title: Growth hormone/IGF-I and/or resistive exercise maintains myonuclear number in hindlimb unweighted muscles.
abstract: In the present study of rats, we examined the role, during 2 wk of hindlimb suspension, of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I (GH/IGF-I) administration and/or brief bouts of resistance exercise in ameliorating the loss of myonuclei in fibers of the soleus muscle that express type I myosin heavy chain. Hindlimb suspension resulted in a significant decrease in mean soleus wet weight that was attenuated either by exercise alone or by exercise plus GH/IGF-I treatment but was not attenuated by hormonal treatment alone. Both mean myonuclear number and mean fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) of fibers expressing type I myosin heavy chain decreased after 2 wk of suspension compared with control (134 vs. 162 myonuclei/mm and 917 vs. 2,076 micron2, respectively). Neither GH/IGF-I treatment nor exercise alone affected myonuclear number or fiber CSA, but the combination of exercise and growth-factor treatment attenuated the decrease in both variables. A significant correlation was found between mean myonuclear number and mean CSA across all groups. Thus GH/IGF-I administration and brief bouts of muscle loading had an interactive effect in attenuating the loss of myonuclei induced by chronic unloading.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California 94080, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Linderman
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Grindeland
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mukku
authors.forename: V R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Edgerton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000502:physiology*; D019417:Hindlimb Suspension; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009929:Organ Size; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone