title: Mucin-hypersecreting intraductal neoplasms of the pancreas: a precursor to cystic pancreatic malignancies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Muncin-hypersecreting intraductal pancreatic neoplasms were first described in 1982 and have been observed in increasing numbers since. They are observed primarily by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and are characterized by an intraductal papillary neoplasm that secretes thick mucin, causing pancreatic duct dilatation and obstructive pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients are presented, 14 male and six female, with an average age of 59 +/- 11 years. All patients presented with abdominal pain, and most had nausea and vomiting, weight loss, and documented pancreatitis. Of the preoperative studies, ERCP was positive in all patients. Computed tomography scan, endoscopic ultrasonogram, and cytologic findings were less sensitive. Tumor markers were only positive in one patient. All 20 patients were treated surgically. Nine underwent Whipple procedure, one patient had a total pancreatectomy, and nine had distal pancreatic resections. The first patient in the series did not have a pancreatic resection, and his disease evolved into a lethal cystadenocarcinoma causing his death 99 months later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histopathologic findings were interpreted as borderline malignant in 17 of the 20 patients, and three patients had evidence of invasive adenocarcinoma. Two of these three patients had nodal or distant metastases at the time of diagnosis, and all three died of adenocarcinoma. Seventeen of the patients are alive and well, although two of three with positive pancreatic margins have had recurrent symptoms and have been successfully reresected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mucin-producing intraductal papillary tumor of the pancreas is a newly described variant of pancreatic cancer. It presents with symptoms of pancreatitis and has a progressive but more indolent course than the more lethal invasive ductal cancers. Patients with unexplained pancreatitis should undergo ERCP investigation, and aggressive surgical therapy should be carried out because the prognosis for this lesion, when appropriately treated, is more favorable than the usual pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Madura
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Wiebke
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: O W
authors.initials: OW
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lehman
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism; D009325:Nausea; D010181:Pancreatic Cyst / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010195:Pancreatitis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014839:Vomiting; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D009077:Mucins