title: Risk factors for hemiretinal vein occlusion: comparison with risk factors for central and branch retinal vein occlusion: the eye disease case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Possible risk factors for hemiretinal vein occlusion were identified and compared with risk factor profiles for central and branch retinal vein occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The design was a multicenter case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors identified 79 patients with hemiretinal vein occlusion (HRVO), 258 patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), 270 patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), and 1142 control subjects at 5 clinical centers. Risk factor data were obtained through interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory analyses of blood specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systemic hypertension and history of diabetes mellitus were associated with increased risk of HRVO. Risk of CRVO increased with history of diabetes, systemic hypertension, and higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (females only); risk of CRVO decreased with increasing amounts of physical activity and increasing amounts of alcohol consumption. Systemic hypertension, higher body mass index, and higher alpha2-globulin levels were associated with increased risk of BRVO, whereas higher high-density lipoprotein levels and increasing levels of alcohol consumption were associated with decreased risk of BRVO. Glaucoma history was associated with all three types of retinal vein occlusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients presenting with retinal vein occlusion should be evaluated for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and glaucoma.
authors.affiliation: National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2510, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Sperduto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hiller
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seigel
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Farber
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Gragoudas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haller
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Seddon
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Yannuzzi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012169:Retinal Vein / Q000473:pathology; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology