title: Activation of rat androgen receptor by androgenic ligands is unaffected by antiandrogens in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: The E. coli lacZ has been utilized as a reporter to evaluate ligand-mediated activation of the rat androgen receptor (AR) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain YCR1. beta-galactosidase activity was androgen-specific and was found to be inducible approximately 260-fold by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), testosterone and R1881. None of the antiandrogens tested was able to antagonize the DHT-dependent induction of beta-galactosidase activity. In the gel retardation assay, exposure of the receptor to DHT in vitro led to the formation of a protein-DNA complex that was not detected in yeast extracts unexposed to hormone. However, activation of AR by a steroidal (cyproterone acetate) and a non-steroidal antiandrogen (flutamide) either alone or in combination with DHT also results in a similar migration pattern. Additionally, LEM1, the ABC transporter that selectively modulates the biological potency of steroids in yeast, although operative in YCR1, was not responsible for antiandrogen resistance. These results thus indicate the involvement of other non-receptor factor(s) in mediating the effect of antiandrogens in yeast.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160 036, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bisht
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Chakraborti
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000728:Androgens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D017931:DNA Primers; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015741:Metribolone / Q000494:pharmacology; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D017354:Point Mutation; D051381:Rats; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D000728:Androgens; D017931:DNA Primers; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D015741:Metribolone; D013739:Testosterone; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate; D001616:beta-Galactosidase