title: Thermoregulation in the mouths of feeding gray whales.
abstract: Vascular structures for heat conservation in the tongue of the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) are reported here. Numerous individual countercurrent heat exchangers are found throughout the massive tongue. These converge at the base of the tongue to form a bilateral pair of retia. Temperature measurements from the oral cavity of a live gray whale indicate that more heat may be lost through the blubber layer over the body than through the tongue, despite the fact that the tongue is far more vascularized and has much less insulation. These heat exchangers substantially reduce heat loss when these whales feed in cold waters.
authors.affiliation: Section of Vertebrates, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA. heyning@bcf.usc.edu
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Heyning
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Mead
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013696:Temperature; D014059:Tongue / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology*; D014907:Whales / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*