[Social psychiatry aspects of alcoholism: epidemiology, treatment structures and recent results of therapy research].
In Germany the per capita consumption of alcohol has tripled since World War II with a slight decrease in recent years. The number of alcoholics has been estimated between 2.5 mill. and 10 mill. Epidemiological studies suggest a 6-month prevalence rate of 3.1% (USA 2.9%): 10.4% in males, 0.8% in females; Life-time prevalence estimates range up to 13%. More recent findings also suggest that alcoholism in adolescents is an increasing problem. The resources for treatment of alcoholism are limited: Only 1% of all alcoholics are treated in special addiction rehabilitation programmes, whereas the majority of patients are treated by their physician, in a general hospital or not at all. Approximately 30,000 patients are treated in special clinical rehabilitation programmes per year. Socioeconomic consequences of alcoholism have not been evaluated in detail; some cast models are discussed. In recent years both day-hospital and outpatient rehabilitation programmes for alcoholics have been established but few catamnestic studies have been conducted so far. The possible benefit of new antidipsotropic agents (so-called anticraving drugs) must also be examined in greater detail. Catamnestic findings and the outcome of treatment studies are discussed.
Soyka
M
M
Psychiatriche Klinik, Universität München.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000427:Alcohol Deterrents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D005858:Germany; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000427:Alcohol Deterrents