title: Preparation and transplantation of photoreceptor sheets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Photoreceptor (PR) transplantation may be a treatment for blindness secondary to PR degeneration. We studied different technical aspects of PR-sheet preparation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Geographic variation in the thickness of the cat PR layer (from the outer segments to the outer plexiform layer) and inner retina (width of the remainder of the retina) was studied. PR sheets (cat and human) were prepared through gelatin embedding and subsequent vibratoming or excimer laser ablation. Cat PR sheets were evaluated after transplantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The thickness of the cat PR layer and inner retina varied in different regions. The superior central retina, including the area centralis, was thickest (PR layer: 115-123 microm, entire retina: 225-230 microm, in fixed tissue). The peripheral retina was approximately 40% thinner than the center. Fresh retina was approximately 7.9% thicker than the fixed retina. Both vibratomy and excimer laser ablation removed the inner retina, leaving a PR-layer sheet with good morphology. To produce good quality PR sheets with vibratomy, use of different gelatin concentrations (2% to 35%) at various stages of sheet preparation was crucial. To produce PR sheets of uniform thickness with excimer laser ablation, control of fluid on the retinal surface was critical. Twenty-four hours after PR transplantation surgery, donor PR cells were well oriented and in close contact with host retinal pigment epithelial cells. Gelatin supporting the transplant dissolved as early as 100 min after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We confirmed and expanded the work of previous investigators and showed that cat and human PR sheets can be manufactured using vibratomy or excimer laser ablation. This preparation provides a well oriented and organized PR cell layer after transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark 07103-2499, USA.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hersh
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Sugino
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zarbin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D005780:Gelatin; D006801:Humans; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D005780:Gelatin