Risk factors for fractures in the elderly.
We report the results of a 5-year prospective cohort study of risk factors for fractures, including drinking fluoridated water, in a cohort of 3,216 men and women aged 65 years and older. We studied risk factors for hip fracture and fractures at other locations separately. We found a higher risk of hip fractures for subjects exposed to fluorine concentrations over 0.11 mg per liter but without a dose-effect relation (odds ratio (OR) = 3.25 for a concentration of 0.11-0.25 mg per liter; OR = 2.43 for > or = 0.25 mg per liter]. For higher thresholds (0.7 and 1 mg per liter), however, the OR was less than 1. We found no association between fluorine and non-hip fractures. Non-hip fractures were associated with polymedication rather than with specific drug use, whereas fracture was associated with polymedication and use of anxiolytic and antidepressive drugs. Subjects drinking spirits every day were more likely to have hip fractures. Tobacco consumption increased the risk for non-hip fractures.
Jacqmin-Gadda
H
H
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 330, Bordeaux, France.
Fourrier
A
A
Commenges
D
D
Dartigues
J F
JF
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005457:Fluoridation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005461:Fluorine / Q000009:adverse effects; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006306:Health Surveys; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D019338:Polypharmacy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology
D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D005461:Fluorine