title: Management of subclavian-axillary vein thrombosis: a review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study, by literature review, the management of subclavian-axillary vein thrombosis (SAVT) and to make recommendations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MEDLINE database and cross-referenced articles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Key words subclavian-axillary vein thrombosis, venous thrombosis, Paget-Schroetter syndrome, anticoagulation, and thrombolysis were used to extract articles related to SAVT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Independent extraction of articles by 2 observers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although numerous studies are available in the literature, they vary widely in their patient selection, treatment methods, follow-up and conclusions. As such, the management of patients with SAVT remains controversial.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anticoagulation remains the initial treatment of choice for acute SAVT although there is definitely a role for thrombolysis and surgery in selected cases. Surgical intervention should be reserved for patients in whom there is a specific indication. Since chronic symptoms depend largely on the etiology of the disease, treatment should be tailored to address the causative factors. A multicentre, prospective study is necessary to evaluate the optimum management strategies for patients with SAVT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Wellesley Hospital, University of Toronto, Ont.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Hicken
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Ameli
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001367:Axillary Vein; D006801:Humans; D013350:Subclavian Vein; D017131:Thrombectomy; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants