title: Shortening and reimplantation for tortuous internal carotid arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the outcome after the shortening and reimplantation of tortuous internal carotid arteries to prevent kinking after endarterectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through a review of prospective records, we studied patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) (n = 233) between 1993 and 1996 who had symptomatic stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) of more than 70%. An elongated proximal ICA was excised, and the ICA was reimplanted into the bifurcation in 30 (13%) patients, with additional patch angioplasty in 5 patients. Of the remaining 203 patients, 50 (21%) had Dacron patch angioplasty, and the rest had conventional CEA with simple closure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the reimplanted group, one patient had a minor stroke with complete recovery on discharge. Three patients (10%) had neck hematomas requiring reexploration, but in none of these was the bleeding from the artery. At mean follow-up of 15 months, 93% of the arteries were widely patent. Significant stenosis secondary to neointimal hyperplasia was detected in only two patients, for a restenosis rate of 6.7%, which is in line with other published reports. In the control group, 8 (3.9%) patients had perioperative transient ischemic attacks, 5 (2.5%) had strokes, and 13 (6.4%) had hematomas requiring evacuation. At follow-up, 14 (6.9%) of the arteries had restenosed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In carotid surgery, reconstructive techniques must be tailored to operative findings. Excision of a tortuous elongated proximal ICA with reimplantation is not associated with additional mortality or morbidity rates over those of conventional CEA alone and has the advantage of removing disease at the bifurcation. This procedure was carried out in 13% of our patients and should be a procedure with which the vascular surgeon is familiar.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, West Didsbury, UK.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Fearn
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: McCollum
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017130:Angioplasty; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000601:surgery*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006406:Hematoma / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012008:Recurrence; D012092:Replantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D014654:Vascular Patency
chemical_list: D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates