title: Effects of nasal administration of calcitonin in oophorectomized women: 2-year controlled double-blind study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the effects of nasal salmon calcitonin (SCT) administration on bone turnover in ovariectomized women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had undergone bilateral ovariectomy 7 days previously, received either calcium supplementation (1000 mg/day, together with nasal SCT (100 IU/day) (n = 19) or the same calcium supplementation together with a placebo intranasal spray daily (n = 19), for 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the calcium-only-treated subjects, lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) was found to have decreased significantly (P < 0.001), 6 months after surgery and remained at this level until the end of the study. In the SCT-treated group, BMD remained stable during the 1st year and then decreased gradually, reaching a statistically significant level in the 2nd year. Mean serum osteocalcin concentration was unchanged during the 1st year of SCT treatment but was significantly elevated during the 2nd year (P < 0.01). The observed rise in serum osteocalcin concentration and urinary hydroxyproline excretion during the 2nd year of treatment with SCT was accompanied by a significant rise in serum calcitonin levels (P < 0.001 after 18 months and P < 0.01 after 24 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that continuous treatment with intranasal SCT is able to prevent the bone loss that follows ovariectomy.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens, Areteion Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Grigoriou
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Papoulias
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vitoratos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Papadias
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konidaris
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Antoniou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chryssikopoulos
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000652:urine; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000652:urine; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010052:Ovariectomy; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D015675:Osteocalcin; C028815:salmon calcitonin; D002116:Calcitonin; D003404:Creatinine; D006909:Hydroxyproline; D002118:Calcium