title: Potential pitfalls in the work-up and diagnosis of choanal atresia.
abstract: To increase an awareness of the developmental anatomy of the nasal cavity as it applies to the radiologic work-up of choanal atresia and frontoethmoidal cephaloceles, we report two cases that demonstrate potentially serious imaging pitfalls. Two neonates with nasopharyngeal obstruction were imaged with CT and MR. Both patients had surgically proved bilateral bony choanal atresia. In addition to choanal atresia, CT showed a radiolucent, or nonossified cribriform plate and mucoid secretions within the nasal fossa, adjacent to the cribriform plate, which approximated the attenuation of brain parenchyma. In one of the patients, a preoperative diagnosis of nasopharyngeal encephalocele resulted in surgical exploration. At surgery, however, the cartilaginous cribriform plate was found to be intact.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroradiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Ariz, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dungan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fram
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Rekate
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Beals
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Raines
mesh_terms: D002754:Choanal Atresia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004677:Encephalocele / Q000175:diagnosis; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000473:pathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed