title: Cross-clade immune responses after immunization with a whole-killed gp120-depleted human immunodeficiency virus type-1 immunogen in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (HIV-1 immunogen, REMUNE) in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 seropositive subjects.
abstract: Lymphocyte proliferation responses to gp120-depleted HZ321 virus (clade A) antigen were compared to BAL human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virus antigen (clade B) responses, clade E HIV virus antigen responses, and purified native p24 antigen responses in 15 human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) seropositive subjects immunized with a whole-killed inactivated gp120-depleted HIV-1 antigen in Incomplete Freund's adjuvant (HIV-1 immunogen, REMUNE). A significant increase in lymphocyte proliferation to HZ321 antigen was observed after immunization with the HIV-1 immunogen (p = 0.02). A strong association was demonstrated between the HIV-1 immunizing antigen, HZ321, and native p24 antigen responses (r = 0.80, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a strong association in terms of proliferative responses was demonstrated between HZ321 virus (clade A) responses and BAL virus (clade B) (r = 0.95, p < 0.0001) and clade E virus antigen (r = 0.92, p < 0.0001). Proliferative responses to HIV antigens also correlated with baseline CD4 counts. Taken together, these results support the specificity of immune responses induced by REMUNE (HIV-1 immunogen). The development of cross-reactive immune responses between clades and to the more conserved epitopes of the virus have implications in the development of therapeutic and prophylactic HIV vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Immune Response Corporation, Carlsbad, California 92008, USA.
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Giermakowska
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lanza
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Theofan
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Richieri
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Carlo
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002847:Chromatography, Agarose; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000276:immunology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D012588:Scintillation Counting; D014611:Vaccination; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D000939:Epitopes; D015488:HIV Antigens; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant