title: Inhibition of sea urchin fertilization by jaspisin, a specific inhibitor of matrix metalloendoproteinase.
abstract: Jaspisin, originally isolated from a marine sponge as an inhibitor of the hatching of the sea urchin (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus) embryo, causes inhibition of sea urchin fertilization. Electron microscopic examination revealed that the acrosome reaction was induced in jaspisin-treated sperm when they were incubated with an intact egg. The acrosome-reacted sperm bound to the vitelline layer by the acrosomal material surrounding the acrosomal process. However, fusion of the acrosomal process and the egg plasma membrane failed to take place. Membrane potential changes were monitored using eggs preloaded with a membrane potential-sensitive fluorochrome, di-8-ANEPPS. Depolarization of the membrane potential, normally observed in the fertilized egg was not observed in the egg inseminated in the presence of jaspisin, indicating the absence of electrical continuity between the jaspisin-treated egg and sperm. Jaspisin inhibited the activities of matrix metallo-endoproteinase members but not of other types of proteinases. These results provide strong, albeit indirect, evidence that a matrix metallo-endoproteinase(s) is involved in the process of gamete fusion during sea urchin fertilization.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Natural Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takemoto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikegami
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D008561:Membrane Fusion / Q000187:drug effects*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000196:embryology*; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions / Q000187:drug effects*; D013343:Styrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D013343:Styrenes; C089326:jaspisin; D018093:Gelatinases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C024344:envelysin; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2