title: Helical CT examination of potential kidney donors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of our study was to evaluate helical CT using axial, coronal, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction in the examination of potential kidney donors and to compare the results with angiography and surgery when possible. We also reviewed previously published reports.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients underwent unenhanced and enhanced helical CT (3-mm collimation, 150-170 ml of i.v. contrast material injected at 4 ml/sec; pitch 1.5; 17-sec scan delay) with coronal and 3D shaded-surface-display reconstructions made from 1.5-mm overlapping reconstructions. All CT scans were interpreted independently of each other by two observers unaware of other findings. A third observer, who was aware of other findings, also interpreted the images. Results were compared with angiography (24 cases) and surgery (24 cases). Our results are compared with those of other investigators.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Axial CT was the best method for detecting accessory arteries (24%) and early branching (10%); it also detected relevant venous and ureteral anatomy and incidental findings. The coronal and 3D images rarely added information that resulted in changed patient treatment. CT findings were concordant with those of digital angiography in 89% of kidneys and were 98% concordant with surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Helical CT can show arterial, venous, and ureteral anatomy and can also show important incidental findings. If only helical CT is used, a few small accessory vessels and an occasional renal artery stenosis may be missed. Axial images are generally diagnostic and may be supplemented by multiplanar and 3D images read concurrently.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Dachman
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Newmark
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Woodle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007472:Iohexol; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014513:Ureter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007472:Iohexol