title: Virtual bronchoscopy for directing transbronchial needle aspiration of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a preliminary investigation of virtual bronchoscopy as a guide for transbronchial needle aspiration of hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes to assess the usefulness of this technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Virtual bronchoscopic images derived from routine helical CT scans were useful for directing transbronchial needle aspiration in a clinical setting. In addition, virtual bronchoscopy may have been responsible for improving the yield of transbronchial needle aspirations done by our bronchoscopists when 22-gauge needles were used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: McAdams
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kussin
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D001980:Bronchi / Q000473:pathology; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000473:pathology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004867:Equipment Design; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008482:Mediastinum; D008545:Melanoma / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014132:Trachea / Q000473:pathology; D014584:User-Computer Interface