Review: JC virus infection of lymphocytes--revisited.
JC virus (JCV), the causative agent of the fatal human demyelinating disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), is an opportunistic papovavirus that infects and destroys oligodendrocytes, the myelin-producing cells of the central nervous system. Since its isolation from the brain of a PML patient, JCV has long been classed as a neurotropic virus. Many studies, however, have demonstrated that JCV can infect various other cell types, including immune system cells. Moreover, several recent studies have focused specifically on lymphocytes as a target of JCV. This review chronicles the association of JCV with lymphocytes, including cell type localization, molecular regulation, and viral sequences, and discusses clinical implications of these findings.
Gallia
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GL
Center for NeuroVirology and NeuroOncology, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences, and Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, USA.
Houff
S A
SA
Major
E O
EO
Khalili
K
K
D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000821:virology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000821:virology; D001921:Brain / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007577:JC Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000821:virology*; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000821:virology*
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral