title: Role of passenger leukocytes in allograft rejection: effect of depletion of donor alveolar macrophages on the local production of TNF-alpha, T helper 1/T helper 2 cytokines, IgG subclasses, and pathology in a rat model of lung transplantation.
abstract: Acute lung allograft rejection is believed to be initiated by passenger leukocytes, such as alveolar macrophages (AM), in the donor organ, which release TNF-alpha, and present alloantigens to host lymphocytes, to up-regulated Th1 cellular and humoral immunity. However, the role of donor AM in local TNF-alpha synthesis, and their ability to induce local Th1 cellular and humoral immunity have not been evaluated. By depleting Brown Norway (BN, RT1n) rat lung allografts of AM before transplantation into Lewis rat (LEW, RT1(1)) recipients, the current study determined the role of donor AM in including the production of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma (Th1 cytokine), IL-4 (Th2 cytokine), IgG subtypes, and rejection pathology in the allograft. The data show that compared with untreated BN allografts, pretransplant depletion of donor lung AM resulted in significantly less TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma production in allograft bronchoalveolar lavage fluid with variable effects on local IL-4 production. Depletion of AM in the donor lung before transplantation affected the local production of several IgG subclasses. However, pretransplant depletion of donor AM had no effect on the development of the pathology of severe acute rejection. These data show that donor AM have a central role in the local synthesis of TNF-alpha and induce the production of IFN-gamma and IgG subtypes, locally, during acute lung allograft rejection. However, depletion of AM before transplantation does not prevent the development of severe acute rejection in BN rat lungs, transplanted into LEW recipients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sekine
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Heidler
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Van Rooijen
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: O W
authors.initials: OW
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Wilkes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology; D004002:Clodronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000145:classification; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008081:Liposomes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004002:Clodronic Acid