title: Effect of enzyme replacement therapy on bone formation in a feline model of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI.
abstract: A range of skeletal abnormalities are evident in mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI, Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) including short stature and dysostosis multiplex, resulting from a deficiency in the lysosomal hydrolase N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulphatase (4S). In this article, bone pathology was assessed in a feline model of MPS VI to evaluate the efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) as a treatment modality for this genetic disorder. Osteopenia is clearly evident in MPS VI animals, with bone mineral volume (BV/TV) falling well below that of normal animals (4.39% vs. 20.11%, respectively). Trabecular bone architecture was also affected in MPS VI with fewer, thinner, and more widely spaced trabeculae apparent. Bone formation rate (BFR/BS) was also lower in MPS VI animals than controls (0.0011 mm3/mm2 per day vs. 0.008 mm3/mm2 per day, respectively). Vertebral and tibial bone length in MPS VI animals progressively fell behind normal values with increasing age, as did cortical bone thickness. Vertebral body shape was also altered. ERT with recombinant human 4S (rh4S) resulted in a vertebral BV/TV of 8.23% in animals treated with an intravenous enzyme dose of 1 mg/kg and a BV/TV of 14.33% in animals treated with a dose of 5 mg/kg. BFR/BS also increased to 0.0034 mm3/mm2 per day in animals treated with enzyme doses of either 1.0 or 5.0 mg/kg rh4S. All other affected histomorphometric parameters also improved with ERT to a level intermediate between MPS VI untreated animals and normals. However, individual animals treated with 0.2 mg/kg rh4S intravenously or 1.0 mg/kg rh4S administered subcutaneously did not exhibit an improvement over untreated MPS VI animals. Vertebral and tibial bone lengths, tibial cortical bone thickness, and vertebral body shape also responded to ERT, with a trend away from the untreated group. Thus, ERT had a positive effect on bone development in MPS VI animals that was dependent upon the dose of enzyme administered and the route of administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia. sbyers@medicine.adelaide.edu.au
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Byers
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Nuttall
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Crawley
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hopwood
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Fazzalari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D002415:Cats; D002803:Chondro-4-Sulfatase / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009087:Mucopolysaccharidosis VI / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D002803:Chondro-4-Sulfatase