Somatosensory homunculus as drawn by MEG.
We studied a detailed somatosensory representation map of the human primary somatosensory cortex using magnetoencephalography. Somatosensory-evoked magnetic fields following tactile stimulation of multiple points in the right hemibody (including the tongue, lips, fingers, arm, trunk, leg, and foot) were analyzed in five normal subjects. We were able to estimate equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) following stimulation of the tongue, lips, fingers, palm, forearm, elbow, upper arm, and toes in most subjects and those following the stimulation of the chest, ankle, and thigh in one subject. The ECDs were located in the postcentral gyrus and generally arranged in order along the central sulcus, which is compatible with the somatosensory "homunculus." Linear distances, averaged in five subjects, from the receptive area of the thumb to that of the tongue, little finger, forearm, upper arm, and toes were estimated to be 2.42 +/- 0.28, 1.25 +/- 0.28, 2.21 +/- 0.72, 2.75 +/- 0.63, and 5.29 +/- 0.48 cm, respectively. The moment of each ECD, which suggested the size of the cortical areas responsive to the stimulation, was also compatible with the bizarre proportion of the homunculus with a large tongue, lips, and fingers. According to these results, we were able to reproduce a large part of the somatosensory homunculus quantitatively on an individual brain MRI.
Nakamura
A
A
Department of Biofunctional Research, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Aichi, Japan. nakamura@nils.go.jp
Yamada
T
T
Goto
A
A
Kato
T
T
Ito
K
K
Abe
Y
Y
Kachi
T
T
Kakigi
R
R
D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D012016:Reference Values; D013003:Somatosensory Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology