title: The influence of ondansetron and m-chlorophenylpiperazine on scopolamine-induced cognitive, behavioral, and physiological responses in young healthy controls.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is evidence from animal and human experiments that learning and memory come under the separate influence of both cholinergic and serotonergic pathways. We were interested in learning whether serotonergic drugs could attenuate or exacerbate the memory-impairing effects of anticholinergic blockade in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  The selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron (0.15 mg/kg i.v.) and the serotonergic agent m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP; 0.08 mg/kg i.v.) were administered in combination with the anticholinergic agent scopolamine (0.4 mg PO) and compared to scopolamine alone in 10 young, healthy volunteers. Testing occurred on three separate days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As expected, i.v. administration of scopolamine induced significant impairments in episodic memory and processing speed; however, these scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits were not attenuated by pretreatment with i.v. ondansetron (0.15 mg/kg), nor were they exacerbated by administration of i.v. m-CPP (0.8 mg/kg) in addition to scopolamine; however, administration of i.v. m-CPP was followed by a significant increase of self-rated functional impairment, altered self-reality, and dysphoria ratings, and scopolamine's effect on pupil size was potentiated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Together, these results suggest that in young, healthy volunteers scopolamine-induced changes of cognitive performance are only minimally modulated by the serotonergic effects on ondansetron and m-CPP. Further studies with older controls are needed to test whether these findings may be influenced by age.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1264, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Broocks
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Minichiello
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dubbert
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tune
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sunderland
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012016:Reference Values; D012601:Scopolamine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010879:Piperazines; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; D017294:Ondansetron; D012601:Scopolamine; C015068:1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine