title: The effects of delayed hormone replacement therapy on estrogen receptors of the cynomolgus monkey bladder and vagina.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine cytosolic estrogen receptor content of the cynomolgus monkey bladder and vagina after hormone replacement therapy. Animals maintained without hormone therapy for 2 years after surgical menopause were randomized to receive either no hormones (OVX), conjugated equine estrogens (CEE), or estrogen/medroxyprogesterone acetate (CEE + MPA) treatment for 30 months. Estrogen receptor content of bladder and vagina cytosolic extracts was determined using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Estrogen receptors were uniformly present, although the vaginal concentration was 100-fold greater than in the bladder. Estrogen and combination therapy significantly decreased cytosolic receptor content in both sites compared with controls. The cynomolgus urogenital tract remains estrogen sensitive 2 years after surgical menopause. Prolonged exposure to estrogens decreases cytosolic estrogen receptor content in a manner similar to that described for short-term estrogen therapy. These results suggest that the effects of hormone replacement on the urinary tract can be identified even if initiated years after menopause.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Register
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014621:Vagina / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D004967:Estrogens; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate