title: Isotype-specific G protein abnormalities in the left superior temporal cortex and limbic structures of patients with chronic schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The potential role of signal transducing guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein (G protein) in schizophrenia is largely unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We immunoquantified isotypes of G protein using specific antisera against alpha and beta subunits of G protein in the superior temporal, prefrontal, and entorhinal cortices as well as the nucleus accumbens and amygdala of postmortem brains from 19 schizophrenic and 28 control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the left hemisphere of schizophrenics, the amount of Gi alpha, Go alpha, and Gq alpha but not that of Gs alpha or G beta decreased in the superior temporal cortex by 27%, 27%, and 16%, respectively, as compared with the values in ipsilateral controls; the amount of any G protein isotype in the prefrontal and entorhinal cortices was not changed. In the nucleus accumbens and amygdala, the paranoid type schizophrenics showed a smaller amount of Gi alpha and Go alpha than the disorganized type schizophrenics. In the right superior temporal cortex, the isotype amount did not differ between the schizophrenic and control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The decreased Gq alpha immunoreactivity in the schizophrenic left superior temporal cortex may reflect the down-regulation of Gq alpha, resulting from chronic stimulation of Gq alpha-coupled receptors, while the decreased Gi alpha and Go alpha in the nucleus accumbens and amygdala of paranoid type schizophrenics may be related to the dopaminergic hyperactivity via dopamine D2 receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: C Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shirakawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008032:Limbic System / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000378:metabolism*; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins