title: In vitro and in vivo characterization of a human anti-c-erbB-2 single-chain Fv isolated from a filamentous phage antibody library.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antibody-based reagents have failed to live up to their anticipated role as highly specific targeting agents for cancer therapy. Targeting with human single-chain Fv (sFv) molecules may overcome some of the limitations of murine IgG, but are difficult to produce with conventional hybridoma technology. Alternatively, phage display of antibody gene repertoires can be used to produce human sFv.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To isolate and characterize human single chain Fvs which bind to c-erbB-2, an oncogene product overexpressed by 30-50% of breast carcinomas and other adenocarcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  A non-immune human single-chain Fv phage antibody library was selected on human c-erbB extracellular domain and sFv characterized with respect to affinity, binding kinetics, and in vivo pharmacokinetics in tumor-bearing scid mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A human single-chain Fv (C6.5) was isolated which binds specifically to c-erbB-2. C6.5 is entirely human in sequence, expresses at high level as native protein in E. coli, and is easily purified in high yield in two steps. C6.5 binds to immobilized c-erbB-2 extracellular domain with a Kd of 1.6 x 10(-8) M and to c-erbB-2 on SK-OV-3 cells with a Kd of 2.0 x 10(-8) M, an affinity that is similar to sFv produced against the same antigen from hybridomas. Biodistribution studies demonstrate 1.47% injected dose/g tumor 24 h after injection of 125I-C6.5 into scid mice bearing SK-OV-3 tumors. Tumor:normal organ ratios range from 8.9:1 for kidney to 283:1 for muscle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results are the first in vivo biodistribution studies using an sFv isolated from a non-immune human repertoire and confirm the specificity of sFv produced in this manner. The use of phage display to produce C6.5 mutants with higher affinity and slower k(off) would permit rigorous evaluation of the role of antibody affinity and binding kinetics in tumor targeting, and could result in the production of a therapeutically useful targeting protein for radioimmunotherapy and other applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schier
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Apell
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: McCartney
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bookman
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Huston
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Houston
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Weiner
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments / Q000737:chemistry*; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000737:chemistry; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000737:chemistry; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019151:Peptide Library; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000276:immunology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D019151:Peptide Library; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C055966:immunoglobulin Fv