title: Glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36) amide stimulates exocytosis in human pancreatic beta-cells by both proximal and distal regulatory steps in stimulus-secretion coupling.
abstract: The effect of glucagon-like peptide 1(7-36) amide [GLP-1(7-36) amide] on membrane potential, whole-cell ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K[ATP]) and Ca2+ currents, cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration, and exocytosis was explored in single human beta-cells. GLP-1(7-36) amide induced membrane depolarization that was associated with inhibition of whole-cell K(ATP) current. In addition, GLP-1(7-36) amide (and forskolin) produced greater than fourfold potentiation of Ca2+-dependent exocytosis. The latter effect resulted in part (40%) from acceleration of Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent (L-type) Ca2+ channels. More importantly, GLP-1(7-36) amide (via generation of cyclic AMP and activation of protein kinase A) potentiated exocytosis at a site distal to a rise in the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration. Photorelease of caged cAMP produced a two- to threefold potentiation of exocytosis when the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentrations were clamped at > or =170 nmol/l. The effect of GLP-1(7-36) amide was antagonized by the islet hormone somatostatin. Similar effects on membrane potential, ion conductances, and exocytosis were observed with glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), the second major incretin. The present data suggest that the strong insulinotropic action of GLP-1(7-36) amide and GIP in humans results from its interaction with several proximal as well as distal important regulatory steps in the stimulus-secretion coupling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Islet Cell Physiology, Novo Nordisk A/S, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. jlg@novo.dk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gromada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bokvist
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rorsman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005934:Glucagon; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D015221:Potassium Channels; C055453:glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36)amide; D005576:Colforsin; D013004:Somatostatin; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D002118:Calcium