title: [The relationship between the serum level of prostate specific antigen and bone and CT scans in the staging of the primary carcinoma of the prostate].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationship between the serum level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the presence of abnormalities in a skeletal or CT scan in patients with primary carcinoma of the prostate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam.
  
  
  METHODS
  The serum PSA levels were compared with the findings in the skeletal and CT scans of 440 patients with carcinoma of the prostate without clinical signs of metastases, seen in the period from January 1990 to December 1994 in the outpatient clinics for Urology of the Academic Medical Centre (AMC) in Amsterdam, Hospital Gooi-Noord in Blaricum and Hospital De Heel in Zaandam. CT scan data were analysed only from the AMC and Hospital Gooi-Noord.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 76 patients with a positive bone scan (17.3%) and 31 (out of 337; 9.2%) with a positive CT scan. Higher PSA serum levels went together with increasing risk of abnormalities in bone or CT scan. Of 85 patients with PSA values < 10 micrograms/l, none had a positive bone scan and one (out of 73; 1%) a positive CT scan; of the 180 patients with PSA levels < 20 micrograms/l, 4 (2.2%) had a positive bone scan and 2 (out of 154; 1.3%) a positive CT scan. The T stage, the histological grading and the serum alkaline phosphatase activity appeared not to have any supplementary value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In view of the low frequency of abnormalities in a bone or CT scan in patients with low PSA levels, it appears justified no longer to recommend bone or CT scanning for staging of patients for a clinically non-metastasized carcinoma of the prostate and serum PSA levels < 20 micrograms/l.
authors.affiliation: Afd. Radiotherapie, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hoefman
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hulshof
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: de Reijke
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bruijnes
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Redekop
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: van Straalen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003950:Diagnostic Techniques, Urological; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
vernacular_title: De samenhang tussen de serumconcentratie van prostaatspecifiek antigeen en de skelet- en CT-scan bij de stagering van primair prostaatcarcinoom.