title: Coronary vascular responsiveness to adenosine is impaired additively by blockade of nitric oxide synthesis and a sulfonylurea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to define effects of glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea known to block ATP-dependent potassium (KATP) channels, and Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an L-arginine analog known to block nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, on coronary vascular responsiveness to adenosine.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The role of adenosine in coronary flow regulation becomes increasingly important when KATP channel function or NO synthesis is impaired. Both variables are potentially altered in patients with coronary artery disease taking a sulfonylurea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dose-response curves relating coronary conductance to plasma adenosine concentration were obtained by using intracoronary infusions of adenosine (10 to 1,000 microg/min) in chronically instrumented dogs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ED50, the plasma concentration of adenosine needed to produce 50% of the maximal increase in conductance under baseline conditions, increased threefold after either 1 or 10 mg/kg of L-NAME. ED50 also increased in response to glibenclamide in a dose-related fashion (5.7-fold increase per 1 mg/kg body weight of glibenclamide). Effects of combined blockade of KATP channels and NO synthesis were additive, with increases in ED50 as high as 15-fold. Both L-NAME and glibenclamide increased systemic pressure and reduced coronary conductance, confirming the roles of NO and KATP channels in regulating coronary and systemic vascular tone under rest conditions as well as during stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronary vascular responsiveness to adenosine is blunted in vivo by both L-NAME and glibenclamide. Effects of the sulfonylurea and blockade of NO synthesis are additive and can limit coronary vasodilation as well as other responses involving KATP channels and NO.
authors.affiliation: Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yaroshenko
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hedjbeli
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Klocke
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000241:Adenosine; D005905:Glyburide; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester