title: The efficacy of Michel's dose and move system on gastrointestinal nematode infections in diary calves.
abstract: The efficacy of a move to aftermath in July combined with moxidectin or fenbendazole treatment for the control of parasitic gastroenteritis (PGE) in calves was evaluated in three field experiments in the Netherlands. In all five treated groups high gastrointestinal nematode infections and PGE were prevented by a dose and move in July. Cooperia infections increased to moderate levels in two groups treated with moxidectin and one group treated with fenbendazole. In both other groups and also for Ostertagia in these three groups, low to extremely low infections were acquired. In the first experiment high primary infections, resulting in high faecal egg counts and a moderate increase of blood pepsinogen values occurred before the dose and move. Nevertheless, these primary infections were not high enough to result in PGE. In both other experiments primary infection levels were low and faecal egg counts increased to 100-650 eggs/g faeces at the end of the grazing season. The blood pepsinogen values of non-treated control groups demonstrated that it took more than a month after their move to aftermath before substantial reinfection occurred on the new pasture. In the first and the last experiment only, high Ostertagia and Cooperia infections developed in the control group at the end of the grazing season, though it did not result in clinical PGE. The experiments demonstrate all theoretical risks of the dose and move system: (1) PGE early in the grazing season as a result of high overwintered pasture infectivity. (2) PGE just before the move as a result of an early midsummer increase in pasture infectivity. (3) PGE around housing as a result of insufficient suppression of pasture infectivity late in the grazing season. (4) Underexposure to nematode infections due to a high suppression of nematode infections. Nevertheless, it can be concluded that under normal conditions the dose and move system remains to be a valuable and easily applicable system for the control of PGE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Netherlands. m.eysker@vetmic.dgk.ruu.nl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eysker
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: van der Aar
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Boersema
authors.forename: P Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Dop
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Kooyman
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003612:Dairying; D004022:Dictyocaulus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005273:Fenbendazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D008174:Lung Diseases, Parasitic / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D018942:Macrolides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009426:Netherlands; D010028:Ostertagia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D010435:Pepsinogens / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D014251:Trichostrongyloidea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014887:Weather
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D018942:Macrolides; D010435:Pepsinogens; D005273:Fenbendazole; C027837:moxidectin