title: Massive hiatal hernias: the anatomic basis of repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the repair of giant hiatal hernias, controversy persists as to whether an antireflux repair is required and whether a Collis gastroplasty is necessary. This study was undertaken to determine the location of the gastroesophageal junction in giant hiatal hernias with an intrathoracic stomach, as well as the outcome after repair without a Collis gastroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two patients were evaluated for a giant hiatal hernia, of whom 47 underwent surgical correction. Preoperative evaluation included esophagoscopy (n = 45), gastrointestinal series (n = 40), esophageal manometry (n = 20), and 24-hour pH testing (n = 13). The dominant clinical features were acute chest or abdominal pain (72%), heartburn (53%), and gastrointestinal bleeding (49%). The gastroesophageal junction was located in the mediastinum in 77% of patients, in the abdomen in 17%, and was not determined in 6%. Twenty-eight patients (59%) had clinical or objective evidence of reflux. Reduction with an antireflux repair without a gastroplasty was done in 47 (Belsey, n = 28; Nissen, n = 19). An excellent or good result was achieved in 38 patients (90%) with a median follow-up of 45 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results, obtained without a Collis gastroplasty, are equivalent to those obtained by an antireflux repair with an esophageal lengthening procedure. The frequent location of the gastroesophageal junction in the mediastinum suggests that these massive hernias often are the result of progressive enlargement of a sliding component. An antireflux repair is therefore necessary in the majority of patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Altorki
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yankelevitz
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Skinner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004944:Esophagoplasty; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018662:Fundoplication; D015391:Gastroplasty; D006551:Hernia, Hiatal / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome