title: Widespread eradication of Helicobacter pylori: a debate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Helicobacter pylori eradication is recommended currently only in peptic ulcer patients. The accumulating evidence of a possible pathogenetic role of the germ in other pathological conditions, such as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas and (possibly) also functional dyspepsia and gastric cancer, creates increasing pressure in favor of an expansion of such indication. However, at present, cultural and practical considerations should discourage widespread screening and eradication programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The basis for our study is a critical review of the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lack of a sound pathophysiological basis linking H. pylori infection to both dyspeptic symptom perception and gastric cancer risk sharply contrasts with the numerical and clinical relevance of these pathological conditions. Screening tests are not sufficiently cheap, easy, and reliable to be applicable on a large scale. Also, eradication therapies may provide suboptimal therapeutic effects and excessive side effects if applied by physicians who are not prepared culturally.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improvement of pathophysiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic knowledge must be achieved before eradication programs can be proposed on a large scale.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stanghellini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cogliandro
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cogliandro
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Giorgio
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corinaldesi
mesh_terms: D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans