title: A systematic review and meta-analysis of family history and risk of ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the relative risk and lifetime risk of ovarian cancer in women with various categories of family history.
  
  
  METHODS
  A meta-analysis of all published case-control and cohort studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pooled relative risk estimates were calculated for the case control studies, using the Mantel-Haenzel method. These estimates were combined with the relative risks from the cohort studies. The pooled estimates of relative risk were used to estimate lifetime risks of ovarian cancer from age 15 up to age 75, for various categories of family history.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relative risks and lifetime risks of developing ovarian cancer were calculated for the categories of women with 1. an affected first degree relative; 2. an affected mother; 3. an affected sister; and 4. women with more than one affected relative.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relative risk to first degree relatives is 3.1 (95% CI 2.6-3.7). There is some evidence that this relative risk declines with age. The relative risk to mothers of cases 1.1 (95% CI 0.8-1.6) was lower than the relative risks to sisters: 3.8 (95% CI 2.9-5.1), and daughters: 6.0 (95% CI 3.0-11.9); the explanation of this difference is unclear.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with a family history of ovarian cancer have a substantially higher risk of developing ovarian cancer compared with women without such a history. However the risk is small for most categories of family history, except for the small number of individuals who have more than one affected relative.
authors.affiliation: WellBeing Ovarian Cancer Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Stratton
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pharoah
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Easton
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Ponder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000235:genetics*