title: Tactical vs. other simulated aerial combat maneuvers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a need for a more operationally relevant +Gz profile for centrifuge-based research and evaluation. This article describes a simulated aerial combat maneuver (SACM) named the Tactical Aerial Combat Maneuver (TACM).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A more representative centrifuge-based SACM can be devised for high-G acceleration research and evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  TACM consists of 9G x 5 s, 5G x 1 s, 8G x 5 s, and 4G x 2 s. TACM was compared against the widely accepted 4.5-7G and 5-9G SACMs. There were 15 centrifuge subjects used in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TACM accounted for all four incidents of G-Induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC); and most incidents of blackouts (5 of 8) observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TACM simulates the seesaw pattern of +Gz forces of aerial combat and retains the reproducibility needed for acceleration research and evaluation. TACM captures the high onset, high amplitude +Gz changes of aerial combat when G-LOC and blackouts are more likely to occur. TACM should be particularly useful for evaluation of G-protective equipment and maneuvers, as well as fighter aircrew medical evaluations.
authors.affiliation: Crew Technology Division, Armstrong Laboratory, Brooks AFB, TX, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: U I
authors.initials: UI
authors.lastname: Balldin
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Dooley
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D000401:Aircraft; D005260:Female; D006112:Gravitation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D014474:Unconsciousness / Q000209:etiology; D014857:Warfare