title: Glutamate-stimulated production of inositol phosphates is mediated by Ca2+ influx in oligodendrocyte progenitors.
abstract: The effect of glutamate on the accumulation of [3H]inositol phosphates was examined in oligodendrocyte progenitor cultures prepared from rat brains. Glutamate, and the analogues alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) and kainate, caused a concentration- and time-dependent increase in [3H]inositol trisphosphate (IP3) formation and the effect was blocked by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), a competitive AMPA and kainate receptor antagonist. Similarly, the more selective, noncompetitive antagonist of AMPA receptors, 1-(4-aminophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine (GYKI 52466), significantly reduced the effect of both AMPA and kainate. In contrast, antagonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, (5R,10S)-(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclo-hepten-5, 10-imine (MK-801) and R(-)-3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP), and antagonists of metabotropic receptors, L(+)-2-amino-3-phosphono-propanoic acid (L-AP3) and alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG), were ineffective. These results suggest that the effect of glutamate on [3H]IP3 accumulation is mediated through ionotropic AMPA receptors. Cyclothiazide, an inhibitor of AMPA receptor desensitization, strongly potentiated the AMPA and kainate-stimulated [3H]IP3 formation as well as the uptake of 45Ca2+ in line with the previous findings. 45Ca2+ uptake evoked by AMPA or kainate, in combination with cyclothiazide, was also prevented by both CNQX and GYKI 52466. Glutamate-stimulated [3H]IP3 accumulation was prevented by EGTA, suggesting a requirement for extracellular calcium. Pre-incubation with the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel blockers, diltiazem, nifedipine and CdCl2, partially prevented the glutamate-induced [3H]IP3 accumulation as well as 45Ca2+ uptake. Similarly, the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger blockers benzamil and 3,4-dichlorobenzamil reduced significantly kainate-stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake. These data indicate that glutamate-induced [3H]IP3 accumulation is triggered by calcium influx via AMPA receptors, voltage-gated calcium channels and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger operating in reverse mode.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada.
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molina-Holgado
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Almazan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; D007608:Kainic Acid; D002118:Calcium