title: NO does not mediate inhibitory neural responses in sheep airway and bronchial vascular smooth muscle.
abstract: Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) influences acetylcholine-induced bronchovascular dilation in sheep and is a mediator of the airway smooth muscle inhibitory nonadrenergic, noncholinergic neural response in several species. This study was designed to determine the importance of NO as a neurally derived modulator of ovine airway and bronchial vascular smooth muscle. We measured the response of pulmonary resistance (RL) and bronchial blood flow (Qbr) to vagal stimulation in 14 anesthetized, ventilated, open-chest sheep during the following conditions: 1) control; 2) infusion of the alpha-agonist phenylephrine to reduce baseline Qbr by the same amount as would be produced by infusion of Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), a NO synthase inhibitor; 3) infusion of L-NNA (10(-2) M); and 4) after administration of atropine (1.5 mg/kg). The results showed that vagal stimulation produced an increase in RL and Qbr in periods 1, 2, and 3 (P < 0.01) that was not affected by L-NNA. After atropine was administered, there was no increase in Qbr or RL. In vitro experiments on trachealis smooth muscle contracted with carbachol showed no effect of L-NNA on neural relaxation but showed a complete blockade with propranolol (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the vagally induced airway smooth muscle contraction and bronchial vascular dilation are not influenced by NO, and the sheep's trachealis muscle, unlike that in several other species, does not have inhibitory nonadrenergic, noncholinergic innervation.
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia Pulmonary Research Laboratory, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6Z 1Y6. lbaile@prl.pulmonary.ubc.ca
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Baile
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Paré
mesh_terms: D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001980:Bronchi / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000294:innervation*; D012756:Sheep; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase