title: Immunolocalization of transforming growth factor beta during wound repair in rat retina after laser photocoagulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Scatter photocoagulation induces regression of retinal neovascularization, but the mechanism of its therapeutic effect is incompletely understood. To elucidate the mechanism of therapeutic effect of photocoagulation is the main focus of our research. We have already demonstrated basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) immunolocalization during retinal wound repair following laser photocoagulation. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) reportedly inhibits endothelial cell growth and bFGF-induced cell proliferation in vitro. In the present study, we evaluated the immunohistochemical localization of TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2 during wound repair in the rat retina following laser photocoagulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Krypton laser photocoagulation was performed on the eyes of pigmented rats. The eyes were then enucleated on day 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 or 56 following the photocoagulation and enrolled into the analysis of immunohistochemical localization of TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunoreactivity for TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2 was present in the ganglion cell layer and photoreceptor outer segments of the normal adult rat retina. The cytoplasm of RPE cells at the photocoagulated lesion showed intense TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2 immunoreactivity on day 3 after laser photocoagulation. Macrophages that migrated into the lesion lacked positive staining for TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2. TGF-beta immunoreactivity in RPE cells continued to be upregulated for more than 1 month compared with that in normal RPE cells. Controls did not exhibit any positive staining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An elevated expression of TGF-beta immunoreactivity for a longer period of time than bFGF was observed in RPE cells at the photocoagulated lesion in vivo. In the late phase of retinal wound repair, TGF-beta may inhibit cell proliferation induced by mitogens, introduce an end stage of cellular events, and induce extracellular matrix induction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyashiro
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000915:Antibody Affinity / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006041:Goats; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta