title: Anorectal function in systemic sclerosis: correlation with esophageal dysfunction?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to compare esophageal and anorectal function parameters in patients with systemic sclerosis and to define the role of anorectal manometry in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal involvement of systemic sclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six consecutive patients (22 females) with systemic sclerosis originally referred for assessment of esophageal function were evaluated by esophageal and anorectal manometry. Anorectal function parameters were compared between patients with normal and those with disturbed esophageal function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 17 of 26 patients (65 percent) had severe esophageal dysfunction with aperistalsis of the lower two-thirds of the esophagus, whereas 9 patients (35 percent) had normal esophageal manometry. Only three patients (11.5 percent) suffered from occasional fecal incontinence. Anorectal function parameters (resting pressure, maximum squeeze pressure, perception threshold) were not significantly different between patients with normal and those with disturbed esophageal motility. Rectoanal inhibitory reflex was excitable in nearly 90 percent of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In an unselected group of patients with systemic sclerosis, fecal incontinence and abnormal anorectal function are rather rare findings. Anorectal manometry cannot differentiate between patients with and without gastrointestinal involvement of systemic sclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lock
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeuner
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schölmerich
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holstege
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D012007:Rectum / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012018:Reflex; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*