title: Identification of IL-16 as the lymphocyte chemotactic activity in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of histamine-challenged asthmatic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have previously demonstrated that the earliest lymphocyte chemotactic factors present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of subjects with atopic asthma after subsegmental antigen challenge are IL-16 and MIP-1alpha, of which IL-16 appears to contribute a majority of the chemotactic activity. Because IL-16 is released in vitro after histamine stimulation of CD8+ T cells and epithelial cells, we evaluated the potential role of histamine in the release of IL-16 into the airways of allergic asthmatics in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight allergic asthmatic subjects, six normal subjects, and six atopic nonasthmatic subjects were challenged with saline in the lingula and with serial concentrations of histamine (1 x 10(-7) to 5 x 10(-5) mol/L) in the right middle lobe followed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) 15 minutes and 6 hours later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The BALF from saline- and histamine-challenged lobes of normal subjects and atopic nonasthmatic subjects contained no significant lymphocyte chemoattractant activity. In six of the eight atopic asthmatic subjects, the histamine-challenged but not saline-challenged segment contained IL-16 chemotactic activity but no other identifiable lymphocyte chemoattractant activities at 6 hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-16 appears in the airways after histamine challenge and therefore could contribute to the earliest infiltration of CD4+ T cells and eosinophils observed after antigen challenge due to histamine release from mast cells.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Mass, USA.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Mashikian
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Tarpy
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Saukkonen
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Fine
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Cruikshank
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Center
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018925:Chemokines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006632:Histamine / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D019410:Interleukin-16 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018925:Chemokines; D019410:Interleukin-16; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D006632:Histamine