title: Is lidocaine infiltration during femoral sheath removal really necessary?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of intravenous morphine sulfate to intravenous morphine sulfate plus 1% lidocaine infiltration in pain management associated with femoral sheath removal, and to evaluate pain intensity and associated complications during femoral sheath removal in patients with heart disease receiving interventional treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive, correlational, case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mid-metropolitan, university-affiliated, tertiary care medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients with heart disease, who had no known allergies to morphine or lidocaine and who had not had an acute myocardial infarction, admitted to the cardiovascular intervention unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vertical visual analogue scale, short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and demographic tool for complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in pain intensity, sensation, affect, and total scores were found between the analgesic regimens. Six (12%) patients had vasovagal reactions develop, but no statistical differences were found between pain intensity scores and associated complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Morphine sulfate does appear effective in controlling pain associated with femoral sheath removal. The benefit of lidocaine infiltration during this procedure is questionable.
authors.affiliation: Baptist Health System, Montclair, Birmingham, Ala, USA.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wadas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009020:Morphine; D008012:Lidocaine