Influence of ethnic origin on respiratory distress syndrome in very premature infants.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is related to ethnic origin in very premature infants (< or = 32 weeks of gestational age and birthweight < or = 2.0 kg).


METHODS
A retrospective cohort study was performed to determine the incidence of respiratory disorders in African, Caribbean, and caucasian infants. An African infant was matched with two infants (one of Caribbean and one of caucasian descent) for gestational age and birth order and, if several eligible matching infants were found, for gender and approximate birth date. Fifty African infants (median gestational age 28 weeks, range 23-32) were matched with an infant of Caribbean and one of caucasian descent.


RESULTS
Compared with the incidence of RDS in African infants (40%), that in caucasian infants (75%) was significantly higher (p < 0.05), while the incidence in the Caribbean infants (54%) did not differ significantly. Regression analysis showed that ethnic origin was related to the occurrence of RDS independent of gestational age, size for dates, antenatal steroids, hypertension during pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes, maternal smoking, mode of delivery and infant gender.


CONCLUSIONS
The enhanced lung maturation found in certain ethnic groups, even when born prematurely, has implications for clinical management.
Kavvadia
V
V
Department of Child Health, King's College Hospital, London.
Greenough
A
A
Dimitriou
G
G
Hooper
R
R
D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D044383:Black People; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000208:ethnology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014900:West Indies / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People