title: [The clinical importance of bacteremia during tonsillectomy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Post-tonsillectomy bacteraemia is a well recognized aetiological factor in streptococcal endocarditis. Prophylactic penicillin has been recommended to reduce its incidence in susceptible patients undergoing tonsillectomy. Recent studies have shown a change in the microflora and an increase in the number of penicillin-resistant organisms in the tonsils of patients undergoing tonsillectomy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of post-tonsillectomy bacteraemia, identify the associated organisms, and review the suitability of penicillin in prophylactic regimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  102 children were included. Blood culture samples were taken after removal of the first tonsil, which was randomly electrodissected or blunt dissected. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 102 patients included in the study, 41 (40.1%) had positive post-tonsillectomy blood cultures. Haemophilus influenzae was isolated from 23 (56%) of the positive cultures and Streptococcus viridans from 15 (36.5%). Twenty-five percent of H. influenzae and 50% of the viridans group produced beta-lactamase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A beta-lactamase stable antibiotic would be more appropriate than penicillin for prophylaxis during tonsillectomy.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de ORL, Universitario Virgen de Valme, Sevilla.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Soldado
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Esteban
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Solanellas
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flórez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martín
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014068:Tonsillectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
vernacular_title: Importancia clínica de la bacteremia durante la amigdalectomía.