title: Long-term high immune response to diphtheria toxoid in rodents with diphtheria toxoid conjugated to dextran as a single contact point delivery system.
abstract: Cross-linked dextran beads were used as a carrier for development of a 'single-contact' vaccine delivery system. Diphtheria toxoid (DT) was covalently coupled to dextran beads (DEX-DT conjugate). The conjugate was immunoreactive with antibodies raised against native DT. Immunization of rats with DEX-DT conjugate generated on average 24 times higher antibody titres against diphtheria toxoid than immunization with the conventional DT absorbed on alum. The immune response was sustained for 9 months, with gradual decline of antibody titres thereafter. Significant antibody titres were measurable in rats after 1 year of immunization. DEX-DT had neither acute nor long-term adverse effects on the health of animals, as evidenced by local reactions, general behaviour, food intake, body weight gain and survival compared with controls.
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diwan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Khar
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Talwar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D003911:Dextrans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000633:toxicity; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000633:toxicity; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D003911:Dextrans; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic