title: Effect of filtration and storage of platelet concentrates on the production of the chemotaxins C5a, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and leukotriene B4.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The production in platelet concentrates (PCs) of C3 activation products (C3bc), terminal complement complex (TCC), and chemotaxins C5a, interleukin (IL)-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and the proposed reduction in concentration of the chemotaxins by white cell reduction were examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples were collected from supernatants of PCs produced by apheresis (apheresis PCs) or from buffy coats (BC PCs) immediately after the production, after white cell-reduction filtration on Day 1, and after 5-day storage, and examined by enzyme immunoassays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complement was activated in all PCs during storage, and the concentration of activation products was not influenced by prestorage filtration. In prestorage white cell-reduced BC PCs, only C3bc levels increased. Levels of IL-8, TNFalpha, and LTB4 increased during storage of apheresis PCs, but not in filtered units, except for LTB4. In contrast, levels of IL-8 decreased after storage of filtered BC PCs. C5a correlated significantly with IL-8, which also correlated with TNFalpha and LTB4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both C5a and TNFalpha generation in apheresis PCs seem to induce white cell IL-8 production, which mediates cellular LTB4 release. Prestorage white cell reduction is recommended for reducing chemotactic cytokine and leukotriene levels in all PCs. Production of BC PCs is recommended to achieve less complement activation, which is not affected by filtration.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hetland
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Mollnes
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bergh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Høgåsen
authors.forename: U E
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Bergerud
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Solheim
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000737:chemistry*; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D003167:Complement Activation; D015936:Complement C5a / Q000032:analysis*; D005374:Filtration; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood*; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000097:blood*; D015539:Platelet Activation; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D015936:Complement C5a