title: Tuberculosis-associated fatal hemophagocytic syndrome in a patient with lymphoma treated with fludarabine.
abstract: A patient with a stage IV high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed a fatal hemophagocytic syndrome is presented: When the patient had achieved complete remission and receiving fludarabine and chlorambucil/prednisone, she developed miliary tuberculosis, the CD4+ T-cell count then being 50/microL; the hemophagocytic syndrome ensuing at this point was fatal. Speculations about the predisposing factors that could have led to this complication are discussed focusing on the severe cellular immunosuppression which developed probably related to the use of fludafabine: it could be useful in the future to use anti-tuberculous prophylaxis in selected patients treated with this purine nucleoside analog.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Hematología y Medicina Intema de Puebla, Laboratorios Clínicos de Puebla, Mexico.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Argüelles
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arizpe-Bravo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcés-Eisele
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Sosa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Argüelles
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ponce-de-León
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D015616:Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications*; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014740:Vidarabine; C024352:fludarabine