title: Sonographic sign of intermittent dilatation of the renal collecting system in 10 patients with vesicoureteral reflux.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Renal sonography is an accepted primary imaging modality for evaluating the pediatric urinary tract. We report a new sonographic finding associated with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients underwent sonographic evaluation of the kidneys and were noted to have intermittent renal collecting system dilatation that expanded and contracted during real-time scanning. These patients were further evaluated with voiding cystourethrography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 10 patients were proven to have VUR on the side of the sonographic abnormality. Four patients had bilateral VUR for a total of 14 refluxing renal units. Of these 14 renal units, 1 was sonographically normal. Five of the 14 renal units had grade V VUR that required surgical reimplantation of the ureter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new finding of intermittent renal collecting system dilatation may become an important predictor of VUR. The finding warrants further evaluation even when detected in patients not suspected of having VUR who are undergoing renal sonography for other reasons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, City Hospital Center at Elmhurst, New York 11373, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yeung
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007685:Kidney Tubules, Collecting / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*