title: Three-dimensional kinematics and trunk muscle myoelectric activity in the young lumbar spine: a database.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document the three-dimensional (3D) kinematics of the lumbar spine and the myoelectric activity of trunk muscles throughout the range of motion in selected tasks performed by healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey of a single population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A research laboratory in a university setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four men and women, university-age, with no history of chronic lower back pain volunteered for this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The selected tasks consisted of lateral bend and axial twists to the right and left plus four different flexion-extension tasks that varied a hand-held weight (10kg and 0kg), and flexion-extension velocity (free-paced and 20 degrees/sec).
  
  
  METHODS
  3D lumbar spine kinematics and normalized, linear enveloped electromyogram (EMG) of trunk muscles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The motion time histories were illustrated graphically. Consistent spinal kinematics and EMG activation patterns during each task across subjects were seen. Peak displacement values between tasks, using one-way analysis of variance, showed no significant difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A database of healthy spine kinematics and normalized linear enveloped trunk muscle activation patterns were developed for future comparison of elderly and pathological subjects.
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Peach
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Sutarno
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: McGill
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001415:Back; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D016474:Weight-Bearing