title: Determination of serotonin, catecholamines and their metabolites by direct injection of supernatants from chicken brain tissue homogenate using liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.
abstract: An isocratic liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection for the determination of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin, and their major metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic acid and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in chicken brain tissue is described. Chickens were killed at different ages, the brains were quickly frozen and 300-microm cryostat sections were made. From these sections, two to six tissue micropunches (1 mm in diameter) were punched out from 20 different areas of the hypothalamus and homogenated in 100 microl 0.1 M perchloric acid which included 0.01% cysteine as antioxidant. Fifty-microl supernatants were injected directly onto the LC system, separated on a 3-microm Phase II ODS column (100 x 3.2 mm I.D.) and detected by an electrochemical detector at a potential of +0.75 V. Standard curves, recoveries, analytical precision and detection limits were investigated for each monoamine neurotransmitter and its metabolites. The method was applied to study the influence of food restriction on the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitters in different brain areas, known to be involved in feeding and reproductive behaviour of female broiler chickens. Over 1000 micropunched tissue samples from ad libitum fed and food-restricted female broiler chickens were analyzed. Our results provide a possible role for catecholamines and indolamines in the altered feeding and reproductive behaviour of the broiler chicken.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology and Immunological Biotechnology, Zoological Institute, K.U. Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moons
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vandesande
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000032:analysis*; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000032:analysis; D004298:Dopamine / Q000032:analysis; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000032:analysis; D011786:Quality Control; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012701:Serotonin / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D012701:Serotonin; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D006719:Homovanillic Acid; D004837:Epinephrine