title: Amniotic fluid prolactin is decreased by experimental intrauterine infection or interleukin-1beta infusion but not via prostaglandins in pregnant rhesus macaques.
abstract: Amniotic fluid contains a high concentration of prolactin produced and secreted by the decidua. In vitro models have suggested that bacterial products inhibit prolactin secretion by decidual cells. To further examine this potentially important regulatory mechanism in the whole animal, chronically instrumented pregnant rhesus monkeys were prepared. Experimental infection was induced by intraamniotic or choriodecidual inoculation of 10(3)-10(6) group B streptococcus. Alternatively, interleukin (IL)-1beta was infused into the amniotic cavity. Finally, indomethacin was coadministered with IL-1beta to block the production of prostaglandins (PGs). The average prolactin level prior to inoculation (0 h) equaled 34.0 +/- 6.4 microg/ml. There was a 40% decrease in prolactin by 37 h postinfection (n = 6) and a 71% decrease between 61 and 72 h postinfection (n = 3, p < 0.01 vs. before infection). Infusion of IL-1beta also caused a decrease in amniotic fluid prolactin. There was a 42% decrease in prolactin between 0 and 24 h postinfusion (p < 0.05) and a 66% decrease between 25 and 72 h after IL-1beta infusion (p < 0.05; n = 6). Coadministration of indomethacin with IL-1beta prevented the accompanying increase in PGs but did not prevent the decrease in prolactin (n = 5). Amniotic fluid prolactin levels in untreated monkeys were stable and without a prepartum decline during the sampling period from 130 to 166 days of gestation. In summary, intrauterine bacterial infection decreases amniotic fluid prolactin, and IL-1beta mimics this effect. The effect of IL-1beta on amniotic fluid prolactin does not appear to be mediated by PGs and may involve a direct effect of IL-1beta on decidual cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton 97006, USA. betheac@ohsu.edu
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Bethea
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Gravett
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Sadowsky
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Haluska
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Axthelm
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Novy
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Axethelm
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D002823:Chorion / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D003656:Decidua / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D011247:Pregnancy; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D011453:Prostaglandins; D011388:Prolactin; D007213:Indomethacin