title: Neonatal, lethal noncompaction of the left ventricular myocardium is allelic with Barth syndrome.
abstract: Loss-of-function mutations in the G4.5 gene have been shown to cause Barth syndrome (BTHS), an X-linked disorder characterized by cardiac and skeletal myopathy, short stature, and neutropenia. We recently reported a family with a severe X-linked cardiomyopathy described as isolated noncompaction of the left ventricular myocardium (INVM). Other findings associated with BTHS (skeletal myopathy, neutropenia, growth retardation, elevated urinary organic acids, and mitochondrial abnormalities) were either absent or inconsistent. A linkage study of the X chromosome localized INVM to the Xq28 region near the BTHS locus, suggesting that these disorders are allelic. We screened the G4.5 gene for mutations in this family with SSCP and direct sequencing and found a novel glycine-to-arginine substitution at position 197. This position is conserved in a homologous Caenorhabditis elegans protein. We conclude that INVM is a severe allelic variant of BTHS with a specific effect on the heart. This finding provides further structure-function information about the G4.5 gene product and has implications for unexplained cases of severe infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Bleyl
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Mumford
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Pysher
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D000217:Acyltransferases; D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006239:Haplotypes; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010375:Pedigree; D017354:Point Mutation; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013577:Syndrome; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014589:Utah; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000235:genetics*; D014960:X Chromosome
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000217:Acyltransferases; C108675:TAFAZZIN protein, human