title: Comparison of relaxations evoked by photoactivation of NO-containing compounds and nitrergic nerve stimulation in 5-hydroxytryptamine- and potassium-contracted rat gastric fundus.
abstract: 1. The aim of the present study was to further investigate our earlier proposal of liberation of nitric oxide (NO) by photoactivation of molecules containing NO or NO2, which in turn relaxes gastric smooth muscle, and to determine whether presynaptic- and/or postsynaptic NO-mediated relaxation is affected differently by the degree of membrane depolarization in rat gastric fundus smooth muscle. 2. During contraction of rat gastric fundus with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, 10 microM), low (K+, 25 mM) and high potassium (K+, 65.4 mM), relaxation responses to nitrergic nerve stimulation, photo-activation of caged NO compounds (streptozotocin [STZ], N omega-nitro-L-arginine-methylacetate [L-NAME], N omega-nitro-D-arginine-methylacetate [D-NAME]), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were compared. 3. Nitrergic nerve (presynaptic) stimulation and photoactivation (postsynaptic) of all caged NO compounds produced rapid, transient and reversible relaxation of 5-HT and low-K(+)-contracted tissues. However, when contractions were induced by high K+, the relaxation induced by nerve stimulation was abolished, whereas relaxations induced by photoactivated NO compounds were significantly (P < 0.01) reduced. 4. The relaxation induced by sodium nitroprusside (SNP), but not papaverine, was also diminished in high-K(+)-contracted tissues. The magnitude of photoactivated NO-induced relaxation was related to the amount of NO release, light intensity and concentration of compounds. 5. The evidence that photoactivated NO-induced relaxation is mediated by cGMP comes from the observation that zaprinast, but not forskolin, potentiated the relaxation. 6. It is concluded that rat gastric smooth muscle relaxes to photoactivation of NO or NO2-carrying molecules via NO, and it appears that degree of membrane depolarization may be a critical factor in dissociating the response to presynaptic- and postsynaptic NO-mediated relaxation in this muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju, Korea. kcchang@nongae.gsnu.ac.kr
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005748:Gastric Fundus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D012701:Serotonin; D013311:Streptozocin; D011188:Potassium; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester