title: The New York High-Risk Project. Prevalence and comorbidity of axis I disorders in offspring of schizophrenic parents at 25-year follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The New York High-Risk Project is a study of offspring of patients with schizophrenia (HRSz group) or affective illness (HRAff group) and psychiatrically normal parents (NC group) observed prospectively from childhood to adulthood. We herein present lifetime prevalence and comorbidity rates of Axis I disorders in subjects and their siblings from sample A of the project.
  
  
  METHODS
  Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime Version interviews conducted with the offspring in adulthood were used to obtain diagnoses of Axis I disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Schizophrenia and unspecified psychoses occurred only in the HRSz group. However, schizoaffective and psychotic affective disorders occurred equally in the HRSz and HRAff groups. Total rates of psychosis in these groups were significantly higher than in the NC group. All groups had similar rates of nonpsychotic affective and substance abuse disorders. The HRAff group, however, had significantly more total affective illness than the NC group and tended to have more anxiety disorders than the other groups. Comorbidity rates in the HRSz and HRAff groups were nearly twice those of the NC group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The familial liabilities to schizophrenia and affective disorders show specificities and commonalities, differing markedly from each other in their expression of some disorders and sharing others. Patterns of comorbidity are generally, although not entirely, similar to these liabilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Erlenmeyer-Kimling
authors.forename: U H
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Adamo
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rock
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bassett
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Squires-Wheeler
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Cornblatt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Endicott
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pape
authors.forename: I I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Gottesman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000341:Affective Disorders, Psychotic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics