title: Central antinociceptive effects of meloxicam on rat spinal cord in vitro.
abstract: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit constitutive (COX-1) and induced cyclooxygenase (COX-2), blocking prostaglandin production. We have compared the effects on nociceptive reflexes of meloxicam, which is COX-2 selective, with indomethacin, which is non-selective, using an in vitro spinal cord preparation. Cords were taken from naive rats, and from rats with carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia of one hindpaw. Reflex thresholds were lower in carrageenan preparations. Superfusion with meloxicam (10-100 microM) dose-dependently inhibited baseline reflexes and wind-up in normal and carrageenan preparations, whereas indomethacin (100-300 microM) had no effect. Thus meloxicam inhibits spinal reflexes, whereas indomethacin does not, despite its high affinity for both COX isoforms. We conclude that meloxicam has spinal antinociceptive actions which cannot be explained by the current concept of COX inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lopez-Garcia
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Laird
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002351:Carrageenan; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006614:Hindlimb; D006930:Hyperalgesia; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D000077239:Meloxicam; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010477:Perfusion; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013843:Thiazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D002351:Carrageenan; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496513:Ptgs1 protein, rat; D000077239:Meloxicam; D007213:Indomethacin