title: International, multicentre, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effectiveness of ondansetron vs. metoclopramide in the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.
abstract: Ondansetron 4 mg was compared with metoclopramide 10 mg for prevention of post-operative nausea and emesis in in-patients undergoing major gynaecological surgery in this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicentre study. A total of 1044 patients received a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of study medication immediately before induction of anaesthesia. Nausea and emesis were assessed over the 24 h post-operative period. Significantly more patients who received ondansetron experienced no emetic episodes (44%) compared with those who received metoclopramide (37%, P = 0.049) or placebo (25%, P < 0.001). No nausea was experienced by significantly more patients who received ondansetron (32%) than with patients who received metoclopramide (24%, P = 0.009) or placebo (16%, P < 0.001). In addition, fewer emetic episodes, less severe nausea and a reduced need for rescue antiemetics were also observed with ondansetron (P < 0.05 vs. metoclopramide and placebo). Metoclopramide and placebo-treated patients were also 1.5 times (95% Cl 1.5-4.2) and 2.5 times (95% Cl 1.1-2.0) more likely, respectively, to experience nausea post-operatively. Overall, ondansetron was the most effective antiemetic in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthetics, Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend, Mid Glamorgan, UK.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aune
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Feiss
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hasselstrøm
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Maltby
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Rocke
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rozenberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rust
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D017294:Ondansetron; D008787:Metoclopramide