title: Proventil HFA provides bronchodilation comparable to ventolin over 12 weeks of regular use in asthmatics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the bronchodilator effectiveness of albuterol reformulated in the chlorofluorocarbon-free propellant hydrofluoroalkane (HFA)134a (Proventil HFA) to that of Ventolin and HFA placebo over 12 weeks of regular dosing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial of asthmatics requiring inhaled beta-adrenergic bronchodilators for symptom control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment qid with Proventil HFA, Ventolin, or HFA-134a placebo for 12 weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  At weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12, spirometry was performed predose and serially over 6 h after dosing with study drug. Bronchodilator efficacy variables, based on FEV1 response to study drug, were proportion of responders, time to onset of effect, peak percent change, time to peak effect, duration of effect, and area under the curve (AUC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic and baseline characteristics were similar for patients randomized to Proventil HFA (193), Ventolin (186), and HFA-134a placebo (186). No significant differences were found between the Proventil HFA and Ventolin treatment groups for any FEV1 efficacy variable, either predose or during 6 h of serial spirometry, at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12. For all efficacy variables, except time to onset of effect, the Proventil HFA and Ventolin results were significantly greater than placebo. Time to onset of effect for the HFA-134a placebo group is misleading; only 13 patients (7%) were found to be responders in the intent-to-treat database. These efficacy results were found to be consistent across subgroup analyses of inhaled and nasal corticosteroid use, age (18 to 35 and 36 to 66 years), sex, race, weight (<60, 60 to 100, and >100 kg), and baseline FEV1 (< or =55% and >55% predicted). The peak FEV1 effect, duration of FEV1 effect, and AUC for FEV1 were all significantly smaller at weeks 4, 8, and 12 than week 0 for both the Proventil HFA and Ventolin treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Proventil HFA provided bronchodilation comparable to Ventolin and superior effects to HFA-134a placebo over 12 weeks of regular dosing. There was a diminution in bronchodilator response to both Proventil HFA and Ventolin after 4 weeks of use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Bleecker
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Tinkelman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramsdell
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Ekholm
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Klinger
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Colice
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Slade
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000293:Adolescent; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000335:Aerosol Propellants; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001835:Body Weight; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017402:Chlorofluorocarbons; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D044469:Racial Groups; D012074:Remission Induction; D012737:Sex Factors; D013147:Spirometry; D005466:Fluorocarbons
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000335:Aerosol Propellants; D000420:Albuterol; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D017402:Chlorofluorocarbons; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D010919:Placebos; C094049:apaflurane; D005466:Fluorocarbons