title: [Intracranial diffusion. A complication of retrobulbar anesthesia].
abstract: Retrobulbar anesthesia is considered a safe, effective local-regional technique for ocular surgery. However, local complications that can arise from needle trauma during injection, include retrobulbar hemorrhage, perforation of the ocular globe and occlusion of the artery and/or the central vein of the retina. Systemic complications, such as respiratory arrest, convulsions and cardiovascular collapse, have also been reported, and although they only occur in less than 1% of cases, they are potentially life threatening. We report two cases of intracranial diffusion after retrobulbar anesthesia and describe possible mechanisms that may contribute to its development.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marqués-González
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Onrubia-Fuertes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellver-Romero
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Seller Losada
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pertusa-Collado
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barberá-Alacreu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002045:Bupivacaine; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; D008012:Lidocaine; D015878:Mydriasis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012133:Respiratory Paralysis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; D002045:Bupivacaine