title: Comparison of psychosocial adaptation of advanced stage Hodgkin's disease and acute leukemia survivors. Cancer and Leukemia Group B.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term psychosocial adaptation of Hodgkin's disease and adult acute leukemia survivors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seventy-three Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 206 adult acute leukemia (AL) survivors were interviewed by telephone concerning their psychosocial adjustment and problems they attributed to having been treated for cancer, using identical research procedures and a common set of instruments. The following measures were used: Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS); Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI); current Conditioned Nausea and Vomiting triggered by treatment-related stimuli (CNVI); Indices of Employment, Insurance and Sexual Problems Attributed to Cancer; Negative Socioeconomic Impact of Cancer Index (NSI). All participants had been treated on one of nine Hodgkin's disease or 13 acute leukemia Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) clinical trials from 1966-1988, and had been off treatment for one year or more (mean years: HD = 5.9; AL = 5.6).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HD survivors' risk of having a high distress score on the BSI was almost twice that found for AL survivors (odds ratio = 1.90), with 21% of HD vs. 14% of AL survivors (P < 0.05) having scores that were 1.5 standard deviations above the norm, suggestive of a possible psychiatric disorder. HD survivors reported greater fatigue (POMS Fatigue, P = 0.01; Vigor Subscales, P = 0.001), greater conditioned nausea (CNVI, P < 0.05), greater impact of cancer on their family life (PAIS Domestic Environment, P = 0.004) and poorer sexual functioning (PAIS Sexual Relationships, P = 0.0001), than AL survivors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment-related issues may have placed HD survivors at a greater risk for problems in long-term adaptation than AL survivors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Kornblith
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Herndon
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zuckerman
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Cella
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cherin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wolchok
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Diehl
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schiffer
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Canellos
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schilling
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Holland
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D011788:Quality of Life; D012042:Registries; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*