title: The definition of community integration: perspectives of people with brain injuries.
abstract: Despite considerable attention to community integration and related topics in the past decades, a clear definition of community integration continues to elude researchers and service providers. Common to most discussions of the topic, however, are three ideas: that integration involves relationships with others, independence in one's living situation and activities to fill one's time. The present study sought to expand this conceptualization of community integration by asking people with brain injuries for their own perspectives on community integration. This qualitative study resulted in a definition of community integration consisting of nine indicators: orientation, acceptance, conformity, close and diffuse relationships, living situation, independence, productivity and leisure. These indicators were empirically derived from the text of 116 interviews with people with moderate-severe brain injuries living in the community. Eighteen adults living in supported living programmes were followed for 1 year, to track their evolving definition of integration and the factors they felt were related to integration. The study also showed a general trend toward more positive evaluation over the year, and revealed that positive evaluation was frequently related to meeting new people and freedom from staff supervision. These findings are interpreted in the light of recommendations for community programmes.
authors.affiliation: School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queens's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McColl
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minnes
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shue
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karlovits
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology*; D003159:Community-Institutional Relations; D004526:Efficiency; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005610:Freedom; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009949:Orientation; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012112:Residential Facilities; D012649:Self Concept; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012925:Social Conformity; D012928:Social Desirability; D012931:Social Environment