title: Acute inductive effects on oncogenic proline-directed protein kinase FA/GSK-3 alpha in NIH 3T3 cells by ethanol and cadmium.
abstract: Exposure of NIH 3T3 cells to 375 mM ethanol at 37 degrees C for 20 min could induce a rapid increase in the protein level and cellular activity of oncogenic proline-directed protein kinase FA/glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha (PDPK FA/GSK-3 alpha), up to approximately 300% of the control level, in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The maximal inductive effect on PDPK FA/GSK-3 alpha also occurred within 40 min when cells were treated with only 100 mM ethanol. Similarly, exposure of NIH 3T3 cells to 100 microM cadmium for 2 h could induce a rapid increase in the protein level and cellular activity of PDPK FA/GSK-3 alpha, up to approximately 250% of the control level, in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The maximal inductive effect on this kinase reached within 3 h when cells were treated with only 50 microM cadmium. The results demonstrate that PDPK FA/GSK-3 alpha may not represent a constitutively active/mitogen-inactivated protein kinase as previously conceived. Taken together with the previous report that PDPK FA/GSK-3 alpha is a heat-inducible protein kinase, the results further demonstrate that PDPK FA/GSK-3 alpha may represent a typical cellular stresses-inducible protein kinase subject to early induction by heat, ethanol and cadmium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D019921:Biotinylation; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D038461:Proline-Directed Protein Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000201:enzymology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D000431:Ethanol; D038461:Proline-Directed Protein Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3