M of KCl, while a higher concentration (0.9-1.5 M) was necessary for the elution of gp140. The agarose gel coupled with reactive red 120 (RR120), another triazine dye with similar characteristics, also retained both Env proteins, and the bound Env proteins could be eluted in a similar manner. In addition, these agents inhibited syncytium formation caused by HTLV-IIIB and HTLV-IIIMN. Inhibition was also seen when a virus-free fusion assay between Env protein expressed in CHO cells and fluorescent labeled SupT1 cells were used. These findings indicate that triazine dyes bind to the functional regions of Env proteins of HIV-1 that play important role(s) for HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Kyoto University, Japan. thattori@virus1.virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakaida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016466:CHO Cells; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000378:metabolism*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012685:Sepharose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004396:Coloring Agents; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D014227:Triazines; C017842:cibacron blue-sepharose; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C097729:gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; C042516:reactive red 120 dye; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D012685:Sepharose