title: Resilience among black urban youth. Prevalence, intervention effects, and mechanisms of influence.
abstract: Prospective and longitudinal data were used to investigate scholastic and social resilience in 1,170 low-income black 12-year-olds. One-fifth were found to be scholastically resilient, almost two-fifths socially resilient, and one-quarter were both. Participation in extended childhood intervention was significantly associated with both resilience outcomes, while academic achievement in third-grade and parent expectations of educational attainment consistently predicted resilience and were major mediators of the effects of intervention and of risk status.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Reynolds
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001741:Black or African American / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002641:Chicago / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000453:epidemiology; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D011203:Poverty / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012951:Socialization; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*