title: Comparison of strength and failure mode of seven implant systems: an in vitro test.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mechanical weakness of implant systems is a problem in the clinical situation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study experimentally evaluated how joint design influences the strength and failure mode of dental implant systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  The strength tests focused on the systems as a whole. Seven implant systems with different joint design were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strength and failure mode varied significantly between the implant systems and deep joints, in contrast to shallow joints, favored resistance to bending moments. The mean failure force ranged between 138 to 693 Newtons for the various implant systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In construction of implant systems, joint depth should be taken into consideration.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Möllersten
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lockowandt
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lindén
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003442:Crowns; D000044:Dental Abutments; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006047:Gold Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D018583:Pliability; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D006047:Gold Alloys; D014025:Titanium