title: Effects of subgingival chlorhexidine irrigation on peri-implant maintenance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of irrigation with 0.06% chlorhexidine (PerioGard) (CHX) using a powered oral irrigator (Water Pik) with a special subgingival irrigating tip (Pik Pocket Subgingival Tip) compared to rinsing with 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate once daily.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following a prophylaxis, patients were randomly assigned to an irrigation or a rinse group. The following clinical parameters were measured at baseline and at the 3-month end of the study: Modified Gingival Index (MGI), Plaque Index (PI), Bleeding Index (BI), and Calculus Index (CI). Also, a Stain Index (SI) was measured at 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients irrigating with diluted CHX showed a statistically significant reduction (P < 0.05) from their baseline in the MGI, PI, BI, and CI scores at 3 months. In the rinse group both MGI and BI showed statistically significant reduction from their baseline (P < 0.05) at 3 months. The rinse group showed a nonsignificant (P > 0.05) increase from baseline in CI and a nonsignificant decrease in PI. Intergroup comparisons showed that CHX irrigation produced statistically significantly greater reductions than CHX rinsing in the PI, MGI, and SI. The irrigation group also showed a greater reduction in BI and CI than the rinsing group but these differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.12). The results of this study suggest that use of diluted 0.06% CHX when used in a powered irrigator may be a valuable adjunct to oral health in patients with implants.
authors.affiliation: SUNY at Buffalo 14214, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Felo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shibly
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ciancio
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Lauciello
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000295:instrumentation; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D015921:Dental Implants; D009067:Mouthwashes; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine