title: Progress with cholecystectomy: improving results in England and Wales.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Comparative Audit Service of the Royal College of Surgeons of England studied laparoscopic cholecystectomy in England and Wales during 1990-1991. The follow-on study undertaken during 1994 provides data to assess progress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pro formas were sent to consultant surgeons, requesting data on open and laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed in their units during 1994 with data on mean stay, mortality, complications, and the use of peroperative cholangiography and bile duct exploration. The identity of the consultants was treated confidentially.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were provided by 110 surgeons on 4823 cholecystectomies (1019 open and 3804 laparoscopic) and outcome was compared with that of 3319 attempted laparoscopic and 8035 open cholecystectomies carried out during 1990-1991. The proportion of cases attempted laparoscopically rose from 27.2 per cent in 1990-1991 to 78.9 per cent in 1994, and conversion to open cholecystectomy rose from 5.3 to 6.7 per cent respectively. During 1994 peroperative cholangiography was undertaken in 22.9 per cent of laparoscopic and 44.6 per cent of open cases. Complication rates were similar in the two study periods, except the number of reported haemorrhagic complications was reduced by 40 per cent and bile duct injuries by fivefold (from 0.33 to 0.07 per cent).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During 1994 the audit sampled approximately 10 per cent of all cholecystectomies performed in England and Wales. The results suggest progress in surgical techniques compared with findings in 1990-1991.
authors.affiliation: Comparative Audit Service, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: McCloy
mesh_terms: D002758:Cholangiography; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality / Q000592:standards*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality / Q000592:standards; D004739:England; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008485:Medical Audit; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D014852:Wales