Clinical applications of two detection systems for HIV using saliva.
The purpose of this research was to determine if the accuracy of HIV saliva and serum test results were influenced by changes in collection sites. In order to do so, serum and saliva samples were collected from 615 subjects in eight different geographic settings. The oral fluid collection/testing systems utilized were the Orapette SalivaCard HIV-1/HIV-2 antibody test (Trinity Biotech, Ireland) and the Omni-SAL/ImmunoComb II HIV 1 & 2 Saliva Test (Orgenics Ltd, Israel). For comparison, serum samples were tested by ELISA (Ortho) with reactive results confirmed via HIV-1 and HIV-2 Western blots (Biotech/Dupont, Institute Pasteur). The HIV serum and oral fluid collections were conducted in numerous test sites, which provided a great diversity in temperature, lighting and physical layout. The tests proved to be 99.8% and 100% specific, and both were 100% sensitive, regardless of the physical setting of the collections. While these systems are not currently available in the US, this study clearly demonstrates they can accurately be utilized in a variety of clinical settings, providing great promise for future applications.
Wisnom
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University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Baltimore 21201, USA.
DePaola
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Saville
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Constantine
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Falkler
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D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D013048:Specimen Handling
D015483:HIV Antibodies; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic