title: Phenotypic alterations in circulating monocytes induced by open heart surgery using heparinized and nonheparinized cardiopulmonary bypass systems.
abstract: In this study of 31 patients with coronary bypass surgery, we used flow cytometry to compare heparin-coated and noncoated cardiopulmonary bypass systems on leukocyte activation. We found significant differences between the groups during bypass, with activation of the complement system, measured as elevated levels of C3a desArg, upregulation of granulocyte beta2 integrin (CD11b), and a loss of circulating monocytes when noncoated systems were used. In both groups an early increase in the monocyte cell surface CD62L expression was obvious while the percentage of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR positive monocytes did not alter. The morning after the operation, leukocytosis was present, together with a highly significant reduction in the monocyte expression of CD11b and HLA-DR, indicating the recruitment to the peripheral blood of cells with altered phenotypes. This alteration in phenotype on potent inflammatory cells may be one part of the impaired function of the immunological system reported after major surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ljunghusen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cederholm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lundahl
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Olin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sjögren
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stendahl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000706:Anaphylatoxins / Q000032:analysis; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000592:standards*; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015926:Complement C3a / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000097:blood*; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D010641:Phenotype; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000706:Anaphylatoxins; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; C044541:complement C3a, des-Arg-(77)-; D019041:L-Selectin; D015926:Complement C3a; D006493:Heparin