title: [Hyperalgesia induced by intrathecal administration of nitroglycerin involves NMDA receptor activation in the spinal cord].
abstract: Spinal NMDA receptors are involved in hyperalgesia and chronic pain. The activation of spinal NMDA receptor results in the production of nitric oxide in the second order neurons in the spinal cord dorsal horn. We investigated the effects of intrathecally administered nitroglycerin (NTG) which releases nitric oxide in the cell. Formalin test which reflects phasic and tonic nociception was used as a nociceptive measure in rats with chronically implanted intrathecal catheters. Intrathecal injection of NTG resulted in the increase of flinching behavior induced by formalin injection to one paw in phase 1 (phasic) and phase 2 (tonic) responses in a dose-dependent manner. Intrathecally administered NMDA antagonist, MK-801 (MK) dose-dependently inhibited the effect of NTG but the effect was significant only in the phase 2 of the formalin test. MK given after formalin injection had significantly less effect on the phase 2 response. L-NAME (NOS inhibitor), MB (guanylate cyclase inhibitor) and HB (nitric oxide scavenger) significantly antagonized the hyperalgesic effect of NTG in the phase 2 of the formalin test. These results show that nitric oxide plays an important role in producing hyperalgesia in the spinal cord acting postsynaptically as well as pre-synaptically.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Koshigaya Hospital, Dokkyo University, School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuno
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester