title: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA shedding in the female genital tract.
abstract: Cervical and plasma samples obtained twice, at 2-week intervals, from 49 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-positive women were assayed for HIV-1 RNA. More than 100 copies of HIV-1 RNA were detected in cervical swab supernatants (CSS) from 24 (49%) of 49 women. HIV-1 RNA in CSS was detected in younger women with higher levels of plasma HIV-1 RNA (median, 31,984 vs. 2880 copies/mL; P = .0004), lower CD4 cell counts (median, 190 vs. 390 per mm3; P = .012), and lower CD4 cell percents (median, 16% vs. 25%; P = .03). In multiple logistic regression analysis, only plasma HIV-1 RNA was significantly associated with CSS HIV-1 RNA, with an odds ratio of 4.79/log10 increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA (95% confidence interval, 1.4-16; P = .01). Detection of HIV-1 RNA in cervical secretions is primarily associated with increased plasma HIV-1 RNA.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, California 94305-5107, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goulston
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: McFarland
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Katzenstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D012367:RNA, Viral