title: Efficacy of a food plant-based oral cholera toxin B subunit vaccine.
abstract: Transgenic potatoes were engineered to synthesize a cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) pentamer with affinity for GMI-ganglioside. Both serum and intestinal CTB-specific antibodies were induced in orally immunized mice. Mucosal antibody titers declined gradually after the last immunization but were restored following an oral booster of transgenic potato. The cytopathic effect of cholera holotoxin (CT) on Vero cells was neutralized by serum from mice immunized with transgenic potato tissues. Following intraileal injection with CT, the plant-immunized mice showed up to a 60% reduction in diarrheal fluid accumulation in the small intestine. Protection against CT was based on inhibition of enterotoxin binding to the cell-surface receptor GMI-ganglioside. These results demonstrate the ability of transgenic food plants to generate protective immunity in mice against a bacterial enterotoxin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA 92350, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Langridge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D002771:Cholera / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000378:metabolism; D007106:Immune Sera; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000235:genetics; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014709:Vero Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D007106:Immune Sera; D014612:Vaccines; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; D002772:Cholera Toxin