title: Learning, satisfaction, and mistreatment during medical internship: a national survey of working conditions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concerns about the working and learning environment of residency training continue to surface. Previous surveys of residents have focused on work hours and income, but have shed little light on how residents view their training experience.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide a description of the internship year as seen by a large cross section of second-year residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mail survey conducted in 1991.
  
  
  METHODS
  Residency programs in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random 10% sample (N=1773) of all second-year residents listed in the American Medical Association's medical research and information database.
  
  
  METHODS
  What and who contributes most to residents' learning during internships, degree of satisfaction with the internship experience, on-call and sleep schedules, incidents of perceived mistreatment or abuse, observations of unethical behavior, and experiences of harassment or discrimination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1277 surveys (72%) of 1773 mailed were returned. Overall, respondents reported a moderate level of satisfaction with their first year of residency. On a scale of 0 to 3, residents rated other residents as contributing most (score of 2.3) to their learning, with special patients ranked second (2.1). During a typical work week, residents reported that they spent an average of 56.9 hours on call in the hospital. A total of 1185 (93%) residents reported experiencing at least 1 incident of perceived mistreatment, with 53% reporting being belittled or humiliated by more senior residents. Among women residents, 63% reported having experienced at least 1 episode of sexual harassment or discrimination. A total of 45% of residents reported having observed another individual falsifying medical records, and 70% saw a colleague working in an impaired condition, most often lack of sleep. Regression analyses suggest that satisfaction with the residency experience was associated with the presence of factors that enhanced learning, and fewer experiences of perceived mistreatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Residents report significant problems during their internship experience. Satisfaction with internship is enhanced by positive learning experiences and lack of mistreatment.
authors.affiliation: Rush Primary Care Institute and Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612-3833, USA. sdaugher@rush.edu
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Daugherty
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Rowley
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012919:Social Behavior; D014481:United States; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance; D016526:Workload