title: F2-isoprostane and 4-hydroxynonenal excretion in human bile of patients with biliary tract and pancreatic disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess parameters of lipid peroxidation in bile of patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  F2-isoprostanes (F2-IPs) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were measured in bile collected during 31 ERCP procedures using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 11 subjects with normal ERCP (controls), bile contained significant amounts of F2-IPs (188 +/- 27 pg/ml) and 4-HNE (37.5 +/- 8.0 ng/ml). In 10 individuals with bile duct stones, there was a 3-fold increase of F2-IPs (523 +/- 129 pg/ml; p < 0.05) and a 2.5-fold increase of 4-HNE (89.6 +/- 18.0 ng/ml; p < 0.05). In 10 patients with various pancreatic diseases, bile F2-IPs were also enhanced (545 +/- 112 pg/ml; p < 0.01). There was no significant change in alpha-tocopherol, whereas beta-carotene was decreased in biliary tract and pancreatic diseases (p < 0.05). Results of serum liver tests were normal with the exception of bilirubin, which was increased together with alkaline phosphatase. Concentrations of total lipids, phospholipids, and cholesterol did not differ significantly between the three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide the first evidence in humans supporting the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of biliary and pancreatic disease.
authors.affiliation: Section of Liver Disease & Nutrition, Alcohol Research Center, Bronx VA Medical Center 10468, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Leo
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Aleynik
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Kasmin
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Aleynik
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lieber
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000032:analysis; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D019207:beta Carotene; D014810:Vitamin E; D015237:Dinoprost; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal