title: Platelet adenylate cyclase and monoamine oxidase in women with alcoholism or a family history of alcoholism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Characteristic changes of platelet membrane monoamine oxidase and adenylate cyclase activities have been described in men with alcoholism. We studied the occurrence of these changes in abstinent alcoholic women and in nonalcoholic female control subjects with and without family histories of alcoholism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were collected from 23 female alcoholics and 39 nonalcoholic female social drinkers. Platelet membrane assays were performed for monoamine oxidase and adenylate cyclase activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alcoholic women had lower basal adenylate cyclase (p < 0.01) and adenylate cyclase activities stimulated by cesium fluoride (p < 0.001), by the guanine nucleotide analog 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate (p < 0.02), and by prostaglandin E1 (p < 0.01). Female control subjects with family histories of alcoholism also had lower basal adenylate cyclase (p < 0.01) and adenylate cyclase activities enhanced by incubation with cesium fluoride (p < 0.005) and 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate (p < 0.001). Monoamine oxidase activity levels measured with (p < 0.001) and without ethanol (p < 0.01) were higher for alcoholic women. No significant differences were found between female control subjects with and without family histories of alcoholism for monoamine oxidase in the absence or presence of ethanol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vitro platelet adenylate cyclase activity may facilitate a diagnosis of alcoholism in women and may be a biologic indicator of vulnerability in the offspring of alcoholics.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boston, Mass., USA.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Lex
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ellingboe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: LaRosa
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Teoh
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Mendelson
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000097:blood*; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases