title: [Three cases of thymic hyperplasia associated with hyperthyroidism].
abstract: We encountered three cases of thymic hyperplasia associated with hyperthyroidism. Case 1 was in a 35-year-old woman; a chest CT scan showed an anterior mediastinal mass and right-sided pleural effusion, which suggested the presence of a thymoma Case 2 was in a 21-year-old man who complained of palpebral ptosis and also had myasthenia gravis (Osserman type I). Case 3 was in a 47-year-old woman; a chest CT scan showed thymic hyperplasia and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. In all cases, anti-thyroid medication was given first, because of the associations with hyperthyroidism. Moreover, in cases 1 and 2 no tumor was found, and only hyperplasia was detected in the thymus, although both patients underwent extended thymectomy. Furthermore, surgery was not effective against the hyperthyroidism (anti-thyroid medication could not be withdrawn or reduced). In cases 2 and 3, thymic hyperplasia, as seen on chest CT scans, resolved as thyroid function was normalized by anti-thyroid medication. The pretracheal lymphadenopathy seen in case 3 also resolved. Thymic hyperplasia may have been a result, not a cause, of hyperthyroidism. When we encounter patients with thymic masses and hyperthyroidism, we should give anti-thyroid medication and observe the thymus for some time before resorting to surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Surgery, Toyota Memorial Hospital, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urakami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kasugai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugino
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usui
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D013956:Antithyroid Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013934:Thymectomy; D013952:Thymus Hyperplasia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D013956:Antithyroid Agents