title: Rex-1, a gene encoding a transcription factor expressed in the early embryo, is regulated via Oct-3/4 and Oct-6 binding to an octamer site and a novel protein, Rox-1, binding to an adjacent site.
abstract: The Rex-1 (Zfp-42) gene, which encodes an acidic zinc finger protein, is expressed at high levels in embryonic stem (ES) and F9 teratocarcinoma cells. Prior analysis identified an octamer motif in the Rex-1 promoter which is required for promoter activity in undifferentiated F9 cells and is involved in retinoic acid (RA)-associated reduction in expression. We show here that the Oct-3/4 transcription factor, but not Oct-1, can either activate or repress the Rex-1 promoter, depending on the cellular environment. Rex-1 repression is enhanced by E1A. The protein domain required for Oct-3/4 activation was mapped to amino acids 1 to 35, whereas the domain required for Oct-3/4 repression was mapped to amino acids 61 to 126, suggesting that the molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional activation and repression differ. Like Oct-3/4, Oct-6 can also lower the expression of the Rex-1 promoter via the octamer site, and the amino-terminal portion of Oct-6 mediates this repression. In addition to the octamer motif, a novel positive regulatory element, located immediately 5' of the octamer motif, was identified in the Rex-1 promoter. Mutations in this element greatly reduce Rex-1 promoter activity in F9 cells. High levels of a binding protein(s), designated Rox-1, recognize this novel DNA element in F9 cells, and this binding activity is reduced following RA treatment. Taken together, these results indicate that the Rex-1 promoter is regulated by specific octamer family members in early embryonic cells and that a novel element also contributes to Rex-1 expression.
authors.affiliation: Hubert H. Humphrey Center for Experimental Medicine and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ben-Shushan
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Gudas
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bergman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D019556:COS Cells; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; D050816:Octamer Transcription Factor-6; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; C083348:ROX1 protein, S cerevisiae; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D050816:Octamer Transcription Factor-6