title: [Effectiveness of transrectal ultrasonography in local staging of prostatic cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the value of rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound and their association in patients with prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study on 56 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 1995-1995, mean age 63.2 +/- 10 years, to compare local clinical staging of extracapsular dissemination and seminal vesicle invasion performed by rectal examination and transrectal ultrasound with pathological findings in the prostatectomy specimens. The sensitivity, specificity, VPP, VPN, accuracy and percentage of under- and over-staged patients were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of locally advanced disease was 48%. Sensitivity to detect extracapsular dissemination was significantly higher with ultrasound (38%) than rectal examination (6%). Association of both techniques increased the sensitivity (50%) though not significantly; sensitivity to detect vesicle invasion was very low (14%). Accuracy of ultrasound to establish an overall definition of the local stage was 66%, but 59% patients with locally advanced disease were understaged and only 10% patients with localized disease were overstaged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transrectal ultrasound showed low sensitivity to define the locally advanced disease mainly at the seminal vesicle level, with acceptable specificity. Overall evaluation of findings with RE and TRU increase discreetly the efficacy of prostate capsule staging.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urologá, H.G.U. Gregorio Marañón, Madrid.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Herranz Amo
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Díez Cordero
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Verdú Tartajo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lledo García
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jara Rascón
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: González Chamorro
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Fernández
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010173:Palpation; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D012007:Rectum; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data