Respiratory mechanics and gas exchange during one-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery: the effects of end-inspiratory pause in stable COPD patients.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the effects of end-inspiratory pause (EIP) of different durations on pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange during one-lung ventilation (OLV) for thoracic surgery.


METHODS
A prospective clinical study.


METHODS
A university hospital.


METHODS
Eleven patients undergoing elective pulmonary resection with pulmonary hyperinflation on their preoperative pulmonary function studies.


METHODS
Patients were anesthetized, paralyzed, and intubated with a double-lumen endotracheal tube. Their lungs were ventilated with a Siemens 900C ventilator (Siemens; Solna, Sweden), with constant inspiratory flow. Tidal volume, respiratory rate, and inspiratory time were kept constant during the study.


RESULTS
During one-lung ventilation in the lateral decubitus position, three levels of EIP (0%, 10%, and 30%) were applied to the dependent lung in random order. After 15 minutes on the given ventilatory pattern, end-inspiratory and end-expiratory occlusions of at least 5 seconds were performed to obtain respiratory mechanics data. Arterial blood gas samples were drawn to assess gas exchange. Altering the duration of end-inspiratory pause from 0% to 30% resulted in a significant increase in intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) from 4.1 cm H2O to 7.0 cm H2O. Arterial oxygenation was significantly decreased from 109.7 to 80.5 mmHg and there was a significant negative correlation between the value of partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) and PEEPi by altering the duration of end-inspiratory pause. From the preoperative pulmonary function studies, the value of functional residual capacity (FRC) (% predicted) showed a significant negative correlation with the PaO2 changes. Partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) was not altered significantly by increasing the duration of end-inspiratory pause.


CONCLUSIONS
During the period of OLV in the lateral position of patients with preexisting pulmonary hyperinflation, the magnitude of PEEPi increased and oxygenation decreased significantly, whereas the efficacy of ventilation was not changed by the addition of an end-inspiratory pause to the ventilatory pattern. Because arterial oxygenation is affected by the presence of pulmonary hyperinflation, the method of ventilation should take into account the magnitude of preoperative pulmonary hyperinflation.
Bardoczky
G I
GI
Department of Anesthesiology, Erasme University Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Belgium.
d'Hollander
A A
AA
Rocmans
P
P
Estenne
M
M
Yernault
J C
JC
D000368:Aged; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D011187:Posture; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D019616:Thoracic Surgical Procedures
D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen