title: A comparison of antibody responses to veterinary vaccine antigens potentiated by different adjuvants.
abstract: Six adjuvant formulations were compared for their ability to potentiate the primary and memory antibody responses in mice to three companion animal vaccine immunogens--feline leukemia virus (FeLV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and a recombinantly-derived heartworm antigen. The combination of a novel bacterial immunostimulator, gliding bacterial adjuvant (GBA), either adsorbed onto an aluminum hydroxide gel (Rehydragel HPA), or emulsified with a vehicle of polyalcohol and detergent, elicited the strongest memory responses to both virus preparations. Both forms of aluminum hydroxide gels administered without GBA gave similar levels of adjuvant effects, on par with or greater than those generated by incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). The Acemannan immunostimulant was not effective in increasing the responses to the virus antigens, but increased the primary response to the heart-worm antigen over tenfold from control levels. All preparations appeared to be well tolerated, with no detectable adverse reactions observed in any of the 250 mice used. The proven safety of aluminum hydroxide adjuvants and the apparent absence of adverse reactions seen with GBA make this vehicle/adjuvant formulation worthy of additional study.
authors.affiliation: Immusine, Inc., Orinda, CA 94563, USA.
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Usinger
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000276:immunology; D002415:Cats; D004183:Dirofilaria immitis / Q000276:immunology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005782:Gels; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000276:immunology*; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D005256:Leukemia Virus, Feline / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010316:Particle Size; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D005782:Gels; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide