title: Accumulation of lovastatin, but not pravastatin, in the blood of cyclosporine-treated kidney graft patients after multiple doses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study pravastatin and lovastatin pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects and their interactions with cydosporine (INN, ciclosporin) in kidney transplant patients after single and multiple doses.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of administration of 20 mg/day oral pravastatin and lovastatin for 28 days and their interactions with cyclosporine (2 to 6 mg/kg/day) were studied in a double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, parallel-group multicenter trial in 44 stable kidney graft recipients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median area under the curve [AUC(0-24)] of pravastatin was 249 microg x hr/L (range, 104 to 1026 microg x hr/L) after a single dose (day 1) and 241 microg x hr/L (114 to 969 microg x hr/L) after multiple doses (day 28) and was fivefold higher than values reported in the absence of cyclosporine. The median AUC(0-24) of lovastatin was 243 microg x hr/L (105 to 858 microg x hr/L) on day 1 and 459 microg x hr/L (140 to 1508 microg x hr/L) on day 28. Besides a significant accumulation during the study period (p < 0.001), the lovastatin AUC(0-24) values were twentyfold higher than values reported without cyclosporine. Coadministration of pravastatin or lovastatin did not alter cyclosporine pharmacokinetics. In this study, 20 mg/day doses of both drugs resulted in a significant improvement of the lipid profile and were well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to lovastatin, pravastatin did not accumulate over the study period, which is probably one of the reasons rhabdomyolysis has been reported in lovastatin-treated but not pravastatin-treated transplant patients receiving cyclosporine immunosuppression.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Nephrologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Olbricht
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wanner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eisenhauer
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kliem
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Doll
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boddaert
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: O'Grady
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krekler
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mangold
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Christians
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008148:Lovastatin / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017035:Pravastatin / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D008148:Lovastatin; D017035:Pravastatin