title: Initial mercury evaporation from amalgams made with in-containing commercial alloys.
abstract: This study examined the Hg evaporation behavior during the early setting of amalgams that contain In in the alloy powders. Two different types of commercially available In-containing alloys were tested: an In-particle admixed powder (Indisperse, D) and an In-containing single-composition powder (Indiloy, S). Mercury evaporation from specimens (4 mm in dia, 8 mm tall) was monitored 10 min after trituration to 180 min using a mercury vapor analyzer according to the methods used in a previous study. The amounts released from 10 min to 180 min were compared with the results of our previous study on a single-composition amalgam (Tytin, T) with pure Hg and with Hg-In liquids (5 or 10%). Amalgam S and In-containing T terminated Hg evaporation within 180 min. There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in the amount released between T amalgam made using pure mercury and D, and between T amalgam made with 5% In-containing mercury and S amalgam. Mercury release from amalgam D was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than from S or both types of In-containing T amalgam. Adding In to mercury or alloying In into the alloy particles appeared to be more effective in reducing the mercury vapor than admixing pure In particles into the amalgam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials Science, Baylor College of Dentistry-Texas A&M University System, Dallas 75246, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lorenzana
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ferracane
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okabe
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003300:Copper; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D007204:Indium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008628:Mercury / Q000737:chemistry*; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D007204:Indium; C076832:Indisperse; C036886:tytin; C029301:indiloy; D003300:Copper; D003723:Dental Amalgam; D008628:Mercury