title: Lipopolysaccharides and beta-glucuronidase activity in choledochal bile in relation to choledocholithiasis.
abstract: Common duct gallstones are mainly of the brown pigment type, which are usually attributed to bacterial factors. Bacterial beta-glucuronidase most probably plays a role in the pathogenesis in many but not all patients. The role of other bacterial factors is more undecided. The aims of this study were to investigate a possible association between lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and choledocholithiasis, and to examine the interrelationship to beta-glucuronidase. Common duct bile obtained at endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in 86 patients was assayed for LPS by a limulus amebocyte lysate test, and beta-glucuronidase activity at pH 7.0 was measured. We found that both elevated concentration of LPS and the presence of juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula were associated with common duct stones (p < 0.01, both). Patients who had their common duct stones removed recently had a lower LPS concentration and a lower activity of beta-glucuronidase than those who had a stone in situ (p < 0.01, both), but still higher LPS concentration than those without choledocholithiasis at all (p < 0.01). In multiple logistic regression analysis, elevated LPS was the significant predictor of common duct stones (p < 0.01), and not confounding with neither beta-glucuronidase nor juxtapapillary diverticula. We conclude that gram-negative bacteria convey bacterial factors associated with choledocholithiasis, by mechanisms independent of, and additional to beta-glucuronidase.
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology, Ullevål Hospital, Oslo, Norway. tosnes@ulrik.uio.no
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Osnes
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sandstad
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Skar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osnes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D004240:Diverticulum / Q000150:complications; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008033:Limulus Test; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D005966:Glucuronidase