title: Retinoblastoma protein and proliferating-cell nuclear antigen expression as predictors of recurrence in well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We analyzed retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in primary tumors and recurrent lesions of well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) to clarify the relationship between their expression and recurrent disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 93 patients with PTC. No recurrent disease had developed in 60 patients within 10 years after surgery (group N). Thirty patients in whom recurrent disease had developed after surgery were enrolled in group R. Levels of pRB and PCNA expression were quantified using the CAS 200 system (Cell Analysis Systems, Elmhurst, IL) following immunohistochemical staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean pRB expression level in the primary tumors in group R was significantly lower than that in group N (P < .0001). pRB expression in the tumors with a diameter up to 20 mm was significantly lower than that in tumors larger than 20 mm in group R (P < .01). There were no significant differences in the levels of expression of PCNA in the primary tumors between group N and group R. Univariate analysis demonstrated that the disease-free survival was significantly correlated with pN category, pRB, and PCNA expression level. The subgroup with high-level expression of pRB (> 25%) showed significantly long disease-free survival (P < .001). Furthermore, the subgroup with low-level expression of PCNA (< 35%) showed significantly longer disease-free survival (P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed pRB expression and pN category to be independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival in PTC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  pRB expression level can be used as a reliable predictor for recurrence of PTC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery (1), Kanazawa University Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Japan. omura@med.kamazawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagasato
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kanehira
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinsen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amaya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kajita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizukami
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nonomura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000378:metabolism*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011379:Prognosis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein