Genotype-phenotype correlation in myotonic dystrophy.
Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is caused by a mutation in the length of a trinucleotide (CTG) repeat in the 3' untranslated region of the myotonin protein kinase gene located on chromosome 19q13.3. The normal gene has between 5 and 36 CTG trinucleotide repeats, whereas minimally affected individuals have 50 copies and severely affected DM-patients have several thousands of such repeats. Since no information on a genotype phenotype correlation in Austrian DM-patients is available, we examined a small group of these patients for the unstable trinucleotide repeat. Molecular analysis was used to clarify equivocal clinical diagnoses and confirm clinical findings. We studied eight DM-families, a total of 57 individuals, of whom 18 were diagnosed with a trinucleotide repeat expansion. Twenty-six unrelated individuals served as a control. Clinical assessment was based on the muscular disability rating scale (MDRS) and a sum of symptoms score (SSS). There was a significant correlation between the clinical scores (MDRS: Spearman r = 0.51; p = 0.029: SSS: Spearman r = 0.538; p = 0.0259) used and the size of the amplification of the trinucleotide repeat. The largest expansion found in our group of patients was 6 kb. Furthermore, we observed both expansion and contraction of the enlarged fragment during transmission from one generation to the next.
Gharehbaghi-Schnell
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EB
Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vienna, Austria.
Finsterer
J
J
Korschineck
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I
Mamoli
B
B
Binder
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BR
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009223:Myotonic Dystrophy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010641:Phenotype; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats