Processing of laminin-5 and its functional consequences: role of plasmin and tissue-type plasminogen activator.
The laminin-5 component of the extracellular matrices of certain cultured cells such as the rat epithelial cell line 804G and the human breast epithelial cell MCF-10A is capable of nucleating assembly of cell- matrix adhesive devices called hemidesmosomes when other cells are plated upon them. These matrices also impede cell motility. In contrast, cells plated onto the laminin-5-rich matrices of pp126 epithelial cells fail to assemble hemidesmosomes and are motile. To understand these contradictory phenomena, we have compared the forms of heterotrimeric laminin-5 secreted by 804G and MCF-10A cells with those secreted by pp126 cells, using a panel of laminin-5 subunit-specific antibodies. The alpha3 subunit of laminin-5 secreted by pp126 cells migrates at 190 kD, whereas that secreted by 804G and MCF-10A cells migrates at 160 kD. The pp126 cell 190-kD alpha3 chain of laminin-5 can be specifically proteolyzed by plasmin to a 160-kD species at enzyme concentrations that do not apparently effect the laminin-5 beta and gamma chains. After plasmin treatment, pp126 cell laminin-5 not only impedes cell motility but also becomes competent to nucleate assembly of hemidesmosomes. The possibility that plasmin may play an important role in processing laminin-5 subunits is supported by immunofluorescence analyses that demonstrate colocalization of laminin-5 and plasminogen in the extracellular matrix of MCF-10A and pp126 cells. Whereas tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), which converts plasminogen to plasmin, codistributes with laminin-5 in MCF-10A matrix, tPA is not present in pp126 extracellular matrix. Treatment of pp126 laminin-5-rich extracellular matrix with exogenous tPA results in proteolysis of the laminin-5 alpha3 chain from 190 to 160 kD. In addition, plasminogen and tPA bind laminin-5 in vitro. In summary, we provide evidence that laminin-5 is a multifunctional protein that can act under certain circumstances as a motility and at other times as an adhesive factor. In cells in culture, this functional conversion appears dependent upon and is regulated by tPA and plasminogen.
Goldfinger
L E
LE
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
Stack
M S
MS
Jones
J C
JC
D000818:Animals; D001940:Breast; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003896:Desmosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097794:Kalinin
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D005341:Fibrinolysin; D010958:Plasminogen; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D000097794:Kalinin