title: Identification of cis-elements of the human endothelin-A receptor gene and inhibition of the gene expression by the decoy strategy.
abstract: Previously, we succeeded in molecular cloning of the cDNA and the gene for human endothelin-A receptor (ET-AR). In the present study, we define cis-elements in the 5'-flanking region of the ET-AR gene. Deletion analyses were performed in A7r5 cells, rat vascular smooth muscle cell line, and Chinese hamster ovary cells using ET-AR promoter-luciferase gene constructs including 5 kilobases of the 5'-flanking region. These analyses demonstrated the existence of one negative regulatory element (-2.0 kilobases to -857 bases) and two positive regulatory elements (-137 to -53 and -53 to +251). Gel mobility shift assay revealed a nuclear protein binding to the region (-104 to -78) (R1). DNase I footprinting analysis showed a footprint spanning from -91 to -83 whose sequence is CCCCACCTT (ETA-P1). When a plasmid including R1 fragments (R1 decoy) was co-transfected into A7r5 cells with ET-AR (-137 to +251)-luciferase gene construct, it significantly reduced the luciferase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, R1 decoy down-regulated the endogenous ET-AR mRNA in A7r5 cells by a maximum of 75%. Thus, we identified cis-elements that regulate basal transcriptional activity of the ET-AR gene and proved the feasibility to suppress the expression of the ET-AR gene by the DNA decoy strategy using the positive regulatory element we identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimasa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takaya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D018983:DNA Footprinting; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051381:Rats; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin; C072247:cyclo(Trp-Asp-Pro-Val-Leu)