title: Induction of pulmonary immunity in cattle by oral administration of ovalbumin in alginate microspheres.
abstract: Respiratory infectious diseases are an important cause of economic losses to the cattle industry. There is a need for an effective, easy to administer vaccine to the critical bacterial pathogens that cause pneumonia in cattle. An orally administered vaccine could be given to a large number of animals without significant stress to the animals and with minimal labor. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the oral administration of a model antigen (ovalbumin) in alginate microspheres could induce pulmonary immunity in cattle. Calves were vaccinated orally with ovalbumin (OVA) following either a subcutaneous (s.c.) or oral priming dose of OVA. Calves primed and boostered by oral administration (oral/oral) of OVA encapsulated in alginate microparticles had increased numbers of antigen-specific IgA ASCs (ASCs) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids. Calves that received a s.c. priming followed by an oral booster inoculation (s.c./oral) of OVA in alginate microspheres had a greater number of anti-OVA IgA, IgG1 and IgG2 ASCs in BALF. S.c./oral calves also had increased numbers of anti-OVA IgG1 ASCs in peripheral blood whereas oral/oral calves had none. S.c./oral calves had increased anti-OVA IgG1, IgG2, and IgA titers in BALF, and IgG1 and IgG2 in serum compared to both oral/oral and sham vaccinated calves. These results indicate that oral administration of antigen encapsulated in alginate microspheres results in a mucosal immune response in the respiratory tract of cattle. Furthermore, s.c. priming both enhanced the IgA response and stimulated an IgG1 and IgG2 response not seen in oral/oral calves. The difference in antibody isotype results suggest that design of the vaccination protocol can direct antibody responses as needed for a specific immunization program.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1243, USA.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Bowersock
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: HogenEsch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Torregrosa
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Borie
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000464:Alginates; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D008863:Microspheres; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D010047:Ovalbumin