title: Control of herpetic stromal keratitis using CTLA4Ig fusion protein.
abstract: Herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) is an immunoinflammatory lesion in the cornea of the eye set off by infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV). The disease appears to be orchestrated by CD4+ T cells of the Th1 phenotype but the identity of target antigens involved in HSK remains unknown. In this proposal, we investigated if the inhibition of T cell activation with the fusion protein CTLA4Ig would abrogate the disease process when administered systemically. BALB/c mice infected with HSV-1 (RE strain) by corneal scarification were injected intraperitoneally on a single occasion with CTLA4Ig or L6 control (IgG Fc) given on day 2, day 5, or day 8 postinfection. Lesions in CTLA4Ig-treated mice showed markedly reduced severity judged by both slit lamp biomicroscopy and histopathology if treated on day 2 or day 5. Treated animals also expressed minimal HSV-specific splenic T cell and humoral antibody responses. Judged by the profile of T cell and IgG subset responses, inhibition by CTLA4Ig appeared more directly on the HSV-specific Th1 response, correlating with the known role of such cells in HSK. Delay of treatment until the time of disease onset (day 8) had marginal or negligible effects. The results indicate that blockade of coreceptor interaction between T cells and antigen-presenting cells during the induction phase of immune response significantly impairs onset and severity of herpetic stromal keratitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-0845, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gangappa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Manickan
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Rouse
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000187:drug effects; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016849:Keratitis, Herpetic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D015847:Interleukin-4; D000069594:Abatacept; D007371:Interferon-gamma