title: 2,2'-Azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), a new lipid-soluble azo initiator: application to oxidations of lipids and low-density lipoprotein in solution and in aqueous dispersions.
abstract: Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic azo radical initiators are useful for in vitro studies on lipid peroxidation and its inhibition by antioxidants. In the present study, a new lipophilic azo compound, 2,2'-azobis(4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (MeO-AMVN), was introduced and its action as an initiator of lipid peroxidation was examined. MeO-AMVN decomposed about 15 times as fast as 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (AMVN), a widely used lipophilic azo initiator, and MeO-AMVN-initiated free radical-mediated peroxidations of lipids in organic solution and in micelles, membranes, and low-density lipoprotein in aqueous dispersions with much smaller concentration than AMVN. The rate of chain initiation by MeO-AMVN varied significantly with the medium and decreased with increasing viscosity of the medium. The advantage and cautions for using MeO-AMVN as a lipophilic radical source have been discussed and it has been concluded that MeO-AMVN, when properly used, is a useful radical initiator of lipid peroxidations especially in micelles, membranes, and lipoproteins.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Meguro, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Numano
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Niki
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D005609:Free Radicals; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes; D008823:Micelles; D009570:Nitriles / Q000737:chemistry*; D016877:Oxidants; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000737:chemistry; D012996:Solutions; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D001391:Azo Compounds; D005609:Free Radicals; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D008055:Lipids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008081:Liposomes; D008823:Micelles; D009570:Nitriles; D016877:Oxidants; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D012996:Solutions; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D014867:Water; C109522:V 70; C005575:methyl linoleate; C032159:acetonitrile