title: The M2 muscarinic receptor antagonist methoctramine activates mast cells via pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins.
abstract: Methoctramine, a selective M2 muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist, has been reported to activate phosphoinositide breakdown at high concentrations. Its polyamine structure suggests a putative activation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins). Incubation of methoctramine with rat peritoneal mast cells resulted in a dose-dependent noncytotoxic histamine release, with an EC50 of 20 microM and a maximum effect at 1 mM. Atropine, pirenzepine and HHSiD neither inhibited methoctramine-induced histamine release nor stimulated histamine release. Histamine release and inositol phosphates generation induced by methoctramine were both inhibited by pertussis toxin pretreatment. Benzalkonium chloride, a selective inhibitor of histamine secretion induced by basic secretagogues, inhibited the secretory response to methoctramine. [p-Glu5, D-Trp7,9,l0]-SPs5-11 (GPAnt-2), a well-characterized antagonist of G proteins, blocked the methoctramine-induced histamine release when the antagonist was allowed to reach its intracellular target by streptolysin O-permeabilization. The response to methoctramine was prevented by the hydrolysis of sialic acid residues of the cell surface by neuraminidase. The response of mast cells was restored by permeabilization of the plasma membrane. These results demonstrate that methoctramine, following its entry into the cell and the involvement of pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins, activates phosphoinositide hydrolysis leading to mast cell exocytosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Neuroimmunopharmacologie, INSERM U 425, Université Louis Pasteur Strasbourg I, Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chahdi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Daeffler
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bueb
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gies
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Landry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003959:Diamines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000502:physiology; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000378:metabolism; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003959:Diamines; D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D009439:Neuraminidase; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid; C054938:methoctramine