title: Nightly enteral nutrition support of elderly hip fracture patients: a phase I trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This non-blinded randomized controlled trial was the first phase of a planned series of investigations designed to test the efficacy of aggressive post-operative enteral nutrition support to decrease the rate of post-operative complications or improve long-term outcomes in specifically defined subgroups of elderly patients who have sustained a hip fracture requiring surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen patients (17 males) were randomized to the treatment (eight male subjects) or control groups. The control group (mean age 76.5+/-6.1 years) received standard post-operative care. Subjects in the treatment group (mean age 74.5+/-2.1 years) received 125 cc/hour of nasoenteral tube feedings over 11 hours each night in addition to standard post-operative nutritional care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the treatment and control groups had reduced volitional nutrient intakes for the first 7 post-operative days (3,966+/-2,238 vs. 4,263+/-2,916 kJ/day [948+/-535 vs. 1019+/-697 kcal/day], p=0.815), but the treatment subjects had a greater total nutrient intake (7,719+/-2,109 vs. 4,301+/-2,858 kJ/day [1845+/-504 vs. 1028+/-683 kcal], p=0.012). On average, treatment subjects were tube fed for 15.8+/-16.4 days. There was no difference between the groups (treatment vs. controls) in the rate of post-operative life-threatening complications (25 vs. 30%, p=1.00) or in-hospital mortality (0 vs. 30%, p=0.216). Mortality within 6 months subsequent to surgery was lower in the treatment group compared to the controls (0 vs. 50%, p=0.036).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that nightly enteral feedings are a safe and effective means of supplementing nutrient intake. The greatest impact of nutrition support may be to reduce mortality.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bopp
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Puskarich-May
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Walls
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome