title: Nitric oxide modulation of neutrophil-endothelium interaction: difference between arterial and venous coronary bypass grafts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to evaluate the relation between the pattern of neutrophil-endothelial adhesion in saphenous vein (SV) and internal mammary artery (IMA) grafts and the endothelial production of nitric oxide (NO).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Autologous IMA and SV grafts (SVGs) are increasingly used as conduits for coronary bypass grafting. Previous studies have demonstrated a greater production of endothelial-derived relaxing factor (NO) from IMA than from SVGs. Because of the well known role of NO in modulating the adhesion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to the endothelium, we studied the pattern of neutrophil adhesion to the endothelium of IMA and SVs under basal conditions and after inhibition of NO synthesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Segments of IMA and SVs were obtained from 20 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. We evaluated the adhesion of both unstimulated and activated neutrophils to the endothelial surface of IMA and SVs in both basal conditions and after inhibition of NO synthesis with Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under basal conditions, no difference in unstimulated neutrophil adhesion to endothelium was observed between the two vessel conduits. After neutrophil activation, a significantly (p < 0.05) greater adhesion of neutrophils was observed in the SV than in the IMA. After inhibition of NO release, the adhesion of activated neutrophils increased in both vessels, and no significant difference between them was observed. The increased adhesion was attenuated by both L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lesser neutrophil adhesion to the endothelium of the IMA is a consequence of enhanced release of NO at this level; this effect could be responsible for the better early and long-term patency of this conduit over the SVG in coronary bypass grafting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Catanzaro, Italy. chello@unicz.thebrain.net
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chello
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mastroroberto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perticone
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Celi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colonna
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester