title: Chronic exposure to TPA depletes PKC alpha and augments Ca-dependent insulin secretion from cultured rat islets.
abstract: The insulin secretory responses of rat islets to glucose (15 mM), 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA; 500 nM), and potassium (30 mM) were determined from perifused islets cultured for 22-24 h in CMRL-1066 medium (control cultured) or islets cultured in the additional presence of 500 nM TPA. Islet content of protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) and serine and threonine phosphoprotein patterns were also monitored after the culture period. Compared with freshly isolated islets, culturing alone had no adverse effect on the capacity of TPA or 30 mM potassium to stimulate secretion or on the islet content of PKC alpha. In agreement with previous studies, culturing in TPA reduced the islet content of immunoreactive PKC alpha by > 95% and abolished the capacity of the phorbol ester to stimulate secretion during a subsequent dynamic perifusion. Culturing in TPA slightly improved the insulin secretory response to 15 mM glucose compared with control-cultured islets; however, sustained rates of 15 mM glucose-induced secretion from these islets were significantly less than the responses of freshly isolated islets. Islets cultured in TPA responded to 30 mM potassium with a markedly amplified insulin secretory response that was abolished by nitrendipine. Enhanced phosphorylation of several islet proteins was also observed in TPA-cultured islets compared with control-cultured islets. These findings demonstrate that culturing alone impairs glucose-induced secretion, a response that is improved but still subnormal compared with freshly isolated islet responses, if TPA is included in the culture medium. Sustained phosphorylation of several islet proteins in TPA-cultured islets may account, at least in part, for augmented calcium-dependent secretion.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, Connecticut 06536-0740, USA.
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Zawalich
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonnet-Eymard
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Zawalich
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Yaney
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009568:Nitrendipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D007328:Insulin; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D009568:Nitrendipine; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D005947:Glucose; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium