title: The Malone (antegrade colonic enema) procedure: early experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the results of the Malone (antegrade colonic enema) procedure for fecal incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  By a retrospective review of patients treated between 1990 and 1996 in a tertiary referral center, 36 patients were treated with a Malone procedure. Age at operation was 8.3 (range, 3 to 14) years, the mean period of follow-up was 39 (range, 9 to 72) months. The indication was fecal soiling in 35 and chronic constipation in one. The underlying diagnosis was an anorectal anomaly in the majority of patients. The appendix was used in 30 patients and a cecal flap in six, and a submucosal antireflux procedure was also performed in 10. In 35 patients, a circular stoma was created and in one a V flap was used. Antegrade colonic enemas were performed daily in 10, alternate days in 23, and in three patients the stoma was no longer used. Enemas were performed with a 10F catheter using a mixture of phosphate enema (or liquorice) and saline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fecal soiling was completely controlled in 28 patients, and eight children soiled more than once a week. Complications occurred in 15 patients; the main problem was stenosis of the conduit, which occurred in 9 of 30 appendiceal stomas and three of six cecal stomas. Stomal stenosis was treated with surgical revision in eight patients. Additional complications were reflux through the stoma (n=2), pain on catheterisation (n=1), and small bowel obstruction (n=1). In one patient the Malone has been converted to a colostomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Malone procedure is a simple technique that can effectively control fecal incontinence in the majority of cases. It appeared to be better in older children. Stomal stenosis is a frequently encountered problem that may require surgical revision.
authors.affiliation: Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital NHS Trust, London, England.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Wilcox
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Kiely
mesh_terms: D001065:Appendix / Q000601:surgery; D002404:Catheterization; D002431:Cecostomy; D002648:Child; D003106:Colon; D004733:Enema / Q000379:methods*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D054047:Surgical Stomas; D013997:Time Factors