title: Recurrent in vitro fertilization failure evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present a case of IVF failure evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Research university laboratory and clinical IVF laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  An infertile couple with recurrent IVF failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fluorescence in situ hybridization study of the complete cohort of "zygotes" obtained at the third IVF attempt.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies of chromosomes X, Y, 13, 18, and 21.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the recovered putative zygotes were abnormal for the expected ploidy, presumably as a result of abnormal oocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques represent a promising approach to analyze zygotes that fail to divide normally in vitro and eggs that fail to become fertilized. In cases of recurrent IVF failure, the results of FISH could be used to counsel couples and thus to help them choose among methods other than IVF for assisted reproduction.
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Biologia Cel lular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grossmann
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Calafell
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balasch
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Vanrell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egozcue
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santaló
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vidal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002882:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007246:Infertility / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014960:X Chromosome; D014998:Y Chromosome; D015053:Zygote / Q000648:ultrastructure*