Modeling the effects of combined behavioral and pharmacological treatment on cigarette smoking: behavioral-economic analyses.
Effects of different response requirements, response-independent cigarette puffs, and an alternative nondrug reinforcer on cigarette smoking were assessed in 2 experiments. The response requirement to obtain 2 puffs on a cigarette was manipulated while various numbers of response-independent puffs were provided (0, 6, or 12 in Experiment 1; 0 or 12 in Experiment 2). In Experiment 2, effects of response-dependent money ($0.25) on smoking were assessed within subjects. Response-dependent puff consumption decreased as price increased and as the number of response-independent puffs increased. Concurrently available money also decreased response-dependent smoking. The largest decrease in smoking occurred when puffs were at the highest price and when response-independent puffs and response-dependent money were both concurrently available. Findings suggest that combined pharmacological and behavioral interventions produce the greatest reductions in smoking.
Bickel
W K
WK
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington 05401, USA. warren.bickel@uvm.edu
Madden
G J
GJ
DeGrandpre
R J
RJ
D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003216:Conditioning, Operant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D012201:Reward; D012907:Smoking / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*