title: Comparison of thallium scintigraphy and positron emission tomography.
abstract: Assessment of tissue viability has become an important issue in recent years. Scintigraphic measurements have provided important diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic information in patients with myocardial dysfunction, who may improve in left ventricular function after revascularization. For detection of regional myocardial ischemia and viability, thallium 201 (201Tl) has been the most widely used tracer in single-photon scintigraphy. However, 201Tl scintigraphy may underestimate regional viability, especially after myocardial infarction. Positron emission tomography (PET) provides an advanced imaging technology that permits the accurate definition of regional tracer distribution. In combination with nitrogen (13N) ammonia, PET allows for the sensitive and specific detection of coronary artery disease. Several studies indicate the superiority of this approach in comparison with standard 201Tl tomographic (SPECT) imaging. In addition, regional blood flow can be accurately measured with 13N ammonia PET, and this approach can be employed in conjunction with pharmacologic stress imaging to quantify regional flow reserve. In combination with metabolic markers, such as fluorine 18 (18F) deoxyglucose, an indicator of glucose uptake, PET is capable of assessing myocardial viability. Furthermore, the PET approach may differentiate between various forms of cardiomyopathy. More studies are needed to define the cost-benefit ratio of both the 201Tl reinjection and the PET technique for the management of patients with coronary artery disease or cardiomyopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Niemeyer
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Kuijper
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Meeder
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cramer
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cleophas
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: van der Wall
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D009590:Nitrogen Radioisotopes; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000191:economics; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes / Q000191:economics; D014022:Tissue Survival; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed / Q000191:economics; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D009590:Nitrogen Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D000641:Ammonia; D005947:Glucose