title: Long-term prognosis of young patients after myocardial infarction in the thrombolytic era.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Myocardial infarction (MI) in young adults is a rare event. In the Framingham study, the 10-year incidence rate of MI per 1,000 was 12.9 in men 30-34 years old. Overall, 4-8% of patients with acute MI are < or = 40 years old.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  It was the purpose of this study to assess the in-hospital and long-term morbidity and mortality in patients < or = 40 years old with acute myocardial infarction compared with older patients in the thrombolytic era.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive series of 75 patients aged < or = 40 years (mean 35.0 +/- 4.8) with acute myocardial infarction was compared with an equally sized group of patients aged > 40 years (mean 65.1 +/- 9.8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thrombolysis or direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was performed in 52 versus 24% (p = 0.0004) and 5.3 versus 2.7% (p = NS) in younger and older patients, respectively. Significantly fewer young patients had multivessel disease (28 vs. 64%, p < 0.004). No in-hospital mortality was observed in patients with reperfusion therapy irrespective of age. After a mean followup time of 47 +/- 35 months, cardiac mortality was 0 and 11% (p < 0.03), respectively, in young and older patients with, and 3 versus 24% (p < 0.02) without reperfusion therapy, respectively. In addition, significantly fewer patients in the younger age group developed recurrent angina pectoris (12 vs. 39%, p = 0.0004) or congestive heart failure (9 vs. 34%, p = 0.0005) irrespective of reperfusion therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our observations demonstrate that long-term prognosis after myocardial infarction in young patients is excellent in the thrombolytic era.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Füllhaas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rickenbacher
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pfisterer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ritz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents