Chemokines and the arrest of lymphocytes rolling under flow conditions.
Circulating lymphocytes are recruited from the blood to the tissue by rolling along the endothelium until being stopped by a signaling event linked to the Gialpha subunit of a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein; that event then triggers rapid integrin-dependent adhesion. Four chemokines are now shown to induce such adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and to induce arrest of rolling cells within 1 second under flow conditions similar to those of blood. SDF-1 (also called PBSF), 6-C-kine (also called Exodus-2), and MIP-3beta (also called ELC or Exodus-3) induced adhesion of most circulating lymphocytes, including most CD4+ T cells; and MIP-3alpha (also called LARC or Exodus-1) triggered adhesion of memory, but not naïve, CD4+ T cells. Thus, chemokines can regulate the arrest of lymphocyte subsets under flowing conditions, which may allow them to control lymphocyte-endothelial cell recognition and lymphocyte recruitment in vivo.
Campbell
J J
JJ
Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, and Digestive Disease Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Hedrick
J
J
Zlotnik
A
A
Siani
M A
MA
Thompson
D A
DA
Butcher
E C
EC
D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D054415:Chemokine CCL19; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D054421:Chemokine CCL21; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D054399:Receptors, CCR6; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D012212:Rheology
D000954:Antigens, Surface; C515460:CCL19 protein, human; C108355:CCL20 protein, human; C515478:CCL21 protein, human; C106311:CCR6 protein, human; C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054415:Chemokine CCL19; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D054421:Chemokine CCL21; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; C069886:L-selectin counter-receptors; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D054399:Receptors, CCR6; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1