title: Advances in the treatment of fibromyalgia: current status and future directions.
abstract: Despite significant efforts devoted to understanding the etiopathogenesis of fibromyalgia, its treatment still presents a challenge to practicing clinicians, who must recognize the disorder and quantify the different symptoms in order to treat it. This article discusses recent research to identify sensitive and reliable measures for determining response to treatment among patients with FM, and the elements of therapeutic programs (pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic) for patients with FM along with the empirical or theoretical basis for their use. Future directions, including the need for systematic, controlled outcome studies of therapies and evaluation of variables which may mediate the effects of treatment, as well as demonstration that the effects produced in outcome studies generalize to settings beyond those in which the studies are initially conducted, are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology and the Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA. graciela.alacron@ccc.uab.edu
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Alarcón
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bradley
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011613:Psychotherapy; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000777:Anesthetics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs