title: Gastrointestinal ulceration and pulmonary aspergillosis in a llama treated for parelaphostrongylosis.
abstract: A 9-year-old llama examined because of hind limb paresis was found to have parelaphostrongylosis. Despite treatment with ivermectin, fenbendazole, cimetidine, and ceftiofur, the llama developed gastrointestinal ulceration and pulmonary aspergillosis and was euthanatized. Parelaphostrongylus tenuis is a parasite of white-tailed deer, but ruminants can serve as aberrant or dead-end hosts after accidentally ingesting snails or slugs carrying third-stage larvae of the parasite. Gastrointestinal ulceration and pulmonary aspergillosis can develop secondarily in llamas with chronic disease. Treatment of gastrointestinal ulceration in llamas is difficult, because efficacy of commonly used antiulcer drugs in llamas has not been established.
authors.affiliation: Athens Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia 30602-7383, USA.
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Quist
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dutton
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Prestwood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002161:Camelids, New World / Q000469:parasitology*; D002429:Cecal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008681:Metastrongyloidea; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D013279:Stomach, Ruminant; D017206:Strongylida Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D014456:Ulcer / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*