title: Are there gender differences in neuropsychological performance in patients with first-episode schizophrenia?
abstract: To investigate gender differences in neuropsychological (NP) functioning in first episode (FE) schizophrenia, consecutively recruited patients with FE schizophrenia (37 males, 29 females) and a subsample of these patients (20 males, 20 females), individually matched for gender, age, and education to healthy controls (20 males, 20 females) were compared on a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests. Women performed better than men in tests of verbal memory and learning, and men performed better than women in spatial organization. However, no differences were present between schizophrenic patients and controls, except that male and female schizophrenic patients showed the most pronounced impairment in visual motor processing, attention and verbal memory and learning. Our data suggest that gender does not appear markedly to modify the cognitive impairment characteristic of schizophrenia. However, they underline the necessity of controlling confounding factors on NP performance such as gender and education.
authors.affiliation: State Mental Hospital Haar, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albus
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hubmann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mohr
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sobizack
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Franz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borrmann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wahlheim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012737:Sex Factors