title: Side effect profile of azathioprine in the treatment of chronic schizophrenic patients.
abstract: Various findings suggest auto-immune changes in schizophrenia. We have recently demonstrated that platelets from schizophrenic patients bear autoantibodies (PAA) which cross-react with brain antigens. Accordingly, treatment of schizophrenia with an immunosuppressant might be of potential benefit. In a recent case study, a chronic schizophrenic patient treated with azathioprine has demonstrated a clear psychiatric improvement preceded by a decrease in PAA level. A phase I study designed for assessing side-effects of short-term azathioprine treatment in a group of schizophrenic patients is described here. From a group of 40 chronic non-responsive patients, 14 patients demonstrating high PAA level have entered the study and 11 have complied all along. Two groups were tested in parallel. In the first (6 patients) 150 mg/day was given for 7 weeks while in the second (5 patients) the same regimen was given for two periods of 7 weeks with an interval of 6 weeks. Blood biochemistry and cell count, as well as determination of PAA were carried out weekly, starting 3 weeks before the trial and continuing up to 7 weeks after the treatment. Two out of 11 patients developed leucopenia in week 4. No other side-effects were recorded in any of the patients. A substantial reduction in PAA was observed in 3 out of 6 patients in group I and 4 out of 5 in group II. Two patients showed improvement of psychiatric symptomatology. Our results demonstrate that short-term azathioprine treatment induces transient leucopenia in 18% of the patients receiving the drug, much alike the percentage reported for other patient populations.
authors.affiliation: Beer Sheva Mental Health Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gutman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Feraro
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kimhi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leykin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deckmann
authors.forename: Z T
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Handzel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shinitzky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010976:Platelet Count; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D001379:Azathioprine