title: G-protein-coupled receptor agonists augment adenylyl cyclase activity induced by forskolin in human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells.
abstract: The goal of this study was to investigate the synergistic effects between G-protein-coupled receptor agonists and forskolin-induced activation of adenylyl cyclases, in cultured human corpus cavernosum smooth-muscle cells. Treatment of human corpus cavernosum smooth-muscle cells with forskolin (0.1-10 microM) produced an increase in cAMP synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner. Forskolin-induced adenylyl cyclase activity was markedly augmented by prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and its metabolite, PGE0, isoproterenol, carbachol, and phenylephrine. Augmentation of forskolin-induced cAMP by PGE1, and PGE0 is probably mediated by prostaglandin E receptors (EP). Enhancement of forskolin-induced cAMP synthesis by isoproterenol is mediated by beta-adrenergic receptors (beta-AR), since this activity was inhibited by propranolol. Stimulation of forskolin-induced cAMP synthesis by carbachol is attributed to activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR), as demonstrated by inhibition with atropine. The augmentation of forskolin-induced cAMP synthesis by phenylephrine, an alpha1-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist, however, was unexpected and cannot be attributed to increased intracellular Ca2+, since treatment of cells with either the Ca2+ ionophore, A23187, or 80 mM KCl did not affect forskolin-induced cAMP synthesis. Stimulation of forskolin-induced cAMP synthesis by phenylephrine is explained by its binding to beta-AR and activation of Gs protein, since this augmentation was inhibited by the beta-AR antagonist, propranolol. This observation was further supported by physiological studies in organ bath chambers, in which forskolin-induced relaxation of precontracted corpus cavernosum strips was enhanced by phenylephrine. These studies suggest that synergism between agonist-induced cAMP synthesis and forskolin is attributed to increased conformational stabilization of activated adenylyl cyclase catalytic domains by forskolin and the Gs(alpha)-subunit of activated Gs proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Traish
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Moreland
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gallant
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000187:drug effects*; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D010413:Penis / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000819:agonists*; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D005576:Colforsin; D010656:Phenylephrine; D002217:Carbachol; C086635:prostaglandin E0; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D000527:Alprostadil; D007545:Isoproterenol