title: Cerebral cortical astroglia from the trisomy 16 mouse, a model for down syndrome, produce neuronal cholinergic deficits in cell culture.
abstract: Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is associated with a high incidence of Alzheimer disease and with deficits in cholinergic function in humans. We used the trisomy 16 (Ts16) mouse model for Down syndrome to identify the cellular basis for the cholinergic dysfunction. Cholinergic neurons and cerebral cortical astroglia, obtained separately from Ts16 mouse fetuses and their euploid littermates, were cultured in various combinations. Choline acetyltransferase activity and cholinergic neuron number were both depressed in cultures in which both neurons and glia were derived from Ts16 fetuses. Cholinergic function of normal neurons was significantly down-regulated by coculture with Ts16 glia. Conversely, neurons from Ts16 animals could express normal cholinergic function when grown with normal glia. These observations indicate that astroglia may contribute strongly to the abnormal cholinergic function in the mouse Ts16 model for Down syndrome. The Ts16 glia could lack a cholinergic supporting factor present in normal glia or contain a factor that down-regulates cholinergic function.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. pgnelson@codon.nih.gov
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Rapoport
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Neale
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Galdzicki
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dunlap
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: v Agoston
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002799:Cholinergic Fibers / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002875:Chromosomes; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004314:Down Syndrome; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000378:metabolism; D014314:Trisomy
chemical_list: D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase