title: Localization of motor-related proteins and associated complexes to active, but not inactive, centromeres.
abstract: Multicentric chromosomes are often found in tumor cells and certain cell lines. How they are generated is not fully understood, though their stability suggests that they are non-functional during chromosome segregation. Growing evidence has implicated microtubule motor proteins in attachment of chromosomes to the mitotic spindle and in chromosome movement. To better understand the molecular basis for the inactivity of centromeres associated with secondary constrictions, we have tested these structures by immunofluorescence microscopy for the presence of motor complexes and associated proteins. We find strong immunoreactivity at the active, but not inactive, centromeres of prometaphase multicentric chromosomes using antibodies to the cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chains, three components of the dynactin complex (dynamitin, Arp1 and p150 Glued ), the kinesin-related proteins CENP-E and MCAK and the proposed structural and checkpoint proteins HZW10, CENP-F and Mad2p. These results offer new insight into the assembly and composition of both primary and secondary constrictions and provide a molecular basis for the apparent inactivity of the latter during chromosome segregation.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Group, Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research, Shrewsbury, MA 01545, USA.
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Faulkner
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vig
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Echeverri
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wordeman
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Vallee
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002503:Centromere / Q000737:chemistry*; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000032:analysis; D000072159:Dynactin Complex; D004398:Dyneins / Q000032:analysis*; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D016547:Kinesins / Q000032:analysis; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D008868:Microtubule Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; C000606360:DCTN1 protein, human; C000606361:DCTN2 protein, human; D000072159:Dynactin Complex; C091489:KIF2C protein, human; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D008868:Microtubule Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C068688:centromere protein E; C094772:centromere protein F; D004398:Dyneins; D016547:Kinesins