title: Subcellular localization, substrate specificity and crystallization of duodenase, a potential activator of enteropeptidase.
abstract: Duodenase, a serine protease from bovine duodenum mucosa, was located in endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi secretory granules of epithelial cells and ducts of Brunner's glands by the A-gold immunocytochemical method. Duodenase exhibits trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like specificities with a preference for substrates having lysine at the P1 and proline at the P2 positions. The kinetic constants for the hydrolysis of 21 potential duodenase substrates are reported. The best substrates were found to be alpha-N-tosylglycylprolyllysine 4-nitroanilide (k[cat]/Km of 35000 M[-1] s[-1]), alpha-N-succinylthreonylprolyllysine 4-nitroanilide (k[cat]/Km of 18000 M[-1] s[-1]) and alpha-N-serylprolyllysine 4-nitroanilide (k[cat]/Km of 2600 m[-1] s[-1]), all of which contain the P1-P3 sequence of the enteropeptidase zymogen/activation site. On the basis of its catalytic properties and sites of localization, duodenase has been postulated to be an activator of the enteropeptidase precursor. A tetradecapeptide (LVTQEVSPKIVGGS) having the P9-P5'sequence of the cleavage site of zymogen activation of bovine proenteropeptidase was synthesized, and kinetic parameters of its hydrolysis by duodenase were determined (Km of 87 microM; k[cat] of 1.4 s[-1]; k[cat]/Km of 16000 M[-1] s[-1]). Crystals of duodenase frozen in a stream of liquid nitrogen diffracted synchrotron X-rays to 0.2-nm resolution.
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia. tatyana@enzyme.siobc.ras.ru
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Zamolodchikova
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Sokolova
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Alexandrov
authors.forename: I I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Mikhaleva
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Prudchenko
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Morozov
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Kononenko
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Mirgorodskaya
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Da
authors.forename: N I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Larionova
authors.forename: V F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Pozdnev
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Duax
authors.forename: T I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Vorotyntseva
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002417:Cattle; D003460:Crystallization; D004386:Duodenum / Q000201:enzymology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004765:Enteropeptidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007700:Kinetics; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D015388:Organelles / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C078261:duodenase; D014357:Trypsin; D004765:Enteropeptidase