title: Troglitazone (CS-045) inhibits beta-cell proliferation rate following stimulation of insulin secretion in HIT-T 15 cells.
abstract: Thiazolidinedione analogs are new antidiabetic agents that attenuate peripheral insulin resistance in noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients; however, the effects of these agents on insulin secretion are not known. We determined the short-term and long-term effects of troglitazone (CS-045) on insulin secretion in a Syrian hamster clonal beta-cell line, HIT-T 15 cells. The direct effect of troglitazone (CS-045: 10(-6)-10(-4) M) on insulin secretion was examined in F-12 K incubation medium containing 7 mM glucose. CS-045 significantly stimulated insulin secretion within 10 min at the concentration of 10(-4) M and dose dependently stimulated insulin secretion within 60 min at the concentration of 10(-6)-10(-4) M. The addition of 10(-5) M CS-045 showed an immediate increase of cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i). Removal of extracellular Ca2+ by the addition of 1.5 mM EGTA completely abolished the 10(-4) M CS-045-induced insulin secretion for 10-min. Long-term incubation (24 h) with 10(-4) M CS-045 significantly decreased beta-cell insulin content and inhibited insulin secretion. During a 5-day incubation, CS-045 showed a dose-dependent reduction of insulin secretion measured during the final 24 h. Long-term incubation with CS-045 over 3 days inhibited the beta-cell proliferation rate, assessed with [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay. CS-045 dose dependently increased the amount of DNA fragmentation measured by ELISA. The addition of nifedipine failed to attenuate the reduction of beta-cell proliferation rate and insulin secretion by CS-045, nifedipine antagonized an increase in the amount of DNA fragmentation caused by 10(-4) M CS-045. The present studies provide evidence that CS-045 inhibits beta-cell function following an acute stimulation of insulin secretion in HIT-T 15 cells. The immediate stimulation of insulin secretion by CS-045 may be mediated by an increase in Ca2+ influx from extracellular space. The induction of apoptosis may partially involves the reduction of beta-cell number by CS-045.
authors.affiliation: The First Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. kohtani@sb.gunma-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Ohtani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077288:Troglitazone
chemical_list: D002839:Chromans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D013844:Thiazoles; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077288:Troglitazone; D009543:Nifedipine; D002118:Calcium