title: A critique of the World Resources Institute's report "Pesticides and the immune system: the public health risks".
abstract: A recent World Resources Institute (WRI) report concluded that pesticides are a likely cause of immune suppression for millions of people throughout the world. The gravity of this conclusion motivated us to review the scientific evidence cited in the report. The predominant human evidence came from cross-sectional studies conducted in the former Soviet Union. These studies were difficult to evaluate due to incomplete reporting and had obvious limitations in terms of subject selection, exposure assessment,lack of quality control, statistical analysis, adequacy of the comparison group, and confounding. The toxicologic evidence was comprised mainly of acute high-dose studies in which the exposure conditions resulted in systemic toxicity. The relevance of these studies to effects at typical human exposure levels is questionable. We did not find consistent, credible evidence to support the conclusion of widespread pesticide-related immune suppression. Nonetheless, the WRI report is an important document because it focuses attention on a potentially important issue for future research and brings a substantial literature of foreign language studies to the attention of Western scientists.
authors.affiliation: Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO 63167, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Acquavella
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Flaherty
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holsapple
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kimber
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ladics
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loveless
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tobia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects*; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D011634:Public Health; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D000922:Immunotoxins; D010575:Pesticides