title: Plasma homovanillic acid and the dopamine transporter during cocaine withdrawal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plasma homovanillic acid (HVA) has been used as a measure of central dopaminergic activity but the validity of this method continues to be investigated. We used single photon emission tomography (SPECT) assessment of the dopamine (DA) transporter for comparison with plasma HVA in subjects at varying stages of abstinence from cocaine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen subjects were studied in two separate treatment sites. Plasma HVA and methoxyhydroxyphenethyleneglycol (MHPG) were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The DA transporter was quantified using the SPECT ligand [123I]B-CIT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 2 weeks of abstinence and beyond there was an increasing positive correlation between plasma HVA and the SPECT measurement of the DA transporter (V3").
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma HVA may be more likely to reflect DA transporter density in the striatum when there is not a major drug-related change in the DA system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Malison
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Seibyl
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kosten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009294:Narcotics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009294:Narcotics; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; D003042:Cocaine; D004298:Dopamine; D006719:Homovanillic Acid