title: An initial trial of a prototype telepathology system featuring static imaging with discrete control of the remote microscope.
abstract: Routine diagnosis of pathology images transmitted over telecommunications lines remains an elusive goal. Part of the resistance stems from the difficulty of enabling image selection by the remote pathologist. To address this problem, a telepathology microscope system (TelePath, TeleMedicine Solutions, Birmingham, Ala) that has features associated with static and dynamic imaging systems was constructed. Features of the system include near real time image transmission, provision of a tiled overview image, free choice of any fields at any desired optical magnification, and automated tracking of the pathologist's image selection. All commands and images are discrete, avoiding many inherent problems of full motion video and continuous remote control. A set of 64 slides was reviewed by 3 pathologists in a simulated frozen section environment. Each pathologist provided diagnoses for all 64 slides, as well as qualitative information about the system. Thirty-one of 192 diagnoses disagreed with the reference diagnosis that had been reached before the trial began. Qf the 31, 13 were deferrals and 12 were diagnoses of cases that had a deferral as the reference diagnosis. In 6 cases, the diagnosis disagreed with the reference diagnosis yielding an overall accuracy of 96.9%. Confidence levels in the diagnoses were high. This trial suggests that this system provides high-quality anatomic pathology services, including intraoperative diagnoses, over telecommunications lines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35233, USA.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Winokur
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McClellan
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Siegal
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Listinsky
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Conner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grimes
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vaughn
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McDonald
mesh_terms: D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008853:Microscopy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019114:Remote Consultation / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012371:Robotics; D019113:Telepathology / Q000379:methods*