title: Susceptibility of Biomphalaria alexandrina to the plant Azolla pinnata and some herbicides in relation to infection with Schistosoma mansoni miracidia.
abstract: Molluscicidal activity of the herebicides 2,4-D and Graminol, as well as both extracts and dry powder of the plant Azolla pinnata were evaluated against B. alexandrina snails. It was observed that 2,4-D proved to be the most toxic compound among he tested ones, showing LC90 of 52 ppm after 24 h of exposure. Ethanol extract of Azolla showed the highest molluscicidal activity against the tested snails compared with the other extracts and dry powder (LC90 = 3300 ppm). Ethanol extract at 6600 ppm after 3 h of exposure killed 100% and 19.4% of S. mansoni miracidia and cercariae, respectively. The molluscicidal activity of 2,4-D was not influenced by the presence of Azolla (900 plants/liter) for 7 days, while Graminol effect was significantly reduced. However, the infectivity of S. mansoni miracidia to B. alexandrina snails was not affected by Azolla existence.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zidan
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hafez
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Abdel-Megeed
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: el-Emam
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Ragab
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: el-Deeb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001700:Biomphalaria / Q000469:parasitology*; D006540:Herbicides; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D008975:Molluscacides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D008975:Molluscacides; D010936:Plant Extracts