title: Alternative promoters regulate transcription of the mouse GATA-2 gene.
abstract: Transcription factor GATA-2 has been shown to be a key regulator in hematopoietic progenitor cells. To elucidate how the expression of the GATA-2 gene is controlled, we isolated the mouse GATA-2 (mGATA-2) gene. Transcription of mGATA-2 mRNAs was found to initiate from two distinct first exons, both of which encode entirely untranslated regions, while the remaining five exons are shared by each of the two divergent mRNAs. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that GATA-2 mRNA initiated at the upstream first exon (IS) in Sca-1+/c-kit+ hematopoietic progenitor cells, whereas mRNA that initiates at the downstream first exon (IG) is expressed in all tissues and cell lines that express GATA-2. While the structure of the IG exon/promoter shows high similarity to those of the Xenopus and human GATA-2 genes, the IS exon/promoter has not been described previously. When we examined the regulation contributing to IS transcription using transient transfection assays, we found that sequences lying between -79 and -61 are critical for the cell type-specific activity of the IS promoter. DNase I footprinting experiments and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated the binding of transcription factors to this region. These data indicate that the proximal 80 base pair region of IS promoter is important for the generation of cell type-specific expression of mGATA-2 from the IS exon.
authors.affiliation: Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Minegishi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suwabe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakauchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D018983:DNA Footprinting; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D005091:Exons; D050989:GATA2 Transcription Factor; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014981:Xenopus; D029867:Xenopus Proteins
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050989:GATA2 Transcription Factor; C494714:GATA2 protein, Xenopus; C494711:GATA2 protein, human; C494712:Gata2 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I