title: Pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease without dissemination in HIV-infected patients.
abstract: Pulmonary disease due to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) without evidence of dissemination is uncommon in HIV-infected patients. Five cases were observed over a 2-year period. All patients had AIDS and the median CD4 cell count at the time of presentation was 90 x 10(6)/L. Radiographic patterns included unilobar alveolar infiltrates or diffuse alveolar densities. All patients had a favorable clinical response to antimycobacterial chemotherapy with a median follow-up period of 10 months. MAC should be considered in HIV-infected patients with positive respiratory samples for acid-fast bacilli and pulmonary infiltrates. Patients with such findings in whom presumptive therapy for tuberculosis has failed should receive broad-spectrum antimycobacterial chemotherapy until final identification is available.
authors.affiliation: Clinique des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hocqueloux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lesprit
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de La Blanchardiere
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zagdanski
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Decazes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Modai
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017828:Rifabutin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D017828:Rifabutin; D004977:Ethambutol; D017291:Clarithromycin