title: Monitoring of cerebral hemodynamics using near-infrared spectroscopy during local intraarterial thrombolysis: case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of continuous measuring of changes in regional cerebrovascular hemoglobin saturation during local intraarterial thrombolytic therapy for middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion is discussed.
  
  
  METHODS
  To obtain real-time data on changing cerebral hemodynamics, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used during recanalization of an occluded MCA branch. Changes in regional cerebrovascular hemoglobin saturation of the affected left frontal lobe were observed immediately after intraarterial injection of urokinase (UK).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A steady increase in regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) was observed until recanalization was confirmed angiographically as a result of 300,000 IU of UK.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Monitoring of cerebrovascular hemoglobin saturation by NIRS is a simple, noninvasive technique suggesting its potential for intraoperative monitoring during interventional neuroradiologic procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagashima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okudera
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwashita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; D010100:Oxygen