title: Trapidil inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade.
abstract: Trapidil, an antiplatelet drug, has been shown to reduce restenosis after angioplasty. It exerts its action, at least in part, by inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, antagonizing platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). We examined its site of action on PDGF cellular signaling. Exposure of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells to increasing concentrations of trapidil for 18 hours resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in PDGF-BB-stimulated [3H] thymidine incorporation. Trapidil (400 microg/mL) increased PDGF beta-receptor protein by 28+/-8%, whereas PDGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of PDGF beta-receptor remained unchanged. PDGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase Cgamma, the p85 regulatory subunit of phosphatidyl-inositol 3 kinase, Ras GTPase-activating protein, and an adaptor molecule Shc were also not altered. On the other hand, trapidil inhibited PDGF-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) activity by 35+/-7% at 10 minutes and by 32+/-10% at 6 hours. Activation of Raf-1, an upstream activator of MAP kinase, by PDGF was also attenuated by trapidil. Moreover, protein content of MAP kinase phosphatase-1, which inactivates MAP kinase, was elevated in trapidil-treated cells. These actions of trapidil may be mediated by cAMP. Thus, there was a 1.9-fold increase in cellular cAMP generation in trapidil-treated cells. The present results demonstrate that trapidil antagonizes PDGF-induced mitogenesis and MAP kinase activation in vascular smooth muscle cells, probably through cAMP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoshiya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Awazu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D014192:Trapidil / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; C517021:Dusp1 protein, rat; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D014192:Trapidil