title: kappa-Opioid receptor binding populations in rhesus monkey brain: relationship to an assay of thermal antinociception.
abstract: The binding characteristics of the kappa opioid ligands [3H]U69,593 and [3H]bremazocine, the mu opioid ligand [3H][D-ala2,N-Me-Phe4,glycol5]enkephalin and the delta opioid ligand [3H]p-Cl-[D-pen2,5]enkephalin were studied in rhesus monkey brain membranes in saturation binding experiments and were followed by competition binding experiments with a variety of peptidic and nonpeptidic opioid ligands. The [3H]U69,593 sites appeared to be a subset of kappa opioid receptors (kappa-1 receptors: Kd, 1.2 nM; Bmax, 66 fmol/mg). [3H]Bremazocine (in the presence of mu and delta receptor-masking agents), bound to a larger population of kappa receptors (kappa-all: Kd, 0.39 nM; Bmax, 227 fmol/mg), which presumably included the aforementioned kappa-1 sites. Competition binding experiments revealed that the presently defined kappa-1 sites were similar to previously reported sites in other mammalian species, particularly in terms of the higher kappa-1 selectivity observed with arylacetamide (e.g., U50,488) vs. benzomorphan kappa agonists (e.g., ethylketocyclazocine). The kappa-selective antagonist norbinaltorphimine (nor-BNI) displayed a very small (2.3-fold) selectivity for kappa-1 vs. kappa-all sites. This led to the prediction that in rhesus monkeys (n = 3), systemically administered nor-BNI (10 mg/kg s.c.) should have a very moderate degree of antagonist selectivity for the antinociceptive effects of a putative kappa-1-agonist, the arylacetamide U50,488 (0.1-3.2 mg/kg s.c.), vs. those of the benzomorphan kappa agonist ethylketocyclazocine (0.01-056 mg/kg s.c.). This prediction was confirmed in vivo because nor-BNI (10 mg/kg) caused a robust and long lasting (up to 21 days) antagonism of the antinociceptive effects of U50,488 and a small but significant antagonism of ethylketocyclazocine. The arylacetamide congener Cl-977 (enadoline), which displayed an 11-fold kappa-1 vs. kappa-all binding selectivity, was not sensitive to nor-BNI pretreatment. This indicates that the kappa subtype-binding profile of an agonist is not necessarily predictive of its sensitivity to nor-BNI in vivo. Overall, the present results suggest that at least two functional kappa receptor populations may be present in rhesus monkey brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. butelme@rockvax.rockefeller.edu
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Butelman
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sobczyk-Kojiro
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Mosberg
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van Bemmel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zernig
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Woods
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000494:pharmacology; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002077:Butorphanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D009266:Nalbuphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D001572:Benzofurans; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; C051844:norbinaltorphimine; D009271:Naltrexone; C067110:enadoline; D009266:Nalbuphine; D002077:Butorphanol