title: Inhibition of platelet deposition with local delivery of heparin using a double balloon catheter.
abstract: Heparin is an effective agent in the treatment of unstable angina and myocardial infarction. The clinical utility of heparin is limited by bleeding complications. This study was performed to determine whether static delivery of heparin could effectively inhibit further platelet deposition. Thrombogenic graft segments were incorporated into chronic arteriovenous shunts in pigs. Autologous platelets were labeled with 111Indium. Platelet deposition was quantitated with gamma camera imaging. The grafts were exposed to blood flow for 15 min in order to induce platelet deposition on the thrombogenic surface. Heparin was delivered locally either by direct exposure or with a double balloon catheter. After a 15 minute exposure period, the heparin solution was removed and subsequent platelet deposition was monitored for 90 minutes. Heparin, administered with the double balloon catheter in doses as low as 12.5 U, effectively inhibited further platelet deposition. An intravenous injection of 100 U of heparin, the highest dose use for local delivery, did not perturb bleeding time or the activated partial thromboplastin time. In conclusion, platelet deposition can be inhibited with static local delivery of heparin at doses that are not associated with systemic bleeding.
authors.affiliation: Andreas R. Gruentzig Cardiovascular Center, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Viel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Cipolla
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001760:Bleeding Time; D002404:Catheterization; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013552:Swine; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D006493:Heparin