The relationship between moderate hyperopia and academic achievement: how much plus is enough?
BACKGROUND
There is evidence linking uncorrected hyperopia in children with academic learning problems.


METHODS
This study was designed to test that hypothesis and--given supportive data--to then address a second topic: the minimal amount of uncorrected hyperopia that appears to impede elementary school performance.


RESULTS
The refractive status and achievement test scores of 782 first-through-fifth grade children were compared.


CONCLUSIONS
Statistical analysis indicated significantly lower achievement test scores among hyperopic children whose refractive errors exceeded 1.25 D (ANOVA F = 12.51; df = 4; p = 0.014).
Rosner
J
J
University of Houston, College of Optometry, Texas, USA.
Rosner
J
J
D002648:Child; D004522:Educational Status; D005139:Eyeglasses; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology; D009907:Optometry / Q000379:methods; D012029:Refraction, Ocular