title: The endogenous feeding suppressant, 2-buten-4-olide, impairs the pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone through endogenous opioid peptides.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the mechanism of the suppressive effect of 2-buten-4-olide (2-B4O), an endogenous feeding suppressant, on the pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH), by studying whether endogenous opioid peptides are involved in this suppressive effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using ovariectomized (ovx) rats, blood samples were taken every 6 min for 2 h after administration of 2-B4O or saline into the third cerebroventricle (3V) and sequential i.v. injection of naloxone (0. 5 mg/kg per h) or saline. Rats were divided into three experimental groups: group 1: 3V saline + i.v. saline (control); group 2: 3V 2-B4O + i.v. saline; group 3: 3V 2-B4O + i.v. naloxone. Serum LH concentrations were determined by double-antibody RIA. To determine whether 2-B4O affected the biosynthetic activity of the opioidergic neurons within the ovx rat arcuate nucleus, we measured the concentrations of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA, a precursor of beta-endorphin, in the rostral arcuate nucleus using non-radioactive in situ hybridization and a computerized image-analysis system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2-B4O significantly suppressed the pulse frequency of LH (group 2: 1.5+/-0.33 pulses/2 h, group 1: 2.43+/-0.2 pulses/2 h; P < 0.05), but naloxone blocked its suppressive effect and restored the pulse frequency (group 3: 3.29+/-0.36 pulses/2 h, group 2: 1.5+/-0.33 pulses/2 h: P < 0.01). There were no significant changes in the mean LH concentrations and amplitude. Furthermore, 2-B4O significantly stimulated the expression of POMC mRNA in the rostral arcuate nucleus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that 2-B4O may impair the pulsatile secretion of LH by activating the opioid pathway within the hypothalamus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Tokushima School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shitsukawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irahara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aono
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D010507:Periodicity; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001067:Appetite Depressants; D005663:Furans; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009270:Naloxone; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin; C004511:butenolide; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D015107:4-Butyrolactone