title: Intranasal beclomethasone as an adjunct to treatment of chronic middle ear effusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Following otitis media, 10% to 50% of children develop residual middle ear effusion with concurrent hearing loss and potential cognitive, behavioral, and language impairment. Prophylactic antibiotics and tympanostomy tubes are currently recommended treatments for chronic middle ear effusion.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study of chronic middle ear effusion, we assessed the effectiveness of topical intranasal beclomethasone as an adjunct to prophylactic antibiotic therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one children, aged 3 to 11 years with persistent middle ear effusion greater than 3 months, were randomized into three treatment groups: (1) prophylactic antibiotics; (2) prophylactic antibiotics plus intranasal beclomethasone (336 micrograms/day); and (3) prophylactic antibiotics plus intranasal placebo. Patients were evaluated with aeroallergen skin tests at entry; and tympanogram, otoscopic examination, and symptom questionnaire at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While middle ear pressures, otoscopic examinations, and symptom scores were improved for each treatment group over 12 weeks of therapy, the beclomethasone plus antibiotics group improved all three measures more rapidly than the antibiotics-alone and placebo nasal spray plus antibiotics groups over the first 8 weeks. Only the beclomethasone group significantly improved left (P = .004) and right (P = .01) middle ear pressures over 12 weeks. Resolution of chronic middle ear effusions was more frequent in the beclomethasone group (P < or = .05 at 4 and 8 weeks). No difference in response to nasal steroids was observed between atopic and nonatopic subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that intranasal beclomethasone may be a useful adjunct to prophylactic antibiotic treatment of chronic middle ear effusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergy-Immunology, Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland AFB, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tracy
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Demain
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Goetz
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000208:Acute Disease; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001507:Beclomethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019720:Otoscopes; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001507:Beclomethasone