title: Hospital specificity, region specificity, and fluconazole resistance of Candida albicans bloodstream isolates.
abstract: In a survey of bloodstream infection (BSI) isolates across the continental United States, 162 Candida albicans isolates were fingerprinted with the species-specific probe Ca3 and the patterns were analyzed for relatedness with a computer-assisted system. The results demonstrate that particular BSI strains are more highly concentrated in particular geographic locales and that established BSI strains are endemic in some, but not all, hospitals in the study and undergo microevolution in hospital settings. The results, however, indicate no close genetic relationship among fluconazole-resistant BSI isolates in the collection, either from the same geographic locale or the same hospital. This study represents the first of three fingerprinting studies designed to analyze the origin, genetic relatedness, and drug resistance of Candida isolates responsible for BSI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pfaller
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lockhart
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pujol
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Swails-Wenger
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Messer
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Edmond
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Wenzel
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Soll
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016469:Fungemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D013045:Species Specificity; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D015725:Fluconazole