title: Microvessel density as a prognostic marker for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prognostic significance of mean vascular density (MVD) in a variety of transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) obtained by biopsy and cystectomy, and thus determine the importance of vascular density as a prognostic indicator for vesical TCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumour vasculature was visualized using factor VIII immunohistochemistry. The MVDs of tumours from 42 cystectomy specimens were correlated with patient survival over a maximum follow-up of 156 months. The results were also compared with those obtained from initial bladder biopsy in a subset of 29 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five patients had died over a mean follow-up of 32 months. The MVDs from cystectomy specimens ranged from 29 to 229 vessels per medium-power field (0.94 mm2) while that for biopsies before cystectomy ranged from 51 to 155 vessels. The MVD for both cystectomy and biopsy specimens showed a significant association with survival, but this was absent in a multivariate analysis that included tumour stage and grade, and there was a poor correlation between the MVD of cystectomy- and biopsy-derived tumours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The assessment of tumour vascularity appears to be of little clinical importance for vesical TCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Hawke
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Delahunt
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Davidson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery