title: Relation between sexual abuse in childhood and adult depression: case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between sexual abuse in childhood and adult depression in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two stage, case detection and case identification design, using the 30-item general health questionnaire and the Beck depression inventory for screening and the affective items relating to current functioning on the schizophrenia and affective disorders schedule to identify depressed cases. Details of sexual abuse in childhood were elicited retrospectively by semistructured interview, and social problems by the social problems questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three general practices, in middle class suburban, deprived inner city, and rural areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  1189 women were screened and 237 subsequently interviewed; 132 were depressed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  49 (37%) of the depressed interviews and 24 (23%) of the non-depressed interviews reported experience of sexual abuse when they were aged under 16 years. A positive association existed between the more severe abuse and depression--all those who had experienced penetration were depressed as adults. A relation was also found between sexual abuse in childhood and sexual problems, housing problems, and problems with their children at school.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A positive association between child sexual abuse and depression was confirmed, but this was confined to more severe abuse (penetration or attempted penetration).
authors.affiliation: St Patrick's Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland. dpn@iol.ie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cheasty
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Clare
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012923:Social Class; D014504:Urban Health