Droperidol-ondansetron combination versus droperidol alone for postoperative control of emesis after total abdominal hysterectomy.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the hypothesis that the combination of ondansetron and droperidol would be more effective than droperidol alone in reducing nausea and vomiting.


METHODS
Randomized, doubleblind study.


METHODS
Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.


METHODS
160 healthy, ASA physical status I and II, female patients scheduled for total abdominal hysterectomy.


METHODS
After induction of anesthesia with propofol, Group 1 received intravenous (i.v.) droperidol 1.25 mg plus i.v. ondansetron 4 mg. Group 2 received i.v. droperidol plus i.v. saline.


RESULTS
The complete response (no emesis, no rescue) for Group 1 was 36 of 80 patients (45%) versus 30 of 80 patients (38%) in Group 2 (p = 0.21). In Group 1, 42 of 80 patients (53%) required rescue antiemetic as compared with 44 of 80 patients (55%) in Group 2 (p = 0.43). There were 72 total rescues in Group 1 versus 73 in Group 2, (p = 0.24). Mean time until first rescue was 578 +/- 429 minutes in Group 1 and 418 +/- 354 minutes in Group 2, (p = 0.03). In Group 1, 81 % (34/42) were rescued for nausea only versus 90% (39/44) of Group 2 (p = 0.16). In Group 1, 21% of patients (17/80) had at least one emetic episode versus 34% (27/80) of Group 2 patients (p = 0.05). There were 31 emetic episodes in Group 1 versus 72 episodes in Group 2. (p = 0.02). Mean time to the first emetic episode was 699 +/- 403 minutes in Group 1 and 616 +/- 376 minutes in Group 2, (p = 0.23).


CONCLUSIONS
For patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomies, the addition of ondansetron to droperidol increases the time until first rescue and reduces the number of emetic episodes, as well as the percentage of patients, having at least one emetic episode.
Riley
T J
TJ
Department of Anesthesia, Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3180, USA.
McKenzie
R
R
Trantisira
B R
BR
Hamilton
D L
DL
D000328:Adult; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004329:Droperidol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000932:Antiemetics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D017294:Ondansetron; D004329:Droperidol