title: Status epilepticus increases CSF levels of neuron-specific enolase and alters the blood-brain barrier.
abstract: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a sensitive marker of brain damage in stroke, global ischemia, and coma. Serum NSE is also correlated with the duration and outcome of status epilepticus (SE). CSF-NSE levels have not been previously reported in SE. We report the CSF concentrations of NSE in 11 patients with cryptogenic/remote symptomatic SE. CSF obtained within 24 hours of SE showed increased concentrations of NSE in 9 of 11 patients. The mean CSF-NSE for the group was elevated compared with the levels for normal control subjects (30.8 +/- 18.33 versus 10.76 +/- 3.08 ng/mL; p = 0.002). Further, CSF-NSE levels were elevated compared with simultaneous serum levels in the same group of patients (p = 0.01). In addition, the CSF/serum albumin ratio (QAlb), a measure of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, was increased in SE patients compared with control individuals (33.4 versus 4.79 x 10(-3); p = 0.0001). An increase of QAlb correlated with CSF-NSE (rs = 0.66, p = 0.04) and serum NSE levels (rs = 0.83, p = 0.004). CSF-NSE is a promising in vivo marker for brain injury after SE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, LAC/USC Medical Center, USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Correale
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rabinowicz
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Heck
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Loskota
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: DeGiorgio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase