Clinical implications of cigarette smoking in acute myocardial infarction: acute angiographic findings and long-term prognosis.
This study was undertaken to assess whether reperfusion in smokers could be achieved spontaneously or therapeutically and to assess whether favorable outcome in smokers could be sustained for years after infarction. We studied 260 patients with anterior myocardial infarction who underwent coronary angiography and thrombolysis within 24 hours after the onset of chest pain. There were 158 smokers and 102 nonsmokers. Smoking was associated more with men, younger age, and less multivessel disease. On initial angiography, the distribution of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction grade was similar between smokers and nonsmokers. After thrombolysis, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction grade 3 was more frequent in smokers (32% vs 18%; p = 0.004). In-hospital mortality rates were lower (8% vs 18%; p = 0.022) and long-term cardiac survival was better in smokers (5-year survival: 82% vs 70%; p = 0.022). Our data demonstrated that the infarct artery of smokers responded more efficiently to thrombolysis and favorable outcome in smokers was sustained throughout 5 years.
Ishihara
M
M
Department of Cardiology, Hiroshima City Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
Sato
H
H
Tateishi
H
H
Kawagoe
T
T
Shimatani
Y
Y
Kurisu
S
S
Sakai
K
K
Ueda
K
K
D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy