title: Enterococcal endocarditis--a case treated with teicoplanin and amoxycillin.
abstract: The study aimed to determine the antibacterial therapy effective in the cure of endocarditis caused by Enterococcus faecalis resistant to clinically achievable levels of vancomycin. Isolation of the causative enterococcus had been achieved by direct inoculation of the resected valve into the culture medium in theatre. The patient was known to have had an aortic valve defect since childhood and had recently undergone splenectomy following trauma. Blood cultures were negative prior to valve replacement. A perivalvular abscess was noted at operation. In vitro minimal bactericidal results and serum activity were the basis of the postoperative choice of drugs. The minimal bactericidal level of teicoplanin was 250 micrograms/ml and that of amoxycillin 64 micrograms/ml. Neither is achievable with the advocated dosage. A combination of these two cell-wall-active agents successfully eliminated the infection. Acting at two different sites in the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, teicoplanin and amoxycillin were found to be bactericidal in vitro at the trough levels of the antibiotics in the serum. The patient recovered fully.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Universitas Hospital, Bloemfontein.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Botha
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Struwig
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hough
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chalkley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017334:Teicoplanin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D017334:Teicoplanin; D000658:Amoxicillin