title: Amphotericin B use in a community hospital, with special emphasis on side effects.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze the usage of amphotericin B desoxycholate in a small community hospital, with special emphasis on its side effects and need for premedication. We performed a retrospective chart review for patients who received intravenous amphotericin B from January 1993 to May 1996. Temperature elevation, clinical symptoms during infusion, need for premedication, and fluctuations in serum potassium and creatinine values were especially noted. Statistical analysis showed that toxicity indicated by laboratory values (laboratory toxicity) increased with increasing amphotericin B dose, but clinical side-effects decreased with advancing age. Clinical side effects were not associated with total amphotericin B dosage; laboratory toxicity in our study was not more prevalent in elderly patients. The main finding of this study was that most patients tolerate amphotericin B well and only 23% of patients needed premedication. Our fungal cure rate was 83%. New, expensive preparations of amphotericin B should be reserved for the small subset of patients who either are intolerant of amphotericin B desoxycholate or need high doses for systemic fungal infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Straub Clinic and Hospital, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pathak
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Pien
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006764:Hospitals, Community; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000666:Amphotericin B