title: Monosomy 22q11 in patients with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the morphology of the pulmonary arteries in patients with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries with and without monosomy 22q11.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of all patients with this congenital heart defect who are being followed at the University Children's Hospital Erlangen.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary referral centre for paediatric cardiology and paediatric cardiac surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  21 patients with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries. Monosomy 22q11 was diagnosed by fluorescent in situ hybridisation using the D22S75 probe (Oncor). The morphology of the pulmonary arteries was assessed on the basis of selective angiograms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  10 patients (48%) were shown to have a microdeletion in 22q11 (group I). There was no difference with respect to the presence of confluent central pulmonary arteries between these patients (80%) and the remaining 11 patients (group II) without monosomy 22q11 (91%). Patients of group I, however, more often had arborisation anomalies of the pulmonary vascular bed (90% in group I v 27% in group II). Because of the more severe abnormalities of the pulmonary arteries, a biventricular repair had not been possible in any of the children with monosomy 22q11, though repair had been carried out in 64% of the children in group II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The developmental disturbance caused by the monosomy 22q11 seems to impair the connection of the peripheral pulmonary artery segments to the central pulmonary arteries in patients with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, resulting in a lower probability of biventricular repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hofbeck
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rauch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buheitel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leipold
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: von der Emde
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Singer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001011:Aorta; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D005260:Female; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009006:Monosomy; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018633:Pulmonary Atresia / Q000235:genetics*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies