title: [Pulmonary cryptococcosis during HIV infection. 15 cases].
abstract: We reviewed the records of 15 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC). PC was the first AIDS-defining manifestation in nine patients. HIV infection was identified simultaneously with the onset of PC in 4 patients. The CD4+ lymphocyte count was low in all cases (median, 24/m3). Chest radiography showed interstitial infiltrates in 13 instances, associated with pleural effusion in 5 cases and hilar adenopathy in 2 cases. In one case, chest-X-ray showed isolated pleural effusion and was normal in one patient. For 11 of 12 patients, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture was positive for Cryptococcus neoformans. Seven of 15 patients had evidence of extrapulmonary cryptococcal disease with positive cerebrospinal fluid culture. Serum cryptococcal antigen was detected in all 15 patients. Concomitant lung infection with Pneumocystis carinii was diagnosed in 4 patients. First-line regimen was fluconazole in 10 patients and amphotericin B in 4 patients. Fluconazole has been prescribed in 7 patients as a permanent suppressive therapy and should be continued indefinitely.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Balloul
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Couderc
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cahite
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Saimot
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Caubarrère
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000175:diagnosis; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole
vernacular_title: Cryptococcose pulmonaire au cours de l'infection à VIH. 15 observations.