title: Esthetic crown lengthening for maxillary anterior teeth.
abstract: In the maxillary anterior region, the gingival labial margin position is an important parameter in the achievement of an ideal smile. The relationship between the periodontium and the restoration is critical if gingival health and esthetics are to be achieved. Periodontal therapy is a necessary and useful adjunct when any anterior restoration is undertaken. Anterior surgical crown lengthening may be undertaken to avoid restorative margin impingement on the biologic width. Crown lengthening is also used to alter the gingival labial profiles. This article discusses the esthetic parameters of ideal gingival labial positions and presents a classification of crown-lengthening procedures and the procedure for a two-stage crown-lengthening technique. The two-stage crown-lengthening technique is surgically precise because healing is predictable.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sonick
mesh_terms: D016556:Crown Lengthening / Q000379:methods*; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005881:Gingiva / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005890:Gingivectomy; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D008437:Maxilla; D012904:Smiling; D013524:Surgical Flaps