title: Measurement reliability of dynamic x-rays of the cervical spine: an experimental model.
abstract: A blind test of measurement reliability was performed in vitro using lateral x-rays of cervical vertebrae. Dry specimens of C3 and C4 were mounted in a movable frame and flexion/extension was simulated. Lateral x-rays were taken for each degree from 15 degrees flexion to 15 degrees extension. Then the x-rays were measured by four raters. The results show a high level of absolute measurement error. This suggests caution in accepting existing literature data on cervical x-ray measurements unless some indicator of the personal measuring accuracy of the rater is specified. The procedure described in this paper can be used to ascertain such accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Capaccioli
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montigiani
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Donati
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Puglisi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giurovich
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Puglisi
mesh_terms: D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011859:Radiography; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity