title: The effect of ciprofloxacin in the prevention of bacterial infection in patients with cirrhosis after upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding are prone to bacterial infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of prophylactic intestinal decontamination with oral ciprofloxacin for the prevention of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 120 cirrhotic patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding were enrolled. Sixty patients received ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily given orally or through nasogastric tube immediately after upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination; drug administration continued for 7 days. The remaining 60 patients, who received placebo, served as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of proven bacterial infection in the ciprofloxacin-treated group was significantly lower than that of placebo group (10% vs 45%, p < 0.001). The incidences of bacteremia, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and urinary tract infection in the ciprofloxacin-treated group were significantly lower than those in the placebo group (0% vs 23%, 3.3% vs 13%, and 5% vs 18%, respectively; p < 0.05, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a lack of prophylactic treatment with ciprofloxacin and severity of cirrhosis were the independent significant predictors for cirrhotic patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding with infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prophylactic intestinal decontamination with oral ciprofloxacin is effective in the prevention of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis who were suffering from acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: F Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: F Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications*; D008104:Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin