Haemodynamic responses to sevoflurane compared with halothane during inhalational induction in children.
We studied the haemodynamic changes during induction of anaesthesia in 50 ASA I and II children (1-12 yrs) undergoing minor elective surgery. The patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive either halothane (n = 25) or sevoflurane (n = 25) in a mixture of O2 and N2O (40:60) for mask induction of anaesthesia. Induction of anaesthesia was performed with an overpressure technique by administering rapid increases of gas concentrations, in increments of 1% up to 7% for sevoflurane and of 0.5% up to 3% for halothane. Induction was smooth and rapid in both groups but characterized by increases in heart rate and systolic blood pressure up to 20% especially in the sevoflurane group (P < 0.05); these increases in the latter group were significant compared with baseline and the halothane group (P < 0.05). No serious complications were observed. The authors conclude that more children experienced heart rate and blood pressure increases during the early stage of inhalational induction with sevoflurane compared with halothane.
Kern
C
C
Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
Erb
T
T
Frei
F J
FJ
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D004987:Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D013511:Minor Surgical Procedures; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013990:Tidal Volume
D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D004987:Ethers; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D010100:Oxygen; D006221:Halothane