title: The importance of radiating leg pain in assessing health outcomes among patients with low back pain. Results from the Veterans Health Study.
abstract: METHODS
  Cross-sectional data were analyzed from the Veterans Health Study, an observational study of patients receiving ambulatory care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a method of stratifying patients with low back pain by combining patient reports of radiating leg pain with the results of straight leg raising tests.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Four hundred thirty-four participants with low back pain were identified through patient reports of ever having had low back pain, of low back pain that began more than 3 months ago, and of a health-care visit for low back pain in the past year. Four hundred twenty-eight patients with low back pain were included in the current analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were mailed a health-related quality of life questionnaire and had an interview that included a low back pain questionnaire and a straight leg raising test. Patients' reports of radiating leg pain and results of the straight leg raising tests were combined into four hierarchical groups. This stratification was evaluated in relation to responses to the health-related quality of life questionnaire, localized low back pain, disability, and use of medical services.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intensity of localized low back pain and disability increased from Group 1 (low back pain alone) to Group 4 (pain below knee with positive straight leg raising test result), whereas health-related quality of life decreased. Group 4 patients were 5.1 times more likely than were Group 1 patients to use medications for low back pain (95% confidence interval 1.2, 22.9), 6.8 times more likely to have a spinal magnetic resonance study (95% confidence interval, 2.7, 17.2), and 3.9 times more likely to have surgery (95% confidence interval, 1.3, 11.4).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method of measuring correlation performs well in identifying patients with different levels of localized low back pain intensity, health-related quality of life, and use of services. It may be useful in studies of health outcomes, in clinical trials, and in predicting demands on health care resources.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Quality, Outcomes, and Economic Research, Bedford Health Services Research and Development Field Program, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Selim
authors.forename: X S
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fincke
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Deyo
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Linzer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kazis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001416:Back Pain / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010045:Outpatients; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014728:Veterans