title: The induction effect of rifampicin on activity of mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylase related to M1 mutation of CYP2C19 and gene dose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the induction effect of rifampicin on the activity of 4'-hydroxylase in poor metabolizers (PMs) with m1 mutation of S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation and the relationship of the effect with gene dose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven extensive metabolizers (EMs) of S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation and five PMs with m1 mutation were chosen to take rifampicin 300 mg day(-1) orally for 22 days. Prior to and after rifampicin treatment, each subject was given racemic mephenytoin 100 mg. The 4'-hydroxymephenytoin (4'-OH-MP) excreted in the 0-24 h urine and mephenytoin S/R ratio in the 0-8 h urine were determined by h.p.l.c. and GC, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all EMs, the excretion of 4'-OH-MP in the 0-24 h urine was increased by 146.4 +/- 17.9%, 0-8 h urinary mephenytoin S/R ratio was decreased by 77.3 +/- 8.8%, the percentage increase in the 0-24 h excretion of 4'-OH-MP in those CYP2C19 homozygous (wt/wt) was greater than that in those heterozygous (wt/m1 and wt/m2) (203.9 +/- 42.5% vs 69.6 +/- 4.1%). 0-8 h urinary mephenytoin S/R ratio of those PMs with m1 mutation was decreased by 9.6%, the amount of 4'-OH-MP excreted in the 0-24 h urine was increased by 80.1 +/- 48.0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The activity of 4'-hydroxylase of PMs with m1 mutation of S-mephenytoin 4'-hydroxylation can be induced by rifampicin and the inducing effect of rifampicin on 4'-hydroxylase is gene dependent.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Hunan Medical University, Changsha, PR China.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006900:Hydroxylation; D008297:Male; D008617:Mephenytoin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; C025687:4-hydroxymephenytoin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C045793:CYP2C19 protein, human; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D008617:Mephenytoin; D012293:Rifampin