title: Renal dysfunction from cadmium contamination of irrigation water: dose-response analysis in a Chinese population.
abstract: In a cadmium-contaminated area in China and a nearby non-contaminated area, 342 persons were selected for studies of a possible relationship between cadmium dose (i.e. total cadmium intake) and response in terms of renal dysfunction. An increase in urinary excretion of beta-2-microglobulin (UB2M), adjusted for age and sex, was used as an indicator of the response. A statistically significant relationship was found between measured cadmium concentrations in whole blood (range; < 3.5 to > 15 micrograms/l) and UB2M, and there was a statistically significant linear trend. Also, cadmium in urine (< 4 to > 16 micrograms/g creatinine) and UB2M displayed a statistically significant positive relationship when the total data set was analysed for males and females. The relationship between a dose index (obtained from calculated cumulative absorbed doses over a lifetime) and UB2M was statistically significant. The results of this first study on dose-response relationships in a Chinese population are similar to those observed in other populations.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Health and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nordberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000383:Agriculture; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D002104:Cadmium; D014867:Water