title: Oral and nonoral sources of halitosis.
abstract: Oral malodor (halitosis, bad breath) is a condition affecting millions of Americans. In healthy individuals complaining of bad breath, the mouth is the main source of their oral malodor, more specifically the posterior dorsum of the tongue. Nonoral sources should also be considered. It is always easy to recognize halitosis, but identifying the exact cause is more complex.
authors.affiliation: Section of Diagnostic Sciences and Orofacial Pain, University of California, Los Angeles School of Dentistry, USA.
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Messadi
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006209:Halitosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000150:complications; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D014059:Tongue / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds