title: Enhanced interleukin-10 production in response to Mycobacterium avium products in mononuclear cells from patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
abstract: Patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are susceptible to infections with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). Interleukin (IL)-10 may impair immunity to MAC; therefore, the effect of different MAC preparations on IL-10 production was examined in mononuclear cell cultures from HIV-infected patients. IL-10 levels in cultures for 26 patients were higher than those in 20 control cultures. The highest IL-10 levels were found in cultures from patients with the most advanced HIV disease. Monocytes were the major IL-10 producers, while little IL-10 could be attributed to Th2 lymphocytes. Cultures for patients produced reduced levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and normal levels of IL-12; the production of these cytokines increased after neutralization of IL-10. Circulating IL-10 was higher in HIV-infected patients than in controls, with the highest levels in the AIDS group. Elevated monocyte/macrophage-derived IL-10 production may contribute to the high susceptibility to MAC infection seen in patients with advanced HIV disease.
authors.affiliation: Medical Department A, University of Oslo, and Rikshospitalet, Norway. fredrik.muller@labmed.uio.no
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aukrust
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Haug
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Frøland
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D015269:Mycobacterium avium Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12