title: Muscle length effect on the pendulum test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An investigation of the effect of the length of knee extensor muscles on the pendulum test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive. Statistical analysis utilized analysis of variance with planned comparisons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community clubs and a stroke rehabilitation unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty subjects aged 54 to 83 yrs, more than 6 weeks after stroke, and 31 healthy subjects aged 60 to 79 yrs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two tests: pendulum test and knee extensor muscle length test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both affected and intact legs, stroke subjects had significantly smaller angle of reversal (p < .001), peak angular velocity (p < .001), and maximum passive knee flexion (p < .001) than healthy subjects. When angle of reversal was normalized for passive knee flexion, there were no significant differences between healthy and stroke subjects. There were no significant differences in any variable between the intact and affected legs of the stroke subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Soft tissue changes, rather than hyperreflexia, may explain the decreased angle of reversal and peak angular velocity in the stroke subjects studied.
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Canning
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Shepherd
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee / Q000502:physiology*; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values