title: Research notes: Prevalence of selected microbial pathogens in processed poultry waste used as dairy cattle feed.
abstract: Processed poultry litter intended for dairy cattle feed was collected on 13 dairy ranches in the San Joaquin Valley of California and analyzed for the presence of significant bacterial pathogens associated with clinical disease in cattle or foodborne disease in humans. Litter samples were collected from the surface and interior of the litter piles upon arrival on the dairies and 2 to 4 wk later. Litter samples were cultured for Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter, and other bacteria. The temperature of the litter piles was obtained on the surface and interior at each sampling. Dry matter was determined for each sample. No Salmonella, E. coli O157, or Campylobacter was identified (n = 104). Other E. coli strains were found in 8 out of 52 samples on arrival and 4 out of 52 samples at 2 to 4 wk after arrival. Although the surface and interior temperatures of the litter pile were different (23 C vs 50 C, respectively), the mean temperatures did not significantly change with time on the ranches. Average dry matter content did not differ between samples. In conclusion, the pathogens under investigation were not detected in processed poultry litter on these California dairy ranches upon arrival at the dairy or 2 to 4 wk later.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine Extension, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Veterinary Medical Teaching and Research Center, Tulare 93274, USA. jjeffrey@vmtrc.uc-davis.edu
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jeffrey
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Atwill
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cullor
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002167:Campylobacter / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002417:Cattle; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006799:Housing, Animal; D011200:Poultry / Q000382:microbiology; D012475:Salmonella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014866:Waste Products
chemical_list: D014866:Waste Products