title: The effects of ipratropium bromide on histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in subjects with cervical spinal cord injury.
abstract: Previously, we reported that a majority of subjects with chronic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) demonstrated airway hyperreactivity in response to inhaled methacholine. To further investigate mechanisms of airway hyperreactivity, 15 male subjects with cervical SCI were challenged with aerosolized histamine, and on a separate day responders were rechallenged 30 min after the inhalation of 72 micrograms of ipratropium bromide. Twelve of 15 subjects demonstrated airway hyperresponsiveness to histamine (geometric mean PC20 of 1.27 mg/ml), which was not blocked by pretreatment with ipratropium bromide (geometric mean PC20 1.50 mg/ml). Baseline forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec were not significantly different between responders and nonresponders (2.8 +/- 0.6 vs. 3.0 +/- 0.4 L and 2.3 +/- 0.6 vs. 2.4 +/- 0.2 L, respectively). Findings that subjects with cervical SCI are hyperresponsive to methacholine and histamine, chemical agents with direct action through distinct receptor systems, suggest that bronchial hyperreactivity in these subjects represents a nonspecific process similar to that observed in patients with asthma.
authors.affiliation: Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Fein
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Grimm
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lesser
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Almenoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006632:Histamine; D006801:Humans; D009241:Ipratropium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013147:Spirometry
chemical_list: D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D006632:Histamine; D009241:Ipratropium