title: Preoperative treatment and survival of patients with pheochromocytomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Operative treatment is the method of choice for pheochromocytomas. The best success of the operation requires both good operative technique and effective preoperative medication. Phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride, an alpha-receptor blocker, has been our traditional premedication. Since 1988 we have used it in a combination with alpha-methylthyrosine, a catecholamine-synthesis blocker.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate different preoperative medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1984 and 1994 22 patients were operated on for pheochromocytomas in Tampere University Hospital. Five patients received alpha-receptor blocker, three patients received catecholamine-synthesis blocker, and 14 patients received their combination for a median of 33 days prior to the operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three of the five patients receiving alpha-receptor blocker, two of the three patients receiving catecholamine-synthesis blocker, and four of the 14 patients receiving combination therapy demonstrated high systolic blood pressure during the operation. Three patients, one in the alpha-receptor blocker group and two in the combination therapy group, demonstrated a short hypotensive period during the operation. None of the patients experienced severe perioperative cardiac arrhythmias. Mild sedation occurred similarly in either premedications, but the treatment did not need to be discontinued due to adverse reactions. There was no hospital mortality. Two patients had postoperative complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our initial experience with the combination therapy with alpha-receptor blocker and catecholamine-synthesis blocker is encouraging.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sand
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salmi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saaristo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Auvinen
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D011292:Premedication; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D019805:alpha-Methyltyrosine / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D002395:Catecholamines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine; D019805:alpha-Methyltyrosine