title: Phosphodiesterase profiles of highly purified human peripheral blood leukocyte populations from normal and atopic individuals: a comparative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several previous reports have suggested an increased activity of cAMP phosphodiesterases (PDEs) and a higher sensitivity of these enzymes toward PDE inhibitors in leukocytes of patients suffering from atopic dermatitis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively analyze and compare the PDE expression and activity profile of highly purified populations of leukocytes from normal and atopic blood donors. In addition, the influence of PDE inhibitors on function of leukocytes from normal and atopic individuals was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Density gradient centrifugation, elutriation, and magnetic cell sorting techniques were used to purify eosinophils, monocytes, and B and T lymphocytes from peripheral human blood. Complementary DNA-polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze PDE4 subtype messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels in addition to PDE isoenzyme activities. PDE4 inhibitor sensitivity was determined in monocyte homogenates from both groups. Functionally, suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced synthesis of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in monocytes as well as phytohemagglutinin-induced T cell proliferation in peripheral blood mononuclear cell fractions by PDE4 and PDE3/4 inhibitors was compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Identical PDE activities and mRNA expression profiles were found in all cells from normal and atopic donors except that there was an increase in the mRNA levels of PDE4A and PDE4B2 in atopic T cells, which was, however, not reflected in overall PDE4A activity. In addition, no differences in sensitivity of the functional responses to PDE inhibitors were noted. The mixed PDE3/4 inhibitor zardaverine was a more potent inhibitor of T cell proliferation than rolipram, a selective PDE4 inhibitor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No evidence for alterations of PDE activities in atopy is provided by our findings.
authors.affiliation: Byk Gulden, Biochemistry Department, Konstanz, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gantner
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tenor
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gekeler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schudt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wendel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hatzelmann
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases