title: Analysis of the human Sonic Hedgehog coding and promoter regions in sacral agenesis, triphalangeal thumb, and mirror polydactyly.
abstract: The human Sonic Hedgehog gene (SHH) is one of the vertebrate homologs related to the Drosophila segment polarity gene hedgehog. The entire coding and promoter region of the SHH gene, including 2 kb 5' of the transcriptional start site has been screened for mutations in families with autosomal dominant sacral agenesis and autosomal dominant triphalangeal thumb, two conditions previously known to be linked to 7q36. We have also studied the SHH gene in five families with mirror polydactyly associated with tibial hemimelia and in 51 unrelated patients with neural tube defects. Except for two sequence variants in exon 3, no mutations were found in these disease categories. OFF
authors.affiliation: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roessler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gaudenz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Belloni
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Whitehead
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Kirke
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hooper
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Felix
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gereige
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Canún
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Antonarakis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Strachan
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Tsui
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muenke
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002897:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005091:Exons; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017689:Polydactyly / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D012445:Sacrococcygeal Region / Q000002:abnormalities*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013933:Thumb / Q000002:abnormalities*; D015534:Trans-Activators
chemical_list: D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D011506:Proteins; C509239:SHH protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators