title: ACE, MTHFR, factor V Leiden, and APOE polymorphisms in patients with vascular and Alzheimer's dementia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is a growing interest in the use of genetic markers in the differential diagnosis of dementia. In the current study we examined the usefulness of genetic risk factors for vascular disease as markers for vascular dementia (VD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The groups included 41 patients with VD, 49 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type, and 40 age-matched control subjects without dementia. These patients were genotyped for vascular disease-associated polymorphisms in the genes coding for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), factor V Leiden (FVL), and a common genetic risk factor for AD, apolipoprotein E epsilon4 (APOE epsilon4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant association between ACE, MTHFR, and FVL genotypes with VD whether compared with subjects with AD or with control subjects. There was a higher frequency of APOE epsilon4 alleles in patients with AD (30%, P=0.016) and VD (26%, P=0.07) compared with control subjects (15%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VD is not associated with the genetic risk factors for vascular disease examined in this study, indicating that the pathogenesis of VD may differ from other vascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Treves
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Korczyn
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Bornstein
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000235:genetics*; D005165:Factor V / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; C095381:factor V Leiden; D005165:Factor V; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A