title: Comparison of moyamoya disease in Japan and moyamoya disease (or syndrome) in the People's Republic of China.
abstract: To find out the causes of many epidemiological differences in Moyamoya disease in Japan and in the People's Republic of China, we performed a bibliographical investigation and an actual survey and reached the following conclusions: (1) Leptospiral infection can cause Moyamoya syndrome which cannot be differentiated from Moyamoya disease unless confirmed through the patients past history and a positive serum test; and (2) Moyamoya disease reported in China may include Moyamoya syndrome caused by leptospiral or other cerebral arteritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoyagi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001167:Arteritis / Q000150:complications; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013577:Syndrome