Update: clinically significant cytochrome P-450 drug interactions.
Recent technologies have resulted in an explosion of information concerning the cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes and increased awareness of life-threatening interactions with such commonly prescribed drugs as cisapride and some antihistamines. Knowledge of the substrates, inhibitors, and inducers of these enzymes assists in predicting clinically significant drug interactions. In addition to inhibition and induction, microsomal drug metabolism is affected by genetic polymorphisms, age, nutrition, hepatic disease, and endogenous chemicals. Of the more than 30 human isoenzymes identified to date, the major ones responsible for drug metabolism include CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP1A2, and the CYP2C subfamily.
Michalets
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Department of Pharmacy, Mission-St. Joseph's Health System, and the University of North Carolina School of Pharmacy Community-Based Practice, Asheville 28801, USA.
D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D065609:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D065690:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D006801:Humans; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism; D010600:Pharmacology
D065609:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors; D065690:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C104464:CYP3A protein, human; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; C510163:CYP3A4 protein, human