title: Protection against UVA damage and effects on neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species by beta-carotene.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in microbicidal activities as well as in tissue damage at sites of inflammation. Carotenoids play an important function in protecting cells from oxidant damage. We investigated the in vitro and in vivo effect of 13-cis and 9-cis-beta-carotene on human neutrophils.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neutrophils from healthy donors in the presence of 0.25 mumol/L-1 mumol/l beta-carotene and from subjects under beta-carotene supplementation and UVA or UVA/B exposure were stimulated by opsonized zymosan and the generation of ROS was measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our in vitro results show different effects of the two isomers on stimulated neutrophils. 9-cis-beta-carotene did not produce any change, whereas 13-cis-beta-carotene significantly and concentration-dependent inhibited the ROS generation by stimulated neutrophils. Further, in a controlled study, we were able to demonstrate an in vivo protective effect of beta-carotene on neutrophils against UVA damage by beta-carotene supplemented subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany. Marisela.bohne@medizin.uni-magdeburg.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bohne
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Struy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gerber
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gollnick
mesh_terms: D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009895:Opsonin Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D015054:Zymosan / Q000494:pharmacology; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D009895:Opsonin Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019207:beta Carotene; D013481:Superoxides; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D015054:Zymosan