title: Imaging brain activation induced by long trains of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
abstract: Using positron emission tomography (PET), we measured the relative changes in regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglc) during 2 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the left sensorimotor cortex (SM1) and during imitation of rTMS-induced arm movements. Such stimulation caused an rCMRglc increase of about 8% within the SM1. The relative rCMRglc increase within SM1 was significantly greater in magnitude and larger in area during voluntary imitation of rTMS-induced arm movements. Moreover, the rostral part of the SMA was significantly more activated by voluntary movements than during rTMS. Combining rTMS and PET has the potential to visualize rTMS-related net brain activation, and may open up new possibilities for functional network analysis by comparing willed brain activation with electromagnetic brain activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Siebner
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Willoch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peller
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Auer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boecker
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bartenstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D013003:Somatosensory Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose