A comparison of the efficacy of stimulus control for medicated and nonmedicated insomniacs.
A sample of 21 medicated and 20 nonmedicated insomniacs participated in a sleep medication withdrawal program that provided education about sleep medication and a gradual medication withdrawal schedule. Ten medicated participants received stimulus control treatment and the withdrawal program, and 11 medicated participants served as a control group that received only the withdrawal program. Half of the nonmedicated participants received stimulus control, and the remaining nonmedicated participants served as a wait-list control condition. Medicated participants significantly reduced sleep medication use without significant deterioration on sleep, anxiety, or depression measures from baseline to 8-week follow-up. Stimulus control participants, unlike control group participants, showed significant improvement at follow-up for total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and sleep quality. Stimulus control participants also reported less daytime sleepiness than control participants after treatment. Nonmedicated participants exhibited a more positive response to stimulus control than medicated participants.
Riedel
B
B
Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
Lichstein
K
K
Peterson
B A
BA
Epperson
M T
MT
Means
M K
MK
Aguillard
R N
RN
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D001569:Benzodiazepines