title: Clinical utility of long-term enalapril/diltiazem ER in stage 3-4 essential hypertension. Long-term Use of Enalapril/Diltiazem ER in Stage 3-4 Hypertension Group.
abstract: The use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium channel blockers, as monotherapies and in combination, is common in the management of hypertension. Clinical studies have documented the augmentation of blood pressure reduction when these agents are combined compared with the individual agents, in short-term studies. In the present investigation, 93 patients with stage 3-4 essential hypertension, who successfully completed a short-term double-blind study, participated in a 40-week open-label treatment phase. The patients were maintained on their previous doses of enalapril/diltiazem ER (E/D) with or without additional antihypertensive medications. Doses of medication could be adjusted as necessary for blood pressure control. Of the 93 patients, 68% were male and 82% were white; they averaged 52.7 years of age and had a baseline mean sitting blood pressure (SiBP) of 167/111 mmHg. The use of E/D alone (n = 14) reduced mean SiBP by 14.5/14.4 mmHg from baseline, whereas the use of E/ D with other agents (n = 79) decreased it by 27/20.5 mmHg from baseline. E/D alone or in combination with other drugs was well-tolerated, and no serious adverse events were noted. This long-term open-label study demonstrated that the E/D combination alone or with the addition of other antihypertensive drugs was effective, safe, and well-tolerated after prolonged administration.
authors.affiliation: Oklahoma Cardiovascular and Hypertension Center, Oklahoma City 73132-4904, USA.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Chrysant
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gavras
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Niederman
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Marbury
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004656:Enalapril / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004656:Enalapril; D004110:Diltiazem