title: Deficient colour vision and interpretation of histopathology slides: cross sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether histopathologists with deficient colour vision make more errors in slide interpretation than those with normal colour vision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Examination of projected transparencies of histopathological slides under standardised conditions by subjects whose colour discriminating ability was accurately assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Departments of histopathology in 45 hospitals in the United Kingdom.
  
  
  METHODS
  270 male histopathologists and medical laboratory scientific officers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Number of slides correctly identified by subjects whose colour vision was measured on the Ishihara, City University, and Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (SD) scores (out of 10) for doctors with colour deficient vision were 9.4 (0.7) v 9.9 (0.4) for controls (P < 0.01) and 7.5 (1.6) v 9.4 (0.7) for scientific officers (P < 0.001). When subjects with colour deficient vision were categorised into severe, moderate, or mild, there was a significant trend towards those with severe deficiency making more mistakes (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histopathologists and medical laboratory scientific officers should have their colour vision tested; if they are found to have a severe protan or deutan deficiency, they should be advised to adopt a safe system of working.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Health, Dudley Priority Health NHS Trust, Central Clinic.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Poole
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Christie
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Birch
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003117:Color Vision Defects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017056:Medical Laboratory Personnel / Q000592:standards*; D010336:Pathology / Q000592:standards*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D006113:United Kingdom