title: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: an unusual cause of encephalitic syndrome in childhood.
abstract: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is a rare central nervous system demyelinating disease that occurs most frequently in children. It usually runs a monophasic course, beginning with fever, headache, and meningeal signs and rapidly progressing to coma when appropriate diagnosis and treatment are not provided. We report a case of a 14-year-old patient to alert emergency physicians to consider acute disseminated encephalomyelitis when presented with any child with encephalitic signs with nonspecific cerebrospinal fluid findings, failure to detect any causative agent, and only mild alterations on computerized tomography scan. The role of magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis is emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Instituto De Infectologia Emílio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sztajnbok
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lignani
authors.forename: A U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Bresolin
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Marotto
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Seguro
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000209:etiology*; D004673:Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D003907:Dexamethasone