title: Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), IL-1 beta, IL-1 receptor type I, IL-1 receptor antagonist, and TGF-beta 1 mRNAs in pediatric astrocytomas, ependymomas, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors.
abstract: Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), IL-1 beta, interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI, signaling receptor), and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra, endogenous inhibitor) are pivotal components of the IL-1 system. IL-1 and other cytokines induced by IL-1, such as TGF-beta 1, may participate in the growth of various tumor cells. In children, primary nervous system tumors represent the most common solid malignancy. We investigated the levels of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-1RI, IL-1Ra, and TGF-beta 1 mRNAs in pediatric astrocytomas (n = 19), ependymomas (n = 13), and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (n = 22) using sensitive and specific RNase protection assays. The data show a significant distinct cytokine mRNA profile among brain tumor types. Pilocytic, nonpilocytic, and anaplastic astrocytomas have significant increased levels of IL-1 beta, IL-1RI, and TGF-beta 1 mRNAs, but low levels of IL-1Ra mRNA; this may have implications for an IL-1 beta feedback system and IL-1 beta<-->TGF-beta 1 interactions in astrocytomas. Ependymomas show increased levels of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta mRNAs associated with low levels of IL-1Ra mRNA; primitive neuroectodermal tumors do not exhibit increased levels of any cytokine component examined. The data also suggest that a dysregulation of the balance between stimulatory and inhibitory cytokines may be involved in the growth and development of brain tumors via autocrine/paracrine mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716-2590, USA.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Ilyin
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: González-Gómez
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Gilles
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Plata-Salamán
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004806:Ependymoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D018242:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta