title: Gastrointestinal tract as a major site of CD4+ T cell depletion and viral replication in SIV infection.
abstract: Human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV) replicate optimally in activated memory CD4(+) T cells, a cell type that is abundant in the intestine. SIV infection of rhesus monkeys resulted in profound and selective depletion of CD4+ T cells in the intestine within days of infection, before any such changes in peripheral lymphoid tissues. The loss of CD4+ T cells in the intestine occurred coincident with productive infection of large numbers of mononuclear cells at this site. The intestine appears to be a major target for SIV replication and the major site of CD4+ T cell loss in early SIV infection.
authors.affiliation: New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, 1 Pine Hill Drive, Post Office Box 9102, Southborough, MA 01772, USA.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Veazey
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: DeMaria
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Chalifoux
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Shvetz
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Pauley
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenzweig
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Desrosiers
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lackner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D003106:Colon / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D019562:Viral Load; D014774:Virulence; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2