title: Comparison of respiratory effects of tramadol and oxycodone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the respiratory effects of tramadol and oxycodone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  IV Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  36 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing minor surgery with general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The respiratory effects of intravenous (i.v.) tramadol 0.6 mg/kg and oxycodone 0.04 mg/kg were compared after induction of anesthesia with propofol and succinylcholine-facilitated endotracheal intubation. Patients spontaneously breathed halothane in 70% nitrous oxide and oxygen via a nonrebreathing valve. The trial drugs or placebo were given after recovery from neuromuscular block.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inspiratory and expiratory oxygen and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentrations (ETCO2), tidal volume (VT) minute volume of ventilation (VE), and respiratory rate (RR) were recorded by side-stream spirometry with end-tidal halothane of 0.3% for 30 minutes before surgery. Oxycodone caused a significant respiratory depression seen as an increase in the inspiratory-expiratory oxygen difference and ETCO2 and as a decrease in VE and RR. On the contrary, the effect of tramadol were similar to those of placebo. VT was not affected by any study drug.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tramadol was not associated with respiratory depression in the present setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tarkkila
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuominen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lindgren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010098:Oxycodone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000187:drug effects*; D014147:Tramadol / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D014147:Tramadol; D010098:Oxycodone