title: Influence of soft tissue (fat and fat-free mass) on ultrasound bone velocity: an in vivo study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors determine the relative effect of soft-tissue compartments, body fat (percent [%Bfat] and weight [Bfat kg]) and fat-free mass (FFM kg), on measurements of ultrasound bone velocity (UBV m/second).
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors measured UBV in proximal phalanxes and body fat and fat-free mass by near infrared interactance in 40 healthy premenopausal women (mean age +/- standard deviation 28.2 +/- 3.8 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correlation study (Fisher's r to z) showed that UBV correlated negatively with %Bfat (r = -0.61, P < 0.0001), Bfat kg (r = -0.56, P = 0.0001) and marginally with body weight (r = -0.33, P = 0.0403), but did not correlate with FFM kg or H2O L (both r = -0.08, P not significant). When the correlation test was adjusted for weight and age (partial correlation), the negative correlation between UBV and %Bfat persisted (r = -0.54, P < 0.0005; and r = -0.63, P < 0.0001, respectively) and the correlation with FFM kg, adjusted for weight, became positive and significant (r = 0.55, P < 0.0005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results, to our knowledge, are the first to be obtained by in vivo evaluation of UBV in relation to body fat and fat-free mass. Body fat, but not fat-free mass, was the main factor affecting UBV. This confirms the deficiency of UBV measurements, considering that obesity is a protective factor for bone mass.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiodiagnostics, University of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aguado
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manuel
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Menéndez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Revilla
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rico
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000328:Adult; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D014463:Ultrasonography