title: Early modification of host cell gene expression induced by HIV-1.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Characterization of the effects of infection with HIV-1 on cellular gene expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Differential RNA display was applied to compare uninfected and HIV-1LAI-infected CEM cells 24 h post-inoculation. Differential bands were selected, cloned and several clones per band were sequenced. RNase protection assay was used to confirm differential display findings in HIV-1LAI-infected CEM cells as well as in another T-cell line (H9) infected with a different strain (HIV-1 SF33)
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve differentially expressed bands, six up- and six downregulated in HIV-infected cells compared with controls, were selected. Four of the six upregulated bands were HIV transcripts. RNase protection assay of the remaining eight bands confirmed differential expression of four genes, including induction of a mariner transposase and moesin as well as suppression of alpha-nascent polypeptide-associated complex and mitochondrial heat shock protein 75 in HIV-1-infected cell cultures. Furthermore, a significant increase of glioma pathogenesis-related protein was found by RNase protection assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on this initial limited differential display analysis, it was estimated that expression of 3% of the host genes was altered by HIV-1. Amongst the identified gene modifications, the induction of a mariner transposase may alter cellular gene expression itself, whilst the enhanced expression of glioma pathogenesis-related protein suggests a role in the host cell response to viral infection. The increase in moesin may facilitate viral budding and uptake. Furthermore, the suppression of alpha-nascent polypeptide-associated complex may promote translocation of HIV-1 polypeptides into the endoplasmic reticulum, whereas the downregulation of mitochondrial heat shock protein 75 may contribute to a cytopathic effect on mitochondria and possibly impairs antigen presentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
authors.forename: U J
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Scheuring
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Corbeil
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Mosier
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Theofilopoulos
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D015751:Genes, pol / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics; D019895:Transposases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C094538:GLIPR1 protein, human; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; C092306:TRAP1 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; C096099:nascent-polypeptide-associated complex; C071058:moesin; D019895:Transposases