title: Epidemiology of hospitalization for near-drowning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although drowning is the third leading cause of accidental death among children less than 4 years of age, few studies have described the hospitalization of near-drowning victims. Our study emphasizes the local epidemiology and charges associated with pediatric hospitalization in cases of near-drowning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data regarding time, place, injury severity, circumstances, outcome, and hospital charges were collected by retrospective medical record review. Cross tabulation of datasets with descriptive statistical analysis was done using R:Base System V.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1987 and 1991, 53 victims of near-drowning were admitted or transferred to Children's Hospital of Alabama in Birmingham. Thirty-three of the incidents occurred during the months of June, July, and August; 32 occurred in pools, 11 in lakes and rivers, 6 in bathtubs, 3 in mop buckets, and 1 in a cesspool. The mean hospital stay was 8 days (combined total, 439 days), accounting for total charges of $749,507 (mean $14,141). Outcomes included 15 deaths, 5 discharges with neurologic sequelae, and 33 discharges without sequelae. Private insurance covered 31 patients, 7 were Medicaid patients, and 15 had no coverage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Near-drowning injuries have high case fatality rates, a high case sequelae rate, and high hospitalization charges.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000407:Alabama / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics; D015701:Near Drowning / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies