title: Noninvasive assessment of myocardial involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis: role of signal averaged electrocardiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the role of late ventricular potentials (LVP) in detecting early myocardial involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-seven patients with SSc (68 women, 9 men, mean age 50 +/- 13 yrs) and 33 control subjects (18 women, 15 men, mean age 46 +/- 10 yrs) underwent resting electrocardiogram (ECG), 24 h Holter monitoring, complete echocardiographic and Doppler echocardiographic examination, and signal averaged ECG at high pass setting of 40 Hz, with the low pass fixed at 250 Hz. Patients with SSc underwent resting myocardial scintigraphy and radionuclide angioventriculography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of LVP at 40 Hz was 20.5%. Compared to control subjects, patients with SSc showed higher prevalence of septal infarction pattern (p = 0.05), complex ventricular arrhythmias (p = 0.03), pulmonary arterial hypertension (p < 0.001), and LVP (p = 0.02). Forty-four patients with SSc (57.1%) had resting perfusion defects by myocardial scintigraphy. Fourteen of 15 patients with LVP showed perfusion defects compared to 29 of 58 without LVP (p = 0.002). Linear regression analysis showed that myocardial perfusion defect score was significantly correlated to either the filtered QRS duration, or the duration of low amplitude signals < 40 microV of the terminal QRS, or the root mean square voltage of the last 40 ms of the QRS complex. After a mean followup period of 20 months, 8 patients died. In 2 patients who died suddenly, LVP were present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Signal averaged ECG is a sensitive and inexpensive technique in the clinical assessment and followup of patients with SSc.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Clinica Medica I, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, La Sapienza University, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sgreccia
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Marzio
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perrone
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrante
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gurgo
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gurgo di Castelmenardo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aguglia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Vincentiis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scopinaro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Calvieri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D004452:Echocardiography; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017725:Ventricular Pressure