title: Diffuse alveolar damage in a patient treated with gemcitabine.
abstract: We present a case of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) that occurred in a male aged 68 yrs treated with gemcitabine, a novel antineoplastic agent, that was given for hepatic relapse of a previously resected non-small cell lung cancer. The patient developed acute respiratory failure after the sixth drug dose, and died 4 days after admission. Autopsy revealed a pattern of DAD. No evidence of infection or other specific aetiologies could be found. To our knowledge, only three cases of pulmonary toxicity resulting from treatment with gemcitabine have been published; two of them were fatal and postmortem examination revealed a pattern consistent with acute respiratory distress syndrome. A careful survey may determine the incidence of pulmonary toxicity of this new drug in the future.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Broncopneumologia, Ospedale E. Morelli, Sondalo, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marruchella
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fiorenzano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Merizzi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Chiodera
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000093542:Gemcitabine