title: Experimental infection of vaccinated slaughter ostriches with virulent Newcastle disease virus.
abstract: A virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolate from an outbreak in commercial poultry, with virulence indices of MDT = 47-48 h; IVPI = 2,17 and ICPI = 1,8; was used to inoculate 10x vaccinated (standard poultry vaccines) as well as 10x unvaccinated slaughter ostriches via intratracheal, ocular and nasal routes, in a controlled environment. All unvaccinated ostriches developed clinical signs (mainly respiratory); two of them died while the other eight recovered. No vaccinated ostriches developed any clinical signs. All remaining (18) ostriches were slaughtered 14 d after the last mortality. Virulent NDV could be re-isolated from the dead birds, but not from organs, muscle (fresh), muscle (24 h chilled), gastro-intestinal tract, bone-marrow or respiratory system taken from the slaughtered ostriches. It is suggested that it would be extremely unlikely that the international trade in ostrich meat could act as a mechanism for spreading virulent NDV from endemic to non-endemic parts of the world.
authors.affiliation: Ostrich Unit, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, South Africa.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Verwoerd
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Gerdes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olivier
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D014774:Virulence