title: Combination of naltrexone and fluoxetine on rats' propensity to take alcoholic beverage.
abstract: Naltrexone (NTX) and fluoxetine (FLU) are useful for treating alcoholism and depression, respectively. Furthermore, these afflictions covary. Given the possibility that people might be prescribed NTX and FLU concurrently, we assessed the effects of these two agents on rats' propensity to drink an alcoholic beverage. Rats were given 65 days of access to a sweetened alcoholic beverage and water for 2 hr daily. At first, they took little ethanol, but after 20 days, they took on average 2.0 to 2.5 g/kg of ethanol, daily during the 2-hr session. They also took sufficient water to maintain their health. After 30 days, they were divided into four groups to receive, 30 min before the drinking session, 1 of 4 different kinds of injections. For the next 20 days, one group received placebo daily. Another group received 5 mg/kg of NTX daily and another 5 mg/kg of FLU daily. The fourth group received both 5 mg/kg of NTX and 5 mg/kg of FLU daily. After 20 days, the doses of NTX and FLU were doubled across an additional 10 days. Both NTX and FLU reduced rats' intake of alcoholic beverage. The combinations of NTX and FLU, however, were no more effective in reducing rats' intake of alcoholic beverage than either alone. Also, the small dose of NTX seemed to lose its effectiveness with repeated administrations. A second experiment confirmed the conclusion that small doses of NTX lose their effectiveness in suppressing intake of alcoholic beverage across repeated administrations. In summary, data provide no support for the idea that FLU and NTX would act synergistically to reduce propensity to take alcoholic beverages.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Psychopharmacology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Gardell
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Whalen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chattophadyay
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Cavallaro
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hubbell
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000427:Alcohol Deterrents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000427:Alcohol Deterrents; D005473:Fluoxetine; D009271:Naltrexone; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors