title: Loss of imprinting in disease progression in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
abstract: The pathophysiologic role of the Philadelphia chromosome translocation in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) has been known for nearly 20 years. However, the most significant morbidity and mortality in CML are caused by progression to blast crisis, about which comparatively little is known at the molecular level. Genomic imprinting is a chromosomal modification leading to parental-origin-specific gene expression in somatic cells. Recently, we and others have described loss of imprinting (LOI) of the insulin-like growth factor-II gene (IGF2), leading to biallelic rather than monoallelic expression in a wide variety of solid tumors. We have now examined the imprinting status of IGF2 in samples from CML patients in stable phase, accelerated phase, and blast crisis. Five of six stable-phase patients showed normal imprinting, but LOI was found in all six cases of advanced disease (three accelerated phase, three blast crisis), which was statistically highly significant (P < .01). Thus, LOI represents a novel type of genetic alteration in CML that appears to be specifically associated with disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Oncology, and Molecular Biology & Genetics, and the Graduate Program in Human Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Randhawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Barletta
authors.forename: L Z
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Strichman-Almashanu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talpaz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kantarjian
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Deisseroth
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Champlin
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Feinberg
mesh_terms: D001752:Blast Crisis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D006801:Humans; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000235:genetics; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II