title: The effect of dobutamine on distal colon ischaemia in the pig.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypotheses that dobutamine increases intestinal blood flow, it reduces mucosal acidosis and it prevents mucosal injury in an experimental porcine model of distal colonic ischaemia. And the hypothesis that mannitol prevents reperfusion injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised animal experiment.
  
  
  METHODS
  University Hospital, Department of Experimental Research.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one pigs were subjected to 7 h of controlled non-occlusive intestinal ischaemia of the distal colon, consisting of an occlusion of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and a constriction of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). At 3.5 h six pigs were treated with dobutamine, six with mannitol (0.18 g/kgBW), six with dobutamine and mannitol and three served as controls. Three non-ischaemic pigs were treated with dobutamine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All animals were haemodynamically stable throughout the experiment. There was no difference in any variable between the animals treated with mannitol and those not treated. The ischaemic dobutamine-treated animals increased their cardiac output (CO) by 14% compared to baseline and by 59% compared to controls. The median final dosage of dobutamine was 13.2 micrograms/kg per min (range 8.6-25.8). The blood flow in the restricted SMA, the intramucosal pH of the colonic mucosa (pHi) and the degree of histological mucosal injury were identical in animals treated with dobutamine and controls. The pH gap (pHa-pHi) correlated well (r = 0.97) with the PCO2 gap (aPCO2-intestinal PCO2). The non-ischaemic animals treated with dobutamine increased CO by 37% and blood flow of the SMA by 16%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dobutamine increased CO but did not ameliorate or deteriorate colonic ischaemia in this experimental model. The PCO2 gap correlated well with the pH gap.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Lasarettet, Skellefteå, Sweden. martin@bjorck.pp.se
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Björck
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bergqvist
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Haglund
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004234:Diuretics, Osmotic; D008353:Mannitol; D004280:Dobutamine