title: Observations on the use of medetomidine/ketamine and its reversal with atipamezole for chemical restraint in the mouse.
abstract: Ketamine and medetomidine produced chemical restraint for minor procedures in mice. Male mice required 50 mg/kg ketamine, 10 mg/kg medetomidine intraperitoneally (i.p.), and females a higher dose of ketamine (75 mg/kg i.p.). The onset of restraint effects, judged by loss of righting reflex, was more rapid in males than females. The effects were reversed using atipamezole (1-2.5 mg/kg). Recovery following administration of atipamezole was more rapid in males than females. We conclude that ketamine/medetomidine, followed by reversal with atipamezole, is an effective technique for chemical restraint in the mouse.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Teaching Unit, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Loste
authors.forename: O H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Burzaco
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature; D005260:Female; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007103:Immobilization; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008297:Male; D020926:Medetomidine; D051379:Mice / Q000502:physiology*; D010092:Oximetry; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007093:Imidazoles; C050701:atipamezole; D007649:Ketamine; D020926:Medetomidine