title: The performance of DSM-III-R major depression criteria in the diagnosis of bipolar mixed states.
abstract: Two hundred thirty-seven (237) manic patients diagnosed by DSM-III-R criteria as either purely manic (204) or mixed bipolar (33) were reviewed for analysis of the diagnostic performance of the DSM-III-R criteria required to diagnose the mixed bipolar state. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic efficiency of each of the 9 DSM-III-R criteria for major depression in this cohort. As predicted, four of the major depression criteria had low diagnostic utility, with PPV's less than 0.3. Those items were: weight change; sleep disturbance; psychomotor change; and diminished ability to think or concentrate or indecisiveness. Four symptoms: anhedonia, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal ideation had acceptable utility for the diagnosis of mixed states.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cassidy
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Murry
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Forest
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Carroll
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010343:Patient Admission; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results