title: Primary and secondary osteosarcoma of the face: a rare childhood malignancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteosarcoma of the head and neck, especially primary forms, remains a rare and highly malignant tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  This report describes two patients who developed an osteosarcoma of the face more than ten years after treatment for bilateral retinoblastoma. We also report a third patient who presented with a primary osteosarcoma of the right superior maxilla which is one of the rarest tumors encountered in childhood oncology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mainstay of therapy is surgical resection with negative margins. Careful, long-term follow-up of survivors of hereditary retinoblastoma is essential, especially for those given radiation therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Catholic University of Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maes
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brichard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vermylen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cornu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ninane
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000628:therapy; D012888:Skull Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed