title: Comparative lung delivery of salbutamol given via Turbuhaler and Diskus dry powder inhaler devices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The environmental concerns surrounding the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) have led to a resurgence of interest in dry powder inhaler devices. The aim of our study was to compare two commonly used dry powder inhaler devices, namely the Turbuhaler and Diskus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight healthy volunteers with a mean (SEM) age of 21 years (0.8) were studied using a randomised single-investigator blind crossover design. Single doses of 1.2 mg salbutamol as Turbuhaler (12 x 100 micrograms) and Diskus (6 x 200 micrograms) were administered over 6 min. Mouth rinsing was performed after every inhalation. Lung delivery from each device was assessed by measuring the early plasma salbutamol profile at 5, 10, 15 and 20 min after inhalation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in lung delivery were found between the Diskus and the Turbuhaler for salbutamol Cmax 3.21 vs 4.04 ng.ml-1, respectively and Cav 2.65 vs 3.73 ng.ml-1, respectively. This amounted to a 1.28-fold difference (95% CI 1.09 to 1.45) between these devices for Cmax and a 1.42-fold difference (95% CI 1.57 to 1.66) for Cav.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have demonstrated that, in vivo, the Turbuhaler dry powder inhaler produces significantly greater lung delivery of salbutamol than the Diskus. This illustrates that dry powder inhaler devices may have different in vivo deposition characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Scotland.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lipworth
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000328:Adult; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D011208:Powders; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D011208:Powders; D000420:Albuterol