title: Changes in cerebral blood flow and postsynaptic muscarinic cholinergic activity in rats with bilateral carotid artery ligation.
abstract: Changes in both regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and postsynaptic muscarinic cholinergic activity in the rat brain were investigated after ligation of the common carotid arteries (CCAs) bilaterally with (15)O-labeled water (H2(15)O) and [11C]N-methyl-4-piperidylbenzilate, a potent muscarinic receptor antagonist.
  
  
  METHODS
  PET was performed in the same Wistar rat, 7 days and 1 mo after the CCA ligation. Regional cerebral blood flow and the transfer coefficient k3, the rate of binding of 11C-NMPB, were measured, based on the autoradiographic method and the graphical plotting analysis, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of rCBF in the frontal cortex of the ligated group were significantly lower than those in the cerebellum and those in sham group, after 7 days and 1 mo postoperation. Although the level of k3 in the frontal cortex 7 days after operation was not altered, it decreased significantly after 1 mo in the ligated group. Neither cortical infarct nor cortical neuronal loss was observed histologically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Common carotid artery ligation in Wistar rats caused a prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion without degeneration of the cortical neurons and a later decline of postsynaptic cholinergic receptor activity. These findings suggest that the decline in the postsynaptic cholinergic activity that is associated with the prolonged reduction in the cerebral blood supply may reflect pathophysiology that is equivalent to the deterioration of cognitive function in patients with chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency.
authors.affiliation: Positron Medical Center, Hamakita-City, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakiuchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Futatsubashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001561:Benzilates; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes; D010880:Piperidines; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D001561:Benzilates; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes; D010880:Piperidines; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D014867:Water; C020407:enpiperate