title: Digital necrosis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome vasculopathy treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.
abstract: Widespread digital ischemic changes and gangrene of the hands and feet is an uncommon but dramatic presentation in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We describe a patient in whom these clinical findings were associated with elevated serum endothelin levels. Because endothelin may affect the fibrinolytic system, we elected to treat with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), which resulted in salvage of tissue of the fingers and toes. Patients with HIV infection with widespread ischemic necrosis and gangrene may require treatment with corticosteroids (in the event of possible vasculitis), thrombolytic agents (for the thrombotic component), or both, unless there are contraindications to either.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota Medical School, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, 55101-2595, USA.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gertner
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood; D005385:Fingers / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D005734:Gangrene / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014034:Toes / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator