title: Essential hypertension and 5' upstream core promoter region of human angiotensinogen gene.
abstract: The angiotensinogen (AGT) gene M235T variant is associated with essential hypertension and elevated plasma AGT concentrations, although the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Recent studies have suggested that AGCE 1 (human AGT gene core promoter element 1) located in the 5' upstream core promoter region (position -25 to -1) of the human AGT gene has an important part in the expression of AGT mRNA by binding with transcription factor AGCF 1 (human AGT gene core promoter element binding factor 1), and a mutation at -20 from adenine to cytosine (A-20C) increases the level of expression of this transcript. We therefore examined subjects with this mutation to study the association with increased plasma AGT concentrations and with essential hypertension. One hundred eighty-eight subjects receiving no antihypertensive medication were examined with regard to the correlation between A-20C and plasma AGT concentrations, and 234 subjects were studied with respect to the association between A-20C and essential hypertension. A-20C was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with EcoOR 109I. Multiple regression analysis showed a weak but significant correlation between A-20C and plasma AGT concentrations (P=.047) and essential hypertension (P=.049). The results suggest that A-20C may underlie the increase in plasma AGT concentrations and be involved in the development of essential hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishigami
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hibi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nyui
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kihara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yabana
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sumida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagahara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishii
mesh_terms: D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017354:Point Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012016:Reference Values; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014280:Triglycerides; D000808:Angiotensinogen; D002784:Cholesterol