title: Antidiabetic principles of natural medicines. II. Aldose reductase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from Brazilian natural medicine, the leaves of Myrcia multiflora DC. (Myrtaceae): structures of myrciacitrins I and II and myrciaphenones A and B.
abstract: The methanolic extract and ethyl acetate-soluble portion from a Brazilian natural medicine, the leaves of Myrcia multiflora DC., which has been used as a specific medicine against diabetes, were found to show inhibitory activities on aldose reductase and alpha-glucosidase and on the increase of serum glucose level in sucrose-loaded rats and in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. From the ethyl acetate-soluble portion, new flavanone glucosides, myrciacitrins I and II, and new acetophenone glucosides, myrciaphenones A and B, were isolated together with several known compounds such as five flavonol glycosides, myricitrin, mearnsitrin, quercitrin, desmanthin-1, and guaijaverin. The structures of new compounds were determined on the basis of physicochemical and chemical evidence. The principal components of this natural medicine including new glucosides, myrciacitrin I and myrciaphenone B, were found to show potent inhibitory activities on aldose reductase and alpha-glucosidase.
authors.affiliation: Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Toguchida
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamahara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001938:Brazil; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D008871:Microvilli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013395:Sucrose
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005419:Flavonoids; D005960:Glucosides; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013395:Sucrose; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase