title: Mitochondrial function in rat renal cortex in response to proteinuria and iron.
abstract: 1. Proximal tubular cell dysfunction in chronic glomerular disease (CGD) has been ascribed, in part, to reabsorption of transferrin-iron from tubular fluid and subsequent cytosolic peroxidative injury. To investigate a possible role for altered mitochondrial function in tubular cell injury in CGD, renal cortical mitochondrial respiratory function was examined in rats with adriamycin nephrosis. 2. State 4 (resting) respiration was increased in adriamycin nephrosis in comparison with control (51 +/- 2 vs 43 +/- 2 ng atoms oxygen (O)/min per mg protein, respectively; P < 0.02). 3. Mitochondrial iron concentration was increased in nephrotic rats compared with control (9.52 +/- 0.70 vs 5.97 +/- 0.26 nmol Fe/mg protein, respectively; P < 0.001) and rates of state 3, state 4 and uncoupled respiration and the severity of proteinuria correlated with mitochondrial iron concentration. 4. To further define the relationship between mitochondrial iron accumulation and altered respiratory function, rats were loaded with iron. 5. In comparison with control, acute iron loading of normal rats impaired creatinine clearance (1.48 +/- 0.02 vs 0.40 +/- 0.29 mL/min), increased kidney weight (1.33 +/- 0.07 vs 1.74 +/- 0.14 g) and impaired mitochondrial enzyme activity (e.g. cytochrome oxidase 185.0 +/- 46.6 vs 362.0 +/- 32.8 delta log [cytochrome C]/min per mg protein; P < 0.05), but had no significant effect on rates of mitochondrial respiration or on mitochondrial fragility. 6. Mitochondrial iron concentration was not increased by iron loading, despite a similar increment in cytoplasmic iron to that seen in rats with adriamycin nephrosis. 7. In summary, resting mitochondrial respiration is increased in nephrotic rats in proportion to mitochondrial iron accumulation. Changes in mitochondrial oxygen consumption do not appear to be a primary event in the tubular cell injury of iron loading.
authors.affiliation: Department of Renal Medicine, University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia. DCH@renal.wh.su.edu.au
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000633:toxicity; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000633:toxicity; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009401:Nephrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D004317:Doxorubicin; D007501:Iron