title: Bacterial lipopeptides constitute efficient novel immunogens and adjuvants in parenteral and oral immunization.
abstract: Synthetic lipopeptide analogues derived from the N-terminus of bacterial lipoprotein constitute potent B-lymphocyte and macrophage/monocyte activators in vitro. In vivo they act as immunoadjuvants in parenteral and oral immunization when administered in combination with antigens. When added to bacterial or viral vaccines, lipopeptides markedly enhance the vaccine effect. After the coupling of lipopeptides to haptens or non immunogenic low molecular mass antigens, a specific antibody response is induced often after only one application of the conjugate. The response can be further enhanced by introducing haplotype specific T helper cell epitopes into the conjugate. Lipopeptide antigen conjugates can also be applied as synthetic vaccines that give protection e.g. against foot-and-mouth-disease. The novel chemically well defined lipopeptides described here can be synthesized in gram amounts with high purity and reproducibility; they are non-toxic and can be stored for long time even at room temperature. For veterinary application, by replacing Freund's adjuvant, side reactions and inflammatory processes are avoided.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Immunbiologie der Universität, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Bessler
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Baier
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: vd Esche
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heinevetter
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wiesmüller
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification; D007267:Injections; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D014765:Viral Vaccines