Efficacy of deoxycholate amphotericin B and unilamellar liposomal amphotericin B in prophylaxis of experimental Aspergillus fumigatus endocarditis.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate and compare in vivo the protective efficacy of unilamellar liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) with that of deoxycholate amphotericin B (D-AmB) in experimental endocarditis.


METHODS
In the rabbit model of experimental Aspergillus fumigatus endocarditis, two doses of each antifungal agent (1.5 mg/kg each) were administered intravenously at 4 hours and at 30 minutes before challenge with an inoculum of A. fumigatus. Three days later, the animals were sacrificed, and the aortic vegetations were analyzed.


RESULTS
All 19 animals that did not receive chemoprophylaxis acquired endocarditis. In contrast, endocarditis developed in 2 of 10 animals pretreated with D-AmB (P < 0.01) and 3 of 8 animals pretreated with L-AmB (P < 0.01). Both D-AmB and L-AmB prevented the development of endocarditis due to A. fumigatus and decreased the concentration of fungi in the aortic vegetations by more than 1 log10.


CONCLUSIONS
In the rabbit experimental model of Aspergillus endocarditis, D-AmB and L-AmB were equally effective in reducing the incidence of the infection and the tissue burden of fungi.
Mylonakis
E
E
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Propaeudeutic, University of Athens, Greece.
Chalevelakis
G
G
Saroglou
G
G
Danias
P
P
Argyropoulou
A D
AD
Paniara
O
O
Raptis
S A
SA
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000187:drug effects*; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008081:Liposomes; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D008081:Liposomes; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid; D000666:Amphotericin B