title: The relationship and influence of anxiety on postoperative pain in the coronary artery bypass graft patient.
abstract: The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship of postoperative anxiety and pain following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, and to determine the effects of level of anxiety, demographic, and other factors on the level of postoperative pain. Pain intensity, sensory pain, and affective pain were measured along with anxiety on postoperative day 2 and day 3 by the McGill Pain Questionnaire Subscales (PPI, PRIS, and PRIA) and State Anxiety Inventory Scale, respectively. A direct relationship of anxiety with pain was found over time with the highest relationship on postoperative day 2 (r = 0.235-0.492, P < 0.001). A significant interaction between time and level of anxiety on affective pain was specific to postoperative day 2 (P < 0.01). Significant differences by level of anxiety and time were reported. Factors of age, gender, marital status, number of previous surgeries, and operation time had no effect on the level of postoperative pain.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA.
authors.forename: F V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barnason
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nieveen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmaderer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000523:psychology*