title: Mediastinal lymph node staging with FDG-PET scan in patients with potentially operable non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective analysis of 50 cases. Leuven Lung Cancer Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the performance of CT, radio-labeled 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) blinded to CT, and FDG-PET visually correlated with CT, in the detection of N2 metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to hypothesize how PET could influence our actual mediastinal staging procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 50 patients with potentially operable NSCLC, thoracic CT, PET, and invasive surgical staging were performed. Blinded prospective interpretation was performed for each test and compared with surgical pathology results. Abnormalities on each of these staging examinations were recorded on a standard MLN map.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in detecting N2 disease of CT was 67%, 59%, and 64%, respectively. Results of PET blinded to CT were significantly better (p=0.004): 67%, 97%, and 88%, respectively. For PET visually correlated with CT, this was 93%, 97%, and 96%, respectively. In 22 patients, both CT and PET were normal, and this was correct in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PET was significantly more accurate than CT in the MLN staging in NSCLC. Both examinations were complementary, since visual correlation with the anatomic information on CT improved the reader's ability to discriminate between hilar vs subaortic MLN FDG uptake, and between paramediastinal tumor vs tracheobronchial MLN FDG uptake. If the results can be confirmed in larger numbers of patients, PET could reduce the need for invasive surgical staging remarkably.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Vansteenkiste
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Stroobants
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: De Leyn
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Dupont
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Verschakelen
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Nackaerts
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mortelmans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008482:Mediastinum; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18