title: Outcomes of primary trabeculectomy with the use of adjunctive mitomycin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive mitomycin when used during a primary trabeculectomy within a series of 89 consecutive patients at 1 and 2 years postoperatively.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort study of all patients who underwent primary trabeculectomy, performed by one of us (P.F.P.), between April 1, 1991, and December 31, 1994. Patients received topical mitomycin in conjunction with a corneal safety valve incision. A trabeculectomy was considered "successful" if it resulted in an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 21 mm Hg or lower and a 30% or greater reduction in the IOP at and after 1 year of follow-up, with or without medications and without a reoperation for an elevated IOP. Survival analysis was used to calculate success rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 1- and 2-year success rates were 85.4% and 77.9%, respectively. The mean IOP was reduced from 26.3 to 11.3 mm Hg at 1 year (n=68) and to 11.9 mm Hg at 2 years (n=56), with 60 (88.2%) of 68 patients off medication at 1 year and 47 (83.9%) of 56 patients off medication at 2 years. Trabeculectomy success rates were significantly lower in black compared with nonblack patients (76.2% vs 87.5% at 1 year, P=.03). Trabeculectomy failure occurred throughout the follow-up period. Endophthalmitis occurred in 2 (2.2%) of the patients, and hypotonia requiring revision occurred in 4 (4.5%) of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary trabeculectomy with the use of intraoperative mitomycin lowered the IOP by 30% or more in 78% (at 2 years) to 86% (at 1 year) of the cases and is associated with a marked reduction in the percentage of patients who require glaucoma medication. Success rates must be evaluated in light of such risks as endophthalmitis and hypotony.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Fla 33101-6880, USA.
authors.forename: I U
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Greenfield
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schiffman
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Nicolela
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rueda
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Palmberg
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000368:Aged; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D016685:Mitomycin