title: [Botulinum toxin injections under electromyographic guidance].
abstract: EMG can be used for both dystonic muscles selection and performing injections of botulinum toxin. The indications for performing injections under EMG guidance in different forms of movement disorders are discussed. There is no need of EMG control in the treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. In cervical dystonia the use of EMG guidance can improve the results of treatment in cases of head tilt, retrocollis, shoulder elevation and in more complex forms of dystonia. The injections should be performed under EMG control in patients with limb, oro-mandibular and laryngeal dystonia and with palatal myoclonus.
authors.affiliation: Oddziału Neurologii, Szpitala im. Dr K. Jonschera w Lodzi.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bogucki
mesh_terms: D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004421:Dystonia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods*; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000294:innervation*; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007821:Laryngeal Muscles / Q000294:innervation*; D008334:Mandible / Q000294:innervation*; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000294:innervation*; D010159:Palate / Q000294:innervation*
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D001905:Botulinum Toxins
vernacular_title: Zastosowanie elektromiografii do wykonywania iniekcji toksyny botulinowej.