title: MR imaging of the mamillothalamic tract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the normal and abnormal appearance of the mamillothalamic tract (MTT) on cranial magnetic resonance (MR) images.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two formalin-fixed normal human brain specimens sectioned in axial and coronal planes were used to demonstrate the normal anatomy of the MTT. MR images were obtained in 32 volunteers. Proton-density-weighted coronal and axial pulse sequences were used. The images were evaluated for visualization quality and size and signal intensity of the MTTs in correlation with the specimens. Abnormal MTTs were identified on cranial MR images in two patients, and the imaging findings were analyzed. The clinical history of the patients was also reviewed to determine the effect of these findings on patient care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Normal MTTs were easily identified on MR studies of cadaveric brains and of the brains of the human volunteers. On MR images, normal MTTs were commonly symmetric in appearance, with signal intensity equal to that of other normal fiber tracts. The abnormal MTTs showed high signal intensity on images obtained with a long repetition time or asymmetric volume loss and were associated with atrophy of the ipsilateral mamillary body.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Normal MTTs are readily visible on conventional MR images. Abnormality of the MTT is a very subtle finding but may be a marker of a limbic system abnormality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Shrier
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshiura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwanaga
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Numaguchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001284:Atrophy / Q000175:diagnosis; D002102:Cadaver; D017029:Epilepsy, Complex Partial / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008326:Mammillary Bodies / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D013788:Thalamus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology