[Cellular immunophenotypes in 97 adults with acute leukemia].
OBJECTIVE
To analyze hematopoietic cell surface antigen reactivity in acute leukemia (AL) by flow cytometry and identify acute mixed-lineage leukemias (AMLL) employing the most widely accepted criteria.


METHODS
Ninety seven patients with de novo AL were studied. Cell surface antigens were investigated with monoclonal antibodies directed to: B lymphoid (CD10, CD19, CD20, CD21, CD22); T lymphoid (CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7); and myeloid (CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33, CD41) cell lineages. Maturation cell-associated antigens (CD34, HLA-DR and TdT) were also studied.


RESULTS
Twelve patients unclassified by cytomorphology could be classified by immunophenotype. Using cytomorphologic, cytochemical and immunophenotypic data, 54 cases corresponded to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 43 were acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). In All there were 63% B lineage, 15% T, 7% T/B, 6% undifferentiated and 9% mixed-lineage (coexpression of two or more myeloid-associated antigens). In AML, myeloid immunophenotype was observed in 86% undifferentiated in 2%, and mixed-lineage in 12% (coexpression of two or more lymphoid-associated antigens). In addition, 26% of ALL cases and 12% of AML cases expressed a single myeloid and lymphoid antigen respectively. The most common aberrant antigens in ALL and AML were CD13 and CD7 respectively. The highest frequency of CD34 antigen expression (90%) was detected in patients with AMLL.


CONCLUSIONS
Flow cytometric immunophenotypic analysis allowed to: a) establish diagnosis in cytomorphologically unclassified cases; b) identify AMLL with a frequency similar to that reported in other series; and c) confirm the heterogeneity of AL.
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Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga, México, D.F.
López-Karpovitch
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Cárdenas
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D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD
Inmunofenotipos celulares en 97 adultos con leucemia aguda.