title: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is an essential immunoregulatory cytokine in atopic dermatitis.
abstract: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is one of the immunoregulatory cytokines involved in T-cell activation and delayed-type hypersensitivity. To elucidate involvement of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), we examined serum MIF concentrations of patients with AD and non-atopic normal healthy individuals. The mean serum MIF concentration of the AD patients (n = 36) was 36.4 +/- 3.7 ng/ml (mean +/- SEM), whereas that of the non-atopic dermatitis patients (n = 17) or healthy individuals (n = 61) were 13.1 +/- 1.8 or 6.5 +/- 0.45 ng/ml, respectively. Accordingly, immunohistochemistry of the inflammatory skin lesion of an AD patient demonstrated that MIF protein was diffusely expressed throughout the whole epidermal layer. After 4-week steroid ointment treatment, the MIF concentration decreased as clinical symptoms improved. The serum level of TNF-alpha was also decreased in parallel with that of MIF. Considering the T-cell dysfunction and disordered cytokine-network reported in AD, it was strongly suggested that MIF was a critical protein for immunoregulation in the pathophysiological mechanism of AD. In this context, MIF may become a useful laboratory parameter to comprehend the clinical course of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohkawara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizue
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishihira
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D004817:Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger