title: Distal hereditary upper limb muscular atrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the clinical, electrophysiological, and genetic characteristics of a family with an unusual form of hereditary motor neuron disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surviving members of a pedigree in which affected members presented with weakness and atrophy of distal musculature in the upper limbs were examined clinically and electrophysiologically, and had genetic testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The disease was autosomal dominantly inherited and manifested as weakness and atrophy of distal musculature in the upper limbs, with minimal involvement of lower limbs, brisk reflexes, minimal sensory findings, and considerable variability in severity among the affected persons. Nerve conduction studies disclosed near normal motor conduction velocity, reduced motor compound action potential amplitude, prolonged distal motor latency, prolonged sensory latency, and normal sensory compound action potential amplitude. Needle electrode examination showed reduced number and increased size of motor unit potentials, but no fibrillations or fasciculations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distal upper limb muscular atrophy is a distinct clinical entity.
authors.affiliation: University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Rajput
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yeung
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016472:Motor Neuron Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000473:pathology; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D010375:Pedigree; D012720:Severity of Illness Index