title: Increased susceptibility of the c-Myc overexpressing cell line, SNU-16, to TNF-alpha.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a macrophage-derived multifunctional cytokine that acts as a cytostatic or cytotoxic agent in many tumor cells. However, the molecular mechanisms by which tumor cells become sensitive to the cytotoxic action of TNF-alpha are not clear. In this study we demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of TNF-alpha markedly increased in c-Myc overexpressing tumor cells. The stomach cancer cell line, SNU-16, in which c-Myc expression is high due to gene amplification, showed programmed cell death detected by DNA fragmentation and morphological changes. An antisense c-myc S-oligonucleotide specifically inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis of SNU-16 cells, provided that the oligonucleotide was added 4 h prior to TNF-alpha treatment. Western immunoblot analysis of p53 and Bax showed that in this cell line, TNF-alpha increased the level of these proteins in a time-dependent manner and that this effect lasted for 12 h. Taken together these data indicate that the deregulation of c-Myc plays an important role in sensitizing tumor cells to TNF-alpha. Furthermore, TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in the SNU-16 cell line showed increased expression of p53 and Bax protein levels following TNF-alpha treatment. Therefore, we suggest that TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis, which is cytotoxic to tumor cells, is coupled with a p53 and Bax apoptotic pathway.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D016259:Genes, myc; D006801:Humans; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein