title: Spontaneous dural carotid cavernous sinus fistula presenting isolated ophthalmoplegia: evaluation with MR angiography.
abstract: We describe three patients with spontaneous dural carotid cavernous sinus fistula presenting an isolated ophthalmoplegia where magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated abnormal flow-related enhancements in the cavernous sinus with extension into the inferior petrosal sinus. Magnetic resonance angiography is of value in evaluation of patients with isolated ophthalmoplegia.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Service, Hyogo Brain and Heart Center at Himeji, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tabuchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002426:Cavernous Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000098:blood supply; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged