title: [Comparison of two techniques used in immediate postplacental insertion of TCu 380A intrauterine device: 12 month follow-up of 910 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of hand-insertion and ring forceps-insertion of TCu 380A intrauterine device (IUD) in immediate postplacental insertion (IPPI).
  
  
  METHODS
  910 vaginal delivery women in Shanghai received a TCu 380A IUD inserted within 10 minutes after delivery of the placenta. Among them, 97.7% were primipara. The women were randomly divided into two groups: 470 cases in hand-insertion group and 440 in ring forceps-insertion group. Using life-tale method and X2 test, we compared the expulsion rates and other causes of removal after follow-up for 12 months in the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The follow-up rate at 6 and 12 months were 95.16% and 92.64%, respectively. No uterine perforation and infection occurred in the 910 cases, and only one pregnancy in the hand-insertion group. Expulsions were the main reason for discontinuation. The 12-month gross cumulative expulsion rates were 15.86 and 15.88 per 100 women in the hand-insertion group and ring forceps-insertion group, respectively, and the removal rates due to bleeding and (or) pain were 2.11 and 1.57, respectively. No difference was statistically significant (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two different insertion techniques do not significantly affect discontinuation rates in vaginal IPPI using the TCu 38)A IUD; the TCu 380A IUD appears to be suitable for postpartum insertion in Chinese women.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Family Planning Commission.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007433:Intrauterine Device Expulsion; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy