title: A randomised controlled trial of antibiotic prophylaxis for vesico-vaginal fistula repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that intravenous antibiotics given intra-operatively reduce the failure rate of vesico-vaginal fistula repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single blind, randomised controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A district hospital in Benin, West Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-nine women undergoing repair of an obstetric vesico-vaginal fistula by a single surgeon at Hopital Evangelique; two women had repeat operations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants in the treatment group (n = 41) received ampicillin 500 mg intra-operatively. Controls (n = 40) received no prophylactic antibiotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Failure of fistula closure and objective incontinence (a positive pad test) at hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes included febrile morbidity, other antibiotic use and urinary infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antibiotic prophylaxis did not reduce the odds of failed repair (OR 2.1 95% CI 0.75-6.1) or of objective incontinence (OR 1.9; 95% CI 0.72-5.1). The women in the antibiotic prophylaxis group received less post-operative antibiotics and had less urinary infections at day 10.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prophylactic antibiotics should not be used in vesico-vaginal fistulae repair in the developing world outside randomised controlled trials.
authors.affiliation: Hopital Evangelique, Bembereke, Benin Republic.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tomlinson
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Thornton
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods*; D001541:Benin; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012086:Reoperation; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D014719:Vesicovaginal Fistula / Q000601:surgery*; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D010406:Penicillins; D000667:Ampicillin