title: Preventing hyponatremic encephalopathy: comparison of serum sodium and osmolality during operative hysteroscopy with 5.0% mannitol and 1.5% glycine distention media.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether isotonic 5.0% mannitol is superior to 1.5% glycine in preventing development of hyponatremic encephalopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, comparative study (Canadian Task Force classification II=2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Gynecology department of a community hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-two women undergoing operative hysteroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen blood serum chemical indicators analyzed preoperatively and postoperatively in 61 women undergoing operative hysteroscopy with 1. 5% glycine (group 1) were compared with those of 61 women having similar surgery with 5.0% mannitol (group 2). Fluid deficit (difference between input and output volume of distention fluid) was recorded, and differences between presurgical and postsurgical indicators of the two groups (mean difference score) were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean +/- SEM sodium difference scores of groups 1 and 2 were -1.73 +/- 0.42 mEq/L (range -7.00 to 2.00 mEq/L) and -5.04 +/- 1.07 mEq/L (range -36.00 to 3.00 mEq/L), respectively (p <0.01). Serum osmolality difference scores were -6. 88 +/- 1.36 mmol/L (range -13.00 to -1.00 mmol/L) and -1.87 +/- 0.35 mmol/L (range -3 to 15 mmol/L), respectively (p <0.01). Distention fluid deficits were 0.435 +/- 0.071 L (range 0-2.448 L) and 0.473 +/- 0.084 L (range 0-3.640 L), respectively (p = 0.862). Two women (3.4%) in group 1 and five (8.2%) in group 2 developed postoperative asymptomatic dilutional hyponatremia (p = 0.211), which was the only complication. Two of the five women in group 2 developed severe dilutional hyponatremia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that 5.0% mannitol distention fluid produces greater postoperative dilutional hyponatremia than 1.5% glycine, but hypo-osmolality does not occur with mannitol. Its use should lessen the risk of hyponatremic encephalopathy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Endoscopy and Laser Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, South Nassau Communities Hospital, Oceanside, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Milim
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Nathanson
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Haselkorn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001928:Brain Diseases, Metabolic / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005998:Glycine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008595:Menorrhagia / Q000601:surgery; D008796:Metrorrhagia / Q000601:surgery; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008353:Mannitol; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium; D005998:Glycine