title: Coupling chemical derivatization reactions with supercritical fluid extraction.
abstract: Coupling chemical derivatization reactions with supercritical fluid extraction for the determination of trace levels of organic and organometallic compounds in liquid and solid matrices is reviewed. Derivatization is used to increase the solubility of analytes in supercritical carbon dioxide, to increase analyte volatility for gas chromatographic analysis and to integrate sample preparation steps in order to reduce analysis time and costs. Reactions that are covered in this review derivatize analytes possessing carboxyl, hydroxyl, sulfonic and amino groups to their alkyl, acyl and silyl derivatives. Derivatization is also used to derivatize active matrix sites to facilitate the release of analytes. Approaches used to couple derivatization with supercritical fluid extraction include reactions conducted prior to extraction, under in-site supercritical fluid conditions, or off-line under injection port conditions. Examples of applications are given for organic and organometallic compounds in environmental, pharmaceutical and agricultural product samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Field
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*