title: Kinetic analysis of tetraethylammonium transport in the kidney epithelial cell line, LLC-PK1.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to establish a kinetic means of analyzing the membrane transport of organic cations in renal epithelial cells, and to simultaneously evaluate drug interactions in apical and basolateral membranes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tetraethylammonium (TEA) transport was measured using LLC-PK1 cell monolayers grown on microporous membrane filters. After incubating the cells with unlabeled TEA or other drugs, apical or basolateral medium was changed to that containing labeled TEA, and transcellular transport and cellular accumulation were measured. Clearance from apical medium to cells (CL12), cells to apical medium (CL21), cells to basolateral medium (CL23) and basolateral medium to cells (CL32) were calculated based on a three compartment model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TEA was accumulated progressively in the monolayers from the basolateral side and was transported unidirectionally to the apical side. CL32 was greater than CL12 and CL23 was greater than CL21. Therefore, the rate limiting step of TEA transport from the basolateral to the apical medium was the cell-to-apical step. Co-incubation of TEA with procainamide decreased the transport parameters of TEA, CL12, CL21 and CL32, whereas that with levofloxacin decreased only CL12 and CL21, not affecting the parameters in basolateral membranes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a simple model, we analyzed the transport of organic cation in kidney epithelial cell line, LLC-PK1. This method can be useful for the analysis of cation transport and drug interactions in the apical and basolateral membranes of renal tubules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Kyoto University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002412:Cations / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D018374:LLC-PK1 Cells; D013552:Swine; D019789:Tetraethylammonium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D019789:Tetraethylammonium