title: Fractures of the base of the middle phalanx of the finger. Classification, management and long-term results.
abstract: We classified fractures of the base of the middle phalanx into five types: 1) single palmar fragment; 2) single dorsal fragment; 3) two main fragments; 4) not involving the articular surface, including epiphyseal separation in children; and 5) all others. Types 1 and 2 were subclassified into avulsion, split and split-depression. Surgery is recommended for unstable type-1 avulsion fractures, type-2 avulsions which may develop buttonhole deformities, and all fractures which displace articular cartilage surfaces. Long-term follow-up showed that surgical treatment which produced good stability and congruity gave good results. These should be the primary aims of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Okayama University Medical School and Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seno
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashizume
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Imatani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morito
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005383:Finger Injuries / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D016896:Treatment Outcome