title: Antimuscarinic 3-(2-furanyl)quinuclidin-2-ene derivatives: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
abstract: A series of 25 derivatives of the muscarinic antagonist 3-(2-furanyl)quinuclidin-2-ene (4) was synthesized and evaluated for muscarinic and antimuscarinic properties. Substitution at all three positions of the furan ring has been investigated. The affinities of the new compounds were determined by competition experiments in homogenates of cerebral cortex, heart, parotid gland, and urinary bladder from guinea pigs using (-)-[3H]-3-quinuclidinyl benzilate as the radioligand, and the antimuscarinic potency was determined in a functional assay on isolated guinea pig urinary bladder using carbachol as the agonist. Several of the novel derivatives displayed high muscarinic affinities. Whereas the affinity of lead compound 4 for cortical muscarinic receptors is moderate (Ki = 300 nM), it is much higher for the 5-methyl (48; Ki = 12 nM), 5-ethyl (52; Ki = 7.4 nM), 5-bromo (33; Ki = 6.4 nM), and 3-phenyl (49; Ki = 2.8 nM) substituted derivatives. The substituent-induced increases in affinity do not appear to be additive as a 5-bromo-3-phenyl (54), and a 5-methyl-3-phenyl (55) substitution pattern only slightly increases affinity (Ki = 1.55 and 2.39 nM, respectively). The conformational preferences of the 3-phenyl (49) and 5-phenyl (51) derivatives were studied by X-ray crystallography and molecular mechanics calculations. Because of the observed high affinity of 49, a series of 16 meta- and para-substituted analogues of 49 was synthesized and tested. The m-hydroxy derivative (68) exhibited more than 10-fold improvement in affinity as compared to 49. The structure-activity relationships of the new series are well described with QSAR and CoMFA models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Sweden.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundquist
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nordvall
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brisander
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nilvebrant
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hacksell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D009206:Myocardium / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011813:Quinuclidinyl Benzilate / Q000378:metabolism; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014316:Tritium; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D011812:Quinuclidines; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D014316:Tritium; D011813:Quinuclidinyl Benzilate