title: The influence of self-fertilization performance and copulation behaviour in reproduction by cross-fertilization in groups of Biomphalaria tenagophila (Mollusca, Planorbidae).
abstract: The following hypotheses were tested for groups of simultaneous hermaphrodites Biomphalaria tenagophila: (a) snails that have low reproductive success during the process of self-fertilization do not increase their reproductive success after the end of grouping; (b) the copulation behaviour and the presence of one snail whose eggs have a low viability rate influence the partner's reproductive success by cross-fertilization. Groups were constituted by a homozygous pigmented snail and two albinos: one with a viability rate higher than 70% ("good reproducers") and the other less than 10% ("bad reproducers"). All pigmented snails had viability rates higher than 70%. The "good" and "bad" reproducer albino snails had similar copulation behaviour. However, after the end of grouping, the "bad reproducers" continued to have viability rates less than 10% over 30 days. In 100% of the cases that pigmented snails copulated (performing either a male role or simultaneously male and female roles) exclusively with "good" reproducer albinos, they presented high reproductive success (producing, on average of 8.4 pigmented embryos/egg-mass). However, in 100% of the cases that pigmented snails copulated with both partners, the "good" reproducer albino snails produced none or very few embryos (the highest average was 2.2 pigmented embryos/egg-mass). Therefore, the production of viable embryos by cross-fertilization was more influenced by self-fertilization performance than by copulation behaviour. The presence of a snail whose eggs have a low viability rate could decrease their partners reproductive success.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília, DF, Brasil. june@guarany.cpd.unb.br
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Cariello
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001700:Biomphalaria / Q000502:physiology*; D003307:Copulation / Q000502:physiology*; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development; D005306:Fertilization / Q000502:physiology*; D020010:Heterosexuality; D007178:Inbreeding