title: Evaluation of hair root analysis for acute phencyclidine poisoning and behavior of phencyclidine metabolites in rat hair root.
abstract: We evaluated the usefulness of hair root analysis to diagnose acute phencyclidine (PCP) poisoning. Male rats were i.p. administered acute poisonous doses (80, 100 and 120 mg/kg) of PCP hydrochloride and the hair roots were plucked out with hair nippers at certain times after administration. The hair root samples were extracted with methanol/HCl. After evaporation of the solvent, the residue was derivatized with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) acetamide and analyzed with GC/MS. PCP was detected at high concentrations (up to 181.7 ng/mg) from all samples. The peak concentrations at every dose were observed at 6 h. The concentrations of PCP in the rat hair roots increased dose-dependently in the range of the doses. 1-(1-Phenylcyclohexyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine (PCHP) and trans-1-phenyl-1(4'-hydroxypiperidino)-4-cyclohexanol (t-PCPdiol) were also detected from 5 and 15 min to 48 h after administration, respectively. It is concluded that hair root is a useful specimen for the diagnosis of acute PCP poisoning because PCP, PCHP and t-PCPdiol are detected very soon after administration and a large amount of them is retained in hair root for a long time. PCHP was found from the early stage in hair roots and its concentration was higher than that of t-PCPdiol for 6 h. However, the concentration of t-PCPdiol became higher than that of PCHP after 6 h. These phenomena could be explained by the time lag of production of the primary (PCHP) and the secondary metabolite (PCPdiol).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug Analysis, Showa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagasaki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakahara
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002138:Calibration; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning; D008297:Male; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning; D010880:Piperidines / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: C109379:1-(1-phenyl-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-4'-hydroxypiperidine; D006213:Hallucinogens; D010880:Piperidines; C031108:1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine; D010622:Phencyclidine