title: Development of a novel osteochondral graft for cartilage repair.
abstract: This study reports the development of a novel osteochondral graft for cartilage repair. A technique of proteoglycan extraction via timed enzymatic digestion with hyaluronidase and trypsin and subsequent processing with a chloroform-methanol solution to remove cellular debris from a fresh-frozen bovine osteochondral sample is a method described to prepare a stable biological carrier of low immunogenicity. Lyophilization of the carrier followed by rehydration in a suspension of lapine chondrocytes produced a chimeric xenograft that succeeded in vivo in enhancing cartilage repair. In a pilot study, full-thickness articular cartilage defects treated with these xenografts demonstrated improved healing compared to untreated defects or defects treated with unseeded grafts at 2, 6, and 12 weeks postimplantation. The xenograft provoked a mild inflammatory response; however this did not impede the repair process. Further investigation of this novel chimeric xenograft eventually may yield a method of cartilage repair superior to current methods of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Joint Diseases Orthopaedic Institute, New York, New York 10003, USA.
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Toolan
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Frenkel
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alexander
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000637:transplantation*; D002417:Cattle; D002469:Cell Separation; D017690:Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002725:Chloroform / Q000494:pharmacology; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000637:transplantation*; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000494:pharmacology; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000432:Methanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011817:Rabbits; D012997:Solvents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013585:Synovitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000473:pathology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000473:pathology; D014357:Trypsin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011509:Proteoglycans; D012997:Solvents; D002725:Chloroform; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; D014357:Trypsin; D000432:Methanol