title: Axonal regrowth through a collagen guidance channel bridging spinal cord to the avulsed C6 roots: functional recovery in primates with brachial plexus injury.
abstract: Intraspinal implantation of a collagen guidance channel (CGC) to promote axon regeneration was investigated in marmosets with brachial plexus injury. After avulsion of the right C5, C6 and C7 spinal roots, a CGC containing (group B) or not (group A) a nerve segment, or a nerve graft (group C), was ventro-laterally implanted into the cord to bridge the ventral horn and the avulsed C6 roots. No spinal cord dysfunction was observed following surgery. Two months later, the postoperative flaccid paralysis of the lesioned arm improved. In five months, a normal electromyogram of the affected biceps muscle was recorded in all repaired animals. Motor evoked potentials were obtained with a mean amplitude of 13.37 +/- 13.66 microV in group A, 13.21 +/- 5.16 microV in group B and 37.14 +/- 35.16 microV in group C. The force of biceps muscle contraction was 27.33 +/- 20.03 g (group A), 24.33 +/- 17.03 g (group B) and 37.38 +/- 21.70 g (group C). Retrograde tracing by horseradish peroxidase showed labelled motoneurons ipsilaterally located in the C5 and C6 ventral horn, nearby the implantation site. The mean labelled neurons was 32.33 +/- 21.13, 219.33 +/- 176.29 and 64.33 +/- 23.54 in group A, B and C respectively. Histological analysis presented numerous myelinated and unmyelinated regenerating axons in the implant of these animals. Statistical analysis did not show significant difference among the three repaired groups. Our results indicate that spinal neurons can regenerate through a CGC to avulsed nerve roots and induce motor recovery in primates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bodjarian
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Langlois
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bonnard
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boisset
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peulvé
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Saïd
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tadié
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002144:Callithrix; D003094:Collagen; D004576:Electromyography; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D010543:Peroneal Nerve / Q000637:transplantation; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase