title: Nuclear factor 1 regulates the distal silencer of the human PIT1/GHF1 gene.
abstract: Here we report the characterization of 12 kb genomic DNA upstream of the human PIT1/GHF1 promoter. Different regions involved in the modulation of human PIT1/GHF1 gene expression were defined by transient transfection studies. Two regions, one proximal (-7.1/-2. 3) and one distal (-11.8/-10.9), presented an enhancer activity in pituitary cells when placed upstream of the SV40 promoter. The 0.9 kb distal region was analysed further and found to decrease the basal transcriptional activity of the human PIT1/GHF1 minimal promoter, indicating that this region behaves as a silencer for its own promoter. Three Pit-1/GHF-1-binding sites and two ubiquitous nuclear factor 1 (NF-1)-binding sites were identified by DNase I footprinting in the distal regulatory region. Deletion analysis indicated that NF-1 or NF-1-related protein(s) participate in the down-regulation of human PIT1/GHF1 gene expression by interacting with an NF-1-binding site within the distal regulatory region.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Department, Medical School, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rajas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delhase
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De La Hoya
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verdood
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Castrillo
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Hooghe-Peters
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D018983:DNA Footprinting; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D050817:Transcription Factor Pit-1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C494187:POU1F1 protein, human; C494186:Pou1f1 protein, rat; D050817:Transcription Factor Pit-1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1; C070856:YBX1 protein, human; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I