title: Oesophageal motor responses to gastro-oesophageal reflux in healthy controls and reflux patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare oesophageal motor responses to gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in 16 healthy controls (group 1) and 25 reflux patients, 15 without (group 2) and 10 with (group 3) oesophagitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects underwent 24 hour ambulatory oesophageal pH measurements (5 cm above the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS)) combined with pressure monitoring (5, 10, and 15 cm above the LOS for oesophageal body motility and 27 cm above the LOS for voluntary swallow detection). Contraction patterns (peristaltic, simultaneous, isolated, mixed type, and non-transmitted swallows) and peristaltic contraction wave characteristics (amplitude, duration, and velocity) during GOR were compared in the three groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average number of motor activities per minute was significantly higher in group 1 (p < 0.05). In all groups, the most common motor contraction pattern was peristaltic. The percentage of peristaltic activity per subject was significantly higher in group 1 (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in other contraction patterns among the three groups (p > 0.05). Of the peristaltic contraction wave characteristics there were no significant differences in any parameters (amplitude, duration, and velocity) among the three groups (p > 0.05). The average pH increment in response to motor activities was significantly higher in group 1 (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Motor responses to GOR were found to be predominantly primary peristaltic in all groups. During GOR, reflux patients have less frequent activity, a smaller proportion of activity is peristaltic, and the average pH increment in response to motor activities is reduced compared with controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anggiansah
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Bright
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Owen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000295:instrumentation; D008875:Middle Aged; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory; D010528:Peristalsis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric