title: Surgical management of empyema.
abstract: The cause and presentation of empyema thoraces has changed little since it was first described. The natural history of the disease can be divided into different stages. Different therapeutic measures, medical and surgical, are available for the treatment at various stages. The management of empyema is discussed, emphasizing the surgical aspects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katariya
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Thurer
mesh_terms: D016724:Empyema, Pleural / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D012086:Reoperation; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013907:Thoracostomy; D013908:Thoracotomy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed