title: Type 1 diabetes mellitus and Down's syndrome: prevalence, management and diabetic complications.
abstract: Type 1 insulin-dependent, diabetes mellitus (Type 1 DM) is thought to be more prevalent in individuals with Down's syndrome. To ascertain the local prevalence of Type 1 DM in patients with Down's syndrome in a geographically defined area, the four diabetes clinics in Lothian were surveyed and 13 patients with Down's syndrome and Type 1 DM were identified. Using data from previous epidemiological surveys which determined the prevalence of Down's syndrome in the general population, the prevalence rate of Type 1 DM in patients with Down's syndrome was calculated to be between 1.4 and 10.6%, a prevalence considerably higher than in the general population. Although 7 (54%) of the Down's syndrome patients were treated with once daily administration of insulin, the mean HbA1c value of the group was similar to that observed in a control group of 39 age-, sex- and duration-matched Type 1 patients, all of whom were taking two or more injections of insulin daily. Glycaemic control was therefore of similar quality to matched Type 1 patients without Down's syndrome, despite the frequent use of simple insulin regimens, which may relate to the more stable lifestyle of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Trust, UK.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Frier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides