title: Cystathionine-beta-synthase deficiency: detection of heterozygotes by the ratios of homocysteine to cysteine and folate.
abstract: Elevated total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) is recognized as an independent risk factor for occlusive vascular disease. However, it is not known how much of the observed hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with vascular disease is due to heterozygosity for cystathionine-beta-synthase (CbetaS) deficiency, because a clinically useful screening method is unavailable. To determine this, parents of children who are homozygous for CbetaS deficiency (affected with homocystinuria) and a control population were compared for tHcy, total plasma cysteine (tCys), plasma folate, and plasma vitamin B12. The group of obligate heterozygotes had increased tHcy (P < or = .01), decreased tCys (P < or = .01), and decreased plasma folate (P < or = .01). The calculated ratios of tHcy/tCys (P = .01) and tHcy/plasma folate (P = .003) were the best metabolic discriminants for genotype. These ratios are likely to prove useful in heterozygote screening for CPS deficiency and in the development of rational treatment strategies for patients with increased tHcy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Boddie
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Steen
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pasquali
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Dembure
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Elsas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003541:Cystathionine beta-Synthase / Q000172:deficiency*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D006580:Genetic Carrier Screening; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006712:Homocystinuria / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D006710:Homocysteine; D005492:Folic Acid; D003541:Cystathionine beta-Synthase; D003545:Cysteine; D014805:Vitamin B 12