title: Favorable response to lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha in children with chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the efficacy of interferon therapy for the treatment of children with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four out of 26 children completed the 6-month treatment with lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha and were followed for 12 months or longer. Response to interferon therapy was defined by assaying for circulating HCV-RNA, using a nested PCR, at 6-month intervals after the end of the therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of treatment circulating HCV-RNA was undetectable in 18/24 patients and at 6 months in 12/24. Ten of these 12 primary responders have remained virus free for more than 2 years. One patient remained negative at 12 months. The remaining patient relapsed at 12 months. At 24 months 10 of 18 patients tested negative for HCV-RNA. Serum alanine aminotransferase was normal in 11/24 patients at the end of treatment, at 6 months 12/24 were normal, and at 12 months 11/12 were normal. In eight children with sustained response, repeated liver biopsies revealed a reduction in Knodell's scores for inflammation in the hepatic lobules and in the portal areas. In three of them neither plus nor minus strand of HCV-RNA was detectable in the liver tissue. Responders had a significantly lower level of viremia than non-responders. Side effects of interferon including fever, hair loss, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia were not serious enough to warrant cessation of interferon treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interferon therapy in children with chronic hepatitis C may be beneficial as evaluated by sustained loss of viremia as well as by primary response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University, Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tajiri
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kozaiwa
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Etani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sako
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha