title: Quantitation of soluble HLA-DR antigens in human serum and other body fluids.
abstract: The existence of soluble forms of MHC class II molecules is well established. To quantify soluble HLA-DR antigens (sHLA-DR) in human serum and other body fluids, we developed an enzyme immunoassay using two non-overlapping HLA-DR-specific monoclonal antibodies (RoDR, BL-la/5) and an immunoaffinity chromatography-purified sHLA-DR standard. In serum of healthy individuals, sHLA-DR levels were found in the range between 0.6 and 3 ng/ml (median 0.85 ng/ml) whereas EDTA plasma samples showed concentrations about 20 times higher (median 21 ng/ml). In tears, saliva, sweat, urine, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and bronchoalveolar lavage, sHLA-DR could also be detected. No association was found between sHLA-DR serum levels and distinct HLA specificities. In the sera of patients with autoimmune diseases, slightly enhanced sHLA-DR values were found (juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: median 2.0 ng/ml, lupus erythematosus: 1.5 ng/ml, diabetes mellitus: 2.1 ng/ml).
authors.affiliation: Institut für Immunologie, Universität Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hausmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Claus
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buchwald
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hausmann
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wegener
mesh_terms: D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D001782:Blood Donors; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D010189:Pancreatic Juice / Q000276:immunology; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology; D013542:Sweat / Q000276:immunology; D013666:Tears / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens