title: Diagnosis and treatment of malignant lymphoma of the parotid gland.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To correlate the imaging and pathological features and to discuss therapeutic modalities and the prognosis of malignant lymphoma originating in the parotid gland, which is relatively rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were five patients with malignant lymphoma originating in the parotid gland. Three and two patients were stage I and stage II, respectively. CT examination was applied to all, whereas only one case was examined by MRI. All were treated with radiotherapy following surgery or chemotherapy. Three patients underwent combination chemotherapy, such as with MACOP-P or VEPA, following surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although malignant lymphoma originating in the parotid gland is histologically described as low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, two and one of the cases were classified as intermediate and high grade in the present series, respectively. These three exhibited a tendency for infiltration into the adjacent tissue and tumor inhomogeneity in the imaging findings, suggesting a correlation with histologically intermediate or high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It was successfully controlled by radiotherapy, with dosages ranging from 40 to 44 Gy. The patients were followed for 2-8 years. No relapse was found in the three patients with stage I. However, both stage II patients had relapses and were subjected to additional radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. Since then, no tumor relapse has been noted at either this or other sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Malignant lymphoma including intermediate or high grade originating in the parotid gland indicated satisfactory prognosis following radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hirokawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hareyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akiba
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oouchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamakawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagakura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koito
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harabuchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kataura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hinoda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D010307:Parotid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011239:Prednisolone; D002955:Leucovorin; D011241:Prednisone; D008727:Methotrexate