title: Phospholipase A2 activities are decreased during early but increased during late phases of sepsis in rat heart.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Changes in the activities of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) in the rat heart during early hyperdynamic and late hypodynamic phases of sepsis were studied in an attempt to understand the pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction during sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Experiments were divided into three groups: control, early sepsis, and late sepsis. Early and late sepsis refers to those animals sacrificed at 9 and 18 h, respectively, after CLP. PLA2 activity was measured based on the rate of hydrolysis of 1-palmitoyl-2-[1-(14)C]-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that under physiological conditions, sPLA2 and cPLA2 activities were time and protein dependent. The optimal Ca2+ concentrations for sPLA2 and cPLA2 activities were 3 mM and 40 microM, respectively. During sepsis, sPLA2 activity was decreased by 25% (P < 0.01) during early phase while it was increased by 49% (P < 0.01) during late phase of sepsis. Similarly, cPLA2 activity was decreased by 23% (P < 0.01) during early sepsis while it was increased by 60% (P < 0.01) during late sepsis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since PLA2 functions to maintain cell membrane integrity and function, a biphasic change in sPLA2 and cPLA2 activities may contribute to the development of the two cardiodynamically distinct phases during the progression of sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri 63104, USA.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D018450:Disease Progression; D007239:Infections / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D002118:Calcium