title: Internalization of Chlamydia by dendritic cells and stimulation of Chlamydia-specific T cells.
abstract: Chlamydia species are the causative agents of trachoma, various forms of pneumonia, and the most common sexually transmitted diseases. Although the infection cycle has been extensively characterized in epithelial cells, where the Chlamydia entry-vacuoles avoid fusion with host-cell lysosomes, the cellular immune response has received less attention. Moreover, despite the abundant presence of dendritic cells (DC) in the sites of infection, the interaction between Chlamydia and DC has never been studied. We observe that DC kill Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia psittaci. The chlamydiae are internalized by the DC in a nonspecific manner through macropinocytosis, and the macropinosomes fuse subsequently with DC lysosomes expressing MHC class II molecules. The interaction induces maturation of the DC, since presentation of an exogenous Ag is severely inhibited after a 1-day incubation, although chlamydial Ags are still presented and recognized by Chlamydia-specific CD4+ T cells. Thus, DC most likely play a role in initiating the T cell response in vivo and could potentially be used in adoptive transfer therapies to vaccinate against Chlamydia.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Biologie des Interactions Cellulaires, CNRS 1960, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. ojcius@pasteur.fr
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ojcius
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bravo de Alba
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kanellopoulos
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Rank
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dautry-Varsat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002689:Chlamydia / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006367:HeLa Cells; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D009113:Muramidase / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010873:Pinocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009113:Muramidase