Antifungal pharmacodynamic characteristics of fluconazole and amphotericin B against Cryptococcus neoformans.
The activity of fluconazole and amphotericin B against three isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans was evaluated, with fluconazole and amphotericin B MICs of 2.0-4.0 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L respectively, using time-kill curve methods. Fluconazole was fungistatic against all isolates tested (<99.9% decrease in cfu from initial inoculum). The fungistatic activity of fluconazole was not enhanced by increasing the concentration of antifungal in solution. In contrast, amphotericin B was markedly fungicidal (> or = 99.9% decrease in cfu from initial inoculum). Both the rate and the extent of amphotericin B activity were enhanced when drug concentration was increased.
Klepser
M E
ME
University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City 52242, USA. michael.klepser@uiowa.edu
Wolfe
E J
EJ
Pfaller
M A
MA
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000382:microbiology; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects*; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole