title: A spit tobacco cessation intervention for college athletes: three-month results.
abstract: Sixteen colleges were matched on the baseline prevalence of spit tobacco (ST) use, and college pairs were randomized, one to the intervention and the other to the control group. Baseball and football athletes at each intervention college received: an oral examination by a dental professional who pointed out ST-related problems in the athlete's mouth and advised him to quit ST use; counseling by a dental hygienist on strategies to cope with cravings and triggers for use; and two follow-up telephone calls. At the three-month follow-up, quit rates were 24% and 16% for the intervention (n = 171) and control (n = 189) groups, respectively (p < 0.05). As the reported amount of ST used weekly increased, the percent of individuals who quit at 3 mos decreased (p < 0.05). Dental professionals appear to be effective in promoting spit tobacco cessation at 3 mos post-intervention in male college athletes, especially among those using lesser amounts of ST.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Public Health and Hygiene, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0754, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Masouredis
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Hilton
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grady
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chesney
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hengl
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ernster
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001484:Baseball; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005538:Football; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D013177:Sports; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless