Impact of intuitive theories on feature recruitment throughout the continuum of expertise.
Expertise in object domains involves both the perceptual learning of the differentiating and higher order features that are indicative of concepts and the elaboration of intuitive theories. Triad-similarity judgments, feature-salience ratings, and verbal protocols were used to investigate the effects of theories on the recruitment of features across different categorization contexts, as well as the degree to which expert categorization skills transferred to less familiar domains. Whereas novices considered features that indicated overall similarity to be more perceptually salient than were modified parts that indicated taxonomic relations, experts found them equally salient. Experts' theories were instrumental in directing feature recruitment in contexts involving identification, image generation, and similarity decisions. Experts' theories also supported the transfer of categorization skills to related, less familiar domains. The relation of mutual dependence between perceptual learning and theory development throughout the continuum of expertise is considered.
Johnson
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KE
Psychology Department, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3275, USA. kjohnso@iupui.edu
Mervis
C B
CB
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001364:Awareness; D001717:Birds / Q000145:classification; D003210:Concept Formation; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D019545:Intuition; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D011340:Problem Solving