title: Adenocarcinoma of the urachus and bladder expresses a unique colonic epithelial epitope: an immunohistochemical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder is a rare neoplasm whose histogenesis is poorly understood. Current data support the concept that adenocarcinoma of the bladder and urachus evolves from zones of intestinal metaplasia that become dysplastic and invasive. To address this hypothesis further we determined the immunoreactivity of benign and malignant epithelial tissue from the bladder and urachus with a monoclonal antibody that is reactive with colonic epithelium to evaluate the presence of a common reactive epitope.
  
  
  METHODS
  The monoclonal antibody 7E12H12 (IgM isotype), developed against a colonic epithelial protein, was used in an immunoperoxidase assay to survey formalin fixed, paraffin embedded archival tissue specimens. A total of 26 specimens obtained by endoscopic biopsy or extirpative surgery, including benign and malignant bladder and urachal epithelial abnormalities, was chosen for retrospective evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All adenocarcinoma reacted positively regardless of the histological variant, differentiation, or bladder or urachal origin. In contrast, transitional cell and squamous cell carcinomas were nonreactive. Also, the pattern of reactivity in tissues that contained benign epithelial proliferations suggested a stepwise transition with no reactivity in normal urothelium or Brunn's epithelial nests, rare staining of cystitis cystica, and uniformly positive reactivity in cystitis glandularis and frank colonic intestinal metaplasia of the bladder and urachus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The shared, aberrant phenotypic expression of a unique colonic epitope in benign epithelial metaplasia, and adenocarcinoma of the bladder and urachus suggests a common underlying pathway toward adenocarcinoma in cystic and urachal adenocarcinoma. The implications for diagnostic pathology are discussed.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Pantuck
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bancila
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Amenta
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014497:Urachus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000939:Epitopes