title: The 28K protein in urinary bladder, squamous metaplasia and urine is triosephosphate isomerase.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to establish the identity of a protein found in high concentrations in squamous metaplasia of the bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  The protein was isolated and subjected to a series of physical, chemical, and catalytic studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the normal urothelium the protein was confined to a juxtanuclear pattern on the luminal side of the umbrella cells; in squamous metaplasia and squamous cell carcinoma the protein was increased and exhibited a more diffuse intracellular distribution. The protein was found to be identical to triosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.1; TPI) with respect to its immunological properties, native and subunit molecular weights, electrophoretic mobility, catalytic activity, and amino acid sequence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the basis for the altered distribution of TPI remains to be established, the increased amounts of the protein in urine or bladder tissue may be indicative of squamous metaplasia, squamous cell carcinoma, or other bladder injuries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center, Downey, California 90242, USA.
authors.forename: J Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Montgomerie
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gracy
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Holshuh
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Keyser
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Schick
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D002384:Catalysis; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000652:urine; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase