title: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study in vivo of human HT29 tumours using 19F and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: 19F-MRS (magnetic resonance spectroscopy) was used to study the pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human (HT29) tumour xenografts, with and without pretreatment of the mice using either thymidine (40 min) or interferon-alpha (2 and 24 h). A 200 mg/kg i.p. bolus dose of 5-FU was eliminated from control tumours with a t1/2 of 25.4 +/- 2 min (mean +/- SEM, n = 11), while both thymidine (500 mg/kg) and interferon (50,000 IU/mouse) significantly increased t1/2 to 36.5 +/- 6.1 (n = 5) and 48.1 +/- 13.6 min (n = 4), respectively (P = 0.04, Gabriel's ANOVA). Thymidine increased 5-FU anabolism to cytotoxic 5-fluoronucleotides, and decreased the amount of tumour catabolites; the latter probably recirculated from liver since isolated HT29 cells did not catabolize 5-FU. These in vivo observations were confirmed by 19F-MRS quantification of tumour extracts. Interferon did not significantly affect 5-FU metabolism in the tumour or liver, nor the 5-FU t1/2 in liver. Treatment of tumours with 5-FU or interferon had no effect on tumour growth, whereas the combination strongly inhibited growth. 31P-MRS of HT29 tumours showed that 2 and 24 h after i.p. injections of interferon there was a significant increase in the pHint of 0.3 +/- 0.04 units (P = 0.002), while pHext and the tumour NTP/Pi ratio were unchanged. The large increase in the negative pH gradient (-delta pH) across the tumour plasma membrane caused by interferon suggest the delta pH may be a factor in tumour retention of 5-FU, as recently shown in isolated tumour cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, U.K.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: McSheehy
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Seymour
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ojugo
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Leach
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Judson
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019073:HT29 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D013936:Thymidine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D005472:Fluorouracil; D013936:Thymidine