title: M3-type muscarinic receptors predominantly mediate neurogenic quick contraction of bovine ciliary muscle.
abstract: 1. The present experiments were designed to investigate which subtypes of muscarinic receptors are involved in the neurogenic quick contraction of bovine ciliary muscle in connection to quick eye focal accommodation. 2. Transmural electrical stimulation (TES) produced a transient contraction, which was abolished in the presence of 3 x 10(-7) M tetrodotoxin and 10(-6) M atropine, but greatly augmented by 3 x 10(-7) M physostigmine. 3. The exogenously applied acetylcholine (ACh: 10(-9) to 3 x 10(-6) M) produced a concentration-dependent contraction, which was competitively antagonized by 10(-6) M atropine and augmented by 3 x 10(-7) M physostigmine, but unaffected by 3 x 10(-7) M tetrodotoxin. 4. The magnitude and time to peak of the maximal contraction produced by TES were significantly greater (1267.5 +/- 86.0 mg, P < 0.005) and shorter (9.0 +/- 0.2 sec, P < 0.005) than corresponding values (97.0 +/- 9.9 mg and 20.3 +/- 2.1 sec, respectively) of the phasic contraction caused by exogenously applied 10(-5) M ACh, at which concentration the agonist caused the maximal contraction. The velocity (140.6 +/- 7.8 mg/sec) of the transient contraction caused by TES was approximately 28-fold greater than that of the phasic contraction caused by ACh (5.1 +/- 0.9 mg/sec). 5. The contractions produced by TES were greatly attenuated by 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine (4-DAMP) as an M3 antagonist and slightly by pirenzepine as an M1 antagonist (20.2 +/- 7.9% inhibition at the highest concentration), but not by methoctramine (MET) as an M2 antagonist. The IC50 value (-log M) for 4-DAMP was determined to be 7.17 +/- 0.14. 6. Scatchard plot analysis of [3H]-quinuclidinylbenzilate (QNB) binding revealed that the binding sites constituted a single population with a Kd of 31.2 +/- 0.8 pM and a Bmax of 895.5 +/- 93.2 fmol/mg protein. The activity in inhibiting [3H]-QNB binding was most potent with 4-DAMP (-log Ki = 7.98 +/- 0.02), but less potent with pirenzepine (-log Ki = 6.43 +/- 0.04) and MET (-log Ki = 7.32 +/- 0.16). 4-DAMP was approximately 35- and 5-fold more potent than pirenzepine and MET in terms of -log Ki values, respectively, suggesting the predominant localization of M3 receptor subtypes in the bovine ciliary muscle membrane. 7. These results suggest that TES produces a neurogenic quick contraction of the bovine ciliary muscle, which would be mediated mainly by ACh released from the intramural nerve terminals and subsequent excitation of M3 receptor subtypes localized on the ciliary muscle cells, and that neurogenic quick contraction of the ciliary muscle is possibly involved in part in eye focal accommodation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan. h.azuma@chem.i-mde.tmd.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamaoki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamikawatoko
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tokoro
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azuma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002417:Cattle; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D011813:Quinuclidinyl Benzilate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D011813:Quinuclidinyl Benzilate