title: Comparison of extracellular matrix in human osteosarcomas and melanomas growing as xenografts, multicellular spheroids, and monolayer cultures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The composition of extracellular matrix in human xenografts and spheroids were compared with the monolayer cultures from which they originated. Collagen I, fibronectin, acetylglucosamine, and acetylgalactosamine were quantitated in two osteosarcomas and one melanoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using fluorescence microscopy, extracellular matrix constituents in the cellular and extracellular compartment were measured, whereas flow cytometry measured the extracellular matrix constituents bound to the cell surface as well as the total cellular amount including intracellular and surface bound constituents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fluorescence microscopy measurements, demonstrated that the xenografts contained more or equal quantities of the extracellular matrix constituents compared with the spheroids. Flow cytometric measurements of total cellular amounts, showed that cells from xenografts usually contained more or equal amounts as the spheroid cells, which contained less or equal amounts as the monolayer cells. The surface expression of the extracellular matrix constituents increased or there were no significant differences, comparing cells grown as monolayers, spheroids, and xenografts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data shows that multicellular spheroids being an in vitro system of intermediate complexity between monolayer cultures and tumours, contain an extracellular matrix corresponding to some degree to this intermediate position.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gårseth
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hjelstuen
mesh_terms: D000116:Acetylgalactosamine / Q000032:analysis; D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002455:Cell Division; D003094:Collagen / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000473:pathology*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008545:Melanoma / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000473:pathology*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005353:Fibronectins; D003094:Collagen; D000116:Acetylgalactosamine; D000117:Acetylglucosamine