Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in patients who do not abuse intravenous drugs.
Despite advances in antimicrobial therapy and intensive care support, Staphylococcus aureus continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality. We studied community-acquired S. aureus bacteraemia in a population where intravenous drug abuse is extremely uncommon, prospectively reviewing all such patients (n = 113) admitted to Groote Schuur Hospital from February 1986 to January 1991. Overall mortality was 35%. Factors associated with poor outcome were: confusion on presentation, failure to mount a febrile response, acute renal failure, adult respiratory distress syndrome, shock, endocarditis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and platelet count of < 100 x 10(9)/l. Only confusion, acute renal failure and shock were independently associated with death by stepwise regression analysis. Skin infections were the most commonly identified source of bacteraemia (22%), but in 58% of patients the source was not determined. Twenty-six percent of patients were diabetic. Almost all patients (90%) developed one or more complications. In those who survived, therapy was generally prolonged, with a median of 70 days and range of 7-393 days, depending on the associated complications. Community-acquired S. aureus bacteraemia is a serious condition associated with a high complication rate and mortality.
Willcox
P A
PA
Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, South Africa. pwillcox@uctgshl.uct.ac.za
Rayner
B L
BL
Whitelaw
D A
DA
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000150:complications; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D002648:Child; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D003221:Confusion / Q000150:complications; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D012307:Risk Factors; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000150:complications; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus; D013997:Time Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents