[Is crystalloid cardioplegia still a valid technique for myocardial myocardial protection?].
OBJECTIVE
The routine use of a cardioplegic solution for myocardial protection during the ischemic phase of cardiac surgery represents a great therapeutic advance. Two cardioplegic solutions are currently in use: crystalloid and blood solutions. As blood cardioplegia has been shown to offer superior myocardial protection, its use at present is widespread. We did a retrospective study to assess whether crystalloid cardioplegia might nevertheless continue to be useful.


METHODS
Forty patients with heart disease underwent surgery between March 1994 and March 1995, with the use of crystalloid cardioplegia (group A). Blood cardioplegia was used in 72 patients during the same period (group B).


RESULTS
There were no significant differences in clinical (age, arterial hypertension, diabetes, chronic bronchial disease, severity of angina, severity of heart disease) or surgical (emergency, percent use of the internal thoracic artery, duration of extracorporeal circulation) variables. The percentage of patients with low ejection fraction was higher in group B as a result of preoperative selection. The mean number of grafts was higher in group B than in group A (3.5% and 2.5, respectively) (p < 0.01). Postoperative results (use of inotropics, counterpulsation balloon, creatine phosphokinase, perioperative myocardial infarction or hospital mortality) were not significantly different. The percent of supraventricular arrhythmias after surgery was higher in group A than in group B (20% and 5%, respectively) (p < 0.05) and lactic dehydrogenase level was lower in group A than in group B (472 and 572 mu/l, respectively) (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
We believe that crystalloid cardioplegia continues to be a valid and effective myocardial protection technique in heart patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function.
Ortiz de Salazar
A
A
Servicio de Cirugía Cardíaca, Hospital de Basurto, Vizcaya.
Zuazo
J
J
González
J A
JA
Gandariasbeitia
I
I
Mancisidor
J R
JR
Olmos
M
M
Lasuen
J
J
D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000628:therapy*; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans
D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions