Effect of gastric acid suppressants on human gastric motility.
BACKGROUND
The effect of histamine H2 receptor antagonists on gastric emptying is controversial.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the effects of ranitidine, famotidine, and omeprazole on gastric motility and emptying.


METHODS
Fifteen normal subjects underwent simultaneous antroduodenal manometry, electrogastrography (EGG), and gastric emptying with dynamic antral scintigraphy (DAS). After 30 minutes of fasting manometry and EGG recording, subjects received either intravenous saline, ranitidine, or famotidine, followed by another 30 minutes recording and then three hours of postprandial recording after ingestion of a radiolabelled meal. Images were obtained every 10-15 minutes for three hours to measure gastric emptying and assess antral contractility. Similar testing was performed after omeprazole 20 mg daily for one week.


RESULTS
Fasting antral phase III migrating motor complexes (MMCs) were more common after ranitidine (9/15 subjects, 60%), famotidine (12/15, 80%), and omeprazole (8/12, 67%) compared with placebo (4/14, 29%; p < 0.05). Postprandially, ranitidine, famotidine, and omeprazole slowed gastric emptying, increased the amplitude of DAS contractions, increased the EGG power, and increased the antral manometric motility index.


CONCLUSIONS
Suppression of gastric acid secretion with therapeutic doses of gastric acid suppressants is associated with delayed gastric emptying but increased antral motility.
Parkman
H P
HP
Department of Medicine and Nuclear Medicine Section, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA.
Urbain
J L
JL
Knight
L C
LC
Brown
K L
KL
Trate
D M
DM
Miller
M A
MA
Maurer
A H
AH
Fisher
R S
RS
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004576:Electromyography; D015738:Famotidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013270:Stomach / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D015738:Famotidine; D011899:Ranitidine; D009853:Omeprazole