title: Radon measurements and mitigation at a fish hatchery.
abstract: Groundwater radon concentration of 83 Bq L(-1) generated indoor radon levels exceeding 3,300 Bq m(-3) at a commercial fish hatchery. Passive and active mitigation strategies to reduce the waterborne radon levels included a packed column, a waterfall through perforated grates, surface aeration, and bottom bubblers. Waterborne concentrations were reduced up to 83% using a combination of mitigation procedures, but a comparable reduction in indoor radon concentrations was not observed. A diurnal cycle showed that indoor radon levels peaked in early afternoon, probably as a result of warmer air being dissolved in the water during mitigation. Reduction of indoor radon levels below 148 Bq m(-3) was seldom achievable with both water mitigation and direct air ventilation at 23 room air changes hourly.
authors.affiliation: Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany 12209, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kitto
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Kunz
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McNulty
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Covert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuhland
mesh_terms: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D005399:Fishes; D006801:Humans; D009518:New York; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control; D011886:Radon / Q000032:analysis*; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D011886:Radon