title: Efficient virus transmission from dendritic cells to CD4+ T cells in response to antigen depends on close contact through adhesion molecules.
abstract: Monocyte-derived cultured dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and are susceptible to HIV-1Lai infection. Compared to the low level of virus production by HIV-1-infected DCs alone, a level of virus two to three orders of magnitude higher was produced by cocultivation of HIV-1-infected DCs with autologous resting CD4+ T cells in the presence of a nominal antigen. In this coculture system, direct contact of HIV-1-infected DCs with T cells was crucial for efficient virus transmission and subsequent virus production. Blocking of the LFA-1/ICAM-1 or LFA-3/CD2 interaction between these cells substantially reduced virus production, without influence or IL-2 production by activated T cells. In contrast, cell-cell transmission of HIV between non-APCs and activated T cells was not blocked by an antibody against LFA-3. Since a low level of virus production by HIV-infected DCs was upregulated by cross-linking of CD40, it was suggested that not only focal adhesion, but also mutual activation of HIV-infected DCs and T cells through adhesion molecules, may potentiate virus transmission and production and that such activation signals to HIV may be distinct from signals responsible for IL-2 production in activated T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, National Institute of infectious diseases, Tokyo, Japan. yyokota@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsunetsugu-Yokota
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akagawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takemori
mesh_terms: D017951:Antigen Presentation; D018801:CD2 Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000502:physiology; D018968:CD58 Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D018801:CD2 Antigens; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D018968:CD58 Antigens; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1