title: Ciprofloxacin inhibits activation of latent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in chronically infected promonocytic U1 cells.
abstract: The effect of ciprofloxacin, a quinolone antibiotic widely used to treat opportunistic bacterial infections in AIDS patients, was examined in the context of reactivation of latent HIV-1 in chronically infected promonocytic U1 cells. Ciprofloxacin inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, HIV-1 expression in U1 cells activated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The inhibitory effect of ciprofloxacin was associated with a reduction in the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, inhibition of activation of transcriptional factor NF-kappaB, and HIV LTR-driven gene expression. Furthermore, ciprofloxacin inhibited TNF-alpha-induced HIV expression in U1 cells. The concentrations of ciprofloxacin that inhibited HIV production are readily achievable in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA. SVGollap@uci.edu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gollapudi
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roshanravan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000821:virology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002939:Ciprofloxacin