title: Cable grafting of the spinal accessory nerve after radical neck dissection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  From January 1981 through March 1996, 20 patients with head and neck cancer underwent radical neck dissection with sacrifice of the spinal accessory nerve and immediate reconstruction of the nerve using a microsurgical technique and a cable graft of the great auricular nerve.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postoperative shoulder function was assessed via a subjective questionnaire, objective strength testing, and/or postoperative electromyography. The latter was used to evaluate for the presence and amplitude of voluntary motor potentials, the presence of fibrillation potentials, and nerve conduction latency. The group of patients who underwent cable grafting of the spinal accessory nerve was compared with a group of patients who underwent modified radical neck dissection with preservation of the spinal accessory nerve and with another group of patients who underwent a classic neck dissection with sacrifice of the spinal accessory nerve and no reconstruction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In terms of shoulder function, the group of patients in whom the spinal accessory nerve was reconstructed occupied an intermediate position; ie, their postoperative shoulder function was better than that of the patients who underwent radical neck dissection without reconstruction but not as good as that of the patients who underwent modified neck dissection with preservation of the spinal accessory nerve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cable grafting of the spinal accessory nerve that has been sacrificed during radical neck dissection results in improved shoulder function in the postoperative period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202, USA.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Weisberger
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kincaid
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riteris
mesh_terms: D000055:Accessory Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D003391:Cranial Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000637:transplantation; D004576:Electromyography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D037981:Neck Dissection / Q000379:methods*; D016067:Nerve Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012782:Shoulder / Q000294:innervation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome