title: Percutaneous vasal sperm aspiration and intrauterine insemination in the treatment of obstructive azoospermia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To treat obstructive azoospermia by using sperm recovered from percutaneous vasal sperm aspiration in IUI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional clinic in Jinan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six men with obstructive azoospermia, three of whom were treated with percutaneous vasal sperm aspiration and IUI; sperm recovered from this procedure were used for IUIs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spermatozoa used for intrauterine injection were retrieved by percutaneous vasal sperm aspiration and incubated at 37 degrees C for 40 to 60 minutes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normal pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intrauterine insemination was performed in three patients for one or two cycles, with motile spermatozoa. There was one successful term delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous vasal sperm aspiration can be used successfully to recover sperm in men with obstructive azoospermia for use in IUI. The technique is simple and less traumatic than an open surgical procedure.
authors.affiliation: Shandong Institute of Family Planning, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007315:Insemination, Artificial; D008297:Male; D009339:Needles; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011859:Radiography; D013094:Spermatozoa; D013396:Suction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery