title: Characterization of the myoglobin and its coding gene of the mollusc Biomphalaria glabrata.
abstract: A cDNA clone isolated from a Biomphalaria glabrata (Mollusca, Gastropoda) neural cDNA library was identified as encoding a myoglobin-like protein of 148 amino acids with a single domain and a calculated mass of 16,049.29. Alignment with globin sequences with known tertiary structure confirms its overall globin nature. The expressed myoglobin was identified in the radular muscle and isolated. Oxygen equilibrium measurements on the protein reveal a high oxygen affinity. Val-B10 and Gln-E7, important residues for the determination of the oxygen affinity, are strikingly different from the standard molluscan pattern (Conti, E., Moser, C., Rizzi, M., Mattevi, A., Lionetti, C., Coda, A., Ascenzi, P., Brunori, M., Bolognesi, M. (1993) J. Mol. Biol. 233, 498-508). The single gene encoding the globin chain is interrupted by three introns at positions A3.2, B12.2, and G7.0. Comparison with other nonvertebrate globin genes reveals on the one hand conservation (B12.2 and G7.0) and on the other hand variability of the insertion positions (A3.2). The Biomphalaria myoglobin sequence was used together with all other molluscan globin sequences available to assess the origin and phylogeny of the phylum. Our results confirm the doubts raised about monophyletic origin of the Mollusca, which was first observed using SSU rRNA as a molecular marker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dewilde
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Winnepenninckx
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Arndt
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kerlavage
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Geoghagen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Marck
authors.forename: L X
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moens
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008974:Mollusca / Q000235:genetics*; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D009211:Myoglobin; D010100:Oxygen