title: Soluble CD30, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and TNF receptors in primary HIV-1 infection: relationship with HIV-1, RNA, clinical outcome and early antiviral therapy.
abstract: The natural course of human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) infection varies considerably. The identification of laboratory disease markers has become critically important to patient management. This study, carried out on 37 patients with primary HIV-1 infection (PHI), shows that, along with plasma HIV-1 RNA and CD4+ T cell counts, evaluation of plasma levels of some immune activation markers (sCD30, TNF-alpha, and sTNFR-I) may help to identify patients at risk of a more rapid disease progression, suggesting that immune activation is among the factors who determine the rate of disease progression. Early combination antiviral therapy significantly decreased levels of virus load and of immune activation markers, suggesting that it may reduce the extent of immune activation through the suppression of HIV-1 replication. Among others, sCD30 could be a more sensitive marker of immune activation, and it might be also useful in the monitoring of the response to antiviral therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland. Paolo.Rizzardi@chuv.hospvd.ch
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Rizzardi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tambussi
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barcellini
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Capiluppi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Clerici
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Maestra
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lillo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pantaleo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lazzarin
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000097:blood*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen; D012367:RNA, Viral; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha