Molecular biology of the proteasome.
The proteasome is an unusually large multisubunit proteolytic complex, consisting of a central catalytic machine (equivalent to the 20S proteasome) and two terminal regulatory subcomplexes, termed PA700 or PA28, that are attached to both ends of the central portion in opposite orientations to form the enzymatically active proteasome. Totally about 40 subunits with sizes of 20-110 kDa are assembled to form two types of the proteasomal complexes with the same catalytic core and different regulatory modules. To date, cDNAs or genes encoding almost all subunits of human and the budding yeast proteasomes have been isolated by molecular-biological techniques. In this minireview, I summarize briefly available information on the structure-function relationships of the proteasome acting as a protein death machinery.
Tanaka
K
K
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Japan.
D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000737:chemistry*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000737:chemistry*; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism
D005656:Fungal Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C085834:PA700 proteasome activator; C085047:PSME1 protein, human; D011506:Proteins; D014452:Ubiquitins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; C061553:ATP dependent 26S protease; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases