title: Benzamil blockade of brain Na+ channels averts Na(+)-induced hypertension in rats.
abstract: To determine the possible involvement of brain amiloride-sensitive Na+ channels in Na(+)-induced hypertension, we investigated the effects of benzamil hydrochloride, a specific blocker of these Na+ channels, on the acute pressor mechanisms of intracerebroventricular infusion of hypertonic NaCl and the continuous pressor mechanisms of Na(+)-induced chronic hypertension, such as deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertensive or stroke-prone spontaneous hypertensive rats, and of non-Na(+)-induced hypertension, such as renovascular hypertensive rats. Intracerebroventricular preinjection with benzamil (1 or 10 nmol/kg) abolished the increase in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, abdominal sympathetic discharge, and plasma vasopressin concentration induced by an acute increase in cerebrospinal Na+ concentrations at intracerebroventricular infusion of 1.5 M hypertonic NaCl. Continuous intracerebroventricular infusion of benzamil (1 or 10 nmol.kg-1.day-1) for 7 days attenuated Na(+)-induced chronic hypertension in both deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt and stroke-prone spontaneous hypertensive rats, accompanied by reduction of urinary excretion of vasopressin and norepinephrine but not in renovascular hypertensive rats. Intravenous infusion of benzamil (10 nmol.kg-1.day-1) for 7 days affected neither arterial pressure nor urinary excretion of vasopressin and norepinephrine in either model of hypertension. Benzamil-blockable brain amiloride-sensitive Na+ channels are expected to function as one of the Na+ receptors in the brain and to be involved in the pressor mechanism of Na(+)-induced hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nanbu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000652:urine; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D009318:Natriuresis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000494:pharmacology; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; C013407:benzamil; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D000584:Amiloride