title: Interleukin-10 production during and after upper abdominal surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of major abdominal surgery on the plasma levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients received combined general-epidural anesthesia with isoflurane and nitrous oxide, after insertion of an epidural catheter at T8-T9 dosed with 1.5% lidocaine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and IL-10 levels were determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at preanesthesia, 0, 2, and 4 hours during surgery, and at the end of surgery, followed by sampling on the morning of postoperative days 1 (POD1) and 3 (POD3). Before anesthesia and at 0 hours of surgery, IL-10 was not detected. In all ten patients, the plasma levels of IL-10 showed significant elevations and achieved their maximal value 4 hours after the skin incision (p < 0.05 vs. baseline). The plasma IL-10 levels returned to preanesthesia levels on POD3. The plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-8 also increased in the perioperative period. The peak cytokine levels correlated (r = 0. 915, p = 0.0001 for IL-6 vs. IL-8; r = 0.82, p = 0.025 for IL-6 vs. IL-10; and r = 0.641, p = 0.06 for IL-8 vs. IL-10). The peak plasma IL-10 levels significantly correlated with the amount of intraoperative blood loss (r = 0.69, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, plasma IL-10 levels were elevated during and after operation. IL-10 may modulate the inflammatory responses in the perioperative period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsukawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D016753:Interleukin-10; D008012:Lidocaine; D007530:Isoflurane; D000527:Alprostadil; D009609:Nitrous Oxide