title: Seeking balance to dialectic tensions in teaching through philosophic inquiry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To propose a plausible means of cultural criticism of nursing's educational environment for preparing new nurses by exploring epistemological tensions and their consequences from the perspective of educators.
  
  
  METHODS
  Naturalistic, qualitative, philosophic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six nurse educators teaching in a university-based traditional BSN program were interviewed in one southeastern state of the United States about their experience as creative, innovative teachers during 1991.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three major themes were reflections of the positivist work culture of teaching, reconciliation of tensions, and repercussions from personal choices. Educators reconcile dialectic tension by suppression, subordination, or equilibrium and are influenced by their sense of tension and willingness to be risk takers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Philosophical conflicts are inherent in nursing when commitments to empirical knowledge and personal meaning are both valued. A plausible means for moving beyond this tension is to increase awareness of the dynamics and consequences that occur when perspectives seem contradictory. Schools of nursing socialize future nurses. Calling into question the context in which the professional nursing culture is transmitted and reproduced is necessary if nurses of the future are to be in the forefront of changing health care.
authors.affiliation: Georgia Baptist College of Nursing, Atlanta 30312, USA.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Hodges
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D003405:Creativity; D003479:Curriculum; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate / Q000592:standards*; D005181:Faculty, Nursing; D006801:Humans; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D015279:Organizational Culture; D010687:Philosophy, Nursing; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013663:Teaching / Q000592:standards*