The role of the endothelium in inflammation and tumor metastasis.
In inflammation, cells interact with extracellular matrices or neighboring cells by a spatio-temporal intervention pattern of specific cell surface receptors and adhesion molecules. Resident cells of the injured tissue communicate with circulating effector cells by cytokines and direct cell-cell contact. These cytokines stimulate expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E- and P-selectin on endothelial cell surfaces and upregulate beta 2-integrins and ICAM-1 on luminal leukocytes. White blood cells then adhere to the activated endothelial cells, migrate through the vessel wall, and penetrate areas of infection or tissue damage. The basis for a cellular immune response is formed by the interaction between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells amplified by adhesion molecule LFA-1,2,3 to ICAM-1 binding.
Siegel
G
G
Institute of Physiology, Free University of Berlin, Germany.
Malmsten
M
M
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D002118:Calcium