title: Intra-amygdala infusion of 2-chloroadenosine suppresses amygdala-kindled seizures.
abstract: The seizure-modulating effects of 2-chloroadenosine (2-CLA) infused directly into the amygdala were investigated. Different groups of amygdala-kindled rats were infused (1 microliter) with 2-CLA (0.25, 1, 10 and 25 nM), caffeine (200 microM and 2 mM), a combination of the two or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) applied directly through a cannula located in the amygdala. Infusion of 2-CLA dramatically suppressed seizure stage (SS), after discharge duration (ADD) and stage 5 seizure duration (S5D), while the latency to bilateral forelimb clonus (S4L) was significantly prolonged. These anticonvulsant effects were evident after 5 min, reached a maximum at the 60 min time point and were still detectable 360 min post-2-CLA infusion. Pretreatment with caffeine blocked the anticonvulsant effects of 2-CLA dose-dependently. These results may suggest that in amygdaloid-kindled rats, adenosine receptors located in the amygdala play a major role in the expression of the anticonvulsant activity of 2-CLA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Pourgholami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rostampour
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mirnajafi-Zadeh
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Palizvan
mesh_terms: D015762:2-Chloroadenosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000679:Amygdala / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D007267:Injections; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012640:Seizures / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D015762:2-Chloroadenosine; D002110:Caffeine