Effects of surface roughness of titanium implants on bone remodeling activity of femur in rabbits.
We investigated the bone remodeling activity on titanium implants with different surface roughnesses using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Two kinds of implants were used, the machined smooth-surfaced titanium and the plasma-sprayed rough-surfaced titanium. These implants were randomly inserted in a rabbit's femur from the lateral aspect of the diaphysis bicortically. Rabbits were killed at 6, 16, and 42 weeks after surgery. The implant-bone blocks were embedded in polyester resin, and were prepared to make undecalcified ground sections. Histomorphometric analyses were performed at the cortical bone-implant interface using the image obtained by CLSM. Percentages of direct bone-implant contact and bone volume (BV/TV) around the implant was greater in rough-surfaced titanium compared with the smooth-surfaced titanium at 42 weeks after implantation. On the contrary, the eroded surface (ES/BS) appeared to be less in the rough-surfaced titanium than in the smooth-surfaced titanium at 6 weeks after implantation, but thereafter, no difference was found between the two kinds of implants. Mineralizing surface (MS/BS) and mineral apposition rate (MAR) showed no significant differences throughout the experimental period. These results indicate that increased bone volume in the rabbits of rough-surfaced titanium implants is due to less remodeling activity during the early stage after implantation compared with the smooth-surfaced implants. The surface roughness of titanium is one factor which helps in determining the balance between bone formation and resorption of remodeling at the interface of the bone implants.
Suzuki
K
K
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
Aoki
K
K
Ohya
K
K
D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D005452:Fluoresceins; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008903:Minerals; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D011817:Rabbits; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
D005452:Fluoresceins; D008903:Minerals; D014025:Titanium; C007740:fluorexon