Temperature distribution produced by laser irradiation in a ventricle model. The use of airflow in neuroendoscopic surgery.
The changes in intraventricular temperature during potassium titanyl phosphate laser irradiation were investigated using a ventricle configuration model. The laser had an output of 3 to 20 watts in 1 second pulse mode. The model ventricular cavity was filled with still air or saline, or irrigated with air or saline. The laser irradiation in a continuous mode with the output of 15 or 20 watts was also examined under air flow or saline irrigation. In pulse-mode irradiation, the temperature increase was less than 5.0 degrees C under all conditions with the outputs up to 10 watts. With 20 watts pulse irradiation, the temperature increase was within 7 degrees C with air flow, and over 20 degrees C in still air. The later condition occasionally induced a plume of steam resulting in excessive temperature elevation at a remote point. With the continuous irradiation of 15 or 20 watt, the temperature increased by about 4.0 degrees C even under saline irrigation, which required over 30 sec to return to the pre-irradiation level. These results indicate the possible use of pulse mode laser irradiation and air flow endoscopic surgery within the ventricular system. With continuous mode laser irradiation, however, the importance of saline irrigation and proper cooling interval is suggested.
Taniguchi
M
M
Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
Kato
A
A
Yoshimine
T
T
Shimada
N
N
Takimoto
H
H
Hayakawa
T
T
D000392:Air Movements; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009493:Neurosurgery / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010710:Phosphates; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013696:Temperature; D014025:Titanium
D010710:Phosphates; C064806:potassium titanylphosphate; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014025:Titanium