title: Treatment of depression in older primary care patients in health maintenance organizations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether older HMO patients with depression are treated differently than younger patients in terms of diagnosis, treatment by specialty provider, and pharmacotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chart-review, Cross sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were selected from six HMOs in the United States who had one or more of five medical diagnoses: arthritis, asthma, otitis media, epigastric pain/ulcer, and hypertension, (n = 9143). From this group, chart diagnoses and pharmacy records were used to identify patients who also had a diagnosis of depression (n = 416) or who had a diagnosis of depression and/or treatment with antidepressant medication (n = 1286).
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records and computerized service and pharmacy records were reviewed to obtain diagnoses, office visits by provider type, and psychiatric medication prescription counts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were found in treatment of depression for older versus younger patients. Although depression was identified at a similar rate for both groups, older patients received fewer mental health specialty visits and fewer prescriptions for SSRI antidepressants. Older patients with a diagnosis of depression were more likely to be treated with benzodiazepines (49.2% of older vs. 33.2% of younger) though they were less likely to receive long half-life benzodiazepines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychotropic medication management is an important target for improving quality of care for older patients with depression in HMOs. Decreasing inefficient minor tranquilizer use and increasing use of newer antidepressant medications may lead to improved outcomes for older depressed adults.
authors.affiliation: Dartmouth Medical School, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharkey
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D015897:Comorbidity; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008329:Managed Care Programs; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors