title: Antibiotic noncompliance and waste in upper respiratory infections and acute diarrhea.
abstract: A prospective cohort study was conducted to analyze factors associated with antibiotic noncompliance and waste among patients suffering acute respiratory infection (ARI) and acute diarrhea (AD). The study took place in four primary health care clinics in Mexico City, two belonging to the Ministry of Health (MoH) and two to the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS). Two hundred twenty-two patients with ARI and 155 with AD were included. Data about study variables and the assessment of compliance were obtained through patient interviews and direct observation. Factors associated with noncompliance were assessed through a multiple logistic regression procedure. Noncompliance was 60% for ARI and 55.5% for AD in both health care systems. Prescription of an antibiotic was justified only in 13.5% of cases. Associated factors were: increased duration of illness (OR 2.95; 95% CI, 1.17-7.41); complexity of the treatment: 3 or more doses per day (OR 2.47; 95% CI, 1.56-3.92), and treatment for more than 7 days (OR 1.94; 95% CI, 1.16-3.26); younger age of patient (OR 1.89; 95% CI, 1.18-3.02); and an inadequate physician-patient relationship (OR 1.87; 95% CI, 1.16-3.02). Antibiotic waste was higher in IMSS (ARI 39.3%, AD 32.6%), than in the MoH (ARI 21.2%, AD 16.4%). Educational strategies to modify physician prescribing practices and strengthen physician-patient relationships might improve compliance and decrease drug waste.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Health, Social Security Mexican Institute, Col. Del Valle, Mexico.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guiscafré
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pérez-Cuevas
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016312:Treatment Refusal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents