title: A new surgical approach to the innominate and subclavian vein.
abstract: A new technique extending the incision used for thoracic outlet decompression with a subclavicular approach to the first rib is presented. After the first rib and scalenotomy are removed, the subclavicular incision is continued into the sternum medially and superiorly to the sternal notch. This gives easy access to the innominate-subclavian-axillary vein segment. Eight patients with extensive chronic fibrotic obstruction of the subclavian-innominate vein segment underwent operation with this technique. It allows placement of either long patches of saphenous vein to reestablish normal caliber or replacement, as is our choice, with a small-sized cryopreserved descending thoracic aortic homograft. The operation is carried out in an extrapleural plane preserving the sternoclavicular joint, avoiding the deformity caused by transclavicular techniques. Repair of the sternotomy creates a stable incision. Follow-up to 14 months shows patency of the venous channel with no complications. This surgical approach is recommended to solve the problem of satisfactory exposure of the subclavian-innominate venous channel after decompression of the thoracic outlet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Molina
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000637:transplantation; D016121:Brachiocephalic Veins; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D005355:Fibrosis; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation; D013350:Subclavian Vein; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome