title: Extended neck dissection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study defines the clinical settings in which extended radical neck dissection (ERND) was performed and determines its impact on control of disease in the neck and on survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of 106 patients undergoing ERND between 1984 and 1993. Most (76) had metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that had extended to extranodal structures in the upper neck.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five-year disease-free survival was 39%, and disease was controlled in the neck in 72 patients (68%) with a median follow-up of 5.5 years. A trend toward better survival was seen in patients with SCC (47% at 5 years), compared with those with other histologies (24% at 5 years; P <0.12). Patients with levels I, II, or III involved had better survival (46% at 5 years) than those with level IV, V, or multiple levels involved (14% at 5 years; P <0.0088). Finally, when prior radiation therapy precluded additional irradiation of the neck, survival was only 22% at 5 years, compared with 47% for those who received postoperative radiation (P <0.017).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although advanced neck disease invading adjacent structures remains an ominous sign, neck control and 5-year survival were achieved in nearly one half of these patients when multimodality therapy was possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Carew
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Spiro
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D037981:Neck Dissection; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D013997:Time Factors