title: Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: The hypothesis that quiescent CD4+ T lymphocytes carrying proviral DNA provide a reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was examined. In a study of 22 patients successfully treated with HAART for up to 30 months, replication-competent virus was routinely recovered from resting CD4+ T lymphocytes. The frequency of resting CD4+ T cells harboring latent HIV-1 was low, 0.2 to 16.4 per 10(6) cells, and, in cross-sectional analysis, did not decrease with increasing time on therapy. The recovered viruses generally did not show mutations associated with resistance to the relevant antiretroviral drugs. This reservoir of nonevolving latent virus in resting CD4+ T cells should be considered in deciding whether to terminate treatment in patients who respond to HAART.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Finzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hermankova
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pierson
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Carruth
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Chaisson
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chadwick
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Margolick
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brookmeyer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gallant
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markowitz
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Richman
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Siliciano
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D002469:Cell Separation; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009154:Mutation; D011533:Proviruses / Q000502:physiology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia; D016662:Virus Integration; D017735:Virus Latency; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral