Localization of fractalkine and CX3CR1 mRNAs in rat brain: does fractalkine play a role in signaling from neuron to microglia?
Localization of the mRNAs for fractalkine, a CX3C chemokine, and for its receptor CX3CR1 was investigated in the rat brain. In situ hybridization study revealed that fractalkine mRNA was dominantly expressed in neuronal cells particularly in the olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, caudate putamen and nucleus accumbens. In vitro study using enriched neuronal or glial culture supported the dominant expression of fractalkine mRNA in neurons. On the other hand, CX3CR1 mRNA was dominantly expressed in glial cells throughout the whole brain. The in vitro study suggested the cells expressing CX3CR1 mRNA are microglia, not astrocytes or neurons. Fractalkine appears to function as a signal molecule from neuron to microglia.
Nishiyori
A
A
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
Minami
M
M
Ohtani
Y
Y
Takami
S
S
Yamamoto
J
J
Kawaguchi
N
N
Kume
T
T
Akaike
A
A
Satoh
M
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1; D020523:Chemokines, CX3C; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; C515538:CX3CL1 protein, human; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1; D020523:Chemokines, CX3C; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; C515539:Cx3cl1 protein, mouse; C515540:Cx3cl1 protein, rat; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D015728:Receptors, HIV