title: [Pulmonary tuberculosis in children: its age-dependent aspects].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiological particularities of pulmonary tuberculosis depending on the age of the child.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of all children with pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed between 1985 to 1996 were reviewed. They were divided into three age groups according to age: < 3 years, 3-5 year and 6-15 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 173 children identified, 51.4% were male. Forty percent were < 3 years if age, 33.1% between 3 and 5 years and 26.1% between 6 and 15 years old. The frequency of diagnosis derived from a case contact investigation was higher in children < 3 years of age (38.6%) and children aged 3-5 years (52.6%) than in children between 6-15 years old (21.7%, p < 0.05 for both). In the other cases, diagnosis was the result of investigation of an ill child, investigation of a child after pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in a sibling and routine tuberculin skin test reactivity. An adult source of tuberculosis was identified in 68.6% of the children < 3 years old, 59.6% of children aged 3-5, but only in 37% of the children aged 6-15 years (p < 0.05 for both). The case contact was a family member in 92.7% of the children < 6 years of age and in 66.7% of children aged 6-15 years (p < 0.01). Culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was positive in 47.1% of children < 3 years old and 43.9% of children aged 6-15 years, but only in 27.5% of children aged 3.5 years (p < 0.05). Pulmonary parenchymal disease was more frequently found in children < 3 years (67.5%) than in children aged 6-15 years (39.4%, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Investigation of an adult source is essential when a child is diagnosed of pulmonary tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is more intense and the source of adult contact is more frequently found in children < 3 years old.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Infecciosos, Hospital Infantil La Paz, Madrid.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Albisua
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Vidal López
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: del Castillo Martín
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borque
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: García-Miguel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Hortelano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin
vernacular_title: Tuberculosis pulmonar en el niño: características según la edad.