title: The effects of low dietary levels of polyunsaturates on alcohol-induced liver disease in rhesus monkeys.
abstract: Rhesus monkeys that were maintained on a diet containing low, yet adequate, amounts of vitamins C and E and in which linoleate and linolenate represented 1.4% and 0.08% of the total caloric intake, respectively, developed liver fibrosis after consuming alcohol (mean, 2.6 g kg(-1) d[-1]) over a period of 3 years. In the liver, several polyunsaturated fatty acids including 18:2n6, 20:4n6, and 22:6n3 decreased compared with dietary controls, and similar findings were also observed in plasma lipoproteins and erythrocytes. The amount of alcohol consumed correlated positively with plasma lipid peroxidation products, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 8-isoprostane F2alpha, and negatively with 20:4n6 and 22:6n3 levels. These findings imply that alcoholics who also have a marginal intake of essential fatty acids and antioxidants in their diets may be at an increased risk of developing liver disease.
authors.affiliation: National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Pawlosky
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salem
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008104:Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D000975:Antioxidants; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D014801:Vitamin A; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D000431:Ethanol; D015237:Dinoprost; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal; D001205:Ascorbic Acid