[Detection of the nucleic acids of hepatitis B and C viruses and human immunodeficiency virus for the biological screening of blood donations. Viral Hepatitis and Retrovirus Working Groups and Subgroup for Molecular Biology Applied to Transfusion Virology of the French Blood Transfusion Society].
Direct viral DNA or RNA detection by genomic amplification methods should contribute to the improvement of blood supply safety by reducing the pre-seroconversion window period. However, nucleic acid testing may not eliminate virus transmission from window period donations. Moreover, the virus subtype diversity has to be taken into account for the choice of nucleic amplification assays. Technology for nucleic acid testing has not been developed to be implemented in blood screening laboratories. The limitations of these procedures are mainly linked to the difficulties related to the automation of sample processing and to the possibilities of cross contamination of samples due to the high sensitivity of amplification methods. The extreme complexity of nucleic acid testing for single donation screening (development of an on-site automated high-throughput instrumentation, training, specialized facilities for sample processing, amplification and detection...) and its high cost mean that strategies using amplification testing of pooled samples should be developed.
Laperche
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Laboratoire de virologie transfusionnelle, Institut national de la transfusion sanguine, Paris, France.
D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis; D001331:Automation; D001771:Blood Banks / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D001782:Blood Donors; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000592:standards*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006678:HIV / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests; D013997:Time Factors; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D014766:Viremia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*
D004279:DNA, Viral; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral
Réflexions concernant le dépistage des acides nucléiques des virus des hépatites B et C et du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine dans la qualification biologique des dons. Les groupes de travail Hépatites virales et Rétrovirus et le sous-groupe Biologie moléculaire appliquée à la virologie transfusionnelle de la Société française de transfusion sanguine.