title: Systemic hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and renal effects of a steady-state infusion of human brain natriuretic peptide in patients with hemodynamically decompensated heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human brain natriuretic peptide (hBNP) is a promising agent for the treatment of decompensated cardiac failure. However, the systemic hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and renal effects of hBNP have been incompletely studied in human heart failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The effects of a continuous 4-hour infusion of hBNP were determined in 16 decompensated heart failure patients in an invasive, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients were evaluated during three 4-hour study periods: baseline, treatment (placebo [n = 4] versus hBNP 0.025 or 0.05 microgram/kg/min [n = 12]), and post-treatment. Urinary volume losses were replaced hourly to separate the vasodilatory and diuretic effects of hBNP. Two patients in the hBNP group were excluded from the analysis because of adverse events. hBNP significantly (P < .001) reduced right atrial pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure by approximately 30% and 40%, respectively. hBNP also significantly lowered systemic vascular resistance from 1722 +/- 139 to 1101 +/- 83 dynes.s.cm-5 (P < .05). These unloading effects of hBNP produced a 28% increase in cardiac index (P < .05) with no change in heart rate. Compared to placebo, hBNP decreased plasma norepinephrine and aldosterone. Renal hemodynamics were unaffected by hBNP; however, most patients were resistant to its natriuretic effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1) The predominant hemodynamic effects of hBNP were a decrease in cardiac preload and systemic vascular resistance. 2) hBNP also improved cardiac output without increasing heart rate. 3) Plasma norepinephrine and aldosterone levels decreased during hBNP infusion. 4) hBNP is pharmacologically active and has potential in the therapy for decompensated heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver. william.abraham@uc.edu
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Lowes
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Odom
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bristow
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Schrier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004489:Edema, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D000450:Aldosterone; D012964:Sodium; D009638:Norepinephrine