title: Developmental regulation of the cm2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor gene: selective induction by a secreted factor produced by embryonic chick retinal cells.
abstract: The expression of the cm2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor gene increases dramatically in chick retina during embryonic development in vivo. A similar developmental increase in cm2 expression occurs in embryonic chick retinal cells in culture. Conditioned medium from mature, but not young, retinal cultures contains a secreted factor that causes a selective increase in expression of cm2, but not cm3 or cm4, receptors. The secreted factor has been partially purified from serum-free medium, is protease-sensitive, and has a molecular weight >10 kDa. The cm2-inducing factor stimulates expression of a cm2 promoter/luciferase reporter gene, demonstrating that the increase in cm2 expression is attributable to increased gene transcription. Incubation of retinal cells with 14 identified neurotrophic and growth factors did not increase cm2 expression, suggesting that a novel developmentally regulated secreted factor mediates the subtype-specific induction of the cm2 receptor gene in retina.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, 98195-7750, USA.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: McKinnon
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Gunther
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Nathanson
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D002642:Chick Embryo; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D051379:Mice; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D015347:RNA Probes; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D015347:RNA Probes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic