title: Lyme disease with facial nerve palsy: rapid diagnosis using a nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.
abstract: A 64-year-old woman with Lyme disease and manifesting facial nerve palsy had been bitten by a tick on the left frontal scalp 4 weeks previously. Erythema migrans appeared on the left forehead, accompanied by left facial paralysis. Nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (nested PCR-RFLP) was performed on DNA extracted from a skin biopsy of the erythema on the left forehead. Borrelia flagellin gene DNA was detected and its RFLP pattern indicated that the organism was B. garinii, Five weeks later, B. garinii was isolated by conventional culture from the erythematous skin lesion, but not from the cerebrospinal fluid. After treatment with ceftriaxone intravenously for 10 days and oral administration of minocycline for 7 days, both the erythema and facial nerve palsy improved significantly. Nested PCR and culture taken after the lesion subsided, using skin samples obtained from a site adjacent to the original biopsy, were both negative. We suggest that nested PCR-RFLP analysis might be useful for the rapid diagnosis of Lyme disease and for evaluating therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Asahikawa Medical College, Nishikagura, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kishiyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iizuka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015748:Borrelia burgdorferi Group / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008911:Minocycline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D008911:Minocycline