title: Comparison of three protocols for breathing exercises during immersion in 38 degrees C water for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: Respiratory function test, arterial blood gas analysis, and ejection fraction were used to compare three protocols of breathing exercises during immersion in 38 degrees C water. Therapy was given for 2 mo to patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Protocol A consisted of a total exercise period of 20 min/wk (10 min/day, 2 days/wk) and was performed by 7 patients (5 cases of asthma and 2 cases of emphysema). Protocol B consisted of a total exercise period of 120 min/wk (20 min x 2 per day at 10:00 am and 3:00 pm, 3 days/wk) and was performed by 9 patients (6 asthmas and 3 emphysemas). Protocol C consisted of a total exercise period of 120 min/wk (20 min/day, 6 days/wk) and was performed by 8 patients (4 asthmas and 4 emphysemas). The ratio of forced expired volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1.0%) was significantly increased in protocols B and C (P < 0.01). The ratio of forced vital capacity to the predicted normal value (%FVC) was not changed in any of the three protocols. A significant increase in peak flow was observed in protocols B and C (P < 0.05). The maximal expiratory flow at 25% (V25) was not changed in any of the three protocols. PaO2 was significantly increased and PacO2 was significantly decreased in protocol B (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively), whereas only PaCO2 was significantly decreased in protocol C (P < 0.05). Ejection fraction was increased in protocols B and C. These results suggest that exercise for a total period of 120 min/wk is preferable to that of 20 min/wk in COPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kusatsu Branch Hospital, Gunma University Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurabayashi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Machida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Handa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akiba
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubota
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007101:Immersion; D008297:Male; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D014797:Vital Capacity