title: Expression of green fluorescent protein in Aureobasidium pullulans and quantification of the fungus on leaf surfaces.
abstract: A red-shifted, mutated form of the jelly-fish green fluorescent protein (GFP) under control of a TEF promoter was expressed at high levels in the filamentous fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. In the three transformants studied, all morphotypes of the fungus, including pigmented chlamydospores, expressed GFP and fluoresced brightly. Confocal microscopy showed that the intra-cellular distribution of GFP was nonuniform. When applied to leaf surfaces, the transformants were readily visible and amenable to quantification by image analysis. Thus, GFP expression, together with quantitative image analysis, may provide a powerful method for ecological studies of plant-microbe relationships in nature.
authors.affiliation: USDA Forest Products Laboratory, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Vanden Wymelenberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Spear
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schoenike
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Andrews
mesh_terms: D015139:Blotting, Southern; D005453:Fluorescence; D015870:Gene Expression; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D003904:Mitosporic Fungi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014170:Transformation, Genetic
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins