title: Intrauterine device localization by three-dimensional transvaginal sonography.
abstract: Our objective was to investigate the possible role of three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound in the visualization of an intrauterine device (IUD) for routine follow-up after insertion. A total of 96 women were examined after insertion of a TCu380A IUD. Three-dimensional ultrasonographic imaging was carried out using a special vaginal probe and a commercially available ultrasound machine at a mean interval of 22 days after insertion. Complete simultaneous imaging of all parts of the IUD was possible in 95% of cases. In the three-plane mode, all parts of the IUD could be visualized in 64% and in a further 30 cases this was possible only after volume rendering. In two women, incomplete opening of the two arms of the device was demonstrated. In one of these cases, the entire IUD was displaced into the cervical canal. In another case, an intrauterine pregnancy was found together with an IUD in the correct position. Three-dimensional ultrasound provides useful information on the location of the IUD following insertion. It enables imaging of the entire IUD, i.e. the shaft and the arms, simultaneously. Additionally, the examination time can be kept to a minimum with this new technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy, University Hospital Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Eppel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sam
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kratochwil
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deutinger
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bernaschek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D011247:Pregnancy; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*; D014599:Uterus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*