The present state of occupational medicine in Poland.
Occupational medicine in Poland has a long tradition, dating back to the establishment of the first health-care institutions for industrial workers at an early stage of Poland's industrialization. Legal foundations of the industrial health-care system, based on the Soviet model, were enacted in 1953. During its most dynamic period of development (1970s and 1980s) the industrial health-care system provided medical services to about 6 million workers. The process of the political and economic transition in Poland began in 1989, and since 1991 there have been numerous transformations in the structure and function of industrial health services. The present article describes the main stages of the transformation process, occupational health training, research, advisory bodies, and the system for setting of hygienic standards.
Indulski
J
J
Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
Dawydzik
L
L
Jakubowski
M
M
D004501:Education, Medical / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D049673:History, 20th Century; D016272:Occupational Health; D009787:Occupational Medicine / Q000193:education / Q000266:history* / Q000639:trends; D011044:Poland; D011057:Politics; D012106:Research