title: White ball appearance in endoscopic ligation of bleeding esophageal varices.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic variceal ligation is useful in the control of bleeding from esophageal varices. However, confirmation of ligation precisely at the site of bleeding is usually difficult when treating massive variceal bleeding. Characteristic endoscopic findings that appeared when ligation was performed at the site of bleeding are reported in this article.
  
  
  METHODS
  Emergency endoscopic variceal ligation was performed in 14 patients with active bleeding from esophageal varices. Endoscopic findings after variceal ligation at the site of bleeding were compared with those at sites without bleeding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Active bleeding ceased just after endoscopic ligation at the site of bleeding in all patients. After ligation of the bleeding site of the varix, an unusual white-colored ball-like appearance (white ball appearance) was observed in all patients. This finding was markedly different from the purple-colored ball-like appearance that is usually observed after ligation of a varix at a site without bleeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  White ball appearance was a characteristic finding that appeared after ligation of a varix at the site of bleeding. This finding may be useful in the confirmation of successful ligation of a varix at its bleeding site.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, Chiba University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsutani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umebara
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mitsuhashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuzawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizumoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saisho
mesh_terms: D004638:Emergency Treatment; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000601:surgery*; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000601:surgery*; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods