title: Primary biliary cirrhosis associated with antiphospholipid syndrome.
abstract: A 47-year-old female was admitted for severe pain of 1 month's duration in the third and fourth toes of the right foot, culminating in gangrene. Laboratory findings revealed liver enzyme abnormalities, and anti-mitochondrial, anti-phospholipid and antinuclear and doubtful anti-DNA antibodies. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was excluded on clinical grounds after a 6-year follow-up. Therefore, a diagnosis was made of the primary antiphospholipid syndrome, complicated by microvasculopathy, and associated with primary biliary cirrhosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine A, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yosipov
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yust
mesh_terms: D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D005734:Gangrene; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D014034:Toes / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*