title: Alterations of cell cycle regulatory genes in primary (de novo) and secondary glioblastomas.
abstract: Primary glioblastomas develop rapidly de novo through a genetic pathway characterized by amplification/overexpression of EGFR and of MDM2 genes. Secondary glioblastomas develop more slowly through progression from low grade or anaplastic astrocytoma and show a high incidence of a p53 mutation. In the present study, primary and secondary glioblastomas were analyzed for p16 deletions and CDK4 amplification by differential PCR and for loss of expression of the retinoblastoma (RB) gene by immunohistochemistry. Except for one case, alterations in the structure or expression of p16, CDK4 and RB were mutually exclusive. The overall incidence of aberrant expression of these genes coding for components of the cell-cycling-regulatory system was similar in primary (14/28; 50%) and secondary glioblastomas (9/23; 39%). However, p16 deletions were significantly more frequent in the former (10/28; 36%) than in the latter (1/23, 4%; P = 0.0075), suggesting that this alteration constitutes an additional genetic hallmark of the primary (de novo) glioblastoma.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Molecular Pathology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Biernat
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tohma
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yonekawa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kleihues
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohgaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005809:Genes, Regulator; D018816:Genes, cdc; D019942:Genes, p16 / Q000235:genetics; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; C495900:CDK4 protein, human; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases