title: Protein kinase inhibitor attenuates an increase in endothelial monolayer permeability induced by tumour necrosis factor-alpha.
abstract: We questioned the mechanism of the increase in pulmonary endothelial permeability induced by tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of adult respiratory distress syndrome. As a measure of permeability, we determined the albumin transferred across cultured pulmonary endothelial monolayers prepared on a porous filter. The agents evaluated included protein kinase inhibitors H-7 and H-8, a calmodulin antagonist W-7, and protein kinase C (PKC) activators, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and SC-9. H-7, more potent in inhibiting PKC than H-8, failed to attenuate the increase in permeability induced by TNF-alpha. Neither PMA nor SC-9 increased permeability. However, H-8, which is a potent inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases, prevented the increase in permeability induced by TNF-alpha. These results suggest that protein kinase other than PKC are involved in the signal transduction in endothelial permeability increase induced by TNF-alpha. Calmodulin pathway may not be implicated in the increase in permeability induced by TNF-alpha.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical College, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yonemaru
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kasuga
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kusumoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyokawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toyama
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000378:metabolism; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D012016:Reference Values; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D002147:Calmodulin; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C015482:protein kinase modulator