title: Role of endogenous endothelin-1 in stress-induced gastric mucosal damage and acid secretion in rats.
abstract: In rats subjected to 8 h water-immersion stress, gastric and duodenal mucosal hemorrhage and erosions were detected by macroscopic and histopathological examination. Moreover, plasma and gastric mucosal endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels rose appreciably in a time-related manner during water immersion, with a higher concentration detected in gastric mucosa. Thus, the percentage increases in plasma (gastric mucosal) ET-1, relative to basal levels, after 1, 4 and 8 h of water immersion were 86(172), 169(322) and 210(391)%, respectively. Likewise, a marked increase of gastric acid output was demonstrated 30 min after water immersion and lasted for 3 h. Pretreatment with the endothelin ET(A)/ET(B) receptor blocker, bosentan (30 and 100 mg kg(-1)), orally, dose-dependently antagonized gastric and duodenal mucosal damage as indicated by reductions in lesion lengths of 67 and 80%, respectively. Similar protective effects on mucosa were observed when bosentan was given by the intramuscular route. On the other hand, bosentan suppressed the rate of acid output by 30.3+/-2.1% in the stressed rats, but had no such effect in non-stressed animals. Taken together, results from this study implicate the endogenous peptide, ET-1, as a powerful mediator of stress-evoked gastro-duodenal mucosal damage and, moreover, present bosentan as a potential protector against hyperacidity and mucosal erosion that occur as a consequence of stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Said
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: El-Mowafy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077300:Bosentan; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000032:analysis*; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D010438:Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D019332:Endothelin-1; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000077300:Bosentan