title: Effective dose of granisetron for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
abstract: This study was undertaken to determine the minimum effective dose of granisetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonist, for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in female patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 120 women were assigned to receive either placebo (saline) or granisetron at three different doses (20 micrograms kg-1, 40 micrograms kg-1 or 80 micrograms kg-1) intravenously immediately before the induction of anaesthesia. All patients received standardized anaesthesia consisting of isoflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. The incidence of PONV during the first 24 hours after anaesthesia was 43, 40, 13 and 13% after administration of placebo and granisetron 20 micrograms kg-1, 40 micrograms kg-1 and 80 micrograms kg-1, respectively (P < 0.05, overall Fisher's exact probability test). Adverse effects post-operatively were not different among the groups. In conclusion, granisetron 40 micrograms kg-1 is the minimum effective dose in the prevention of PONV after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Tsukuba Institute of Clinical Medicine, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toyooka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D017829:Granisetron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010919:Placebos; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011292:Premedication; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000932:Antiemetics; D017829:Granisetron; D007530:Isoflurane; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D010100:Oxygen; D010919:Placebos; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists