title: Effect of altered auditory feedback on people who stutter during scripted telephone conversations.
abstract: The effect of altered auditory feedback (AAF) conditions on stuttering during scripted telephone conversations was investigated. Nine adult participants made 15 scripted telephone calls to business in New York City. Alterations in the participants' auditory feedback signal were generated by a commercially available digital signal processor (Casa Futura Technologies Desktop Fluency System Model BTD-400) that shifted participants' speech one-half octave down in frequency, produced a 50-ms delay, or produced non-altered auditory feedback. The AAF effects produced by the digital signal processor were not perceived by the recipients of the telephone calls. The proportion of stuttering events per scripted telephone conversations were significantly reduced in the AAF conditions relative to the non-altered auditory feedback condition (p = .0004). Stuttering frequency was reduced by 55% and 60% for the FAF and DAF, respectively. These findings demonstrate the applicability of this technology to situations of daily living involving telephone use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kalinowski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rastatter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003142:Communication; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013067:Speech Perception; D013342:Stuttering; D013689:Telephone