title: Two regions of the ryanodine receptor involved in coupling with L-type Ca2+ channels.
abstract: Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are present in the endoplasmic reticulum of virtually every cell type and serve critical roles, including excitation-contraction (EC) coupling in muscle cells. In skeletal muscle the primary control of RyR-1 (the predominant skeletal RyR isoform) occurs via an interaction with plasmalemmal dihydropyridine receptors (DHPRs), which function as both voltage sensors for EC coupling and as L-type Ca2+ channels (Rios, E., and Brum, G. (1987) Nature 325, 717-720). In addition to "receiving" the EC coupling signal from the DHPR, RyR-1 also "transmits" a retrograde signal that enhances the Ca2+ channel activity of the DHPR (Nakai, J., Dirksen, R. T., Nguyen, H. T., Pessah, I. N., Beam, K. G., and Allen, P. D. (1996) Nature 380, 72-76). A similar kind of retrograde signaling (from RyRs to L-type Ca2+ channels) has also been reported in neurons (Chavis, P., Fagni, L., Lansman, J. B., and Bockaert, J. (1996) Nature 382, 719-722). To investigate the molecular mechanism of reciprocal signaling, we constructed cDNAs encoding chimeras of RyR-1 and RyR-2 (the predominant cardiac RyR isoform) and expressed them in dyspedic myotubes, which lack an endogenous RyR-1. We found that a chimera that contained residues 1,635-2,636 of RyR-1 both mediated skeletal-type EC coupling and enhanced Ca2+ channel function, whereas a chimera containing adjacent RyR-1 residues (2, 659-3,720) was only able to enhance Ca2+ channel function. These results demonstrate that two distinct regions are involved in the reciprocal interactions of RyR-1 with the skeletal DHPR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, 444, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Rando
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Beam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel