title: Update on development of interleukin-11.
abstract: This paper reviews the recent studies of interleukin-11 gene expression and regulation, receptor and signal transduction, pharmacologic effects, and preclinical and clinical studies. Interleukin-11 is expressed in cells of mesenchymal origin and gene expression can be modulated by several inflammatory cytokines and agonists. The signaling pathways involved in cytokine induction of interleukin-11 gene expression vary between cell types. In vitro and in vivo studies reveal that interleukin-11 displays a wide spectrum of bioactivities including responses in hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. Preclinical studies in animal models suggest that interleukin-11 may be useful in acceleration of the recoveries of both hematopoietic cells and gastrointestinal mucosal cells after cytoablative therapies. Several clinical studies have demonstrated interleukin-11 to be well tolerated and suggest interleukin-11 is a promising cytokine to prevent both neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in patients with cancer who are receiving chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000235:genetics*; D053703:Interleukin-11 Receptor alpha Subunit; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000502:physiology*; D053702:Receptors, Interleukin-11; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C508428:IL11RA protein, human; D017370:Interleukin-11; D053703:Interleukin-11 Receptor alpha Subunit; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053702:Receptors, Interleukin-11