title: Chondroitin sulfate isomers in synovial fluid of healthy and diseased human temporomandibular joints.
abstract: Synovial fluid was collected from the superior articular cavity of the temporomandibular joint in patients with unilateral internal derangement and joint pain whose contralateral joint was healthy. Glycosaminoglycans were liberated by digestion with pronase E, and precipitated with cetylpyridinium chloride and ethanol. Unsaturated disaccharide isomers of chondroitin sulfate, obtained following chondroitinase ACII digestion, were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Analytic data indicated that deltaDi-0S and deltaDi-6S were often found in chondroitin sulfate from the fluid of the diseased joints. The amounts of deltaDi-0S and deltaDi-6S differed significantly between synovial fluid samples from the diseased and healthy joints. Comparison of the relative proportions of the unsaturated disaccharides in the synovial fluid with previously reported values for several tissues, indicated that the chondroitin sulfate originated from articular cartilage, with possibly some contributions from soft connective tissues and serum present in the synovial fluid. These results suggest that chondroitin sulfate in the synovial fluid provides a useful indicator of the degree of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Prosthodontics, Osaka Dental University, Japan. joji@cc.osaka-dent.ac.jp
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kakudo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Utoh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gonda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shirasu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001769:Blood; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism; D002594:Cetylpyridinium / Q000737:chemistry; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D002808:Chondroitin Lyases / Q000737:chemistry; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D003902:Detergents / Q000737:chemistry; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007536:Isomerism; D011402:Pronase / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000378:metabolism*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D004187:Disaccharides; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D002594:Cetylpyridinium; D011402:Pronase; D002808:Chondroitin Lyases