title: Bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors--a significant diagnostic problem.
abstract: The problems with classification and diagnosis of bronchopulmonary carcinoid and other neuroendocrine tumors are described in this paper. Single neuroendocrine cells and so-called neuroepithelial bodies found in normal bronchial epithelium are currently believed to constitute pulmonary components of an extensive neuroendocrine system. In view these opinions, it has appeared a need for a new, standardized nomenclature. Hence presently suggested classification of neuroendocrine carcinomas taking into account their histological structure, immunohistochemical as well as prognostic features starting from carcinoid tumors to small cell anaplastic carcinomas-includes three types of neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathological Anatomy of Lower Silesian Centre of Tuberculiosis, Wrocław.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kedra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jeleń
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Szkudlarek-Gruszczyńska
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leśkow
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001984:Bronchial Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D018959:CD57 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D048429:Cell Size; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000032:analysis; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000032:analysis; D016622:Silver Staining; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000032:analysis; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000032:analysis; D009626:Terminology as Topic
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018959:CD57 Antigens; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D016708:Synaptophysin; D013004:Somatostatin; D007633:Keratins; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase