Cellular and anatomical reservoirs of HIV-1 in patients receiving potent antiretroviral combination therapy.
The eradication of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) from infected persons is the ultimate goal of HIV therapeutic interventions. Great strides have been made in developing potent antiretroviral regimens that greatly suppress HIV-1 replication. Despite these therapeutic advances, major obstacles remain to eradicating HIV-1. Reservoirs of HIV-1 have been identified that represent major impediments to eradication. Conceptually, there are 2 types of sanctuaries for HIV-1, cellular and anatomical. Cellular sanctuaries may include latent CD4+ T cells containing integrated HIV-1 provirus; macrophages, which may express HIV-1 for prolonged periods; and follicular dendritic cells, which may hold infectious HIV-1 on their surfaces for indeterminate lengths of time. The key anatomical reservoir for HIV-1 appears to be the central nervous system. An understanding of the nature of HIV within these reservoirs is critical to devising strategies to hasten viral eradication.
Schrager
L K
LK
Epidemiology Branch, Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. LS14M@nih.gov
D'Souza
M P
MP
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000821:virology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000821:virology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents