title: Effects of human growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, and diet and exercise on body composition of obese postmenopausal women.
abstract: To determine the effects of GH and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) administration, diet, and exercise on weight loss, body composition, basal metabolic rate (BMR), muscle strength, and psychological status, 33 moderately obese postmenopausal women (67.1 +/- 5.2 yr) participated in a 12-week randomized, double blind study. Participants were placed on a diet that provided 500 Cal/day less than that needed for weight maintenance, and they walked 3 days and strength trained 2 days each week. Subjects also self-injected GH (0.025 mg/kg BW.day), IGF-I (0.015 mg/kg BW.day), a combination of these doses of GH and IGF-I, or placebo (P). Twenty-eight women completed the study, as five subjects dropped out due to intolerable side-effects (e.g. edema). Weight loss occurred in all groups, with the largest decrease occurring in the GH plus IGF-I group (5.6 +/- 1.4 kg). Fat mass significantly decreased in all groups, with the largest losses observed in GH and GH plus IGF-I groups (6.3 +/- 1.8 and 8.4 +/- 2.8 kg, respectively). Despite weight loss, BMR was maintained in all groups. Muscle strength increased with training for all groups, and depression and anxiety scores decreased in groups receiving IGF-I. These data show that obese postmenopausal women can lose weight and fat without compromising fat free mass, BMR, or gains in muscle strength, and that GH and IGF-I given together may enhance fat loss over either given alone.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center and Medical Service, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Butterfield
authors.forename: U K
authors.initials: UK
authors.lastname: Gylfadottir
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yesavage
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hintz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pearman
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000628:therapy; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D003863:Depression / Q000628:therapy; D004032:Diet; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D010919:Placebos; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000523:psychology; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I