title: [Value of high-dose interferon-alpha in chronic viral hepatitis C patients non-responder to a 1st treatment. Pilot study prospective and randomized trial].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different doses of alpha interferon (IFN) for retreatment in chronic hepatitis C patients who were non responders to initial treatment by IFN at a dose of 3 MIU TIW for 6 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  This open, pilot, prospective, randomized and bicentric study included patients with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis C. Non response was defined as serum ALT levels > 2 upper limit of normal for the entire first treatment period, HCV RNA positivity by PCR at the end of the first treatment period, and the persistence of histologically-proven chronic active hepatitis after the first treatment period. Patients were randomized into two groups: group I received IFN alpha 2b 10 MIU TIW for 2 months, then 6 MIU TIW for 4 months, group 2 received IFN alpha 2b 6 MIU TIW for 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty three patients (17 male, 6 female, mean age: 38.7 +/- 9.1 years) were included: 14 were randomized in group 1 and 9 in group 2. Both groups were similar for the main clinical, biochemical, and histological variables. At the end of retreatment, 2 patients (14.2%) had biochemical and virological response in group 1 and 4 in group 2 (44.4%) (non significant). Only one biochemical and virological sustained response was observed in group 2 (11.1%) (non significant). There was no difference between the groups for complete and sustained response. An overall statistical significant improvement of Knodell score was observed (7.8 +/- 3.8 vs 9.6 +/- 3.2, P < 0.02) in the 18 patients who had a second biopsy 6 months after the end of therapy, while the Knodell score did not change at the end of the first treatment period. This improvement was statistically significant in group 2 (5.4 +/- 3.0 vs 9.2 +/- 9.5 before treatment, P < 0.02) and concerned intralobular necrosis (P < 0.05). The Metavir index did not change. The number of side-effects was similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that histological improvement may be obtained after IFN retreatment in some patients who are non-responders to the first treatment, despite an absence of biochemical and/or virological response.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Hôpital A.-Michallon, Grenoble.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rolachon
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kézachian
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Causse
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baud
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leroy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maynard-Muet
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pasquier
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zarski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
vernacular_title: Intérêt de l'interféron alpha à forte dose chez les malades atteints d'une hépatite virale chronique C non répondeurs à un premier traitement. Etude pilote prospective et randomisée.