title: Elevated levels of psychophysiological arousal and cortisol in patients with somatization syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates psychological and psychobiological processes in patients with somatization syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared physiological measures (heart rate, finger pulse volume, electrodermal activity, electromyography), cortisol levels, and subjective well-being during rest and during a mental stress task as well as selective attention and memory for illness-related words in 58 patients with somatization syndrome and 21 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The somatization group had higher morning salivary cortisol concentrations, higher heart rates, and lower levels of finger pulse volume. During the mental stress task, patients with somatization syndrome felt more distressed and had higher heart rates, whereas controls showed habituation to the experimental situation. We were unable to demonstrate an attention or memory bias specific for somatization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results point to several psychological, psychophysiological, and psychobiological mechanisms that might be involved in the maintenance of somatization syndrome. These results are discussed from a cognitive-psychobiological perspective.
authors.affiliation: Center for Behavioural Medicine, Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rief
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Fichter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis*; D006998:Hypochondriasis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011674:Pulse; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D012660:Semantics; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014705:Verbal Behavior
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone