title: An activated protein kinase C alpha gives a differentiation signal for hematopoietic progenitor cells and mimicks macrophage colony-stimulating factor-stimulated signaling events.
abstract: Highly enriched, bipotent, hematopoietic granulocyte macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC) require cytokines for their survival, proliferation, and development. GM-CFC will form neutrophils in the presence of the cytokines stem cell factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, whereas macrophage colony-stimulating factor leads to macrophage formation. Previously, we have shown that the commitment to the macrophage lineage is associated with lipid hydrolysis and translocation of protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha) to the nucleus. Here we have transfected freshly prepared GM-CFC with a constitutively activated form of PKCalpha, namely PKAC, in which the regulatory domain has been truncated. Greater than 95% of the transfected cells showed over a twofold increase in PKCalpha expression with the protein being located primarily within the nucleus. The expression of PKAC caused macrophage development even in the presence of stimuli that normally promote only neutrophilic development. Thus, M-CSF-stimulated translocation of PKCalpha to the nucleus is a signal associated with macrophage development in primary mammalian hematopoietic progenitor cells, and this signal can be mimicked by ectopic PKAC, which is also expressed in the nucleus.
authors.affiliation: Leukaemia Research Fund Cellular Development Unit, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, M60 1QD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Heyworth
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Nicholls
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Spooncer
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Dexter
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Owen-Lynch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wark
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Whetton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003470:Culture Media; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007377:Interleukin-3; D007527:Isoenzymes; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; C496630:Prkca protein, mouse; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha