title: Comparison of arterial and venous blood gas values in the initial emergency department evaluation of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether venous blood gas values can replace arterial gas values in the initial emergency department evaluation of patients with suspected diabetic ketoacidosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective comparison was performed in an adult university teaching hospital ED. Samples for arterial and venous blood gas analysis were obtained during initial ED evaluations. The venous gas samples were collected with samples for other blood tests at the time of intravenous line insertion. Both arterial and venous samples were obtained before the initiation of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from 44 episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis in 38 patients were analyzed. Laboratory findings of those patients with diabetic ketoacidosis were as follows (mean +/- SD): arterial pH, 7.20 +/- 14; venous pH, 7.17 +/- 13; serum glucose, 33.8 +/- 16 mmol/L (609 +/- 288 mg/dL); arterial HCO3-, 11.0 +/- 6.0 mmol; venous HCO3-, 12.8 +/- 5.5 mmol/L; serum CO2, 11.8 +/- 5.0 mmol/L; and anion gap, 26.7 +/- 7.6 mmol/L. The mean difference between arterial and venous pH values was 0.03 (range 0.0 to 0.11). Arterial and venous pH results (r = .9689) and arterial and venous HCO3- results (r = .9543) were highly correlated and showed a high measure of agreement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Venous blood gas measurements accurately demonstrate the degree of acidosis of adult ED patients presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis.
authors.affiliation: Section of Emergency Medicine & Trauma, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Brandenburg
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dire
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000097:blood; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection; D002648:Child; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004630:Emergencies; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014680:Veins
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates