title: Therapeutic approach to arteriovenous malformations of the tongue.
abstract: Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are developmental errors with a high complication rate because they are hemodynamically active. The aim of our study is to evaluate management of the rare subgroup of tongue AVM. From 1982 to 1994, 25 patients with AVM of the tongue presented to our department. All patients were discussed in our multidisciplinary staff consultation and were treated by embolization, surgery, or were followed-up clinically with no intervention. Thirteen patients were asymptomatic in a hemodynamically quiescent phase and did not require any kind of intervention. The 12 others underwent embolization procedures following which 6 became stable, 2 had complementary surgery, 1 was lost to follow-up, 1 had two minor bleeding episodes without the need for hospitalization, and 2 were improved. Arteriovenous malformations of the tongue must be followed clinically and treated only if they become active. Permanent embolization with a polymerizing liquid administered through supra-selective catheterization or by direct puncture of the malformation is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Service de Neuroradiologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, F-75 475 Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Slaba
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Herbreteau
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jhaveri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casasco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aymard
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Houdart
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aoun
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Riché
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Enjolras
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Merland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D014059:Tongue / Q000098:blood supply*