title: Lymphedema as a postulated cause of cutis verticis gyrata in Turner syndrome.
abstract: Unusual skin lesions were present at birth in four infants with Turner syndrome. The skin changes in these patients appear to have resulted either from in utero entrapment or pinching of edematous skin or from redundant skin remaining after in utero resolution of lymphedema. Distention by lymphedema is thought to cause several of the phenotypic characteristics seen in patients with Turner syndrome, including nuchal webbing and nail changes. In three of these patients the clinical appearance of the skin changes was similar to cutis verticis gyrata, marked by fixed thickened plaques in folds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Ramos Mejía Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Larralde
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Torrado
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Fernhoff
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Santos Muñoz
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Spraker
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Sybert
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008209:Lymphedema / Q000150:complications*; D012535:Scalp / Q000002:abnormalities*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000150:complications*