title: Effects of a large supper on glucose levels the following morning in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Seventeen patients were studied to test the hypothesis that a large evening meal influences the fasting glucose level and glucose tolerance the following morning in patients with type 2 diabetes. Oral hypoglycemic agents were discontinued for 2 weeks. The baseline fasting plasma glucose levels were 12.3 +/- 0.9 mmol/L. Fasting and postprandial (post-Sustacal) glucose, insulin, and C-peptide measurements were performed the morning after the patients received three separate meal protocols spaced 1 week apart. The caloric distribution of the meal protocols was (1) 7 kcal/kg of ideal body weight breakfast and lunch and 14 kcal/kg supper (small supper); (2) 7 kcal/kg breakfast and lunch and 28 kcal/kg for supper (large supper); and (3) 14 kcal/kg breakfast and lunch (no supper). Fasting glucose level were higher the morning after the large supper compared to no supper (13.6 +/- 0.7 versus 12.3 +/- 0.5 mmol/L, p < 0.05) and also to the small supper (13.6 +/- 0.7 versus 12.5 +/- 0.6 mmol/L, p = 0.05). No difference was observed in the fasting glucose levels between the small supper and no supper (p > 0.2). The fasting insulin and C-peptide levels, and the post-Sustacal areas under the curve of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide did not differ among the meals. In patients with type 2 diabetes, a large evening meal is associated with a modest elevation in fasting glucose the following morning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas 75235, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arauz-Pacheco
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clements
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cercone
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brinkley
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Raskin
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin