title: Prospective study of risk factors for the initiation of cigarette smoking.
abstract: Risk factors for the initiation of cigarette smoking were examined in 2 consecutive cohorts of teenagers (N = 1,901). Students in Cohort 1 were followed over 4 years from 9th to 12th grade; those in Cohort 2 were followed over 3 years from 9th to 11th grade. Among girls with no history of smoking at baseline, those with more friends who smoked at baseline (p < .001) and those with higher sociability scores (p < .05) were significantly more likely to have tried smoking over the study interval. Among boys with no history of smoking at baseline, those with more friends who smoked at baseline (p < .05) and those with higher depression symptoms scores (p < .01) were significantly more likely to have tried smoking over the study interval. The data suggest that future research is needed to examine potential gender differences that may have implications for the next generation of smoking-prevention programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA. killen@scrdp.stanford.edu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Killen
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Haydel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hayward
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Hammer
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Litt
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012932:Social Facilitation