title: Identifying cytologic characteristics and grading endocervical columnar cell abnormalities. A study aided by high-definition television.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the ability of cytotechnologists to recognize and accurately interpret selected architectural, cellular and nuclear features presented on a high-definition television (HDTV) and to make a reliable diagnosis with HDTV.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,122 features considered diagnostic of different endocervical columnar cell abnormalities were selected from 50 smears from 48 women with the help of a motor-driven-stage microscope by five observers who had knowledge of the final diagnosis. The selected and stored features were presented on an HDTV and evaluated in five successive sessions without knowledge of the final diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Specific types of features were correctly identified in a high number of cases. Considerable interobserver variability was demonstrated in the scoring of grades of expression of features. Overrated and under-rated monitor diagnoses were related to overvalued and undervalued features. From a group of 437 images that were correctly diagnosed by four or five observers, five features proved to be highly related to the correct diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Observers were capable of making a reliable diagnosis on features, selected by other observers, when presented on an HDTV. An overall correct diagnosis was made in 93% of cases.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: van Aspert-van Erp
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: van't Hof-Grootenboer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brugal
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Vooijs
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013690:Television; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears