No one in my group can be below the group's average: a robust positivity bias in favor of anonymous peers.
In Studies 1-8, participants judged an anonymous student as better than the average student, as above the group median, and as better than most other students on a variety of desirable traits. This effect was retained when name and age were removed and student ID number was the only individuating feature, when both the average student and the anonymous student were provide with a first name, and when the order of presentation was reversed. However, the effect was reduced when an enriched version of the average student was provided. In Study 9, an anonymous member of a highly disliked out-group was judged as worse than the out-group average member. These results indicate difficulty in comparing a singular target to a generalized target. A singular-target-focused model of comparative judgments is used to describe how people conduct these assessments.
Klar
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Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel. yklar@freud.tau.ac.il
Giladi
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D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007207:Individuation; D010379:Peer Group; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012928:Social Desirability; D012933:Social Identification; D012938:Social Perception; D012945:Social Values; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology