title: Ischaemic optic neuropathy after spinal fusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report a case of ischaemic optic neuropathy which occurred after prolonged spine surgery in the prone position in an obese, diabetic patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient was a 44-yr-old, 123 kg, 183 cm man for decompressive laminectomy and instrumented fusion of the lumbar spine. Anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone, fentanyl and succinylcholine and maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen, isoflurane and a fentanyl infusion. He was positioned prone on the Relton-Hall frame and had an uneventful intraoperative course. Estimated blood loss was 3,000 ml. He was taken to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) and the trachea was extubated 3.5 hr later. He had no pulmonary or haemodynamic problems and went to a regular nursing floor in the morning. He was discharged home on postoperative day #5. He telephoned his surgeon on postoperative day #7 to say that his vision had been blurry since surgery. His visual acuity was decreased, and on examination, he had a bilateral papillary defect, optic swelling and a splinter haemorrhage in the right eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the head and orbits detected no other abnormality. Based on this examination, he was felt to have bilateral ischaemic optic neuropathy and treated conservatively. By postoperative day #47, his visual acuity was greatly improved and near normal. Careful review of possible contributing factors suggests that the cause of the ischaemic optic neuropathy was venous engorgement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This patient developed ischaemic optic neuropathy from a prolonged interval in the prone position of the Relton-Hall frame, which may be related to venous engorgement.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA. Dilgerj-cesmtp.ccf.org
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dilger
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tetzlaff
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kosmorsky
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Agnor
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: O'Hara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization / Q000009:adverse effects; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007796:Laminectomy; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000098:blood supply; D018917:Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic / Q000209:etiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010211:Papilledema / Q000209:etiology; D016684:Prone Position; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000601:surgery; D013390:Succinylcholine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013874:Thiopental / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013997:Time Factors; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000150:complications; D014680:Veins / Q000473:pathology; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; D007530:Isoflurane; D013390:Succinylcholine; D013874:Thiopental; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D010100:Oxygen; D005283:Fentanyl