title: Isolation of seven unique biogenic amine receptor clones from the honey bee by library scanning.
abstract: The biogenic amine receptor genes constitute an ancient and highly divergent family within the larger superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors. These receptors play a central role in modulating nerve cell activity and thus behaviour. Because the honey bee offers numerous advantages for behavioural studies we endeavoured to isolate as many members of this gene family as possible from the bee. We compared numerous approaches to gene isolation and found that PCR amplification from small subfractions of cDNA or genomic DNA libraries enabled us to isolate clones that are otherwise undetectable. In total we isolated seven biogenic amine receptor clones and identified five additional related sequences by low-stringency Southern hybridization. Two clones, AmBAR4 and AmBAR6, are 84% and 72% identical to the Drosophila 5-HT2 and D1b receptors, respectively, and probably represent orthologous genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that AmBAR5 clusters loosely with a variety of tyramine and octopamine receptors with which it shares <66% identity. The other four clones, AmBAR1, AmBAR2, AmBAR3 and AmBAR7, are weakly to moderately related (28-45% identical) to Drosophila dopaminergic or mammalian adrenergic receptors and probably represent receptors of these classes whose orthologues have not previously been isolated from any insect. The honey bee clones expand the size of the known insect biogenic amine receptor gene family to sixteen members. Therefore the size of the biogenic amine receptor gene family of insects approaches that of vertebrates. This is true despite the reduced behavioural and genetic complexity of the insects relative to vertebrate animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, The Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Pest Management, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia. ebert@biosci.uq.edu.au
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Ebert
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Toma
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000235:genetics*; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D016208:Databases, Factual; D015698:Genomic Library; D006801:Humans; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017982:Receptors, Biogenic Amine / Q000235:genetics*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D019476:Insect Proteins; D017982:Receptors, Biogenic Amine