title: Public perception of stroke warning signs and knowledge of potential risk factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Decreasing the time from stroke onset to hospital arrival and improving control of stroke risk factors depend on public knowledge of stroke warning signs and risk factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess current public knowledge of stroke warning signs and risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based telephone interview survey using random digit dialing conducted in 1995.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Greater Cincinnati, Ohio, metropolitan area, the population of which is similar to that of the United States overall in age, sex, percentage of blacks, and economic status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Respondents with age, race, and sex that matched the population of patients with acute stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Knowledge of risk factors for stroke and warning signs of stroke as defined by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Telephone calls were made to 17634 households, which yielded 2642 demographically eligible individuals. Interviews were completed by 1880 respondents (response rate, 71.2%). A total of 1066 respondents (57%) correctly listed at least 1 of the 5 established stroke warning signs, and of all respondents, 1274 (68%) correctly listed at least 1 of the established stroke risk factors. Of the respondents, 469 (57%) of 818 respondents with a history of hypertension listed hypertension, 142 (35%) of 402 respondents who were current smokers listed smoking, and 32 (13%) of 255 respondents with diabetes listed diabetes as a risk factor for stroke. Compared with those younger than 75 years, respondents 75 years or older were less likely to correctly list at least 1 stroke warning sign (60% vs 47%, respectively; P<.001) and were less likely to list at least 1 stroke risk factor (72% vs 56%, respectively; P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considerable education is needed to increase the public's awareness of the warning signs and risk factors for stroke. Respondents with self-reported risk factors for stroke are largely unaware of their increased risk. The population at greatest risk for stroke, the very elderly, are the least knowledgeable about stroke warning signs and risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH 45267-0769, USA. Arthur.Pancioli@uc.edu
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pancioli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Broderick
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kothari
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brott
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tuchfarber
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Khoury
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jauch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001364:Awareness; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors