title: Isolated pleural effusion with hematopoietic cells of mixed lineage in a patient receiving granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor after high-dose chemotherapy.
abstract: A 43-yr-old woman with recently diagnosed breast carcinoma presented with a right pleural effusion after a cycle of adjuvant, high-dose chemotherapy supported by peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF, Filgrastim). Cytologic examination of the pleural aspirate yielded highly cellular material composed predominantly of cells of myeloid and macrophage/monocytic lineages. Despite clinical concern of a malignant effusion, the combination of cytologic and immunophenotypic examination yielded the correct diagnosis of a nonneoplastic effusion related to underlying pleural inflammation and possibly the administration of G-CSF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Busmanis
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Beaty
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Basser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000628:therapy*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003581:Cytodiagnosis; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D000069585:Filgrastim; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D015251:Epirubicin; D000069585:Filgrastim; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule