CD29 expression on CD4+ gingival lymphocytes supports migration of activated memory T lymphocytes to diseased periodontal tissue.
The cell surface phenotypes of CD+ cells extracted from inflammatory periodontal disease tissues were analyzed using two- and three-color immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Cells extracted from both adult periodontal and localized juvenile periodontitis lesions showed a depressed CD4/CD8 ratio (1.0 +/- 0.1 adult periodontitis and 1.1 +/- 0.1 localized juvenile periodontitis) compared with cells recovered from normal/marginal gingivitis tissue (1.8 +/- 0.2) or with normal peripheral blood cells (2.1 +/- 0.1) or periodontal disease blood cells (2.1 +/- 0.1 and 1.7 +/- 0.1 for adult periodontitis and juvenile periodontitis, respectively). The monoclonal antibodies anti-2H4 and anti-4B4 were used to identify the CD45RA and CD29 antigens respectively on CD4+ T cells from the periodontal disease lesions. In peripheral blood. CD29+ cells accounted for 66-77% of the CD4+ population, and CD45RA+ cells accounted for 22-27% of the CD4+ subset. No differences in expression were found between peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal subjects and from periodontal disease patients. Two-color analyses of lymphocytes from periodontal diseased tissues showed that 87-89% of the CD4+ population were CD29+ and that 70-79% of the CD4+ cells were CD45RA+. Normal tissues contained significantly fewer CD4+CD29+ cells (56 +/- 4%) and CD4+CD45RA+ cells (40 +/- 4%) on average, and few, if any double-labelled cells could be accounted for. These data implied that a significant percentage of the CD4+ cells from the diseased tissues were both CD29+ and CD45RA+ and that these populations are found in quite different proportions in diseased periodontal tissue than in peripheral blood or nondiseased tissue. In further analyses using three-color cytometry the mean percentage of CD4+ CD29+ CD45RA+ lymphocytes extracted from periodontal disease lesions was 43 +/- 9% of the CD4+ population. These results suggest that CD4+ T lymphocytes in periodontal disease not only demonstrate varying levels of maturity but also that the accumulation of CD4+ T cells within the periodontal tissues may be a result of increased adhesion and transendothelial migration.
Seymour
G J
GJ
Department of Immunology, Forsyth Dental Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Taubman
M A
MA
Eastcott
J W
JW
Gemmell
E
E
Smith
D J
DJ
D000328:Adult; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000276:immunology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D010641:Phenotype; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology
D019012:Integrin beta1; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens