title: Effects of monosialoganglioside on a new model of tardive dyskinesia.
abstract: 1- The effects of monosialoganglioside GM1 were studied on a new model of tardive dyskinesia, i.e., the frequency of spontaneous tongue protrusions in rats repeatedly treated with reserpine. 2- Rats were co-treated with vehicle (VEH) or reserpine (RES) (0.1 mg/kg, s.c., every other day) and saline (SAL) or GM1 (5 mg/kg, i.p., every day) for 30 days and observed for tongue protrusions on days 10, 20 and 30. 3- During each test day animals of the RES + SAL group exhibited an increase in tongue protrusions relative to rats of the VEH + SAL group. However, rats of the RES + GM1 group showed an increased frequency of tongue protrusions only on day 10, when compared to animals of the VEH + SAL group. There were no significant differences in tongue protrusion frequency between the VEH + GM1 and the VEH + SAL groups. 4- These results differ from previous studies which reported a facilitatory effect of GM1 co-administration on conventional behavioral animal models of tardive dyskinesia. The possibility is raised that GM1 attenuates the reserpine-induced increase in tongue protrusions through its protective effect on glutamate/oxidative stress neurotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vital
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frussa-Filho
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palermo-Neto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005609:Free Radicals; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012110:Reserpine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014059:Tongue
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D005609:Free Radicals; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; D012110:Reserpine