Instrumental performance of an etude after three methods of practice.
For 80 fifth-grade students three practice conditions (mental, mental with physical simulation, and physical with singing) produced significant mean differences in instrumental performance of an etude. No significant differences were found for traditional, physical practice.
Vanden Ark
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School of Music, University of Akron, OH 44325-1002, USA.
D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D001307:Auditory Perception; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D009146:Music / Q000523:psychology*; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D012923:Social Class; D014831:Voice