title: Clinico-epidemiologic features of granuloma inguinale in the era of acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Granuloma Inguinale (GI) is an endemic sexually transmitted disease (STD) in India. With increasing prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among patients with STD at a clinic in Mumbai, a study was conducted to determine clinico-epidemiologic features of GI and HIV.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine possible interaction between GI and HIV.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective follow-up of 21 consecutive cases (GI in HIV-seropositive individuals) and 29 controls (GI in HIV-seronegative individuals) to determine time to heal. All cases and controls received a standard treatment regimen of erythromycin, 2 g po daily, under supervision until healing occurred.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although GI ulcers at recruitment were not significantly larger among HIV-seropositive individuals as compared with those seen among HIV-seronegative individuals (mean size 4.4 cm2 vs. 3.6 sq2; odds ratio [OR] 1.22, confidence interval [CI] .95, 0.63, 2.40; p = 0.52), the former took longer time to heal completely (mean 25.7 days vs. 16.8 days; OR 1.82, CI .95, 0.99, 3.36; p = 0.03) and tended to produce greater tissue destruction (as included in results).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings are important because slow-healing GI ulcers with underlying HIV infection, which may be caused by their interaction, will lead to increased transmission of both the infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Skin/STD, Sir J. J. Hospital, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Jamkhedkar
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hira
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shroff
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Lanjewar
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006100:Granuloma Inguinale / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012074:Remission Induction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004917:Erythromycin