Apparent enhancement of perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by high maternal anti-gp160 antibody titer.
The presence of antibodies able to enhance infection in vitro in sera from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected patients raises the possibility that antibodies exert a deleterious activity during natural infection. The anti-HIV-1 humoral response and plasma HIV-1 RNA were measured in a cohort of 98 infected mothers, included in the French Prospective Study on Pediatric HIV Infection, 49 of whom transmitted HIV to their children. Transmission from mother to child was associated with antibody responses to the envelope gp160 (P = .009 for serum dilution of 1/400) and to a highly conserved domain of the transmembrane glycoprotein (P = .055 for serum dilution of 1/400) and with plasma HIV-1 RNA levels (P < .0001). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that a high anti-gp160 response and a high plasma virus load are independent risk factors for perinatal transmission of HIV-1 (odds ratio, 3.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-9.9 for anti-gp160; odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-5.0 for virus load).
Pancino
G
G
Génétique des Virus et Immunopharmacologie Moléculaire, Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire, Laboratoire de Virologie, Paris, France. pancino@cochin.inserm.fr
Leste-Lasserre
T
T
Burgard
M
M
Costagliola
D
D
Ivanoff
S
S
Blanche
S
S
Rouzioux
C
C
Sonigo
P
P
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000097:blood; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D016015:Logistic Models; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D019562:Viral Load
D015483:HIV Antibodies; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160