title: Cancer of the cervix in pregnancy: a 31-year experience at the Philippine General Hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether pregnancy, manner of delivery, the type and timing of therapy would affect the course of cervical cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of cervical cancer cases at the Philippine General Hospital from 1961 to 1990 were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival rate (SR) for cancer of the cervix in pregnancy was not different from that of the non-pregnant. Those who delivered abdominally and treated by surgery posted a higher SR compared to those delivered vaginally and treated by radiotherapy. Majority of those delivered abdominally or had surgery were in Stage I while majority of those delivered vaginally or had radiotherapy were in the late stages. Nodal metastasis was associated with poorer prognosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival rates were not affected by pregnancy nor by the manner of delivery, the mode and timing of treatment, but were still largely determined by the stage and by the presence of nodal metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Philippine General Hospital-University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Manuel-Limson
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ladines-Llave
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Sotto
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Manalo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010679:Philippines; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011878:Radiotherapy; D015996:Survival Rate; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage