title: Aquadynia: noradrenergic pain induced by bathing and responsive to clonidine.
abstract: We describe two women in whom bathing was regularly followed by intense, widespread burning pain that lasted 15 to 45 minutes, which we term aquadynia. This water-induced pain was not caused by any skin or systemic diseases. We view it as a type of noradrenergic pain induced by contact with water, because it can be blocked with clonidine or propranolol. It appears to be an extension of the phenomenon of aquagenic pruritus, which we have also found to respond to clonidine or propranolol.
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Ohio, Department of Medicine, Toledo 43699-0008, USA.
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Shelley
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Shelley
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001494:Baths / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003000:Clonidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000502:physiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009626:Terminology as Topic
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D003000:Clonidine; D009638:Norepinephrine