title: Quantification of mitral regurgitation with MR phase-velocity mapping using a control volume method.
abstract: Reliable diagnosis and quantification of mitral regurgitation are important for patient management and for optimizing the time for surgery. Previous methods have often provided suboptimal results. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate MR phase-velocity mapping in quantifying the mitral regurgitant volume (MRV) using a control volume (CV) method. A number of contiguous slices were acquired with all three velocity components measured. A CV was then selected, encompassing the regurgitant orifice. Mass conservation dictates that the net inflow into the CV should be equal to the regurgitant flow. Results showed that a CV, the boundary voxels of which excluded the region of flow acceleration and aliasing at the orifice, provided accurate measurements of the regurgitant flow. A smaller CV provided erroneous results because of flow acceleration and velocity aliasing close to the orifice. A large CV generally provided inaccurate results because of reduced velocity sensitivity far from the orifice. Aortic outflow, orifice shape, and valve geometry did not affect the accuracy of the CV measurements. The CV method is a promising approach to the problem of quantification of the MRV.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Fluid Mechanics Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0100, USA.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Chatzimavroudis
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Oshinski
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Pettigrew
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Franch
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Yoganathan
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D003196:Computer Graphics; D003199:Computer Systems; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity