title: Bowel dysfunction after bladder reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bowel function may be disturbed after intestinal segments are used in urinary reconstruction. The etiology of this condition and its incidence in different patient groups is unclear. We studied the incidence of bowel disturbance in patients who underwent bladder replacement, continent diversion, enterocystoplasty for idiopathic detrusor instability and ileal conduit diversion.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 71 patients after ileal conduit diversion and 82 after bladder reconstruction, including clam enterocystoplasty for detrusor instability in 28, neurogenic bladder dysfunction in 26 and nonneuropathic conditions in 28. We noted the severity of symptoms, such as frequency of defecation, nocturnal diarrhea, flatus leakage, fecal urgency, fecal incontinence and explosive diarrhea, as well as quality of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the patients who underwent bladder reconstruction 24% had symptoms of bowel dysfunction preoperatively and 42% of those who were asymptomatic preoperatively described new bowel symptoms postoperatively. These symptoms were most common and severe in 54% of patients after clam enterocystoplasty for detrusor instability compared to 26% with neuropathy, 14% with a nonneuropathic condition and 15% with an ileal conduit. Compared to those in other groups patients who underwent enterocystoplasty for detrusor instability had a significantly higher incidence of nocturnal bowel movements (18 versus less than 4%, p <0.01), flatus leakage (29 versus less than 8%, p <0.01), fecal urgency (39 versus less than 12%, p <0.001) and fecal incontinence (32 versus less than 16%, p <0.001). The length of ileum used for clam enterocystoplasty was only slightly greater than that used for ileal conduit operations (25 versus 18 cm.). Of the patients who underwent enterocystoplasty for detrusor instability 29% regretted undergoing the procedure due to subsequent bowel symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After enterocystoplasty for detrusor instability patients are at risk of significant bowel symptoms. The development of new bowel symptoms was associated with poor patient satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: N'Dow
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Neal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D014547:Urinary Diversion; D014563:Urodynamics