title: Applications of DNA shuffling to pharmaceuticals and vaccines.
abstract: DNA shuffling is a practical process for directed molecular evolution which uses recombination to dramatically accelerate the rate at which one can evolve genes. Single and multigene traits that require many mutations for improved phenotypes can be evolved rapidly. DNA shuffling technology has been significantly enhanced in the past year, extending its range of applications to small molecule pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical proteins, gene therapy vehicles and transgenes, vaccines and evolved viruses for vaccines, and laboratory animal models.
authors.affiliation: Maxygen, Inc., Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA. phil_patten@MAXYGEN.com
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Patten
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Stemmer
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014612:Vaccines; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014612:Vaccines; D004247:DNA