title: [Serum and urine prostate-specific antigen ratio: its value in the distinction between prostate cancer and adenoma when serum prostate-specific antigen level is between 4 and 10 ng/ml].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In an earlier study, we demonstrated that benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was associated with significantly higher urine levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) than in prostate cancer (PC). These early results led to the present study: we assessed, in patients undergoing a prostate biopsy, the clinical value of the PSA serum/urine ratio (PSA S/U) in patients for the differential diagnosis of PC, particularly when the pre-biopsy serum level of PSA lies between 4.0 and 10.0 ng/ml.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients without an indwelling drain who underwent transrectal echoguided biopsy were prospectively included in this study from November 1994 to December 1995. All serum and urine PSA measurements were done by the same laboratory using a Tandem R kit (Hybritech). Blood and urine samples were obtained during the 24 hour period prior to surgery during which all urethral or rectal manipulation was avoided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 130 patients with BPH (n = 73) or PC (n = 57). The PSA serum levels and the PSA S/U were significantly different between the BPH and the PC groups. In the subgroup of 50 patients with a serum PSA level in the 4-10 ng/ml range, the difference between the BPH and PC patients was not significantly different except for the PSA S/U ratio. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the diagnostic power of PSA S/U was greater than serum PSA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the PSA S/U ratio could be useful to distinguish between BPH and PC, particularly when diagnosis is uncertain in patients whose serum PSA is in the 4.0-10.0 ng/ml range.
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Irani
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Millet
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Levillain
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Doré
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bégon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aubert
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
vernacular_title: Le rapport de l'antigène prostatique spécifique sérique et urinaire: son intérêt dans la distinction entre cancer et adénome prostatique quand le taux d'antigène prostatique spécifique sérique est entre 4 et 10 ng/ml.