title: A conserved HIV gp120 glycoprotein structure involved in chemokine receptor binding.
abstract: The entry of primate immunodeficiency viruses into target cells depends on a sequential interaction of the gp120 envelope glycoprotein with the cellular receptors, CD4 and members of the chemokine receptor family. The gp120 third variable (V3) loop has been implicated in chemokine receptor binding, but the use of the CCR5 chemokine receptor by diverse primate immunodeficiency viruses suggests the involvement of an additional, conserved gp120 element. Through the use of gp120 mutants, a highly conserved gp120 structure was shown to be critical for CCR5 binding. This structure is located adjacent to the V3 loop and contains neutralization epitopes induced by CD4 binding. This conserved element may be a useful target for pharmacologic or prophylactic intervention in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Rizzuto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wyatt
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hernández-Ramos
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Kwong
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Hendrickson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sodroski
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D003460:Crystallization; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C076613:recombinant soluble CD4