title: Digital analysis of the pharmacological effects of in vitro ischemia on rabbit corpus cavernosum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Regulation of corporal smooth muscle tone is essential for the initiation of penile erection. In recent years, in vitro isometric tension studies using isolated corpus cavernosal tissue have been used extensively to investigate the mechanisms regulating corporal smooth muscle tone and tension. In the present study, we utilized digital analysis of contractile data generated from investigation of contractile and relaxation responses of isolated rabbit corpus cavenosum to various forms of stimulation. Digital analysis of the contractile and relaxation data allows quantitation of both maximal and mean rates of tension change, and time elapsed to maximal response. Rates of tension changes may provide additional important information regarding cellular events that mediate corporal tone and tension changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sexually mature male New Zealand White rabbits were used. Each corpus cavernosum was dissected sharply from the removed penis, then two longitudinal strips were prepared for isometric tension studies and placed in individual baths. Tension was monitored continually using an 8-channel Grass Polygraph. The Grass PolyVIEW system simultaneously converted analog signals to digital information and stored data using a 486 PC computer. Each corporal strip was prestimulated with 300 mumol/l phenylephrine to produce a maximal contraction, then field stimulation (FS), carbachol and nitroprusside were applied consecutively to determine relaxation effects. This procedure was repeated after strips were deprived of glucose and oxygen (in vitro ischemia) for 1 h. The following parameters were quantitated for all responses: maximal tension change; maximal and mean rates of tension change, and time to maximal response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Effects of 1-hour in vitro ischemia on rabbit corporal tissue were as follows: (1) an 85% decrease in contractile response to phenylephrine, and (2) a marked increase in rate of contractile response to phenylephrine. Phenylephrine precontracted strips exhibited: (3) no change in relaxant response to FS; (4) increased relaxant responses to carbachol and nitroprusside; (5) no change in rates of relaxation in response to FS; (6) increased rates of relaxation in response to carbachol and nitroprusside, (7) no change in elapsed time to maximal relaxation in response to FS, and (8) decreased elapsed time to maximal relaxation in response to carbachol and nitroprusside.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Digital analysis of the data generated facilitates recording, reviewing and analyzing of in vitro isometric tension studies on rabbit corpus cavernosum. Digital analysis allows quantification of additional parameters that have important implications for determination of mechanisms by which specific pathological processes occur.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Albany College of Pharmacy, NY 12208, USA.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Horan
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000187:drug effects; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D010656:Phenylephrine; D002217:Carbachol