title: Colon-specific genotoxicity of heterocyclic amines detected by the modified alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay of multiple mouse organs.
abstract: The in vivo genotoxicity of five heterocyclic amines-Trp-P-2 (13 mg/kg), IQ (13 mg/kg), MeIQ (13 mg/kg), MeIQx (13 mg/kg), and PhIP (40 mg/kg)-in the mucosa of gastrointestinal and urinary tract organs (stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, and bladder) was studied by the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCG) (Comet) assay. Male CD-1 mice were sacrificed 1, 3, and 8 h after intraperitoneal injection. All the heterocyclic amines studied yielded statistically significant DNA damage in the colon but not the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) or urinary bladder. In this study, five heterocyclic amines were injected intraperitoneally to avoid the consequences of ingestion. Thus, the extensive damage to colon DNA was concluded to be due, at least in part, to a systemic effect.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genotoxicity, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hachinohe National College of Technology, Tamonoki Uwanotai 16-1, Hachinohe, Aomori 039-11, Japan. yfsasaki-c@hachinoche-ct.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saga
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Y Q
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsusaka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuda
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002243:Carbolines / Q000633:toxicity; D003106:Colon / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000633:toxicity; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D002243:Carbolines; D007093:Imidazoles; D009153:Mutagens; D011804:Quinolines; C019133:3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole; C049584:2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine; C036989:2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline