title: Systemic causes of dysphagia in adults.
abstract: Dysphagia is associated with many systemic disorders. This article presents information that can be used to assist with developing a differential diagnosis in patients who have dyshpagia without an obvious localized cause. The essentials of the history, physical examination, endoscopy, and special tests are outlined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Schechter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000150:complications; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans