title: Mixed paramyxovirus infection of wild and domestic birds in Israel.
abstract: Five cases of dual isolations of different serotypes of avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) from domestic and wild birds are described: one case of mixed infection by APMV-1 and APMV-4 and four cases of infection by APMV-1 and APMV-2 serotypes. The double infection was proven by consecutive isolations of two viruses from allantoic fluid samples derived from single swabs after their respective treatment by antisera against each suspected virus. The finding of double APMV infection in poultry farms appears to be important for epizootiology and pathogenesis of APMV-caused diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Avian Diseases, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit Dagan, Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shihmanter
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Weisman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manwell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lipkind
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000835:Animals, Wild; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D018109:Avulavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology*; D004372:Ducks / Q000821:virology*; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D007557:Israel; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D019351:Rubulavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014422:Turkeys / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007106:Immune Sera