title: Differentiation between naproxen, naproxen-protein conjugates, and naproxen-lysine in plasma via micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography--a new approach in the bioanalysis of drug targeting preparations.
abstract: Pharmacotherapy through the targeting of drugs is a promising new approach that requires adequate analytical methods capable of differentiating between the free drug, the drug carrier, and metabolites. Using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC), we report the separation of naproxen (NAP) from NAP covalently coupled to human serum albumin or to mannosylated serum albumin and the metabolite naproxen-lysine. An assay for selective analysis of the different forms of NAP by direct plasma injection was developed with salicylate as internal standard and solute detection by laser-induced fluorescence. Compared with previously applied techniques, including HPLC and total plasma fluorescence, MECC offers the advantage that free and covalently bound NAP can be differentiated in one run and can be accurately monitored in microliter quantities of plasma. Summation of all NAP equivalents determined by MECC revealed data that compare well with those produced by total plasma fluorescence and HPLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reichen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Thormann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004337:Drug Carriers; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008358:Mannose / Q000737:chemistry; D009288:Naproxen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004337:Drug Carriers; D012709:Serum Albumin; C109080:naproxen-lysine; D009288:Naproxen; D008239:Lysine; D008358:Mannose