title: Detection of cytomegalovirus in semen from a population of men seeking infertility evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence of cytomegalovirus in the ejaculates of infertile men who were seropositive for IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested cytomegalovirus infection in the semen of men participating in an IVF-ET program.
  
  
  METHODS
  IgG and IgM antibodies to cytomegalovirus were measured in sera. We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cell culture to look for both cytomegalovirus DNA and infectious virus in the semen of 70 men with cytomegalovirus-specific antibodies detected in sera.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the infertile couples, 13.5% exhibited "mismatching" serology (i.e., detection of IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus in male serum only and not in female serum) and constituted a potential risk for cytomegalovirus transmission. Cytomegalovrius was identified in the semen of two patients who were positive for IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus. Cytomegalovirus DNA also was detected in one positive sample after centrifugation through a three-layer Percoll gradient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human cytomegalovirus was present in the semen from a population of infertile men. Rapid detection can be achieved by molecular techniques such as PCR combined with a hybridization assay. Even though cytomegalovirus was infrequently detected in semen, these data must be considered in determining the risk of transmission and developmental anomalies in infected fetuses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction et du Développement, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Najioullah
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keppi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thouvenot
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bosshard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lornage
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lina
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Guerin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aymard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012661:Semen / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M