title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6 in cerebrospinal fluid from children with prolonged febrile seizures. Comparison with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy.
abstract: We investigated the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 beta), and IL-6 as proinflammatory cytokines in CSF to facilitate differentiation between acute encephalitis/encephalopathy and prolonged febrile seizures. We studied 20 children with prolonged febrile seizures and 23 with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy, including 8 with an acellular CSF. TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 in CSF were measured by ELISA. We found that TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 were undetectable in CSF of all children with prolonged febrile seizures and control subjects but that the concentrations of TNF-alpha was elevated in 11, of IL-1 alpha in 6, and of IL-6 in 17 of 23 children with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy. Twenty-two of 23 children with acute encephalitis/encephalopathy had elevated concentrations of one or more cytokine. Elevated concentrations of the CSF proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6, indicate acute encephalitis/encephalopathy rather than febrile seizures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichiyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshitomi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furukawa
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha