title: Optimizing frequency and number of controls for automatic multichannel analyzers.
abstract: Sampling strategy fundamentally influences the effectiveness of quality control with control charts. This study shows a simple approach for optimizing the control strategy for automatic multichannel analyzers that takes into account cost-efficiency considerations. Our main focus is on the frequency of controls necessary. The methods used are based on a field study (on a Hitachi/BM 747), the views of experts, and computer simulations of customary cost-models together with a survey of the literature. We found that industrial cost-models are applicable only with distinct limitations, but-unlike the test-yield model-they offer consistent solutions. On the basis of the field study and the opinions of experts, we adjusted the control strategy to account for inadequacies in the theoretical models. The combined result is that, for effective operation, the number of samples between controls may reach values up to 100 and should not require controls more often than every 30 samples on comparable multichannel analyzers. For adequate statistical performance, a simple 3-SD Shewhart chart usually requires not more than two controls of the same material at each time.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie der Technischen Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany. A_S_Neubauer@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neubauer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wolter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falkner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Neumeier
mesh_terms: D001322:Autoanalysis / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D006801:Humans; D011786:Quality Control; D012015:Reference Standards; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires