title: Risk factors for hyperamylasemia after hepatectomy using the Pringle maneuver: randomized analysis of surgical parameters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the increased portal venous pressure caused by use of the Pringle maneuver contributes to inducing posthepatectomy hyperamylasemia and, subsequently, to evaluate risk factors for its development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients who were going to undergo hepatectomy were assigned prospectively to either a superior mesenteric artery clamp (n=20) or a nonclamp (n=20) group by the random-block method.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Pringle maneuver was used during hepatectomy, and in the superior mesenteric artery clamp group the superior mesenteric arteries were clamped simultaneously.
  
  
  METHODS
  Amylase activity, isozyme, and creatinine levels in the blood and urine samples were measured before and after surgery, and the amylase creatinine clearance ratio was estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum amylase activity levels of the superior mesenteric artery clamp and nonclamp groups did not differ significantly during the 7 postoperative days. The serum amylase activity levels exceeded 250 U/L in 14 patients (group 1) and remained below this level in 26 (group 2). The salivary-type isozyme levels of group 1 increased significantly compared with those of group 2, and the levels of group 2 remained normal. The total amount of amylase excreted in the urine samples of group 1 patients also increased significantly, with the salivary-type isozyme predominating. All the mean amylase creatinine clearance ratios before and after surgery remained normal. The mode chi2 of the logistic model including the indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes and the ratio of the resected liver weight to the whole liver volume showed a significantly increased risk (P=.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is not the increased portal venous pressure caused by use of the Pringle maneuver but the liver function and the extent of liver resection that are considered risk factors for inducing posthepatectomy salivary-type hyperamylasemia.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makuuchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noie
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kusaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harihara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine; D003250:Constriction; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D003404:Creatinine; D000681:Amylases