title: Interleukin-1 beta stimulates mitogen-activated protein kinase in U373 astrocytoma cells without the production of lipid second messengers.
abstract: IL-1 beta is one of the cytokines known to affect astroglial cells in normal brain development, brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases. IL-1 beta causes astrocytes to become more reactive, alter the expression and release of molecules and in some cases to proliferate. We have investigated the mitogenic effect and signal transduction pathway induced by IL-1 beta in U373 cells, a human astrocytoma cell-line. Recombinant human IL-1 beta induced mitogenesis of U373 cells in a dose-dependent fashion as assessed by tritiated thymidine incorporation. The following signal transduction mechanisms, reported to be induced in other systems by IL-1 beta, were investigated in U373 cells: (1) activation of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C as assayed by incorporation of tritiated choline into cellular phospholipids, (2) production of diacylglycerol, a lipid second messenger, (3) activation of sphingomyelinase, and (4) activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Of these, IL-1 beta activated only MAPK. In cultured rat astrocytes, IL-1 beta caused activation of MAPK without inducing proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642, USA. amandip_utal@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Utal
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Stopka
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Coleman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000187:drug effects*; D013108:Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D013108:Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase