title: p16INK4 expression is associated with the increased sensitivity of human non-small cell lung cancer cells to DNA topoisomerase I inhibitors.
abstract: Inactivation of p16INK4, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), may be essential for oncogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We examined the sensitivity of two clones of p16INK4-transfected NSCLC cell line with homozygous deletion of p16INK4, A549/p16-1 and 2, to DNA topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibitors. A549/p16-1 and -2 showed 7.7- and 9.1-fold increases in sensitivity to CPT-11 (11,7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin ), respectively, compared with A549 cells. Ectopic p16INK4-expressing cells also showed approximately 4.0-fold increase in sensitivity to SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin), the active metabolite of CPT-11, compared to the parent cells. The topo I-mediated DNA relaxation activities of ectopic p16INK4-expressing cells were approximately 5 times higher than those of the parent cells. Northern and western blot analyses indicate that these increased topo I activities of ectopic p16INK4-expressing cells were due to an elevated topo I mRNA level and an increase in topo I protein. The chemosensitivity to topo I inhibitors, topo I mRNA level, protein content and activity of a p16INK4 revertant, lacking functional p16INK4, tended to be restored toward those of the parental phenotype to some extent. These results suggest that p16INK4 expression is closely associated with the increased sensitivity of ectopic p16INK4-expressing NSCLC cells to topo I inhibitors. The up-regulation of topo I mRNA level, protein content and activity may be responsible for this hypersensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuoka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arioka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokote
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomonari
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saijo
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004264:DNA Topoisomerases, Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D059004:Topoisomerase I Inhibitors; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D059004:Topoisomerase I Inhibitors; D000077146:Irinotecan; D004264:DNA Topoisomerases, Type I; D002166:Camptothecin