title: Work and chronic health effects among fishermen in Chioggia, Italy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether there is an association between deep-sea fishing and common chronic disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was cross-sectional, simultaneously considering groups of fishermen and non-fishermen. Information on life-style and work was collected by means of questionnaires, and clinical data were collected by specialists in: Internal Medicine (general clinical examination), Cardiology (ECG, measurement of arterial pressure), Pneumology (measurement of spirometric volumes), ENT (clinical examination of the ear, nose and throat, including audiometry), Ophthalmology (examination of lens). Beside the common statistical methods, the logistic stepwise regression analysis was used in order to find the risk factors of the diseases, and to correct the risk estimates for the confounding variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fisherman had prolonged hours of continuous work, which were found to be correlated with high cigarette and alcohol consumption. Significant associations were found between, on the one hand, work accidents, noise-induced hearing loss, solar keratosis, cataracts, obstructive bronchitis, rhino-sinusitis, otitis media with tympanic perforation, ECG alterations, and, on the other hand, various aspects of fisherman occupation, mainly fishing in high sea and work duration as fisherman.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deep-sea fishing is a stressful and risky work; a reduction in the number of years at sea with reduced exposure to noise, poor weather conditions and sun, and a lower consumption of cigarettes and alcohol might result in fewer skin, eye respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and injuries.
authors.affiliation: Division di Medicina Generale, Ospedale di Chioggia.
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Casson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zucchero
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boscolo Bariga
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Malusa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Veronese
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boscolo Rizzo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiereghin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boscolo Panzin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mancarella
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mastrangelo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005398:Fisheries; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009623:Noise, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D009790:Occupations; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors