title: Depressive symptoms among Filipino American adolescents.
abstract: Minority ethnic status has been found to be related to higher levels of depressive symptoms among adolescents and adults. The present study examined the rates of depressive symptoms (as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: CES-D Scale) of 270 Filipino American adolescents residing in rural and small-town areas of Hawaii. CES-D scores were compared with scores of a White group, and no ethnic differences were found. Compared with Filipino males, Filipino females were found to have higher CES-D scores, with higher mean scores on the majority of the CES-D items. The few Filipino students who reported attempting suicide had moderately high to very high levels of reported depressive symptoms. Lack of ethnic differences may be due to Hawaii's unique cultural mix, where there is no single "majority group" and a high rate of cultural interaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu 96813, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Edman
authors.forename: N N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glipa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Danko
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Waldron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003863:Depression / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006254:Hawaii / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010679:Philippines / Q000208:ethnology; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000706:statistics & numerical data