title: Microleakage of multi-step and simplified-step bonding systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure and compare the microleakage of Class V resin composite restorations using the following three pairs of multi- and simplified-step dentin bonding systems (DBS): OptiBond vs. OptiBond FL, All-Bond 2 vs. One-Step, and Tenure vs. Tenure Quik.
  
  
  METHODS
  V-shaped cavities were prepared in the mesial and distal surfaces of 30 extracted human mandibular molars with margins in both enamel and cementum, and randomly assigned into three equal groups of 10 each. All DBSs were applied strictly following manufacturers' specifications before three incremental layers of resin composite (Pertac-Hybrid) were applied in all cavities. Specimens were stored for 7 days in 37 degrees C water, thermocycled for 300 cycles between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C, immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution for 24 hours, and embedded in resin before being sectioned longitudinally in multiple sections. Dye solution penetration at the tooth/composite interface was scored from 0 to 4 under a microscope at x100 at both enamel (E) and cementum (C) margins. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests with alpha = 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OptiBond FL and One-Step showed less microleakage at the cementum margins compared to their multi-step versions. At the enamel margins Tenure Quik showed less microleakage compared to Tenure, and none of the other DBSs tested showed significant dye penetration at that interface. All DBSs showed significantly less microleakage at the enamel margins compared to the cementum margins except for OptiBond FL and One-Step that did not show any significant dye penetration at the cementum margins as well.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Education Program in Prosthodontics, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, California, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castelnuovo
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Tjan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019237:Tooth Cervix
chemical_list: C103506:Bis-GMA, BPDM, HEMA dental-bonding resin; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; C092987:Optibond; C079764:Pertac hybrid; D019279:Resin Cements; C074811:Tenure adhesive; C100742:All-Bond 2; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate