Comparison of caudal block using bupivacaine and ketamine with ilioinguinal nerve block for orchidopexy in children.
Forty boys weighing less than 25 kg undergoing unilateral orchidopexy were randomly allocated to receive one of two analgesic regimens. Group C received a caudal epidural block with 0.25% bupivacaine 1 ml.kg-1 and preservative-free ketamine 0.5 mg.kg-1; Group L received an ilioinguinal nerve block with 0.25% bupivacaine 0.5 ml.kg-1 and infiltration of the wound with 0.25% bupivacaine 0.5 ml.kg-1. All subjects received diclofenac sodium 1-2 mg.kg-1 as a rectal suppository. Postoperative pain was assessed by means of a modified Objective Pain Score and analgesia was administered if this exceeded a value of 4. The median duration of analgesia was 10 h (range 2.6 to > 24 h) in Group C and 2.9 h (range 0.7 to > 24 h) in Group L (p < 0.05). There were no differences between groups in the incidence of motor block, urinary retention, postoperative vomiting or postoperative sedation. Subjects in Group L required significantly more doses of postoperative analgesia than those in Group C (p < 0.05).
Findlow
D
D
Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK.
Aldridge
L M
LM
Doyle
E
E
D000082:Acetaminophen; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000763:Anesthesia, Caudal; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002045:Bupivacaine; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007649:Ketamine; D008297:Male; D009407:Nerve Block; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000082:Acetaminophen; D007649:Ketamine; D002045:Bupivacaine