title: The 131-amino-acid repeat region of the essential 39-kilodalton core protein of fowlpox virus FP9, equivalent to vaccinia virus A4L protein, is nonessential and highly immunogenic.
abstract: The immunodominant, 39,000-molecular weight core protein (39K protein) of fowlpox virus (FP9 strain), equivalent to the vaccinia virus A4L gene product, contains highly charged domains at each end of the protein and multiple copies of a 12-amino-acid serine-rich repeat sequence in the middle of the protein. Similar repeats were also detected in other fowlpox virus strains, suggesting that they might confer a selective advantage to the virus. The molloscum contagiosum virus homolog (MC107L) also contains repeats, unlike the vaccinia virus protein. The number of repeats in the fowlpox virus protein does not seem to be crucial, since some strains have a different number of repeats, as shown by the difference in the size of the protein in these strains. The repeat region could be deleted, indicating that it is not essential for replication in vitro. It was not possible to delete the entire 39K protein, indicating that it was essential (transcriptional control signals for the flanking genes were left intact). The repeat region is partly responsible for the immunodominance of the protein, but the C-terminal part of the protein also contains highly antigenic linear epitopes. A role for the 39K protein in immune system modulation is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Animal Health, Compton Laboratory, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boulanger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Czerny
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Skinner
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005587:Fowlpox virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes / Q000235:genetics; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D008970:Molecular Weight; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D014758:Viral Core Proteins