title: Hypnotic effect of i.v. thiopentone is enhanced by i.m. administration of either lignocaine or bupivacaine.
abstract: We have compared the hypnotic requirements for i.v. thiopentone alone and in combination with i.m. lignocaine or bupivacaine. Ninety women, ASA I-II, undergoing minor gynaecological surgery were allocated randomly to nine groups of 10 patients to receive thiopentone combined with i.m. lignocaine, bupivacaine or saline, respectively. Thiopentone was administered in bolus doses of 0.5 mg kg-1 every 30 s until loss of response to verbal command. Lignocaine and bupivacaine significantly enhanced the hypnotic effect of thiopentone in a dose-dependent manner. The maximum doses tested (lignocaine 3.0 mg kg-1 and bupivacaine 1.0 mg kg-1) reduced the hypnotic dose of thiopentone by 39% and 48%, respectively. We conclude that if lignocaine or bupivacaine are injected into soft tissue before induction of anaesthesia by thiopentone, the i.v. dose of the latter should be modified accordingly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Rebecca Sieff Government Hospital, Safed, Israel.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tverskoy
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ben-Shlomo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vainshtein
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zohar
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fleyshman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013874:Thiopental / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D013874:Thiopental; D002045:Bupivacaine