title: Mutations of N-terminal regions render the retinoblastoma protein insufficient for functions in development and tumor suppression.
abstract: To assess biological roles of the retinoblastoma protein (RB), four independent transgenic mouse lines expressing human RB with different deletions in the N-terminal region (RBdeltaN) were generated and compared with mice expressing identically regulated, full-length RB. Expression of both RB and RBdeltaN caused developmental growth retardation, but the wild-type protein was more potent. In contrast to wild-type RB, the RBdeltaN proteins were unable to rescue Rb-/- mice completely from embryonic lethality. Embryos survived until gestational day 18.5 but displayed defects in the terminal differentiation of erythrocytes, neurons, and skeletal muscle. In Rb+/- mice, expression of the RBdeltaN transgenes failed to prevent pituitary melanotroph tumors but delayed tumor formation or progression. These results strongly suggest that N-terminal regions are crucial for embryonic and postnatal development, tumor suppression, and the functional integrity of the entire RB protein. Furthermore, these transgenic mice provide models that may begin to explain human families with low-penetrance retinoblastoma and mutations in N-terminal regions of RB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 78245-3207, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005804:Genes, Lethal; D005838:Genotype; D006128:Growth / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D010641:Phenotype; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein