title: Hematopoietic cytokine-mediated FDG uptake simulates the appearance of diffuse metastatic disease on whole-body PET imaging.
abstract: FDG-PET is increasingly being used to assess malignant tumors. However, leukocyte colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), which promote the expansion of hematopoietic bone marrow, have also been demonstrated to cause increased bone-marrow FDG uptake. Three hundred FDG-PET studies conducted over a 1-year period were reviewed for diffuse bone-marrow uptake. Elevated bone-marrow uptake on PET was correlated with pathological findings and courses of granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF) therapy. These results demonstrate that G-CSF mediated FDG uptake in bone marrow is often indistinguishable from that caused by disseminated metastatic disease. However, the bone-marrow response to G-CSF decreases rapidly following the last CSF administration. Therefore, FDG-PET in patients receiving G-CSF should be delayed, when possible, until 5 days after the end of G-CSF therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Hollinger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alibazoglu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lamonica
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019046:Bone Marrow Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor