title: 2beta-Substituted analogues of 4'-iodococaine: synthesis and dopamine transporter binding potencies.
abstract: A series of 2beta-substituted analogues of 4'-iodococaine (3) was synthesized and evaluated in an in vitro dopamine transporter (DAT) binding assay. Selective hydrolysis at the 2beta-position of 3 gave the carboxylic acid 15 that served as the intermediate for the synthesis of compounds 4, 5, and 6-11. The 2beta-alkyl derivatives were obtained from ecgonine methyl ester (17) through a series of reactions leading to the aldehyde 20. Wittig reaction of 20 with methyltriphenylphosphorane followed by hydrogenation and benzoylation gave the products 12 and 13. The binding affinity of 4'-iodococaine (3) was 10-fold less than that of cocaine. The hydroxymethane, acetate, amide, benzyl ester, oxidazole, and ethane derivatives of 3 exhibited decreased binding while the vinyl, phenyl, and ethyl esters showed a moderate increase in binding affinity. Only the isopropyl derivative 8 exhibited a 2-fold increase in binding affinity compared with 4'-iodococaine (3). Hydroxylation of 8 at the 2'-position gave 14 which enhanced not only the binding potency at the DAT by another 2-fold but also the selectivity at the DAT over the norepinephrine and serotonin transporters. Compound 14 failed to stimulate locomotor activity in C57BL/6J mice over a wide dose range and blocked cocaine-induced locomotor stimulant action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73190, USA.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Avor
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Seale
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pouw
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Basmadjian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: C112872:3-((2'-hydroxy-4'-iodobenzoyl)oxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane-2-carboxylic acid isopropyl ester; C112871:4'-iodococaine; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C493215:Slc6a3 protein, mouse; C493216:Slc6a3 protein, rat; D003042:Cocaine