The effect of a mandibular advancement device on apneas and sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of a mandibular advancement device on apneas and sleep in mild, moderate, and severe obstructive sleep apnea.


METHODS
Prospective study.


METHODS
Forty-four of 47 patients included.


METHODS
Individually adjusted mandibular advancement devices.


METHODS
Polysomnographic sleep recordings for 1 night without the device and 1 night with it, with a median of 1 day and no changes in weight, medication, or sleep position between the recordings.


RESULTS
The device reduced the median obstructive apnea-hypopnea index from 11 (range, 7 to 19) to 5 (range, 0 to 17) (p<0.001) in 21 patients with mild sleep apnea, from 27 (range, 20 to 38) to 7 (range, 1 to 19) (p<0.001) in 15 patients with moderate sleep apnea, and from 53 (range, 44 to 66) to 14 (range, 2 to 32) (p<0.05) in 8 patients with severe sleep apnea. The arousal index decreased and the sleep stage patterns improved in all severity groups. Twenty-eight of 44 patients were successfully treated with an obstructive apnea-hypopnea index of below 10 and a subjective reduction in snoring. Nine of 16 patients with treatment failure still reported a reduction in snoring. The success rate correlated inversely to the disease severity (r=-0.41; p<0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
A mandibular advancement device reduces apneas and improves sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea, especially in those with mild and moderate disease. A follow-up sleep recording during treatment is necessary because of the risk of silent obstructive apneas without subjective snoring with the device.
Marklund
M
M
Department of Orthodontics, Umeå University, Sweden.
Franklin
K A
KA
Sahlin
C
C
Lundgren
R
R
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019186:Mandibular Advancement; D008875:Middle Aged; D009968:Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*