title: Gene therapy in lung transplantation: effective gene transfer via the airways.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gene therapy may provide a means of modifying factors that contribute to the development of pathologic processes in transplanted lungs. Experiments were designed to study the feasibility of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer by way of the airways to the transplanted lung.
  
  
  METHODS
  Orthotopic left lung transplantation (Lewis to Lewis rats) was performed on four groups of animals. 300 microl of adenovirus solution encoding for beta-galactosidase was infused into the left bronchus of donor rats at viral concentrations of 10(8) pfu/ml (n = 5), 10(9) pfu/ml (n = 6), and 10(10) pfu/ml (n = 6), and the lung was ventilated for 5 minutes. Controls (n = 6) received medium only. Seven days after transplantation, native and transduced, transplanted lungs were harvested. Sections of lung were fixed and stained with a solution of X-Gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside) and staining was evaluated for distribution by cell type and intensity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Beta-galactosidase expression was absent in the control group and in the native lungs. Two of five lungs in the 10(8) group expressed beta-galactosidase, but in a limited distribution and intensity. All six lungs in the 10(9) group and five of six lungs in the 10(10) group expressed beta-galactosidase. The distribution and intensity of beta-galactosidase expression ranged from only a few cells staining per slide to up to 75%. Pneumocytes were the most frequently stained cell type followed by alveolar macrophages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gene transfer to the transplanted lung via the bronchial route is feasible and offers a novel technique to modify pathologic processes in the transplanted lung.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jeppsson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pellegrini
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Tazelaar
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: McGregor
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D015870:Gene Expression; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001616:beta-Galactosidase