title: Induction of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor by interferon-gamma in human leukemia cells.
abstract: Induction of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) may be one of the critical steps in organ regeneration, wound healing, and embryogenesis. We previously reported the production of HGF/SF from various human leukemia cell lines and a high level of the growth factor in blood and bone marrow plasma from patients with various types of leukemia. We determined here the effects of hematopoietic cytokines on HGF/SF production in human leukemia cell lines, KG-1, a myeloid cell line, and RPMI-8226, a B cell line. Interferon (IFN)-gamma remarkably stimulated HGF/SF production in both cell lines at concentrations of more than 0.1 or 1 IU/ml. IFN-alpha and IFN-beta were as effective as IFN-gamma in RPMI-8226 cells, but less than IFN-gamma in KG-1 cells. HGF/SF gene expression in KG-1 cells was also up-regulated by IFN-gamma. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-6 had no effect on HGF/SF production in the 2 leukemia cell lines. We also determined the effects of HGF/SF inducers known for human fibroblasts on the growth factor production in leukemia cells. Out of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), cholera toxin, IL-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, the former three were as effective as IFN-gamma in KG-1 cells, but only TNF-alpha stimulated HGF/SF production in RPMI-8226 cells, whose effect was less than those of IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-gamma. The effect of IFN-gamma in KG-1 cells was synergistic with that of PMA. In contrast with the effect in leukemia cells, HGF/SF induction by IFN-gamma in human skin fibroblasts was much less than that by PMA or cholera toxin. These results indicated that IFN-gamma is a potent inducer of HGF/SF in human leukemia cells. This finding suggests the presence of a homeostatic control mechanism in liver regeneration and repair: hepatic injury, DNA synthesis inhibition, or apoptosis caused by IFN-gamma is subsequently overcome by cytokine-induced HGF/SF, a potent promoter of liver DNA synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Japan. gohda@pheasant.pharm.okayama-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gohda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takebe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sotani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Minowada
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007938:Leukemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D007371:Interferon-gamma