title: Dose distribution for a 32P-impregnated coronary stent: comparison of theoretical calculations and measurements with radiochromic film.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Restenosis, caused by proliferation of smooth-muscle cells, limits the efficacy of catheter-based revascularization of coronary arteries. Irradiation has been shown to inhibit growth of smooth-muscle cells in vitro and to prevent restenosis in animal models following stent placement. An intraarterial source of 32P, a pure beta emitter with a half-life of 14.28 days and a 90% range in water of 3.6 mm, is almost ideal for irradiating just arterial wall without exposing any other part of the patient's heart or any other organs, while posing minimal hazards to medical personnel. Two types of previously developed coronary stent impregnated with 32P were investigated. This study aimed to calculate and measure the dose outside of two types of 32P-impregnated beta-emitting coronary stents under conditions closely simulating clinical use.
  
  
  METHODS
  The dose distributions in water surrounding these stents were calculated using a convolution method and measured by exposing radiochromic film in a solid-water phantom.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Experimental results were in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiochromic dosimetry can be used to measure the dose distribution around a beta-emitting intraarterial stent at distances as small as 0.1 mm from the stent surface. A simple cylindrical shell model is adequate for calculating the dose at points farther than 0.5 mm from the stent surface.
authors.affiliation: Center for Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-5671, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Duggan
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Coffey
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Levit
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D002455:Cell Division / Q000528:radiation effects; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000628:therapy; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011874:Radiometry; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012008:Recurrence; D015607:Stents; D014962:X-Ray Film
chemical_list: D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes