title: Functions of the two glutamate transporters GLAST and GLT-1 in the retina.
abstract: In the retina, the glutamate transporter GLAST is expressed in Müller cells, whereas the glutamate transporter GLT-1 is found only in cones and various types of bipolar cells. To investigate the functional role of this differential distribution of glutamate transporters, we have analyzed GLAST and GLT-1 mutant mice. In GLAST-deficient mice, the electroretinogram b-wave and oscillatory potentials are reduced and retinal damage after ischemia is exacerbated, whereas GLT-1-deficient mice show almost normal electroretinograms and mild increased retinal damage after ischemia. These results demonstrate that GLAST is required for normal signal transmission between photoreceptors and bipolar cells and that both GLAST and GLT-1 play a neuroprotective role during ischemia in the retina.
authors.affiliation: Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakagawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okuyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watase
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D027322:Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D001692:Biological Transport; D004596:Electroretinography; D007511:Ischemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D027322:Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; D000906:Antibodies; D010446:Peptide Fragments