title: Childhood caffeine tic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether caffeine ingestion was temporally correlated with tics in 2 healthy children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two first-degree cousins were observed over a period of approximately 3 years, and the presence and absence of tics was recorded and correlated with consumption of or abstinence from caffeinated foods or beverages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Appearance and disappearance of tics were closely and clearly temporally correlated with ingestion and elimination of caffeine in the cousins' diets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our observations suggest that caffeine may precipitate tics in susceptible children.
authors.affiliation: University of Kansas Medical Center Comprehensive Epilepsy Center Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Osorio
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D002099:Cacao / Q000009:adverse effects; D002110:Caffeine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013981:Tic Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D002110:Caffeine