title: Contracture of the deltoid muscle: imaging findings in 17 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A retrospective review of the MR images and radiographs of 26 shoulders in 17 patients suffering from contracture of the deltoid muscle was used to establish the characteristic imaging findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Deltoid muscle contractures in 26 shoulders in 17 patients encountered over a 4-year period are reported. The history of intramuscular injection and clinical symptoms and signs are detailed. Imaging studies including routine radiographs (24 shoulders), MR images (25 shoulders), and computed arthrotomograms (two shoulders) were reviewed. On MR images, the winging angle of the scapula (angle between the axis of the scapular body and the coronal plane of the chest) and the diameter of the lesion were measured and compared with data derived from 24 age-matched control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnostic MR features of deltoid muscle contracture include fibrotic cord in the deltoid muscle, especially its middle portion, extending from the superior acromial surface to the deltoid tuberosity, and winging of the scapula (increased winging angle of the scapula). Characteristic radiographic features include abduction contracture, winging of the scapula, lateral down-sloping of the acromial process, and a superior acromial enthesophyte.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR images are sensitive and accurate in the diagnosis of contracture of the deltoid muscles. Characteristic features also allow accurate routine diagnosis on radiographs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Resnick
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm; D003286:Contracture / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012782:Shoulder