title: Urodynamic effects of intravesical resiniferatoxin in humans: preliminary results in stable and unstable detrusor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Resiniferatoxin, a substance isolated from some species of euphorbia, a cactus-like plant, presents pharmacological effects similar to those of capsaicin. We studied the urodynamic effects of intravesical resiniferatoxin* in normal subjects and patients with unstable detrusor contraction to provide insight into the action mechanism of the molecule on sensory neurons and possible future pharmacological and clinical use.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 15 subjects with normal (8 patients) or unstable detrusor muscle (1 with detrusor instability and 6 with detrusor hyperreflexia) underwent urodynamic assessment during and after intravesical instillation of resiniferatoxin. Volume required to elicit the first desire to void, maximum bladder capacity and maximum bladder pressure were recorded during instillation of resiniferatoxin at a flow rate of 20 ml. per minute (normal subjects) or 15 minutes after instillation of 30 cc of a saline solution containing 10(-8) M. of resiniferatoxin and kept for 30 minutes in patients with unstable detrusor. The experiment was examined by the analysis of variance for repeated measures and post hoc comparisons were performed by Tukey-Kramer procedure. A p value <0.05 was accepted as significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resiniferatoxin did not decrease the volume required to elicit the first desire to void and did not produce warm or burning sensations at the suprapubic/urethral level during infusion in subjects with normal detrusor function. In patients with bladder hyperactivity mean bladder capacity increased from 175.28 ml. plus or minus standard deviation 36.05 to 280.85 ml. plus or minus standard deviation 93.33 (p <0.01) immediately after treatment, and no significant modification of bladder pressure was recorded. Four weeks after treatment, bladder capacity remained increased in 2 patients but mean capacity did not increase significantly from 175.28 ml. plus or minus standard deviation 36.053 to 216.71 plus or minus standard deviation 86.91. The 2 patients with stable increase of bladder capacity reported significant clinical improvement of frequency, nocturia and incontinence 4 weeks later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that in humans there may be substantial differences in urodynamic effects between resiniferatoxin and capsaicin when the drugs are instilled into the bladder. Further studies, in vitro and in vivo, are necessary to define the pharmacological and clinical effects of resiniferatoxin. Because resiniferatoxin did not produce warm or burning sensations at the suprapubic/urethral level during infusion and seems to have rapid desensitization, it could be an interesting alternative to intravesical capsaicin in the treatment of select cases of bladder hyperactivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Ferrara, Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazzeri
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beneforti
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turini
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000328:Adult; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004224:Diterpenes; D009498:Neurotoxins; C024353:resiniferatoxin