Water-soluble cooling lubricants induce airway hyperresponsiveness in rabbits.
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to water-soluble cooling lubricants (CL) induced by aerosol administered by tracheal tube was studied in a rabbit model of occupational lung disease. Two commercial CL were examined: the first was of the boric acid amine ester type without biozide (CL-BAE), the second was of the sulfonate type with biozide (CL-SB). 50, 5.0 or 0.5 mg/m3 CL was administered over a period of twice 2 h to six different groups of rabbits. Airway responsiveness (AR) to aerosols of 0.2% and 2.0% acetylcholine solution (ACH) was measured before and after each exposure to CL. A control group A of nine animals not exposed to CL showed no significant respiratory responses following inhalation of 0.2% ACH for 1 min. Conversely, inhalation of 2.0% ACH almost doubled the dynamic elastance (Edyn) in the ACH challenge test in this animal group. Airway resistance (RI), Edyn, slope of inspiratory pressure generation (delta Pes/tI), arterial pressure (Pa) and arterial blood gas tensions (PaO2, PaCO2) were not significantly altered during and after exposures to CL. However, after CL-BAE inhalation of 50 and 5 mg/m3 over 4 h, the amplitude of the ACH-induced airway obstruction indicated by the changes in Edyn rose significantly to almost five times the control response before exposure (group C, D, p < 0.005). Similar changes in RI and delta Pes/tI were obtained. After inhalation of 0.5 mg/m3 CL-BAE (group D), no significant changes in AR were observed. Similar to CL-BAE inhalation of 50 mg/m3, CL-SB caused enlarged AR in the ACH challenge test (group E), whereas no significant changes were found after exposure to 5.0 and 0.5 mg/m3 in groups F and G. In summary, CL aerosols with and without biozide in the range of 50 and 5 mg/m3 applied via tracheal tubes increased AR to ACH within 4 h of exposure in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. It has to be assumed that this augmented AR indicates an increased risk of developing lubricant-induced obstructive lung diseases.
Marek
W
W
Forschungsinstitut für Frühdiagnose und Therapie des Bronchialkarzinoms, Klinik für Pneumologie und respiratorische Allergologie, Augusta-Kranken-Anstalt, Bochum, Deutschland.
Mensing
T
T
Fricke
H
H
Baur
X
X
D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000336:Aerosols; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008153:Lubrication; D011817:Rabbits; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water
D000336:Aerosols; D014867:Water; D000109:Acetylcholine