title: Reversal of ischemic-induced chronic memory dysfunction in aging rats with a free radical scavenger-glycolytic intermediate combination.
abstract: Rats were subjected to bilateral carotid artery occlusion (2-VO) or sham occlusion (No-VO) and tested 12 weeks for visuo-spatial memory (VSM) function. After 14 weeks, 2-VO rats (N = 4) showing severe visuo-spatial memory impairment were given dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-fructose 1,6-diphosphate (FDP) i.p. for seven days and retested on the water maze. After DMSO-FDP, a 54% improvement in their VSM was seen which nearly reached control No-VO values. Untreated 2-VO (N = 4) and No-VO (N = 8) rats showed no significant changes in their VSM. DMSO-FDP treatment was discontinued and rats were retested on the water maze but improvement was lost and VSM function regressed to pretreatment levels. Immunohistochemical examination showed minimal neuronal damage in all 2-VO rats and slight loss of microtubule associated protein-2. Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunostaining increase was observed only in untreated 2-VO rats. The results indicate that a DMSO-FDP combination improves VSM secondary to chronic brain hypoperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de la Torre
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Pappas
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D000818:Animals; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005635:Fructosediphosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005635:Fructosediphosphates; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C029063:fructose-1,6-diphosphate; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide