Efficacy of fresh-frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate in dogs with von Willebrand's disease or hemophilia A.
Here we report the comparative efficacy of fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) and cryoprecipitate in the treatment of 2 inherited bleeding disorders in dogs. The dogs were divided into 3 groups, consisting of 4 Doberman Pinschers with type I von Willebrand's disease (vWD) (group 1), 1 Scottish Terrier with type III vWD (group 2), and 4 German Shepherd Dogs with hemophilia A (group 3). In vWD, therapeutic efficacy was determined by the ability of the products to increase von Willebrand factor antigen (vWf:Ag) concentrations above 35 canine units (CU)/dL and to correct the prolonged buccal mucosal bleeding time. Therapeutic efficacy in hemophilia A was assessed by the ability of the products to increase the factor VIII coagulant (FVIII:C) activity above 30 CU/dL. In both groups 1 and 2, higher increases in vWf:Ag were achieved with cryoprecipitate than with FFP, despite a significantly smaller total amount of vWf:Ag (in CU) being infused with cryoprecipitate. The maximum vWf:Ag attained after infusion in group 1 was dependent on both the baseline vWf:Ag concentration and on the type of infusion product. The dogs with vWD in both groups also displayed a delayed increase in FVIII:C activity after infusion of both plasma products, which is characteristic of the disease. In group 3, cryoprecipitate achieved similar increases in FVIII:C activity compared to FFP, although a significantly lesser amount of FVIII:C (in CU) was delivered with cryoprecipitate. Six of the 9 dogs treated with FFP experienced adverse effects ranging from mild pruritus to pallor and weakness, whereas none of the 9 dogs treated with cryoprecipitate had any observable adverse reactions (P = .009). Based on its efficacy and safety, we recommend cryoprecipitate over FFP for treatment or prophylaxis of hemorrhagic episodes in dogs with vWD or hemophilia A.
Stokol
T
T
University of Melbourne, Veterinary Clinic and Hospital, Werribee, Victoria, Australia. ts23@cornell.edu
Parry
B
B
D000818:Animals; D016913:Blood Component Transfusion / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases; D004285:Dogs; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005615:Freezing; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D006490:Hemostatics; D008297:Male; D010949:Plasma; D014842:von Willebrand Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use
D006490:Hemostatics; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D005169:Factor VIII