title: Effects of creatine supplementation on repetitive sprint performance and body composition in competitive swimmers.
abstract: In a double-blind and randomized manner, 18 male and female junior competitive swimmers supplemented their diets with 21 g.day-1 of creatine monohydrate (Cr) or a maltodextrin placebo (P) for 9 days during training. Prior to and following supplementation, subjects performed three 100-m freestyle sprint swims (long course) with 60 s rest/recovery between heats. In addition, subjects performed three 20-s arm ergometer maximal-effort sprint tests in the prone position with 60 s rest/recovery between sprint tests. Significant differences were observed among swim times, with Cr subjects swimming significantly faster than P subjects following supplementation in Heat 1 and significantly decreasing swim time in the second 100-m sprint. There was also some evidence that cumulative time to perform the three 100-m swims was decreased in the Cr group. Results indicate that 9 days of Cr supplementation during swim training may provide some ergogenic value to competitive junior swimmers during repetitive sprint performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Movement Sciences and Education, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Grindstaff
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kreider
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Almada
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D003401:Creatine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000187:drug effects; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003401:Creatine