title: Gluconeogenesis measured with [U-13C]glucose and mass isotopomer analysis of apoB-100 amino acids in pigs.
abstract: Infant pigs (8.5 kg) were fasted for 16 h and infused for 6 h with [U-13C]glucose. The fractional abundances of all 13C mass isotopomers of plasma glucose, lactate, and pyruvate and of plasma, hepatic, and very low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) alanine, glutamate, and aspartate were measured. The ratios of [13C3]aspartate. [13C3]glutamate, and [13C3]alanine in apoB-100 were used to estimate the positional equilibrium of [13C3]oxaloacetate, the fractional contribution of pyruvate carboxylase to the hepatic oxaloacetate flux, and the activity of hepatic pyruvate dehydrogenase. The values were compared with those based on glucose labeling and previously published equations. The two methods [Katz and Lee method (J. Katz, P.A. Wals., and W.-N. P. Lee. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 12994-13001, 1989) and apoB method] gave similar estimates of the positional equilibrium of [13C3]oxaloacetate (0.59, Katz and Lee method; 0.61, apoB method) but slightly different estimates of the contribution of pyruvate carboxylase to the oxaloacetate flux (0.36, Katz and Lee; 0.31 apoB). Gluconeogenesis apparently contributed between 71 (Katz and Lee method) and 80% (apoB method) of the glucose entry rate (25 mumol.kg-1.min-1), and pyruvate dehydrogenase contributed 20% of the hepatic acetyl-CoA. We conclude that the labeling of aspartate in apoB-100 provides a good estimate of the isotopomer distribution in hepatic oxaloacetate but may underestimate the absolute isotopic enrichment by 50%.
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wykes
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jahoor
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Reeds
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine; D000818:Animals; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005260:Female; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D005947:Glucose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008954:Models, Biological; D010071:Oxaloacetates / Q000378:metabolism; D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D010071:Oxaloacetates; D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D000409:Alanine