title: Low-intensity laser irradiation improves skin circulation in patients with diabetic microangiopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetic foot problems due to angiopathy and neuropathy account for 50% of all nontraumatic amputations and constitute a significant economic burden to society. Low-intensity laser irradiation has been shown to induce wound healing in conditions of reduced microcirculation. We investigated the influence of low-intensity laser irradiation by means of infrared thermography on skin blood circulation in diabetic patients with diabetic microangiopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty consecutive patients with diabetic ulcers or gangrenes and elevated levels of glycosylated hemoglobin were randomized by blocks of two to receive either a single low-intensity laser irradiation with an energy density of 30 J/cm2 or a sham irradiation over both forefoot regions in a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study. Skin blood circulation as indicated by temperature recordings over the forefoot region was detected by infrared thermography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a single transcutaneous low-intensity laser irradiation, a statistically significant rise in skin temperature was noted (P < 0.001 by ANOVA for repeated measurements), whereas in the sham-irradiated control group, a slight but significant drop in temperature (P < 0.001) was found. Subsequently performed contrasts for comparison of measurements before and after irradiation revealed significant temperature increases at 20 min of irradiation time (P < 0.001), at the end of the irradiation (P < 0.001), and 15 min after stopping the irradiation (P < 0.001). In the sham-irradiated feet, the drop in local skin temperature was not significant at 20 min (P = 0.1), but reached significance at the end of the sham-irradiation procedure (P < 0.001) and 15 min after the end of sham irradiation (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data from this first randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial demonstrate an increase in skin microcirculation due to athermic laser irradiation in patients with diabetic microangiopathy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Special and Environmental Dermatology, University of Vienna Medical School, Austria. andreas.schindl@akh-wien.ac.at
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schindl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schindl
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schön
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Knobler
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Havelec
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schindl
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000150:complications / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D016523:Foot Ulcer / Q000150:complications / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005734:Gangrene; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000528:radiation effects; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply*; D012881:Skin Temperature / Q000528:radiation effects; D013817:Thermography; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin