title: Letrozole, a new oral aromatase inhibitor for advanced breast cancer: double-blind randomized trial showing a dose effect and improved efficacy and tolerability compared with megestrol acetate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare two doses of letrozole and megestrol acetate (MA) as second-line therapy in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer previously treated with antiestrogens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five hundred fifty-one patients with locally advanced, locoregionally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer were randomly assigned to receive letrozole 2.5 mg (n = 174), letrozole 0.5 mg (n = 188), or MA 160 mg (n = 189) once daily in a double-blind, multicenter trial. Data were analyzed for tumor response and safety variables up to 33 months of follow-up evaluation and for survival up to 45 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Letrozole 2.5 mg produced a significantly higher overall objective response rate (24%) compared with MA (16%; logistic regression, P = .04) or letrozole 0.5 mg (13%; P = .004). Duration of objective response was significantly longer for letrozole 2.5 mg compared with MA (Cox regression, P = .02). Letrozole 2.5 mg was significantly superior to MA and letrozole 0.5 mg in time to treatment failure (P = .04 and P = .002, respectively). For time to progression, letrozole 2.5 mg was superior to letrozole 0.5 mg (P = .02), but not to MA (P = .07). There was a significant dose effect in overall survival in favor of letrozole 2.5 mg (P = .03) compared with letrozole 0.5 mg. Letrozole was significantly better tolerated than MA with respect to serious adverse experiences, discontinuation due to poor tolerability, cardiovascular side effects, and weight gain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data show letrozole 2.5 mg once daily to be more effective and better tolerated than MA in the treatment of postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer previously treated with antiestrogens.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dombernowsky
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Falkson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Panasci
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellmunt
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bezwoda
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gardin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gudgeon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fornasiero
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatschek
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tjabbes
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Chaudri
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hornberger
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Trunet
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077289:Letrozole; D019290:Megestrol Acetate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009570:Nitriles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015996:Survival Rate; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009570:Nitriles; D014230:Triazoles; D000077289:Letrozole; D019290:Megestrol Acetate