title: Motor dysfunction profiles in traumatic brain injury and postconcussion syndrome.
abstract: Motor measures are sensitive to central lesions, but they are also affected by peripheral injury and motivation. The motor skills profiles of proven brain injury clients were compared with the profiles of healthy postconcussion patients. The chief result was a double dissociation: The traumatic brain injury (TBI) group produced a motor dysfunction gradient consistent with upper motor neuron disease, while the compensation-seeking postconcussion group produced a nonphysiologic pattern. Objective measures of behavioral pain and emotional distress did not correlate with the findings. Motor skill deficiencies in postconcussion syndrome (PCS) are probably functional in nature.
authors.affiliation: Psychological Systems, Inc., Royal Oak, MI 48067, USA.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Greiffenstein
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gola
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008306:Malingering / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016472:Motor Neuron Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology