title: Platelet and neutrophil activation during cardiac surgical procedures: impact of cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Platelet and neutrophil activation plays a crucial role in reperfusion injury. To determine whether platelet and neutrophil activation occurs in the coronary circulation after cold cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion, we studied 22 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass or valve procedures, or both procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood was sampled from the coronary sinus and the radial artery (A) before bypass; (B) immediately after cross-clamp release; and (C) 5 minutes after cross-clamp release; and was analyzed for surface markers of platelet (CD62P) and neutrophil (CD11b) activation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During bypass, platelet activation increased significantly (p < 0.01) over prebypass values, but no difference was seen between arterial and coronary sinus samples. Neutrophil activation also increased significantly (p < 0.001) during bypass, but there was no difference between arterial and coronary sinus samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cellular activation occurs locally in the coronary circulation during bypass, but no more so after cold cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia Research Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Magnani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000502:physiology*