title: Protein kinase C induced changes in erythrocyte Na+/H+ exchange and cytosolic free calcium in humans.
abstract: To investigate the interrelationship between erythrocyte Na+/H+ exchange rate and free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, the effect of the (non)selective protein kinase C inhibitors staurosporine, Ro 31-8220 and CGP 41251 (1 micromol/L) and of the protein kinase C activator phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, 1 micromol/L) was studied in vitro on these variables. PKC depleted erythrocytes were obtained after 24 h PMA down-regulation of the cells and intracellular Ca2+ clamping was obtained using quin-2 AM and fluo-3 AM. PMA increased (P < .05) the erythrocyte Na+/H+ exchange activity and this rise was accompanied by an increase in the free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. When staurosporine and Ro 31-8220 were added to erythrocytes in suspension, a decrease in free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was also found, whereas no significant change was observed after CGP 41251 administration. The Na+/H+ exchange rate was decreased in the 24 h PMA down-regulated erythrocytes as well as in Ca2+-clamped cells. Addition of Ca2+ in a concentration range of 0 to 1 mmol/L in the presence of calcimycin resulted (P < .001) in a stimulation of Na+/H+ exchange by 74%. Calcium increased the Vmax for cellular pHi or external Na+ activation of Na+/H+ exchange, whereas it did not affect the Km for H+(i) or external Na+ activation. However, in PKC down-regulated cells, calcium did not activate the Na+/H+ exchange in erythrocytes and the calpain inhibitor E-64d did not prevent this inactivation. Our data show a concomitant increase in free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and Na+/H+-exchange rate upon protein kinase C activation and a corresponding decrease in both variables upon PKC inhibition, indicating a Ca2+ requirement for protein kinase C activation of Na+/H+ exchange.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cardiovascular Research, University of Leuven (KULeuven), Belgium.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lijnen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Echevaria-Vázquez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fagard
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petrov
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002154:Calpain / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D003600:Cytosol; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D012964:Sodium; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002154:Calpain; D019311:Staurosporine; C059539:midostaurin; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D002118:Calcium