title: Retinoblastoma and p16 proteins in mammary carcinoma: their relationship to cyclin D1 and histopathological parameters.
abstract: The cell cycle-associated retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and p16 protein were demonstrated using immuno-histochemistry on paraffin sections from 192 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. Abnormal expression of pRb was defined as negative staining and was seen in 17% of tumours. Such abnormal expression was significantly more frequent in tumours with negative oestrogen receptor (ER) status. There was also a trend for tumours which were negative for pRb to be grade III ductal carcinomas. There was no association between p16 staining and any histopathological parameter, though, surprisingly, log-rank analysis showed that strong staining was associated with a poor outcome. There was a significant inverse relationship between pRb and p16 expression and a significant positive association between pRb and cyclin D1. In a Cox multivariate analysis, which included cyclin D1, neither pRb nor p16 was an independent predictor of patient outcome.
authors.affiliation: Hedley Atkins/Imperial Cancer Research Fund Breast Pathology Laboratory, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Dublin
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gillett
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Barnes
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D019938:Cyclin D1