title: Inactivation of cerebellar nitric oxide synthase by ethanol in vitro.
abstract: The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor/nitric oxide synthase (NOS)/guanylate cyclase pathway, which plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity in the brain, is modulated by ethanol. We studied the effect of ethanol in vitro on NOS in rat cerebellum and showed that ethanol (25-200 mM) inactivated NOS in a dose-dependent manner. This inactivation was prevented by the biopterin cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) as well as by L-arginine, a NOS substrate, but not by NADPH. These results suggest that ethanol reduces NOS activity by modulating the conformation of the enzyme and thereby its stability, probably by interacting with the binding sites of BH4 and/or of L-arginine. Our data also suggest that inactivation of NOS may contribute to the decrease in the cGMP level, and thus may play a role in the pharmacological actions of ethanol in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Research on Alcoholism, Biomédicale des Saints-Pères, Paris, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fataccioli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gentil
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nordmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rouach
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001708:Biopterins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D001708:Biopterins; D000431:Ethanol; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; C003402:sapropterin; D006152:Cyclic GMP