Higher prevalence of diabetes in hypertensive subjects with upper body fat distribution.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the association of hypertension and upper body fat distribution on the occurrence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Mexicans.


METHODS
It was a population-based cross-sectional study in Cuajimalpa, a district of Mexico City. A total of 1066 subjects were home interviewed, and attended our clinic for fasting plasma glucose sampling, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements. Diabetes was defined according to the World Health Organization criteria, and hypertension as a blood pressure equal to or greater than 140/90. The ratio of upper to lower body skinfolds was used to estimate body fat distribution.


RESULTS
The prevalence of diabetes was 12.0%. There was a significant positive trend in the age and sex adjusted prevalence of diabetes according to the magnitude of hypertension (p = 0.0006) and upper body fat distribution (p = 0.007). The age and sex adjusted prevalence in normotensive subjects with lower body fat distribution was 7.1% (95% confidence interval 5.9-8.2) whereas it was 19.9% (CI 17.0-22.8) in those with hypertension and upper body fat distribution. The prevalence of diabetes in Mexicans was high and it may be related to a genetic susceptibility for an insulin resistance syndrome.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that there is a dose response effect in the association of hypertension and upper body fat distribution with diabetes in Mexicans, and that there may be an interaction in the effect of hypertension and body fat distribution in this syndrome.
Escobedo-de-la-Peña
J
J
Grupo de Estudio de Diabetes Mellitus, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, D.F., México.
Islas
S
S
Lifshitz-Guinzberg
A
A
Méndez
J D
JD
Revilla
C
C
Vázquez-Estupiñán
F
F
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D013008:Somatotypes; D013577:Syndrome
D001786:Blood Glucose