title: Videoendoscopic assessment of dynamic laryngeal function during exercise in horses with grade-III left laryngeal hemiparesis at rest: 26 cases (1992-1995).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate laryngeal function by means of videoendoscopy during high-speed treadmill exercise in racehorses with grade-III left laryngeal hemiparesis at rest and to determine outcome of treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  26 racehorses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Videoendoscopy of the larynx was performed while horses were at rest and exercising on a treadmill. Horses were classified as having grade-IIIA, -IIIB, or -IIIC laryngeal hemiparesis on the basis of the degree of arytenoid cartilage abduction maintained during exercise. Postoperative racing performance was determined by evaluating race records and conducting telephone surveys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  20 (77%) horses had grade-IIIC laryngeal hemiparesis (i.e., severe dynamic laryngeal collapse during exercise). Eighteen underwent surgery, and racing performance was improved in 9. Five (19%) horses had grade-IIIB laryngeal hemiparesis (i.e., left arytenoid cartilage and vocal fold were maintained in an incompletely abducted position during exercise). Four underwent surgery, and racing performance was improved in 1. One (4%) horse had grade-IIIA laryngeal hemiparesis (i.e., full abduction of arytenoid cartilage during exercise); surgery was not performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Videoendoscopy is useful in determining dynamic laryngeal function in racehorses with grade-III laryngeal hemiparesis at rest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, New Bolton Center, Kennett Square 19348, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hammer
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Tulleners
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Parente
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001193:Arytenoid Cartilage / Q000503:physiopathology; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006736:Horses; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D014741:Video Recording; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000503:physiopathology