Chronic weight cycling increases oxidative DNA damage levels in mammary gland of female rats fed a high-fat diet.
Oxidative DNA damage levels may be a marker of breast cancer risk that is modulated by diet. We examined the effects of a high-fat diet fed in varying feeding regimens on levels of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (5-OHmU), an oxidized thymidine residue, in DNA from mammary gland of aging female rats. A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into four groups: ad libitum fed (AL), weight cycled above baseline (WC-G), weight cycled below baseline (WC-L), or energy restricted (ER) for 28 weeks. WC groups were fed repeated ad libitum/restricted amounts of the diet. At sacrifice, both WC groups had body weights similar to the ER group but higher levels of 5-OHmU (p < 0.01). 5-OHmU levels were higher in the WC groups than in the AL group, even though body weights of the WC groups were significantly lower (p < 0.001). These results indicate that a history of weight cycling, even when body weight is reduced, can have adverse effects on 5-OHmU levels in mammary gland DNA, a potential biomarker of cancer risk. Constant control of calories for the maintenance of body weight, therefore, may be more beneficial.
Uhley
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VE
Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.
Pellizzon
M A
MA
Buison
A M
AM
Guo
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F
Djuric
Z
Z
Jen
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KL
D000818:Animals; D004249:DNA Damage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013936:Thymidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain; D015431:Weight Loss
C018080:5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine; D013936:Thymidine