The rhesus macaque CCR3 chemokine receptor is a cell entry cofactor for HIV-2, but not for HIV-1.
The eotaxin receptor (CCR3) is a CD4-associated coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2). By comparison with other chemokine receptors, such as CCR5 and CXCR4, the primary sequences of human CCR3 and its rhesus macaque homolog were markedly different in their extracellular domains. Human CD4+ cells expressing CCR3 from either human or macaque origin could be infected by HIV-2, with apparently similar efficiency, but only cells expressing human CCR3 could be infected by HIV-1. It suggests that HIV-1 and HIV-2 envelope proteins interact differently with the CCR3 coreceptor HIV-1 could infect cells expressing chimeric human/macaque CCR3 bearing either the first and second, or the third and fourth extracellular domains of human CCR3. As previously observed for CCR5, there seems to be a certain functional redundancy between domains supporting the coreceptor activity of CCR3. In spite of their close genetic relationship to HIV-2, two macaque simian immunodeficiency virus strains were apparently unable to use the CCR3 coreceptor from either human or simian origin.
Sol
N
N
INSERM U332, Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire (ICGM), Paris, France.
Tréboute
C
C
Gomas
E
E
Ferchal
F
F
Shacklett
B
B
Alizon
M
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D002460:Cell Line; D002678:Chimera; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology; D013379:Substrate Specificity
C515350:CCR3 protein, human; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine