title: Regulation of the human immune response during tuberculosis.
abstract: Pulmonary tuberculosis is characterized by depression of purified protein derivative-stimulated (PPD-stimulated) blastogenesis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as well as decreased production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Circulating T cells and monocytes (MNs) are nonspecifically activated in situ. PPD directly stimulates the primed MNs from patients with tuberculosis (TB) to overproduce a panoply of cytokines including transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and IL-10, which serve to depress PPD-stimulated blastogenesis and cytokine expression. Cross-modulation by these immunosuppressive MN products is superimposed on a primary T cell abnormality that persists for at least 12 months after the diagnosis of TB and involves apoptotic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ellner
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D014373:Tuberculin / Q000276:immunology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D014373:Tuberculin