title: Melatonin increases gene expression for antioxidant enzymes in rat brain cortex.
abstract: During the last years several reports have demonstrated that melatonin is a efficient free radical scavenger and general antioxidant. In addition, it has been shown that this neurohormone is able to increase the activity of glutathione peroxidase in rat brain cortex as well as the gene expression for some antioxidant enzymes in the Harderian gland of female Syrian hamster. Also, it is well known that brain cells are particularly exposed to free radicals, with antioxidant enzymes as the major defense mechanism that the brain uses to neutralize reactive oxygen species. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of melatonin on gene expression for antioxidant enzymes in rat brain cortex. Our results clearly demonstrate that exogenously administered melatonin increases the levels of mRNA for glutathione peroxidase, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, and manganese superoxide dismutase in this tissue. These stimulatory effects are observed after both acute and chronic treatment with this hormone, producing in the latter case the more marked increase. We therefore conclude that melatonin exerts an important role in providing indirect protection against free radical injury by stimulating gene expression for antioxidant enzymes. Consequently, melatonin could be considered as a potential therapeutic agent in some age-related neurodegenerative diseases where excessive free radical production has been implicated.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain. kotler@qb.fcen.uba.ar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kotler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Sáinz
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Antolín
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Menéndez-Peláez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012313:RNA / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012313:RNA; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D008550:Melatonin