title: Intraoperative functional MRI using a real-time neurosurgical navigation system.
abstract: A 42-year-old-man had focal left hand motor seizures. MR studies demonstrated a right posterior frontal brain tumor. Functional MRI was performed, localizing the motor cortex posterior to the lesion. The functional images were integrated with a neurosurgical navigation computer. A real-time intraoperative display of the anatomic and functional images was produced, registered to a neurosurgical probe. Excellent correlation was demonstrated between the functional maps and invasive electrophysiologic mapping performed at the time of craniotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiolgy, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Maldjian
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schulder
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hirschorn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carmel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalnin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000473:pathology*