title: Once-daily aminoglycosides: practical guidelines.
abstract: There is ample evidence that once-daily dosing of aminoglycosides is preferable to the conventional regimens during the treatment of serious infections. Experimental and clinical studies also provide evidence that this regimen can be safely used in children, neutropenic patients and endocarditis. The use of once-daily tobramycin in cystic fibrosis merits further study, as the pharmacokinetics of the aminoglycosides are altered in these patients. The dose-adjustment strategy in patients with renal failure is still controversial, but reducing the daily dose whilst maintaining the q24-h interval has been demonstrated to be safe. Although the value of serum level monitoring in ensuring efficacy and avoiding toxicity has been overestimated in the past, especially in patients with renal failure, an undesirable accumulation of the aminoglycosides can occur. The best way to detect accumulation remains to be defined.
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, Netherlands. j.m.prins@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Prins
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Speelman
mesh_terms: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents