title: Whole-body phantoms with anthropomorphic-shaped skeletons for evaluation of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements.
abstract: We have developed a set of four whole-body phantoms with anthropometric-shaped skeletons constructed of CaHPO4-doped epoxy resin, to simulate average body sizes of children at ages 4, 10, 15, and 18. Each phantom was measured on a Hologic QDR-2000 instrument with and without a set of polyethylene overlays to simulate excess body fat, and with and without a 0.6% NaCl/water mixture to simulate differences in lean tissue composition. Precision of total body BMC, based on 4 scans over 2 wk, were 0.5%-1.8%, and were correlated (r2 = 0.999, p < 0.001) with the chemical Ca content of the simulated skeleton. The addition of overlays to the phantoms to simulate increased body size and/or body fat resulted in small but significant increases in the measured values for BMC and bone area, but not that of BMD.
authors.affiliation: USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Shypailo
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Posada
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000379:methods*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D001824:Body Constitution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012863:Skeleton; D013851:Thinness