title: Production of beta-chemokines in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: evidence that high levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta are associated with a decreased risk of HIV disease progression.
abstract: Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES production were measured by ELISA in whole blood that had been stimulated for 4.5 h with phytohemagglutinin. The blood was from 90 healthy human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative controls and from 245 HIV-infected subjects who were followed for < or = 4.5 years. HIV-infected persons without AIDS had increased levels of MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES (P < .01) compared with levels in controls. Subjects with AIDS, compared with controls, had decreased production levels of MIP-1beta (P < .0001) and similar levels of MIP-1alpha and RANTES. A high level of MIP-1beta production was associated with a decreased risk of progressing to AIDS or death, as determined by univariate analysis (P < .01) and adjusted for CD4 cell count and age (P = .07, P = .06, respectively). The findings suggest that the production level of beta-chemokine changes during HIV infection and that a high level of beta-chemokine production in peripheral blood lymphocytes may be associated with less rapid disease progression in HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Rhima Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ullum
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cozzi Lepri
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Victor
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aladdin
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gerstoft
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Skinhøj
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D016014:Linear Models; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000276:immunology; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins