title: Locally recurrent prostate tumors following either radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy have changes in Ki-67 labeling index, p53 and bcl-2 immunoreactivity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compare the biological phenotype of recurrent prostatic tumors after definitive local therapy (radiation or radical prostatectomy) with that of the same tumors before treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cellular proliferation (Ki-67 labeling index), p53 nuclear reactivity and bcl-2 immunoreactivity were determined in pretreatment and posttreatment tumor specimens from 13 patients with local tumor recurrence following radiation, and in 18 patients with local tumor recurrence following radical prostatectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean Ki-67 labeling index increased approximately 2-fold in locally recurrent tumors after radiation (10.5 versus 5.6%, p=0.0008) or surgery (6.0 versus 3.2%, p=0.0025) when compared with pretreatment tumors. We noted p53 nuclear reactivity in a significantly higher proportion of recurrences than in pretreatment tumors following radiation (54 versus 8%, p=0.032) and surgery (39 versus 5%, p=0.022). Although bcl-2 immunoreactivity was also seen in a higher proportion of recurrent tumors, this difference did not reach statistical significance for either radiation or surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recurrent tumors following either radiation or surgery differ significantly from the corresponding pretreatment tumors with respect to cellular proliferation and p53 nuclear reactivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Grossfeld
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Olumi
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gibney
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Waldman
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Carroll
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D002455:Cell Division; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53