title: The diagnosis and treatment of the gummy smile.
abstract: The diagnosis and treatment of the "gummy smile" (altered passive eruption, excessive gingival display) help the periodontist to provide the most beautiful smiles possible for patients. This article describes diagnosis, surgical planning, and case reports that show the benefits of treatment of this common clinical problem for the patient and restorative dentist who can now provide ideal cosmetic results for their patients.
authors.affiliation: Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGuire
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000543:Alveoloplasty; D016556:Crown Lengthening / Q000379:methods*; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D005890:Gingivectomy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D012904:Smiling; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014078:Tooth Eruption; D014716:Vertical Dimension