title: Psychologic, situational, and physiologic variables and on-ice performance of youth hockey goalkeepers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationship between psychologic, situational, and physiologic variables and on-ice performance of youth hockey goalkeepers.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was structured to identify relationships and predictors of goalie performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Because athletes playing solo positions in team sports have not been analyzed in depth in terms of precompetition anxiety and because goalkeeper performance is critical to game outcome, we undertook a study of 43 goalies at a hockey camp. These goalies completed psychometric inventories to assess trait and state anxiety, confidence, life stress, and social support. Holter monitors measured heart rate while the goalies rotated through on-ice stations. Goalies were videotaped at the puck-shooting machine station, and performance (percent saves) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Trait (somatic) anxiety and positive mood state (ability to share) had different but significant relationships with on-ice performance. Heart rates ranged from 88 to 208 beats/min at the on-ice stations. Mean heart rate for older goalies (14 to 18 years of age) was 164 beats/min at the puck-shooting machine and 176 beats/min at other stations such as the slap-shot station.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older goalies performed well at a high level of arousal. Better performing goalies were more experienced, had faster heart rates "in the net," and had lower scores on all measures of anxiety.
authors.affiliation: Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. smith.aynsley@mayo.edu
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Laskowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006688:Hockey / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*