title: Feto-maternal circulation: mathematical model and comparison with Doppler measurements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Clinicians are more and more frequently studying fetal blood flow velocity curves recorded by Doppler ultrasound in vital organs such as the placenta and fetal brain to evaluate fetal well-being. We have therefore developed a mathematical model of the utero-placental and fetal circulations which could be used for teaching and for a better understanding of regulatory mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The model is based on two basic elements-an arterial segment and a bifurcation-and we have reproduced the major arteries of the feto-maternal circulation combining these basic elements. The mathematical model of the system is based on the Navier-Stokes equations. The peripheral areas such as the brain, kidneys and placenta are modeled by a simple Windkessel model and the model computes instantaneous flow and pressure at any point in the fetal arterial tree and the uterine arteries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have compared the computed instantaneous flow curves and pressure with in vivo data and our results agree with the findings in physiological situations and in gravidic hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our model provides new interesting insights into fetal hemodynamics such as a better understanding of the mismatch impedance phenomena and is a promising model for the study of blood redistribution mechanisms in hypoxic situations.
authors.affiliation: Unité INSERM 316, Faculté de Médecine, 2 bis boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours Cedex, France. inserm316@med.univ.tours.fr
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ménigault
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vieyres
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lepoivre
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pourcelot
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pourcelot
mesh_terms: D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000098:blood supply*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008433:Mathematics; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D010920:Placenta / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging