title: Antiangiogenic agents protect liver sinusoidal lining cells from cold preservation injury in rat liver transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Low temperature preservation causes unique liver injuries to the sinusoidal lining cells characterized by endothelial cell detachment and rounding and Kupffer cell activation. These changes are similar to those observed during the early stages of angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate if cold preservation injury is caused by the activation of angiogenic mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Livers were obtained from rats pretreated with three well-known antiangiogenic agents (minocycline, interferon alfa-2b, and fumagillin) and were stored for various durations in cold preservation solutions. The effects of the drugs were evaluated by morphometric assessment of endothelial cell injury in H&E, trypan blue, and immunostained (TIE2/Tek) biopsy specimens. Graft functions and survival were evaluated in isolated perfused rat liver and arterialized orthotopic liver transplantation models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sinusoidal lining cell integrity and viability were significantly improved in animals pretreated with the drugs. Reperfusion injury and survival were also better in pretreated animals. Interferon alfa was the most potent agent, reducing injury even in livers preserved in the current most commonly used solution (University of Wisconsin solution).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cold preservation injury of liver may be the results of angiogenic mechanisms. This novel observation provides a rationale for improved liver preservation using antiangiogenic agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Washington
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bentley
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Clavien
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine; D000493:Allopurinol; D000818:Animals; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione; D007328:Insulin; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008911:Minocycline / Q000494:pharmacology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009926:Organ Preservation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D011887:Raffinose; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes
chemical_list: D003510:Cyclohexanes; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D007328:Insulin; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C055206:University of Wisconsin-lactobionate solution; D000493:Allopurinol; C026211:fumagillin; D008911:Minocycline; D005978:Glutathione; D000241:Adenosine; D011887:Raffinose