title: Identification of essential histidine residues in UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-T1.
abstract: UDP-N-acetyl-d-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGaNTases) catalyse the initial step of mucin-type O-glycosylation. The activity of bovine ppGaNTase-T1 isoenzyme was inhibited by diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC) modification. Activity was partially restored by hydroxylamine treatment, indicating that one of the reactive residues was a histidine. The transferase was protected against DEPC inactivation when UDP-GalNAc and EPO-G, a peptide pseudo-substrate PPDAAGAAPLR, were simultaneously present, while presence of EPO-G alone did not alter DEPC inactivation. However, inclusion of UDP-GalNAc alone potentiated DEPC-inhibition of the enzyme, suggesting that UDP-GalNAc binding changes the accessibility or reactivity of an essential histidine residue. Deletion of the first 56 amino acids (including one hisitidine residue) yielded a fully active secreted form of the bovine ppGaNTase-T1 enzyme. Each of the 14 remaining histidines in the enzyme were mutated to alanine, and the recombinant mutants were recovered from COS7 cells. The mutation of histidine residues His211-->Ala and His344-->Ala resulted in recombinant proteins with no detectable enzymic activity. A significant decrease in the initial rate of GalNAc transfer to the substrate was observed with mutants His125-->Ala and His341-->Ala (1% and 6% of wild-type activity respectively). Mutation of the remaining ten histidine residues yielded mutants that were indistinguishable from the wild-type enzyme. Mutagenesis and SDS/PAGE analysis of all N-glycosylation sequons revealed that positions N-95 and N-552 are occupied by N-linked sugars in COS7 cells. Ablation of either site did not perturb enzyme biosynthesis or enzyme activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Research, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wragg
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Tabak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002417:Cattle; D004047:Diethyl Pyrocarbonate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006031:Glycosylation; D006639:Histidine / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D017350:N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006639:Histidine; D017350:N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases; D004047:Diethyl Pyrocarbonate