title: Keratinocyte growth factor protects mice from chemotherapy and radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury and mortality.
abstract: Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells including those of the gastrointestinal tract. Although chemotherapeutics and radiation exposure kill rapidly proliferating tumor cells, rapidly dividing normal cells of the host's gastrointestinal tract are also frequently damaged, leading to the clinical condition broadly termed "mucositis." In this report, recombinant human KGF used as a pretreatment in several mouse models of chemotherapy and/or radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury significantly improved mouse survival. Using multiple-dose 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, and radiation in combination and total body radiation alone models, KGF increased survival by 55% or greater. In the models that used chemotherapy with or without radiation, KGF significantly ameliorated weight loss after injury and accelerated weight gain during recovery. The basis of these systemic benefits appears to be due in part to the trophic effects of the growth factor on the intestinal epithelium because KGF pretreatment caused an increase in measures of mucosal thickness (villus height and crypt depth) that persisted during the course of 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Treatment with KGF also afforded a 3.5-fold improvement in crypt survival in the small intestine, suggesting that KGF also has a direct effect on the crypt stem cells. These data indicate that KGF may be therapeutically useful to lessen the intestinal side effects of current cancer therapy regimens.
authors.affiliation: Amgen Center, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1789, USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Bready
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Rex
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: DiPalma
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Whitcomb
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiemann
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Starnes
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Havill
authors.forename: Z N
authors.initials: ZN
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Aukerman
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thomason
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Potten
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Ulich
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Lacey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D051526:Fibroblast Growth Factor 10; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C496453:FGF7 protein, human; C496454:Fgf7 protein, mouse; D051526:Fibroblast Growth Factor 10; D006133:Growth Substances; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors