title: Establishing morphine and U-50,488H as discriminative stimuli in a three-choice assay with pigeons.
abstract: Pigeons were trained in a 3-choice assay to discriminate among injections of 5.6 mg/kg U-50,488H, 5.6 mg/kg morphine, and vehicle solution. In dose-response tests, subjects rarely responded on the U-50,488H-appropriate key when morphine was administered or on the morphine-appropriate key when they received U-50,488H. A high dose of naltrexone (1.0 mg/kg) completely blocked the morphine cue but failed to block completely the U-50,488H cue. In generalization tests, d-amphetamine primarily engendered saline-appropriate responding. Ethylketazocine produced mixed results, in that moderate doses produced responding on both the morphine- and U-50,488H-appropriate keys, but 3.2 mg/kg engendered primarily morphine-appropriate responding. These results demonstrate the feasibility, but not necessarily the value, of 3-choice discrimination procedures involving mu and kappa agonists and vehicle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport 71130-3932, USA. mmakha@nomvs.lsumc.edu
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Makhay
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poling
mesh_terms: D019900:3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D010856:Columbidae; D003913:Dextroamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016314:Ethylketocyclazocine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005794:Generalization, Response / Q000187:drug effects; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009294:Narcotics; D016314:Ethylketocyclazocine; D009271:Naltrexone; D019900:3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; D009020:Morphine; D003913:Dextroamphetamine