title: Circulating cell adhesion molecule concentrations in diabetic women during pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether circulating concentrations of defined cell adhesion molecules, which are thought to reflect endothelial expression, are increased in insulin-dependent diabetic women during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant diabetic women demonstrating good glycemic control and without major complications before pregnancy were studied at 8-12 (n = 15), 18 (n = 15), 28 (n = 16), 32 (n = 16), and 36 (n = 16) weeks' gestation. A subgroup of ten diabetic women was sampled longitudinally through all five gestational ages. The diabetic women were compared with healthy nondiabetic women sampled cross sectionally at 12 (n = 20), 28 (n = 19), and 36 (n = 19) weeks' gestation. Nonpregnant diabetic (n = 22) and nonpregnant nondiabetic women (n = 28) also were studied. Plasma concentrations of the cell adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly higher median (range) concentrations of E-selectin (63.0 [20.2-107.0] ng/mL) and ICAM-1 (281.5 [171.6-778.4] ng/mL) but not VCAM-1 (459.7 [301.0-909.7] ng/mL) were found in nonpregnant diabetic women compared with nonpregnant nondiabetic women (43.5 [18.1-93.2], 243.6 [174.4-329.2], and 476.0 [253.8-929.4] ng/mL, respectively). During pregnancy these significant differences between diabetic and control groups were lost. The median (range) concentration of E-selectin (50.0 [21.2-96.3] ng/mL) was significantly lower in pregnant compared with nonpregnant diabetic women. The plasma concentrations of E-selectin and ICAM-1 did not change significantly with gestation in either diabetic or nondiabetic pregnant groups. Vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 concentration changed significantly with gestation in the diabetic pregnant group only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circulating concentrations of defined vascular cell adhesion molecules are not increased abnormally in diabetic women with good glycemic control during otherwise uncomplicated pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lyall
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boswell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Maccuish
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Greer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D019040:E-Selectin; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1