Comparison of in vitro antifungal activities of free and liposome-encapsulated nystatin with those of four amphotericin B formulations.
The in vitro activity of a multilamellar liposomal formulation of nystatin (Nyotran) was compared with those of free nystatin and four pharmaceutical preparations of amphotericin B. MICs for 200 isolates of two Aspergillus spp., seven Candida spp., and Cryptococcus neoformans were determined by a broth microdilution adaptation of the method recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Minimum lethal concentrations (MLCs) of the six antifungal preparations were also determined. Both nystatin formulations possessed fungistatic and fungicidal activities against the 10 species tested. Liposomal nystatin appeared to be as active as free nystatin, with MICs and MLCs that were similar to, or lower than, those of the latter. Neither formulation of nystatin was as active as amphotericin B deoxycholate (Fungizone) or amphotericin B lipid complex (Abelcet), but both were more effective than liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome). Our results suggest that further evaluation of liposomal nystatin is justified.
Johnson
E M
EM
Mycology Reference Laboratory, Public Health Laboratory Service, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Ojwang
J O
JO
Szekely
A
A
Wallace
T L
TL
Warnock
D W
DW
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009761:Nystatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D009761:Nystatin; D000666:Amphotericin B