title: A newly developed shunt system for carotid surgery: T-shaped silicone shunt tubes and clamping devices: technical note.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the use of a shunt during carotid endarterectomy has been controversial, a convenient shunt system is still required.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have devised an intraluminal shunt system, T-shaped silicone shunt tubes, and clamping devices for carotid surgery. The tube has enough pliability and length to be used in a looped or U-shaped mode and constructs a T-shape with a side arm available for monitoring blood pressure in the shunt system. Clamping devices, such as modified Sugita ring clips and encircle type bulldog clamps, make it possible to hold the tube by a simple maneuver and to minimize the intimal damage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This shunt system has been used in 170 carotid endarterectomies and other 10 carotid surgical operations, and the mortality and morbidity rates were 0% and 2.4%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This shunt system can be safely and easily used for cervical carotid surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Chugoku Rousai Hospital, Kure, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamane
mesh_terms: D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000601:surgery*; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000601:surgery*; D003250:Constriction; D004617:Embolism / Q000209:etiology; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006406:Hematoma / Q000209:etiology; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*