title: Do shorter-acting neuromuscular blocking drugs or opioids associate with reduced intensive care unit or hospital lengths of stay after coronary artery bypass grafting? CABG Clinical Benchmarking Data Base Participants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors hypothesized that shorter-acting opioid and neuromuscular blocking drugs would be associated with reductions in duration of intubation, length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU) after tracheal extubation, or postoperative (exclusive of ICU) LOS, and that shorter durations of intubation would be associated with reduced ICU LOS after extubation and postoperative (exclusive of ICU) LOS.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-thousand ninety-four patients undergoing primary coronary artery bypass graft surgery at 40 academic health centers were studied. Multiple patient-related factors were included in multivariate models for hypothesis testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The duration of tracheal intubation, ICU LOS after extubation, and postoperative (exclusive of ICU) LOS all varied significantly by site. There was no difference between vecuronium and pancuronium in duration of intubation, ICU LOS after extubation, or postoperative (exclusive of ICU) LOS. Use of sufentanil rather than fentanyl was associated with a significant (P=0.045) reduction of 1.9 h (95% CI, 0.04 to 4.1 h) in duration of tracheal intubation but had no significant effect on ICU LOS after extubation, total ICU LOS, postoperative (exclusive of ICU) LOS, or total postoperative LOS. The authors' best model predicts a complex association between increasing duration of intubation and both ICU LOS after tracheal extubation and postoperative (exclusive of ICU) LOS, which was associated with an increase in those measures when duration of intubation exceeded 7.3 or 3 h, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The LOS measures varied considerably among the institutions. Use of shorter-acting opioid and neuromuscular blocking drugs had no association with ICU LOS after tracheal extubation or with postoperative (exclusive of ICU) LOS. Only when the duration of intubation exceeded threshold values was it associated with increased LOS measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1009, USA. jbutter@bgsm.edu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Butterworth
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Prielipp
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cerese
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Livingston
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Burnett
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D003363:Cost Control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; D011182:Postoperative Care; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents