title: Counteraction of retinoic acid and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on up-regulation of adipocyte differentiation with PPARgamma ligand, an antidiabetic thiazolidinedione, in 3T3-L1 cells.
abstract: Retinoic acid (RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25 (OH)2 D3) inhibited adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in the presence of thiazolidinedione, a specific ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptory (PPARgamma). These fat-soluble vitamins repressed the up-regulated protein expression of PPARgamma2 during the first 40 hours of initiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Compared with RA, 1,25 (OH)2 D3 inhibited PPARgamma2 expression more effectively and caused concomitantly a greater inhibition of adipocyte differentiation. These results suggest that the inhibitory action of adipocyte differentiation by RA or 1,25 (OH)2 D3 is exhibited through direct repression of the expression of PPARgamma2 protein, even in the presence of its ligand. They also raise the intriguing possibility that attenuation or amplification of the pharmacological effects of thiazolidinedione that are dependent on PPARgamma in adipose cells is caused by alteration of the levels of these fat-soluble vitamins.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kayahashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fushiki
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008024:Ligands; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D013844:Thiazoles; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014212:Tretinoin; C089946:2,4-thiazolidinedione; D002117:Calcitriol