title: Expression of p16 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 proteins in primary breast carcinomas.
abstract: The immunolocalization of the p16 and cdk4 proteins was investigated in 65 retinoblastoma gene product (pRB)-positive and 20 pRB-negative breast carcinomas. These proteins were expressed in similar lesions in 84.6% of the pRB-positive and 100% of the pRB-negative carcinomas. Diffuse expression of p16 was observed in 73.8 and 70.0% of the pRB-positive and -negative cases, respectively. cdk4 and p16 expression was significantly more heterogeneous in tumors of larger sizes and/or at higher stages. These findings suggest that p16 can be induced regardless of pRB status and Rb gene function in primary breast carcinoma and that it modulates the cell cycle progression in association with cdk4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komoike
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wakasugi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takatsuka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monden
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C495900:CDK4 protein, human; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases