title: Zinc may regulate serum leptin concentrations in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Leptin, the product of the ob gene, plays a key role in a feedback loop that maintains energy balance by signaling the state of energy stores to the brain and by influencing the regulation of appetite and energy metabolism. Zinc also plays an important role in appetite regulation. Thus, we evaluated the relationship between zinc status and the leptin system in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied nine healthy men with marginal zinc deficiency, induced by dietary means, before and after zinc supplementation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Zinc restriction decreased leptin levels while zinc supplementation of zinc-depleted subjects increased circulating leptin levels. In addition, zinc supplementation increased IL-2 and TNF-alpha production that could be responsible for the observed increase in leptin concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Zinc may influence serum leptin levels, possibly by increasing the production of IL-2 and TNF-alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Mantzoros
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grabowski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Adair
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Brewer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D007376:Interleukin-2; D020738:Leptin; D011506:Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D015032:Zinc