title: Effects of 0.5% apraclonidine on optic nerve head and peripapillary retinal blood flow.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of 0.5% apraclonidine on optic nerve head (ONH) and peripapillary retinal blood flow by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (SLDF).
  
  
  METHODS
  ONH and peripapillary retinal blood flow of 17 healthy subjects were measured by SLDF before and 1 hour and 3 hours after unilateral administration of 0.5% apraclonidine. The fellow eyes were treated with balanced salt solution and the examiners were masked as to which eye was treated with apraclonidine. On each occasion, three scans were obtained and haemodynamic variables (volume, flow, and velocity) were analysed at eight locations, four in the neural rim and four in the peripapillary retina, avoiding ophthalmoscopically visible vessels. The statistical significance of changes from the baseline value of variables and the differences in the measured quantities between apraclonidine treated eyes and fellow eyes at each time point were evaluated using Wilcoxon signed rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intraocular pressure was reduced significantly in apraclonidine treated eyes by 15.0% (p = 0.001) at 1 hour and 30.0% (p = 0.000) at 3 hours after administration. In the volume, flow, or velocity of ONH and peripapillary retinal blood flow, there were no significant changes from the baseline values at 1 hour and 3 hours after apraclonidine administration in either apraclonidine treated eyes (p > 0.4) or fellow eyes (p > 0.2). Also, no significant differences were found in the measured quantities between apraclonidine treated eyes and fellow eyes at each time point (p > 0.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single dose of topical apraclonidine 0.5% in healthy subjects does not have adverse effects on the ONH and peripapillary retinal blood flow.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Korea.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D003000:Clonidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000098:blood supply*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; C016986:apraclonidine; D003000:Clonidine