title: The effect of race on incidence and clinical course in systemic lupus erythematosus: The Hopkins Lupus Cohort.
abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus, a chronic autoimmune disease of young women, has a higher incidence and prevalence in African Americans. The Hopkins Lupus Cohort, a prospective longitudinal study of SLE outcomes, has shown that race is a major predictor of clinical manifestations, laboratory and serologic tests, and disease-related morbidity. The effect of race on musculoskeletal morbidity remains even after adjustment for education, insurance status, and smoking.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American