title: Cloning and characterization of CneMDR1: a Cryptococcus neoformans gene encoding a protein related to multidrug resistance proteins.
abstract: CneMDR1, a gene encoding a protein related to several eukaryotic multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins, was identified, cloned, and characterized from a clinical isolate of Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) (strain M1-106). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a DNA region encompassing conserved motifs of other MDR-like proteins was initially used to identify and clone CneMDR1. Analysis of the corresponding cDNA revealed an open reading frame punctuated by 16 introns. CneMDR1 encoded a protein (CNEMDR1) containing 1408 amino acids (aa) with a predicted mass of approximately 152kDa. Protein structure predictions suggested the presence of two putative 6-transmembrane (TM) domains as well as two ATP-binding domains, structural characteristics typical of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins. Members of this superfamily, which include MDR proteins, are frequently involved in active transport of a variety of substrates across the cell membrane. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of 12 chromosomal bands in this clinical isolate of Cn. CneMDR1 was detected by hybridization on chromosome IV. High-stringency hybridization detected only one MDR-like gene. However, a second MDR-like gene (CneMDR2) was discovered during reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) amplification using cDNA.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Thornewell
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Peery
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Skatrud
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000235:genetics*; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000235:genetics; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C109678:MDR1 protein, Filobasidiella neoformans; C095122:multidrug resistance protein 3