title: Effect of soaking, germination, and enzyme treatment of whole barley on nutritional value and digestive tract parameters of broiler chickens.
abstract: 1. An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of soaking at 0 degrees C, soaking at room temperature, germination, or enzyme treatment of whole barley on feeding value and digestive tract parameters of 2- to 4-week old broiler chickens given diets with 700g/kg whole barley. 2. Soaking or germination decreased the soluble and total beta-glucan content (P < 0.05) and, except for soaking at 0 degrees C, the acid extract viscosity of the grain also decreased (P < 0.05). Germination and soaking in the presence of enzymes produced the lowest beta-glucan content and viscosity. 3. Except for soaking in cold water, the soaking, germination and enzyme treatments increased weight gain and decreased food:gain ratio (P < 0.05). Correspondingly, the digestibility of protein, fat, and ash, and the digestible energy content, increased (P < 0.05) after enzyme treatment or germination. 4. Chickens fed on enzyme-treated or germinated barley diets had intestinal contents with a greater proportion of dry matter and lower viscosity than chickens fed on untreated barley (P < 0.05). Consequently, the cages and chickens were cleaner (P < 0.05) and the weight of digestive organs as proportion of live weight was lower. 5. Particle size analysis of excreta revealed that whole barley was efficiently ground by the gizzards of 16-d-old chickens, and very few whole kernels were found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Norway, Norway.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Svihus
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Newman
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D004798:Enzymes; D005511:Food Handling; D005936:Glucans / Q000032:analysis; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry; D008460:Meat; D009753:Nutritive Value
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D005936:Glucans