VEGF upregulates ecNOS message, protein, and NO production in human endothelial cells.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelium-specific secreted protein that potently stimulates vasodilation, microvascular hyperpermeability, and angiogenesis. Nitric oxide (NO) is also reported to modulate vascular tone, permeability, and capillary growth. Therefore, we hypothesized that VEGF might regulate endothelial production of NO. The production of nitrogen oxides by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was measured after 1, 12, 24, and 48 h of incubation with VEGF. VEGF treatment resulted in both an acute (1 h) and chronic (> 24 h) stimulation of NO production. Furthermore, Western and Northern blotting revealed a VEGF-elicited, dose-dependent increase in the cellular content of endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) message and protein that may account for the chronic upregulation of NO production elicited by VEGF. Finally, endothelial cells pretreated with VEGF for 24 h and subsequently exposed to A-23187 for 1 h produced NO at approximately twice the rate of cells that were not pretreated with VEGF. We conclude that VEGF upregulates ecNOS enzyme and elicits a biphasic stimulation of endothelial NO production.
Hood
J D
JD
Microcirculation Research Institute, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station 77843-1114, USA.
Meininger
C J
CJ
Ziche
M
M
Granger
H J
HJ
D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D002118:Calcium