Surgery in Sweden.
Sweden has 9 university and regional hospitals and about 75 county hospitals. These hospitals are funded by counties that directly tax their inhabitants. In addition, the university hospitals use state money for education and research. The private sector performing major surgical procedures is small but slowly increasing. Reorganizations and closings of smaller hospitals are continually occurring, and various organizational models are being tested. Surgical care for inpatients is free for Swedish citizens; however, there is a small fee for outpatient care (US $10-$20 per visit). Education in surgery is changing rapidly with the introduction of new methods. Clinical research closely connected to basic sciences will be of profound importance for future development. The present article is confined mainly to general surgery in Sweden, but it also covers some general aspects of medicine in Sweden.
Hamberger
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Department of Surgical Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education / Q000266:history / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000639:trends; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D008318:Malpractice; D013548:Sweden