title: [Improving the contour and preserving the profile of the lower third of the face].
abstract: Aesthetic surgery of the lower third of the face is divided up into five clinically relevant problem regions: nasolabial folds, lips, chin, mandibular angle including horizontal ramus and neck. Surgical correction is be described in the international literature. The pathophysiological conditions that lead to aesthetic problems in the lower third of the face are explained. Based on this, the indications for different methods of correction, which include soft and bony tissue of the face, are explained. The results of our own clinical experience, dependent on alloplastic material, are presented with all the advantages and disadvantages.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie, Gesichts-, Kiefer- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Marienhospital, Stuttgart.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wangerin
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gubisch
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D002680:Chin / Q000601:surgery*; D004954:Esthetics; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000601:surgery; D009333:Neck / Q000601:surgery; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000502:physiology