title: Evaluation of an enforcement program to reduce tobacco sales to minors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated an active enforcement program to increase retailers' compliance with the law prohibiting tobacco sales to minors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tobacco sales to minors were monitored in 319 outlets in 6 pairs of communities in Erie County, New York. One community in each pair was randomly assigned to an enforcement intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Retailers' compliance with the law increased from 35% in 1994 to 73% in 1995. However, the change in compliance rates was roughly the same for stores in the enforcement and nonenforcement communities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Active compliance checking of retail outlets as a strategy to reduce illegal tobacco sales to minors may only be necessary insofar as it contributes to an increase in retailers' perception that the threat of enforcement is real.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Control and Epidemiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. mcummings@sc3102.med.buffalo.edu
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hyland
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saunders-Martin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perla
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Pechacek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D004335:Drug and Narcotic Control / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009518:New York; D012907:Smoking / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012926:Social Control, Formal