title: An exploratory study combining hospital episode statistics with socio-demographic variables, to examine the access and utilisation of hospital oral surgery services.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the socio-economic background of patients who underwent inpatient and day-case oral operations from 1989-1994 in the West Midlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  National Health Services Executive West Midlands; with a population of approximately 5.5 million.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 4,926,438 hospital inpatient finished consultant episodes, within 56 specialties recorded in the hospital episode statistics database, of which 60,904 (1.24 per cent) were dental; oral surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardised hospital inpatient activity ratios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall levels of activity rose moderately over the five year study period, although the type of activity remained consistent. Surgical removal of teeth was the third most common activity of all surgical procedures. Patients who availed themselves of elective inpatient oral surgery were generally from a higher socio-economic group, in marked contrast to those patients admitted for emergency oral surgery. This observation was highlighted even further by the procedure 'removal of impacted wisdom tooth', which accounted for 41 per cent of all oral surgery activity. The most deprived communities (15 per cent of the regional population) utilised this service 50 per cent less than all other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The application of a deprivation index to hospital episode data enables more accurate assessment of service utilisation by differing socio-economic groups. The inequality of the oral surgery provision to the 15 per cent of the population which were most deprived adds to the overall debate on the appropriateness of this service. Further examination of the pattern of behaviour and referrals amongst primary dental care services is clearly needed.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Transcultural Oral Health, Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital for Oral Care Sciences, University of London, UK.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gilthorpe
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bedi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003752:Dental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003796:Dental Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004630:Emergencies / Q000453:epidemiology; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D017050:Episode of Care; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006751:Hospital Information Systems; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012923:Social Class; D013222:State Medicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery