title: Oral somatic transgene vaccination using attenuated S. typhimurium.
abstract: An attenuated strain of S. typhimurium has been used as a vehicle for oral genetic immunization. Eukaryotic expression vectors containing truncated genes of ActA and listeriolysin--two virulence factors of Listeria monocytogenes--have been used to transform S. typhimurium aroA. Multiple or even single oral immunizations with such transformants induced excellent cellular and humoral responses. In addition, protective immunity was induced with listeriolysin transformants. The quality of the responses suggested a transfer of plasmid DNA from the bacterial carrier to the host. Such transfer was unequivocally shown in vitro with primary peritoneal macrophages. We describe a highly versatile system for antigen delivery, identification of protective antigens for vaccination, and efficient generation of antibodies against the product of open reading frames present on virtually any DNA segment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung, National Research Centre for Biotechnology, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Darji
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Guzmán
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gerstel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wachholz
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Timmis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wehland
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D051229:3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase; D000284:Administration, Oral; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; C072980:actA protein, Listeria monocytogenes; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; D051229:3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; C038705:hlyA protein, Listeria monocytogenes