title: Ubc9p is the conjugating enzyme for the ubiquitin-like protein Smt3p.
abstract: At least one essential function of Smt3p, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae ubiquitin-like protein similar to the mammalian protein SUMO-1, involves its posttranslational covalent attachment to other proteins. Using Smt3p affinity chromatography, we have isolated the second enzyme of the Smt3p conjugation pathway and have found that it is identical to Ubc9p, a previously identified protein that has extensive sequence similarity to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) and that is required for yeast to progress through mitosis. A hallmark of E2s is the ability to form a thioester bond-containing covalent intermediate with ubiquitin (Ub). While we were unable to detect formation of a Ub approximately Ubc9p thioester, Ubc9p was found to form a thioester with Smt3p, indicating that Ubc9p is the functional analog of E2s in the Smt3p pathway and that this step is distinct from the ubiquitin pathway. Ubc9p is required for attachment of Smt3p to other proteins in vitro, suggesting that it is the only such enzyme in S. cerevisiae. These results suggest that, like ubiquitination, Smt3p conjugation may be a critical modification in cell cycle regulation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA. johnsoe@rockvax.rockefeller.edu
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Blobel
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008025:Ligases / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism; D000098843:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme UBC9
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C099362:SMT3 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014452:Ubiquitins; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D008025:Ligases; D000098843:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme UBC9