title: Pre- and postoperative socioeconomic development of 151 patients with focal epilepsies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated retrospectively the socioeconomic development of epilepsy patients after temporal or extratemporal epilepsy surgery and analyzed the relationship to clinical and neuropsychological data.
  
  
  METHODS
  151 patients (from ages 11-65 years; mean postoperative followup: 3 years) replied to a structured questionnaire, which referred to objective data of the patient's educational and vocational development. Neuropsychological data were obtained from pre- and postoperative (1-year follow-up) examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The preoperative development data indicated that patients exposed to epilepsy at any developmental stage had a higher prevalence of educational/vocational difficulties as compared with patients with a later onset of epilepsy. Postoperatively, the integration of the formerly unemployed improved and the unemployment rate decreased from 33 to 16%. Out of those patients who had been schooled or who were employed, 79%-91% made progress in development, or were at least able to keep their status. Only 2 of 14 patients, who had been retired early because of their epilepsy, returned to employment. In general, a deterioration of the socioeconomic status was significantly related to insufficient seizure control. A reemployment of patients who were formerly unemployed depended mainly on age and neuropsychological outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that early and successful surgical intervention improves or at least maintains the socioeconomic situation, especially the employment status.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Epileptology, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lendt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Helmstaedter
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Elger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000601:surgery