title: Relation of cysteine conjugate nephrotoxicity to transport by the basolateral organic anion transport system in isolated S2 segments of rabbit proximal renal tubules.
abstract: We examined basolateral transport of the radiolabeled zwitterionic nephrotoxic cysteine S-conjugate, S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC), inhibition of such transport and the effects of inhibition of transport on the toxicity produced by DCVC in isolated S2 segments of rabbit proximal tubules. High concentrations of unlabeled DCVC itself and an unlabeled nontoxic cysteine S-conjugate, S-(2-benzothiazole)-L-cysteine cis-inhibited the basolateral uptake of radiolabeled DCVC by approximately 80 to 85%. High concentrations of para-aminohippurate, the prototype substrate for the basolateral organic anion transport system, and probenecid, a well-known inhibitor of basolateral organic anion transport, cis-inhibited the basolateral uptake of radiolabeled DCVC by approximately 70%, whereas a high concentration of L-phenylalanine had little effect. High concentrations of S-(2-benzothiazole)-L-cysteine and para-aminohippurate in the bathing medium with DCVC inhibited the loss of 86Rb (used as a K+ surrogate to measure toxicity) from S2 segments produced by DCVC alone to approximately the same extent as they inhibited uptake of DCVC. Under the same circumstances, probenecid completely inhibited 86Rb loss. These data indicate that in rabbit proximal renal S2 tubules basolateral entry of DCVC can occur to a major extent via the organic anion transport pathway and that inhibition of such entry can reduce toxicity to approximately the same extent that entry is reduced. They also suggest that probenecid provides additional protection from DCVC toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Dantzler
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Groves
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Welborn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: North
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D001692:Biological Transport; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011339:Probenecid / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes; C039961:S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)cysteine; D003545:Cysteine; D011339:Probenecid