title: Different expressions of sialyl Tn antigen between polypoid and flat-type early colorectal cancers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sialyl Tn (STn) antigen is a cancer-associated carbohydrate antigen expressed in cancers of the digestive tract. We compared the proportion of specimens of flat-type colorectal cancers expressing STn with that of polypoid cancers, by examining the immunohistochemical reactivity of STn in various morphologic types of early and advanced colorectal cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 111 biopsies from the colorectal area were examined for STn expression, including 11 adenomas, 58 early cancers, and 42 advanced cancers. Each section was stained immunohistochemically for STn antigen. In each section, we examined STn expression in the cancer area, adjacent mucosa, and normal epithelium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  STn expression was detected in 90.9 percent of adenomas, 36.2 percent of early cancers (T1), 64.3 percent of advanced cancers (>T1), and 52 percent of mucosa adjacent to cancer. The morphology of cancer tissue did not influence the number of specimens exhibiting STn antigen expression in mucosa adjacent to cancer cells. STn antigen was rarely expressed in flat or depressed-type early cancers (T1; 7.1 percent), and the expression was higher in moderately than in well-differentiated adenocarcinomas. In advanced cancers (>T1), a similar proportion of protruding and small ulcerative cancers expressed STn.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the low expression of STn antigen in flat-type cancers may be the result of different mechanisms of cellular transformation during carcinogenesis from the usual adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nanashima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagoe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasutake
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kusano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ayabe
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018253:Adenoma, Villous / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D012007:Rectum / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C055491:sialosyl-Tn antigen