title: Participation in the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial: sex, race, and age.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial (IONDT) is a randomized, single masked, multicenter trial designed to assess the safety and efficacy of optic nerve decompression surgery compared with careful follow-up in patients 50 years or older with non-arteritic anterior ischemic neuropathy (NAION).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine and evaluate the sex, race, and age distributions of the screened, and subsequently enrolled, IONDT population, especially the proportions of female, minority, and elderly patients, and demographic characteristics of clinical center investigators, the geographical location of IONDT Clinical Centers, and the referral patterns of local physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five U.S. clinical centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 1,681 referrals to the Clinical Centers; an Eligibility Screening Form providing demographic information was completed for 1,152.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three percent (495/1,152) of screened cases were women. Seven percent (85/1,152) were minorities: 33 African-Americans, 34 Hispanics, 17 Asians, and 1 Native-American. The average age was 66 +/- 10 years with a range of 22-92 years of age. Of the 1,152 referred patients, 305 were eligible for randomization; 258 (85%) of these agreed to participate in the trial. The demographic makeup of the randomized IONDT patients was similar to that of the screened population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women and the elderly are well represented in the IONDT. Because the number of participating minorities was low, we cannot reliably assess their level of participation. Both a low incidence of NAION in minorities and a low referral rate of minorities to clinical trials are plausible explanations for our findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201-1715, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Crawley
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Langenberg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dickersin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000601:surgery*; D018917:Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic / Q000208:ethnology / Q000601:surgery*; D010358:Patient Participation; D018579:Patient Selection; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016037:Single-Blind Method