title: Focal reexpansion pulmonary edema after drainage of large pleural effusions: clinical evidence suggesting hypoxic injury to the lung as the cause of edema.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purposes of this study were to review possible causes of reexpansion pulmonary edema (RPE) and to attempt to explain atypical distributions of RPE after drainage of large pleural effusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients had focal RPE after routine drainage of large pleural effusions. In these cases, pleural effusion did not completely fill the hemithorax, and part or all of the ipsilateral upper lobe remained aerated. Reexpansion was accomplished by chest tube drainage with -20 cm H2O suction in four cases and by percutaneous needle aspiration without application of negative intrapleural suction in one.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all five cases, RPE developed in the portion of the lung that had been collapsed but did not develop in the portion of the lung that remained aerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This suggests that hypoxic injury to the atelectatic lung, rather than mechanical stress, is the most plausible explanation for RPE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0084, USA.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Woodring
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000209:etiology*; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D001261:Pulmonary Atelectasis / Q000150:complications; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000209:etiology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed