title: Mutational analysis of a transforming growth factor-beta receptor binding site.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta s (TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, -beta 3) are important regulators of cell growth and differentiation which share approximately 70% identical amino acids. Using LS513 colorectal cells, which are growth inhibited by TGF-beta 1 (ED50 of 100 pM), but are refractory to TGF-beta 2 (ED50 of 50,000 to 100,000 pM), we have determined that amino acids 92-98 of TGF-beta specify growth inhibition. The chimeric protein TGF-beta 1/beta 2(92-98), in which amino acids 92-98 of TGF-beta 1 were exchanged for the corresponding amino acids of TGF-beta 2, was indistinguishable from TGF-beta 2 at inhibiting growth of LS513 cells. In contrast, both TGF-beta 1/beta 2(92-95) and TGF-beta 1/beta 2(94-98) inhibited the growth of LS513 cells with an ED50 of approximately 1000 pM. TGF-beta 1/beta 2(95-98), in which amino acids 95-98 of TGF-beta 1 have been replaced with the corresponding amino acids of TGF-beta 2, had full activity and was indistinguishable from TGF-beta 1. Receptor cross-linking experiments demonstrated that binding of the chimeras to the type I and type II receptors of LS513 cells was consistent with their biological activity. TGF-beta 1/beta 2(95-98), TGF-beta 1/beta 2(92-95) and TGF-beta 1/beta 2(94-98) were each similar to TGF-beta 2 in that they failed to bind to the soluble Type II receptor in a solid-phase assay. These results demonstrate that amino acids 92-98 are involved in the interaction between TGF-beta and its signaling receptors and they show that modest changes within this region can substantially alter biological response.
authors.affiliation: Marshfield Medical Research Foundation, WI 54449, USA.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Burmester
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ohlsen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Sporn
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta