title: [The classification and mechanism of the hypnotics].
abstract: The various hypnotics are currently available. Today benzodiazepine (BZ) derivatives are most used, but non-benzodiazepines (non-BZ), are being used. BZs and non-BZs are classified four groups by means of pharmacokinetics, (1) ultra-rapidly elimination hypnotics, (2) rapidly elimination hypnotics, (3) relatively slow elimination hypnotics and (4) slow elimination hypnotics. BZs modulate gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic transmission, and specific receptors exist in the brain. GABA is the most abundant inhibitory neuro-transmitter in the central nervous system. BZs alter sleep by binding receptor-GABA receptor-chloride channel.
authors.affiliation: Omuta City General Hospital.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashizume
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000145:classification* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000145:classification* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D018079:Receptors, GABA / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D018118:Chloride Channels; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D018079:Receptors, GABA; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid