title: Omeprazole, nitrendipine, famotidine and stress-induced ulcers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Omeprazole inhibits gastric acid secretion by blocking the proton pump of the gastric parietal cell. Nitrendipine is a derivative of the dihydropyridine group of calcium channel blockers and administrated for angina and hypertension. Famotidine is one of the newer histamine H2-receptor antagonists and heals gastric and duodenal ulcers by reducing gastric acid output.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The healing effects of omeprazole, nitrendipine and famotidine on stress-induced gastric ulcers were investigated in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty male Wistar-albino rats were separated into five groups (n = 8), a control (non-stress) and four experimental (stress) groups. Experimental rats were treated with omeprazole, nitrendipine, famotidine or a placebo after the stresses of starvation and cold-restraint.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Macroscopically, the mean area of the affected lesional mucosa was 1/4 of the total gastric mucosa in the famotidine treated group and 1/5 of the total gastric mucosa in the nitrendipine treated group. A considerably decrease was observed in the omeprazole treated group in which the mean area of the lesional mucosa was only in 1/8 of the total gastric mucosa. On microscopic examination, congestive vessels and chronic inflammatory cell infiltrates were significantly reduced in the omeprazole treated group. Tissue regeneration was more prominent in the omeprazole group than the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Omeprazole was found to be superior in terms of the effect on the healing process to nitrendipine and famotidine. Although therapeutic effects of nitrendipine and famotidine were observed, those were less than omeprazole.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Dicle University Medical Faculty, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Inalöz
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Goral
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Canberk
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ulak
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015738:Famotidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009568:Nitrendipine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012016:Reference Values; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000150:complications; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D015738:Famotidine; D009568:Nitrendipine; D009853:Omeprazole