title: The WEAVER model of word-form encoding in speech production.
abstract: Lexical access in speaking consists of two major steps: lemma retrieval and word-form encoding. In Roelofs (Roelofs, A. 1992a. Cognition 42. 107-142; Roelofs. A. 1993. Cognition 47, 59-87.), I described a model of lemma retrieval. The present paper extends this work by presenting a comprehensive model of the second access step, word-form encoding. The model is called WEAVER (Word-form Encoding by Activation and VERification). Unlike other models of word-form generation, WEAVER is able to provide accounts of response time data, particularly from the picture-word interference paradigm and the implicit priming paradigm. Its key features are (1) retrieval by spreading activation, (2) verification of activated information by a production rule, (3) a rightward incremental construction of phonological representations using a principle of active syllabification, syllables are constructed on the fly rather than stored with lexical items, (4) active competitive selection of syllabic motor programs using a mathematical formalism that generates response times and (5) the association of phonological speech errors with the selection of syllabic motor programs due to the failure of verification.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. ardi@mpi.nl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roelofs
mesh_terms: D003463:Cues; D006801:Humans; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010699:Phonation / Q000502:physiology*; D010700:Phonetics; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D014705:Verbal Behavior