title: Treatment of symptomatic chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy with amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium: short- and long-term results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the short- and long-term effects of treatment of symptomatic chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy (CATH) with a 30-day course of amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (AMOX/CLAV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Children 2 to 16 years of age with obstructive symptoms attributable to CATH, who did not have a history of recurrent adenotonsillitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ambulatory clinic of a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly treated with 30-day courses of either placebo (PLAC) or AMOX/CLAV (40 mg/kg in 3 divided doses daily).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients' signs and symptoms were assessed by physical examination and by both physician and parental forced-choice questionnaires 1, 3, and 24 months after treatment. The decision to proceed to surgery or to continue expectant management was made for all patients by the same physician, based on reported symptoms and physical findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with a 30-day course of AMOX/CLAV significantly reduced the need for surgery in the short term compared with PLAC (37.5% vs 62.7%) at 1-month follow-up). The reduced need for surgery in the AMOX/CLAV-treated group persisted at 3 months (AMOX/CLAV 54.5% vs PLAC 85.7%) and 24 months (AMOX/CLAV 83.3% vs PLAC 98.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 30-day course of AMOX/CLAV significantly reduces the need for surgery in children with obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy at 1-month follow-up. This relative reduction persists at 3 and 24 months posttreatment, although the absolute percentages of patients requiring surgery increased in both groups as time after treatment increased. The reduction in symptoms in AMOX/CLAV-treated patients is modest but significant even in long-term follow-up. The precise role of this treatment for CATH is yet to be determined; however, our results suggest that a 30-day course of AMOX/CLAV can be used in situations when a temporary relief in symptoms is desirable or surgery would incur unacceptable risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, New York Eye & Ear Infirmary, New York, New York 10003, USA.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Sclafani
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Dolitsky
mesh_terms: D000234:Adenoids / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination