title: Clinafloxacin (CL 960) is superior to standard therapeutics in the treatment of murine listeriosis and salmonellosis.
abstract: Clinafloxacin is a novel fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both gramnegative and grampositive bacteria. In this work, the activity against the facultatively intracellular bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium was examined in vitro, in tissue culture and in animal models of infection. All strains of L. monocytogenes and S. enterica were highly susceptible against clinafloxacin, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) that were consistently lower than those for ampicillin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Clinafloxacin was rapidly bactericidal against L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium since 8 times the MIC killed the bacteria within 2 hours. In contrast to ampicillin and ciprofloxacin, there was a postantibiotic effect (PAE) of 2 hours with 8 x MIC on L. monocytogenes. Clinafloxacin was more effective than ampicillin and ciprofloxacin in tissue culture cells infected with S. typhimurium or L. monocytogenes. In animal models of infection, clinafloxacin was also more potent than the reference substances. In conclusion, clinafloxacin is an excellent candidate substance for the treatment of infections caused by facultatively intracellular grampositive and gramnegative bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nichterlein
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bornitz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kretschmar
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hof
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015363:Quinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000187:drug effects; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D010406:Penicillins; D015363:Quinolones; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D000667:Ampicillin; C057477:clinafloxacin