Effects of interleukin-1 beta on sleep are mediated by the type I receptor.
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is a well characterized sleep regulatory substance. To study receptor mechanisms for the sleep-promoting effects of IL-1 beta, sleep patterns were determined in control and IL-1 type I receptor knockout (IL-1RI KO) mice with a B6x129 background after intraperitoneal injections of saline or murine recombinant IL-1 beta. The IL-1RI KO mice had slightly but significantly less sleep during the dark period compared with the controls. IL-1 beta dose dependently increased non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) and suppressed rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) in the controls. The IL-1RI KO mice did not respond to IL-1 beta. In contrast, the IL-1RI KO mice increased NREMS and decreased REMS after administration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), another well characterized sleep-promoting substance. These results 1) provide further evidence that IL-1 beta is involved in sleep regulation, 2) indicate that the effects of IL-1 beta on sleep are mediated by the type I receptor, and 3) suggest that TNF-alpha is capable of inducing sleep without the involvement of IL-1.
Fang
J
J
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163, USA.
Wang
Y
Y
Krueger
J M
JM
D000818:Animals; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology
D007375:Interleukin-1; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha