title: Differences in risk of Crohn's disease in offspring of mothers and fathers with inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether there are any unusual patterns of transmission of susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) within multiplex families.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals with IBD were recruited for genome-wide screening of susceptibility genes. The extent of familial aggregation and blood relationships in multiplex families were determined by questionnaires given to participants followed up by confirmation of disease diagnosis by participants' physicians.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 135 families identified in which both a parent and a child had IBD, 93 involved transmission of susceptibility to disease from mother to child versus 42 examples of transmission from father to child (p = 0.00001, exact two-tailed binomial test). This distortion in transmission on the basis of the sex of the parent was observed only among non-Jewish pairs with Crohn's disease (CD), in which, of 33 parent-child pairs with CD, disease susceptibility was transmitted from the mother 28 times (p = 0.00007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Susceptibility to CD in a subset of patients may involve a gene that is imprinted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital/Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA.
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Akolkar
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gulwani-Akolkar
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heresbach
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silver
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003092:Colitis / Q000235:genetics; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018740:Genetic Heterogeneity; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015894:Genome, Human; D018392:Genomic Imprinting / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007079:Ileitis / Q000235:genetics; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D007585:Jews / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires