title: A prospective, randomized trial of two antibiotic regimens in the treatment of peritonitis in CAPD patients: teicoplanin plus tobramycin versus cephalothin plus tobramycin.
abstract: A multicentre, comparative, randomized study was performed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of two antibiotic regimens in the treatment of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients: teicoplanin plus tobramycin versus cephalothin plus tobramycin. After informed consent had been obtained, 68 patients were randomized prospectively to receive either teicoplanin plus tobramycin or cephalothin plus tobramycin. Patients were followed throughout the study and for up to 4 weeks after the end of treatment, when clinical and microbiological parameters were assessed again. The incidence of clinical failure was 4.6 times higher in the cephalothin plus tobramycin group than in the teicoplanin plus tobramycin group (7/28 versus 2/37; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in bacterial eradication between the two groups. Local and systemic tolerability were good for both regimens. The study shows that teicoplanin plus tobramycin is more effective than cephalothin plus tobramycin and might become a 'first-line' treatment for peritonitis in CAPD patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, University of Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lupo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rugiu
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernich
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laudon
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marcantoni
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mosconi
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cantaluppi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maschio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002512:Cephalothin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017334:Teicoplanin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D017334:Teicoplanin; D002512:Cephalothin; D014031:Tobramycin