title: [CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) titanium implants for cranial and craniofacial defect reconstruction].
abstract: The reconstruction of craniofacial bone defects with intraoperatively modeled prosthesis restricts the choice of material and its biocompatibility and the prediction of the esthetic result. A prolonged duration of the surgical procedure and an increased stress on the patient are consequences. In contrast, modern industrial CAD/CAM-systems allow the prefabrication of titanium prosthesis: An individual computer-based 3D model of the bony defect is generated after acquisition, transfer and evaluation of helical CT data. Basing on these data the individual prosthesis-shape is designed using freeform surfaces geometries and fabricated by a numerically controlled milling machine. The conical margins of this prosthesis-geometry are generated by the borders of the defect with a minimal gap of 0.25 mm, and the surface contours by considering the non-affected neighbouring contours with a constant thickness of 1.5 mm. Individual osteosynthesis-microplates for fixation are integrated in design and manufacturing if screw-holes cannot be integrated in the thin margins of the implants. The radiological and clinical results of 17 patients after reconstruction of craniofacial bone defects with CAD/CAM titanium implants were good. Complications were not observed.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Institut für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin der Ruhr-Universität Bochum.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eufinger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wehmöller
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heuser
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harders
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001860:Bone Plates; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D014025:Titanium; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium