title: The gene coding for the DOPA dioxygenase involved in betalain biosynthesis in Amanita muscaria and its regulation.
abstract: Genomic and cDNA clones derived from the gene (dodA) coding for DOPA dioxygenase, a key enzyme in the betalain pathway, were obtained from the basidiomycete Amanita muscaria. A cDNA library was established in the phage lambda ZapII and dodA clones were isolated using polyclonal antibodies raised against the purified enzyme. Their identity was confirmed by comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with the sequence of several tryptic peptide fragments of DOPA dioxygenase. The gene coded for a 228-amino acid protein that showed no homology to published sequences. The coding region was interrupted by five short introns. Regulation was shown to occur at the transcriptional level; the mRNA accumulated to high levels only in the coloured cap tissue. dodA was found to be a single-copy gene in A. muscaria. To our knowledge, this is the first gene from the betalain pathway to be cloned. It encodes a type of aromatic ring-cleaving dioxygenase that has not been previously described.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Phytogénetque cellulaire, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland. ursula.hinz@lpc.unil.ch
authors.forename: U G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Hinz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fivaz
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Girod
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zyrd
mesh_terms: D000545:Amanita / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D010582:Bacteriophage lambda / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D050858:Betalains; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000737:chemistry*; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050858:Betalains; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; D010105:Oxygenases; C108840:dodA protein, Amanita muscaria