title: Measuring nursing governance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite outcomes studies measuring such variables as job satisfaction, autonomy, professionalism, turnover, leadership styles, and more recently, cost-effectiveness, no consistent relationships have been established between shared governance models and outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To define and develop an instrument to measure the governance of hospital-based nurses.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 88-item Index of Professional Nursing Governance (IPNG) was developed to measure professional nursing governance of hospital-based nurses. Psychometric properties were tested with 1,162 registered nurses from 10 hospitals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Content validity after item generation was .95, using Popham's average congruency procedure. Six factors explained 42% of the variance with subscale intercorrelations between .43 and .67. All subscales had a high degree of internal consistency (alphas .87 to .91); test-retest reliability was .77. Construct validity testing showed that scores between shared governance and traditionally governed hospitals were significantly different. A correlation was found between scores on the IPNG and the Hague and Aiken Index of Centralization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study support the validity of the 88-item IPNG as a reliable instrument for measuring the distribution of professional nursing governance of hospitals.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hess
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009718:Nurse Administrators; D015401:Nursing Administration Research; D009738:Nursing Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014481:United States