title: Comparison of the use of medical resources and outcomes in the treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage between Canada and the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Using data from a randomized trial of tirilazad mesylate, we assessed the differences between Canada and the United States in the use of medical resources and outcomes in the treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage during the first 90 days after admission to the hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the 877 patients for whom economic data were available, 194 were enrolled in Canada and 683 were enrolled in the United States. The differences between the countries in patient characteristics, use of medical resources, and outcomes were analyzed by comparing means and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) around the differences in means. These differences also were predicted with use of multivariable regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average hospital stay was 4.2 days longer (95% CI, 1.3 to 7.1 days) in Canada, but most of the extra stay was among patients admitted to the study in poor neurological condition. In general, however, hospital stays in Canada were substantially less intensive. Patients treated in Canada spent 3.7 fewer days (95% CI, 1.2 to 6.1 days) in nursing homes and rehabilitation centers than did patients in the United States. No statistically significant differences were seen for Glasgow Outcome Scale score, death, and occurrence of vasospasm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For patients admitted to the study in good neurological condition, the apparent difference in length of stay between Canada and the United States was caused by a shift in the sites of formal care rather than to the length of this care. For those admitted in poor neurological condition, both the length and sites of care differed between the two countries. No significant difference in outcomes appeared to justify these differences in the use of medical resources.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine and the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA. hlthsvrs@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Glick
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Polsky
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Willke
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kassell
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schulman
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006295:Health Resources / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011281:Pregnatrienes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011281:Pregnatrienes; C053355:tirilazad