title: Gastroesophageal reflux disease during pregnancy.
abstract: Pregnant patients with symptomatic GERD should be managed aggressively with lifestyle modification and dietary changes. Antacids and antacids/alginic acids combination or sucralfate should be considered first-line medical therapy. If symptoms are not adequately relieved or complications develop, treatment with cimetidine or ranitidine should be considered; these H2 receptor antagonists are preferred during pregnancy. Nizatidine cannot be recommended. Proton-pump inhibitors should be used with caution because little human experience is available. Despite this caveat, both proton-pump inhibitors are likely to be safe during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Chest Pain and Swallowing Center, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Castell
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy