title: In vitro fertilization with low-dose clomiphene citrate stimulation in women who respond poorly to superovulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our experience with IVF using low-dose clomiphene citrate for stimulation in "non-" and "poor" responders was reviewed and the treatment outcomes with the previous controlled ovarian stimulation cycles in which hMG and GnRH agonist were used were compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  The treatment outcome in 11 non- and 20 poor responders having 30 and 53 clomiphene citrate IVF treatment cycles, respectively, were compared with the treatment outcome in the previous long-protocol buserelin/hMG cycles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical pregnancy rates per oocyte collection achieved in the first clomiphene citrate cycle in non (9.1%)- and poor (10%) responders were comparable to those achieved by poor responders (11.9%) who had buserelin/hMG using the long protocol. Although the numbers were small, a similar pregnancy rate could still be achieved in poor responders up to the third attempt using clomiphene citrate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IVF using long-protocol buserelin/hMG is more successful than using clomiphene citrate stimulation. However, this advantage may not be significant in those women with a previous poor response to buserelin/hMG. It is suggested that for such poor responders, three attempts of IVF in a clomiphene citrate cycle may offer a viable therapeutic alternative before reverting to more stressful, expensive, and time-consuming treatment.
authors.affiliation: Midland Fertility Services, Centre House, Aldridge, U.K.
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Awonuga
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nabi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002064:Buserelin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists; D006801:Humans; D008596:Menotropins / Q000494:pharmacology; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D013480:Superovulation / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D002996:Clomiphene; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D008596:Menotropins; D002064:Buserelin