title: Radiologic placement of subcutaneous infusion chest ports for long-term central venous access.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The technical success and complications associated with radiologic placement of subcutaneous implantable chest ports for long-term central venous access were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between May 1, 1996, and December 31, 1996, 80 chest ports were placed in 80 consecutive patients using the right internal jugular vein as the preferred access route. All procedures occurred in interventional radiology suites with patients receiving conscious sedation. Both sonography and fluoroscopy were used for venipuncture and to guide port insertion. Follow-up was obtained by the clinical service and by performing chart reviews electronically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Technical success was 100%, and follow-up was obtained in all patients. One procedural complication occurred that was unrelated to actual catheter placement. Mean catheter use was 155 days (total, 12,168 days; range, 18-303 days). Confirmed catheter-related infection rate was 3%, or 0.016 per 100 access days; symptomatic catheter-related central venous thrombosis rate was 1%, or 0.008 per 100 access days; and 5% of catheters were removed prematurely. No instances of hematoma formation, catheter tip migration or malposition, symptomatic air embolism, spontaneous catheter fracture, or pneumothorax were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the benefit of both sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance, subcutaneous implantable chest ports can be inserted by radiologists with equal or lower complication rates than those reported in surgical series. Image-guided insertion of chest ports should replace rather than supplement unguided placement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Hospitals, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Funaki
authors.forename: G X
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Szymski
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hackworth
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rosenblum
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Leef
mesh_terms: D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015642:Radiology, Interventional; D013350:Subclavian Vein; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods