title: Evaluation of fluorine-18-BPA-fructose for boron neutron capture treatment planning.
abstract: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) using 4-[10B]boronophenylalanine-fructose (BPA-Fr) is in Phase II clinical trials to validate BNCT as a treatment for glioblastoma multiforme and melanoma. Successful BNCT depends on knowledge of the distribution of boron-containing agents in both tumor and normal tissue as currently determined by chemical confirmation of boron deposition in surgically removed malignant tissue before BNCT.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used PET to noninvasively obtain in vivo information on the pharmacokinetics of the 18F-labeled analog of BPA-Fr in two patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Time-activity curves generated from the bolus injection of 18F-BPA-Fr were coinvolved to simulate a continuous infusion used for BNCT therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Distribution of 18F-BPA-Fr by PET was found to be consistent with tumor as identified by MR imaging. The 18F-BPA-Fr tumor-to-normal brain uptake ratio was 1.9 in Patient 1 and 3.1 in Patient 2 at 52 min after injection. The 18F-BPA-Fr uptake ratio in glioblastoma paralleled that of nonlabeled BPA-Fr seen in patients as previously determined by boron analysis of human glioblastoma tissue obtained from pre-BNCT surgical biopsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Knowledge of the biodistribution of BPA-Fr enables pre-BNCT calculation of expected tissue dosimetry for a selected dose of BPA-Fr at a specific neutron exposure. Fluorine-18-BPA-Fr PET is capable of providing in vivo BPA-Fr biodistribution data that may prove valuable for patient selection and pre-BNCT treatment planning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville 37920, USA.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Kabalka
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dyke
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Longford
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buonocore
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Hübner
mesh_terms: D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016754:Boron Neutron Capture Therapy; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D005260:Female; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005632:Fructose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D005632:Fructose; D010649:Phenylalanine; C033685:4-boronophenylalanine