title: Intra-articular morphine and clonidine produce comparable analgesia but the combination is not more effective.
abstract: Both intra-articular morphine and clonidine produce analgesia. This study was designed to compare the analgesic effects of the two drugs, used separately and in combination. We studied 90 patients undergoing arthroscopy of the knee under general anaesthesia. Patients were allocated randomly to receive 20 ml of intra-articular isotonic saline solution containing morphine 2 mg, clonidine 150 micrograms or both. Pain was assessed on an visual analogue scale after operation and time for rescue medication was measured. There was no difference in VAS scores between the three groups and the time for rescue analgesic was comparable. We conclude that intra-articular morphine and clonidine have comparable analgesic effects in the doses used. The combination of both drugs did not seem to increase analgesia.
authors.affiliation: Clinique Saint Vincent, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gentili
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Houssel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Henel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Juhel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonnet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001182:Arthroscopy; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013565:Sympatholytics / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D004338:Drug Combinations; D013565:Sympatholytics; D009020:Morphine; D003000:Clonidine