title: The role of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in neurite growth of cultured chromaffin cells induced by extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field stimulation.
abstract: The ion Ca2+ has been shown to play an important role in a wide variety of cellular functions, one of them being related to cell differentiation in which nerve growth factor (NGF) is involved. Chromaffin cells obtained from adrenals of 2- to 3-day-old rats were cultured for 7 days. During this time, these cells were subjected to the application of either NGF or extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF MF). Since this induced cell differentiation toward neuronal-like cells, the mechanism by which this occurred was studied. When the L-Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine was applied simultaneously with ELF MF, this differentiation did not take place, but it did when an N-Ca2+ channel blocker was used. In contrast, none of the Ca2+ channel blockers prevented differentiation in the presence of NGF. In addition, Bay K-8644, an L-Ca2+ channel agonist, increased both the percentage of differentiated cells and neurite length in the presence of ELF MF. This effect was much weaker in the presence of NGF. [3H]-noradrenaline release was reduced by nifedipine, suggesting an important role for L-Ca2+ channels in neurotransmitter release. Total high voltage Ca2+ currents were significantly increased in ELF MF-treated cells with NGF, but these currents in ELF MF-treated cells were more sensitive to nifedipine. Amperometric analysis of catecholamine release revealed that the KCl-induced activity of cells stimulated to differentiate by ELF MF is highly sensitive to L-type Ca2+ channel blockers. A possible mechanism to explain the way in which the application of magnetic fields can induce differentation of chromaffin cells into neuronal-like cells is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Depto. de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-250, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico D.F.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morgado-Valle
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Verdugo-Díaz
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morales-Orozco
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drucker-Colín
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D000313:Adrenal Medulla / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019439:Chromaffin Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology; D008978:Mollusk Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D008978:Mollusk Venoms; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; D009543:Nifedipine; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine