title: Isolation of a Drosophila homolog of the vertebrate homeobox gene Rx and its possible role in brain and eye development.
abstract: Vertebrate and invertebrate eye development require the activity of several evolutionarily conserved genes. Among these the Pax-6 genes play a major role in the genetic control of eye development. Mutations in Pax-6 genes affect eye development in humans, mice, and Drosophila, and misexpression of Pax-6 genes in Drosophila can induce ectopic eyes. Here we report the identification of a paired-like homeobox gene, DRx, which is also conserved from flies to vertebrates. Highly conserved domains in the Drosophila protein are the octapeptide, the identical homeodomain, the carboxyl-terminal OAR domain, and a newly identified Rx domain. DRx is expressed in the embryo in the procephalic region and in the clypeolabrum from stage 8 on and later in the brain and the central nervous system. Compared with eyeless, the DRx expression in the embryo starts earlier, similar to the pattern in vertebrates, where Rx expression precedes Pax-6 expression. Because the vertebrate Rx genes have a function during brain and eye development, it was proposed that DRx has a similar function. The DRx expression pattern argues for a conserved function at least during brain development, but we could not detect any expression in the embryonic eye primordia or in the larval eye imaginal discs. Therefore DRx could be considered as a homolog of vertebrate Rx genes. The Rx genes might be involved in brain patterning processes and specify eye fields in different phyla.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Allgemeine Genetik (240), Universität Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 70, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eggert
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hauck
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hildebrandt
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Gehring
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Walldorf
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004330:Drosophila / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004627:Embryonic Induction; D005123:Eye / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D005136:Eye Proteins; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D017344:Genes, Insect; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014714:Vertebrates
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C486393:RAX protein, human; C105441:Rax protein, mouse; C111250:Rx protein, Drosophila; C111251:Rx protein, vertebrate; D014157:Transcription Factors