title: Tumor clearance of technetium 99m-sestamibi as a predictor of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since we have previously shown that the efflux rate of technetium 99m (99mTc) sestamibi, a transport substrate of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), is directly correlated with Pgp levels in untreated breast carcinoma, we tested whether tumor clearance of 9mTc-sestamibi may be predictive of therapeutic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine patients with stage III disease, median tumor diameter 5.8 cm (range, 3 to 10) were enrolled onto this prospective clinical trial and underwent 99mTc-sestamibi scan before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients were injected intravenously (i.v.) with 740 MBq of 99mTc-sestamibi; a 15-minute dynamic study was performed, and static planar images were obtained at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 hours. The time to half clearance of 99mTc-sestamibi was calculated in each patient from decay corrected time-activity curves using a monoexponential fitting. Patients were treated with epirubicin 150 mg/m2 i.v. every 2 weeks for three courses and then underwent surgery within 3 weeks from the completion of chemotherapy. Residual tumor was assessed by pathologic examination of mastectomy specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen of 39 patients showed a rapid tumor clearance of 9mTc-sestamibi (time to half clearance [t1/2] < or = 204 minutes) and 15 of these 17 (88%) showed a highly cellular macroscopic residual tumor at histology that indicated lack of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In contrast, only eight of 22 (36%) with prolonged retention of 99mTc-sestamibi (t1/2 > 204 minutes) showed residual macroscopic tumor at histology (Fisher's exact test, P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A rapid tumor clearance of 99mTc-sestamibi may predict lack of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with drugs affected by the multidrug-resistant phenotype in patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciarmiello
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Del Vecchio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Silvestro
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Potena
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Carriero
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Botti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Aiuto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvatore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D015411:Mastectomy, Modified Radical; D008875:Middle Aged; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015251:Epirubicin; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi