title: Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors and dominant negative cyclin dependent kinase 4 and 6 promote survival of NGF-deprived sympathetic neurons.
abstract: Neuronal apoptosis plays a critical role in both normal development and disease. However, the precise molecular events controlling neuronal apoptosis are not well understood. Previously, we hypothesized that cell cycle regulatory molecules function in controlling the apoptotic pathways of trophic factor-deprived neurons. To test this hypothesis, we used the RNA alphavirus Sindbis to express three known cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs), p16(ink4), p21(waf/cip), and p27(kip1), and dominant negative mutant forms of four known G1 cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), Cdk2, Cdk3, Cdk4, and Cdk6, in primary cultured rat superior cervical ganglion sympathetic neurons. We demonstrate that expression of each of the CKIs protects the postmitotic cultured neurons from apoptotic death evoked by withdrawal of NGF. In addition, we show that expression of dominant negative forms of Cdk4 or Cdk6, but not Cdk2 or Cdk3, protects NGF-deprived sympathetic neurons from death. Such findings suggest the participation of several CDKs and their cognate cyclins in a neuronal apoptotic pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Greene
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D051360:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000502:physiology; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D012845:Sindbis Virus / Q000235:genetics; D017783:Superior Cervical Ganglion / Q000166:cytology*; D014162:Transfection; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; C493962:Cdkn1b protein, rat; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C051541:cell-binding immunoglobulin-like protein, human; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D051360:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; C495892:Cdk2 protein, rat; C495903:Cdk4 protein, rat; C495907:Cdk5 protein, rat; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases