title: A randomized controlled trial of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim plus norfloxacin versus sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim alone for the prophylaxis of bacteria infection during chemotherapy for lung cancer.
abstract: The efficacy of the prophylactic administration of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (ST) plus norfloxacin (NFLX) versus ST alone to prevent the development of bacterial infection during chemotherapy-induced leukopenia was compared in patients with lung cancer. Patients who underwent systemic chemotherapy were randomized into one of the prophylactic regimens when grade 3 or 4 leukopenia occurred. Prophylactic treatment was performed on 133 courses of leukopenia in 75 patients and the efficacy was evaluated on 127 of those courses after excluding those patients who demonstrated a fever within 24 h from the start of the prophylaxis. The number of patients who had leukopenia associated fever was two out of 63 (3.2%) with the ST plus NFLX regimen and 10 out of 64 (15.6%) with ST alone; the difference was statistically significant. The prophylactic use of ST plus NFLX was thus found to be more useful than ST alone for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced leukopenia in patients with lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagatomo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunikane
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunitoh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009643:Norfloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D009643:Norfloxacin; D002945:Cisplatin