Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed in T cells mediates immunity against herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis.
A model of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection was developed in rats to study systemic immune responses elicited by intravitreous inoculation of the virus. HSV-1 inoculation led to distinct granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing memory T cells, which did not develop in rats inoculated with either HSV-1 intraperitoneally or inactivated HSV-1 intravitreously. On subsequent intraperitoneal viral boosting, systemic GM-CSF production was elicited as a secondary immune response that caused neutroeosinophilia. To examine the role of GM-CSF in anti-herpetic immunity, cytokine-producing and -nonproducing rats were intravitreously challenged with HSV-1, which causes lethal encephalitis. Only intravitreously primed rats were protected upon production of GM-CSF. Furthermore, pretreatment with recombinant GM-CSF protected unimmunized rats against the encephalitis. It is thus strongly suggested that the production of GM-CSF leads to anti-HSV-1 immunity against the transneuronal spread of challenged HSV-1 within the visual system.
Tsuboi
K
K
Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
Kimura
T
T
Sugiura
K
K
Hashimoto
I
I
Nishikawa
M
M
Uyama
M
M
Fujisawa
J I
JI
D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000276:immunology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D016849:Keratitis, Herpetic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011923:Rats, Nude; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014709:Vero Cells
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor