title: Modulation of the synaptic drive to respiratory premotor and motor neurons.
abstract: The characteristics of GABAergic inhibitory modulation of respiratory bulbospinal neuronal activity and short-term potentiation (STP) of phrenic motoneuronal activity were studied. Extracellular unit recording and picoejection techniques in anesthetized dogs showed that both the spontaneous rhythmic and reflexly induced discharge patterns of inspiratory (I) and expiratory (E) premotor neurons were proportionately amplified by the localized application of picomole amounts of bicuculline (Bic), a competitive GABAA antagonist. Intracellular recording and paired-pulse stimulation techniques in anesthetized rats demonstrated an STP of phrenic motor output that appears to be mediated by NMDA receptors and is associated with facilitation of EPSPs and prolonged depolarization of individual phrenic motoneurons. We speculate that both GABAergic gain modulation of premotor neuronal activity and NMDA-mediated STP of phrenic activity may be neural substrates which are involved with the optimization of respiratory and non-respiratory behaviors, via adaptive and/or differential control of breathing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611-3008, USA. dm@nwu.edu
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: McCrimmon
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Zuperku
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dogas
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hinrichsen
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Stuth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonkovic-Capin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krolo
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Hopp
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001640:Bicuculline / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D018756:GABA Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D010791:Phrenic Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000502:physiology; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018756:GABA Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; D001640:Bicuculline