title: Spatial arrangement of the structural elements of vocal fold layers: an adjustment to the vibration process.
abstract: It is well established that the multilayered structure of the vocal fold is highly adjusted to the requirements of the vibration process during phonation. There is also some partial data indicating that the spatial arrangement of each vocal fold layer corresponds to the functional requirements, and thus facilitate the phonation process. Nevertheless, all reports on the spatial arrangement of the vocal fold structures deal only with an individual element of the vocal fold histologic structure. The present study encompasses the spatial histologic analysis of all major elements of the vocal fold layers. It was demonstrated that the vocal fold epithelial cells, the connective and muscle fibers, and even the blood vessels run parallel to the vocal fold free edge, which indicates a high adjustment to the phonation requirements and the vibration process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Zemun Clinical-Hospital Center, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Milutinović
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Polić
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milenković
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sretenović
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010699:Phonation / Q000502:physiology*; D014732:Vibration; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*