title: Randomised, controlled trial of spirometric changes in elderly people receiving timolol or betaxolol as initial treatment for glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate respiratory and cardiovascular side effects in elderly people in the first 12 months after commencing topical beta antagonists.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 patients (mean age 74 years) were recruited to a randomised, masked study. Spirometry, pulse, and blood pressure were recorded before, 1 month, and 12 months after starting topical therapy with either timolol 0.5% twice daily or betaxolol 0.5% twice daily.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 1 month five of 20 patients allocated timolol and three of 20 given betaxolol had discontinued it for respiratory reasons, not always accompanied by symptoms. There were no significant differences in changes in mean values of spirometry, pulse, or blood pressure between groups. No further changes were made in therapy for respiratory reasons in the following year. One patient suffered a hypotensive stroke within 2 days of starting timolol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By performing spirometry before starting topical beta antagonist therapy and repeating it after 1 month most patients at risk of respiratory impairment can be identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine for the Elderly, St James's University Hospital, Leeds.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Diggory
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cassels-Brown
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vail
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hillman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015784:Betaxolol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013147:Spirometry; D013999:Timolol / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D013999:Timolol; D015784:Betaxolol