title: Lack of cross-tolerance to short-term linsidomine in forearm resistance vessels and dorsal hand veins in subjects with nitroglycerin tolerance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Therapy with nitroglycerin is widely used in the treatment of angina pectoris, but development of tolerance is a major problem. Nitrovasodilators other than nitroglycerin may be less prone to induce vascular tolerance. This investigation was designed to test whether the alternative nitric oxide donor linsidomine maintains its vasodilator effects in the presence of nitroglycerin tolerance.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested the vascular effects of nitroglycerin and linsidomine (SIN-1) in forearm resistance arteries (venous occlusion plethysmography) and hand veins (venous compliance technique) using a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled regimen in 33 healthy subjects (age range, 22 to 38 years; mean age, 26 years) before and after 7 days of assignment to either 1 week of nitroglycerin administration (0.83 mg/hr) for induction of tolerance or placebo administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vascular responses of both vascular beds to nitroglycerin (in veins: mean difference, 42.3%; confidence interval [CI], 3% to 81.7%; p < 0.05; in arteries: mean difference, 65.0%; CI, 38.9% to 91.1%; p < 0.01) but not to linsidomine (in veins: mean difference, -13.8%; CI, -53.5 to 25.8%; not significant; in arteries: -19.7%; CI, -33.7% to -5.6%; not significant) were attenuated in the nitroglycerin patch group, whereas the placebo group showed no differences to either nitroglycerin (in arteries: mean difference, -7.5%; CI, -44.6% to 29.6%; in veins: -10.6%; CI, -58.2% to 36.9%) or linsidomine (in arteries: 4.5%; CI, -12.8% to 21.7%; in veins: -13.1%; CI, -4.5% to 29.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that short-term administration of sydnonimines can overcome the loss of vascular relaxation associated with long-term nitroglycerin therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sütsch
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bracht
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kiowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C002385:linsidomine; D008981:Molsidomine; D005996:Nitroglycerin