title: Impaired glutathione peroxidase activity accounts for the age-related accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in activated human neutrophils.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As assessed by flow cytometry, the increase in hydrogen peroxide in individual neutrophils from old volunteers was significantly greater than in neutrophils from young volunteers. To explain the discrepancy in previous reports that showed reduced superoxide generation with age and our finding, we measured the kinetics of antioxidative enzymes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neutrophils were obtained from young (ages 21-34) and old (ages over 65) volunteers. The increase in hydrogen peroxide following stimulation with formyl peptide in individual neutrophils was assessed by flow cytometry by using dihydrorhodamine 123. The enzyme kinetics was determined from the best fit curve using Michaelis-Menten equations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aging was associated with a significant reduction in the Vmax for glutathione peroxidase. The decreased activity was not due to selenium deficiency as the serum and neutrophil concentrations were identical with age. Following activation, a significant increase in the Km was noted in neutrophils from young but not from old volunteers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results account for the increased intracellular accumulation of hydrogen peroxide as a function of age in stimulated neutrophils. These results provide evidence in humans of an age-related impairment in antioxidative defense mechanisms that support the free radical theory of aging.
authors.affiliation: Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kajkenova
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Feuers
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Udupa
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lipschitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000097:blood*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012643:Selenium / Q000097:blood; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D012643:Selenium