title: Hyperinsulinemia and carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive and control subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the relationships between carotid atherosclerosis measured as intima-media thickness (IMT) and different measures of insulin in a population-based case-control study of men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Carotid ultrasonographic measurements and 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests were performed in a random sample of 513 hypertensive subjects, aged 40-59 years, and in 518 age- and sex-matched control subjects. The associations between IMT and the different measures of insulin were analyzed through multiple regression and by insulin quintiles. The independent effect of insulin was estimated after concurrent adjustment for age, obesity, LDL cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most powerful correlates with IMT were LDL cholesterol, age, systolic blood pressure, pack-years of smoking, and of the different insulin parameters, 2-h post-load insulin. In stepwise regression analysis, the independent predictors of the mean IMT were LDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, pack-years of smoking, and age (P < 0.0001) after adjustment for the independent predictors. In analysis of variance, no positive association of insulin parameters with IMT was found between the 2-h insulin quintiles after adjustment for the independent variables. The exclusion of diabetic subjects did not change the results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study of a population-based sample of men and women found inconsistent associations between different insulin measures and IMT after adjustment for the independent variables.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Rantala
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Päivänsalo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kauma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lilja
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Savolainen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reunanen
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Kesäniemi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001824:Body Constitution; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003971:Diastole; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D013599:Systole; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin