title: Assessment of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma with pulmonary metastases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The presence of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) has been suggested as a more important prognostic marker than either grade or mitotic index in the prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma. We assessed the immunoreactivity of PCNA in primary lesions and pulmonary metastases from patients with renal cell carcinoma and correlated the results with various histopathologic features and prognostic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the relationship between PCNA expression and clinical prognostic factors from resected primary lesions and pulmonary metastases from 10 patients and primary lesions from 32 patients with renal cell carcinoma without metastases. The cells were immunohistochemically stained with PCNA monoclonal antibody (PC-10) and 1000 nuclei were counted. The results were expressed as a ratio of stained to total cells (PCNA labeling index, LI %).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PCNA LI of pulmonary metastatic nuclei was significantly higher than the PCNA LI of renal lesions either from patients with (P < 0.05) or without (P < 0.01) metastases. Also, the mean PCNA LI of the pulmonary lesions in patients dying within 3 years of diagnosis was higher than the mean PCNA LI of patients surviving greater than 3 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that the PCNA LI, which was determined by immunohistochemical analysis, is an important marker reflecting the biologic behavior of renal cell carcinomas. The degree of PCNA expression in this study was of prognostic significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanioka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirakawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gohji
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamidono
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen