title: [Normative data on the verbal fluency test in the animal category in our milieu].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluate the performance on verbal fluency (VF) in our population in a Brazilian sample checking the influence of age and literacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  336 people without neurological or psychiatric complaints evaluated through Mini-Mental State Examination and VF (animals). For comparison, and to determine cut-off points, 65 people with cognitive loss followed at our clinic were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a mean of 13.8 animals in 1 minute, with the following distribution: illiterates, 11.9; up 4 years of education, 12.8; 4 to 7 years, 13.4; 8 years or more, 15.8 (p = 0.0001). In relation to age the means were: up to 64 years, 13.7; 65 years or more, 13.9. There was no difference between the two groups. The cut-off points were 9 for people under 8 years of education with a sensitivity of 75% for illiterates, 100% for low educational level (up 4 years), and 87% for middle level (4 to 7 years). The specificity was respectively 79%, 84%, and 88%. For the high educational level the mean was 13 with a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 67%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the VF (animals) there is a significant influence of schooling and different cut-off points should be used.
authors.affiliation: Disciplina de Neurologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Brucki
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Malheiros
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Bertolucci
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000828:Animal Population Groups; D000818:Animals; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007807:Language Tests / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014705:Verbal Behavior