title: A versatile microprocessor-based multichannel stimulator for skeletal muscle cardiac assist.
abstract: A versatile, microprocessor-based stimulator for skeletal muscle cardiac assist (SMCA) has been designed, constructed, and used in several studies. The stimulator uses multiple bipolar electrodes to deliver arbitrarily specified electrical stimulus sequences to three nerve branches of the latissimus dorsi muscle. The electrodes are electrically isolated to effect regional stimulation of the muscle. The width, amplitude, and interpulse interval of each pulse in the stimulus sequence are independently variable, and the three channels are independently programmable, allowing a wide variety of stimulus patterns. Battery powered units have been used in studies for up to one year. In this paper, the stimulator and sample applications in SMCA are described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Engineering, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Cheever
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Cmolik
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Santamore
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D000703:Analog-Digital Conversion; D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic; D004285:Dogs; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004566:Electrodes; D004576:Electromyography; D004867:Equipment Design; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D008838:Microcomputers; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation*; D012984:Software; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted; D014159:Transducers; D014584:User-Computer Interface