title: Spinal meningeal melanocytoma presenting with superficial siderosis of the central nervous system. Case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Meningeal melanocytoma is a benign melanocytic tumor that originates most frequently from the melanocytes in the posterior fossa or along the spinal cord. This tumor generally occurs as an extraaxial mass that compresses adjacent neural structures to produce various neurological signs. The authors describe an unusual case in which a patient with a meningeal melanocytoma located at the thoracic spinal cord presented with superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (CNS). Extensive neuroradiological studies identified the presence of a spinal cord tumor, and postsurgical histological examination revealed the meningeal melanocytoma as a bleeding source. After surgery, lumbar puncture demonstrated normalization of the patient's cerebrospinal fluid; however, no neurological improvement occurred. The neurological deficits seem irreversible. Meningeal melanocytoma is biologically benign and can be cured by complete surgical resection; therefore, this tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions of the CNS. The authors reviewed 14 cases of well-documented meningeal melanocytoma in the literature and discuss the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of the present case to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and identification of the source of bleeding in patients with superficial siderosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe City General Hospital, Kobe, Japan. hirnkopf@da2.so-net.or.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uchida
mesh_terms: D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007796:Laminectomy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000473:pathology; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009192:Myelography; D009506:Nevus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012806:Siderosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000473:pathology; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D013129:Spinal Puncture; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed