title: HIV-1 does not alter in vitro and in vivo IL-10 production by human monocytes and macrophages.
abstract: The present study analyses the ability of HIV-1 to modulate IL-10 production in cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage cultured in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Both monocytes and macrophages spontaneously produced low amount of IL-10. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced a strong IL-10 response in fresh monocytes and in M-CSF-treated macrophages. In contrast, macrophages cultured in the absence of M-CSF exhibited a marked decrease in their susceptibility to LPS stimulation. M-CSF increased the IL-10 response of macrophages to LPS by enhancing both the expression of membrane-bound CD14, the protein that serves as LPS receptor, and the sensibility of CD14-expressing cells to LPS stimulation. Neither spontaneous nor LPS-induced expression of IL-10 was modulated in monocytes and macrophages by infection with eight monocytotropic strains, as demonstrated by ELISA and cytofluorimetric analysis. In contrast, all the HIV-1 strains primed macrophages for an increased IL-6 response to LPS stimulation. To determine whether IL-10 production was associated with in vivo infection, monocytes from AIDS individuals were analysed for IL-10 production. We found that neither spontaneous nor LPS-induced IL-10 production were different between healthy controls and HIV-infected patients. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that HIV-1 infection of monocytes-macrophages does not play a significant role in the regulation of IL-10 in infected patients. This study also emphasizes the role of M-CSF activation in the regulation of the cytokine response in macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Cellular Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergamini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bolacchi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Faggioli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Placido
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vendetti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cappannoli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cerasari
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Uccella
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andreoni
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rocchi
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor