title: Pelvic floor rehabilitation is effective in patients with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of pelvic floor muscle exercises combined with electrical stimulation of pelvic floor on lower urinary tract dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with near normal (< 100 ml) postvoid residual volumes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Open, controlled, randomized study in two parallel groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rehabilitation centre for MS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty women and 30 men with definite MS and current symptoms of lower urinary tract dysfunction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The muscle activity of the pelvic floor muscles was tested using surface EMG. Subjective urinary symptoms were assessed using a questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pelvic floor muscles were stimulated using electrical stimulation at six sessions. During and after the final session the patients were taught to exercise their pelvic floor muscles and advised to continue these exercises regularly for at least six months. The control group was not treated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maximal contraction power and endurance of the pelvic floor muscles increased after six sessions of electrical stimulation with interferential currents. Symptoms of urinary urgency, frequency and incontinence were significantly less frequent in the treated group than in the untreated subjects. Male patients appeared to respond better to the treatment than female patients. Compliance with the pelvic floor exercises was over 60% at the end of a follow-up for six months. Most drop-outs were due to the disappearance of urinary tract symptoms or to severe relapses in MS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates that pelvic floor muscle exercises combined with electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor constitute an effective treatment for lower urinary tract dysfunction at least in male patients with MS.
authors.affiliation: Masku Neurological Rehabilitation Centre, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vahtera
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haaranen
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Viramo-Koskela
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruutiainen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004576:Electromyography; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D010349:Patient Compliance; D017773:Pelvic Floor; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*