title: [Diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux with echo-enhanced micturition urosonography].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To ascertain the diagnostic efficacy of reflux sonography with the application of the echo-enhancing agent Levovist in comparison with X-ray voiding cystourethrography (VCUG).
  
  
  METHODS
  Echo-enhanced voiding urosonography (VUS) and VCUG were performed successively in one examination session in 114 children referred for the investigation of possible vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). After sonography of the urinary tract the bladder was filled with normal saline and Levovist was administered. Reflux was diagnosed when hyperechogenic, floating microbubbles appeared in the ureters or renal pelvises.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 226 kidney-ureter units were available for analysis. Reflux was diagnosed in 80 units. All grades of reflux were represented. In 15 kidney-ureter units VUR was diagnosed with echo-enhanced VUS but was not seen at VCUG. The contrary was true in 3 units. High sensitivity and specificity in comparison to the VCUG could be attributed to the echo-enhanced VUS. The long imaging window attainable with Levovist makes the documentation of convincing images possible, contributing to the high diagnostic efficacy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Echo-enhanced VUS is comparable to VCUG in the diagnosis of reflux.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Pädiatrische Radiologie, Radiologische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Darge
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dütting
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zieger
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Möhring
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rohrschneider
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tröger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D014567:Urography; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D011134:Polysaccharides; C059891:SHU 508
vernacular_title: Diagnostik des vesikoureteralen Refluxes mit der echoverstärkten Miktionsurosonographie.