title: Smooth pursuit neck torsion test: a specific test for cervical dizziness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to determine how the smooth pursuit neck torsion (SPNT) test is affected by various diseases associated with disturbances in balance and arising in the neck, in the posterior intracranial fossa, and in the labyrinth in patients having such conditions, and to compare the findings with those in healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a consecutive, prospective, double-blind clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted with ambulatory patients in a tertiary referral center (i.e., a county hospital).
  
  
  METHODS
  Studied were 75 patients with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) of at least grade II, according to the Quebec classification, all of whom had been injured in car accidents. Of these, 50 patients reported dizziness and 25 did not. CONTROL SUBJECTS: Twenty patients had vertigo of central origin with positive central nervous system findings, 20 patients had Meniere's disease, and 30 subjects were healthy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The SPNT test is a smooth pursuit eye movement test. The subjects are placed in a neutral position, and then they turn 45 degrees to the right and to the left. The difference between the average gain in neutral and torsion positions is the test parameter. In addition to the SPNT test, the authors performed saccade tests, auditory brain stem response, and the caloric test.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the two WAD groups, neck torsion reduced the SP gain (p < 0.001), but in control patients with central and peripheral vertigo and in the healthy control subjects, it did not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity of the SPNT test in the WAD group with dizziness was 90% and the specificity was 91%. The sensitivity in the WAD group without dizziness was 56%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SPNT test seems to be useful for diagnosing cervical dizziness, at least in patients with WAD having symptoms of dizziness, because it has a high sensitivity and specificity.
authors.affiliation: Central Hospital, Skövde, Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tjell
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rosenhall
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002150:Caloric Tests; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008575:Meniere Disease / Q000150:complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012438:Saccades; D014102:Torsion Abnormality; D014717:Vertigo / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D014911:Whiplash Injuries / Q000150:complications