Gender and AIDS-related psychosocial processes: a study of perceived susceptibility, social distance, and homophobia.
Over the past decade, researchers have accumulated evidence that suggests six main factors are associated with AIDS-related risk reduction behavior: (a) perceived susceptibility (Dolcini et al., 1995; van der Plight & Richard, 1994); (b) attitudes toward condoms (Catania et al., 1994; Maticka-Tynadale, 1991); (c) personally knowing someone with HIV/AIDS (Joseph et al., 1987); (d) perceived peer norms about risk-reduction (Maticka-Tyndale, 1991); (e) previous sexual activity (Joseph et al., 1987); and (f) self-efficacy (Aspinwall, Kemeny, Taylor, & Schneider, 1991; van der Plight & Richard, 1994). Furthermore, there is some suggestion that the epidemiology and sociocultural constructions of the disease has led to considerable gender, racial, and class differences in awareness of AIDS, perception of HIV threat, and HIV-relevant behavior (Cohan & Atwood, 1994; Dolcini et al., 1995; Gillies, 1994).
Schieman
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Department of Sociology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124-2208, USA. schieman@umiami.ir.miami.edu
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006716:Homosexuality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011287:Prejudice; D012929:Psychological Distance; D012737:Sex Factors