title: [Results of a standardized treatment concept in primary hyperparathyroidism].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is being diagnosed ever more frequently. After diabetes mellitus, ovarian dysfunction and metabolic disorders it is now among the most frequent metabolic disease. Its surgical treatment has become standardized with increasing experience. A prospective study was undertaken to clarify to what extent our own standardized diagnostic and therapeutic measures conform to current standards in literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  During 10 years (1. 1. 1987-31. 12. 1996) 478 patients with PHPT were treated surgically (solitary adenoma: 317 (76.5%), multiple lobe hyperplasias 66 (15.9%), double adenoma 28 (6.8%), and carcinoma 4 (0.8%). PHPT was part of the MEN (multiple endocrine neoplasia) syndrome in 20 patients. Typical symptoms of PHPT had been present in 400 patients (83.7%), while 78 (16.3%) had no manifest symptoms. Ultrasound examination of the soft tissues was the only preoperative test of localization. More extensive preoperative diagnosis was practised only before reoperations. All patients had bilateral exploration of the neck to try and demonstrate all four epithelial bodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A primary operation normalized the calcium level in 405 of 414 patients (97.8%). In 64 previously unsuccessfully operated patients who were reoperated for persisting HPT the elevated calcium levels could be normalized in 90.6%. Hypercalcaemia was finally abolished in all 478 patients. Average follow-up duration for 319 patients was more than 4.8 (0.5-8.5) years. The perioperative mortality rate was 0.8 (4 of 478), with 41 deaths during the later follow-up period. Permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurred in 6 patients (1.8%). Long-term calcium substitution was necessary postoperatively in four patients (1.2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings support a liberal policy towards indication for bilateral surgical exploration of the neck in PHPT.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Allgemeinchirurgie, Philipps-Universität Marburg.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Funke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hasse
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bartsch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rothmund
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000209:etiology; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010279:Parathyroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012015:Reference Standards; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary