title: Deviations in craniofacial morphology in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate evaluated by Jarabak's analysis.
abstract: The study is based on evaluation of X-ray films of the head of 29 boys aged 5 years and 34 males aged about 20 years with complete unilateral cleft of the lip and palate. Deviations in the craniofacial morphology were assessed using the Jarabak's analysis. Most linear dimensions were smaller in both children and adult patients. The exception was the posterior part of the cranial base the length of which was the same as in controls. The anterior part of the cranial base and the mandibular body were significantly shortened only in 5-year-old individuals while the maxillary body was shortened only in adult patients. The anterior facial height was elongated in adult patients. The mandible showed a posterior rotation, the gonial angle was increased in its lower part. The maxilla and mandible were retrusive with impaired vertical--and in adults also sagittal--jaw relations. Both upper and lower incisors showed retroinclination. In 5-year-old patients an anterior crossbite developed, a trend to open bite was evident in adult patients. The upper lip was retrusive while the lower lip was protrusive. Jarabak's method is not sufficient for an accurate analysis of the soft profile in patients with clefts.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drahorádová
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Müllerová
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000473:pathology*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000473:pathology*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D008046:Lip / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000473:pathology; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000473:pathology; D012399:Rotation; D012886:Skull / Q000473:pathology*; D019291:Skull Base / Q000473:pathology; D014716:Vertical Dimension