title: Unilateral nephrectomy in a juvenile llama.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and surgical management of a llama with an ectopic ureter.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine-month-old female llama.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diagnostic evaluation included the use of computed tomography and an excretory ureterogram to confirm and identify the location of the ectopic ureter. Surgical management involved a unilateral nephrectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Computed tomography is a valuable asset to diagnose the presence and terminal location of an ectopic ureter in llamas, and nephrectomy appears to be a viable procedure to resolve the subsequent urinary incontinence.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van Hoogmoed
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Harmon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002161:Camelids, New World; D002828:Choristoma / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary; D014513:Ureter; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*