title: Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase attenuates NNMU-induced alveolar injury in vivo.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine if the acute alveolar injury induced by subcutaneous injections of N-nitroso-N-methylurethane (NNMU) in rats is mediated by nitric oxide (NO.). We show that intraperitoneal injections of the NO. synthase (NOS) inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or aminoguanidine significantly attenuate the NNMU-induced alveolar injury as assessed by 1) normalization of the alveolar-arterial O2 difference, 2) attenuation of the lowered phospholipid-to-protein ratio in the crude surfactant pellet (CSP), 3) attenuation of the elevated minimal surface tension of the CSP, and 4) attenuation of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic infiltration into the alveolar space. Injections of N omega-nitro-D-arginine methyl ester, the inactive stereoisoform of L-NAME, did not affect the acute lung injury. Western blot analysis of whole lung homogenates demonstrate an elevated expression of transcriptionally inducible, Ca(2+)-independent NOS (iNOS) in NNMU-injected rats compared with control saline-injected rats. NOS inhibitors did not affect NNMU-induced iNOS expression. These investigations demonstrate that the inhibition of NOS attenuates NNMU-induced acute lung injury, suggesting a role for NO. in the progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri 63104-1079, USA.
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moxley
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Corbett
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Longmore
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009605:Nitrosomethylurethane / Q000633:toxicity*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D006146:Guanidines; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009605:Nitrosomethylurethane; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D010100:Oxygen; C004479:pimagedine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester