The lateral hypothalamus in the modulation of tonic immobility in guinea pigs.
The lateral hypothalamus has been reported to be involved in the organization of aggression and predatory attack but not in behavioral inhibition responses such as tonic immobility (TI). TI may be defined as an inborn behavioral inhibition characterized by profound physical inactivity and relative lack of responsiveness to the environment, triggered by an intense sensation of fear generated during prey-predator confrontation. Our study indicates that cholinergic stimulation of anterior regions of the lateral hypothalamus of guinea pigs potentiates the duration of TI episodes, while stimulation of medial and posterior regions of this structure promotes a decrease in TI duration, suggesting that the lateral hypothalamus modulates the duration of TI episodes in a differentiated manner.
de Oliveira
L
L
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Hoffmann
A
A
Menescal-de-Oliveira
L
L
D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002217:Carbachol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005239:Fear; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007026:Hypothalamic Area, Lateral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008464:Mecamylamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008845:Microinjections; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D008464:Mecamylamine; D001285:Atropine; D002217:Carbachol