title: An aluminum-induced increase in GFAP is attenuated by some chelators.
abstract: Enhanced expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has been shown to be associated with gliosis, a generic response of the CNS to neural injury. The effects of aluminum (Al) on regional GFAP concentrations were evaluated to determine potential sites of Al-induced neural injury. Rabbits received 20 Al (100 mumol/kg) or sodium lactate injections over 1 month. Frontal cortical GFAP increased (approximately twofold above control) in Al-loaded rabbits; whereas hippocampal and cerebellar GFAP concentrations were not affected. Frontal cortical synaptophysin, neurofilament 68, and myelin basic protein concentrations were then examined in an attempt to determine cell-specific targets of Al neurotoxicity. These proteins were not affected by Al. The ability of chelators to influence brain Al concentrations and the Al effect on GFAP were assessed. Desferrioxamine (DFO) and six 3-hydroxypyridin-4-ones (CPs) were given 12 times, over 1 month, to Al-loaded rabbits. CP24 significantly reduced brain Al. CP93, CP52, and CP24 significantly reduced frontal cortical GFAP. The data suggest an Al-induced gliosis consequent to subtle damage in the frontal cortex and a protective role of some chelators against this CNS injury.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0082, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Yokel
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: O'Callaghan
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D016708:Synaptophysin; D000535:Aluminum