title: Effects of two low-flux cellulose acetate dialysers on plasma lipids and lipoproteins--a cross-over trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies have shown a beneficial effect of high-flux dialysis on lipids, lipoproteins and lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) activity. This has been attributed to improved clearance of Lpl-inhibitory molecules of middle molecular weight, but differences in flux or biocompatibility have not been addressed. We conducted a blinded cross-over trial of two cellulose acetate dialysers (AN140, Althin Medical Inc. and CA210, Baxter Inc.) of similar flux (11 ml/h/mmHg transmembrane pressure) but with different clearances of larger molecules [AN140 sieving coefficient at mol. wt 11,000 Da (beta2-microglobulin) 0.6; CA210 sieving coefficient negligible].
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients were divided into two groups to receive dialysis with AN140 for 1 week followed by CA210 or vice versa. Before and after the third dialysis with each membrane, plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were measured. Post-dialysis post-heparin lipase activity was measured in six patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen patients completed the study. No difference between dialysers was found for apolipoprotein (apo) A1, B or total cholesterol measurements. The rise in triglyceride post-dialysis was attenuated by AN140 (rise 0.05 +/- 0.4 mmol/l vs CA210 0.44 +/- 0.54 mmol/l, P=0.03), while high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was increased by AN140 (rise 0.18 +/- 0.12 mmol/l vs CA210 0.06 +/- 0.14 mmol/l, P<0.02). ApoE rose with AN140 during dialysis but declined with CA210 (1.10 +/- 1.06 mg/dl and -0.77 +/- 0.63 mg/dl, P=0.002) as did apoCIII (HDL) (AN140 rise 1.33 +/- 2.06 mg/dl; CA210 fall -0.67 +/- 0.73 mg/dl, P=0.001). Lpl activity, measured in six patients, tended to be higher for AN140 (45.3 +/- 10.5 mmol FFA/ml plasma/h vs CA210 (37.2 +/- 7.9 mmol FFA/ml plasma/h) (P=0.16).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that low-flux dialysis using a cellulose acetate membrane with good clearance of higher molecular weight molecules may be associated with beneficial changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins.
authors.affiliation: McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parbtani
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Churchill
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D007688:Kidneys, Artificial; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001053:Apolipoproteins; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D014280:Triglycerides; C005062:acetylcellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D002784:Cholesterol; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase