title: Temporal bone volumetric image deblurring in spiral computed tomography scanning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We developed a method for volumetric image deblurring in spiral (helical) computed tomography (CT) scanning with a three-dimensional (3D) Gaussian point spread function (PSF) to improve the quality of temporal bone spiral CT images for assessing the position of cochlear implants electrodes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A patient was scanned after cochlear implantation, and the temporal bone was reconstructed into a volume with 128 voxels per dimension, 0.1 mm per voxel side, and x 10 gray-scale expansion. The 3D PSF in spiral CT imaging was assumed to be Gaussian separable transversely and longitudinally. Standard deviations of the PSF were derived and subjectively adjusted. The image was then deconvolved using Wiener filtering and maximum-likelihood deconvolution methods. Image quality was assessed both visually and quantitatively using cross-sectional area at half of the maximum (CAHM) of the implanted array as the figure of merit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Substantial image deblurring was achieved via deconvolution. Subjectively, anatomic structures were more clearly shown. Deconvolution reduced the CAHM by approximately one third, on average. Three-dimensional deconvolution had better image quality than two-dimensional deconvolution. The maximum-likelihood method produced superior image quality but took longer to process relative to Wiener filtering.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Volumetric image deblurring is practical with a Gaussian PSF. The maximum-likelihood method is preferred if time permits. Deconvolution facilitates the study of fine details of the temporal bone and cochlear implant.
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Vannier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D016011:Normal Distribution; D012984:Software; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*