title: Herbal medicine Sho-saiko-to (TJ-9) prevents liver fibrosis and enzyme-altered lesions in rat liver cirrhosis induced by a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A herbal medicine, Sho-saiko-to (TJ-9), has recently been orally administered to patients with chronic liver disease in Japan and has been reported to inhibit the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TJ-9 has an inhibitory effect on the development of preneoplastic lesions and liver fibrosis in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of the TJ-9 were examined using the choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet-induced liver fibrosis model in 16-week-old male Wistar rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TJ-9 (1% w/w) prevented fibrosis, as indicated by reduced hydroxyproline content in the liver and inhibition of the increase in a serum marker of fibrosis (hyaluronic acid), without reducing the increase in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. TJ-9 also reduced the expression of type III procollagen alpha 1 mRNA in the liver, as well as the proliferation of myofibroblast-like cells (activated stellate cells, activated Ito cells). Furthermore, TJ-9 reduced the number of preneoplastic lesions, detected as enzyme-altered (glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive) lesions, in the liver.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the herbal medicine Sho-saiko-to (TJ-9) prevents fibrosis as well as preneoplastic lesions, not by inhibiting hepatocyte cell death but by inhibiting the activation of stellate cells, which are considered to be the main collagen-producing cells, leading to a reduction in the development of preneoplastic lesions.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sakaida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishige
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okita
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002796:Choline Deficiency / Q000150:complications*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008106:Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C018142:saiko-keishi-to; D006909:Hydroxyproline