title: Pyothorax-associated lymphoma: relationship with Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes virus-8 and body cavity-based high grade lymphomas.
abstract: Pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) is a newly-described entity developing several decades after artificial pneumothorax treatment for pulmonary or pleural tuberculosis. It is known to be associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with constant expression of the two latent membrane proteins: latent membrane protein (LMP)-1 and EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA)-2. We are reporting three new cases of PAL. All of the tumours were of B-cell lineage and classified as large-cell diffuse lymphomas according to the International Working Formulation for the Classification of Lymphomas. The EBV genome was detected in two of the cases with LMP-1 and EBNA-2 expression. No EBV could be detected in the third case suggesting that different mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Body cavity-based high grade lymphomas (BCBL) represent a new disease, developing mainly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients: the tumoural cells often contain both human herpes virus (HHV)-8 (or Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus) and EBV genomes, suggesting that these viruses might co-operate in the pathogenesis of the disease. The pleural location and the association of EBV have led to speculation that PAL could also be related to HHV-8 infection. However, no HHV-8 genome could be detected in any of the 14 tested cases already reported in the literature nor in the two cases we studied (one EBV-positive and one EBV-negative), suggesting that PAL and BCBL are two different entities.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique de l'Hôpital E Herriot, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tanière
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manai
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Charpentier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Terdjman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boucheron
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cordier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016724:Empyema, Pleural / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D016678:Genome; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology*; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C037662:EBV-associated membrane antigen, Epstein-Barr virus; D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins