title: Preclinical antitumor activity of an antibody against the leukocyte antigen CD48.
abstract: We have evaluated the antitumor activity of a murine antibody (IgG2a) against the leukocyte antigen CD48. CD48 is expressed on T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, and a wide range of lymphoid malignancies. To assess the therapeutic potential of an anti-CD48 antibody, we established a reproducible model of human B-cell (Raji) leukemia/lymphoma in C.B17/scid mice, where untreated mice develop hind leg paralysis due to tumor engraftment. Using this model, the murine anti-CD48 antibody HuLy-m3 was shown to mediate a strong in vivo antitumor effect. Long-term survival (>1 year) of scid mice was obtained after treatment with three 200-microg i.v. doses of anti-CD48 antibody on days 0, 2, and 4 after i.v. injection of tumor cells. In contrast, mice treated with an isotype control antibody developed hind leg paralysis after 34 +/- 3 days. A strong antitumor response was still observed when a dose of 20 microg of HuLy-m3 antibody was used. During preclinical investigations, we also examined a number of properties of the CD48 antigen. CD48 is present at high levels on the surface of T and B cells, but most (>95%) CD34-positive cells do not express CD48. Anti-CD48 antibodies are maintained on the surface of antigen-positive cells for extended periods (>24 h). These properties suggest that anti-CD48 antibodies may be useful in the treatment of a number of diseases including lymphoid leukemias and lymphomas.
authors.affiliation: Cooperative Research Centre for Biopharmaceutical Research, Ltd., Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Biggs
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D000071178:CD48 Antigen; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000071178:CD48 Antigen; C000604065:CD48 protein, human; C000604066:Cd48 protein, mouse