title: Cognitive-behavioral treatment of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this open clinical trial was to examine the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral treatment involving exposure and ritual prevention for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Children and adolescents with diagnosed OCD (N = 14) received cognitive-behavioral treatment, seven patients received intensive treatment (mean = 18 sessions over 1 month) and seven received weekly treatment (mean = 16 sessions over 4 months). Eight of these patients received concurrent treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors and six received cognitive-behavioral treatment alone. Outcome was assessed via interviewer ratings on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Obsessive Compulsive Rating Scales for Main Fear and Main Ritual, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cognitive-behavioral treatment was effective in ameliorating OCD symptoms. Twelve of the 14 patients were at least 50% improved over pretreatment Y-BOCS severity, and the vast majority remained improved at follow-up; mean reduction in Y-BOCS was 67% at posttreatment and 62% at follow-up (mean time to follow-up = 9 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that cognitive-behavioral treatment by exposure and ritual prevention is effective for pediatric OCD. Controlled studies with random assignment to conditions are warranted to evaluate the relative efficacy of cognitive-behavioral pharmacological, and combined treatments.
authors.affiliation: Allegheny University of the Health Sciences, Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kozak
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cashman
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Coles
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rheingold
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Foa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000628:therapy*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors