title: Terson syndrome: CT evaluation in 12 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Terson syndrome may be overlooked in the acute setting and often requires ophthalmologic intervention to prevent long-term visual loss. In this syndrome, vitreous or retinal hemorrhage results from an abrupt rise in intracranial pressure, leading to retinal venous hypertension and intraocular hemorrhage. Our objective was to determine whether imaging findings could be discovered that might facilitate an earlier diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our inpatient medical record data base for 1991-1996 listed 11 patients with Terson syndrome. The medical records of these 11 patients were reviewed retrospectively and compared with their noncontrast head CT scans and with scans of 10 control subjects. One additional case was discovered prospectively, for a total of 12 patients. Three radiologists unaware of the patients' history evaluated CT scans of the orbits for evidence of intraocular hemorrhage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CT findings in eight patients were suggestive of retinal hemorrhage manifested by a retinal crescent or nodule that was slightly hyperdense relative to the vitreous humor. There was a high degree of concordance between the retrospective and independent reviews.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retinal nodularity and crescentic hyperdensities are evident on CT scans in the majority of patients with Terson syndrome. Although findings are subtle and not present in all cases, in the setting of subarachnoid hemorrhage they suggest retinal hemorrhage and warrant detailed fundoscopic evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Utah Health Science Center, Salt Lake City, USA.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Swallow
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Tsuruda
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Digre
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Glaser
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Harnsberger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014823:Vitreous Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery