title: A new route, jet injection for anesthetic induction in children--III. Ketamine pharmacokinetic studies.
abstract: The jet injector route for ketamine was used on 30 children 1-6 years of age undergoing various surgical procedures. A randomly selected dose of 2.5, 3.5, or 6.0 mg/kg of ketamine was given to induce anesthesia. Peak plasma ketamine levels did not follow a simple arithmetic increment related to dose. Dosage based on mg/m2 body surface area or mg/kg body weight provided similar blood levels of ketamine. The beta-phase t1/2 of ketamine in these children was shorter than that found in adults. Considerable individual variability was observed in both the plasma levels to a given dose of jet-injected ketamine and in the beta-phase t1/2. The ketamine beta-t1/2s were not dose related.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0632, USA.
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Domino
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Zsigmond
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kovacs
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fekete
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stetson
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001830:Body Surface Area; D001835:Body Weight; D002138:Calibration; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007277:Injections, Jet; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D007649:Ketamine