title: [Magnetic resonance imaging of a case of central nervous system tuberculosis with tuberculous arachnoiditis and multiple tuberculomas].
abstract: A 62-year-old woman developed headache, vomiting and fever. On admission to hospital, she showed an imparied level of consciousness, diplopia on left lateral gaze, bilateral hearing loss and left hemiparesis. Cranial contrast computed tomography (CT) revealed basal meningeal enhancement. Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed an increase in cell count (80/mm3) and total protein (3000 mg/dl), and a decrease in glucose (65 mg/dl) in comparison with blood sugar (173 mg/dl). Polymerase chain reaction was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the CSF. She was diagnosed as having tuberculous meningitis and was treated with anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. Her level of consciousness recovered and other clinical signs improved gradually the first month after admission. However, in spite of the combination of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy and steroid therapy, her combination of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy and steroid therapy, her consciousness level worsened again in association with paraplegia at the sixth week after admission and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple tuberculomas, spinal arachnoiditis and spinal cord infarction. On T2-weighted imaging some of the tuberculomas showed a central hyperintense area (a central bright core) with an isointense periphery, which was surrounded by a hyperintense area. The lesion appeared hypointense with an isointense rim on T1-weighted imaging, showing a ring enhancement on post-contrast T1W imaging. The spinal cord infarction was situated at the third thoracic cord, which corresponded to the borderline of spinal artery perfusion. This is a rare case of progression of spinal arachnoiditis and spinal cord infarction during anti-tuberculous chemotherapy, and who had tuberculoma with a central bright core on MRI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Yamaguchi University, School of Medicine.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Negaro
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukusako
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nogaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morimatsu
mesh_terms: D001100:Arachnoiditis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D014375:Tuberculoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014390:Tuberculosis, Meningeal / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA