title: On the transformation of sulfur-containing amino acids and peptides to volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) in the human mouth.
abstract: Halitosis is most often caused by oral conditions. Volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), constituting the major components of oral malodor, are produced by anaerobic, gram-negative bacteria retained mainly in periodontal pockets or on the tongue dorsum. Sulfur-containing amino acids serve as substrate for these bacteria. VSC have also been found to have unfavorable effect on the tissue. The aim of this study was to examine whether normal, healthy individuals with no history of halitosis were able to produce VSC from cysteine, when applied as a mouthrinse. A further aim of the study was to investigate and compare the potential of other sulfur-containing amino acids and peptides as substrates for oral VSC production and to localize the odor-production sites. A portable sulfide monitor was used for VSC registration. Results showed that all test subjects produced high oral concentrations of VSC upon rinses with cysteine, which thus seems to be a major substrate for VSC production. The other sulfur-containing substrates had much less effect. It was found that the tongue was the major site for VSC production, and that saliva per se caused low VSC production.
authors.affiliation: Dental Faculty, University of Oslo, Norway. smw@odont.uio.no
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wåler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003545:Cysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006209:Halitosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009055:Mouth / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D009067:Mouthwashes; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000382:microbiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D013440:Sulfides / Q000032:analysis; D013455:Sulfur / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013457:Sulfur Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D016999:Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D014059:Tongue / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur; D009067:Mouthwashes; D010455:Peptides; D013440:Sulfides; D013457:Sulfur Compounds; D013455:Sulfur; D008715:Methionine; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine