title: Staphylococcal septic arthritis: antibiotic and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in a rabbit model.
abstract: This study evaluated the effects of combining antibiotic therapy with the application of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug on the degradation of articular cartilage for an animal model of Staphylococcal septic arthritis. Rabbits were infected intra-articularly with Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic treatment started 18 hours after infection and continued for 7 days. Treatment with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug naproxen sodium started 24 hours before infection and continued for either 3 or 7 weeks. The cartilage matrix of uninfected and infected knees was quantified by analysis of glycosaminoglycan and collagen content. Three weeks after infection, the combined treatment of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and antibiotics reduced the loss of glycosaminoglycan and collagen from the cartilage of the infected knee by 15 and 30%, respectively, compared with antibiotic treatment alone. Continuing treatment with naproxen sodium for 7 weeks reduced the loss of collagen by 50% when compared with antibiotic treatment alone. The longer period of treatment with naproxen sodium showed little further effect on the loss of glycosaminoglycan than that observed for the 3-week treatment. Treatment with this drug and antibiotics reduced swelling of the knee and levels of prostaglandin E2 in the synovial fluid. The data support the hypothesis that decreasing post-infectious inflammation by adding the drug to a standard antibiotic regimen reduces cartilage damage from Staphylococcal septic arthritis.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Stanford University Medical Center, CA 94305-5341, USA.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kajiyama
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Schurman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D007719:Knee Joint; D009288:Naproxen / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013585:Synovitis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002511:Cephalosporins; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D009288:Naproxen; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D015232:Dinoprostone; D006909:Hydroxyproline