Anandamide amidohydrolase reacting with 2-arachidonoylglycerol, another cannabinoid receptor ligand.
Two endogenous ligands for cannabinoid receptors, anandamide (arachidonylethanolamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, lose their biological activities by enzymatic hydrolysis. A cDNA for a rat liver enzyme hydrolyzing anandamide as well as oleamide was overexpressed in COS-7 cells. When the particulate fraction was allowed to react with 2-arachidonoylglycerol, arachidonic acid was produced. In contrast, this hydrolytic reaction did not occur with the control cells. The hydrolysis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol proceeded about 4-fold faster than the anandamide hydrolysis with a Km value as low as 6 microM and an optimal pH of 10. Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate inhibited the hydrolysis of both anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in parallel. Furthermore, the hydrolysis of [14C]2-arachidonoylglycerol was inhibited by anandamide dose-dependently. These results suggest that anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol can be inactivated by the same enzyme.
Goparaju
S K
SK
Department of Biochemistry, Tokushima University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Ueda
N
N
Yamaguchi
H
H
Yamamoto
S
S
D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression; D005989:Glycerides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010664:Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride / Q000494:pharmacology; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D051381:Rats; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000819:agonists*; D014162:Transfection / Q000235:genetics; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases
D000581:Amidohydrolases; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D004075:Diglycerides; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005989:Glycerides; D063065:Organophosphonates; D010664:Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases; C094503:glyceryl 2-arachidonate; C078814:anandamide