title: A comparative study of pre-operative procedures to assess cervical invasion by endometrial carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the accuracy of different diagnostic procedures currently used to assess cervical involvement in endometrial carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four patients with endometrial carcinoma were evaluated pre-operatively for cervical involvement by six different diagnostic procedures: cervical cytology, endocervical curettage, transvaginal ultrasonography, hysteroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, and serum levels of CA125. The number of positive and negative diagnoses of cervical invasion by each of these procedures were correlated with the actual invasion determined by histological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cervical invasion was confirmed in 12 (18.8%). Endocervical curettage showed high sensitivity (91%), the highest negative predictive value (96%), and the lowest negative likelihood ratio (0.14). Hysteroscopy showed high positive likelihood ratio (8.2) and low negative likelihood ratio (0.20). Magnetic resonance imaging showed the highest positive predictive value (75%) and the highest positive likelihood ratio (12.5). Magnetic resonance imaging was excellent for predicting stromal invasion, whereas hysteroscopy was superior for assessing mucosal involvement to magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endocervical curettage is a good test for excluding cervical involvement by endometrial carcinoma. Hysteroscopy is a good test in making both positive and negative diagnoses for cervical involvement. Magnetic resonance imaging is an excellent test for detecting cervical involvement, especially when the stroma is invaded.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oguchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D004107:Dilatation and Curettage; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D018394:CA-125 Antigen