The HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins: fusogens, antigens, and immunogens.
The human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins interact with receptors on the target cell and mediate virus entry by fusing the viral and cell membranes. The structure of the envelope glycoproteins has evolved to fulfill these functions while evading the neutralizing antibody response. An understanding of the viral strategies for immune evasion should guide attempts to improve the immunogenicity of the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins and, ultimately, aid in HIV-1 vaccine development.
Wyatt
R
R
Department of Cancer Immunology/AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Sodroski
J
J
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000502:physiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000378:metabolism
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015488:HIV Antigens; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D015728:Receptors, HIV