title: TGF-beta1 up-regulates the mRNA for the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes.
abstract: Northern analyses of neonatal cardiac myocytes demonstrated that TGF-beta1 (5 ng/ml) stimulates and IL-1beta (5 ng/ml) decreases the steady-state levels of the mRNA coding for the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. This is in agreement with the effects of TGF-beta1 and IL-1beta on beating rate and calcium uptake, suggesting that such effects might be mediated, at least partially, through up-regulation of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. Basal and TGF-beta1 stimulated mRNA levels were inhibited by the PKC inhibitors H7 (10 microM) and GF109203X (250 nM). In addition, apigenin (12.5 microM), a MAP kinase inhibitor, was able to inhibit basal mRNA levels for the exchanger. Cycloheximide (35.5 microM) had no effect on basal mRNA levels for the exchanger but steady-state levels were diminished in cells treated with TGF-beta1. Finally, actinomycin D (10 microM) inhibited both basal and TGF-beta1 stimulated mRNA levels, though with a more pronounced effect in the presence of TGF-beta1. These results suggest that a complex mechanism of regulation exists for the exchanger and that PKC and possibly MAP kinases might be involved. The up-regulation of this important protein for calcium extrusion, induced by TGF-beta1, might prepare cells to better overcome the calcium overload which occurs under cellular stress and might explain some of the cytoprotective effects of TGF-beta1.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Fundación Campomar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carrillo
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Cafferata
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Genovese
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Santa-Coloma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051381:Rats; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000235:genetics*; D013552:Swine; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases