title: Risk factors for the development of NIDDM in Yonchon County, Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk factors for the development of NIDDM in Yonchon County of Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 1,193 Korean nondiabetic subjects at baseline who participated in a 2-year follow-up study on diabetes in Yonchon County. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed 2 years after the baseline examination. Age, sex, and anthropometric and metabolic characteristics at baseline were analyzed simultaneously as potential predictors of conversion to NIDDM. We also designed a nested case-control study to determine the role of hyperinsulinemia and/or hyperproinsulinemia in the conversion to NIDDM in patients with newly developed diabetes and control subjects matched for age, sex, BMI, and waist-to-hip-ratio.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 2 years, 67 subjects developed diabetes, as defined by World Health Organization criteria. The age-adjusted incidence was significantly higher in men (6.4%) than in women (3.0%), and the incidence increased as age increased in both sexes. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed age, male sex, and fasting and 2-h glucose levels to be significant risk factors for the development of NIDDM, whereas waist-to-hip ratio and BMI were not. In a nested case-control study, baseline proinsulin but not insulin levels were significantly higher in subjects who progressed to NIDDM than in those who did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the Korean population, beta-cell dysfunction, as measured by high proinsulin levels, seems to be associated with subsequent development of NIDDM, whereas regional and general obesity and fasting insulin levels, which may be a surrogate for insulin resistance, were not.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Y I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin