title: Protective efficacy of a recombinant protective antigen against Bacillus anthracis challenge and assessment of immunological markers.
abstract: The efficacy of recombinant Bacillus anthracis Protective Antigen (rPA) produced in Bacillus subtilis and formulated in Alhydrogel or MPL-TDM-CWS (Ribi adjuvant) has been tested and compared to the licensed UK human vaccine in guinea pigs challenged by the aerosol route with the Ames strain of B. anthracis. rPA combined with the Ribi adjuvant was found to be the only formulation to provide 100% protection from challenge. Analysis of immunological parameters in the individual animals revealed significant differences between the rPA/Ribi vaccine group and rPA/Alhydrogel and human vaccine groups for antigen specific lymphocyte proliferation, PA neutralisation and antigen specific IgG2 levels, but indicated no significant differences in PA-specific IgG1 levels. rPA formulated in Alhydrogel induced a mainly IgG1 response whilst the rPA/Ribi vaccine produced a predominantly IgG2 response.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: McBride
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mogg
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Telfer
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lever
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Turnbull
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baillie
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000336:Aerosols; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000881:Anthrax / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000276:immunology*; D017358:Cell Wall Skeleton / Q000494:pharmacology; D003311:Cord Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D008050:Lipid A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008297:Male; D013171:Spores, Bacterial
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000336:Aerosols; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D017358:Cell Wall Skeleton; D003311:Cord Factors; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008050:Lipid A; C075897:Ribi adjuvant; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide