title: Tracheal administration of atropine in children--effect on heart rate.
abstract: Forty-one ASA I patients, aged 2-6 years, anaesthetized for elective ear, nose and throat surgery, were studied in a double blind and randomized fashion in order to examine the effect of tracheally administered atropine 0.02 mg.kg-1 or saline 0.9% on heart rate. In patients receiving atropine heart rate increased 8.8 beats.min-1 (8.7%) and 16.2 beats.min-1 (16.0%) after 3 and 5 min respectively. No increase in heart rate was seen in the saline group. Because of the late onset of action and only moderate increase in heart rate it is concluded that tracheal administration of atropine 0.02 mg.kg-1 to children is insufficient in emergency situations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ostergaard
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000770:Anesthesia, Endotracheal; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D001285:Atropine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004423:Ear / Q000601:surgery; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010614:Pharynx / Q000601:surgery; D010919:Placebos; D012965:Sodium Chloride
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D010919:Placebos; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D001285:Atropine; D010100:Oxygen