title: Thoracoscopic transmyocardial laser revascularization.
abstract: Transmyocardial laser revascularization has been used to treat patients with end-stage coronary artery disease and severe disabling angina. Typically, the operative approach is through a left anterior thoracotomy. I report a case of transmyocardial laser revascularization performed thoracoscopically.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA. khorvath@nmh.org
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Horvath
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000601:surgery; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000601:surgery; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000379:methods*; D010496:Pericardium / Q000601:surgery; D013906:Thoracoscopy; D013908:Thoracotomy
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide