title: Comprehensive needs assessment of clinical breast evaluation skills of primary care residents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Health care reform places primary care (PC) physicians in an increasingly significant role for breast cancer screening and diagnosis. This study assessed the adequacy of traditional PC resident training to prepare physicians for this front-line role.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight primary care residents, representing seven training programs, participated in a multidimensional needs assessment study of clinical breast evaluation skills.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Performance deficiencies noted in each component were most significant in (1) common breast problem management (problem-solving mean 44.51 +/- 11.01); (2) breast examination skills (mean 49.65 +/- 14.48%); and (3) lump detection sensitivity (mean 40.20 +/- 17.10%). Overall examination reliability was good (alpha = .82). Factorial ANOVA revealed significant performance differences among training programs. Residency programs with higher performance levels reported dedicated breast curricula, and residents rated these programs as providing more adequate training. Programs with poorer performance in breast examination lacked curriculum emphasis, with residents describing training received as poor to fair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated performance deficits in the clinical breast evaluation skills of graduating PC residents that have not been captured by traditional evaluation methodologies. This may represent a limitation in the ability of many PC physicians to effectively screen and diagnose patients with breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chalabian
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Formenti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dunnington
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods; D005194:Family Practice / Q000193:education*; D005260:Female; D018166:Health Care Reform; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D016544:Patient Simulation; D010808:Physical Examination; D011340:Problem Solving; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity