title: Combining propofol with morphine in patient-controlled analgesia to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting.
abstract: We have studied the antiemetic effects of propofol when mixed with morphine in a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump after major gynaecological surgery. In a double-blind, randomized, controlled study, 50 women, ASA I or II, received a standardized anaesthetic comprising thiopental, morphine, atracurium, nitrous oxide and oxygen with enflurane, and received postoperative PCA with morphine mixed with either 1% propofol or lvelip. The PCA bolus was morphine 1 mg with propofol 5 mg or lvelip 0.5 ml, with a lockout time of 5 min. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were assessed by the nursing staff using a four-point ordinal scale and by the patient using a visual analogue scale for 48 h after surgery. The two groups were similar in the potential factors influencing the incidence of PONV. There were no significant differences between the two groups in any of the study measurements of PONV. There were, no side effects after propofol. Propofol, when mixed with morphine in this dose combination for PCA, did not decrease the incidence of nausea and vomiting in women undergoing major gynaecological surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Bree
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Kestin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled / Q000379:methods; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015742:Propofol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000932:Antiemetics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009020:Morphine; D015742:Propofol