title: [A protocol of in vivo 3D experimental evaluation of global posture and motion of the spine].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of his study was to assess 3D global posture and movement of body segments, especially for scoliotic subjects. As scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity, it needs three-dimensional evaluation and correction, but there is no mean today to get 3D dynamic examination of the whole body.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using opto-electronic methods, an experimental protocol was established to compare the pre- and post-operative results of treatment. Firstly, the reliability of the protocol was tested in healthy adult subject. Secondly, a reference group of 15 healthy teenagers was analysed Besides, first scoliotic subject in pre- and post-operative situations were followed. The markers fixed on the skin allowed us to calculate the position of the head, the pelvic, the shoulders and the spinal axis, during a static trial and motions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reliability of the protocol was satisfactory (standard deviation (s) < 5.4 degrees in a flexion movement). The inter-subject variability was greater for the position of the head than for the pelvis, the shoulders or the spinal axis. The scoliotic patient showed a straightening of the whole body in the three anatomic planes. One month after treatment, the range of motion were reduced (+13.8 degrees for the pelvic flexion during a flexion movement), but six months after surgery they were greater than before (+14.7 degrees).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many systems have been proposed to measure the motion of the trunk, but they were not three-dimensional. The opto-electronic method is a non invasive, external and dynamic system.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biomécanique, ENSAM, Paris.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ployon
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lavaste
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maurel
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Skalli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dubousset
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zeller
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rolland Gosselin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011187:Posture; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D013131:Spine / Q000502:physiology*
vernacular_title: Protocole pour l'évaluation expérimentale 3D in vivo de la posture et de la cinématique globale du rachis.