title: Genetic association between reduced P300 amplitude and the DRD2 dopamine receptor A1 allele in children at high risk for alcoholism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is evidence that both reduction in P300 amplitude and the presence of the A1 allele are risk markers for alcoholism. We hypothesized that demonstration of a relationship between the marker and the trait in young children who had not begun to drink regularly would provide evidence for dopaminergic mediation of the reduction in P300 often seen among high-risk children. A previous association between the A1 and the P300 amplitude in screened controls supports the hypothesis that this association occurs in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children were assessed using both visual and auditory paradigms to elicit event-related potentials (ERPs). The P300 component of the ERP was investigated with respect to the genetic variation of the Taq1A D2 receptor in these children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genetic association between a marker locus (Taq1 A RFLP near the D2 receptor locus) and the amplitude of P300 was found to be present in 58 high-risk children and their relatives (a total of 100 high-risk individuals).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher proportion of children from alcoholic families may exhibit lower P300 because more of these children carry the A1 allele than is seen in the normal population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Locke
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zezza
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Neiswanger
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Steinhauer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wipprecht
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D000483:Alleles; D002648:Child; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2