title: Effects of alpha- and beta-galactosylated C2-ceramides on the immune system.
abstract: In contrast to the immunosuppressive effects of C2-ceramide (C2-Cer), alpha-galactosylceramides with ceramides having more than 10 carbons in fatty acid chains have immunostimulatory activities. We therefore synthesized alpha- and beta-galactosylated C2-Cers in order to examine their effects on the immune system. beta-Galactosylated C2-Cer and C2-Cer suppressed the allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR) responses, but alpha-galactosylated C2-Cer stimulated the MLR response.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Kirin Brewery Company, Ltd., Gunma, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Natori
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uchimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Motoki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koezuka
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005697:Galactosides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D005697:Galactosides; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; C064769:N-acetylsphingosine; D013110:Sphingosine