title: Prognostic factors in cirrhotic patients receiving long-term sclerotherapy for the first bleeding from oesophageal varices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors in cirrhotic patients receiving long-term sclerotherapy for their first bleeding from oesophageal varices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-eight patients with acute bleeding from oesophageal varices receiving long-term endoscopic injection sclerotherapy were retrospectively investigated. Thirteen variables (five qualitative and eight quantitative) related to clinical, biological, and radiographic features were collected at admission. The qualitative variables were: gender, hepatocellular carcinoma, cause of cirrhosis, ascites and degree of encephalopathy. The quantitative variables were age, bilirubin, albumin, prothrombin index, number of sessions of sclerotherapy, volume of ethanolamine oleate, time taken to reach the hospital and shock index. These variables were examined with a multivariate analysis using stepwise logistic regression procedures and a prognostic index was calculated from the Cox equation. The predictive power of the final Cox model was prospectively tested in 43 patients with cirrhosis receiving long-term sclerotherapy for their first variceal bleeding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 13 variables studied in a multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model, four had an independent prognostic value: the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma, bilirubin, albumin and time taken to reach the hospital. When the Cox model was examined in an independent set of 43 patients, there were no statistically significant differences between the observed and expected survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prognosis of patients with bleeding from oesophageal varices is related to residual liver function and time taken to reach the hospital. Furthermore, the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma is an additional risk factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwao
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oho
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toyonaga
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanikawa
mesh_terms: D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D016019:Survival Analysis