title: Poststroke apathy and regional cerebral blood flow.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although apathy has been reported as one of the neuropsychiatric symptoms following stroke, there have been no studies on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with apathy. In this study we estimated the severity of apathy using the Apathy Scale and examined its relationship to rCBF in 40 stroke patients (mean age, 71.4 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Neuropsychiatric batteries were performed including the Apathy Scale, verbal intelligence and frontal function tests, a depression scale, and an assessment of activities of daily living. The cortical rCBFs were measured by the 133Xe inhalation method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty patients (50%) showed apathy. These patients showed significantly lower scores on verbal intelligence and frontal function tests and a significantly higher depression score than the nonapathetic group. On MRI images there was no relationship between the apathy score and specific regional distribution of lesions. The rCBFs of the bilateral hemisphere were significantly lower in the apathetic group than in the nonapathetic group. The apathetic group showed a significantly reduced rCBF in the right dorsolateral frontal and left fronto-temporal regions. Furthermore, the apathy score for all patients was significantly negatively correlated with rCBF in the same regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that apathy is a frequent symptom among elderly stroke patients and may be accompanied by cognitive impairments, depressive state, and frontal dysfunction. The hypoactivity in the frontal lobe and anterior temporal regions may contribute to symptoms of apathy after stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III, Shimane Medical University, Izumo, Japan. okada@shimane-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence / Q000502:physiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology