title: Results of radical prostatectomy in men with locally advanced prostate cancer: multi-institutional pooled analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the disease-specific and metastasis-free survival rates in men with locally advanced (clinical stage T3) prostate cancer who were treated surgically.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, multi-institutional pooled analysis of the results of surgical treatment in 345 men with clinical stage T3 disease was performed. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 298 evaluable patients, pelvic lymphadenectomy alone was performed in 56 men (19%), while 242 men (81%) underwent node dissection and radical prostatectomy. In total, 122 of 298 patients (41%) had nodal metastases and/or seminal vesicle tumor spread. Pathologically organ-confined disease was noted in 27 men (9%). The actuarial 10-year disease-specific and metastasis-free survival rates for all patients managed surgically were 57 and 32%, respectively. For patients with well, moderately and poorly differentiated tumors, cancer-specific survival rates at 10 years were 73, 67 and 29%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large number of men with clinical stage T3 prostate cancer have advanced disease and are unlikely to achieve improved long-term survival with surgery alone. Although there may be a role for radical prostatectomy in selected patients with low to intermediate grade tumors, such treatment appears unlikely to result in long-term survival in men with high grade disease. A prospective study is necessary to determine the optimal treatment approach in men with locally advanced prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Ill., USA.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Gerber
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Thisted
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Chodak
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Schroder
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Frohmuller
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Scardino
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Paulson
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Rukstalis
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Theiss
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Schellhammer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen