title: Associations with intraocular pressure in the Barbados Eye Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the demographic, medical, ocular, familial, and other factors possibly associated with intraocular pressure (IOP) in a black population, after excluding persons with any type of glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Barbados Eye Study was a population-based study of a random sample of residents of Barbados, West Indies, aged 40 to 84 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  A subset of the Barbados Eye Study population consisting of 3752 black Barbados Eye Study participants without glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A standardized protocol included applanation tonometry and other ocular data, blood pressure measurements, anthropometry, complexion pigmentation gradings, and a comprehensive interview.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intraocular pressure was based on the average of 3 measurements at the Barbados Eye Study visit. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate factors associated with IOP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systolic blood pressure (or hypertension), diabetes history, and age were the major factors positively associated with IOP (P<.01). Other positively related factors were female gender, darker complexion, pulse rate, higher body mass, seasonality, family history of glaucoma, current alcohol use, and current smoking. These factors explained 10% of the variation in IOP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By identifying risk factors, these results define specific subgroups most likely to have an elevated IOP. The high IOP in this population may be linked to the high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes. Aside from age and a family history of glaucoma, none of the risk factors for high IOP evaluated in this study was similar to those associated with open-angle glaucoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center at Stony Brook, NY 11794-8036, USA.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Leske
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001460:Barbados / Q000453:epidemiology; D044383:Black People; D001794:Blood Pressure; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular