title: Diagnosis and monitoring of cerebral hyperfusion after carotid endarterectomy with single photon emission computed tomography: case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Focal neurological deficits after carotid endarterectomy may result from ischemia or hyperperfusion. The usefulness of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for differentiating between these two mechanisms has not been previously emphasized.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 83-year-old man experienced dysarthria and left-sided weakness immediately after undergoing endarterectomy of the right internal carotid artery. The results of computed tomography of the head were normal, and transcranial Doppler sonography showed symmetrically elevated velocities in both middle cerebral arteries. On the 1st postoperative day, the patient's deficits worsened in parallel with spontaneous increases in blood pressure, and blood pressure reduction with labetalol resulted in clinical improvement.
  
  
  METHODS
  On the 2nd postoperative day, technetium-99-hexametazime SPECT demonstrated markedly increased flow in the right basal ganglia and inferior frontal cortex, confirming the diagnosis of cerebral hyperperfusion. The patient's deficits continued to improve with antihypertensive therapy, and SPECT performed 7 and 48 days after surgery showed gradual normalization of the focal hyperemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SPECT can be used to diagnose and monitor cerebral hyperperfusion after carotid endarterectomy and may be of particular value for differentiating hyperperfusion from ischemia when characteristic computed tomographic and transcranial Doppler sonographic findings are absent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Prestigiacomo
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Van Heertum
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Solomon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime