title: Early outcome of in situ femorotibial reconstruction among patients with diabetes alone versus diabetes and end-stage renal failure: analysis of 83 limbs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Both end-stage renal disease and diabetes have been demonstrated to have a negative effect on the outcome of infrainguinal arterial reconstruction, primarily because of increased perioperative morbidity and wound complications. This study was undertaken to determine whether the combination of these comorbid factors affects the outcome of distal arterial reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-three distal lower extremity arterial bypasses originating from the femoral artery and terminating at the peroneal, anterior, or posterior tibial artery were performed on 76 patients over a 5-year period at a tertiary care medical center. Autogenous greater saphenous vein was used as the bypass conduit in all instances. Combined inflow and composite vein procedures were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was one perioperative death, for a mortality rate of 1.2%. The diabetes mellitus (DM) plus end-stage renal disease (DM+ESRD) cohort displayed a significantly lower 1-year primary patency rate compared with the diabetes mellitus cohort, 53% versus 82% (p < 0.02). However, the limb salvage rate for the DM+ESRD and DM cohorts during the same time interval were not significantly different, 63% versus 84% (p < 0.06). The 52% 1-year survival rate for the DM+ESRD cohort was strikingly lower than the 90% 1-year survival rate for the DM cohort (p < 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the use of the optimal autogenous conduit, the combination of diabetes and end-stage renal disease can be expected to significantly decrease primary graft patency without affecting limb salvage. The greatest effect of these comorbid factors is on patient survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118-2393, USA.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Hakaim
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015897:Comorbidity; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000401:mortality; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation; D016909:Tibial Arteries / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome