title: Electrocardiographic identification of abnormal ventricular depolarization and repolarization in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to gain more insight into the arrhythmogenic etiology of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (VF) by assessing ventricular depolarization and repolarization properties by means of various electrocardiographic (ECG) techniques.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Idiopathic VF occurs in the absence of demonstrable structural heart disease. Abnormalities in ventricular depolarization or repolarization have been related to increased vulnerability to VF in various cardiac disorders and are possibly also present in patients with idiopathic VF.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 17 patients with a first episode of idiopathic VF, 62-lead body surface QRST integral maps, QT dispersion on the 12-lead ECG and XYZ-lead signal-averaged ECGs were computed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subjects of a healthy control group had a normal dipolar QRST integral map. In patients with idiopathic VF, either a normal dipolar map (29%,), a dipolar map with an abnormally large negative area on the right side of the thorax (24%) or a nondipolar map (47%) were recorded. Only four patients (24%) had increased QT dispersion on the 12-lead ECG and late potentials could be recorded in 6 (38%) of 16 patients. During a median follow-up duration of 56 months (range 9 to 136), a recurrent arrhythmic event occurred in 7 patients (41%), all of whom had an abnormal QRST integral map. Five of these patients had late potentials, and three showed increased QT dispersion on the 12-lead ECG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with idiopathic VF, ventricular areas of slow conduction, regionally delayed repolarization or dispersion in repolarization can be identified. Therefore, various electrophysiologic conditions, alone or in combination, may be responsible for the occurrence of idiopathic VF. Body surface QRST integral mapping may be a promising method to identify those patients who do not show a recurrent episode of VF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Heart-Lung Institute, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands. j.a.vangestel@hli.azu.nl
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sippensgroenewegen
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Wever
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Potse
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Daniëls
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Grimbergen
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Hauer
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Robles de Medina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018780:Body Surface Potential Mapping; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology