title: Quinine reduces the dynamic range of the human auditory system.
abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate and quantify quinine-induced changes in the human auditory dynamic range, as a model for cochlear hearing loss. Six otologically normal volunteers (21-40 years old) received quinine hydrochloride (15 mg/kg body weight) in two identical oral doses and one intravenous infusion. Refined hearing tests were performed monaurally at threshold, at moderate hearing levels and at high hearing levels. Quinine induced a maximal pure-tone threshold shift of 23 dB (1000-2000 Hz). The increase in the psychoacoustical click threshold agreed with an increase in the detection threshold of click-evoked otoacoustic emissions. The change in the stimulus-response relationship of the emissions reflected recruitment. The self-attained most comfortable speech level and the acoustic stapedius reflex thresholds were not affected by quinine administration. Quinine is a useful model substance for reversibly inducing complete loudness recruitment in humans as it acts specifically on some parts of the hearing function. Its mechanism of action on the molecular level is likely to reveal further information on the physiology of hearing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Audiology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden. Erik.Berninger@aud.hs.sll.se
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berninger
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alván
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000633:toxicity*; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000187:drug effects; D003051:Cochlea / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D012001:Hyperacusis; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000187:drug effects; D010898:Pitch Perception / Q000187:drug effects*; D011571:Psychoacoustics; D011803:Quinine / Q000633:toxicity*; D012022:Reflex, Acoustic / Q000187:drug effects; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D011803:Quinine