title: Typical homicide ritual of the Italian Mafia (incaprettamento)
abstract: Certain methods of homicide used by the Italian Mafia are intended to have an admonitory significance. One such method is the so-called "incaprettamento." This study analyzes 18 cases of homicidal ligature strangulation in which the body was found in this typical position. The circumstances of the crime and the macroscopic and microscopic evidence were evaluated to determine whether or not the ligatures on the wrists and ankles were placed antemortem or postmortem.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fineschi
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Dell'Erba
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Paolo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Procaccianti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D001237:Asphyxia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D003288:Contusions / Q000473:pathology; D003415:Crime; D006708:Homicide; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D014104:Torture; D014954:Wrist Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*