title: Relation between Bcl-2, cell proliferation, and the androgen receptor status in prostate tissue and precursors of prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several recent studies have suggested an important role of the apoptosis suppressing Bcl-2 gene product in prostate cancer progression to an androgen-insensitive disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using double-labeling techniques, we have investigated the nuclear androgen receptor (AR) status and the proliferation-associated MIB-1 antigen immunoprofile of Bcl-2 expressing cell types in benign prostate tissue, and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the peripheral and transition zone of the prostate gland, 77% of cycling (MIB-1 positive) epithelial cells coexpressed the Bcl-2 product and were phenotypically basal cells. Bcl-2 immunoreactive basal cells showed markedly reduced levels of the nuclear AR. In the central zone of the gland, increasing Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was detected in secretory luminal cell types that expressed the nuclear AR at low levels. 22% of HGPIN lesions (47 of 216 cases) overexpressed Bcl-2 in secretory luminal cell types, while most of HGPIN lesions (78%) showed the normal Bcl-2 phenotype restricted to the basal cell layer. No correlation was found between the Bcl-2 status and proliferative activity (P > 0.05). Conversely, markedly reduced levels of nuclear AR were detected in HGPIN overexpressing the Bcl-2 gene product.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present data suggest that Bcl-2 prevents the proliferation compartment from apoptotic cell death. The aberrant expression of the Bcl-2 gene product in subsets of HGPIN is associated with decreasing levels of the nuclear AR and may confer resistance to the androgen-dependent apoptotic cell death in the dysplastic epithelium.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bonkhoff
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fixemer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Remberger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010641:Phenotype; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000378:metabolism; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011944:Receptors, Androgen