title: Follicular dominance in cattle is associated with divergent patterns of ovarian gene expression for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II, and IGF binding protein-2 in dominant and subordinate follicles.
abstract: A decrease in insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (BP) amount occurs within the follicular fluid of dominant ovarian follicles. At the same time, concentrations of follicular fluid IGF-I do not change. The mRNA for IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3, in dominant and subordinate follicles were measured to determine if changes in IGF or IGFBP gene expression are associated with follicular dominance. Heifers were ovariectomized during a follicular wave, either during early-dominance (emerging dominant follicle, 9 mm diameter) or mid-dominance (established dominant follicle, 14-16 mm diameter). Follicles were classified as either dominant (DF), subordinate (SF), or not-recruited (NRF; small antral follicles). mRNA was localized by in situ hybridization and measured by image analyses. The IGF-I mRNA (granulosa cells) was greatest in DF and increased in DF, SF, and NRF from early- to mid-dominance. Likewise, IGF-II mRNA (theca cells) was greatest in DF compared with SF or NRF. The IGFBP-2 mRNA (granulosa cells), however, was nearly undetectable in DF, whereas adjacent SF expressed abundant IGFBP-2 mRNA. The NRF were not uniform in their IGFBP-2 expression because only 5 of 13 NRF had IGFBP-2 mRNA. The IGFBP-3 mRNA (granulosa cells) was found only in two NRF, suggesting that local synthesis is not a predominant source of follicular fluid IGFBP-3. These data show that changes in gene expression for IGFBP-2 are opposite to those for IGF-I or IGF-II. Increased IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA and decreased IGFBP-2 mRNA within the DF may be one mechanism leading to follicular dominance. The opposite pattern of IGFBP-2 gene expression in SF and some NRF may lead to follicular atresia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Garverick
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Youngquist
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lucy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000235:genetics; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000235:genetics*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000235:genetics; D013799:Theca Cells / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011974:Receptors, LH; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II