title: Regulation of rhythmic melatonin production in pineal cells of chick embryo by cyclic AMP.
abstract: The pineal cells of chick embryos incubated in vitro exhibited a daily rhythm of melatonin synthesis under a 12:12 light:dark (LD) cycle at the embryonic days 16 and 19. In order to elucidate whether cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)--a component of the melatonin generating system--is already at work in the embryonic period, we measured the effects of forskolin and isobuthylmethylxantine (IBMX) on melatonin production, cAMP efflux and accumulation. Forskolin (after 10, 20, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min of administration) and IBMX (6 h), when applied during the light phase of LD cycle, stimulated melatonin production and cAMP efflux and accumulation during the embryonic period (at days 16 and 19 fo development). Our results suggest that the biochemical pathway involving cAMP, which controls melatonin production in the postnatal period, is developed before hatching and already on embryonic day 19 works in a way similar to that in post-hatched chicks. Differences in response to cAMP stimulation between 16- and 19-day-old pinealocytes seem to be mostly quantitative.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ivanka pri Dunaji, Slovakia. mackova@ubgz.savba.sk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macková
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lamosová
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeman
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology*; D008550:Melatonin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010870:Pineal Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D005576:Colforsin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D008550:Melatonin; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine