title: Marginal leakage of amalgam restorations pretreated with various liners.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare the microleakage of amalgam restorations lined with four different liners.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cylindrical occlusal cavities were prepared in extracted human molars and the teeth were then divided into four groups and lined with one of four liners: Amalcoden, AM (glass-metal ionomer), FujiDuet, FD (glass ionomer), Amalgambond, AB (adhesive resin), or copal varnish, CV. Each cavity was then restored with a high-copper amalgam alloy and aged for 7 days in 37 degrees C distilled water. The specimens were then thermocycled for 300 cycles followed by immersion in 0.5% basic fuchsin dye solution for 24 hours. The teeth were then embedded in resin, sectioned, and dye penetration at the tooth/amalgam interface evaluated microscopically at x 100 and scored from 0 to 4 (0 = no leakage and 4 = greatest leakage).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median values were: AM = 1.0; FD = 0.5; AB = 1.1; and CV = 4.0. Statistical analysis using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U indicated no significant differences between AM and AB or FD and AB. CV was however, significantly worse at P < 0.01.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, CA 92350, USA.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Tjan
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Tjan
mesh_terms: D003723:Dental Amalgam; D003736:Dental Cavity Lining / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D004395:Dye Dilution Technique; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008689:Methacrylates; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: C091019:AMALCODEN; C070606:Amalgambond; C113301:FujiPlus; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D008689:Methacrylates; C092987:Optibond; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D019279:Resin Cements; D003723:Dental Amalgam