title: Extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation for paediatric respiratory failure.
abstract: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) uses modified cardiopulmonary bypass technology to provide prolonged respiratory or cardiorespiratory support for patients of all ages who have failed conventional intensive care management. The use of ECMO for neonatal respiratory failure is now evidence-based following the publication of the randomised UK Collaborative Trial. ECMO use in children remains more controversial, but overall survival of 71% is possible in a group of moribund patients whose mean PaO2/FIO2 ratio of 61 mmHg accurately predicts death in studies of conventional ventilation. Common diagnoses for children requiring ECMO support are pneumonia and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
authors.affiliation: Heartlink ECMO Centre, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Peek
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Sosnowski
mesh_terms: D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000075202:Contraindications; D004867:Equipment Design; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000379:methods; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen