title: The possible role of the immune system in the aetiopathogenesis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
abstract: This review examines recent evidence suggesting a role for the immune system, in particular cytokines, in the pathogenesis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Ovarian tissue is known to contain cells capable of producing a range of immunological mediators and the concentrations of these have been shown to be elevated in serum and ascitic fluid from women with established OHSS. Available evidence points to a role for vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-2, possibly acting through other intermediary cytokines, in the pathogenesis of OHSS. However, each individual has a unique cytokine profile and several cytokines may share biological actions, making it difficult to interpret data on isolated cytokine concentrations from relatively small numbers of patients. Improved understanding of the role of the immune system in the development of OHSS may have implications for the prediction, prevention and management of this iatrogenic condition.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Medicine, University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Michael's Hospital, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bansal
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000502:physiology; D016471:Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D014652:Vascular Diseases; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors