title: [Conservative treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in bladder cancer invading the muscle: preliminary results of a prospective study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the possibility and safety of conservative treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer and to identify the prognostic factors for survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 33 patients with invasive bladder cancer, clinical stages T2-4NxM0, were treated with aggressive transurethral resection (TUR) followed by three cycles of neoadjuvant methotrexate, cisplatin and vinblastine (MCV) chemotherapy and radiotherapy (60 Gy to the bladder). Cystectomy was recommended to patients without complete response to TUR and MCV chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  31 of the 33 patients included in the study completed the protocol and were evaluable. The clinical complete response rate to TUR and MCV chemotherapy was 68% (21/31 Pts.). With a median follow-up of 39 months (range 12-78), 25/31 patients (81%) are alive and 24 (77%) have functioning preserved bladders. Four out of 31 patients (13%) developed distant metastases. The 5-year overall survival and disease free interval was 74.6% and 53.5%, respectively. By multivariate analysis response after TUR and chemotherapy (p = 0.022) was the more important risk factor associated with survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that MCV chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy may be effective in preserving bladder function in a high number of patients, with a survival rate comparable to that reported after cystectomy. The true efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains to be proven by ongoing randomized trials.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zapatero
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pinar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arellano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pérez Torrubia
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011867:Radioisotope Teletherapy; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012074:Remission Induction; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014747:Vinblastine; D002945:Cisplatin; D008727:Methotrexate