title: The haemagglutinin of Clostridium botulinum type C progenitor toxin plays an essential role in binding of toxin to the epithelial cells of guinea pig small intestine, leading to the efficient absorption of the toxin.
abstract: Binding of the purified type C 7S (neurotoxin), 12S and 16S botulinum toxins to epithelial cells of ligated small intestine or colon of the guinea pig (in vivo test) and to pre-fixed gastrointestinal tissue sections (in vitro test) was analysed. The 16S toxin bound intensely to the microvilli of epithelial cells of the small intestine in both in vivo and in vitro tests, but did not bind to cells of the stomach or colon. The neurotoxin and 12S toxin did not bind to epithelial cells of the small intestine or to cells of the stomach or colon. Absorption of the toxins was assessed by determining the toxin titre in the sera of guinea pigs 6-8 h after the intra-intestinal administration of the toxins. When the 16S toxin [1 x 10(5) minimum lethal dose (MLD)] was injected, 200-660 MLD ml-1 was detected in the sera, whereas when the 12S toxin (2 x 10(5) MLD) or 7S toxin (2 x 10(5) MLD) was injected, little toxin activity was detected in the sera. Therefore, the haemagglutinin of type C 16S toxin is apparently very important in the binding and absorption of botulinum toxin in the small intestine.
authors.affiliation: Department of BacteriologyOkayama University Medical School 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700Japan.
authors.forename: Yukako
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujinaga
authors.affiliation: Department of BacteriologyOkayama University Medical School 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700Japan.
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Kobe City College of Nursing, 3-1 Gakuen-nishimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651, Japan.
authors.forename: Sadahiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of BacteriologyOkayama University Medical School 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.affiliation: Department of BacteriologyOkayama University Medical School 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.affiliation: Department of NursingSchool of Health ScienceKibi International University 8 Iga-machi, Takahashi, Okayama 716 Japan.
authors.forename: Eiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nagamachi
authors.affiliation: Department of BacteriologyOkayama University Medical School 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700Japan.
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oguma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D012634:Bodily Secretions; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity*; D003014:Clostridium botulinum / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D003106:Colon; D004355:Drug Stability; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology; D007421:Intestine, Small; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D008871:Microvilli / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D011498:Protein Precursors; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; C096324:botulinum toxin type C