title: Opioid dependence during pregnancy. Effects and management.
abstract: This article describes the complex problems associated with opioid dependence during pregnancy. Medical, obstetric, and psychosocial problems are presented. Methadone maintenance for the treatment of opioid dependence is described in this article. Specific issues of appropriate methadone dose during pregnancy, medical withdrawal, and the relationship of methadone dose and the severity of neonatal abstinence also are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaltenbach
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Berghella
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Finnegan
mesh_terms: D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008691:Methadone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009294:Narcotics / Q000009:adverse effects; D009357:Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D011181:Postnatal Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D008691:Methadone