title: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma: long-term survival after therapy with high-dose continuous-infusion interleukin-2.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article undertakes to define the response rate, long-term survival, and toxicity in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC) treated with high-dose continuous intravenous infusion (CIV) recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) with or without lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-three consecutive patients received CIV rIL-2 (18-22 MIU/m2/day on days 1-5, and 6-8 MIU/m2/day on days 10-19) on one of five sequential protocols at the University of Washington between 1988 and 1995. The first 76 patients received LAK cells. The median age was 55 years (range, 32-76 years), and 71% had undergone prior nephrectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine patients achieved a complete response (7.3%) and 14 patients achieved a partial response (11.4%) for an overall response rate of 19% (95% confidence interval, 12%-26%). The median survival was 19 months, and the 5-year survival was 20%. Seven of nine complete responders (78%) remain in continuing complete response at 43+ to 109+ months. Intensive care unit and vasopressor support were required in 42% and 23% of patients, respectively, who received rIL-2 + LAK cells, and in 18% and 4% of those who received rIL-2 alone. There was one treatment-related death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report the largest single-institution experience and the longest survival for patients with MRCC treated with CIV rIL-2. The administration of rIL-2 by CIV is associated with less frequent intensive care unit and vasopressor support than with high-dose intravenous bolus regimens, and hence may enhance the therapeutic index in patients with MRCC.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195-6043, USA.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Markowitz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fefer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D015979:Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated / Q000637:transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2