title: Envenomation of mice by Thai cobra (Naja kaouthia) venom: tolerable venom concentration and exposure time.
abstract: Naja kaouthia venom appeared in circulation rapidly after intramuscular injection into mice. The venom concentration attained a maximum level with all doses examined after 20 min. The half value of the maximum level was obtained 1 min after injection when a dose of 4LD50 was used. A critical venom concentration endangering mice was assessed from venom concentration in the sera of mice envenomed with sublethal dose (LD50). A fatal condition was produced within 30 min at a venom concentration of 200-300 ng/ml or within 50 min at a venom concentration of 100-150 ng/ml.
authors.affiliation: Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pakmanee
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Khow
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kumsap
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omori-Satoh
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chanhome
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sriprapat
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sitprija
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000997:Antivenins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D051379:Mice; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012909:Snake Bites / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000997:Antivenins; D004546:Elapid Venoms