title: Mutational analysis of Csc1/Vps4p: involvement of endosome in regulation of autophagy in yeast.
abstract: In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, autophagy, a bulk protein degradation in the vacuole, is induced in response to nutrient starvation. In a screen for mutations that result in induction of autophagy even in the presence of nutrients, we have isolated four mutants representing two csc complementation groups. These mutants induce autophagy of which activity is represented by activation of truncated alkaline phosphatase that is designed to be expressed in the cytosol. CSC1 was cloned by complementation of loss of viability phenotype of csc1-1 mutant and shown to be identical to END13/VPS4/GRD13. Though csc1-1 mutation is recessive, cells of delta csc1 do not induce autophagy in rich media, suggesting that csc1-1 allele is not a complete loss-of-function. Csc1p is a member of novel ATPase family named AAA protein including Sec18p/NSF, Cdc48p/p97, and Pas8p. Mutation site in csc1-1 is found in the SRH region that is highly conserved among AAA proteins. Cells of csc1-1 show sorting defect of CPY and the appearance of the class E compartment. These mutant phenotypes suggest the role of the protein that is involved in the traffic among the Golgi, endosome, and the vacuole in autophagy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirahama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohsumi
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001343:Autophagy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D011992:Endosomes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015698:Genomic Library; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013217:Starvation / Q000235:genetics; D013347:Subcellular Fractions
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C107528:VPS4 protein, S cerevisiae; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases