title: Single-shot spinal anesthesia with small doses of bupivacaine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The potential risks of spinal lidocaine have generated interest in an alternative local anesthetic solution. Features of anesthetic block were therefore assessed in a double-blind randomized prospective study following administration of spinal bupivacaine in small doses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety patients scheduled for lower limb saphenous vein stripping were randomized to receive a 4-mL hyperbaric solution containing 4, 6, or 8 mg bupivacaine in the subarachnoid space. Sensory and motor block and hemodynamic changes were assessed at regular intervals. Patients were also questioned regarding transient radicular irritation symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean duration of sensory block increased with increasing dose (duration at L2: 56 +/- 27, 71 +/- 29, 79 +/- 25 minutes in groups 4, 6, and 8 mg, respectively, P < .05). Motor block was also dose dependent. The incidence of grade 3 motor block increased from 0%, to 21%, and to 53%. No patient had symptoms of transient radicular irritation. Arterial pressure and heart rate were stable throughout the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperbaric bupivacaine 6-8 mg provides a suitable alternative to spinal lidocaine for surgical procedures of short duration.
authors.affiliation: Clinique Saint Vincent, Saint Grégoire, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gentili
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Senlis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Houssel
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Monnier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonnet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000009:adverse effects; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009407:Nerve Block; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D002045:Bupivacaine