title: Lipoarabinomannan of Mycobacterium tuberculosis promotes protein tyrosine dephosphorylation and inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase in human mononuclear phagocytes. Role of the Src homology 2 containing tyrosine phosphatase 1.
abstract: Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a putative virulence factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that inhibits monocyte functions, and this may involve antagonism of cell signaling pathways. The effects of LAM on protein tyrosine phosphorylation in cells of the human monocytic cell line THP-1 were examined. LAM promoted tyrosine dephosphorylation of multiple cell proteins and attenuated phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase. To examine whether these effects of LAM could be related to activation of a phosphatase, fractions from LAM-treated cells were analyzed for dephosphorylation of para-nitrophenol phosphate. The data show that LAM induced increased phosphatase activity associated with the membrane fraction. The Src homology 2 containing tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) is important for signal termination and was examined as a potential target of LAM. Exposure of cells to LAM brought about (i) an increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of SHP-1, and (ii) translocation of the phosphatase to the membrane. Phosphatase assay of SHP-1 immunoprecipitated from LAM-treated cells, using phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase as substrate, indicated that LAM promoted increased activity of SHP-1 in vivo. LAM also activated SHP-1 directly in vitro. Exposure of cells to LAM also attenuated the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-12, and major histocompatibility class II molecules. These results suggest that one mechanism by which LAM deactivates monocytes involves activation of SHP-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia Faculties of Medicine and Science, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V57 3J5.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Knutson
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hmama
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herrera-Velit
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rochford
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Reiner
mesh_terms: D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002460:Cell Line; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000235:genetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D018909:src Homology Domains
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C050016:lipoarabinomannan; D018664:Interleukin-12; D014443:Tyrosine; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate