title: Thyroid transcription factor-1 activates the promoter activity of rat thyroid Na+/I- symporter gene.
abstract: We have cloned 15 kbp of rat thyroid Na+/I- symporter gene from liver genomic library, which contains 6 kbp upstream sequence from the translation initiation site. Southern blot analysis of the genomic DNA from the liver has revealed that thyroid Na+/I- symporter gene is the single gene in the rat. To study the tissue-selective expression mechanism of the gene, we at first determined the transcriptional start site of the gene. Results of a rapid amplification of cDNA end procedure as well as that of primer extension analysis indicated that the transcriptional start sites clustered between -96, -95, and -93 bp of the gene (A in ATG is designated as +1). Chimeras containing 1.9 kbp (-1967 to -46 bp) of the 5'-flanking sequence of the Na+/I- symporter gene and luciferase gene expressed significant enzyme activity when transfected into a rat thyroid cell line, FRTL-5, but little activity was observed in BRL-3A rat liver cells. Deletion analysis of the constructs indicated that a minimal region, exhibiting promoter activity and cell specificity, is located between -291 and -134 bp of the gene. Deoxyribonuclease I footprinting shows that nuclear extracts from FRTL-5, but not BRL-3A, cells protect a region between -245 and -230 bp. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays have demonstrated that nuclear extracts from FRTL-5 cells formed a specific DNA-protein complex with an oligonucleotide probe corresponding to -250 to -211 bp of the gene, but that from BRL-3A cells did not, suggesting that thyrocyte-selective nuclear factors bind to the region. When the nuclear extracts from FRTL-5 cells were preincubated with antibody against thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), homeodomain containing nuclear protein, formation of the complex was abolished and the band was supershifted. We also found that the probe formed a DNA-protein complex with the recombinant TTF-1 homeodomain, and mutations of the binding site eliminated factor binding. When pRc/CMV-TTF-1 was cotransfected with the minimal promoter fragment of thyroid Na+/I- symporter gene into FRT cells, which express no TTF-1, it caused a significant increase in the transcriptional activity of the reporter construct, but not of the construct having mutated TTF-1-binding element. These results suggest that TTF-1 confers the cell-selective expression of Na+/I- symporter gene in thyrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Yamanashi Medical University, Tamaho, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneshige
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohmori
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harii
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Onaya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018983:DNA Footprinting; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015723:Gene Library; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D027981:Symporters; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D027981:Symporters; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters; C000614416:Nkx2-1 protein, rat