title: Crash characteristics and injuries of victims impaired by alcohol versus illicit drugs.
abstract: Alcohol has long been associated with injury, but the relationship between other drugs and injury is less clear. Blood samples from 894 patients presenting to two Emergency Departments for treatment of motor vehicle injury sustained in passenger cars, station wagons, vans and pickup trucks, were tested for alcohol and other drugs. Results were related to demographic characteristics, including prior history of alcohol and drug use; crash characteristics; and injury characteristics. Alcohol was associated with more severe crashes, but other drugs, in the absence of alcohol, were not. The crashes involving drugs but no alcohol were very similar to those involving neither alcohol nor drugs.
authors.affiliation: Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2150, USA. pwaller@umich.edu
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Waller
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Blow
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Maio
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schaefer
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology*