Reactivity of a new HIV-1 group O third generation A-HIV-1/-2 assay with an unusual HIV-1 seroconversion panel and HIV-1 group O/group M subtyped samples.
It was shown previously that about 97% of the anti-HIV-1 group O strain-positive samples were detected by crossreaction with native HIV-1 gp160 (Van Binsbergen et al., Evaluation of a new third generation anti-HIV-1/anti-HIV-2 assay with increased sensitivity for HIV-1 group O, J. Virol. Methods 60 (1996) 131-137). Fourteen out of 17 new anti-HIV-1 group O positive samples, selected with the Enzygnost HIV-1/2 plus assay, were already reactive when tested with HIV-1 gp160. When tested by the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O microELISA all 17 samples were reactive, demonstrating the necessity to implement an HIV-1 group O-specific antigen in the assay. On the other hand, it was surprisingly found that 40 out of 43 (93%) of anti-HIV-1 group M-positive samples, belonging to strain A, B, C, D, E or F, were detected by crossreaction with the HIV-1 group O (strain ANT70) synthetic peptide incorporated in the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O. Only HIV-1 subtype D-positive samples did not react with this peptide, presumably because of the presence of a histidine residue in the immunodominant region of HIV-1 subtype D gp41. Both crossreactions make the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O microELISA also sensitive for anti-HIV-1-positive samples originating from different geographical regions and resulting from different HIV-1 subtype infections. With an unusual seroconversion panel in which p24 Ag was present persistently, many anti-HIV-1/-2 assays produce alternating positive/negative results in anti-HIV antibody-positive bleeds. It was shown that the use of viral p24 and gp160 in a direct sandwich, allowing detection of anti-HIV IgG and IgM, explains the identification of all anti-HIV-positive bleeds by the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O. The high sensitivity of the plus O assay was confirmed with clinical samples of a so-called anti-HIV-1 low titer panel. The specificity of the Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II plus O determined in five blood transfusion centers, based on 135070 tests, was 99.97%.
van Binsbergen
J
J
Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands.
Keur
W
W
vd Graaf
M
M
Siebelink
A
A
Jacobs
A
A
de Rijk
D
D
Toonen
J
J
Zekeng
L
L
Afane Ze
E
E
Gürtler
L G
LG
D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000276:immunology; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / Q000276:immunology; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000276:immunology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013045:Species Specificity
D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015488:HIV Antigens; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic