title: Methotrexate reduces inflammatory cell numbers, expression of monokines and of adhesion molecules in synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most widely prescribed drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The mechanism by which MTX exerts its anti-rheumatic effect has not yet been defined. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of MTX treatment (7.5-15 mg/week) on synovial tissue in RA. For this purpose, synovial biopsies were taken from 11 RA patients before and 16 weeks after initiation of MTX therapy. Immunohistochemistry was performed using monoclonal antibodies (MAb) specific for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD22, CD25, CD38, CD68, MAb67, Ki67, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. All parameters for disease activity improved during the period of treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in scores for CD3, CD8, CD38, CD68, Ki67, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and the adhesion molecules E-selectin and VCAM-1. The observed decrease in synovial scores for inflammatory cells, monokines and adhesion molecules suggests that the anti-inflammatory effect of MTX is, in part, dependent on a reduction in monokine-inducible vascular adhesion molecules and subsequent reduction of cell traffic into joints.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dolhain
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Tak
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Dijkmans
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Kuiper
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Breedveld
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Miltenburg
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000032:analysis; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015846:Monokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D015846:Monokines; D008727:Methotrexate