title: Endozepine stupor in children.
abstract: Recurring episodes of stupor in adults have been shown to be related to increased levels of endozepines, which are endogenous ligands for the GABAA receptors. We report here two children presenting with recurrent episodes of stupor associated with fast EEG activity who had increased levels of endozepine-4 in plasma. Mass spectroscopy did not reveal commercially available benzodiazepines. Interictal endozepine-4 levels were normal. In one of the patients, administration of flumazenil (0.25 mg i.v.), a benzodiazepine inverse agonist, induced improvement of consciousness and attenuation of EEG fast activity. In conclusion, children presenting with recurrent episodes of stupor and EEG fast activity should be evaluated for endozepine levels and can be effectively treated with i.v. flumazenil.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pediatrics, University of Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soriani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrozzi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Carlo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plazzi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Provini
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rothstein
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tinuper
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bouquet
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lugaresi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Montagna
mesh_terms: D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D003128:Coma / Q000139:chemically induced*; D003243:Consciousness; D026261:Diazepam Binding Inhibitor; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019965:Neurocognitive Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D026261:Diazepam Binding Inhibitor