title: Different indentation velocities activate different populations of mechanoreceptors in humans.
abstract: We have examined whether different skin machanoreceptors are activated by different indentation velocities of a tactile probe. Indentations of 300 microns at velocities of 100 and 400 microns/ms were applied at the dorsolateral side of the foot and at the tip of digit III. Compound sensory action potentials (CSAPs) were recorded from the sural and median nerves, respectively. The amplitudes of the tactile CSAPs were < 1-2 muV, and less than 15% of the CSAPs evoked by electrical stimulation. The areas of the polyphasic tactile CSAPs were 35-38% smaller at 100 microns/ms than at 400 microns/ms. The maximal sensory nerve conduction velocities (SNCVs) were higher in the median than in the sural nerves. In both nerves, the SNCVs were similar at electrical and 400-micron/ms tactile stimulation but 11-17% lower at 100-micron/ms stimulation. Cocaine hydrochloride was applied iontophoretically at the dorsolateral side of the foot, causing a decrease of 50% of the CSAP evoked by 100 microns/ms but only 14% at 400 microns/ms. These studies suggested that identation at 400 microns/ms activated mainly deeply placed (Pacini corpuscles) and to some extent superficial mechanoreceptors, whereas the 100-micron/ms indentation activated primarily superficially situated receptors (Meissner corpuscles, and some slowly adapting units).
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurophysiology NF3063, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Denmark.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simonetti
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dahl
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krarup
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007478:Iontophoresis; D008297:Male; D008465:Mechanoreceptors / Q000502:physiology*; D008475:Median Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010141:Pacinian Corpuscles / Q000502:physiology*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation*; D013497:Sural Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D003042:Cocaine