title: Risperidone compared with both lithium and haloperidol in mania: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.
abstract: Case reports and studies of other neuroleptics suggest the efficacy of risperidone in the treatment of mania. Forty-five inpatients with DSM-IV mania were studied in a 28-day randomized, controlled, double-blind trial of either 6 mg daily of risperidone, 10 mg daily of haloperidol, or 800 to 1200 mg daily of lithium. The patients in all three groups showed a similar improvement on the total score for all rating scales at day 28 (Brief Psychiatric rating scale; lithium 9.1, haloperidol 4.9, risperidone 6.5, F = 1.01, df = 2, p = 0.37; Mania rating scale; lithium 15.7, haloperidol 10.2, risperidone 12.4, F = 1.07, df = 2, p = 0.35 [analysis of variance]). The Global Assessment of Functioning and Clinical Global Impression data showed a similar pattern of improvement. This study suggests that risperidone is of equivalent efficacy to lithium and haloperidol in the management of acute mania. The extrapyramidal side effects of risperidone and haloperidol were not significantly different.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Segal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berk
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brook
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008094:Lithium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D018967:Risperidone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D008094:Lithium; D006220:Haloperidol; D018967:Risperidone