A retrospective single centre study of the outcome of five different therapy approaches in 48 patients with relapse of chronic myelogenous leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
In a retrospective single centre study we examined the outcome of five different therapy approaches in 48 patients in whom a relapse of CML (13 cytogenetic relapses, 35 hematological relapses: 10 chronic phase (CP), nine accelerated phase, 16 blast crisis) occurred after allogeneic BMT. Cyclosporin A (CsA) withdrawal, interferon alpha-2b (IFN-alpha) therapy, donor leukocyte transfusions (DLT), second transplantation (2nd BMT), and chemotherapy (CTX) alone were used and studied for their response rates. Patients who achieved a complete hematologic and cytogenetic remission (CR) were studied for BCR-ABL transcripts and for their chimerism status by PCR. A strong antileukemic effect was observed after abrupt CsA withdrawal, with 10 of 20 patients achieving a CR (50%). All 10 patients with early stage (nine cytogenetic and one CP), but none of the patients with advanced disease recurrence, responded to CsA withdrawal. IFN-alpha induced in five of 11 patients (45%) a stable cytogenetic remission, whereas treatment with DLT induced a CR in only two of 14 patients (14%). A second transplant was performed in six patients. Three of six patients (50%) survive disease-free at a median of 19 months after the 2nd BMT (range 10-25). The use of CTX alone did not induce a remission.
Elmaagacli
A H
AH
Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital of Essen, Germany.
Beelen
D W
DW
Schaefer
U W
UW
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001752:Blast Crisis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019468:Disease Management; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000235:genetics; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015465:Leukemia, Myeloid, Accelerated Phase / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D017708:Leukocyte Transfusion; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012008:Recurrence; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016572:Cyclosporine; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl