title: Identification of N-terminal residues on P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 required for binding to P-selectin.
abstract: The major high affinity ligand for P-selectin on human leukocytes is P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). To bind P-selectin, PSGL-1 must be modified with tyrosine sulfate and sialylated, fucosylated, core-2 O-glycan(s). The required sites for these modifications on full-length PSGL-1 have not been defined. The N-terminal region of mature PSGL-1, which begins at residue 42, includes tyrosines at residues 46, 48, and 51, plus potential sites for Thr-linked O-glycans at residues 44 and 57. We expressed full-length PSGL-1 constructs with substitutions of these residues in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. The cells were co-transfected with cDNAs for the glycosyltransferases required to construct sialylated and fucosylated, core-2 O-glycans on PSGL-1. The transfected cells were assayed for their abilities to bind fluid-phase P-selectin and to support rolling adhesion of pre-B cells expressing P-selectin under hydrodynamic flow. In both assays, substitution of Thr-57 with alanine eliminated binding of PSGL-1 to P-selectin without affecting sulfation of PSGL-1, whereas substitution with serine, to which an O-glycan might also be attached, did not affect binding. Binding was not altered by substituting alanines for the two amino acids on either side of Thr-57, or by substituting alanine for Thr-44. Substitution of all three tyrosines with phenylalanines markedly reduced sulfation and prevented binding to P-selectin. However, all constructs in which one or two tyrosines were replaced with phenylalanines bound P-selectin. These results suggest that full-length PSGL-1 requires an O-glycan attached to Thr-57 plus sulfation of any one of its three clustered tyrosines to bind P-selectin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: McEver
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013912:Threonine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019007:P-Selectin; C084882:P-selectin ligand protein; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013912:Threonine; D014443:Tyrosine; D000409:Alanine