title: Isoprostanes: potential markers of oxidant stress in atherothrombotic disease.
abstract: Isoprostanes are emerging as a new class of biologically active products of arachidonic acid metabolism of potential relevance to human vascular disease. Their formation in vivo seems to reflect primarily, if not exclusively, a nonenzymatic process of lipid peroxidation. Enhanced urinary excretion of 8-iso-PGF2 alpha has been described in association with cardiac reperfusion injury and with cardiovascular risk factors, including cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia. Besides providing a likely noninvasive index of lipid peroxidation in these settings, measurements of specific F2 isoprostanes in urine may provide a sensitive biochemical end point for dose-finding studies of natural and synthetic inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. Although the biological effects of 8-iso-PGF2 alpha in vitro suggest that it and other isoeicosanoids may modulate the functional consequences of lipid peroxidation, evidence that this is likely in vivo remains inadequate at this time.
authors.affiliation: Center for Experimental Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6100, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Patrono
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: FitzGerald
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D005609:Free Radicals; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000378:metabolism; D007118:Immunoassay; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D011460:Prostaglandins F / Q000032:analysis*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D005609:Free Radicals; D011460:Prostaglandins F; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D015237:Dinoprost