title: [Cardiac MR flowmetry: experimental validation and results in patients with operated heart defects].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A flow-sensitive MR sequence (phase-contrast technique) was evaluated in phantom studies with regard to factors influencing measurements and correctness of results. The sequence was additionally used for functional evaluation of operated congenital heart disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pulsatile and constant flow were produced with the help of a phantom. Influence of angulation, range and vessel bending was evaluated. An examination protocol was developed from the results. 35 patients with surgically repaired congenital heart disease or without repair were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A range preset below the actual flow velocity as well as angulation of more than 20 degrees were isolated as main pitfalls in MR flowmetry. In addition to morphological MR findings flow measurements were possible in 11 patients at vessel sites which were not or not completely suited for examination by Doppler ultrasound.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evaluated phase-contrast technique allows for fast and reliable flow quantification if the influences identified in phantom studies are considered.
authors.affiliation: Strahlenklinik und Poliklinik, Virchow-Klinikum der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosten
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gutberlet
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kühne
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oellinger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Böckel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Böck
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frank
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002648:Child; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D012212:Rheology
vernacular_title: Kardiale MR Flussmessungen: Experimentelle Validierung und Ergebnisse bei Patienten mit operierten Herzfehlern.