title: The oncology clinical nurse specialist in a post-master's nurse practitioner program: a personal and professional journey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the evolution of the advanced practice role in oncology nursing and the authors' educational experiences and role transitions as they progressed through a post-master's nurse practitioner (NP) certificate program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Professional literature and personal experiences of two experienced oncology clinical nurse specialists (CNSs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite historical differences between CNS and NP roles, the authors did not subtract or detract from their CNS roles but added new skills to their established roles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Skills that define both the NP and CNS roles must be maintained to effectively meet the current healthcare needs of patients with cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many CNSs are returning to school to obtain their NP credentials. Although assimilating new skills and knowledge into an already established professional identity was a challenging undertaking, the authors viewed the experience as essential in preparing them to meet the demands of the changing healthcare environment.
authors.affiliation: Oncology Advanced Practice Nurse Program, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, USA.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kreamer
mesh_terms: D004511:Education, Nursing, Graduate / Q000266:history; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009720:Nurse Clinicians / Q000193:education* / Q000266:history; D009722:Nurse Practitioners / Q000193:education* / Q000266:history; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000193:education* / Q000266:history; D010687:Philosophy, Nursing