title: Critical stages of tumor growth regulation in transgenic mice harboring a hepatocellular carcinoma revealed by distinct patterns of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and transforming growth factor-beta mRNA production.
abstract: There is now good evidence that cytokines contribute to the regulation of tumor growth. The cytokine-driven modulation of tumor growth was investigated during the progression of a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in SV40 large T tumor antigen transgenic mice. In vivo, an increased rate of liver growth correlated with increased transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 mRNA expression, while the greatest amounts of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha mRNA were detected earlier during tumor development. Conversely, no particular alteration of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma mRNA production could be reported. In vitro, hepatocyte-like tumor cell lines established at two stages, either before or after HCC differentiation, were characterized. The early-stage-derived cell line produced TNF-alpha mRNA, but had barely detectable expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA, while later-stage-derived cell lines showed the reciprocal pattern. All cell lines displayed a lack of sensitivity to TNF-alpha, although some degree of sensitivity to TNF-alpha could be observed in the presence of actinomycin-D or after treatment with IFN-gamma. The early-stage-derived cell line was sensitive to the growth inhibitory effects of TGF-beta 1, but late-stage-derived tumor cell lines displayed a loss of sensitivity to TGF-beta 1 which correlated with the increased expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA. Altogether, this suggests that tumor cells contribute to the discrete TNF-alpha and TGF-beta 1 expression patterns during HCC progression. This model of HCC could be of valuable interest to assess the impact of various immunotherapeutic strategies on modulation of tumor growth.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Pathologies Infectieuses et Tumorales, INSERM U445, Paris, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romieu
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lacabanne
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kayibanda
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Antoine
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bennoun
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chouaib
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Guillet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viguier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D002455:Cell Division / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; D016207:Cytokines; D017931:DNA Primers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha