title: Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome: a review of diagnosis and management.
abstract: Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet (HELLP) syndrome is a form of severe preeclampsia that threatens the gravida and her fetus. In this report, the diagnostic criteria and maternal and fetal risks of HELLP are defined. Prompt recognition and treatment in tertiary centers is emphasized, because the prognosis can be adversely affected by delayed or less than optimal diagnosis and treatment. Management guidelines are offered for treating this disorder. The potential roles of corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, and expectant management are critically evaluated. Subsequent pregnancy outcome, contraception, and preventative strategies are considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Saphier
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Repke
mesh_terms: D003267:Contraception; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D017359:HELLP Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011379:Prognosis