title: Efficacy of NS-718, a novel lipid nanosphere-encapsulated amphotericin B, against Cryptococcus neoformans.
abstract: In vitro and in vivo efficacies of NS-718, a lipid nanosphere-encapsulated amphotericin B (AMPH-B), have been studied. Of the tested AMPH-B formulations, NS-718 had the lowest MIC for Cryptococcus neoformans. In a murine model, low-dose therapy (0.8 mg/kg of body weight) with NS-718 showed higher efficacy than that with AmBisome. High-dose therapy (2.0 mg/kg) with NS-718 was much more effective than those with Fungizone and AmBisome. In mice treated with a high dose of NS-718, only a few yeast cells had grown in lung by 7 days after inoculation. A pharmacokinetic study showed higher concentrations of AMPH-B in lung following administration of NS-718 than after administration of AmBisome. Our results indicated that NS-718, a new AMPH-B formulation, is a promising antifungal agent for treatment of pulmonary cryptococcosis and could be the most effective antifungal agent against C. neoformans infections.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maesaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kakeya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagihara
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirakata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomono
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B