title: The free radical forearm flap: a reliable method for reconstruction of the laryngohypopharynx after in-continuity resection.
abstract: Between 1992 and 1996 14 patients with a squamous cell carcinoma of the laryngohypopharynx underwent tumour resection and primary reconstruction with the free volar forearm flap. Tumour resection was performed by a head and neck surgeon and reconstruction by a plastic surgeon. Preoperative radiotherapy was given to 13 patients and postoperative radiation to one patient. Thirteen patients were male and one patient was female, with a mean age of 66 years (range 53-79 years). The flap was harvested from the left forearm in 12 cases and from the right in two. The mean operation time was 12 h (range 11-20 h), and the mean intraoperative bleeding volume was 700 ml (range 400-1,000 ml). Twelve of 14 flaps survived. One flap was totally lost 3 weeks postoperatively and another was partially lost 2 weeks after surgery. Overall revisional surgery was carried out in six patients. Infections and fistulae at the neck occurred in six of the 14 patients. Six of the 14 patients were alive at follow-up. One patient died of an acute haemorrhage from an oesophageal ulcer 2 months after surgery, one patient died of a second primary oesophageal cancer and six patients developed recurrences. The mean survival time was 26 months (range 2-43 months).
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nathanson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012086:Reoperation; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome