title: Assessment of postinfarction ventricular septal ruptures by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography.
abstract: Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography has been shown to be a sensitive modality for the diagnosis of acute septal ruptures after myocardial infarctions. Transesophageal echocardiography has been shown to improve diagnostic accuracy and image quality in many clinical settings. We performed transesophageal Doppler echocardiography in 10 patients with acute septal ruptures. Transesophageal echocardiography provided improved visualization of the rupture morphology (6 of 10 by transthoracic versus 10 of 10 by transesophageal imaging), better detection of multiple rupture sites (2 by transthoracic, 5 by transesophageal study) and better detail of the direction of shunt flow. On the basis of the transesophageal echocardiographic appearance, we propose that septal ruptures after acute myocardial infarctions be classified as simple or complex, consistent with pathologic criteria for left ventricular septal and free wall ruptures. Transesophageal echocardiography proved a useful and safe adjunct to transthoracic imaging, overcoming the technical limitations in these critically ill patients.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiology, Riverside Heart Institute, Riverside Methodist Hospitals, Columbus, Ohio 43214, USA.
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Obarski
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Debaets
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Murcko
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jennings
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002302:Cardiac Output; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D016638:Critical Illness; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006342:Heart Rupture, Post-Infarction / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010496:Pericardium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology