title: Treatment with bovine gallstones exacerbates liver damage, but enhances hepatoprotection by bear gall powder in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rats.
abstract: The interactions between bovine gallstones (Goou) and bear gall powder (Yutan) in decreases in serum transaminase levels were investigated in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The p.o. administration of Goou significantly increased both serum transaminase levels and hepatic lipid peroxidation following i.p. administration of CCl4. Concomitant administration of both Goou and Yutan resulted in decreases of serum transaminase levels and hepatic lipid peroxidation, which were more remarkable than with administration of Yutan alone. Goou significantly increased the estimated hepatic blood flow in the indocyanine green clearance test and enhanced the delivery of CCl4 to the liver from the peritoneal cavity. These findings suggest that Goou exacerbates CCl4-induced hepatic damage because of the accelerated delivery of CCl4 to the liver and that Goou might have a hemodynamic drug interaction with Yutan in the liver, possibly enhancing the hepatoprotective effect of Yutan.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kashima
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001630:Bezoars; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002417:Cattle; D002769:Cholelithiasis; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D006591:Hexobarbital / Q000378:metabolism; D006900:Hydroxylation; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism; D008102:Liver Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008419:Materia Medica; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D001503:Ursidae
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000975:Antioxidants; D008419:Materia Medica; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006591:Hexobarbital; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D007208:Indocyanine Green; C023650:aniline