title: Glucose metabolism, H+ production and Na+/H+-exchanger mRNA levels in ischemic hearts from diabetic rats.
abstract: Glycolysis uncoupled from glucose oxidation is a major reason for the intracellular acidosis that occurs during severe myocardial ischemia. The imbalance between glycolysis and glucose oxidation, and the resultant H+ produced from glycolytically derived ATP hydrolysis in the diabetic rat heart is the focus of this study. Isolated working hearts from 6 week streptozotocin diabetic rat hearts were perfused with 11 mM glucose and 1.2 mM palmitate and subjected to a 25 min period of global ischemia. A second series of experiments were also performed in which hearts from control, diabetic, and islet-transplanted diabetic rats were subjected to a 30 min aerobic perfusion, followed by a 60 min period of low-flow ischemia (coronary flow = 0.5 ml/min) and 30 min of aerobic reperfusion. H+ production from glucose metabolism was measured throughout the two protocols by simultaneous measurement of glycolysis and glucose oxidation using perfusate labelled with [5-3H/U-14C]-glucose. Rates of H+ production were calculated by measuring the difference between glycolysis and glucose oxidation. The H+ production throughout the perfusion was generally lower in diabetic rat hearts compared to control hearts, while islet-transplantation of diabetic rats increased H+ production to rates similar to those seen in control hearts. This occurred primarily due to a dramatic increase in the rates of glycolysis. Despite the difference in H+ production between control, diabetic and islet-transplanted diabetic rat hearts, no difference in mRNA levels of the cardiac Na+/H+-exchanger (NHE-1) was seen. This suggests that alterations in the source of protons (i.e. glucose metabolism) are as important as alterations in the fate of protons, when considering diabetes-induced changes in cellular pH. Furthermore, our data suggests that alterations in Na+/H+-exchange activity in the diabetic rat heart occur at a post-translational level, possibly due to direct alterations in the sarcolemmal membranes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Dyck
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Lopaschuk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006019:Glycolysis; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; C069139:growth factor-activatable Na-H exchanger NHE-1; D006859:Hydrogen; D005947:Glucose