title: Clinical-histopathological correlations of pitfalls in middle ear surgery.
abstract: Significant anatomical variations within the middle ear are described as well as atypical histopathological findings in 13 selected human temporal bones. Bones studied included such vascular and bony abnormalities as carotid artery canal dehiscence, a high jugular bulb, persistent stapedial artery and facial nerve canal dehiscences. Bones also included obliterative otosclerosis, malleus head fixation and a variety of chronic inflammatory changes and/or sequelae. Those features considered to render cases prone to complications are detailed.
authors.affiliation: Minnesota Otitis Media Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Paparella
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Schachern
mesh_terms: D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014433:Tympanoplasty