title: Risk factors for developing tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation associated with nightguard vital bleaching.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors in the development of tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation associated with the nightguard vital bleaching technique. The potential risk factors evaluated (sex, age, reported allergy, whitening solution, number of times the solution was changed daily [its usage pattern], and dental arch) were collected from the daily log form turned in by each of the 64 participants after completion of the 6-week lightening process. Also evaluated for each participant, from color slides, were tooth characteristics such as gingival recession, defective restorations, abfraction lesions, enamel-cementum abrasion, etc, and reported side effects. The generalized Mantel-Haenszel statistic was used to assess the association between the potential risk factors and the development of tooth sensitivity and/or gingival irritation. No statistical relationship existed between age, sex, allergy, tooth characteristics, or the dental arch lightened and the development of side effects. Initially, a statistically significant association existed between side effects and the whitening solution used. However, when the analysis was controlled for usage pattern, this relationship disappeared. Patients who changed the whitening solution more than once a day reported statistically significantly more side effects than did those who did not change the whitening solution during their usage time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7450, USA. Leonard.dent1@MHS.UNC.EDU
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.forename: V B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Haywood
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D002648:Child; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005882:Gingival Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009064:Mouth Protectors; D010545:Peroxides / Q000009:adverse effects; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D014508:Urea / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010545:Peroxides; D011145:Polyvinyls; C006912:carboxypolymethylene; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea