title: Effects of hydrolysis of milk glycerides on the antimutagenicity of a hexane extract of milk.
abstract: Reconstituted nonfat dry milk was treated with different amounts of lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Hexane extracts of treated milks were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide and assayed for antimutagenicity using the Ames test (Salmonella typhimurium TA 100) against N-methyl, N'-nitro, N-nitrosoguanidine. Anti-N-methyl, N'-nitro, N-nitrosoguanidine activity increased significantly as the amount of added lipase increased. At the highest lipase concentration tested, activity increased 5-fold, suggesting that liberated fatty acids contributed to the increased antimutagenicity. The activities of mixtures of pure fatty acids on antimutagenesis were examined using the Ames test. At the lowest concentrations tested, mixtures of palmitic and stearic acids and mixtures of palmitic and isopalmitic acids exhibited greater activity than did the individual acids. At all doses tested, mixtures of the monoacylglycerides of palmitic and stearic acids exhibited the same activity as the individual components. Quantification of fatty acids in milk and yogurt by gas chromatography indicated a 2 to 20-fold greater content of free fatty acids in yogurt. The increase in free fatty acids may contribute to the increase in antimutagenicity of yogurt relative to that of milk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Nadathur
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Lowry
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Bakalinsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D005989:Glycerides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006586:Hexanes; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D008066:Lipolysis; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015014:Yogurt / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005989:Glycerides; D006586:Hexanes; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D008049:Lipase; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide