title: Antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired lower respiratory tract bacterial pathogens isolated in the UK during the 1995-1996 cold season.
abstract: The antimicrobial susceptibility of 1078 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae, 348 Streptococcus pneumoniae and 258 Moraxella catarrhalis was determined. Overall 15.1% of H. influenzae produced beta-lactamase; 98.8% were susceptible to co-amoxiclav, 85.8% to cefaclor, 96% to clarithromycin and 100% to ciprofloxacin. The majority (94.2%) of M. catarrhalis produced beta-lactamase. The overall prevalence of low-level penicillin resistance (MIC = 0.12-1 mg/L) amongst isolates of S. pneumoniae was 3.4% and that of high-level resistance (MIC > or = 2 mg/L) was 3.7%. Most (96.3%) of the isolates of S. pneumoniae were susceptible to amoxycillin (MIC < or = 0.5 mg/L), 96% to cefaclor (MIC < or = 8 mg/L), 90.7% to clarithromycin (MIC < or = 0.25 mg/L) and 89% to ciprofloxacin (MIC < or = 1 mg/L).
authors.affiliation: GR Micro Ltd, London, UK. gr.micro@dial.pipex.com
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Felmingham
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tesfaslasie
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Harding
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shrimpton
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Grüneberg
mesh_terms: D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000668:Ampicillin Resistance; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D002433:Cefaclor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003139:Common Cold / Q000382:microbiology*; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D001936:Moraxella catarrhalis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D010406:Penicillins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000382:microbiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance; D001618:beta-Lactamases
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D010406:Penicillins; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002433:Cefaclor; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D000667:Ampicillin; D001618:beta-Lactamases; D017291:Clarithromycin