Entry of alphaherpesviruses mediated by poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 and poliovirus receptor.
A human member of the immunoglobulin superfamily was shown to mediate entry of several alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex viruses (HSV) 1 and 2, porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1). This membrane glycoprotein is poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 (Prr1), designated here as HveC. Incubation of HSV-1 with a secreted form of HveC inhibited subsequent infection of a variety of cell lines, suggesting that HveC interacts directly with the virus. Poliovirus receptor (Pvr) itself mediated entry of PRV and BHV-1 but not of the HSV strains tested. HveC was expressed in human cells of epithelial and neuronal origin; it is the prime candidate for the coreceptor that allows both HSV-1 and HSV-2 to infect epithelial cells on mucosal surfaces and spread to cells of the nervous system.
Geraghty
R J
RJ
Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Krummenacher
C
C
Cohen
G H
GH
Eisenberg
R J
RJ
Spear
P G
PG
D018138:Alphaherpesvirinae / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016466:CHO Cells; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000821:virology; D015870:Gene Expression; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000502:physiology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D011558:Herpesvirus 1, Suid / Q000502:physiology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D000075983:Nectins; D009474:Neurons / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000075983:Nectins; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C039447:glycoprotein D, Human herpesvirus 1; C040570:glycoprotein D-herpes simplex virus type 2; C066100:poliovirus receptor