title: Thyroid carcinoma associated with familial adenomatous polyposis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thyroid carcinoma is an extracolonic manifestation that is present in about 1% to 2% of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Less than 100 cases have been reported in detail. We have investigated the suggestion that FAP associated thyroid carcinoma is significantly different morphologically from both papillary and follicular types and can be considered as a separate entity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Specimens from three patients with FAP associated thyroid tumours, all but one having single nodules, have been analysed. All three patients belonged to an extended kindred (23 siblings in four generations) who had genetic analysis and intensive screening for thyroid nodules. Seven patients had the same APC mutation at codon 1061. Pathological examination revealed a typical papillary carcinoma, encapsulated variant, in all patients, with follicular areas in one case. All thyroid specimens, in addition to histological and immunohistological examinations, were also specifically studied for activation of the RET-PTC oncogene, that seems to be restricted to papillary thyroid carcinoma. Two of the three patients had RET-PTC activation (PTC1 isoform).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that the tumours were certainly papillary, at least in the present kindred. Further studies in different families are required for a better understanding of this peculiar tumour and of its biological behaviour.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Surgical Clinics, University of Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cetta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Toti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petracci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montalto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Disanto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lorè
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fusco
mesh_terms: D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D013954:Thyroglobulin / Q000032:analysis; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D013954:Thyroglobulin; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C093573:ret-PTC fusion oncoproteins, human