title: Acute stress causes skin ulceration in striped bass and hybrid bass (Morone).
abstract: Exposure of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and hybrid bass (M. saxatilis female x Morone chrysops male) to an acute (2-hour) confinement stress caused skin ulceration on the fins but not on the body of all confined fish. Striped bass displayed more severe lesions than did hybrid bass. Histologically, lesions had varying degrees of epithelial erosion and ulceration, which was most severe at the distal portion of the fins. Ulceration was associated with dermal and hypodermal edema and necrosis of the remaining stromal tissue and tips of bone in the fin rays. No hemorrhage or thrombosis was present to suggest any obvious vascular derangement. No evidence was found for either trauma or an infectious agent initiating the lesions. Injecting fish with epinephrine caused a similar response, although the degree of ulceration was less severe. These findings may explain why many opportunistic skin pathogens can rapidly develop into serious infections in fish.
authors.affiliation: North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh 27606, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Noga
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Botts
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Avtalion
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001492:Bass; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D003441:Crowding / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D015994:Incidence; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D004837:Epinephrine