title: Somatically acquired genetic alterations in flat colorectal neoplasias.
abstract: Somatically acquired mutations in several genes have been reported as playing an important role during colorectal tumorigenesis. Two alternative groups of carcinomas, termed LOH+ and RER+, have been defined on the basis of their genetic anomalies, a biallelic inactivation of the APC or the TGF-betaRII genes, occurring as an alternative, in LOH+ or RER+ tumors. It is a generally accepted hypothesis that most of colorectal cancers (CRC) develop from a pre-existing adenomatous polyp. Such benign lesions are usually exophytic polyps, a small proportion of adenomas having been described as flat lesions. The latter histological category has thus been proposed to bear specific genetic alterations. In order to examine this hypothesis, we have characterized a series of 44 flat colorectal neoplasias for their RER status and for somatic APC, KRAS and TGF-betaRII genes mutations. Flat colorectal neoplasias were found to be of the RER+ subtype in 22% of cases, all of them exhibiting a TGF-betaRII mutation. A mutation of the APC and KRAS genes has been found in 42% and 4% of tumors, respectively, none of these tumors being of the RER+ subtype. With the exception of a low KRAS mutation rate, flat adenomas appear to follow tumorigenesis pathways very similar to those identified in exophytic adenomas and carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U434, C.E.P.H., Paris, France. sylviane.olschwang@cephb.fr
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olschwang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Slezak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roze
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jaramillo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laurent-Puig
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D017491:Genes, APC; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II