title: Limulus antilipopolysaccharide factor prevents mortality late in the course of endotoxemia.
abstract: Limulus antilipopolysaccharide factor (LALF) can neutralize bacterial endotoxin, but its ability to prevent mortality following prolonged endotoxemia is unknown. Mice were challenged with an LD50 dose of intraperitoneal E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and then received LALF at various times after administration of LPS. Survival at 72 h was significantly improved by the administration of LALF at 4, 10, and even 24 h after LPS (73%, 78%, and 65% survival, respectively, vs. 15% survival in controls). Following intravenous administration of LALF at either 10 or 24 h after LPS, plasma levels of biologically active LPS abruptly fell (> 1000-fold lower than pre-LALF levels). Plasma LALF concentrations fell much more gradually in LPS-treated mice (t1/2 = 120 min) than in control mice (t1/2 = 2.5 min). In conclusion, LALF markedly decreased plasma concentrations of biologically active LPS and protected mice from lethality even when LALF was not administered until long after the onset of continuous endotoxemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of California School of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco 94121, USA.
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Child
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Wainwright
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D007447:Invertebrate Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D007447:Invertebrate Hormones; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C034705:antilipopolysaccharide factor (Limulus)