The Asn9 variant of lipoprotein lipase is associated with the -93G promoter mutation and an increased risk of coronary artery disease. The Regress Study Group.
Two mutations in the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene, a T to G transition at position -93 of the proximal promoter region and an Asp9Asn substitution in exon 2, were examined in 762 Dutch males with angiographically-diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) and 296 healthy normolipidemic Dutch males. The two mutations exhibited strong linkage disequilibrium (D' = 0.975). A significantly higher proportion of cases (4.86%) than controls (1.37%) carried the -93G/Asn9 allele (p = 0.008). In the combined sample of cases and controls, adjusted mean plasma total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly higher in -93G/Asn9 carriers (6.20+/-0.13 mmol/l) than in non-carriers (5.93+/-0.03 mmol/l; p = 0.048), while mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were lower in carriers (0.88+/-0.03 mmol/l) than in non-carriers (0.98+/-0.01 mmol/l; p = 0.002). There was a trend towards higher triglyceride (TG) levels in carriers (1.96+/-0.14 mmol/l) compared with non-carriers (1.73+/-0.03 mmol/l) (p = 0.08). Additionally, carrier frequencies in tertiles of TC, HDL-C, TG, and LPL activity, suggested an association of the -93G/Asn9 variant with higher TC and TG levels, and with lower HDL-C and LPL activity levels. Logistic regression revealed a significant odds ratio (OR) for the combined -93G/Asn9 genotype in CAD cases relative to controls (OR: 5.36; 95% CI: 1.57-18.24), with age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and plasma total- and HDL-cholesterol levels included in the model. In conclusion, we show that the LPL Asp9Asn mutation is in non-random association with a T G substitution at position -93 of the proximal promoter region and that the combined -93G/Asn9 genotype predisposes to decreased HDL-C levels and an increased risk of CAD.
Kastelein
J J
JJ
Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Groenemeyer
B E
BE
Hallman
D M
DM
Henderson
H
H
Reymer
P W
PW
Gagné
S E
SE
Jansen
H
H
Seidell
J C
JC
Kromhout
D
D
Jukema
J W
JW
Bruschke
A V
AV
Boerwinkle
E
E
Hayden
M R
MR
D001216:Asparagine / Q000235:genetics*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D018740:Genetic Heterogeneity; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005998:Glycine / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017354:Point Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
D001216:Asparagine; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase; D005998:Glycine