title: Routine preoperative "one-shot" intravenous pyelography is not indicated in all patients with penetrating abdominal trauma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine which patients need a "one-shot" intravenous pyelogram (IVP) before laparotomy for penetrating abdominal trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a 15-month period, 240 laparotomies were performed for penetrating trauma at our urban level I trauma center. Prospectively collected data included clinical suspicion of genitourinary injury, results of preoperative IVP, intraoperative findings, and operative decisions influenced by the IVP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative IVP was performed in 175 patients (73%). Of these, 71 (41%) had suspicion of a renal injury based on the presence of a flank wound or gross hematuria. The IVP was believed to influence operative decisions in six patients, all in this group. Each of these six patients had either a shattered kidney or a renovascular injury and had a nephrectomy performed with the knowledge that a normal functioning kidney was present on the contralateral side. No patient without a flank wound or gross hematuria had an IVP that was judged to be helpful intraoperatively. Preoperative IVP was helpful only in patients with flank wounds or gross hematuria. Nephrectomy was performed in two additional patients who did not undergo IVP, both of whom presented in shock.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Routine preoperative IVP is not necessary in all patients undergoing laparotomy for penetrating trauma. The number of IVPs can be safely reduced by 60% if the indications are narrowed to include only those stable patients with a flank wound or gross hematuria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Brenneman
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Krosner
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fildes
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007813:Laparotomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014567:Urography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery