title: A study of tubo-ovarian and ovarian abscesses, with a focus on cases with endometrioma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence and causes of endometrioma-associated tubo-ovarian abscesses (TOAs) and ovarian abscesses.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 6,557 gynecologic inpatients were reviewed, and the data were analyzed using the median test and chi 2 test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of TOAs was 2.3% (5/218) in patients with endometrioma, and 0.2% (11/6,339) in patients without endometrioma (p = 0.0001). Among the TOA cases (n = 16), no significant differences in age, parity, history of pelvic surgery, or isolated organisms were observed between the subgroups with (n = 5) and without endometrioma (n = 11). There were only 2 cases of ovarian abscess, and both were associated with endometrioma. The causes of the abscesses in the 7 cases with endometrioma were contamination during surgery (1 case), contamination during a transvaginal endometrioma aspiration (1 case), and ascending infection (1 case), and unknown in 4 cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of endometrioma is a risk factor for the development of a TOA or an ovarian abscess.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University, Juntendo Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D000328:Adult; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000150:complications*; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors