title: Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine phosphatase that is specifically expressed in spermatocytes.
abstract: We identified a novel gene encoding protein-tyrosine phosphatase using a polymerase chain reaction-based method. Northern blot hybridization of RNAs from various tissues with the polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA fragment showed that this gene was expressed exclusively in the testis. Complementary DNAs for this gene, termed typ (testis-specific tyrosine phosphatase), were obtained from a mouse testis cDNA library. Nucleotide sequencing of the cDNAs revealed an open reading frame that encoded 426 amino acids. The predicted Typ protein contained a single catalytic domain at the carboxyl-terminal half. No hydrophobic stretch for a possible transmembrane sequence or signal sequence was found, suggesting that Typ is a cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine phosphatase. The amino-terminal half of Typ did not share significant homologies with the other known proteins but contained a region rich in PEST residues. Indirect immunofluorescence studies and in situ hybridization analysis showed that Typ was specifically expressed in testicular germ cells that underwent meiosis. Developmentally, Typ was detected between 2 and 3 weeks after birth, in parallel with the onset of meiosis. Thus, Typ is a new member of the cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine phosphatases that may play an important role(s) in spermatogenesis and/or meiosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku Tokyo 108, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohsugi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuramochi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D013090:Spermatocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D013091:Spermatogenesis
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases