title: Left ventricular function in young adults with childhood and adulthood onset growth hormone deficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The impairment of heart structure and function in adults with childhood onset GH deficiency has been recently described. However, previous echocardiographic studies have reported no differences in cardiac mass and function between adulthood onset GH deficient patients and healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiac performance in adult patients with childhood and adulthood onset GH deficiency, using equilibrium radionuclide angiography, a method more accurate than echocardiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients with childhood onset GH deficiency, 9 patients with adulthood onset GH deficiency and 12 age-, gender-, height- and weight-matched healthy subjects entered the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the study population underwent equilibrium radionuclide angiography at rest and during physical exercise.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both childhood and adulthood onset GH deficient patients had an impaired left ventricular systolic performance both at rest (ejection fraction was 55 +/- 6%, 55 +/- 10% and 66 +/- 6% in childhood and adulthood onset GH deficient patients and control group, respectively; P < 0.0001) and during physical exercise (ejection fraction was 54 +/- 9% in childhood onset GH deficient patients, 53 +/- 9% in adulthood onset GH deficient patients and 76 +/- 7% in normal subjects; P < 0.0001). Peak ejection rate was 3.2 +/- 0.8 end-diastolic volume/second, 3.0 +/- 0.6 end-diastolic volume/second and 3.9 +/- 0.8 end-diastolic volume/ second in childhood and adulthood onset GH deficient patients and control group, respectively (P < 0.01). Exercise-induced changes in end-systolic volume were increased in both groups of patients compared with healthy subjects. In contrast, exercise-induced end-diastolic volume changes were not different between GH deficient patients and controls. Resting peak filling rate was 2.6 +/- 0.7 end-diastolic volume/second, 2.5 +/- 0.7 end-diastolic volume/ second and 3.1 +/- 0.3 end-diastolic volume/second in the 2 groups of patients and healthy subjects, respectively (P < 0.05). Reduced exercise tolerance in all patients, as shown by the significantly lower values of peak workload (P < 0.0001), peak rate-pressure product (P < 0.01) and exercise duration (P < 0.0001) was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients affected by GH deficiency have left ventricular systolic dysfunction at rest and during physical exercise, suggesting that GH plays a physiological role in maintaining normal cardiac performance in humans. Furthermore, no difference between childhood and adulthood onset GH deficient patients was found indicating that both group of patients have an impairment of cardiac function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology, Center of the National Council of Research (CNR), Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Longobardi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuocolo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Merola
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Rella
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colao
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nicolai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cardei
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvatore
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombardi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000172:deficiency*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011875:Radionuclide Angiography; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013599:Systole; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone