title: Role of intrathymic rat class II+ cells in maintaining deletional tolerance in xenogeneic rat-->mouse bone marrow chimeras.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mixed xenogeneic bone marrow chimerism and tolerance can be induced in mice conditioned with a nonmyeloablative regimen followed by injection of T cell-depleted rat bone marrow cells. We hypothesized that, despite a gradual decline in rat hematopoiesis observed in these chimeras, as long as rat class II+ antigen-presenting cells remain in their thymi, tolerance will persist as a result of deletion of donor-reactive thymocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The level of chimerism and of mouse Vbeta5 and Vbeta11 T-cell deletion was followed over time. These results were correlated with the presence of rat class II+ cells in the thymus by immunohistochemistry and the presence of tolerance in long-term chimeras by in vivo and in vitro assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) Proliferation and cytotoxicity assays, as well as skin graft survival, demonstrated the presence of specific tolerance to host and to donor rat, with normal reactivity to third-party rat and mouse stimulators, even as late as 85 weeks after bone marrow transplantation. (2) The absence of mature Vbeta5+ and Vbeta11+ host T cells in the thymus and periphery was always associated with the presence of rat class II+ cells in the thymus, and incomplete deletion of T cells expressing these Vbeta families was observed in thymi in which rat class II+ cells were not detectable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Donor-specific T-cell tolerance is maintained during the period when donor-type reconstitution declines, and is most likely mediated by intrathymic clonal deletion of T cells that recognize antigens expressed on class II+ rat cells.
authors.affiliation: Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nikolic
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sergio
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Swenson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sykes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000502:physiology*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002678:Chimera / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D017637:Clonal Deletion / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000032:analysis*; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta