title: Rorschach shading responses: from a printer's error to an integrated psychoanalytic paradigm.
abstract: Beginning with a review of the historical development, the current status, and the empirical foundations of Rorschach shading responses, I then explore how the 4 psychologies of psychoanalysis can help generate inferences about clinical issues suggested by these responses. The contributions and limitations of this theory-based approach to understanding shading responses are demonstrated and discussed through clinical examples and a review of theoretical concepts and empirical findings.
authors.affiliation: Menninger Clinic, Topeka, KS 66601-0829, USA.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kleiger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D011573:Psychoanalytic Interpretation; D011574:Psychoanalytic Theory; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012392:Rorschach Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*