title: Contrasting effects of acute and chronic ethanol administration on rat liver tyrosine aminotransferase.
abstract: We compared the effects of acute and chronic ethanol administration on the activity and synthesis of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) in rat liver. In acute experiments, chow-fed rats received a single dose of either ethanol (6 g/kg body wt.) or saline. In chronic studies, rats were pair-fed liquid diets containing either ethanol (36 % of calories) or isocaloric maltose-dextrin for 6-8 weeks. In rats acutely fed ethanol, the relative rate of TAT synthesis was more than twofold higher than in saline-treated controls. In rats subjected to chronic ethanol administration, both the TAT activity and synthesis rate were the same as in pair-fed controls, but both these parameters in the two groups were equal to those in animals given acute ethanol acutely. These findings indicate that whereas acute ethanol administration was associated with a stimulation of TAT synthesis, long-term ethanol administration was not. The data suggest that ethanol itself does not directly induce TAT. Rather, enzyme synthesis is regulated by one or more endogenous secondary effector(s) whose production is influenced differently by acute or chronic ethanol feeding.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Nebraska College of Medicine, Omaha 68105, USA. tdonohue@unmc.edu
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Donohue
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Drey
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Zetterman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007163:Immunosorbent Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000097:blood; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D000431:Ethanol; D014443:Tyrosine; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase