title: Portable-type stereo fluoroscope for surgery.
abstract: A prototype of a portable stereo fluoroscope was devised. This system has two X-ray tubes and one image intensifier. To create a three-dimensional view, the system alternately exposes the X-ray from left and right X-ray tubes 15 times per second (7.5 pairs/s) to obtain left and right eye images with parallax. Each image is stored in video-RAM (random access memory) and left and right images are alternately displayed on a monitor at 120 frames/s (60 pairs/s). A liquid crystal modulator mounted on the monitor and special polarizing glasses worn by the surgeon convey the appropriate image to the proper eye. It was applied in a simulation of interlocking intramedullary nails and fixation of femoral neck fracture using phantom femurs. The three-dimensional view in real-time makes it easy to understand the shape of the bone phantom and to determine the spatial relationship between it and the instruments used without moving the C-arm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
mesh_terms: D001858:Bone Nails; D001863:Bone Screws; D004867:Equipment Design; D005265:Femoral Neck Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000295:instrumentation; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging