title: [Functional changes in the bladder of children with primary bladder diverticulum].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary vesical diverticulum is generally diagnosed during urological evaluation for recurrent urinary tract infection that are frequently associated with the symptoms of urinary dysfunction. A urodynamic study was performed in children with primary vesical diverticulum to confirm or discard the presence of vesicourethal dysfunction, its relationship with vesicoureteral reflux, which is associated with diverticulum, and the results achieved by surgical versus medical treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A urodynamic study was carried out in 11 children (7 boys and 4 girls), aged 6 to 13 years, with primary vesical diverticulum. The diverticulum was parameatal in 7 cases (4 with reflux), posterolateral in 2 cases (1 with reflux), anterolateral in 1 patient and 1 patient had multiple bladder diverticula without neurological disorder. Surgery was indicated in 8 cases and 3 were managed conservatively. Vesicourethral function, at the time the diverticulum was diagnosed, was normal in 3 (27%) and pathological in 8 (73%) patients. The urodynamic study disclosed uncoordinated vesicosphincteric function (4 pts), vesical instability (3 pts) and vesical hypotony (1 pt). Of these 4 cases with urodynamic disorders, diverticulum was associated with vesicoureteral reflux. Of the 8 children submitted to surgery, 6 had a functional pathology preoperatively; following surgical treatment of the diverticulum, vesicourethral function returned to normal in all cases. Of the 3 cases managed conservatively, 2 had persistent urodynamic disorders despite drug therapy; one of them had clinical features of urinary incontinence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These fundings suggest that alterations of bladder function might arise from the anatomic changes in the detrusor muscle causing the diverticulum and contribute to the onset or persistence of reflux, and should be considered an additional criterion for indicating surgery. It is therefore suggested that a urodynamic study for its diagnosis be included in the protocol for evaluation of children with primary vesical diverticulum.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Urología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martín-Crespo Izquierdo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luque Mialdea
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Antonio Navascués
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arrojo Vila
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D004240:Diverticulum / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics