title: Beta-amyloid(Phe(SO3H)24)25-35 in rat nucleus basalis induces behavioral dysfunctions, impairs learning and memory and disrupts cortical cholinergic innervation.
abstract: Long-term behavioral effects, changes in learning and memory functions and aberrations of cholinergic fibers projecting to the parietal cortex were investigated after bilateral injections of beta-amyloid(Phe(SO3H)24)25-35 peptide in rat nucleus basalis magnocellularis (nbm). The beta-amyloid peptide used in these experiments contained the original beta-amyloid 25-35 sequence which was coupled to a phenylalanine-sulphonate group at position 24. This additional residue serves as a protective cap on the molecule without influencing its neurotoxic properties and results in water-solubility, stability and low rates of peptide metabolism. In this paper, home cage, locomotor and open-field activities, passive shock-avoidance and 'Morris' water maze learning abilities were assessed throughout a 35-day survival period. Subsequently, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry was used to visualize alterations of parietal cortical cholinergic innervation. In response to the neurotoxic action of beta-amyloid(Phe(SO3H)24)25-35, a progressive hyperactivity developed in the rats in their home cages which were maintained throughout the 5-week post-injection period. This was accompanied by a significant hypoactivity in the novel environment of a locomotor arena. Beta-amyloid(Phe(SO3H)24)25-35-treated animals showed greatly impaired cortical memory functions in the step-through passive shock-avoidance paradigm, while spatial learning processes remained unaffected. Moreover, beta-amyloid(Phe(SO3H)24)25-35 injections in the nucleus basalis suppressed explorative behavior in rats and inhibited conditioned stress responses 28 days after surgery. Reductions of cortical cholinergic (AChE-positive) projections provided anatomical substrate for the behavioral changes. This indicated extensive, long-lasting neurodegenerative processes as a result of beta-amyloid(Phe(SO3H)24)25-35 infusion.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Division, Haynal Imre University of Health Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harkany
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'Mahony
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soós
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Törõ
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Penke
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Luiten
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nyakas
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gulya
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Leonard
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004597:Electroshock; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000523:psychology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D009479:Neuropeptides; D009498:Neurotoxins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C112082:beta-amyloid(phenyl(SO3H)24)25-35 peptide; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase