title: Otologic manifestations of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if haploinsufficiency for chromosome 4p16.3 in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is associated with cochlear hearing loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients with WHS were identified through a database and charts were retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Presence of sensorineural hearing loss as assessed by brainstem auditory evoked response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One of the 6 patients had sensorineural hearing loss. Three of the 6 patients had chronic otitis media with effusion and underwent bilateral tympanostomy tube placement; 2 of these 3 had cleft lip and palate, and 1 had a bifid uvula. One of the 6 patients had spontaneous nystagmus. Five of the 6 patients had preauricular and/or auricular abnormalities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than 25 genes for nonsyndromic hereditary hearing impairment have been mapped. One of these genes, DFNA6, was identified through linkage analysis of a family with dominant, progressive, low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. DFNA6 maps to chromosome 4p16.3, a region that is partially deleted in patients with WHS. In our series, we identified the second patient with WHS in the literature with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The incidence and type of otologic findings are consistent with those reported in the literature. Analysis of patients with chromosomal rearrangements represents one strategy toward identifying candidate genes for genetic hearing impairment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lesperance
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Grundfast
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
mesh_terms: D001300:Audiometry, Evoked Response; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D008297:Male; D013577:Syndrome