title: Cold pressor test raises serum concentrations of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin in normotensive and hypertensive patients.
abstract: In patients with essential hypertension, elevated soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) levels may indicate endothelial cell injury or activation. We therefore sought to ascertain whether arterial blood pressure increased by the cold pressor test can modify serum concentrations of sE-selectin and other soluble forms of adhesion molecules, such as soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), or the expression of any adhesion molecules in circulating monocytes and lymphocytes. Our findings show that levels of sE-selectin, sVCAM-1, and sICAM-1 are higher in patients with essential hypertension than in normotensive subjects (sICAM-1, 380 +/- 52 versus 262 +/- 96 ng/mL, P<.05; sVCAM-1, 720 +/- 52 versus 625 +/- 38 ng/mL, P<.05; and sE-selectin, 75 +/- 21 versus 61 +/- 22 ng/mL, P<.05). Furthermore, in normotensive and hypertensive patients, the cold pressor test caused an increase in serum concentrations of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sE-selectin, but it did not cause changes in the expression of adhesion molecules in circulating monocytes and lymphocytes. High arterial blood pressure may therefore increase the production of serum adhesion molecules, probably through endothelial activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buemi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Allegra
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aloisi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corica
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alonci
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruello
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montalto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Frisina
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000379:methods*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012016:Reference Values; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D019040:E-Selectin; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1