Evaluation of biological activities of triterpenoid saponins from Maesa lanceolata.
From a bioassay-guided fractionation procedure using Herpes simplex virus type 1 as the target model, a virucidal saponin mixture (maesasaponin mixture B) was isolated from the MeOH extract of leaves of Maesa lanceolata. The maesasaponin mixture B consisted of six homologous oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins 1-6, identified by 1H, 13C, and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The maesasaponin mixture B (1-6) showed several biological activities expected for saponins. It exhibited a moderate virucidal activity against enveloped viruses. The maesasaponin mixture B (1-6) was tested for further properties. The saponin mixture was found to be highly hemolytic and molluscicidal: it hemolyzed 50% of human erythrocytes (1% suspension) at a concentration estimated at 1.6 microg/mL and exerted against Biomphalaria glabrata snails a severe toxic effect with LD95 and LD50 values of 4.1 and 2.3 ppm, respectively. In addition, the maesasaponin mixture B (1-6) showed moderate fungistatic and antimutagenic properties. The evaluation of these diverse activities is described.
Sindambiwe
J B
JB
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
Calomme
M
M
Geerts
S
S
Pieters
L
L
Vlietinck
A J
AJ
Vanden Berghe
D A
DA
D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008974:Mollusca / Q000187:drug effects*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014197:Trees / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes