Tobacco smoking and cancer: the promise of molecular epidemiology.
Neoplastic development is a multistage process that includes multiple genetic changes. In this article the authors review studies on molecular epidemiology of tobacco. Current concepts of the multistage carcinogenic model are reviewed, as are their use in observational studies. Finally, benzo[a]pyrene are analyzed as an example.
Wang
S S
SS
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Samet
J M
JM
D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D012906:Smoke / Q000032:analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014026:Nicotiana
D015415:Biomarkers; D002273:Carcinogens; D018736:DNA Adducts; D012906:Smoke; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene