title: Acceptability, safety, and digestibility of spray-dried bovine serum added to diets of recovering malnourished children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Specially collected, spray-dried bovine and porcine blood plasma have been incorporated previously in feeds of weanling farm animals, resulting in increased dietary intakes and greater rates of weight gain than observed in control animals. Before conducting similar trials in human populations, preliminary studies have been completed to assess the acceptability, safety, and digestibility of processed animal plasma in young children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Masked study diets were provided sequentially to each of ten young, Peruvian children recovering from severe protein-energy malnutrition during three randomly ordered 7-day dietary periods. The control diet was prepared from rice, milk, vegetable oil, and sugar; the two study diets included spray-dried, bovine serum concentrate to replace either 25% or 50% of the milk protein of the control diet. Urine and feces were collected quantitatively during the last four days of each diet period to assess stool weight, apparent absorption of macronutrients, and retention of nitrogen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All children consumed the entire amounts offered of each of the diets. The mean number of daily bowel movements and mean apparent absorption and retention of nitrogen and mean apparent absorption of carbohydrate were similar for each diet. Fractional absorption of dietary lipid and of total energy increased significantly in relation to the amount of bovine serum concentrate in the diet, although this might be explained by the simultaneous replacement of milk fat with additional vegetable oil.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Each of the diets was well accepted by the study children, and there was no evidence of any adverse effects of bovine serum concentrate.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Perú.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lembcke
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Peerson
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002417:Cattle; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000592:standards; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005526:Food, Formulated / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010568:Peru; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000592:standards*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D009584:Nitrogen