title: Scrambler and yotari disrupt the disabled gene and produce a reeler-like phenotype in mice.
abstract: Formation of the mammalian brain requires choreographed migration of neurons to generate highly ordered laminar structures such as those in the cortices of the forebrain and the cerebellum. These processes are severely disrupted by mutations in reelin which cause widespread misplacement of neurons and associated ataxia in reeler mice. Reelin is a large extracellular protein secreted by pioneer neurons that coordinates cell positioning during neurodevelopment. Two new autosomal recessive mouse mutations, scramble and yotari have been described that exhibit a phenotype identical to reeler. Here we report that scrambler and yotari arise from mutations in mdab1, a mouse gene related to the Drosophila gene disabled (dab). Both scrambler and yotari mice express mutated forms of mdab1 messenger RNA and little or no mDab1 protein. mDab1 is a phosphoprotein that appears to function as an intracellular adaptor in protein kinase pathways. Expression analysis indicates that mdab1 is expressed in neuronal populations exposed to Reelin. The similar phenotypes of reeler, scrambler, yotari and mdab1 null mice indicate that Reelin and mDab1 function as signalling molecules that regulate cell positioning in the developing brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sheldon
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Arcangelo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoneshima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mikoshiba
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goldowitz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Curran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008818:Mice, Neurologic Mutants; D009154:Mutation; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D000091042:Reelin Protein; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases
chemical_list: D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; C103773:Dab1 protein, mouse; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000091042:Reelin Protein; C000717128:Reln protein, mouse; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases