title: Involvement of nitric oxide pathway in prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced preterm labor in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to investigate the roles of nitric oxide and prostaglandins in controlling parturition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant rats on day 18 of gestation were injected intraperitoneally with prostaglandin F2 alpha, prostaglandin F2 alpha plus diethylenetriamine-nitric oxide (a donor of nitric oxide), prostaglandin F2 alpha plus diethylenetriamine without nitric oxide, or vehicle. Uterine nitrite production, nitric oxide synthase messenger ribonucleic acid and contractile response in vitro, and serum progesterone levels were measured. The labor and delivery of the rats also were monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exogenously administered prostaglandin F2 alpha significantly inhibited nitric oxide production by the uterus in a time-dependent manner with maximal effects observed 48 hours after prostaglandin F2 alpha treatment. Messenger ribonucleic acid for inducible nitric oxide synthase but not endothelial nitric oxide synthase messenger ribonucleic acid in the uterus was significantly inhibited by prostaglandin F2 alpha with maximal inhibition at 48 hours after prostaglandin F2 alpha injection. The serum progesterone concentration was substantially reduced by prostaglandin F2 alpha, and this reduction was partially reversed by administration of diethylenetriamine-nitric oxide but not diethylenetriamine without nitric oxide. Prostaglandin F2 alpha caused increases in contractile activity of the uterus in a dose-dependent manner. Diethylenetriamine-nitric oxide (10(-4) mol/L) blocked prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced contractions. Premature parturition was induced within 48 hours after prostaglandin F2 alpha injection in 100% of the animals. Coadministration of diethylenetriamine-nitric oxide completely prevented the preterm labor induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prostaglandin F2 alpha inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase messenger ribonucleic acid and subsequent nitric oxide generation in the rat uterus. Nitric oxide can prevent prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced preterm labor, possibly by attenuating the fall in serum progesterone and blocking uterine contractions induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yallampalli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007700:Kinetics; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011073:Polyamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011073:Polyamines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C005391:diethylenetriamine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D011374:Progesterone; D015237:Dinoprost; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase