Backfat fatty acid evolution in swine fed diets high in either cis-monounsaturated, trans, or (n-3) fats.
To evaluate the effects of dietary fats on the evolution of the fatty acid profile of swine backfat, 30 castrated Landrace x Duroc pigs averaging 26 kg were assigned three diets with 4% added pomace oil (O), hydrogenated fat (H), or linseed oil (L). Subcutaneous fat samples were taken from biopsies at 0, 17, 31, and 60 d, and at 24 h postmortem when pigs averaged 95 kg live weight at 82 d on trial. On d 17, saturated fatty acid (SFA) content was 2% lower for the O diet than for H and L (P < .089). There was a linear increase in SFA at a monthly rate of 2% in the three diets. The increase was mainly due to 18:0; palmitic acid percentages showed no variation. Pigs fed the O diet experienced exponential increases in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), especially until d 17 (P < .001). In pigs fed the H or L diets, MUFA contents decreased at a monthly rate of 2.40%, and the same happened with oleic acid contents. Diets rich in (n-3) (L) and trans-fatty acids (H) caused exponential increases in swine backfat contents of total (n-3) and total trans, respectively. At d 31 (P < .001), 72 to 73% of the maximum contents had been reached. Contents for 20:3(n-3), 20:5(n-3), and 22:5(n-3) follow a pattern similar to that of their precursor 18:3(n-3), showing an exponential increase in pigs fed the L diet, and contents for H and O treatments were lower (P < .001). The three diets caused a linear decrease in (n-6) fatty acid contents throughout the 82-d trial.
Fontanillas
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R
U. D. Nutrició i Alimentació Animal, Facultat de Veterinària, UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.
Barroeta
A
A
Baucells
M D
MD
Guardiola
F
F
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy / Q000662:veterinary; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000145:classification; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated