title: [Screening and treatment of children and adolescents with hypercholesterolemias and dyslipidemias].
abstract: Evidence was provided that atherogenesis develops for several decades before pathological changes are manifested. It may thus be stated, that the "incubation period" of atherosclerotic pathological consequences is very long but it is reduced markedly already from childhood and adolescence in subjects with an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype comprises subjects suffering from one or more, frequently from a combination of several of the following metabolic indicators: hypercholesterolaemia, elevated levels of LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein (a), reduced levels of HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1. The atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype is in 95% conditioned by inborn metabolic errors, i.e. familial hyperlipoproteinaemia and dyslipoproteinaemia. In the population the following are encountered most frequently: combined familial hyperlipidaemia, familial hypertriacylglycerolaemia and familial hypercholesterolaemia. Active screening and treatment of children and adolescents from these affected families is of great importance in primary prevention of atherosclerotic complications in adult age.
authors.affiliation: III. interní klinika 1, LF UK a VFN, Praha.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sobra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D006950:Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*
vernacular_title: Vyhledávání a lécení dĕtí a mladistvých s hypercholesterolémií a s dyslipidémií.