title: Antiherpesvirus activities of (1'S,2'R)-9-[[1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1'-yl]methyl]guanine (A-5021) in cell culture.
abstract: Antiherpetic activity of (1'S,2'R)-9-([1',2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1'yl]methyl)guanine (A-5021) was compared with those of acyclovir (ACV) and penciclovir (PCV) in cell cultures. In a plaque reduction assay using a selection of human cells, A-5021 showed the most potent activity in all cells. Against clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1, n = 5) and type 2 (HSV-2, n = 6), mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) for A-5021 were 0.013 and 0.15 microgram/ml, respectively, in MRC-5 cells. Corresponding IC50s for ACV were 0.22 and 0.30 microgram/ml, and those for PCV were 0.84 and 1.5 micrograms/ml, respectively. Against clinical isolates of varicella-zoster virus (VZV, n = 5), mean IC50s for A-5021, ACV, and PCV were 0.77, 5.2, and 14 micrograms/ml, respectively, in human embryonic lung (HEL) cells. A-5021 showed considerably more prolonged antiviral activity than ACV when infected cells were treated for a short time. The selectivity index, the ratio of 50% cytotoxic concentration to IC50, of A-5021 was superior to those of ACV and PCV for HSV-1 and almost comparable for HSV-2 and VZV. In a growth inhibition assay of murine granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells, A-5021 showed the least inhibitory effect of the three compounds. These results show that A-5021 is a potent and selective antiviral agent against HSV-1, HSV-2, and VZV.
authors.affiliation: Life Science Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Yokohama, Japan. II_iwayama@te3.ajinomoto.co.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwayama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohmura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okunishi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamanishi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C111645:9-((cis-1,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)cycloprop-1-yl)methyl)guanine; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006147:Guanine