title: An in-vitro test for assessing the viability of Ascaris suum eggs exposed to various sewage treatment processes.
abstract: A simple procedure using Ascaris suum as a model for Ascaris lumbricoides in testing the ability of sludge treatment processes to kill the eggs of parasitic roundworms was developed. Unembryonated and embryonated A. suum eggs were placed in a mesophilic anaerobic sludge digester or a sludge lagoon, or stored at 4 degrees C. Unembryonated eggs were recovered and incubated at 32.5 degree C and 90-95% r.h. for 48 h and viable eggs developed embryos consisting of two or more clearly defined cells. This viability was confirmed by further incubation for 30 days, when motile first-stage larvae were seen. Infectivity was demonstrated by administering larvated eggs to worm-fee pigs and recovering adult worms from the small intestine at necropsy. After 1 week in a mesophilic anaerobic digester, 95% of A. suum eggs produced two-cell larvae into vitro, with 86% progressing to motile larvae. After 5 weeks in the digester 51% progressed to motile larvae. Between 42% and 49% of eggs stored in a sludge lagoon for 29 weeks were viable and able to develop motile larvae. In the case of eggs that were embryonated before treatment, > 98% survived up to 5 weeks in the digester and were able to develop motile larvae. More than 90% of embryonated eggs survived for 29 weeks in the sludge lagoon and were able to develop motile larvae.
authors.affiliation: NSW agriculture, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Camden, Australia. Johnsop@agric.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D001196:Ascariasis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary; D017165:Ascaris suum / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000469:parasitology; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D008297:Male; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D012722:Sewage / Q000469:parasitology*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage