title: Grain sorghum dust increases macromolecular efflux from the in situ nasal mucosa.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether an aqueous extract of grain sorghum dust increases macromolecular efflux from the nasal mucosa in vivo and, if so, whether this response is mediated, in part, by substance P. Suffusion of grain sorghum dust extract on the in situ nasal mucosa of anesthetized hamsters elicits a significant increase in clearance of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (FITC-dextran; mol mass, 70 kDa; P < 0.05). This response is significantly attenuated by CP-96345 and RP-67580, two selective, but structurally distinct, nonpeptide neurokinin 1 (substance P)-receptor antagonists, but not by CP-96344, the 2R,3R enantiomer of CP-96345 (P < 0.05). CP-96345 has no significant effects on adenosine-induced increase in clearance of FITC-dextran from the in situ nasal mucosa. CP-96345 and RP-67580, but not CP-96344, significantly attenuate substance P-induced increases in clearance of FITC-dextran from the in situ nasal mucosa (P < 0.05). Collectively, these data suggest that grain sorghum dust elicits neurogenic plasma exudation from the in situ nasal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
authors.forename: X P
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D006224:Cricetinae; D003911:Dextrans / Q000378:metabolism; D004391:Dust / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D054833:Isoindoles; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; D013373:Substance P / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D003911:Dextrans; D004391:Dust; D007211:Indoles; D054833:Isoindoles; D064729:Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; C015219:fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran; C071693:7,7-diphenyl-2-(1-imino-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)perhydroisoindol-4-one; D013373:Substance P; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; C066892:CP 96345