title: Psychosensory symptoms in bipolar disorder.
abstract: This study investigated psychosensory symptoms and their relationship to retrospective and prospective courses of illness, as well as therapeutic outcomes, in patients with bipolar disorder. Using the Silberman-Post Psychosensory Rating Scale (SP-PSRS), psychosensory symptoms were assessed in 51 patients who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 3rd Edition-Revised (DSM-III-R) criteria for bipolar disorder and in 39 healthy, normal controls. Patients with bipolar disorder were enrolled in a 3-year, double-blind, randomized study comparing the prophylactic efficacy of lithium or carbamazepine in the first year, a crossover to the other drug in the second year, and the combination of both medications in the third year. Psychosensory scores from patients with bipolar disorder were compared with scores from healthy controls and with a variety of retrospective and prospective course of illness and treatment variables. Psychosensory symptoms occurred frequently in patients with bipolar I and II disorders, but were rare in healthy controls. When depressed, patients with bipolar II disorder (n = 23) reported more psychosensory symptoms when compared to patients with bipolar I disorder (n = 28), and those with a history of rapid cycling (n = 29) reported more psychosensory symptoms when compared to patients without a history of rapid cycling (n = 21). Psychosensory symptoms were not related to response to carbamazepine, lithium, or the combination of both drugs. Although the presence of psychosensory symptoms is associated with some bipolar subtypes (patients with bipolar II disorder and patients with a history of rapid cycling), they do not appear to predict treatment response. Further studies are needed to assess the pathophysiologic implications of the presence of psychosensory symptoms and their potential implications, if any, for directing therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Section on Psychobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Denicoff
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Ketter
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Smith-Jackson
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Post
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008094:Lithium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010468:Perceptual Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D002220:Carbamazepine; D008094:Lithium