title: Diagnosis and treatment of renal and ureteral calculi.
abstract: Nephrolithiasis affects about 0.2% of the US population annually with about 5% to 15% of the population suffering at some point in their lives. While 75% of all calculi are calcium based, the remainder are composed of uric acid, cystine, struvite, or are composed of more than one substance. A 1997 policy update by the American Urological Association recommends that stones lodged in the ureter that are not causing excruciating pain for the patient are best initially managed by observation.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knight
mesh_terms: D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012955:Societies, Medical; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*