title: Persistent left cranial vena cava associated with multiple congenital anomalies in a six-week-old puppy.
abstract: A six-week-old male puppy was presented with a distended abdomen, dypsnoea and cyanosis. Auscultation revealed a grade II/VI systolic murmur. Thoracic radiographs showed gross cardiomegaly. An electrocardiogram revealed a narrow-complex tachycardia, deep S waves in leads I, II, III and aVF, and negative P waves in lead III. Two-dimensional echocardiography showed a high ventricular septal defect and marked dilation of the right-sided chambers. There was also an echolucent structure lateral to the left atrium at a site corresponding to the coronary sinus. Contrast echocardiography revealed right-to-left shunting through the septal defect. Necropsy confirmed the existence of a septal defect in the membranous part of the septum and a persistent left cranial vena cava with dilation of the coronary sinus. In addition, a small patent ductus arteriosus and tricuspid dysplasia were present.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patología Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fernandez del Palacio
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bernal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bayón
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Luis Fuentes
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D006337:Heart Murmurs / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging