Mechanisms of occupational asthma induced by isocyanates.
Isocyanates are some of the most important low molecular weight chemicals associated with occupational asthma. These compounds are often volatile and they are highly reactive on mucous membranes, especially the conjunctivae and respiratory tract. Despite numerous data derived from experimental and clinical investigations, there is no agreement concerning the real mechanisms involved in isocyanate-induced occupational asthma. In fact, the cause of occupational asthma is multifactorial. The aim of this paper is to review the involved physiological causes of isocyanate-induced asthma; the main mechanisms are immunological, pharmacological and/or irritative.
Deschamps
F
F
Department of Occupational Diseases, Hopital Maison Blanche, Reims, France.
Prevost
A
A
Lavaud
F
F
Kochman
S
S
D001249:Asthma / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects; D017953:Isocyanates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology
D017953:Isocyanates