title: In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to halofantrine compared with chloroquine, quinine and mefloquine in the region of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso (West Africa).
abstract: The in vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum drug-resistant isolates was evaluated in the region of Bobo-Dioulasso during the 1995 and 1996 rainy seasons. Two routinely used antimalarials (chloroquine and quinine) and two new antimalarials (mefloquine and halofantrine) were assessed using 24-hour in vitro cultures with tritiated hypoxanthine and a parasite density > or = 4,000/microl of blood. The proportion of chloroquine-resistant isolates was 20% in 1995 and 19% in 1996, whilst in 1996, the proportion of isolates resistant to halofantrine was greater than in 1995 (9.6% versus 1%). No significant differences were seen in the mean IC50 values in relation to the susceptibility of chloroquine-resistant or chloroquine-sensitive isolates to mefloquine and halofantrine. In the case of quinine, the mean IC50 values were significantly higher in chloroquine-resistant isolates than in chloroquine-sensitive ones. A significant positive correlation was found between the following IC50 values: chloroquine versus quinine, quinine versus mefloquine and mefloquine versus halofantrine.
authors.affiliation: Centre Muraz/OCCGE, Malaria Chemoresistance Reference Centre, Parasitology and Entomology Laboratory Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. palu.muraz@fasonet.bf
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ouédraogo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dutheil
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tinto
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Traoré
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zampa
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tall
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Coulibaly
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Guiguemdé
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002050:Burkina Faso; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D015767:Mefloquine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D011803:Quinine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D002738:Chloroquine; D011803:Quinine; C023768:halofantrine; D015767:Mefloquine