title: Interobserver agreement in the evaluation of acute retinal artery occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the agreement between two ophthalmologists in the evaluation of two important funduscopic features related to acute retinal artery occlusion: retinal cloudy swelling and visible retinal emboli.
  
  
  METHODS
  An interobserver variability study in which two ophthalmologists (one trained in glaucoma, the other in neuro-ophthalmology) independently viewed fundus photographs and categorized them with respect to the presence or absence of cloudy swelling and retinal emboli. Inter- and intraobserver agreement was calculated with the kappa statistic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retina service at a university-affiliated hospital in Kingston, Ont.
  
  
  METHODS
  The fundus photographs of 102 patients were included: 60 with acute retinal artery occlusion, 30 with conditions mimicking acute retinal artery occlusion and 12 healthy patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both interobserver and intraobserver agreement as to the presence of retinal cloudy swelling were very high (kappa = 0.835 and 0.866 respectively). More variability was seen for the presence of retinal emboli, but, overall, interobserver and intraobserver agreement were still high (kappa = 0.726 and 0.629 respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that clinicians use similar visual clues to categorize fundi with respect to retinal cloudy swelling and visible retinal emboli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: ten Hove
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pinkerton
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cruess
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004617:Embolism / Q000473:pathology; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D015356:Retinal Artery Occlusion / Q000473:pathology*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000473:pathology