title: Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor attenuates inflammatory responses in septic patients with neutropenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine the effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) administration in septic patients with neutropenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty consecutive septic patients were administered rhG-CSF subcutaneously (2 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) for 5 days (group G). They were compared with 14 septic patients treated earlier without rhG-CSF (group N). All patients in both groups met the criteria of total leukocyte count (TLC) less than 5,000/mm3 and C-reactive protein (CRP) more than 10 mg/dL. Changes in TLC, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), CRP, respiratory index (RI), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, and Goris's Multiple Organ Failure (MOF) index were evaluated. In addition, nucleated cell count (NCC), differentiation in bone marrow aspiration, neutrophil phagocytic and bactericidal activity, serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 as inflammatory markers, and plasma concentration of leukocyte elastase (LE) as an indicator of the tissue injury were evaluated in group G.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group G, TLC, ANC, NCC, and neutrophil functions increased significantly, whereas CRP, IL-6, and IL-8 decreased reciprocally. There was no deterioration of LE and RI. Consequently, the APACHE II score and MOF index improved. In group N, however, CRP showed no change concomitant with the APACHE II score and MOF index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of rhG-CSF attenuates inflammatory responses without inducing tissue injury in septic patients with neutropenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traumatology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan. ishikawa@hp-emerg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimazu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D000078224:Lenograstim; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D015415:Biomarkers; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000078224:Lenograstim; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase