title: A 2.9-kilobase noncoding nuclear RNA functions in the establishment of persistent Hz-1 viral infection.
abstract: Differential viral gene expression during both productive and persistent infections of Hz-1 virus in insect cells was elucidated. Despite more than 100 viral transcripts being expressed during productive viral infection, massive viral gene shutoff was observed during viral persistency, leaving the 2.9-kb persistence-associated transcript 1 (PAT1) as the only detectable viral RNA. Persistence-associated gene 1 (pag1), which encodes PAT1, was cloned and found to contain no significant open reading frames. PAT1 is not associated with the cellular translation machinery and is located exclusively in the nucleus. Further experiments showed that PAT1 is functional in the establishment of persistent Hz-1 viral infection in the cells. All the evidence collectively indicates that PAT1 is a novel nuclear transcript of viral origin. Our results showed that although PAT1 and XIST RNA, a mammalian X-inactive specific transcript, are transcribed by different genes, they have interesting similarities.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. mbycchao@ccvax.sinica.edu.tw
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016367:Baculoviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005814:Genes, Viral; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009036:Moths / Q000166:cytology; D005810:Multigene Family; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010442:Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012270:Ribosomes; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000166:cytology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017735:Virus Latency
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; C110720:Pag1 protein, Heliothis zea virus 1; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins