title: Rapsyn clusters neuronal acetylcholine receptors but is inessential for formation of an interneuronal cholinergic synapse.
abstract: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) are clustered at high density in the postsynaptic membranes of skeletal neuromuscular junctions and cholinergic interneuronal synapses. A cytoplasmic protein, rapsyn, is essential for AChR clustering in muscle. Here, we asked whether rapsyn mediates neuronal AChR clustering at cholinergic synapses in a mammalian sympathetic ganglion, the superior cervical ganglion (SCG). Several observations supported this possibility: (1) AChR clusters containing the alpha3-5 and beta2 subunits, homologs of the muscle AChR subunits, are present at SCG synapses; (2) rapsyn RNA is readily detectable in the SCG; and (3) expression of recombinant rapsyn in heterologous cells induces aggregation of coexpressed neuronal AChR subunits. However, rapsyn protein was undetectable at ganglionic synaptic sites. Moreover, aggregates of neuronal AChRs induced in heterologous cells by full-length rapsyn remained intracellular, whereas rapsyn-induced clusters of muscle AChRs reached the cell surface. Additional studies revealed a second rapsyn RNA species in SCG generated by alternative splicing and competent to encode a novel short rapsyn isoform. However, this isoform clustered neither neuronal nor muscle AChRs in heterologous cells. Most telling, the number, size, and density of AChR clusters in SCG did not differ significantly between neonatal mice bearing a targeted mutation of the rapsyn gene and littermate controls. Thus, rapsyn is dispensable for clustering of ganglionic neuronal nicotinic AChRs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Steinbach
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sanes
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002799:Cholinergic Fibers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000737:chemistry*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017783:Superior Cervical Ganglion / Q000166:cytology; D013569:Synapses / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; C073441:gephyrin; C051609:peripheral membrane protein 43K