title: [Treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in the elderly].
abstract: Sixty outpatients at the age of 65 to 75 years with exacerbated chronic bronchitis were treated with antibiotics: amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (20 patients), cefaclor (20 patients) and ciprofloxacin (20 patients). The treatment course in all the cases was 5 days. Bacteriological tests of the sputum specimens and estimation of the isolate antibiotic susceptibility by the disk diffusion method were applied to all the patients before and after the treatment. 73 per cent of the patients had mixed infection. The microflora mainly included various species of streptococci highly susceptible to the drugs (54 per cent) as well as highly susceptible strains of pneumococci and hemophilic bacilli (33 and 17 per cent respectively). Atypical microflora was detected in 10 per cent of the cases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were isolated in 2 cases. Acinetobacter sp. slightly susceptible only to ciprofloxacin was isolated in 1 case. Citrobacter sp. slightly susceptible to cefaclor and moderately susceptible to ciprofloxacin was detected in 1 case. Enterobacter sp. moderately susceptible only to ciprofloxacin was isolated in 1 case. A positive factor was moderate susceptibility of Proteus mirabilis to all the three drugs. In 24 patients (the average age of 54.7 years) the pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin administered under 2 different regimens was studied. The drug was used in a single dose of 400 mg once a day (group 1) or in a dose of 200 mg twice a day (group II) followed by estimation of the drug concentration in the blood and sputum. The pathogen eradication was stated in 61.5 and 72.7 per cent of the patients in groups I and II, respectively. By the results of the treatment with the use of the above mentioned antibiotics in the elderly patients fluoroquinolones should be considered preferable from the clinical and pharmacoeconomic viewpoints.
authors.affiliation: Russian State Medical University, Moscow.
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Komarova
authors.forename: Iu B
authors.initials: IuB
authors.lastname: Belousov
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Sokolov
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Tishchenkova
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Efremenkova
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology; D002433:Cefaclor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D010406:Penicillins; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002433:Cefaclor; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D015242:Ofloxacin
vernacular_title: Lecheniie infektsił nizhnikh dykhatel'nykh puteł u lits pozhilogo vozrasta.