title: Effects of pulmonary surfactant on macrophage migration: suppression of chemokinesis by surfactant phospholipid and enhancement of chemotaxis by surfactant protein.
abstract: We fractionated the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from normal rabbit lungs into several fractions by high speed centrifugation and ethanol-ether extraction. Random migration, chemokinesis and chemotaxis of freshly harvested alveolar macrophages (AM), 24 h cultured AM, and peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) were assayed in vitro using a modified, under agarose method and a blind well chemotactic chamber method. Freshly harvested AM demonstrated little random migration compared with PEC. However, when freshly harvested AM were pre-incubated in surfactant free medium for 24 h, the cells showed the same rate of migration as PEC. The increased migration of the 24 h cultured AM was partially suppressed by the presence of all BALF fractions containing high proportions of phospholipid. The inhibition by Fr-L (a fraction enriched in phospholipids) was reversed by normal serum, but not by heat-inactivated serum, cholesterol, synthetic dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline, or indomethacin. Fr-L markedly suppressed macrophage chemokinesis but did not affect on macrophage chemotaxis. Alternatively, Fr-P, a delipidated preparation of surfactant consisting mainly of protein, had no effect on macrophage chemokinesis but increased the chemotaxis of PEC to zymosan-activated serum. We conclude that surfactant phospholipid suppresses AM migration, while surfactant protein increases macrophage chemotaxis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kumamoto City Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suga
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muranaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003470:Culture Media; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants