title: Pulmonary manifestations in cement workers in Jordan.
abstract: Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function were studied in a cross-sectional survey of 348 Portland cement workers in Jordan. The workers were differently exposed to dust for at least 3 years. The geometric means +/- SE of respiratory cement dust concentrations were 0.5 +/- 2.1, 1.6 +/- 2.61 and 3.9 +/- 4.02 mg/m3 in the three determined levels of exposure, respectively. About 42% of the workers reported various chronic respiratory symptoms, but cough, dyspnea, and asthma were most prevalent (18.7%, 17.5% and 15.8%, respectively). The prevalence of respiratory symptoms did not tend to increase with tenure. Asthma was significantly associated with the age of 30-39 years and showed a proportionate association with exposure level. Smokers had higher rates of symptoms than non-smokers. Rates of cough, phlegm, and wheeze increased proportionally to the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Overall pulmonary function indices were normal. When the independent variables were fit into a regression model, age significantly affected FEV1/FVC and current smoking affected FEF25-75%. It is concluded that inhalation of cement dust irritates the respiratory tree without markedly affecting lung function, and smoking aggravates this effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Sciences and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: AbuDhaise
authors.forename: A Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Rabi
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: al Zwairy
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: el Hader
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: el Qaderi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004391:Dust / Q000009:adverse effects; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007597:Jordan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D004391:Dust