Awareness with recall during general anesthesia: incidence and risk factors.
We studied the associated factors and incidence of awareness during general anesthesia and the nature of subsequent psychiatric disorders. Patients older than 12 yr undergoing surgery under general anesthesia in a secondary care hospital during 1 yr were included in the study. The doses of anesthetics were calculated for the patients with and without awareness. There were 4818 operations under general anesthesia; 2612 (54%) patients were interviewed. Ten (0.4% of those interviewed) patients were found to have undisputed awareness, and there were nine (0.3%) patients with possible awareness. The doses of isoflurane (P < 0.01) and propofol (P < 0.05) were smaller in patients with awareness. Five patients with awareness underwent a psychiatric evaluation. One patient experienced sleep disturbances afterward, but the other four patients did not have any after effects. In conclusion, awareness is a rare complication of general anesthesia associated with small doses of anesthetics.


CONCLUSIONS
In an interview of 2612 patients after general anesthesia, 10 (0.4%) patients with awareness and 9 (0.3%) patients with possible awareness were found. A predisposing factor was small doses of the principal anesthetic. In a psychiatric interview, a large proportion of the patients with awareness were found to have suffered from depression in the past.
Ranta
S O
SO
Department of Anaesthesia, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland. seppo.ranta@huch.fi
Laurila
R
R
Saario
J
J
Ali-Melkkilä
T
T
Hynynen
M
M
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001364:Awareness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004325:Dreams; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016037:Single-Blind Method