Cellular factors in the transcription and replication of viral RNA genomes: a parallel to DNA-dependent RNA transcription.
Viral RNA replication and transcription involves not only viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases, but also cellular proteins, the majority of which are subverted from the RNA-processing or translation machineries of host cells. These factors interact with viral RNA or polymerases to form transcription or replication ribonucleoprotein complexes and may provide template specificity for RNA-dependent RNA synthesis, suggesting a close parallel to the mechanism of DNA-dependent RNA synthesis. The types of cellular proteins involved and their modes of action are reviewed.
Lai
M M
MM
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033-1054, USA. michlai@hsc.usc.edu
D000818:Animals; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism; D013698:Templates, Genetic; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D011506:Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases