title: Lupus humoral autoimmunity induced in a primate model by short peptide immunization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by humoral autoimmunity against the spliceosomal proteins, including Sm B/B'. In SLE patients with anti-Sm B/B' antibodies the proline rich sequence, PPPGMRPP, is the predominant Sm B/B' autoimmune epitope and appears to be an early target in the development of the anti-Sm B/B' response.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two female baboons were immunized with the PPPGMRPP peptide from the Sm B/B' spliceosomal protein constructed on a MAP backbone in Freund's adjuvant. One female control baboon was immunized with Freund's adjuvant alone. Baboon sera were collected and assessed for antibody binding to the spliceosomal proteins and compared to SLE patient and control sera.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peptide immunized baboons developed antibodies to multiple regions of the Sm B/B' protein, as well as reactivity against other spliceosomal proteins. Consistent with serologic manifestations found in SLE, experimental baboons also acquired anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-nuclear ribonucleoprotein (nRNP) antibodies and, in one animal, anti-double stranded DNA antibodies. The control animal had none of these immunologic findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunization with PPPGMRPP is capable of initiating a humoral autoimmune response in primates against the Sm, nRNP complex from which the peptide was derived. The additional autoantibody specificities generated in experimental animals are similar to those found in human SLE sera. This study is the first evidence of peptide induction of SLE humoral autoimmunity in a primate model.
authors.affiliation: University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, USA.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Arbuckle
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Scofield
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Hinshaw
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Harley
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000737:chemistry; D015551:Autoimmunity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D010215:Papio; D017411:Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear; D055517:snRNP Core Proteins
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D009842:Oligopeptides; D017411:Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear; D055517:snRNP Core Proteins