title: Angiogenesis as a predictor of survival after surgical resection for stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Some patients with surgically resected stage I non-small-cell lung cancer eventually have metastatic disease. A histologic marker of metastatic potential and diminished survival for stage I non-small-cell lung cancer may distinguish this patient population. This study evaluates the degree of angiogenesis as a predictor of cancer-related death after operation for stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic, surgical, and histopathologic data, including presence of vascular invasion, were reviewed for 106 patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer from 1985 through 1990. Visual quantitation of microvessels immunostained with factor VIII-related antigen and CD31 in 5 microm sections from the paraffin blocks of tissue defined rumor angiogenesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up was 95.1% complete, mean 5.2 +/- 3.0 years. Lung cancer-related mortality rate was 24.4% at 5 years. Mean microvessel counts were 20.7 +/- 11.2 for FVIII and 29.6 +/- 18.1 for CD31. Univariate analysis revealed an FVIII count of at least 20 (p = 0.025) and blood vessel invasion (p = 0.017) to be significant predictors of disease-related death. After adjustment for other patient and tumor characteristics, multivariate Cox regression analysis found an FVIII count of at least 20 (hazard ratio 2.9) and blood vessel invasion (hazard ratio 3.7) to be significant independent correlates of lung cancer death (p = 0.018 and p = 0.011, respectively). CD31 quantitation did not predict survival on univariate or multivariate analyses and did not correlate strongly with FVIII quantitation (Spearman's rank correlation r = 0.19).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This analysis reveals a significant association between tumor neovascularization and cancer-related mortality rate among patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer. Microvessel quantitation of FVIII, as an indicator of tumor angiogenesis and metastatic potential, may define a subset of patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer who could benefit from adjuvant therapy after surgical resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Bufkin
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Pennington
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gal
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kosinski
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D005169:Factor VIII