title: Pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion: effect of the glycemic index on endurance exercise performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to examine the effect of glycemic index of pre-exercise carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion on exercise metabolism and performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight endurance trained men ingested a high glycemic index (HGI), low glycemic index (LGI), or a placebo (CON) meal 45 min before exercise and then cycled for 50 min at 67% VO2max. Subjects subsequently performed a 15-min self-paced performance ride in which total work (kJ) was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma glucose concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) after ingestion in HGI compared with LGI and CON (7.53 +/- 0.64 vs 5.55 +/- 0.21 and 4.65 +/- 0.14 mmol.L-1 for HGI, LGI, and CON, respectively, 30 min postprandial; mean +/- SE) but declined at the onset of exercise and were lower (P < 0.01) compared with LGI and CON (4.03 +/- 0.31 vs 4.64 +/- 0.24 and 5.09 +/- 0.16 mmol.L-1 for HGI, LGI, and CON respectively; mean +/- SE) at 10 min of exercise. Plasma glucose remained depressed (P < 0.01) until 30 min into exercise in HGI compared with other trials. Plasma insulin concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) following ingestion during rest and exercise in HGI compared with LGI and CON. Plasma FFA concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) following ingestion in HGI and LGI compared with CON and higher (P < 0.05) in LGI compared with HGI at the start and end of exercise. RER and CHO oxidation was higher (P < 0.01) in HGI compared with LGI and CON during submaximal exercise. There were no differences in work output during the performance cycle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that pre-exercise CHO feedings with varying glycemic indexes do not affect exercise performance following short term submaximal exercise despite alterations in metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Recreation, Victoria University of Technology, Footscray, Australia.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sparks
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Selig
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Febbraio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004435:Eating; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates