The effects of monosodium glutamate in adults with asthma who perceive themselves to be monosodium glutamate-intolerant.
BACKGROUND
Many previous clinical studies of food-induced asthma suffer from inadequate baseline or control data. A statistically valid, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, monosodium glutamate (MSG)-challenge protocol was developed for identifying early and late asthmatic reactions in an individual.


OBJECTIVE
We sought to determine whether MSG would induce bronchoconstriction in a group of adults with asthma who perceived that they were MSG sensitive.


METHODS
Twelve subjects (seven women, mean age 35.3 years) with clinically documented asthma and a perception of MSG-induced asthma were recruited. FEV1 and peak expiratory flow data were obtained for 3 whole control days, as well as time-matched data for 3 separate challenge days (1 gm MSG, 5 gm MSG, and 5 gm lactose [placebo]). Opaque capsule challenges were given as a single dose in the morning after an overnight fast. Subjects complied with an elimination diet throughout the study. Nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness was measured at baseline, after the control days, and at the conclusion of the challenges. Venous blood samples were taken at baseline and on each challenge day to determine soluble inflammatory marker (eosinophil cationic protein and tryptase) activity.


RESULTS
No immediate or definite late asthmatic reactions occurred. One subject's FEV1 declined more than 15% on MSG challenge, but 95% confidence limits for the control-day spirometry showed that this decline was within her daily variation, hence the challenge was deemed to be negative. No significant changes in bronchial hyperresponsiveness or soluble inflammatory markers were found.


CONCLUSIONS
MSG-induced asthma was not demonstrated in this study. This study highlighted the importance of adequate baseline and control data and indicated that such a rigorous protocol for individual assessment is feasible.
Woods
R K
RK
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital and Monash University Medical School, Melbourne, Australia.
Weiner
J M
JM
Thien
F
F
Abramson
M
M
Walters
E H
EH
D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005503:Food Additives / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012970:Sodium Glutamate / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology*
D005503:Food Additives; D012970:Sodium Glutamate