title: Pyruvate kinase isoenzyme shift from L-type to M2-type is a late event in hepatocarcinogenesis induced in rats by a choline-deficient/DL-ethionine-supplemented diet.
abstract: Rats received a choline-deficient diet containing 0.1% (w/w) DL-ethionine (CDE) for 4, 10, 14 or 22 weeks. A separate group was treated for 4 weeks with CDE and then received a normal diet for 4 weeks. The L and M2 isoenzymes of pyruvate kinase were immunocytochemically demonstrated in liver sections. L-PK expression was strongly reduced in the hepatocytes after 4 weeks of treatment and remained low until the end of the study. Withdrawal of CDE after 4 weeks followed by 4 weeks normal diet resulted in a nearly full recovery of L-PK expression as compared to untreated controls. At later stages (10-22 weeks of CDE- treatment) many pseudolobules, preneoplastic foci of altered hepatocytes (FAH) such as combined clear/acidophilic cell foci (CCF/ACF) and mixed/basophilic cell foci (MCF/BCF), and hepatocellular adenomas (HCA) were observed. Pseudolobules showed a slight reduction in L-PK-expression, and were negative for M2-PK. In all clear cell components of CCF/ACF excessively storing glycogen, L-PK-expression was increased compared to both the surrounding parenchyma and hepatocytes of controls. In acidophilic cell components with less pronounced glycogen storage L-PK expression was similar to that of pseudolobules showing a slightly reduced content of this enzyme protein. M2-PK was invariably negative in CCF/ACF. In most MCF glycogen-storing subpopulations expressed L-PK, whereas in all glycogen-poor basophilic populations L-PK protein was strongly reduced. M2-PK was not expressed in most of these MCF. However, in rare MCF the reduction in L-PK expression was combined with a significant expression of M2-PK. In HCA M2-PK underwent a further increase, although to a variable degree, while L-PK remained strongly reduced. Our results show that an isoenzyme shift from L-PK to M2-PK takes place at a late stage of the hepatocarcinogenic process, and that those MCF with a low L-PK expression and a reexpression of M2-PK most probably represent the direct precursor lesions of hepatocellular neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Pathology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany. h.hacker@dkfz-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hacker
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bannasch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002796:Choline Deficiency; D004032:Diet; D005001:Ethionine; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011770:Pyruvate Kinase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D011770:Pyruvate Kinase; D005001:Ethionine