title: Activation of the neutrophil and loss of plasma glutathione during Mg-deficiency--modulation by nitric oxide synthase inhibition.
abstract: Sprague-Dawley rats (200 g) were fed either a Mg-deficient or Mg-sufficient diet for 3 weeks. An enriched neutrophil fraction (> 85%) was isolated from the blood by sodium metrizoate/dextran gradient centrifugation. Using the superoxide dismutase. (SOD)-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction assay, the basal activity of neutrophils isolated from the Mg-deficient rats were found elevated 5 fold after two weeks, and up to approximately 7 fold after three weeks on the diet. Upon challenge by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), unlike the Mg-sufficient cells, the Mg-deficient cells exhibited no significant activation. Treatment of the Mg-deficient rats with the nitric oxide (NO)-synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in the drinking water, significantly attenuated the basal superoxide producing activity of the neutrophils and partially restored its response to PMA challenge. In association with the neutrophil activation. Mg-deficiency resulted in 70% decrease in plasma glutathione and 220% increase in Fe-promoted, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels; both changes were significantly attenuated by L-NAME treatment. The results suggest that neutrophils from Mg-deficient rats are activated endogenously to generate oxy-radicals which might directly mediate the in vivo peroxidative indices during Mg-deficiency. Furthermore, the neutrophil activity was lowered by NO-synthase inhibition suggesting that NO overproduction during Mg-deficiency participates in the neutrophil activation process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
authors.forename: I T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Dickens
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Komarov
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Weglicki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood*; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester