title: 'NESTROFT'--an effective screening test for beta thalassemia trait.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of NESTROFT (Naked Eye Single Tube Red Cell Osmotic Fragility Test) as a screening tool for detection of beta thalassemia trait.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Field camps in various parts of Gujarat and Maharashtra States.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2525 subjects were screened. NESTROFT, complete hemogram including red cell indices and calculation of Mentzer's Fraction (MF) and discriminant functions (DF1-4) were done in all subjects. HbA2 was performed in 830 initial subjects to compute sensitivity, specificity and predictive values for various parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NESTROFT (sensitivity 94.4%), as a single screening parameter was superior to any of the other evaluated parameters individually, besides being cost effective. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) < 80 fl followed NESTROFT closely (sensitivity 93.7; p > 0.05). MCV < 75 fl had a significantly (p < 0.001) lower sensitivity (87.3%) in comparison to both of these parameters. In contrast, MF, DF1, DF2, DF3 and DF4 did not meet the requirements of a good screening test with sensitivity values of 66.2%, 54.9%, 47.2%, 64.1% and 55.6%, respectively. NESTROFT in combination with MCV < 80 fl proved 100% sensitive. However, the combination was not cost effective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NESTROFT is a sensitive, cost effective, rapid and reliable screening test for detection of beta thalassemia trait in a population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, L.T.M.M. College, Sion, Mumbai.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manglani
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lokeshwar
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Vani
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mhaskar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009996:Osmotic Fragility; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017086:beta-Thalassemia / Q000517:prevention & control*