title: Hypocapnia associated with cardiac stress scintigraphy in chest pain patients with panic disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with recurrent chest pain but no evidence of coronary artery disease often meet diagnostic criteria for panic disorder (PD). However, it can be argued that the phenomenological diagnosis of PD may not be valid in these normal coronary chest pain (NCCP) patients. The purpose of this study is to additionally validate the diagnosis of PD in chest pain patients by comparing PCO2 levels before and during myocardial stress scintigraphy in those with and without PD.
  
  
  METHODS
  End-tidal PCO2 was measured before and during myocardial stress scintigraphy in 22 patients being evaluated for chest pain. Psychiatric diagnoses were assessed by structured interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven of the 19 patients (58%) with negative scintigrams met DSM-III-R diagnostic criteria for current panic disorder. Prestress PCO2 levels were significantly lower in these patients. Eight of the nine NCCP patients with prestress PCO2 < 34 mm Hg had PD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding of stress-related hypocapnia associated with PD in NCCP patients provides additional support for the validity of the diagnosis of PD in this population. The potential value of PCO2 measurements in screening for PD in patients with chest pain merits additional study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento 95817, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Maddock
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tavano-Hall
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Amsterdam
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood*; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010555:Personality Inventory; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes
chemical_list: D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi