title: [Early posterior capsule fibrosis after combined cataract and vitreoretinal surgery with intraocular air/SF6 gas tamponade].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The surgical approach in treating coexisting vitreoretinal disease and cataract is controversial. We report on patients who developed early posterior capsular fibrosis after combined cataract and vitreoretinal surgery with air/SF6-gas tamponade.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 15 consecutive eyes (13 patients) who underwent combined phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation and vitreoretinal surgery with intraocular air/SF6-gas tamponade were retrospectively analyzed. The indications for vitreous surgery included: subfoveal neovascular membrane in age-related macular degeneration (5 eyes), macular hole (4 eyes), macular pucker (2 eyes), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (2 eyes), persistent vitreous haemorrhage after branch retinal vein occlusion (1 eye), persistent vitreous haemorrhage and/or tractional retinal detachment in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (1 eye). The mean follow-up period was 7 months (1-13 months). A control group consisted of 15 eyes (15 patients) who underwent the equal combined operation without intraocular tamponade. The indications for vitreous surgery were persistent vitreous haemorrhage in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (5 eyes), persistent vitreous haemorrhage after branch retinal vein occlusion (5 eyes), asteroid hyalosis (2 eyes), macular pucker (1 eye), posttraumatic vitreous haemorrhage (1 eye), acute retinal necrosis (1 eye). The mean follow-up was 8 months (2-13 months). The posterior capsule was examined at the slit lamp microscopy with maximal dilated pupils. We defined posterior capsular opacification (PCO) as severe if posterior capsule was fibrotic, diffusely thickened and opaque. Modest PCO was characterized by focal fibrotic opacifications at otherwise clear posterior capsule.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Severe posterior capsular fibrosis developed in 9 eyes (60%) after 2-14 weeks postoperatively (mean 8 weeks) including 3 of 6 eyes with air tamponade (50%) and 6 of 9 eyes with 20% SF6-gas tamponade (66.7%). In 6 eyes (40%) Nd:YAG-laser capsulotomy was performed 4-14 weeks postoperatively (mean 8.5 weeks). In the control group modest PCO developed in 8 eyes (53.3%) 1-13 months postoperatively (mean 6.5 months) none requiring Nd:YAG-laser capsulotomy during follow-up period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined cataract and vitreoretinal surgery with intraocular air/SF6-gas tamponade induces severe posterior capsular fibrosis in the early postoperative period. The capsular fibrosis is presumably caused by accumulation of fibrin and proliferation stimulating factors in the narrow space between intraocular lens and air/SF6-gas bubble.
authors.affiliation: Universitäts-Augenklinik Giessen.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scharwey
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pavlovic
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Jacobi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000388:Air; D002386:Cataract / Q000473:pathology*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007903:Lens Capsule, Crystalline / Q000473:pathology*; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000473:pathology*; D012086:Reoperation; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride
vernacular_title: Frühe Hinterkapselfibrose nach kombinierter Katarakt- und vitreoretinaler Chirurgie mit intraokularer Luft/SF6-Gastamponade.