title: Pessimism in the profile: estimating explanatory style from the MMPI.
abstract: Regression equations are presented for converting the non-K-corrected raw scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) basic scales to an estimated optimism-pessimism score. This score describes an individual's explanatory style on a continuum from optimistic to pessimistic. These equations will enable clinicians and researchers to estimate an optimism-pessimism score if the MMPI item responses are not accessible or if computer scoring facilities for individual items are unavailable.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malinchoc
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Offord
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Colligan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008950:MMPI; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results