title: Cochlear implantation in children younger than 2 years old.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the viability of giving implants to children <2 years old and to assess the development of speech perception.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study with a follow-up period of 1-5 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  New York University Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients consisted of 11 consecutive profoundly deaf children, aged 14-23 months, who were given the Nucleus cochlear implant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Closed- and open-set speech perception were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively using the following measures: Early Speech Perception (ESP) test, the Northwestern University children's perception of speech test (NU-CHIPS), the Glendonald auditory screening procedure (GASP) word and sentence tests, the phonetically balanced kindergarten (PBK) word test, common phrases test, the multisyllabic lexical neighborhood test (MLNT), and the lexical neighborhood test (LNT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Paired t test was used to examine changes in scores from the preoperative test interval to the last available postoperative assessment. Results indicate that all patients had significant improvement from preoperative performance to the last postoperative evaluation and were using oral language as their means of communication. There were no medical or surgical complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children <2 years old receive substantial benefit from a multichannel cochlear implant with no increase in risk when compared with older children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Waltzman
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003638:Deafness / Q000151:congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013063:Speech Discrimination Tests / Q000379:methods; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D013069:Speech Reception Threshold Test / Q000379:methods