title: Viscoelastic adherence to corneal endothelium following phacoemulsification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the residual adherence of viscoelastics to the corneal endothelium following phacoemulsification in an in vitro rabbit model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of 10 rabbit eyes each had a lensectomy via phacoemulsification using sodium hyaluronate (Amvisc Plus, Healon GV) or sodium chondroitin sulfate-sodium hyaluronate (Viscoat) as the viscoelastic agent. After phacoemulsification and cortex removal, a central corneal block was excised, cryofixed, and processed for light and electron microscopy. Viscoelastic thickness was determined by a calibrated reticule on the light microscope or a calibrated measuring program in the electron microscope. The nonparametric statistical test, Kruskal-Wallis, was used to compare viscoelastic groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median phacoemulsification time between viscoelastic agents was not significantly different. Median viscoelastic thicknesses were 13.0 microns for Amvisc Plus, 0.4 micron for Healon GV, and 375.0 microns for Viscoat. Each was significantly different from the others (Kruskal-Wallis, P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Median thickness of Amvisc Plus, Healon GV, and Viscoat remaining adherent to the corneal endothelium after phacoemulsification was markedly different. Viscoat provided the greatest amount of viscoelastic material adjacent to the corneal endothelium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Hazlett
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lambert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002807:Chondroitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; C501944:chondroitin sulfate, sodium hyaluronate drug combination; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D002807:Chondroitin; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates