title: Effects of anesthetics on norepinephrine release in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus region of awake rats.
abstract: The effects of pentobarbital sodium, chloralose and urethane on norepinephrine (NE) release in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) region were examined in awake rats. An in vivo microdialysis method was used. Extracellular NE concentrations in the PVN region were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Pentobarbital sodium (30 mg/kg, intravenously [i.v.]) and chloralose (50 mg/kg, i.v.) caused a 30-40% decrease in NE release while urethane (800 mg/kg, i.v.) caused a 50% increase. Plasma NE concentration was not altered after pentobarbital sodium and chloralose administrations, except for its increase in chloralose at 5 h, while the concentration increased significantly (P < 0.01) after urethane. These results suggest that, in the rat, these anesthetic agents have different effects on noradrenergic activity in the PVN region as well as on plasma NE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: Q H
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kunitake
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takasaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kannan
mesh_terms: D000777:Anesthetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002698:Chloralose / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D010286:Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014520:Urethane / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D002698:Chloralose; D014520:Urethane; D010424:Pentobarbital; D009638:Norepinephrine