Recent progress in mammalian cloning.
OBJECTIVE
Our purpose was to review recent progress in the use of nuclear transfer technology to produce genetically identical mammals.


METHODS
A literature review was conducted.


RESULTS
The reasons for cloning nonhuman mammals are manyfold including commercial, biomedical, and basic research applications. Individual steps in the nuclear transfer process are itemized, along with a detailed description of the specific approaches used in the production of Dolly, NETI, and DITTO. The potential application of nuclear transfer in the treatment of human infertility is also considered, along with bioethical concerns. Finally, insights are provided concerning the future application of cloning technology in rhesus macaques.


CONCLUSIONS
The cloning of a lamb (Dolly) from an adult, mammary gland cell coupled with the successful production of rhesus monkeys (NETI and DITTO) by nuclear transfer of embryonic cells marks the beginning of a "Golden Age" in the development and application of somatic cell cloning technology in mammals.
Wolf
D P
DP
Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton 97006-3499, USA.
Meng
L
L
Ely
J J
JJ
Stouffer
R L
RL
D000818:Animals; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000639:trends*; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000639:trends; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D006801:Humans; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques