The rationale for soft-tissue grafting and vestibuloplasty in association with endosseous implants: a literature review.
Significant soft-tissue complications have been reported around endosseous implant permucosal abutments. Peri-implants with associated bone loss can have a negative effect on the long-term prognosis of the implant reconstruction. The rationale for soft-tissue grafting and vestibuloplasty techniques is presented in the form of a literature review. The implant sulcular epithelium, permucosal seal, and the peri-implant connective tissues are discussed. The etiology of soft-tissue complications as well as the significance of attached gingiva surrounding implant abutments are presented along with techniques for surgical intervention.
Hoelscher
D C
DC
Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, USA.
Simons
A M
AM
D000044:Dental Abutments; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000009:adverse effects; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005881:Gingiva / Q000637:transplantation*; D005882:Gingival Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005893:Gingivoplasty / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016348:Osseointegration; D014727:Vestibuloplasty / Q000379:methods*