title: Reference range and repeatability of a combined intestinal permeability and function test in clinically healthy Irish setter dogs.
abstract: A reference range was determined for a combined test of differential sugar permeability, using lactulose (L) and rhamnose (R), and intestinal function, using D-xylulose (X) and 3-O-methylglucose (G), in clinically healthy adult Irish setter dogs. Urinary L/R ratios in 48 Irish setters from one to 12 years old varied from 0.03 to 0.18, with a mean (SEM) of 0.10 (0.01); X/G ratios varied from 0.46 to 0.81, with a mean (SEM) of 0.59 (0.01). There were no significant differences between L/R or X/G ratios of dogs of different sex (P > 0.2) or age (P > 0.5), using analysis of covariance. Lactulose/rhamnose ratios of > or = 0.18 and X/G ratios > or = 0.43 were considered normal, defined by the respective mean +/- 2SD. Repeatability was established by performing three permeability and function tests at monthly intervals in twelve of the dogs. Analysis of repeated L/R and X/G ratios by means of linear models procedure revealed no significant differences between measurements made on successive occasions (P > 0.15), confirming the repeatability of this test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Royal Veterinary College, South Mimms, Hertfordshire.
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Garden
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Rutgers
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Batt
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000502:physiology*; D007792:Lactulose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D010539:Permeability; D012015:Reference Standards; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012210:Rhamnose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014996:Xylulose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D007792:Lactulose; D014996:Xylulose; D003847:Deoxyglucose; D012210:Rhamnose