title: Improvement of HbA1c and blood glucose stability in IDDM patients treated with lispro insulin analog in external pumps.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of the short-acting insulin analog lispro (LP) with that of regular insulin in IDDM patients treated with an external pump.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine IDDM patients (age, 39.4 +/- 1.5 years; sex ratio, 22M/17W; BMI, 24.4 +/- 0.4 kg/m2; diabetes duration, 22.5 +/- 1.6 years) who were treated by external pump for 5.1 +/- 0.5 years were involved in an open-label, randomized, crossover multicenter study comparing two periods of 3 months of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with LP or with Actrapid HM, U-100 (ACT). Boluses were given 0-5 min (LP) or 20-30 min (ACT) before meals. Blood glucose (BG) was monitored before and after the three meals every day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The decrease in HbA1c was more pronounced with LP than with ACT (-0.62 +/- 0.13 vs. -0.09 +/- 0.15%, P = 0.01). BG levels were lower with LP (7.93 +/- 0.15 vs. 8.61 +/- 0.18 mmol/l, P < 0.0001), particularly postprandial BG levels (8.26 +/- 0.19 vs. 9.90 +/- 0.20 mmol/l, P < 0.0001). Standard deviations of all the BG values (3.44 +/- 0.10 vs. 3.80 +/- 0.10 mmol/l, P = 0.0001) and of postprandial BG values (3.58 +/- 0.10 vs. 3.84 +/- 0.10 mmol/l. P < 0.02) were lower with LP. The rate of hypoglycemic events defined by BG < 3.0 mmol/l did not significantly differ between LP and ACT (7.03 +/- 0.94 vs. 7.94 +/- 0.88 per month, respectively), but the rate of occurrences of very low BG, defined as BG < 2.0 mmol/l, were significantly reduced with LP (0.05 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.47 +/- 0.19 per month, P < 0.05). At the end of the study, all but two (95%) of the patients chose LP for the extension phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When used in external pumps, LP provides better glycemic control and stability than regular insulin and does not increase the frequency of hypoglycemic episodes.
authors.affiliation: Service de Diabétologie, Hôpital de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Melki
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Renard
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lassmann-Vague
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boivin
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guerci
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hanaire-Broutin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bringer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Belicar
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jeandidier
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blin
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Augendre-Ferrante
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Tauber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D061389:Insulin, Regular, Pork; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D061389:Insulin, Regular, Pork; C000006:insulin, neutral