title: Evaluating motor end-plate-targeted injections of botulinum toxin type A in a canine model.
abstract: Tarsal joint forces were measured in dogs over 70 days following botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections. Three dogs were injected at motor end-plates located by electromyography (EMG), while 3 dogs were similarly injected, but without EMG guidance. Extension forces were significantly (P < 0.05) smaller in limbs injected at motor end-plates than in corresponding limbs on days 14 and 35. There were no significant differences at other times. Using these techniques, EMG end-plate targeting potentiates effects of BTX-A.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, 65212, USA.
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Childers
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Kornegay
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Otaviani
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bogan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Petroski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D004576:Electromyography; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D009045:Motor Endplate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013643:Tarsus, Animal / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins