title: Prospective investigation of positron emission tomography in lung nodules.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) are commonly identified by chest radiographs and computed tomography (CT). Biopsies are often performed to evaluate the nodules further. An accurate, noninvasive diagnostic test could avoid the morbidity and costs of invasive tissue sampling. We evaluated the ability of fluorine-18 deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) to discriminate between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in a prospective, multicenter trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine patients who had newly identified indeterminate SPNs on chest radiographs and CT were evaluated with FDG-PET. PET data were analyzed semiquantitatively by calculating standardized uptake values (SUVs) as an index of FDG accumulation and also by a visual scoring method. PET results were compared with pathology results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty SPNs were malignant and 29 were benign. Using SUV data, PET had an overall sensitivity and specificity for detection of malignant nodules of 92% and 90%. Visual analysis provided a slightly higher, but not statistically significant, sensitivity of 98% and lower specificity of 69%. For SPNs < or = 1.5 cm (34 of 89), the sensitivity and specificity of SUV and visual analysis were 80% and 95% and 100% and 74%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FDG-PET can accurately characterize indeterminate SPNs. PET imaging provides a noninvasive method to evaluate indeterminate SPNs, which can reduce the need for invasive tissue biopsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, St Louis University Health Sciences Center, MO 63110-0250, USA. lowe@nucmed.slu.edu
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gobar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kirchner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hubner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Delbeke
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Heiberg
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Patz
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Coleman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18