title: Oxidised mannan antigen conjugates preferentially stimulate T1 type immune responses.
abstract: It is desirable to be able to produce either T1 or T2 responses and we have found that, in mice, mannose--coupled antigens stimulated T2 type responses antibodies and CTLs, whereas if oxidized, mannose--coupled antigens stimulated T1 responses little antibody and a potent CTL response. In addition, the cytokine profiles support the T1rT2 differentiation with these immunizations, in that oxidized mannan antigen gives IFNg, IL-2 and IL-12 production, whereas in the absence of oxidization, IL-4 and not the other cytokines is produced. A number of antigens have been examined--particularly Mucin 1 and the delivery method using mannose may be applicable to the other antigens.
authors.affiliation: Austin Research Institute, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia. ifc_mckenzie@muwayf.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Apostolopoulos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.forename: P X
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lofthouse
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Osinski
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Popovski
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Acres
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pietersz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006183:H-2 Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D009077:Mucins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D016207:Cytokines; D006183:H-2 Antigens; D008351:Mannans; D009077:Mucins; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate