title: Short-term cost-effectiveness analysis of presurgical orthopedic treatment in children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this article was to investigate cost-effectiveness in cleft palate treatment using cost-effectiveness of presurgical orthopedic treatment (PSOT) as an example.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-center randomized clinical trial compared PSOT with non-PSOT for children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP, n=52).
  
  
  METHODS
  The inclusion criteria for the trial were: complete UCLP, no other malformations, born at term, both parents Caucasian, trial entrance preferably within 2 weeks after birth, and informed consent by the parents.
  
  
  METHODS
  PSOT was performed by means of a passive plate according to Hotz and Gnoinski.
  
  
  METHODS
  The short-term cost-effectiveness of PSOT was based on the time taken for the surgical lip closure procedure. Medical and nonmedical costs until surgical lip closure at 18 weeks of age were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The durations of the surgical lip closure procedures did not differ significantly (57.2 minutes for PSOT and 56.4 minutes for non-PSOT). The mean medical cost for PSOT treatment was US$852. The non-PSOT treatment group had a significantly different mean medical cost (US$304). Mean travel costs and indirect nonmedical costs were US$128 and US$231 for PSOT and US$79 and US$130 for non-PSOT, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of a clinical trial and an economic evaluation makes it possible to relate effects to costs involved in treatment alternatives. Longer-term costs and effects will be incorporated into an extended cost-effectiveness analysis to determine the cost-effectiveness of PSOT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Informatics, Epidemiology and Statistics, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands. h.severens@mie.kun.nl
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Severens
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prahl
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kuijpers-Jagtman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Prahl-Andersen
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017048:Health Care Costs; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000191:economics*; D010158:Palatal Obturators / Q000191:economics*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D014195:Travel / Q000191:economics