title: Mature teratoma identified after postchemotherapy surgery in patients with disseminated nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors: a plea for an aggressive surgical approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mature teratoma is often found in resected retroperitoneal residual tumor masses (RRTM) after chemotherapy for disseminated nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors (NSTGCT). The aim of this report is to describe the clinical course of patients after resection of residual teratoma, with particular emphasis on relapse with either growing mature teratoma or secondary non-germ cell malignancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the period 1979-1995, 113 patients underwent a laparotomy for resection of RRTM after chemotherapy for NSTGCT. Only patients with mature teratoma in the RRTM were included in the current study, and data on the patients who experienced relapse were studied in detail.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mature teratoma was found in 51 patients (45.1%) with RRTM resected after chemotherapy. Nine of these 51 patients (17.6%) relapsed; the relapses resulted from growing mature teratoma in 5 patients (9.8%), secondary non-germ cell malignancy in 3 patients (5.9%), and recurrent germ cell malignancy in 1 patient (2.0%). The primary treatment for all relapsing patients was surgical excision. All five patients with growing mature teratoma are alive without evidence of disease, as is the patient with recurrent germ cell malignancy. One of the three patients with non-germ cell malignancy died of disease, and the remaining two are alive with disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long term follow-up after resection of postchemotherapy residual teratoma is indicated because a proportion of patients develop growing mature teratoma or a secondary non-germ cell malignancy. The treatment for these recurrences should be complete surgical excision.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Groningen University Hospital, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sonneveld
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Sleijfer
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Koops
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Keemers-Gels
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Molenaar
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018237:Germinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D012186:Retroperitoneal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D013724:Teratoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome