title: Structure and methylation-based silencing of a gene (DBCCR1) within a candidate bladder cancer tumor suppressor region at 9q32-q33.
abstract: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 9q is the most frequent genetic alteration in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder, indicating the presence of one or more relevant tumor suppressor genes. We previously mapped one of these putative tumor suppressor loci to 9q32-q33 and localized the candidate region within a single YAC 840 kb in size. This locus has been designated DBC1 (for deleted in bladder cancer gene 1). We have identified a novel gene, DBCCR1, in this candidate region by searching for expressed sequence tags (ESTs) that map to YACs spanning the region. Database searching using the entire DBCCR1 cDNA sequence identified several human ESTs and a few homologous mouse. ESTs. However, the predicted 761-amino-acid sequence had no significant homology to known protein sequences. Mutation analysis of the coding region and Southern blot analysis detected neither somatic mutations nor gross genetic alterations in primary TCCs. Although DBCCR1 was expressed in multiple normal human tissues including urothelium, mRNA expression was absent in 5 of 10 (50%) bladder cancer cell lines. Methylation analysis of the CpG island at the 5' region of the gene and the induction of de novo expression by a demethylating agent indicated that this island might be a frequent target for hypermethylation and that hypermethylation-based silencing of the gene occurs in TCC. These findings make DBCCR1 a good candidate for DBC1.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Marie Curie Research Institute, Oxted, Surrey, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Habuchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luscombe
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Elder
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Knowles
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D018244:Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast; D002899:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D000077209:Decitabine; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C112308:BRINP1 protein, human; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000077209:Decitabine; D001374:Azacitidine