Phosphorylation of phospholipase C-coupled receptors.
Early work on G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) phosphorylation focused on the adenylyl cyclase-linked beta-adrenoceptor, where phosphorylation at sites on the C-terminal tail and within the third intracellular loop results in receptor desensitisation. In recent years, intense research activity has revealed that a large number of GPCR subtypes exist as phosphoproteins, where the level of phosphorylation is dramatically increased subsequent to receptor stimulation. Among these receptor subtypes are those receptors coupled to phospholipase C (PLC). It appears, therefore, that regulation via receptor phosphorylation is a mechanism employed by all but a few GPCRs, including those coupled to PLC. Because the majority of GPCRs are coupled to the phosphoinositide signalling pathway, receptor phosphorylation of PLC-coupled receptors is a regulatory process with profound physiological significance for a huge array of biological responses. This review discusses the properties of homologous and heterologous phosphorylation of PLC-coupled receptors, together with the receptor kinases involved and the functional significance of receptor phosphorylation.
Tobin
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Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom.
D000818:Animals; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051552:beta-Adrenergic Receptor Kinases
C109334:GPR1 protein, S cerevisiae; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D051552:beta-Adrenergic Receptor Kinases; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins