title: 12-month Tai Chi training in the elderly: its effect on health fitness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) on health fitness in older individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight community-dwelling persons aged 58 to 70 yr completed this study. The TCC group included 9 men and 11 women; the control group included 9 men and 9 women. The TCC group practiced TCC for 11.2+/-1.4 months, with the attendance of 4.6+/-1.3 times x wk(-1). Each session included 20 min of warm-up, 24 min of TCC practice, and 10 min of cooldown. The exercise intensity was 52-63% of the heart rate range. Cardiorespiratory function, strength, flexibility, and percent of body fat were evaluated before and at the end of this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The male TCC group showed 16.1% increase in VO2max (P < 0.01), 11 degrees increase in thoracic/lumbar flexibility (P < 0.05), 18.1% increase in muscle strength of knee extensor (P < 0.01), and 15.4% increase of knee flexor (P < 0.05). The female TCC group showed 21.3% increase in VO2max (P < 0.01), 8.8 degrees increase in flexibility (P < 0.05), 20.3% increase in muscle strength of knee extensor (P < 0.05), and 15.9% increase of knee flexor (P < 0.05). The control group showed no significant change in these variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that a 12-month Tai Chi Chuan program is effective for improving health fitness of the elderly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D010809:Physical Fitness; D018583:Pliability; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012885:Skinfold Thickness