Selective damage to the cerebellar vermis in chronic alcoholism: a contribution from neurotoxicology to an old problem of selective vulnerability.
The curiously consistent localization of cerebellar cortical damage in chronic alcoholism is re-evaluated in the light of selective damage, with a similar topography in the cerebellar vermal region, in superficial siderosis in man and in experimental animals exposed to certain toxic substances. Attention is drawn to the capacity for Purkinje cell dendrites and Bergmann glia to extract materials from the CSF, and to the close anatomical relationships of the susceptible lobules I-II, IX and X to the roof of the IVth ventricle and to the cistern of the great cerebral veins. This restriction of damage to vermis and paravermis may reflect some compartmentalization of CSF flow within leptomeninges, consistently increasing exposure of these cerebellar surfaces to materials circulating in the CSF. In other circumstances when this pattern of damage is encountered it raises the question as to whether other environmental agents, gaining access to the CSF, may be similarly distributed.
Cavanagh
J B
JB
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Holton
J L
JL
Nolan
C C
CC
D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications*; D000599:Amino Acids, Diamino / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002526:Cerebellar Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology; D000087522:Cyanobacteria Toxins; D006246:Harmaline / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007050:Ibogaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D012806:Siderosis / Q000473:pathology
D000599:Amino Acids, Diamino; D000087522:Cyanobacteria Toxins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D009498:Neurotoxins; C001824:beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine; C003626:tremortin; D007050:Ibogaine; D006246:Harmaline; D010622:Phencyclidine