title: Neither intact nor hydrolyzed soy proteins elicit intestinal inflammation in neonatal piglets.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Efficacy of feeding hydrolyzed soy proteins to infants intolerant to cow milk proteins has not been determined fully. This study compared growth and intestinal responses of neonatal piglets fed formulas with hydrolyzed soy protein to piglets fed formulas with intact soy or cow milk (casein-whey) proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  Piglets (n = 40, day 2 postpartum) were fed commercial milk replacer until day 7 postpartum (designated day 0) and then were assigned randomly to casein-whey (CW) or soy (intact, SI; hydrolyzed SH) formulas to evaluate intestinal responses on days 0, 2, 5, and 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average daily gain was higher for CW (121 g/d; p < .05) compared with SI piglets 85 g/d); SH pig weight gain was intermediate (109 g/d). Villus height-to-crypt depth ratio in proximal jejunum was lower (p < .05) on day 2 than day 0 in soy-fed pigs and lower (p < .05) on day 5 than day 0 in CW pigs. Mucosal mast cells were generally higher in CW pigs compared with soy-fed pigs. Villus goblet cell numbers in the midjejunum of SH-fed piglets were lower (p < .05) on day 5 compared with day 0. On day 5, crypt goblet cell numbers were higher (p < .05) in the midjejunum of CW-fed piglets compared with SH-fed piglets with numbers intermediate for SI-fed piglets. Intestinal differences were not detected among dietary treatments for major histocompatibility complex class I and II gene expression, tissue concentrations of prostaglandin E2, or CD8+ T-cell numbers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydrolyzed soy proteins do not elicit intestinal inflammatory responses in piglets and may be viable alternatives to milk and intact soy proteins for feeding infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: McCracken
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Zijlstra
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Donovan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Odle
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Gaskins
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004751:Enteritis / Q000209:etiology; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007579:Jejunal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000166:cytology; D011897:Random Allocation; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D015232:Dinoprostone