title: Induction of CYP1A2 activity by carbamazepine in children using the caffeine breath test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Carbamazepine is a known enzyme inducer. The aim of this study was to determine whether carbamazepine induces the metabolism of caffeine in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children due to receive carbamazepine for epilepsy were recruited into the study. The caffeine breath test was carried out prior to the administration of carbamazepine and after a minimum of 2-3 weeks therapy. Five children were studied and they received 200-600 mg carbamazepine daily.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean values of the 2 h cumulative labelled carbon dioxide were 3.47% before and 7.65% during carbamazepine. There was a significant increase in the percentage labelled caffeine exhaled as carbon dioxide during the administration of carbamazepine (Student's paired t-test, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that carbamazepine induces the metabolism of caffeine by the CYP1A2 pathway in the children studied.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pritchard
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Preston
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Choonara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000378:metabolism; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002220:Carbamazepine; D002110:Caffeine; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2