title: Grade, local stage and growth pattern as prognostic factors in carcinoma of the penis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the management of adenopathies and the determination of prognostic factors in the treatment of squamous carcinoma of the penis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 81 cases treated at our Institution between 1980 and 1994. In 62 cases, we review the pathologic samples according to the growth patterns proposed by Cubilla et al.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We find that both the grade of cellular differentiation and the local stage of the tumor are statistically significant with respect to the presence of positive adenopathies. We obtain results similar to Cubilla's work and different survival rates for the patterns of tumor growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of our results, we propose 3 differentiated follow-up and treatment groups. We suggest that the new growth pattern classification is useful as prognostic factor in carcinoma of the penis. We corroborate that prophylactic lymphadenectomy is indicated in tumors of vertical growth, while a conservative management should be considered in tumors of verrucous growth.
authors.affiliation: Urology Service, Fundación Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Villavicencio
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rubio-Briones
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Regalado
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chéchile
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Algaba
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate