title: IL-16 activates the SAPK signaling pathway in CD4+ macrophages.
abstract: IL-16 has been reported as a modulator of T cell activation and was shown to function as chemoattractant factor. The chemotactic activity of IL-16 depends on the expression of CD4 on the surface of target cells, but the intracellular signaling pathways are only now being deciphered. This report describes IL-16 as an additional activator of the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway in CD4+ macrophages. Treatment of these cells with recombinant expressed IL-16 leads to the phosphorylation of SEK-1, resulting in activation of the SAPKs p46 and p54. IL-16 stimulation also leads to the phosphorylation of c-Jun and p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), without inducing MAPK-family members ERK-1 and ERK-2. Interestingly, the IL-16-mediated activation of SAPKs and p38 MAPK in macrophages alone induces no detectable apoptotic cell death. These observations suggest specific regulatory functions of IL-16 distinct from the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1beta.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Molecular Biology, Hannover, Germany. krautwald@ita.fhg.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krautwald
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D019410:Interleukin-16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018411:Spodoptera; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D019410:Interleukin-16; D014443:Tyrosine; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; C482559:MAP2K4 protein, human; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases