title: Alpha1-antitrypsin alleles and phenotypes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies suggest an imbalance of protease activation and inhibition in inflammatory bowel disease. Alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT), one protease inhibitor of paramount importance, exists in numerous subtypes, some of them representing deficient phenotypes. The present study evaluated the prevalence of AAT-alleles and phenotypes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population comprised 74 patients with Crohn's disease and 61 patients with ulcerative colitis. Isoelectric focusing was used for AAT subtyping. The prevalence of AAT alleles and phenotypes was compared with the frequency in 752 healthy unrelated controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rare phenotype M2F was detected in one patient with ulcerative colitis. No further significant differences in the distribution of AAT alleles or phenotypes between patients with inflammatory bowel disease and the healthy controls were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The low prevalence of deficient AAT subtypes does not point towards a contribution of AAT deficiency in the pathophysiology of IBD.
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic, Klinikum Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilian University, and Medical-Immunologic Laboratory, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Folwaczny
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Noehl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Loeschke
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fricke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000201:enzymology*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D019896:alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*