title: Right ventricular electrode lead implantation via a persistent left superior vena cava. An improved technique.
abstract: Persistent left superior vena cava occurs in approximately 0.5% of the population. This may complicate pacemaker implantation by making lead insertion difficult and causing lead instability through the left cephalic vein and the subclavian vein approach. We used a wide loop technique in the right atrium and successfully advanced the lead in the right ventricle apex. A persistent left superior vena cava does not preclude successful lead placement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: B N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Chiang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001132:Arm / Q000098:blood supply; D001367:Axillary Vein; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006325:Heart Atria; D006327:Heart Block / Q000628:therapy; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D013350:Subclavian Vein; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000002:abnormalities*