title: The oculomotor periphery: the clinician's focus is no longer a basic science stepchild.
abstract: The study of the oculomotor periphery, the extraocular muscles and their orbital attachments, is undergoing a rapid expansion. This is an important progression for both basic and clinical communities as, for too long, the ophthalmologist has worked primarily in the periphery and the basic researcher has been occupied with study of the central components of the oculomotor system. From recent studies, it is clear that the morphology, cell and molecular biology, and genetics of the eye muscles and their corresponding motoneuron pools, and muscle attachments within the orbit are more complex than has heretofore been appreciated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536-0084, USA. anajohnp@pop.uky.edu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karathanasis
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Bonner
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Brueckner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009886:Ophthalmoplegia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*