title: Orthodontic management of long face syndrome.
abstract: Management of the vertical dimension of occlusion is one of the most difficult aspects of orthodontic therapy. Patients with long face syndrome are prone to develop more severe symptoms during orthodontic treatment. This article describes a cephalometric measurement (the MM angle), which is useful in the diagnosis of long face syndrome. It also gives treatment options designed to minimize the expression of long face syndrome characteristics.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Prittinen
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000002:abnormalities*; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D013577:Syndrome; D014716:Vertical Dimension