title: Effects of supplemental vitamin E and canola oil on tissue tocopherol and liver fatty acid profile of finishing swine.
abstract: We conducted a 4 x 3 factorial experiment with finishing pigs for 6 wk to evaluate effects of dietary canola oil and vitamin E on vitamin E status and liver fatty acid profile. Treatments consisted of four supplemental levels of vitamin E (0, 50, 125, and 200 mg/kg) and three of canola oil (0, 5, and 10% of the diet). Serum was collected each week and tissue samples at d 42. Dietary canola oil (P = .02) and vitamin E (P < .001) increased serum alpha-tocopherol. Serum alpha-tocopherol reached a plateau at d 35 of vitamin E and canola oil supplementation. An interaction was observed between canola oil and vitamin E (P = .02) for liver alpha-tocopherol. Liver alpha-tocopherol was greater in pigs fed diets with 10% canola oil and supplemented with 125 or 200 mg/kg of vitamin E than in pigs fed diets with 0 and 5% canola oil. An interaction also occurred between canola oil and vitamin E (P = .01) for alpha-tocopherol in the gluteus medius and obliquus capitis caudalis muscles. A greater magnitude of increase in muscle alpha-tocopherol was observed in pigs fed diets with no canola oil than in pigs fed diets with 5 and 10% canola oil. Highest alpha-tocopherol was in liver, followed by obliquus capitis caudalis and then gluteus medius. Inclusion of 5 or 10% dietary canola oil decreased the amount of saturated fatty acids by 4.1 and 13.5%, increased monounsaturated fatty acids by 10.9 and 39.3%, respectively, and had no effect (P > .10) on total polyunsaturated fatty acids. Canola oil increased linoleic acid [18:2(n-6)] (quadratic, P = .05) and linolenic acid [18:3(n-3)] (linear, P < .001) while decreasing arachidonic acid [20:4(n-6)] and docosadienoic acid (20:2) linearly (P < .001 and P = .02, respectively). Dietary canola oil and vitamin E increased serum and tissue alpha-tocopherol; canola oil increased monounsaturated and decreased saturated fatty acids in liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Soler-Velasquez
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Brendemuhl
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: McDowell
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sheppard
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D014810:Vitamin E