title: Evaluation of left atrial filling using systolic pulmonary venous flow velocity measurements in patients with atrial fibrillation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pattern of pulmonary venous flow velocity is useful for understanding the hemodynamic relationship between the left atrium and left ventricle in patients with a variety of diseases, and the systolic flow wave, in particular, is considered a clinically important parameter that reflects left atrial filling.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study was undertaken to determine whether systolic pulmonary venous flow velocity patterns can be used to evaluate left atrial filling in patients with atrial fibrillation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed transesophageal pulsed Doppler echocardiography and cardiac catheterization in 34 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (10 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 5 with dilated cardiomyopathy, 7 with previous myocardial infarction, and 12 with isolated atrial fibrillation) and 15 normal controls in sinus rhythm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, V-wave height in the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure curve, and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure were significantly higher in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated failing heart (previous myocardial infarction and dilated cardiomyopathy) groups than in the isolated atrial fibrillation and normal groups. The peak velocity and time-velocity integral of the systolic pulmonary venous flow velocity, and percent left atrial emptying fraction were significantly lower in the dilated failing heart group than in the isolated atrial fibrillation, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and normal groups. The peak velocity and time-velocity integral of the systolic pulmonary venous flow velocity, percent left atrial emptying fraction, and V-wave height were comparatively constant when the preceding R-R intervals were relatively stable in the isolated atrial fibrillation group and in 4 of the 10 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. However, changes in these variables correlated with the preceding R-R interval in all patients with dilated failing hearts and in 6 of the 10 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transesophageal pulsed Doppler echocardiographic measurements of systolic pulmonary venous flow velocity are valid indicators of left atrial filling in patients with atrial fibrillation.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakatsuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Onose
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iuchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016279:Atrial Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D018619:Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*