title: Changing trends in esophageal cancer: a 15-year experience in a single center.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Esophageal adenocarcinoma is increasing in white men. We sought to identify trends in esophageal cancer in different patient groups in our region.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of all patients with esophageal cancer seen at two hospitals in Columbia, SC between 1981 and 1995. Patients were divided into three cohorts (1981-1985, 1986-1990, and 1991-1995). Demographic data, histological type, tumor stage, grade, and survival were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histology was available in 371 of 386 patients (cohort 1, 113 patients; cohort 2, 144; and cohort 3, 114). Adenocarcinoma accounted for 24%, 27%, and 49% of esophageal cancer in white men in cohorts 1, 2, and 3, respectively (p = 0.03). Corresponding figures for African-Americans were 10%, 7%, and 3% (p = 0.22). Women comprised 8%, 14%, and 22% of patients with squamous carcinoma in the three cohorts (p = 0.03). Median survival for esophageal cancer was 6.0, 6.8, and 10.4 mo in cohorts 1, 2, and 3 (p = 0.0002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adenocarcinoma is increasing in whites. Squamous carcinoma remains the predominant type in this region, seen mainly in African-Americans. Esophageal squamous carcinoma is increasing in women. The mean age at diagnosis of squamous carcinoma has decreased in whites. There is a trend toward improved survival in patients with esophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29203-6808, USA.
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chockalingam
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hornung
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vasudeva
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Howden
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013022:South Carolina / Q000453:epidemiology