title: Cot kinase activates tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression in a cyclosporin A-resistant manner.
abstract: Cot kinase is a protein serine/threonine kinase, classified as a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase, implicated in T lymphocyte activation. Here we show that an increase in Cot kinase expression promotes tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production in Jurkat T cells stimulated by soluble anti-CD3 or by low concentrations of phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) and calcium ionophore. Overexpression of Cot kinase in Jurkat cells activates TNF-alpha gene expression. Cot kinase promotes TNF-alpha promoter activation to a similar extent as calcium ionophore and PDBu or soluble anti-CD28 and PDBu. Neither phorbol esters nor calcium ionophore can replace Cot kinase on TNF-alpha promoter-driven transcription. Expression of a dominant negative form of Cot kinase inhibits TNF-alpha promoter activation induced by stimulation with either calcium ionophore and PDBu, soluble anti-CD28 and PDBu, or soluble anti-CD3 and PDBu. TNF-alpha promoter-driven transcription by Cot kinase is partially mediated by MAPK/ERK kinase and is cyclosporin A-resistant. Cot kinase increases at least the AP-1 and AP-2 response elements. These data indicate that Cot kinase plays a critical role in TNF-alpha production.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, CSIC, Facultad Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ballester
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tobeña
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alemany
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells / Q000502:physiology; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000235:genetics; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000502:physiology; D014162:Transfection / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D017252:CD3 Complex; D005419:Flavonoids; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D000001:Calcimycin; D003907:Dexamethasone; D016572:Cyclosporine; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; C069937:MAP3K8 protein, human; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one