title: Lead exposure in ironworkers.
abstract: In adults, lead toxicity is most commonly caused by occupation in a lead industry. Whereas lead toxicity has been described in workers who are involved in bridge rehabilitation, as of this date there has been no systematic evaluation published regarding the conditions responsible for lead toxicity in ironworkers. This is a report of a study designed to identify risk factors for elevated blood-lead levels in ironworkers. One hundred fifty members of a 2,400-member local ironworkers union volunteered to have their blood drawn for lead and zinc protoporphyrin analysis and to complete a questionnaire regarding demographics, health, and occupation. The relationships between these variables and blood-lead level were analyzed using student's t-test, chi-square, and logistic regression. Current work on a lead job, rivet busting as the predominant job task, and cigarette smoking were all found to be significantly associated with elevated blood-lead level. Whereas cigarette smoking and current work with lead have been previously identified as risk factors for toxicity, interventions to prevent lead toxicity in ironworkers should also focus on work practices during rivet busting.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Emergency Medicine School of Public Health 60612, USA. forst-l@uic.edu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forst
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Persky
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Freels
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Conroy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008669:Metallurgy; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010150:Paint; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D007854:Lead; D007501:Iron