title: Different effects of white and red wine on lower esophageal sphincter pressure and gastroesophageal reflux.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  White wine and beer induce gastroesophageal reflux (GER). We investigated the effects of white and red wine on lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) and GER.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty healthy volunteers received 300 ml white wine, red wine, or water together with a standardized meal. The LESP was continuously monitored with a Dent sleeve the 1st h postprandially, and the esophageal pH measured with a glass pH electrode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LESP was decreased after intake of white wine (median, 14.9 mmHg; range, 5.6-19.5 mmHg) compared with red wine (20.4 mmHg; 13.1-22.3 mmHg; P < 0.05) and tap water (19.5 mmHg; 16.2-29.1 mmHg; P < 0.01). The fraction time esophageal pH <4 was increased after both alcoholic beverages compared with tap water (0.9%; 0.2-5.8%; P < 0.01 versus white wine, P < 0.05 versus red wine) with a greater fraction time after white wine (13.2; 0.3-58.1 ) than after red wine (2.3; 0.7-24.4; P < 0.05). The decreased sphincter pressure after white wine was accompanied by a change in the reflux pattern with increased 'stress reflux' and the occurrence of 'free reflux'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  White wine and red wine exert different effects on LESP and GER.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pehl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wendl
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaess
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D010528:Peristalsis / Q000187:drug effects; D014920:Wine / Q000009:adverse effects*