title: Effects of phentermine on striatal dopamine and serotonin release in conscious rats: in vivo microdialysis study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the effects of phentermine, an appetite supressant, on the release of brain dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) into striatal dialysates of freely moving rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unanesthetized rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples collected every 20 min were assayed for both neurotransmitters in a single run, using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline levels of DA and 5-HT in dialysates were 56+/-16 and 3+/-0.6 fmol/20 microl, respectively. Administration of phentermine (2 or 5 mg/kg) increased dialysate DA concentrations to 147+/-17% (P < 0.01) and 320+/-89% (P < 0.01) of baseline, respectively, without significantly affecting 5-HT concentrations. Pretreatment with tetrodotoxin (TTX, 60 min, 1 microM), which abolished the basal release of DA and 5-HT into striatal dialysates, diminished the increase in DA concentrations induced by phentermine, but did not completely block it. Phentermine (2 or 5 mg/kg, i.p.) still stimulated DA release to 27+/-13% and 85+/-15% of baseline, respectively, in the presence of TTX.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phentermine increases brain DA but not 5-HT release in freely moving rats, and TTX reduces, but does not fully block this effect. This pattern is similar to that known to be produced by d-amphetamine.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge 02139, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balcioglu
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wurtman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D010477:Perfusion; D010645:Phentermine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001067:Appetite Depressants; D012701:Serotonin; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D010645:Phentermine; D004298:Dopamine