title: The effects of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the expression of nm-23 in human cancer cells.
abstract: This study examined the effect of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the expression of nm-23, a metastasis-suppressor gene, in two highly invasive human cancer cell lines, HT115 and MDA MB 231. A range of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs were tested. We report that while linoleic acid and arachidonic acid reduced the expression of nm-23-H1, gamma linolenic acid (GLA) and its soluble lithium salt markedly increased the expression of the molecules. The stimulation of the expression of nm-23 by GLA was seen at both protein and mRNA levels. Up-regulation of nm-23 was also associated with a reduction of the in vitro invasiveness of these cells. It is concluded that gamma linolenic acid (GLA) enhances the expression of nm-23. This contributes to the inhibition of the in vitro invasion of tumour cells.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Surgery, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hiscox
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bryce
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Horrobin
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Mansel
mesh_terms: D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins