title: Cloning and characterization of a gene encoding the major surface protein of the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis.
abstract: The maternally inherited intracellular symbiont Wolbachia pipientis is well known for inducing a variety of reproductive abnormalities in the diverse arthropod hosts it infects. It has been implicated in causing cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis, and the feminization of genetic males in different hosts. The molecular mechanisms by which this fastidious intracellular bacterium causes these reproductive and developmental abnormalities have not yet been determined. In this paper, we report on (i) the purification of one of the most abundantly expressed Wolbachia proteins from infected Drosophila eggs and (ii) the subsequent cloning and characterization of the gene (wsp) that encodes it. The functionality of the wsp promoter region was also successfully tested in Escherichia coli. Comparison of sequences of this gene from different strains of Wolbachia revealed a high level of variability. This sequence variation correlated with the ability of certain Wolbachia strains to induce or rescue the cytoplasmic incompatibility phenotype in infected insects. As such, this gene will be a very useful tool for Wolbachia strain typing and phylogenetic analysis, as well as understanding the molecular basis of the interaction of Wolbachia with its host.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Braig
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Dobson
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: O'Neill
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004330:Drosophila / Q000382:microbiology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009036:Moths / Q000382:microbiology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012287:Rickettsiaceae / Q000235:genetics*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C112171:Wsp protein, Wolbachia