title: Penile circular fasciocutaneous skin flap in 1-stage reconstruction of complex anterior urethral strictures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We review the applications and outcomes of penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty in 66 patients at our institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a circular distal penile skin flap for urethral reconstruction in 66 men with complex urethral strictures. Average stricture length in this series was 9.08 cm. and mean followup was 41 months (range 1 to 7 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The initial overall success rate was 79% (52 of 66 cases). Recurrent stenosis was noted in 7 of the 54 onlay (13%) and 7 of the 12 tubularized repairs (58%). Most recurrent strictures were successfully treated with a single subsequent procedure, including repeat urethroplasty in 5 cases and optical urethrotomy or dilation in 6. Two patients required perineal urethrostomy and 1 awaits further reconstruction. Including subsequent procedures, the overall long-term followup success rate was 95%. Neurovascular lower extremity complications developed in 4 patients after prolonged high lithotomy positioning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a highly effective 1-stage method of reconstructing complex urethral strictures. Onlay repairs appear to be more successful than those involving flap tubularization. Limiting the time that the patient spends in the high lithotomy position appears to prevent neurovascular extremity complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California School of Medicine and San Francisco General Hospital, 94110, USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: McAninch
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Morey
mesh_terms: D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis; D012008:Recurrence; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000601:surgery*