title: Comparison of sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of diazepam, acepromazine, and xylazine in ferrets.
abstract: The sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of an intramuscular injection of diazepam (3 mg/kg body weight), acepromazine (0.1 mg/kg body weight), or xylazine (2 mg/kg body weight) in ferrets (n = 10, crossover design) was evaluated. Time from injection to assuming lateral recumbency was not significantly different between the three drugs. Duration of recumbency expressed as mean+/-standard deviation was significantly longer with xylazine (68.3+/-20.8 min) than with diazepam (43.2+/-8.2 min) or acepromazine (49.8+/-11.2 min). Sedation was graded to be the best in the xylazine-treated ferrets and worst in the diazepam-treated ferrets. Analgesia was judged only to be present following xylazine injection. Systolic blood pressure, oxyhemoglobin saturation, and end-expired carbon dioxide (CO2) were similar with all three drugs. It was concluded that, at the doses administered, xylazine provided better chemical restraint in the healthy ferret than either acepromazine or diazepam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0136, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Nicklin
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Heaton-Jones
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000075:Acepromazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003975:Diazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005289:Ferrets / Q000502:physiology*; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014991:Xylazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D014991:Xylazine; D000075:Acepromazine; D003975:Diazepam