title: Sex differences in blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional MRI with primary visual stimulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors evaluated the effect of sex on data derived from activation studies using blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Gradient echo-echo planar imaging was used to measure BOLD signal response in the primary visual cortex in response to binocular photic stimulation in 16 healthy, young subjects (eight women and eight men).
  
  
  RESULTS
  BOLD signal response was 38% lower in women than in men, and much of the difference was lateralized to the right hemisphere.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower BOLD signal response in women may reflect a sex difference in the brain's response to a primary visual stimulation or in the physiology underlying BOLD functional MRI signal changes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Cerebral Blood Flow, Brain Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02178, USA. levin@mclean.harvard.edu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Mendelson
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Mello
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Renshaw
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012737:Sex Factors; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen