title: Omega-agatoxin IVA, a P-type calcium channel antagonist, reduces nociceptive processing in spinal cord neurons with input from the inflamed but not from the normal knee joint--an electrophysiological study in the rat in vivo.
abstract: High threshold voltage-dependent P- and Q-type calcium channels are involved in neurotransmitter release. In order to investigate the role of P- and Q-type calcium channels in the mechanosensory (nociceptive) processing in the spinal cord, their participation in the responses of spinal wide-dynamic-range neurons to innocuous and noxious mechanical stimulation of the knee and ankle joints was studied in 30 anaesthetized rats. The knee was either normal or acutely inflamed by kaolin/carrageenan. During the topical application of omega-agatoxin IVA (P-type channel antagonist, 0.1 microM) onto the dorsal surface of the spinal cord, the responses to innocuous and noxious pressure applied to the normal knee were increased to respectively 124 +/- 42% and 114 +/- 23% of predrug values (mean +/- SD, P < 0.05, 14 neurons). By contrast, in rats with an inflamed knee, the responses to innocuous and noxious pressure applied to the knee were reduced to respectively 72 +/- 19 and 73 +/- 22% of baseline (mean +/- SD, P < 0.01, 13 neurons). In the same neurons, omega-agatoxin IVA slightly increased the responses to pressure on the non-inflamed ankle whether the knee was normal or inflamed. Thus P-type calcium channels seem to acquire a predominant importance in the excitation of spinal cord neurons by mechanosensory input from inflamed tissue and hence in the generation of inflammatory pain. By contrast, the Q-type channel antagonist, omega-conotoxin MVIIC (1 or 100 microM), had no significant effect upon responses to innocuous or noxious pressure applied to either normal or inflamed knees (25 neurons).
authors.affiliation: Physiologisches Institut der Universität Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nebe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vanegas
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Neugebauer
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Schaible
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods; D007249:Inflammation; D007596:Joints / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013111:Spider Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020867:omega-Agatoxin IVA
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type; D013111:Spider Venoms; D020867:omega-Agatoxin IVA