title: Nasopharyngeal colonization with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in chinchillas.
abstract: Colonization of the nasopharynx by a middle ear pathogen is the first step in the development of otitis media in humans. The establishment of an animal model of nasopharyngeal colonization would therefore be of great utility in assessing the potential protective ability of candidate vaccine antigens (especially adhesins) against otitis media. A chinchilla nasopharyngeal colonization model for nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) was developed with antibiotic-resistant strains. This model does not require coinfection with a virus. There was no significant difference in the efficiency of NTHI colonization between adult (1- to 2-year-old) and young (2- to 3-month-old) animals. However, the incidence of middle ear infection following nasopharyngeal colonization was significantly higher in young animals (83 to 89%) than in adult chinchillas (10 to 30%). Chinchillas that had recovered either from a previous middle ear infection caused by NTHI or from an infection by intranasal inoculation with NTHI were completely protected against nasopharyngeal colonization with a homologous strain and were found to be the best positive controls in protection studies. Systemic immunization of chinchillas with inactivated whole-cell preparations significantly protected animals not only against homologous NTHI colonization but also partially against heterologous NTHI infection. In all protected animals, significant serum anti-P6 and anti-HMW antibody responses were observed. The outer membrane P6 and high-molecular-weight (HMW) proteins appear to be promising candidate vaccine antigens to prevent nasopharyngeal colonization and middle ear infection caused by NTHI.
authors.affiliation: Research Center, Pasteur Merieux Connaught Canada, North York, Ontario. ypyang@ca.pmc-vacc.com
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Loosmore
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Underdown
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D002682:Chinchilla; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000276:immunology*; D007114:Immunization; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000209:etiology; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D013307:Streptomycin