[Factors associated with an atherogenic lipid profile in premenopausal women without clinical cardiovascular disease].
BACKGROUND
To investigate different factors associated to a non desirable lipid profile in premenopausal women without cardiovascular disease. To determine the independent factors of lipid profile as a whole of the sample, for planning preventive studies.


METHODS
We study (March 1994 to June 1996) premenopausal women with alcohol consumption less than 14 g/day and normal serum level of glucose. Group I: women with a non desirable lipid profile (total cholesterol [TCH, mg/dl]/high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C, mg/dl] > or = 5). Group II: with a desirable lipid profile (TCH/HDL-C < 5). The following factors were analyzed: age, body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (W/H), systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg), fasting plasma insulin (fpI, microU/ml), cigarette smoke (CS) and presence of parents with history of non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or hypertension.


METHODS
Mann-Whitney and Student statistics. Contingency-table analysis (chi 2 statistic). Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression.


RESULTS
We analyzed 126 women (age = 30 +/- 8.2; 95% CI, 29-32; TCH = 197 +/- 36; 95% CI, 190-203 mg/dl), with 20 women (group I) and 106 (group II). Women from group I had higher values of W/H (0.83 +/- 0.04 vs 0.78 +/- 0.06; p < 0.001), BMI (29.9 +/- 9 vs 24.6 +/- 4.9; p < 0.03), fpI (12.9 +/- 10.4 vs 7.8 +/- 3.5; p < 0.05), SBP (125.9 vs 117; p < 0.02), as well as higher percentage of smokers (75 vs 40%; p < 0.01) and parents with NIDDM (60 vs 26%; p < 0.01) or hypertension (60 vs 49%; NS). No differences of age were detected (32 +/- 7.3 vs 30 +/- 8.3; NS). BMI (0.32; p < 0.01), W/H (0.50; p < 0.01), SBP (0.27; p < 0.01) and fpI (0.33; p < 0.01) were positively correlated with TCH/HDL-C ratio (n = 126). In multiple regression analysis (n = 126), W/H (regression coefficient = 6.1; 95% CI, 3.1-9.1), fpI (regression coefficient = 0.045; 95% CI, 0.018-0.072) and CS (regression coefficient = 0.5; 95% CI, 0.336-0.667) were the only independent predictors (p < 0.01) of the TCH/HDL-C ratio, controlling a 46% of the variance (R2 = 0.46).


CONCLUSIONS
Our data indicates that central obesity, hyperinsulinemia and cigarette smoke are independently associated to a high risk cardiovascular lipid profile in premenopausal women without cardiovascular disease. This study suggests the importance of these factors in the management of early lipid control in these women.
Guerrero Igea
F J
FJ
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Riotinto, Minas de Riotinto, Huelva.
Lepe Jiménez
J A
JA
Palomo Gil
S
S
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
Factores asociados a un perfil lipídico aterógeno en mujeres premenopáusicas sin enfermedad cardiovascular clínica.