An enzyme immune assay for serum anti-acetaldehyde adduct antibody using low-density lipoprotein adduct and its significance in alcoholic liver injury.
An acetaldehyde (AcH) adduct was prepared using rabbit low-density lipoprotein as carrier proteins. An antibody against this adduct was raised in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits and cross-reacted with human low-density lipoprotein and bovine serum albumin adducts. Using this antibody, serum anti-AcH-adduct antibody levels were measured by a direct ELISA method in 56 Japanese adults (healthy adults and patients with nonalcoholic gastrointestinal diseases, alcoholic liver injury, or alcoholic pancreatitis). The antibody level (mean +/- SD) was 22 +/- 10 microg/ml in healthy adults, 22 +/- 11 microg/ml in nonalcoholic gastrointestinal diseases, and 16 +/- 13 microg/ml in alcoholic pancreatitis. These antibody levels tended to increase with the progression of alcoholic liver injury, starting from fatty liver via hepatitis to cirrhosis, 29 +/- 24 microg/ml in fatty liver, 35 +/- 29 microg/ml in alcoholic hepatitis, and 46 +/- 54 microg/ml in alcoholic cirrhosis. The antibody level in patients taking 100 g or more of ethanol per day tended to be higher, compared with those in people taking less ethanol. A follow-up observation revealed that alcohol abstinence after hospitalization raised serum anti-AcH-adduct antibody level in some patients and kept it constantly low in other patients. The immunohistochemical study using the anti-AcH-adduct antibody revealed the presence of adduct-like substance in hepatocytes of liver biopsy specimens obtained from patients with alcoholic liver disease. The results indicate that the anti-AcH-adduct antibody may be associated with the progress of alcoholic liver diseases.
Nagata
N
N
Third Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan.
Nishizaki
Y
Y
Watanabe
N
N
Tsuda
M
M
Matsuzaki
S
S
D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000276:immunology*; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019512:Pancreatitis, Alcoholic / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits
D000906:Antibodies; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D000079:Acetaldehyde