title: Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting using the right gastroepiploic artery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anastomosis of the left internal thoracic artery to the left anterior descending artery without sternotomy and without cardiopulmonary bypass is a standard approach in minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting. To expand the indications for minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting from one-vessel disease to two-vessel disease, we began to perform anastomosis of the right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA) to the right coronary artery (RCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  From February to November 1996, an RGEA graft was used in 25 of the 100 patients who underwent minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting at our clinic. Eleven of the patients had only RCA disease and 14 had both RCA and left anterior descending artery disease. One of the operations was a redo coronary artery bypass grafting. The RGEA was anastomosed to the RCA through a laparotomy incision and the left internal thoracic artery was anastomosed to the left anterior descending artery through a left anterior thoracotomy. In 5 patients, the RGEA was lengthened by venous grafting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients underwent angiography after operation; 82.6% of the RGEA grafts and all the left internal thoracic artery grafts were functioning well. In three of the four nonvisualized RGEA grafts, the percentage of proximal stenosis of the RCA seen on postoperative angiography was not critical (40%, 50%, and 50%, respectively), allowing significant competitive flow through the native bypassed RCA. The patency of all the RGEA grafts without competitive flow was 95%, with a 95% confidence interval of 75.1% to 99.9%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The indications for minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting could be extended to primary operations in patients with left anterior descending artery and RCA lesions by using both the left internal thoracic artery and the RGEA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Voutilainen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Verkkala
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Järvinen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaarne
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Keto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Voutilainen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mattila
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001158:Arteries / Q000637:transplantation; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009852:Omentum / Q000098:blood supply; D013270:Stomach / Q000098:blood supply; D014654:Vascular Patency