Identification of ATM mutations using extended RT-PCR and restriction endonuclease fingerprinting, and elucidation of the repertoire of A-T mutations in Israel.
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by neurodegeneration, immunodeficiency, cancer predisposition, and radiation sensitivity. The responsible gene, ATM, has an extensive genomic structure and encodes a large transcript with a 9.2 kb open reading frame (ORF). A-T mutations are extremely variable and most of them are private. We streamlined a high throughput protocol for the search for ATM mutations. The entire ATM ORF is amplified in a single RT-PCR step requiring a minimal amount of RNA. The product can serve for numerous nested PCRs in which overlapping portions of the ORF are further amplified and subjected to restriction endonuclease fingerprinting (REF) analysis. Splicing errors are readily detectable during the initial amplification of each portion. Using this protocol, we identified 5 novel A-T mutations and completed the elucidation of the molecular basis of A-T in the Israeli population.
Gilad
S
S
Department of Human Genetics, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
Khosravi
R
R
Harnik
R
R
Ziv
Y
Y
Shkedy
D
D
Galanty
Y
Y
Frydman
M
M
Levi
J
J
Sanal
O
O
Chessa
L
L
Smeets
D
D
Shiloh
Y
Y
Bar-Shira
A
A
D001260:Ataxia Telangiectasia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D009154:Mutation; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C576324:ATM protein, human; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases