title: The use of congo red as a lyotropic liquid crystal to carry stains in a model immunotargeting system--microscopic studies.
abstract: The lyotropic liquid crystal dye-Congo Red was used as a carrier in a model immunotargeting system constructed from sheep red blood cells (SRBC) representing the antigen target and rabbit IgG anti-SRBC as the specific driving immunoglobulin. Rhodamine B and Hemin stains were chosen as example chemicals carried to the target. The carried stains were introduced to the micellar organization of Congo Red by intercalation. Preserving its supramolecular organization, Congo Red binds spontaneously and selectively to antibodies that have altered structure extorted by interaction with the antigen in the immune complex. The functionality of the studied immunotargeting model was verified by fluorescence and electron microscopy. The results indicate that the supramolecular nature of protein ligands offers new ligation capabilities possibly useful for carrying stains or drugs in immune-oriented systems.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Konieczny
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Piekarska
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rybarska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skowronek
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stopa
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tabor
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dabroś
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pawlicki
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Roterman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003224:Congo Red / Q000737:chemistry*; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006427:Hemin / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D008024:Ligands; D008823:Micelles; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008958:Models, Molecular; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008024:Ligands; D008823:Micelles; D012235:Rhodamines; D003224:Congo Red; D006427:Hemin; C029773:rhodamine B