title: A new radiographic method for evaluating the degree of sliding in devices used in hip-fracture surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find a practical method for estimating the degree of sliding that occurs in screw-plate devices used in hip-fracture surgery. Greater understanding of the sliding mechanisms in different fracture types should improve surgical technique and reduce the failure rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In dynamic screw-plate devices, the lag screw slides inside the barrel of the plate. A recent innovation allows the barrel-plate to slide inside a side-plate, thus making possible a combined fracture compression along the neck and the shaft of femur. The lengths of the different parts and the angle of a device in vivo, measured on a radiograph, depend on the position of the femur relative to the photographic film and the roentgen source. We obtained these measurements with a ruler and a protractor from sequential a.p. radiographs of the hip and implemented them in a special computerized program that used the principles of the scaled orthographic and the central projection models. These calculations provided the correct amount of sliding by the lag screw and by the barrel-plate within the side-plate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method presented here can establish the real degree of sliding in screw-plate devices from standard a.p. radiographs independently of the position of the hip.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Helsingborg Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lunsjö
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aström
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stigsson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sparr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hauggaard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heyden
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ceder
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spanne
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005270:Femur Head / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D009068:Movement; D011859:Radiography; D012984:Software; D013499:Surface Properties