title: Duodenitis in children: correlation of radiologic findings with endoscopic and pathologic findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the accuracy of barium studies in the diagnosis of duodenitis in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five children (45 boys and 30 girls; mean age, 9 years) underwent upper gastrointestinal (GI) examinations. Twenty-four of the children had biopsy-proved duodenitis, and 51 were healthy control subjects. Radiologic findings were reviewed by two experienced, blinded observers and correlated with endoscopic and histologic results. Duodenal mucosal-fold thickness was measured on spot radiographs (20% magnification), and the extent of disease was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 15 children with mild duodenitis, 13 had normal radiologic findings and 11 had normal findings at esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Of nine children with severe duodenitis, all had friability or ulceration at endoscopy and mucosal-fold thickening of greater than or equal to 4 mm (> or = 3 mm in one infant aged less than 1 year) at upper GI examination. Mucosal-fold thickening was diffuse in patients with celiac, autoimmune, and adenovirus disease and was proximal in patients with peptic ulcer and Crohn disease. Of 51 control subjects, 50 had normal radiologic results, while 47 had normal endoscopic results. The sensitivity of upper GI examination for mild and severe duodenitis combined was 46% with a specificity of 98%, whereas endoscopy had a sensitivity of 54% and specificity of 92%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mucosal-fold thickening was a specific sign of duodenitis in children and should be investigated. Upper GI examination yielded results similar to those at endoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Columbus Children's Hospital, OH 43205-2696, USA.
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Markowitz
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Liacouras
mesh_terms: D001466:Barium Sulfate; D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003287:Contrast Media; D004382:Duodenitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology*; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D001466:Barium Sulfate