title: Interactions of forward and simultaneous masking in intensity discrimination.
abstract: Intensity coding mechanisms are explored in a paradigm involving both forward and simultaneous masking. For intensity discrimination of 1000-Hz pure tone in quiet, a near-miss to Weber's law is observed. However, as more stimulus components are added to this relatively simple experiment, interactions among components produce a more complex pattern of results. An intense forward masker, while not causing any threshold shift for the test tone, produces a nonmonotonic intensity discrimination function ["the midlevel hump," Zeng et al., Hearing Res. 55, 223-230 (1991)]. The midlevel hump can be removed by the presence of additional notched noise [Plack and Viemeister, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 92, 1902-1910 (1992)] or narrow-band noise whose level is increased along with the test tone's standard level. The same midlevel hump can also be enhanced by a fixed-low-level notched noise or a high-level, high-pass noise which causes minimal masking at the test frequency. Interactions of forward masking and simultaneous masking present a serious problem for a clear interpretation of these results. For example, the notched noise was originally intended to restrict off-frequency listening, but on-frequency masking compromised this original purpose and confounded the interpretation of the notched noise effects. By measuring systematically the growth-of-masking functions, the present study identified various interactions of forward and simultaneous masking and clarified the role of off-frequency listening in forward-masked intensity discrimination. Both peripheral and central mechanisms may have contributed to the occurrence, reduction and enhancement of the midlevel hump under these masking conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Auditory Implants and Perception, House Ear Institute, Los Angeles, California 90057, USA. zeng@hei.org
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D005260:Female; D006309:Hearing / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009622:Noise; D010470:Perceptual Masking / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors