title: Beneficial hemodynamic effects of nicorandil in a canine model of acute congestive heart failure: comparison with nitroglycerin and cromakalim.
abstract: Comparative hemodynamic effects of nicorandil (NCR), nitroglycerin (NTG) and cromakalim (CRM) were examined in a canine model of acute congestive heart failure (CHF). CHF was produced by injections of saponin into coronary arteries of anesthetized dogs followed by volume loading and continuous i.v. infusion of methoxamine. After the treatment, aortic blood flow (AoF), left ventricular dP/dt and myocardial segment shortening (SS) markedly decreased, while the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), the right atrial pressure (RAP) and the systemic vascular resistance (SVR) increased. NCR (n = 6), NTG (n = 6) and CRM (n = 8), which were administered i.v. after production of CHF, caused a comparable reduction in LVEDP. NCR and CRM profoundly increased AoF and SS but NTG did only slightly. On the other hand, NTG and NCR but not CRM significantly reduced RAP. Intracoronary NCR (n = 8) exerted no or similar effects on SS as well as systemic hemodynamic indices to those observed with i.v. NCR despite distinct coronary vasodilation. These results indicate that NCR may exert beneficial hemodynamic effects in an experimental CHF mainly due to lessening both afterload and preload rather than the coronary vasodilating effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ojiri
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakasone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakanashi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D019806:Cromakalim / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020108:Nicorandil; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012503:Saponins; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D012503:Saponins; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D019806:Cromakalim; D009536:Niacinamide; D020108:Nicorandil; D005996:Nitroglycerin