The pathogenesis of viral-induced diabetes.
Serologic case-control studies have suggested an association between coxsasckie group B viruses and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). New investigations have identified enteroviral nucleic acid in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of newly-diagnosed patients with IDDM. The disease pathogenesis is dependent on several factors. including the genetics of the host, strain of virus, activation status of autoreactive T-cells, upregulation of pancreatic MHC-1 antigens, molecular mimicry between viral and beta cell epitopes and direct islet cell destruction by viral cytolysis. Epitopes (IDDM-E1 and E2) on glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) are the most common targets for antibody and cellular-mediated autoimmune beta cell destruction.
See
D M
DM
UC Irvine Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Orange, CA 92668, USA. dmsee@uci.edu
Tilles
J G
JG
D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans
D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase