title: Beneficial effects of leukocyte depletion of transfused blood on postoperative complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leukocytes in transfused blood are associated with several posttransfusion immunomodulatory effects. Although leukocytes play an important role in reperfusion injury, the contribution of leukocytes in transfused blood products has not been investigated. To estimate the role and the timing of leukocyte filtration of red cells in cardiac surgery, we performed a randomized study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients scheduled for cardiac surgery were randomly allocated to receive either packed cells without buffy coat (PC, n = 306), fresh-filtered units (FF, n = 305), or stored-filtered units (SF, n = 303) when transfusion was indicated. We evaluated the periods of hospitalization and stay at the intensive care unit, and the occurrences of postoperative complications up to 60 days after surgery. The average hospital stay was 10.7 days, of which 3.2 days were in the intensive care unit, without significant differences between the groups. In the PC trial arm, 23.0% of the patients had infections versus 16.9% and 17.9% of the patients in the leukocyte-depleted trial arms (P=.13). Within 60 days, 45 patients had died, 24 patients in the PC trial arm (7.8%), versus 11 (3.6%) and 10 (3.3%) patients in the FF and SF trial arms, respectively (P=.015).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In cardiac surgery patients, especially when more than three blood transfusions are required, leukocyte depletion by filtration results in a significant reduction of the postoperative mortality that can only partially be explained by the higher incidence of postoperative infections in the PC group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunohematology and Blood Bank, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: van de Watering
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hermans
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Houbiers
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: van den Broek
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bouter
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boer
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Huysmans
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brand
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000401:mortality; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000379:methods*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D005374:Filtration; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D007962:Leukocytes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens