title: Markedly high plasma erythropoietin and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor levels in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
abstract: In patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), we measured plasma concentrations of endogenous hematopoiesis-regulatory cytokines to characterize bone marrow (BM) hypoplasia which is a major cause of death. Contrary to 10 healthy individuals, all 14 patients with PNH showed increases of erythropoietin (Epo) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). There were no signs of infection, renal dysfunction or hypoxia. The lower the hemoglobin level and granulocyte count, the higher the plasma Epo and G-CSF levels. In contrast, marked differences were not found in the levels of interleukin-3 (IL-3), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), stem cell factor (SCF), granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), or interferon-gamma) (IF-gamma). The cytokine profiles of PNH patients were quite similar to those of patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The cytokine profiles may support a pathological relationship between PNH and these stem cell disorders.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakakuma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagakura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horikawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kagimoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takatsuki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood*; D006457:Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D004921:Erythropoietin; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor