The relation between health status changes and patient satisfaction in older hospitalized medical patients.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the relation between two patient outcome measures that can be used to assess the quality of hospital care: changes in health status between admission and discharge, and patient satisfaction.


METHODS
Prospective cohort study.


METHODS
Subjects were 445 older medical patients (aged > or =70 years) hospitalized on the medical service of a teaching hospital.


RESULTS
We interviewed patients at admission and discharge to obtain two measures of health status: global health and independence in five activities of daily living (ADLs). At discharge, we also administered a 5-item patient satisfaction questionnaire. We assessed the relation between changes in health status and patient satisfaction in two sets of analyses, that controlled for either admission or discharge health status. When controlling for admission health status, changes in health status between admission and discharge were positively associated with patient satisfaction (p values ranging from .01 to .08). However, when controlling for discharge health status, changes in health status were no longer associated with patient satisfaction. For example, among patients independent in ADLs at discharge, mean satisfaction scores were similar regardless of whether patients were dependent at admission (i.e., had improved) or independent at admission (i.e., remained stable) (79.6 vs 81.2, p = .46). Among patients dependent in ADLs at discharge, mean satisfaction scores were similar regardless of whether they were dependent at admission (i.e., remained stable) or independent at admission (i.e., had worsened) (74.0 vs 75.7, p = .63). These findings were similar using the measure of global health and in multivariate analyses.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with similar discharge health status have similar satisfaction regardless of whether that discharge health status represents stable health, improvement, or a decline in health status. The previously described positive association between patient satisfaction and health status more likely represents a tendency of healthier patients to report greater satisfaction with health care, rather than a tendency of patients who improve following an interaction with the health system to report greater satisfaction. This suggests that changes in health status and patient satisfaction are measuring different domains of hospital outcomes and quality. Comprehensive efforts to measure the outcomes and quality of hospital care will need to consider both patient satisfaction and changes in health status during hospitalization.
Covinsky
K E
KE
Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals of Cleveland, and the Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ohio 44016-4961, USA.
Rosenthal
G E
GE
Chren
M M
MM
Justice
A C
AC
Fortinsky
R H
RH
Palmer
R M
RM
Landefeld
C S
CS
D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011787:Quality of Health Care