title: [The absence of interference between GSM mobile telephones and implantable defibrillators: an in-vivo study. Groupe Systèmes Mobiles].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The electromagnetic field created by mobile telephones can cause pacemaker dysfunction. Although implantable cardioverter defibrillators are also susceptible to electromagnetic interference, few studies have addressed this issue and compatibility with the GSM mode has not been tested. This study was developed to detect possible "in vivo" interference between GSM mobile telephones and implantable cardioverter defibrillators.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group is composed of 30 patients with 8 different models of defibrillators. Twenty six had endocardial leads and 4 epicardial. Three GSM mobile phones were used: Siemens S3 COM and Motorola 6200 in all cases and Ericsson GA 318 in one. The tests were performed under continuous electrocardiographic monitoring. All therapies were deactivated and sensitivities were set to maximal parameters. The telephones were positioned in close contact to the defibrillator can and precordium, in two different angles. Three situations were evaluated: calling, established contact for 15 seconds and ringing. The protocol was repeated during pacing to assess the possibility of pacemaker mode inhibition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No cases of electromagnetic interference were observed. One patient presented non-sustained ventricular tachycardia episodes during the tests that were detected by the defibrillator.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that electromagnetic interference by GSM mobile phones are not a probable cause of implantable defibrillators dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid. marcelo@mundivia.es
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanmartín
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fernández Lozano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Márquez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Antorrena
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bautista
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ortigosa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Artaza
mesh_terms: D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D013689:Telephone