title: Estimating test-retest reliability in functional MR imaging. II: Application to motor and cognitive activation studies.
abstract: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using blood oxygenation contrast has rapidly spread into many application areas. In this paper, a new statistical model is used to evaluate the reliability of fMRI activation in a finger opposition motor paradigm for both within-session and between-session data and in a working memory paradigm for between-session data. A slice prescription procedure for between-session reproducibility is introduced. Estimates are made for the probabilities of correctly and falsely classifying voxels as active or inactive and receiver operator characteristic curves are generated. In the motor paradigm, estimated between-session reliability was found to be somewhat reduced relative to within-session reliability; however, this includes additional sources of variation and may not reflect intrinsically lower reliability. After matching false-positive classification probabilities, between-session reliability was found to be nearly identical for both motor and cognitive activation paradigms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Noll
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Genovese
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Nystrom
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Vazquez
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Forman
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Eddy
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000592:standards*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results