Phosphatases and tumorigenesis.
Phosphatases are regulatory enzymes that antagonize the action of kinases within the cell. An understanding of the contribution of kinases to cancer has emerged during the past two decades; however, our understanding of phosphatases in cancer has lagged behind. Currently, three phosphatases have been implicated in the etiology of tumors: protein phosphatase 2A, CDC25A/B, and PTEN (or MMAC1). Protein phosphatase 2A and PTEN behave as tumor suppressors, whereas CDC25A and -B act as oncogenes.
Parsons
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Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D009857:Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins