title: Predictors of smoking cessation following physicians' counseling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was, to identify predictors of quitting following general practitioners' (GP) anti-smoking counseling.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied determinants (characterized following the Precede framework) of successful quitting (1 year sustained abstinence, biochemically confirmed at 6- and 12-month follow-up) among 861 smokers randomized to the intervention groups based on repeated counseling (RC), RC + spirometric testing, and RC + nicotine gum, in a smoking cessation trial carried out in Turin, Italy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GPs' intervention worked best for male (OR = 2.30; 95% CI, 1.13-4.52) and married (OR = 3.63; 95% CI, 1.37-9.59) smokers, for smokers who had maintained abstinence for at least 1 month in the past (OR = 6.78; 95% CI, 1.56-29.52) or at their first quit attempt (OR = 10.91; 95% CI, 2.37-50.13), and for those who spontaneously reduced their coffee consumption (OR = 3.30; 95% CI, 1.59-6.82); heavy smokers (> = 20 cig/day OR = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.24-0.93) and those living with other smokers (> = 1 smokers in the household: OR = 0.44; 95% CI, 0.22-0.90) were less likely to give up. Previous antismoking advice by the GP represented a strong barrier to success for healthy smokers (OR = 0.19; 95% CI, 0.07-0.52), but not for those reporting symptoms of shortness of breath (OR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.39-9.20). There were no interactions between predictors and treatment conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment of factors influencing quitting would allow GPs to tailor their message to address existing barriers and to help patients utilize their resources for change.
authors.affiliation: CPO Piemonte, Unitá di Epidemiologia, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Senore
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Battista
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Segnan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ponti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosso
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aimar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015984:Causality; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology