title: The effect of acute ethanol ingestion on estrogen levels in postmenopausal women using transdermal estradiol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether acute alcohol ingestion raises estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) levels in a randomized, controlled, crossover study on postmenopausal women using transdermal E2.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy, non-smoking postmenopausal women (n = 7) using no medications were enrolled. Transdermal E2, 0.15 mg, was applied 13 hours before the subjects ingested alcohol (1 mL/kg 95% ethanol) or isocaloric carbohydrate punch. Serum samples were obtained for 40 minutes before drink ingestion and 6 hours after drink ingestion and were assayed for E2 and E1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ethanol levels peaked 60 minutes after the start of ethanol-drink ingestion, at 25.4 mmol/L (117 mg/dL). Estradiol levels rose significantly above the mean baseline of 657 pmol/L (179 pg/mL) after ethanol-drink ingestion (P < or = .01), with a mean peak of 804 pmol/L (219 pg/mL) 35 minutes after the start of drink ingestion, and were significantly greater than the E2 levels that followed the carbohydrate drink (P < or = .0001). There were no significant changes in E2 or E1 levels after carbohydrate-drink ingestion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that ethanol ingestion may acutely raise circulating E2 concentrations in women using transdermal E2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gleason
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feltmate
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Barbieri
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000097:blood*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004970:Estrone / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D004970:Estrone; D004958:Estradiol