Assessment of ocular exposure to ultraviolet-B for population studies. Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project Team.
We have developed an empirical model with which to estimate the ocular exposure in the UVB wavelength band. This model incorporates aspects of personal behavior, geographic location, season and wavelength that have been developed from population-based data. This model, in conjunction with job history interviews, allows the estimate of cumulative exposures from age 30 in our population-based study. We present data on average annual exposure by age, gender, race, education and reported photophobia. The exposures in the general population are considerably lower than exposures reported in previous works based on occupational groups. There is a statistically significant difference between males and females, with females having lower exposures. African-Americans have median exposures similar to whites. Exposures decrease with education and with reported photophobia. These data provide the basis for characterizing lifetime exposure for the general population. The variability of exposure is much greater than found in occupational groups and includes numbers in the lowest exposure. The model should permit determination of a dose-response relationship with eye disease, even to the lower dose ranges.
Duncan
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DD
Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory 20723-6099, USA. donald.duncan@jhuapl.edu
Muñoz
B
B
Bandeen-Roche
K
K
West
S K
SK
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005123:Eye / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D018462:Photobiology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*