Therapeutic advances: protease inhibitors for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.
BACKGROUND
Anti-retroviral treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is undergoing great changes, brought about by a better understanding of the disease pathology. One of the most recent advances has been the introduction of the protease inhibitors, reversible inhibitors of HIV aspartic protease. Published data on the clinical efficacy of these drugs are limited, but preliminary results suggest that, in combination with one or more nucleoside analogues, they represent an important advance in the treatment of patients with advanced HIV infection. The adverse effects and potential for drug interactions, together with the additional cost associated with prescribing these drugs, mean that careful selection and supervision of these patients is imperative.


OBJECTIVE
To present an up-to-date review of the three most recently introduced protease inhibitors.


METHODS
Based on a review of the literature, abstracts from relevant meetings and information from the pharmaceutical companies.


BACKGROUND
A review including background data on HIV infection and the treatment options. Detailed information on ritonavir, saquinavir and indinavir.


CONCLUSIONS
These new drugs are useful additions to the therapeutic current aims for the treatment of HIV infection. They need to be used under close supervision by specialists.
Misson
J
J
Department of Medicines Management, Keele University, U.K.
Clark
W
W
Kendall
M J
MJ
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005544:Forecasting; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019258:Saquinavir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D019469:Indinavir; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D019258:Saquinavir; D019438:Ritonavir