title: Objective methods cannot predict anal incontinence after primary repair of extensive anal tears.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An increased awareness of anal incontinence after delivery tears has developed during the last years. The aim of this study was to compare complaints with the results of physiological methods in women with complete sphincter ruptures primarily repaired at delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven women, 16 with total rupture of the external anal sphincter and 11 who also had a ruptured internal anal sphincter were studied. Interviews on pelvic floor function, investigation with recto-anal manometry, single fiber EMG and anal endosonography were performed at 11.9 (2.5) months after delivery. Fifteen women vaginally delivered without sphincter rupture served as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pelvic floor dysfunction was admitted in 74%, in particular gas incontinence (59%). Maximum squeeze pressure was significantly reduced (p<0.01) compared to controls, while resting anal pressure was unaffected. Fiber density was increased in 81% of patients and 91% had detectable defects on endosonography. Neither the degree of rupture nor the presence of complaints significantly correlated to the objective methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A majority of women with primarily repaired anal sphincter ruptures at delivery were incontinent. Sphincter defects and signs of neuropathy could not precisely predict symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhus, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Goffeng
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Andersch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berndtsson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hulten
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oresland
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004576:Electromyography; D019160:Endosonography; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008365:Manometry; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests