title: The influence of contrast agents on hemorrhage produced by lithotripter fields.
abstract: Ultrasonic contrast agents greatly increase the side effects of low-amplitude lithotripter fields in mice. Using a piezoelectric lithotripter, adult mice were exposed to 200 lithotripter pulses with a peak positive pressure amplitude of 2 MPa. During the exposure period, mice were injected with approximately 0.1 mL of the ultrasonic contrast agent Albunex. For comparison, another group of mice experienced the same lithotripter exposures, but were not injected with contrast agent. Following exposures, animals were sacrificed and observed for hemorrhage in various organs and tissues. Mice exposed to the lithotripter field alone had minimal hemorrhage only in the intestine and lung. In comparison, mice injected with Albunex during exposure exhibited extensive hemorrhage in the intestine, kidney, muscle, mesentery, stomach, bladder, seminal vesicle and fat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dalecki
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Raeman
authors.forename: S Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Child
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Penney
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Carstensen
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008863:Microspheres; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; C060687:Albunex; D003287:Contrast Media