title: A phosphatase activity in Xenopus oocyte extracts preferentially dephosphorylates the MPM-2 epitope.
abstract: MPM-2 antigens are a large family of mitotic phosphoproteins that contain similar phosphoepitopes recognized by the anti-phosphoepitope antibody MPM-2 (MPM-2 epitopes). These proteins are phosphorylated during M phase induction and dephosphorylated from the onset of anaphase through interphase. Since biochemical characterization of the MPM-2 epitope phosphatase requires a specific assay for its activity, we tested different methods for measurement of the MPM-2 epitope phosphatase activity in crude cell lysates. First, an ELISA-based assay was designed that measured the phosphatase-induced reduction of the MPM-2 reactivity in crude M phase cell lysates. Using this assay to follow the phosphatase activity during sequential chromatography of Xenopus oocyte extracts, one predominant peak of phosphatase activity was detected which was separated from the majority of PP1 and PP2A activities. This phosphatase activity dephosphorylated the MPM-2 epitope on multiple MPM-2 antigens. The second method measured dephosphorylation of cdc25, a known MPM-2 antigen. Two major peaks of cdc25 dephosphorylating activities were detected during the sequential chromatography, one that copurified with the major peak of MPM-2 epitope phosphatase activity, and the other with the major peak of PP2A activity. Finally, we examined whether GST-MPM2, a fusion protein between glutathione S-transferase and a 19-residue peptide that contained two representative MPM-2 epitope sequences, could be dephosphorylated efficiently and specifically by the major MPM-2 epitope phosphatase activity in Xenopus oocyte extracts. Neither the crude extract nor the partially purified MPM-2 epitope phosphatase activity efficiently dephosphorylated the MPM-2 epitope on GST-MPM2. These results demonstrate that the ELISA-based assay preferentially detects the MPM-2 epitope phosphatase activity in crude cell lysates which may represent a physiological MPM-2 epitope phosphatase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Investigation, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Che
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nelman-Gonzalez
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stukenberg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D000939:Epitopes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008938:Mitosis; D009865:Oocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014981:Xenopus; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D000939:Epitopes; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases