title: Intraluminal ultrasound imaging of the fallopian tube wall: results of standardized in vitro investigations of pig and human tubal specimens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate to what extent anatomic structures of the tubal wall can be identified reproducibly and whether altered areas can be detected and delimited by intraluminal ultrasound.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized in vitro experiment with descriptive evaluation of findings, comparative analysis of apparative and morphologic data, and determination of interobserver variability (video documentation, blinded reviewer).
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Germany. SPECIMEN(S): Seventy-two human and pig fallopian tubes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Catheterization with a 2.9F or 3.2F ultrasound catheter and sonographic depiction of the fallopian tube, with either simultaneous manual and sonographic wall-thickness measurement or coagulation of the tubal wall.
  
  
  METHODS
  A correlation coefficient of r = 0.76 for manual and sonographic tubal wall measurements and K = 0.88 (with 95% confidence interval of 0.74-1.0) for interobserver variability in recognizing coagulated areas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tubal wall anatomy and artificially altered (coagulated) areas were displayed reproducibly with intraluminal ultrasound, thus giving a characteristic, recognizable pattern of the tubal wall.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These in vitro experiments provide evidence that intraluminal ultrasound may expand the current diagnostic possibilities in cases of tubal pathology, providing nonsurgical access to the tubal wall.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rimbach
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wallwiener
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bekeredjian
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hardt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bastert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D015588:Observer Variation; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine; D014463:Ultrasonography