title: Iron and the restless legs syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Using blinded procedures, determine the relation between serum ferritin levels and severity of subjective and objective symptoms of the restless legs syndrome (RLS) for a representative patient sample covering the entire adult age range.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patient records from the past 4 years were retrospectively reviewed to obtain data from all cases with RLS. All patients were included who had ferritin levels obtained at about the same time as a polysomnogram (PSG), met diagnostic criteria for RLS, and were not on iron or medications that would reduce the RLS symptoms at the time of the PSG.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sleep Disorders Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  27 (18 females, 9 males), aged 29-81 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Measurements included clinical ratings of RLS severity and PSG measures of sleep efficiency and periodic limb movements (PLMS) in sleep with and without arousal. Lower ferritin correlated significantly to greater RLS severity and decreased sleep efficiency. All but one patient with severe RLS had ferritin levels < or = 50 mcg/l. Patients with lower ferritin (< or = 50 mcg/l) also showed significantly more PLMS with arousal than did those with higher ferritin, but the PLMS/hour was not significantly related to ferritin. This last finding may be due to inclusion of two 'outliers' or because of severely disturbed sleep of the more severe RLS patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data are consistent with those from a prior unblinded study and suggest that RLS patients will have fewer symptoms if they have ferritin levels greater than 50 mcg/l.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Dept. of Psychology, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Earley
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000379:methods; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron