title: Noninvasive differential diagnosis between chronic pulmonary thromboembolism and primary pulmonary hypertension by means of Doppler ultrasound measurement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this investigation was to differentiate chronic pulmonary thromboembolism (CPTE) from primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) by using noninvasive Doppler ultrasound techniques.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  A recent investigation in our laboratory has indicated that the pulmonary artery (PA) pressure waveform conveys significant information that can be used to differentiate CPTE from PPH. Pulse pressure was markedly larger in CPTE than in PPH, indicating that the major occlusive site is central in CPTE and peripheral in PPH.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 19 patients with CPTE and 16 patients with PPH, we estimated PA systolic pressure and diastolic pressure from the velocities of tricuspid regurgitation and pulmonary regurgitation, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Estimated systolic pressure was not significantly different between CPTE and PPH (mean [+/-SD] 81+/-20 and 79+/-21 mm Hg, respectively, p=NS). Pulse pressure normalized by systolic pressure was higher in CPTE than in PPH (0.82+/-0.05 vs. 0.63+/-0.10, respectively, p < 0.01). Pulse pressure normalized by mean pressure was also higher in CPTE than in PPH (1.65+/-0.30 vs. 0.94+/-0.25, respectively, p < 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that pulse pressure normalized by systolic pressure separated CPTE from PPH, with a sensitivity of 0.95 and a specificity of 1.00. Pulse pressure normalized by mean pressure also separated them, with a sensitivity of 0.95 and a specificity of 1.00.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Normalized pulse pressures estimated from Doppler ultrasound measurements enable us to noninvasively differentiate between CPTE and PPH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugimachi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyatake
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sunagawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies