title: Immunological status of patients subjected to cardiac surgery: effect of lactoferrin on proliferation and production of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro.
abstract: The aim of this investigation was to monitor proliferation and cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients subjected to cardiac surgery. Another goal was to establish regulatory effects of lactoferrin (LF) on these immune reactions in vitro. PBMC were tested before, during surgery and on day 1 and day 8-10 following operation. In control donors, low spontaneous and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced proliferation of PBMC, as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-alpha secretion was stimulated by LF, but high production of this cytokine was inhibited. In patients, the proliferation of PBMC and the ability to produce IL-6 TNF-alpha by these cells underwent characteristic changes depending on preoperative immune reactivity of patients. In general, low, preoperative reactivity of PBMC showed a tendency to increase within the monitoring period whereas moderate/high responsiveness was diminishing. LF had, in majority of cases, a down-regulatory effect on the proliferative response, best pronounced in patients of high/moderate preoperative response. Similarly, LF exhibited, in general, an inhibitory effect on LPS-induced IL-6 production. In terms of TNF-alpha production, a considerable up-regulatory effect of LF, particularly in low responding patients was of a special interest. In summary, we suggest that LF may play a role in lowering the immune response of patients to surgery and promoting tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University Medical School, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Właszczyk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zimecki
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adamik
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Durek
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kübler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011184:Postoperative Period; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007781:Lactoferrin