title: Prenatal diagnosis: evolution in craniofacial surgery.
abstract: Prenatal diagnosis of craniomaxillofacial malformations permits early surgery, before 6 months of life and possibly, in the near future, in utero, thereby obtaining the best aesthetic and functional results. Increased knowledge of embryology has largely improved the diagnosis of craniomaxillofacial anomalies, their classification, and therapeutic protocols. We analyzed nine pregnancies (one twin) in which cleft lip and palate (CLP)--isolated or associated with, for example, holoprosencephaly, hypertelorism, and micrognathia--was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Only one fetus of these pregnancies was later operated on in our unit. This patient, with 7 years follow-up, represents our clinical case. For these cases, early diagnosis of CLP allowed informed parental choice regarding the continuation or termination of the affected pregnancy and planning of surgical procedures to correct the malformation. This is demonstrated by the presented clinical case involving an infant operated on within 6 months with success.
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial Unit, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: De Ponte
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bottini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maggi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cascone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iannetti
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D019767:Maxillofacial Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D011247:Pregnancy; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000639:trends*; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal