title: Cantrell's syndrome: a challenge to the surgeon.
abstract: We present a case of partial Cantrell's syndrome with ventricular septal defect, left ventricular diverticulum, dextrorotation of the heart, an anterior diaphragmatic defect, and a midline supraumbilical abdominal wall defect with omphalocele. At the age of 20 months, the patient underwent a successful cardiac surgical procedure. To detect risk factors and to define therapeutic strategies, we analyzed the spectrum and the frequency of malformations described in 153 patients with Cantrell's syndrome. Despite modern surgical standards, Cantrell's syndrome represents a challenge to the surgeon because of the wide spectrum of anomalies, the severity of the abdominal and cardiac malformations, and the high mortality.
authors.affiliation: Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery and Pediatric Cardiology, Rheinisch-Westfälische-Technische Hochschule Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Vazquez-Jimenez
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Muehler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daebritz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keutel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishigaki
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huegel
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Messmer
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000601:surgery; D003914:Dextrocardia / Q000601:surgery; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D004240:Diverticulum / Q000601:surgery; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000601:surgery; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000601:surgery; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000601:surgery; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D017380:Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular / Q000601:surgery; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D013577:Syndrome; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery