title: Evaluation of a visualization-based approach to functional brain mapping.
abstract: We describe a method for mapping stimulation data, obtained at the time of neurosurgery for intractable epilepsy, onto a 3D MRI-based neuroanatomic model of the individual patient. The mapping is done by comparing an intraoperative photograph of the exposed cortical surface with a computer-based MR visualization of the surface, interactively indicating corresponding stimulation sites, and recording 3-D MR machine coordinates of the indicated sites. Repeatability studies were performed to validate the accuracy of the mapping technique. Six observers--a neurosurgeon, a radiologist, and four computer scientists, independently mapped 218 stimulation sites from 12 patients. The mean distance of the six locations from the mean location of each site was 2.07 mm, with a standard deviation of 1.5 mm, or within 5.07 mm with 95% confidence. Since the surgical sites are accurate within approximately 1 cm, these results show that the visualization-based approach is accurate within the limits of the stimulation maps. When incorporated within the kind of information system envisioned by the Human Brain Project, this anatomically-based method will not only provide a key link between non-invasive and invasive approaches to understanding language organization, but will also provide the basis for studying the relationship between language function and anatomical variability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Modayur
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jakobovits
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maravilla
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ojemann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brinkley
mesh_terms: D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009493:Neurosurgery; D015203:Reproducibility of Results