title: Postoperative analgesia and antiemetic efficacy after intrathecal neostigmine in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy during spinal anesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postoperative analgesia and antiemetic efficacy after intrathecal neostigmine were investigated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 100 patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were assigned to one of five groups (n = 20), and received intravenous prior to the spinal block the antiemetic test drug (except propofol) and 0.05 mg/kg midazolam. The control group (group C), the neostigmine group (group N), and the propofol group (group P) received saline as the test drug. The droperidol group (group D) received 0.5 mg intravenous droperidol, and the metoclopramide group (group M) 10 mg intravenous metoclopramide. Group P was single-blinded and had an intravenous continuous propofol infusion (2-4 mg/kg/h) turned on 10 minutes after the spinal injection. The intrathecal drugs administered were 20 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.5%) associated with either 100 microg neostigmine or saline (for group C). Nausea, emetic episodes, and the need for rescue medication were recorded for the first 24 hours postoperative and scored by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Time-to-first-rescue medication and rescue medications in 24 hours were similar among the groups (P = .2917 and P = .8780, respectively). Intrathecal 100 microg neostigmine was associated with a high incidence of nausea and vomiting perioperative, leading to a high consumption of antiemetics (P < .002). None of the antiemetic test drugs were effective in preventing nausea and vomiting after 100 microg neostigmine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intrathecal neostigmine (100 microg) was ineffective for postoperative analgesia after abdominal hysterectomy due to side effects of nausea and vomiting.
authors.affiliation: Disc. De Anestesiologia, Departamento de Cir. Ort. Traum., Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil.
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Lauretti
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mattos
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008875:Middle Aged; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D009388:Neostigmine