title: Effects of intranasal administration of recombinant murine interferon-gamma on murine acute myocarditis caused by encephalomyocarditis virus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Viral myocarditis has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy as well as acute myocarditis. Among the antiviral therapies, interferons (IFNs) have been widely studied and become very important in clinical practice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To investigate the possibilities of IFN therapy in viral myocarditis, we analyzed the effects of recombinant murine interferon (mIFN)-gamma and natural mIFN-alpha/beta by the intranasal and intramuscular routes on the development of acute murine myocarditis caused by encephalomyocarditis virus. Both mIFN-gamma and mIFN-alpha/beta treatment by either route significantly increased the survival rate; none of the mIFN-gamma-treated mice died. The effect of mIFN-gamma was significantly greater than that of mIFN-alpha/beta. Furthermore, intranasal administration of mIFN-gamma significantly suppressed virus replication and inflammation in the heart.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data demonstrate that IFN therapy, especially intranasal administration of IFN-gamma, dramatically improved the prognosis of acute murine viral myocarditis by suppressing virus replication and raises the possibility of antiviral therapy with IFN-gamma in patients with acute myocarditis.
authors.affiliation: Microbiological Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibamori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seko
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D018188:Cardiovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D004686:Encephalomyocarditis virus / Q000502:physiology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051379:Mice; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma