title: Early postexercise thallium-201 reinjection after sublingual nitroglycerin augmentation: effects on detection of myocardial ischemia and/or viability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thallium-201 (201Tl) reinjection after conventional redistribution imaging is a standard procedure, resulting in enhanced 201Tl redistribution which is compatible with viable myocardium. Although this method significantly improves identification of viable myocardium, it increases the investigation time by approximately 1 h. Thus, this technique is suboptimal from the standpoint of patient convenience, since its routine performance may be impractical in a high-volume nuclear medicine laboratory.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of an early 201Tl reinjection and imaging protocol in combination with sublingual nitroglycerin, to detect myocardial ischemia and/or viability, and to reduce the need for conventional (4 h) redistribution imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 62 consecutive coronary patients, referred for the detection of possible myocardial ischemia and/or viability, were involved (mean age 55 years, range 41-70). Of those, 50 had previous angina attacks, with 42 having a history of previous myocardial infarction; 10 patients had coronary artery bypass grafting; and the remaining 2 had atypical chest pain. Immediately after the completion of the initial postexer-cise imaging, 0.3 mg sublingual nitroglycerin followed by the reinjection of 1 m Ci of 201Tl were administered, and two further sets of images were acquired 1 h and 4 h later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In each set of images, a total of 496 segments were analyzed. On postexercise imaging, 305 (61%) segments demonstrated defects of which 198 (65%) showed enhanced thallium uptake, 97 (32%) did not change, and 10 (3%) showed reverse redistribution on 1 h reinjection imaging (IRI). Of the 97 persistent defects, only 17 (6%) showed fill-in of 201Tl on 4 h redistribution imaging (CRI), while 12 (4%) segments showed reverse redistribution. On the other hand, after analyzing the 62 patients of the 1 h IRI, 17 (27%) remained unchanged while in only 1 patient (6%) of 17 the diagnosis changed from myocardial necrosis to ischemia after analysis of the 4 h CRI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that early postexercise reinjection of 201Tl in combination with sublingual nitroglycerin followed by 1 h image acquisition may prove useful for a comprehensive and convenient assessment of myocardial ischemia and/or viability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics and Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Athens University, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antonopoulos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Georgiou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kyriakidis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nikolopoulos
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Toutouzas
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Proukakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D005996:Nitroglycerin