title: [Typing, resistance behavior and occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in a surgical intensive care unit].
abstract: Over a period of three years, the frequency of the appearance of methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains (MRSA) was observed on a surgical intensive care unit. During this above-mentioned period of investigation it came to a heaped occurrence of nosocomial infections on this ICU with altogether 332 S. aureus-stems being isolated from different patient specimen. 204 (61.5%) of these were resistant against methicillin and could be divided into 48 first- and 156 follow-up-isolates. The thereupon accomplished differentiation of the 48 MRSA-first isolates by means of lysotyping and the pioneered GenePath Strain Typing System for a standardized pulsed-field-gel-electrophoresis (PFGE) gave the proof of 7 different MRSA-types. Around 7 different, in part parallel chains of infection on this ICU were observed, which could be led back to different strains. In reference to all analyzed S. aureus, an especially high rate (90%) of MRSA on this ICU could be isolated in taken wound-swabs, followed by 83.3% MRSA at catheter tips and 71,9% in tracheal and bronchial secretion. A consideration of the antibiotic susceptibility yielded, that also gentamicin and the quinolones showed an in-vitro resistance against MRSA, while fosfomycin, fusidic acid, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole reached positive responding rates between 80 and 100%. On the other hand, presently still 100% of the explored MRSA-strains are susceptible for glycopeptides such as vancomycin and teicoplanin. Because of intensive hospital hygienic measures the number of newly isolated MRSA could be reduced clearly on this ward.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Virologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Geisel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lenz
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kamla
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Heinz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Idel
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hadding
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008712:Methicillin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012621:Seasons; D012703:Serotyping; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D008712:Methicillin