title: Chronic exogenous insulin and chronic carbohydrate supplementation increase de novo VLDL triglyceride fatty acid production in rats.
abstract: We have investigated hepatic de novo lipogenesis and the ratio of apoB-48/apoB-100 during chronic carbohydrate supplementation with or without administration of exogenous insulin in rats. Two groups received chronic (2 weeks) carbohydrate supplementation either as 10% glucose or 10% fructose (wt/v) in their drinking water. Two other groups received exogenous insulin chronically, in addition to the monosaccharides above. The insulin was given for 2 weeks as daily human ultralente insulin injections in increasing doses up to 6 units per day. A fifth group of rats (normal control) received only chow and water. The fractional synthetic rate (FSR), the fraction of very low density lipoprotein triglyceride (VLDL-TG) palmitate that was newly made during an 8-h infusion with sodium [1-13C]acetate, was evaluated. The glucose and fructose groups had a 4-fold (0.60%/h) and 7.5-fold (1.13%/h) increase in FSR from baseline, respectively, compared to chow-fed controls (0.15%/h). Chronic exogenous insulin administration resulted in a 11.5 (1.73%/h) and 11.0 (1.65%/h)-fold increase over baseline in the synthesis of newly made VLDL-TG palmitate in the glucose and fructose groups, respectively. The ratio of apoB-48/apoB-100, i.e. apoB-48 enrichment, in VLDL was positively correlated with insulin levels (r = 0.41, P < 0.01) and with FSR (r = 0.39, P < 0.01). The present study shows that carbohydrate supplementation significantly increases the FSR of newly made VLDL-TG palmitate and that this increase is further augmented by chronic hyperinsulinemia.
authors.affiliation: WHO Collaborating Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis in Diabetes and the Department of Medicine, The Toronto Hospital (General Division), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuksis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Steiner
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001835:Body Weight; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D002241:Carbohydrates; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007328:Insulin; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D005632:Fructose; D005947:Glucose