Does drawing attention to the referent constrain the way in which children construct verbal messages?
Tasks which assess children's speaker skills in the referential communication paradigm frequently mark the target item in some way to indicate which picture should be described. It was hypothesized that this procedure would interfere with effective scanning of the visual array (comparison processing) assumed to be necessary for the production of accurate messages. It was also predicted that, when one item was highlighted, more redundant features would be included in messages. An experiment which compared a marked with an unmarked target condition across three age ranges (6, 8, 10 years) found that message accuracy was not affected by highlighting. But significantly more redundant features were reported in the marked condition, indicating that, where redundancy is the focus of interest, a highlighting procedure should be avoided. Two age effects were also found: Message accuracy improved with age, while redundancy reduced with age.
Lloyd
P
P
University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
Banham
L
L
D001288:Attention; D002648:Child; D002663:Child Language; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D012660:Semantics; D013068:Speech Production Measurement; D014705:Verbal Behavior