title: Urinary incontinence in nursing home residents: a cross-national comparison.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  using data from a cross-national data base we report the prevalence of urinary incontinence in nursing home residents, describe the main factors associated with bladder incontinence, and compare the usage of incontinence-related tests and care practices across countries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  urinary incontinence is highly prevalent (43-65%) in the seven countries studied. Dependency in ambulating, cognitive impairment and urinary tract infections are significantly associated with urinary incontinence in nursing home populations in most countries. Large cross-country differences are observed in the percentage of elderly undergoing incontinence-related testing and in the percentage of residents using appliances and programmes to treat or prevent incontinence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  this study of different cultural approaches and strategies to evaluate and treat urinary incontinence may stimulate a public debate on the quality of care in nursing homes and promote the sharing of care practices designed to reduce urinary incontinence.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Medicina Interna e Geriatria, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. A.SGADARI@caspur.it
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sgadari
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Topinková
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bjørnson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bernabei
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*