title: Immunohistochemical studies of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cathepsin D in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
abstract: Immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cathepsin D was performed on 60 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) specimens from 60 patients with bladder cancer. The percentage of PCNA-positive cells (PCNA-labelling index) was determined by counting 500 or 1,000 cells, and cathepsin D expression was graded according to the extent of immunoreactivity to anti-cathepsin D antibody. The PCNA-labelling index was significantly higher in high-grade and high-stage tumors compared to that in low-grade and low-stage tumors. Cathepsin D was highly positive in grade-1 tumors. In contrast, 82% of grade-3 tumors and 76% of advanced tumors showed negative or low reactivity to anti-cathepsin D. Groups of high PCNA-labelling index and negative cathepsin D had significantly poorer prognoses compared to those of the low PCNA group and cathepsin D highly positive group, respectively, in univariate analyses. However, neither of these two factors were independent prognostic factors in multivariate analyses. These results suggest that the PCNA-labelling index and cathepsin D expression may indicate the malignant potential of TCC and may be able to provide additional information for predicting survival when stratifying for grade of bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iizumi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iiyama
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yazaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umeda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002402:Cathepsin D / Q000378:metabolism*; D002452:Cell Count; D002455:Cell Division; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D002402:Cathepsin D