title: The use of magnification in endodontic therapy: the operating microscope.
abstract: Clinicians have recognized that the use of magnification can improve the performance of dental procedures. Of the various magnification systems available, loupes have been the most popular, yet their magnification is limited. This article reviews and describes the function and clinical application of the surgical operating microscope (SOM), emphasizing its utilization in endodontic treatment. Several cases are presented to document the clinical procedure and to illustrate the difference between operative procedures performed without magnification and those completed using the SOM with micromirrors.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Khayat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods