title: A Raman study on the C(4)=O stretching mode of flavins in flavoenzymes: hydrogen bonding at the C(4)=O moiety.
abstract: Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the hydrogen bonding at the C(4)=O moiety of the isoalloxazine nucleus in a series of flavins and flavoproteins. Isotope effects of Raman bands confirmed that the band observed around 1,710 cm(-1) is mainly derived from C(4)=O stretching vibrational mode. A linear correlation was observed between the frequency of C(4)=O stretching and the chemical shift of 13C(4), suggesting that the data from both Raman and NMR spectroscopies reflect a common perturbation, i.e., hydrogen bonding. The maximum difference of C(4)=O frequency among flavins and flavoproteins examined is 36 cm(-1) [1,723 cm(-1) for riboflavin-binding protein (Kim, M. and Carey, P.C. (1993) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 7015-7016) and 1,687 cm(-1) for the complex of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase with acetoacetyl-CoA]; the maximum difference of 40-70 kJ/mol in the hydrogen bonding strength at the C(4)=O exists among flavoproteins. By use of an empirical linear correlation between the frequency of C=O stretching and the bond length of the C=O, it is estimated that the maximum difference in the bond length among flavoproteins treated here is ca. 0.017 A. The hydrogen bonding at the C(4)=O in medium-chain and short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases becomes stronger upon complexation with substrate analogs. Since the hydrogen bonding at the C(4)=O is expected to enhance the electron-accepting capacity of the N(5) position, substrate-binding itself probably raises the reactivity of flavin, through enhancing the hydrogen bonding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hazekawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shichiri
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiga
mesh_terms: D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D005415:Flavins / Q000737:chemistry*; D005420:Flavoproteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D016014:Linear Models; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D005415:Flavins; D005420:Flavoproteins