title: Amelioration of diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice with advanced disease by linomide-induced immunoregulation combined with Reg protein treatment.
abstract: Oral linomide, (quinoline-3-carboxamide), has been shown to prevent autoimmune insulitis, islet destruction, and diabetes in NOD mice treated at an early stage of the disease, but confers only partial protection in animals with advanced disease. Reg protein, the gene product of a complementary DNA isolated from a regenerating rat islet library, has been previously shown to induce expansion of beta-cell mass in pancreatectomized rats. To determine the effect of treatment combining immunomodulation and Reg protein on advanced autoimmune diabetes, we treated female NOD mice with oral linomide and i.p. Reg protein injections. In 14-week-old animals with less severe disease (glucose tolerant), treatment with each agent alone resulted in amelioration of diabetes, as did treatment with Reg alone in 5-week-old prediabetic mice. In 14-week-old animals with more severe disease (glucose intolerant), only treatment with the combination of both agents, but not that with each separately, resulted in amelioration of diabetes. Our study suggests that treatment aimed at abrogation of autoimmunity combined with expansion of beta-cell mass constitutes a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. gross@vms.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Reibstein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van den Brand
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Slavin
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006912:Hydroxyquinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000473:pathology; D051847:Lithostathine; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010179:Pancreas / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D006912:Hydroxyquinolines; D007328:Insulin; D051847:Lithostathine; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C497615:Reg1 protein, mouse; C045282:roquinimex