title: Enteral nutrition for patients with cystic fibrosis: comparison of a semi-elemental and nonelemental formula.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether differences in tolerance and absorption of fat and nitrogen exist between a semi-elemental nutritional formula without enzyme replacement and a nonelemental formula with enzyme replacement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients (eight girls and eight boys) with cystic fibrosis, 4 to 20 years of age (12+/-1.3, mean +/- SEM), who were pancreatic insufficient completed two 6-day regimens of nocturnal continuous enteral feedings offered in random order. Forty-four percent of the total daily energy was consumed as enteral tube feedings, and the remaining oral dietary intake remained constant throughout the study. Seventy-two-hour fecal collections from each study period were analyzed for total fat, long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), and nitrogen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fat absorption was 80.2%+/-2.9% and 82.3%+/-3.1% (p = 0.58) for the semi-elemental and nonelemental formulas, respectively. Similarly, the coefficient of absorption of LCFAs was 69.5%+/-4.5% and 79.6%+/-3.4% (p = 0.30) for the semi-elemental and nonelemental formulas. Malabsorption of MCFAs contributed minimally to total fat malabsorption. There was no difference between formulas for MCFA or for nitrogen absorption, 83.7%+/-1.9% and 87.4%+/-1.4%, p = 0.48. All patients tolerated all feedings, and weight gained was 1.8+/-0.3 kg with no difference in weight gain between the trials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A nonelemental formula, with enzyme replacement, is absorbed as well as a predigested formula in patients with CF who are pancreatic insufficient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine and The Children's Hospital, Denver, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Erskine
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Lingard
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Sontag
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Accurso
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000628:therapy*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D005526:Food, Formulated; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D009584:Nitrogen