title: Cardiovascular effects of fluoxetine in depressed patients with heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the cardiovascular effects of fluoxetine in depressed patients with cardiac disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven depressed patients (26% of whom were female and whose average age was 73 years) who had congestive heart failure, conduction disease, and/or ventricular arrhythmia were studied in an open medication trial of fluoxetine, up to 60 mg/day, for 7 weeks. The main outcome measures were heart rate and rhythm measured by 24-hour ECG recordings, ejection fraction determined by radionuclide angiography, cardiac conduction intervals, and blood pressure. Baseline values were compared with those at weeks 2 and 7 of fluoxetine treatment. In 60 comparable patients, values of these same cardiovascular measures at baseline and after 3 weeks of treatment with a tricyclic antidepressant, nortriptyline, were also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fluoxetine induced a statistically significant 6% decrease in heart rate, a 2% increase in supine systolic pressure, and a 7% increase in ejection fraction. There was no effect on cardiac conduction, ventricular arrhythmia, or orthostatic blood pressure. Overall, 4% of the fluoxetine patients had an adverse cardiovascular effect. In contrast, nortriptyline treatment caused a significant increase in heart rate and orthostatic hypotension, and 20% of the nortriptyline-treated patients had an adverse cardiovascular effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In depressed patients with heart disease, fluoxetine treatment was not associated with the cardiovascular effects documented for the tricyclic antidepressants or with significant adverse cardiac events. However, limited conclusions about fluoxetine's cardiovascular effects and safety can be drawn from this study of only 27 patients monitored for 7 weeks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Roose
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Glassman
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Attia
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Woodring
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Giardina
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Bigger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007024:Hypotension, Orthostatic / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D009661:Nortriptyline / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D005473:Fluoxetine; D009661:Nortriptyline; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors