Expression of macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) mRNA in macrophages is enhanced by interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and lipopolysaccharide.
A cDNA encoding the C-C chemokine MDC was isolated from a human macrophage cDNA library by differential hybridization using monocyte- and macrophage-specific cDNA probes. During monocyte to macrophage differentiation in vitro, MDC expression is first detected after 1 day of culturing and reaches maximum levels after 6 days when macrophages have fully matured, as judged from the expression of known macrophage marker genes. Exposure of macrophages to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) results in a dose-dependent increase in MDC mRNA levels, with maximum induction occurring after 6-8 h, whereas expression levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-2, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) respond much faster to LPS. Furthermore, MDC expression in macrophages is enhanced by the inflammatory mediators TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Similar to other TNF-alpha/IL-1beta-inducible genes, costimulation of macrophages with both cytokines leads to higher MDC expression levels than stimulation with a single cytokine. By contrast, both resting and activated monocytes do not express MDC mRNA.
Rodenburg
R J
RJ
Department of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Brinkhuis
R F
RF
Peek
R
R
Westphal
J R
JR
Van Den Hoogen
F H
FH
van Venrooij
W J
WJ
van de Putte
L B
LB
D054422:Chemokine CCL22; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000235:genetics*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
C515482:CCL22 protein, human; D054422:Chemokine CCL22; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha