title: Scintigraphic biodistribution and plasma kinetics of indium 111-labeled transferrin in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine plasma clearance kinetics and imaging biodistribution of indium 111-labeled transferrin (111In-TF) in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  7 adult dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  After 30 minutes' incubation of 18.5 MBq (0.5 mCi) of 111InCl3 with 1 ml of serum (n = 3) or 1 ml of plasma (n = 4) at 37 C, dogs were given autologous 111In-TF i.v., and serial blood samples and right lateral and dorsal scintigraphic images were obtained immediately and 1, 3, 5, 9, 22, and 48 hours later. Blood and plasma clearance kinetics were determined from a least-squares, nonlinear fit of the sample radioactivity data. Blood radioactivity was compared with plasma radioactivity to determine the extent of cellular labeling. Imaging biodistribution was characterized by subjective and objective assessment of blood pool, liver, gastrointestinal (abdomen) tract, kidney, and bone marrow activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  111In-TF plasma clearance was best described by a biexponential fit, with early and late clearance half-times of 6 and 49 hours, respectively. The 111In was not redistributed between transferrin (plasma proteins) and blood cells. Imaging studies documented progressive liver and bone marrow uptake of the 111In-TF over 48 hours. Some radioactivity was evident in the colon of 1 dog on 48-hour images. Decay-corrected count rates (counts/pixel/mCi/kg/min) within the abdominal region of interest increased over the 48-hour imaging period and exceeded the blood pool (cardiac) activity at 20 hours after injection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  111In-TF has a biexponential plasma clearance in clinically normal dogs, with early and late clearance half-time of 6 and 49 hours, respectively. Scintigraphically, 111In-TF localizes to sites of iron storage (bone marrow and liver) over time. Some loss of 111In-TF via the gastrointestinal tract may be seen on late 48-hour images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  111In-TF appears to be a viable radiopharmaceutical for use in dogs, with specific application for identifying those with protein-losing enteropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Koblik
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Guilford
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hornof
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000737:chemistry / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D004064:Digestive System / Q000737:chemistry / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013154:Spleen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D014168:Transferrin