title: Effects of boldine on mouse diaphragm and sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles isolated from skeletal muscle.
abstract: The effects of boldine [(S)-2,9-dihydroxy-1,10-dimethoxyaporphine], a major alkaloid in the leaves and bark of boldo (Peumus boldus Mol.), on skeletal muscle were studied using mouse diaphragm and isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane vesicles. Boldine, at 10-200 microM, has little effect on the muscle-evoked twitches; however, the ryanodine-induced contracture was potentiated dose-dependently. At higher concentrations of 300 microM, boldine by itself induced muscle contracture of two phases, which were caused by the influx of extracellular Ca2+ and induction of Ca2+ release from the internal Ca2+ storage site, the sarcoplasmic reticulum, respectively. When tested with isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane vesicles, boldine dose-dependently induced Ca2+ release from actively loaded sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles isolated from skeletal muscle of rabbit or rat which was inhibited by ruthenium red, suggesting that the release was through the Ca2+ release channel, also known as the ryanodine receptor. Boldine also dose-dependently increased apparent [3H]-ryanodine binding with the EC50 value of 50 microM. In conclusion, we have shown that boldine could sensitize the ryanodine receptor and induce Ca2+ release from the internal Ca2+ storage site of skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, R.O.C.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Y W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001060:Aporphines / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D017136:Ion Transport; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000378:metabolism; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001060:Aporphines; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; D012433:Ryanodine; C011686:boldine; D002118:Calcium