title: Quantitative autoradiographic mapping of mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors in knockout mice lacking the mu-opioid receptor gene.
abstract: Mice lacking the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) gene have been successfully developed by homologous recombination and these animals show complete loss of analgesic responses to morphine as well as loss of place-preference activity and physical dependence on this opioid. We report here quantitative autoradiographic mapping of opioid receptor subtypes in the brains of wild-type, heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice to demonstrate the deletion of the MOR gene, to investigate the possible existence of any mu-receptor subtypes derived from a different gene and to determine any modification in the expression of other opioid receptors. Mu-, delta-, kappa1- and total kappa-receptors, in adjacent coronal sections in fore- and midbrain and in sagittal sections, were labelled with [3H]DAMGO (D-Ala2-MePhe4-Gly-ol5 enkephalin), [3H]DELTI (D-Ala2 deltorphinI), [3H]CI-977 and [3H]bremazocine (in the presence of DAMGO and DPDPE) respectively. In heterozygous mice, deficient in one copy of the MOR gene, mu-receptors were detectable throughout the brain at about 50% compared to wild-type. In brains from mu-knockout mice there were no detectable mu-receptors in any brain regions and no evidence for mu-receptors derived from another gene. Delta-, kappa1- and total kappa-receptor binding was present in all brain regions in mutant mice where binding was detected in wild-type animals. There were no major quantitative differences in kappa- or delta-binding in mutant mice although there were some small regional decreases. The results indicate only subtle changes in delta- and kappa-receptors throughout the brains of animals deficient in mu-receptors.
authors.affiliation: Receptors and Cellular Regulation Research Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. i.kitchen@surrey.ac.uk
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kitchen
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Slowe
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Matthes
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kieffer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta / Q000032:analysis*; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000032:analysis*; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu