title: Reduction of sleeping metabolic rate after vertical banded gastroplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether long-term weight loss after vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) results in a sustained reduction of sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) as a persistent risk factor for weight regain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal clinical intervention study of morbidly obese patients undergoing VBG.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group I: Six patients in which body composition and SMR were measured before and at 3, 6 and 12 months after VBG. Group II (long-term effect): nine patients in which body mass (BM) was measured before VBG, and body composition and SMR were measured 98+/-30 months after VBG.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body composition was assessed by deuterium dilution and hydrostatic weighing. SMR was measured (SMRm) in a respiration chamber and predicted (SMRp) based on body composition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group I, fat mass and fat free mass decreased significantly after VBG (P < 0.05). SMRm decreased from 11.1+/-1.8 (s.d.) MJ/d before VBG to 8.1+/-0.9 MJ/d (P < 0.05) at 12 months after VBG. In group II at a mean of 98 months after VBG, the SMRm (6.9+/-0.7 MJ/d) was lower than the preoperative value of group I (P < 0.05). SMRm was lower than SMRp at all intervals after VBG (P < 0.05). The ratio measured vs predicted SMR was in group I: 1.02+/-0.05 before VBG, 0.91+/-0.08 at 12 months after VBG (P<0.05), and in group 11: 0.94+/-0.08 at a mean of 98 months after VBG (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reduction of SMR adjusted for body composition after VBG is sustained as long as weight loss is maintained. The sustained and disproportional reduction of SMR may reflect the persistent susceptibility of the postobese to weight regain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: van Gemert
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Westerterp
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Greve
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Soeters
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015391:Gastroplasty / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology