title: Effects of Anchusa strigosa root aqueous extract on gastric ethanol-induced ulcer in laboratory animals.
abstract: Anchusa strigosa Banks et Sol (Boraginaceae) root extracts (ASRE) were prepared by soaking the dry material in boiling water. The clear soluble extract was dried and found to be 0.238 g/g dry roots. A gastric ulcer was induced in fastened animals by oral ingestion of ethanol. Administration of 0.080 g of ASRE prior to ethanol ingestion protected the stomach of the rat from ulcer formation. The ulcer index values, expressed as a percentage of total stomach surface area affected by the ulcer, were lowered from 34.0+/-4.0 to 6.0+/-0.7 and 32.5+/-9.4 to 2.2+/-1.4 by the morphometric and the planimetric methods, respectively. Treatment of the induced ulcer in guinea pigs was achieved by oral administration of ASRE at the therapeutic dose of extract of 0.286 g/kg body weight/day for 24 days. The intraperitoneal LD50 of ASRE in mice was 0.080 g extract/kg body weight. Replacing water intake by ASRE at 75 ml of variable extract concentrations of 2.865, 3.57 and 4.284 g/l per animal per day for 90 days showed no histopathological changes in all organs of the rat. However, a clear depression effect on the central nervous system and anemia were observed particularly with extract of 3.57 g/l or more.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jordan, Amman.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Disi
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Tamimi
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Abuereish
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000740:Anemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D000818:Animals; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007597:Jordan; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D018517:Plant Roots; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol