title: Somatic complaints, psychologic distress, and treatment outcome in two groups of TMD patients, one previously subjected to whiplash injury.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare somatic complaints and psychologic distress in a group of whiplash patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and a group of patients with TMD only, and to assess the outcome after conservative TMD treatment consisting of counseling, muscle exercises, and a stabilization splint. Each group consisted of 16 patients (12 women and 4 men) with a mean age of 42 years. The duration of the symptoms was from 1 to 3 years. In addition to a functional clinical examination and a recording of headache frequency and intensity, the patients answered three questionnaires: a Somatic Complaints Questionnaire (SCQ); the trait portion of Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). The whiplash patients had higher scores than the TMD patients on the SCQ muscle score and on the following subscores of SCL-90-R: obsession, somatization, depression, and anger/hostility. The treatment outcome as assessed by the change of self-reported frequency of headache, number of tender muscles upon palpation, and change of values on a visual analogue scale for headache intensity showed that the whiplash patients obtained only a decrease in the proportion of tender muscles, while those in the TMD only group showed improvement on all treatment criteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Krogstad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jokstad
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Dahl
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Soboleva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003376:Counseling; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D017090:Occlusal Splints; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010555:Personality Inventory; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011594:Psychometrics; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012647:Self-Assessment; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D014911:Whiplash Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*