title: A comparison of behavioral and educational interventions for fibromyalgia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare a comprehensive behavioral intervention with an education/control condition in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia (FM), and to explore the role of mediators of clinical improvement in both groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of the behavioral and education/control interventions were evaluated across a 10 week treatment period and at 6 month followup on measures of pain, depression, disability, pain behaviors, and intervening variables. The behavioral intervention focused on the development of diverse pain coping skills, while the education/control condition presented information on a range of health related topic without emphasizing skill acquisition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although improvement across time was found in depression, self-reported pain behaviors, observed pain behaviors, and myalgia scores, no differences in these criteria were found between the behavioral and education/control conditions. Multiple regression analyses revealed that changes in helplessness and passive coping were associated with improvement in a number of clinical outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings illustrate the value of psychoeducational interventions in decreasing the psychological and behavioral effect of FM, and the value of reducing dysfunctional coping and helplessness in future intervention research.
authors.affiliation: California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego 92121-3725, USA.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nicassio
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Radojevic
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Weisman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schuman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schoenfeld-Smith
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome