title: Effect of treatment concentration on lipopolysaccharide affinity for two alloys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) adherence to and elution from a Type III gold and a Ni-Cr-Be alloy using Escherichia coli LPS.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-half of the specimens of each alloy were pre-treated with 500 micrograms non-radiolabeled E. coli LPS for 24 h at 37 degrees C. All disks were then incubated with 0.15, 15 or 150 micrograms radiolabeled E. coli LPS for 24 h at 37 degrees C. To evaluate radiolabeled LPS elution, specimens were transferred to LPS-free water and incubated for 24 h at 37 degrees C. The elution scheme, which consisted of 24 h incubations and subsequent transfer to new LPS-free water, continued for up to 96 h total elution. Radiolabeled LPS adherence and elution was determined through liquid scintillation spectrometry. Control disks not treated with LPS were evaluated throughout the study with an enzymatic assay to ensure that extraneous LPS contamination did not occur. A multifactor ANOVA (p = 0.05) was used to evaluate differences in adherence to alloy specimens based upon alloy type, pretreatment status and [3H]LPS concentration. A repeated measures analysis ANOVA (p = 0.05) was used to evaluate differences in elution patterns among groups over time. Least square means were compared in case of significant effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Toxin uptake at each treatment concentration was significantly different from the other treatment concentrations. In addition, significantly greater amounts of [3H]LPS eluted from the non-pretreated Ni-Cr-Be alloy following the 0.15 and 15 micrograms radiolabeled [3H]LPS treatment, whereas no difference in elution was found among experimental groups following the 150 micrograms [3H]LPS treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  E. coli LPS, an LPS type representative of enteric bacteria common to the gingival sulcus, has differing affinities for the alloys. This affinity difference could influence periodontal inflammatory processes, thereby resulting in differing tissue responses adjacent to dental restorations fabricated from these materials. The interaction of other LPS types with these alloys could differ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, USA. kknoerns@mail.mcg.edu
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Knoernschild
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Tompkins
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lefebvre
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Russell
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D002858:Chromium Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D017266:Dental Prosthesis / Q000382:microbiology; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000737:chemistry; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000737:chemistry; D006047:Gold Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D002858:Chromium Alloys; D004731:Endotoxins; D006047:Gold Alloys; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010087:Oxides