title: Centrally mediated inhibition of local inflammation by ciliary neurotrophic factor.
abstract: Since ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) inhibits the production of TNF and activates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA), we investigated whether CNTF can produce antiinflammatory actions and whether it may act through a central mechanism, using the murine air pouch model of inflammation. In this model, inflammation is evaluated by measuring the induction of TNF and IL-6 as well as cell recruitment in the pouch fluid 24 h after carrageenan. Intracerebroventricular injection, but not intravenous or local injection of CNTF markedly inhibited inflammation. This was associated with high serum corticosterone levels, and antiinflammatory action was not observed in adrenalectomized mice, indicating that an intact HPAA is required. A CNTF receptor antagonist increased carrageenan inflammation, suggesting that endogenous CNTF might have a centrally mediated antiinflammatory role.
authors.affiliation: MarioNegri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meazza
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Marco
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fruscella
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gloaguen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Laufer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sironi
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sipe
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghezzi
mesh_terms: D000315:Adrenalectomy; D000388:Air; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000633:toxicity; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000737:chemistry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D020801:Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D020801:Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002351:Carrageenan; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D003345:Corticosterone