title: Effect of grapefruit juice on pharmacokinetics of itraconazole in healthy subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of grapefruit juice on the disposition of oral administered itraconazole in healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two healthy male subjects received a single 100 mg dose of itraconazole with either 350 ml grapefruit juice, orange juice or mineral water. Plasma concentrations of itraconazole were measured by HPLC, and pharmacokinetic parameters; Cmax, Tmax, T1/2, AUC, and AUC corrected by human body surface area: AUC/S, were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Grapefruit juice had no effect on any pharmacokinetic parameter of itraconazole. However, T1/2, AUC, or AUC/S were significantly decreased in orange juice treatment group compared to those in mineral water group (average decrease 56%, p < 0.01, 41%, p < 0.05, and 43%, p < 0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coadministration of grapefruit juice did not affect any pharmacokinetic parameter of itraconazole while that of orange juice decreased the parameters of T1/2, AUC, and AUC/S of the drug.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine I, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hidaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001628:Beverages; D002957:Citrus; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole