title: Biliary tract complications of side-to-side without T tube versus end-to-end with or without T tube choledochocholedochostomy in liver transplant recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Biliary anastomotic complications remain a major cause of morbidity in liver transplant recipients, ranging between 10% and 50% in large clinical series. An end-to-end choledochocholedochostomy with or without T tube (CDCD EE with T tube and CDCD EE w/o T tube) and a Roux-en Y choledochojejunostomy have been standard methods for biliary drainage.
  
  
  METHODS
  The objectives of this retrospective study were to: (1) evaluate the incidence of biliary tract complications using a new method of side-to-side choledochocholedochostomy without T tube (CDCD SS w/o T tube) and (2) compare the results of CDCD SS w/o T tube with those of CDCD EE with T tube and CDCD EE w/o T tube. From September 1991 through June 1996, 279 orthotopic liver transplants were performed in 268 patients and followed through December 1996 (minimum of 6 months' follow-up). A total of 227 CDCD anastomoses in 220 patients were studied (7 retransplants > 30 days): CDCD EE with T tube (n=124), CDCD EE w/o T tube (n=44), and CDCD SS w/o T tube (n=59).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-nine biliary complications were observed in 220 patients (30%). Anastomotic and/or T-tube leaks were seen in 43 patients (19%), and anastomotic strictures were found in 26 patients (12%). Forty patients (18%) required percutaneous or endoscopic stent placement (6%) or surgical interventions (12%). CDCD EE with T tube had the highest incidence of biliary leak requiring rehospitalization but the lowest anastomotic stricture and intervention rate and the lowest 6-month mortality rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CDCD EE with T tube was superior to CDCD EE or CDCD SS w/o T tube despite the increased number of rehospitalizations. CDCD SS w/o T tube did not offer significant advantages over conventional biliary anastomotic techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University and Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 97201, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rabkin
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Orloff
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Corless
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Benner
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Flora
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Olyaei
mesh_terms: D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic; D002768:Choledochostomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies