title: Rubber dam isolation of cervical lesions. Part 1: Alternative techniques which avoid injury to the periodontium.
abstract: While it is arguable that the operative procedures depicted in this article could have been done equally well with alternative forms of isolation, it is indisputable that rubber dam provides for the most thorough 'isolation' in the comprehensive sense of the term. It allows for the finite control over peripheral variables such as access and controlled gingival retraction. This in turn permits meticulous execution of restorative procedures within the luxury of 'true four-handed dentistry'. Most operative procedures are done within the limitations of single handed dentistry as the other 'three hands' are involved with retraction, fluid evacuation and access control. The rubber dam is indeed indispensable and with the increased awareness of infection control it is conceivable that rubber dam isolation will continue to be associated with quality patient care. Part 2 of this article will detail the application of the 'Modified Gingival Retractor' in the isolation of cervical lesions.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Liebenberg
mesh_terms: D003250:Constriction; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy*; D003762:Dental Instruments; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D010519:Periodontium / Q000293:injuries*; D016733:Rubber Dams; D019237:Tooth Cervix