title: Effects of species raw material source, ash content, and processing temperature on amino acid digestibility of animal by-product meals by cecectomized roosters and ileally cannulated dogs.
abstract: We conducted experiments to determine amino acid (AA) digestibility of nine animal by-product meals using precision-fed cecectomized roosters and ileally cannulated dogs. The products initially evaluated in roosters were meat and bone meals (MBM) containing 24 or 34% ash, poultry by-product meals (PBP) containing 7 or 16% ash, lamb meals (LM) containing 15 or 24% ash, a LM analog containing a mixture of LM and turkey meal, and two MBM processed at either a low or high temperature. The MBM and PBP differing in ash, low-ash LM, and low-temperature MBM then were incorporated into extruded dry dog foods and evaluated in cecectomized roosters and ileally cannulated dogs. True digestibility of total AA in roosters averaged 76% for the nine meals fed alone, with the low-temperature MBM being highest at 84% and the low-ash LM being lowest at 66% (P < .05). No consistent differences in rooster AA digestibility were observed between pairs of meals differing in ash content. Digestibilities of AA were higher in the low-temperature MBM than in the high-temperature MBM. Differences in rooster AA digestibility values among the six extruded dog foods containing selected animal meals were similar to those observed when the animal meals were fed alone. The ileally cannulated dog assay yielded results for AA digestibilities that were highly correlated (r = .87 to .92) with those of the rooster assay, whereby the high-ash MBM and low-temperature MBM foods had the highest mean AA digestibility at 82% and the low-ash LM food had the lowest mean AA digestibility at 62% (P < .05). Again, no consistent differences in AA digestibilities for dogs were observed between pairs of dog foods containing MBM or PBP differing in ash content. Results of this study indicated that processing temperature influenced AA digestibility of MBM, but species raw material source and ash content had no consistent effect on AA digestibility. Results also indicated that the precision-fed cecectomized rooster assay could be used to predict differences in AA digestibility among animal by-product meals for dogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fahey
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Merchen
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Aldrich
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones; D002404:Catheterization / Q000662:veterinary; D002432:Cecum / Q000601:surgery; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005511:Food Handling; D007082:Ileum / Q000601:surgery; D008239:Lysine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D008239:Lysine