title: Relation between contractile reserve and positron emission tomographic patterns of perfusion and glucose utilization in chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction: implications for identification of myocardial viability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to determine the incidence and extent of dobutamine-induced contractile reserve in myocardial regions characterized by classical and new positron emission tomographic (PET) patterns in patients with chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  PET is considered the most accurate method for assessment of myocardial viability, which is traditionally identified by perfusion-metabolism mismatch.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 23 patients, segmental wall thickening expressed by four echocardiographic scores at rest and during low dose (5 and 10 microg/kg body weight per min) dobutamine infusion and regional myocardial uptake of potassium-38 and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) during glucose clamp were compared in 16 corresponding segments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of a total of 368 segments, data analysis focused on 214 (58%) dyssynergic segments at baseline. Contractile reserve was identified with increasing incidence according to the six following PET patterns: 1) diminished perfusion and moderate reduction of F-18 FDG uptake (3 [11%] of 28 segments); 2) proportional reduction of perfusion and F-18 FDG uptake (10 [23%] of 43 segments); 3) perfusion-metabolism mismatch (19 [46%] of 41 segments); 4) preserved perfusion but moderate reduction of F-18 FDG uptake (13 [46%] of 27 segments); 5) preserved perfusion and F-18 FDG uptake (37 [59%] of 63 segments) compared with our normal database; and 6) normal perfusion but absolute increased F-18 FDG uptake (8 [73%] of 11 segments). In the latter category, only 7 of 24 segments had normal rest function. In dyssynergic segments with F-18 FDG uptake > or = 50% supplied by vessels with > or = 75% stenosis, improvement in contractility during dobutamine correlated with the presence of collateral channels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myocardial regions with the traditional mismatch pattern of viability show contractile reserve in slightly < 50%. In segments with moderate reduction of F-18 FDG uptake, the contractile response to dobutamine is linked to the level of rest perfusion. Most segments with preserved perfusion and increased F-18 FDG uptake have impaired rest function, but contractile reserve is still present. These data suggest that in chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction, myocardial hibernation is a heterogeneous condition.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Mélon
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: de Landsheere
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Degueldre
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Kulbertus
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Piérard
mesh_terms: D004280:Dobutamine; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D017682:Myocardial Stunning / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D011197:Potassium Radioisotopes; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D011197:Potassium Radioisotopes; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D004280:Dobutamine