title: [Toxoplasmosis retinochorioiditis, a therapy comparison between spiramycin and pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The treatment of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis with spiramycin is an alternative to sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine. The treatment with sulfadiazine is associated with multiple side effects. Sulfadiazine is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding period. Spiramycin has less side effects and is recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding period. The efficacy of spiramycin in treatment of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis is still a matter of controversy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective study, side effects and outcome of therapy in 44 patients with toxoplasma retinochoroiditis treated with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine (n = 30) or spiramycin (n = 14) were compared. We assessed duration of therapy and healing, ophthalmoscopic findings and observed side effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean healing time in the group of spiramycin was 63.83 days in comparison to 88 days for the group of patients treated with sulfadiazine/pyrimethamine. The frequency of side effects was lower in the group treated with spiramycin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In comparison to a combined application of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine the treatment with spiramycin alone requires a shorter duration of therapy and healing period. Additionally, side effects and contraindications appear to be less frequent. In view of these findings, spiramycin therapy must be considered as a promising approach in the treatment of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis.
authors.affiliation: Universitäts-Augenklinik Frankfurt/M.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hacker
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gümbel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohrloff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002825:Chorioretinitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015572:Spiramycin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013411:Sulfadiazine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D014126:Toxoplasmosis, Ocular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D013411:Sulfadiazine; D015572:Spiramycin; D011739:Pyrimethamine
vernacular_title: Toxoplasmose-Retinochorioiditis, ein Therapievergleich zwischen Spiramycin und Pyrimethamin/Sulfadiazin.