title: In vitro characterization of adult primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1: demonstration of distinctive single-cell killing phenotypes in spite of similar levels of viral replication.
abstract: Two primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 biologic clones have been studied extensively in a system using CD4 T cell-enriched peripheral blood lymphocytes and anti-CD4 antibody to measure viral replication kinetics and single-cell cytopathicity. Biologic clones from a person with AIDS replicated to high levels and were cytopathic in the absence of syncytium formation. Unexpectedly, biologic clones from an adult long-term nonprogressor were noncytopathic in spite of similar levels of viral replication. A correlation has recently been demonstrated between reduced mitochondrial viability and cell death in HIV-1-infected cultures. Peripheral blood-derived CD4 T cells infected with the cytopathic clone showed a progressive reduction in mitochondrial viability, while those infected with the noncytopathic clone demonstrated functionally viable mitochondria. These studies demonstrate that primary HIV-1-induced cytopathicity is separable from syncytium formation and replication rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Greenough
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Somasundaran
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000821:virology; D000328:Adult; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011533:Proviruses / Q000254:growth & development; D017741:Survivors; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D015686:Gene Products, env