title: The RHC21 gene of budding yeast, a homologue of the fission yeast rad21+ gene, is essential for chromosome segregation.
abstract: The Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene RHC21 is a homologue of the fission yeast rad21+ gene, which affects the sensitivity of cells to gamma-irradiation and is essential for cell growth in S. pombe. Disruption of the RHC21 gene showed that it is also essential in S. cerevisiae. To examine its function in cell growth further, we have isolated temperature-sensitive mutants for the RHC21 gene and characterized one of them, termed rhc21-sk16. When this mutant was incubated at 36 degrees C, the percentage of large-budded cells was increased. Most of the large-budded cells had aberrant nuclear structures, such as unequally extended nuclear DNA with incompletely elongated spindles across the mother-daughter neck or only in a mother cell. Furthermore, a circular minichromosome is more unstable in the mutant than in the wild-type, even at 25 degrees C. Flow cytometry showed that the bulk of DNA replication takes place normally at the restrictive temperature in the mutant. These results indicated that the RHC21 gene is required for proper segregation of the chromosomes. In addition, we found that the mutant is sensitive not only to UV radiation and gamma-rays but also to the antimicrotubule agent nocodazole at 25 degrees C. This suggests that the RHC21 gene is involved in the microtubule function. We discuss how the RHC21 gene product may be involved in chromosome segregation and microtubule function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tatebayashi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000502:physiology*; D004261:DNA Replication; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005720:Gamma Rays; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008938:Mitosis; D015739:Nocodazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics*; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C490529:MCD1 protein, S cerevisiae; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C092957:Rad21 protein, S pombe; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D015739:Nocodazole