title: External fixation of tibial plafond fractures: is routine plating of the fibula necessary?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the advantages and disadvantages of plating an associated fibula fracture in tibial plafond fractures treated with external fixation that spans the ankle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective clinical review.
  
  
  METHODS
  The incidence of treatment complications and the outcomes achieved were compared between two groups of patients with tibial plafond fractures and associated fractures of the fibula. Both groups were treated by a uniform technique of monolateral external fixation. One group, consisting of twenty-two patients with twenty-two fractures, had plate fixation of the distal fibula and the other group, thirty-one patients with thirty-two fractures, had no fibular fixation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The demographics of the two groups, including sex, fracture classification, and number of open fractures, were similar. The outcome of the two groups for radiographic arthrosis and clinical ankle score, measured at minimum two-year follow-up, showed no statistically significant difference. The total numbers of complications were not statistically different between the two groups (p = 0.15), but the types of complications varied. Group I had eight complications: five fibular wound infections, two fibular nonunions, and one angular nonunion. Group II had seven complications: six angular malunions and one tibial wound infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Open reduction and internal fixation of the fibula fracture in tibial plafond fractures treated with external fixation that spans the ankle is associated with a significant rate of complications, and good clinical results may be obtained without fixing the fibula.
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City 52242, USA.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Nepola
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: DeCoster
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hurwitz
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Bonar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001860:Bone Plates; D016267:External Fixators; D005260:Female; D005360:Fibula / Q000293:injuries*; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000379:methods*; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007869:Leg Injuries / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome