title: Cancer prevention by natural carotenoids.
abstract: Epidemiological investigations have shown that cancer risk is inversely related to the consumption of green and yellow vegetables and fruits. Since beta-carotene is present in abundance in these vegetables and fruits, it has been investigated extensively as a possible cancer preventive agent. However, various carotenoids that coexist with beta-carotene in vegetables and fruits also have anticarcinogenic activity. Some of them, such as alpha-carotene, showed higher potency than beta-carotene in suppressing experimental carcinogenesis. Thus, we have carried out more extensive studies on cancer-preventive activities of natural carotenoids, which found that lycopene and lutein had potent anticarcinogenic activity. In the present study, the cancer-preventive activity of phytoene was also confirmed biotechnologically when mammalian cells producing phytoene were resistant to H-ras-induced cell transformation. Further studies on various natural carotenoids besides beta-carotene should be continued to obtain more information about the potential of natural carotenoids in the field of cancer prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishino
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011905:Genes, ras; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D002338:Carotenoids; C100185:(all-E) phytoene