Photoinactivation of virus infectivity by hypocrellin A.
We investigated the photoinactivation of virus infectivity by hypocrellin A and its mechanism. The titers of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), both of which are enveloped viruses, were reduced upon illumination with hypocrellin A in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas canine parvovirus, a nonenveloped virus, was not killed. The removal of oxygen or addition of sodium azide or beta-carotene both inhibited VSV inactivation. Mannitol and superoxide dismutase had no effect on VSV inactivation. These results indicate that singlet oxygen was involved in the process of VSV inactivation. Of the three major VSV membrane proteins, peripheral membrane protein M was most damaged by the hypocrellin A phototreatment.
Hirayama
J
J
Hokkaido Red Cross Blood Center, Sapporo, Japan.
Ikebuchi
K
K
Abe
H
H
Kwon
K W
KW
Ohnishi
Y
Y
Horiuchi
M
M
Shinagawa
M
M
Ikuta
K
K
Kamo
N
N
Sekiguchi
S
S
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004285:Dogs; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D017993:Parvovirus, Canine / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D010569:Perylene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019800:Phenol; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011809:Quinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D014774:Virulence / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011809:Quinones; D014764:Viral Proteins; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; D019800:Phenol; D010569:Perylene; D010100:Oxygen; C048388:hypocrellin A