title: Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke: feasibility, safety, and efficacy in the first year of clinical practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The feasibility, safety, and efficacy of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for patients with acute ischemic stroke in clinical practice need to be assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We initiated a prospective open-label study at a university hospital and two community hospitals in Houston, Tex, immediately after the publication of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) t-PA study. A total of 30 patients, age 32 to 90 years, were treated with 0.9 mg/kg of intravenous t-PA (maximum dose, 90 mg) within 3 hours of acute ischemic stroke between December 1995 and December 1996.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six percent (6%) of all patients hospitalized with ischemic stroke received intravenous t-PA at the university hospital and 1.1% at the community hospitals. The rates of total, symptomatic, and fatal intracerebral hemorrhage were 10%, 7%, and 3%. Thirty-seven percent (37%) of patients recovered to fully independent function. The average time from stroke onset to emergency department arrival was 57 minutes; emergency department arrival to computed tomography scan 41 minutes; and computed tomography scan to administration of treatment 59 minutes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When treatment guidelines are carefully followed in an urban hospital setting, intravenous t-PA for acute ischemic stroke is feasible and shows safety and efficacy comparable to the results of the NINDS study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Texas Houston Health Science Center, USA. dchiu@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krieger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villar-Cordova
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kasner
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Morgenstern
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Bratina
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Yatsu
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Grotta
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002423:Cause of Death; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006786:Hospitals, Urban; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011358:Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012449:Safety; D013997:Time Factors; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator