title: Intoxicated ED patients: a 5-year follow-up of morbidity and mortality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the rates of alcohol-related morbidity and mortality in a cohort of intoxicated ED patients 5 years after presentation and to compare them with those of non-intoxicated ED patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group comprised 150 consecutive ED patients who presented with intoxication (blood alcohol level higher than 100 mg/dL) in June 1986 and 50 control patients matched for age, sex, ED arrival time, and date. The setting was an urban university hospital ED. Morbidity and mortality over a 5-year follow-up period were measured using hospital ED and admission records from all state Level I trauma centers and computerized statewide databases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year mortality rate among alcohol-intoxicated patients was 2.4 times that of the comparison group (95% confidence interval, .3 to 18.9). The 5-year death rate among intoxicated patients aged 40 to 69 years was especially high (19%). Thirty-seven percent of the intoxicated patients made at least one alcohol-related ED revisit during the follow-up period, compared with 6% of the comparison group (P < .001). Intoxicated patients were more likely to revisit EDs because of suicidal behavior or domestic violence (P = .001). Admission to an alcohol detoxification unit during the follow-up period occurred in 24% of the intoxicated patients, compared with 10% of the sober controls (P = .03). At least one arrest for drunk driving occurred in 47% of the intoxicated group; the rate was lower, but still substantial, in the comparison group (20%, P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single alcohol-related ED visit is an important predictor of continued problem drinking, alcohol-impaired driving and, possibly, premature death.
authors.affiliation: Colorado Emergency Medicine Research Center, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koziol-McLain
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Timken
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lowenstein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D002423:Cause of Death; D003120:Colorado; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014505:Urban Population