title: Serum markers of bone metabolism in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish reference values for a panel of serum markers of bone turnover in dogs of various ages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs in 4 age groups (0 to 1 year; 1 to 2 years; 3 to 7 years; > 8 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum concentrations of the carboxyterminal propeptide of type-I procollagen (PICP) and the aminoterminal propeptide of type-I procollagen (PINP), both markers of type-I collagen synthesis (hence, bone formation), were measured by use of commercial human radioimmunoassay kits. Serum concentrations of the carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type-I collagen (ICTP), a marker for type-I collagen breakdown (hence, bone resorption), also were measured by use of a commercial human radioimmunoassay kit. Serum osteocalcin (OC) concentrations and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzyme activities were measured by use of techniques developed specifically for dogs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As expected, the highest values for all of the markers were found in young dogs (< 12 months old). Concentrations of OC and ICTP decreased with age, and were lowest in dogs > 8 years old. Total ALP and bone-specific ALP activities initially decreased with age, then increased in dogs > 8 years old.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum markers of bone turnover may be useful diagnostic and prognostic tools for management of dogs with musculoskeletal disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State University of New York, Syracuse 13210, USA.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Breur
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001846:Bone Development; D001862:Bone Resorption; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D003094:Collagen / Q000097:blood*; D024042:Collagen Type I; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood; D011347:Procollagen / Q000097:blood*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024042:Collagen Type I; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D011347:Procollagen; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; C047202:procollagen Type I N-terminal peptide; C042813:procollagen type I carboxy terminal peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; D003094:Collagen; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase