title: Simple and rapid determination of enflurane in human tissues using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: A simple, rapid and reliable method was devised to determine the levels of enflurane in human tissues, using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 1,4-Dioxane was used as an internal standard (I.S.). Enflurane and the I.S. were extracted from 0.25 g of body tissues using an automatic headspace sampler and 1 ml of headspace gas was injected into the gas chromatograph. Enflurane was analyzed qualitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantitatively by gas chromatography with a flame-ionization detector. The calibration curves in all tissues examined were linear in the concentration range 1-100 microg/0.25 g. The lower limit of detection was 200-300 ng/0.25 g. The accuracy and precision of this method were evaluated at two different concentrations, 1 and 20 microg/0.25 g. The coefficient of variation ranged from 3.4-13.4%. We used this method to determine the presence of enflurane in tissues from an autopsied individual who died suddenly during extirpation of a malignant tumor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ise
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jitsufuchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000097:blood*; D004737:Enflurane / Q000097:blood*; D005410:Flame Ionization; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D004737:Enflurane