title: Byr4, a dosage-dependent regulator of cytokinesis in S. pombe, interacts with a possible small GTPase pathway including Spg1 and Cdc16.
abstract: Coordination between karyokinesis and cytokinesis in the cell division cycle is fundamental to a precise transmission of duplicated genome into dividing daughter cells. byr4, a previously isolated essential gene, affects the mitotic cell cycle and cytokinesis in S. pombe. Phenotypic analyses of the null alleles and the overexpression of byr4 suggest that byr4 is a dosage-dependent coordinator of karyokinesis and cytokinesis (Song et al., 1996). In this study, the functional mechanisms of byr4 were investigated using a byr4 mutant that exhibits byr4 overexpression phenotypes in thiamine deficient media. Genetic suppression analyses of this byr4 mutant with other cytokinesis regulatory genes in S. pombe, cdc16, cdc7, cdc15, cdc14, and plo1, show that byr4 overexpression phenotypes are suppressed by the overexpression of cdc16 and cdc7, but not by plo1, cdc14, and cdc15. Also, the basal expression of byr4 and cdc7 suppresses the temperature-sensitive cdc16 mutation. However, the basal expression of either byr4 or cdc16 does not suppress the temperature-sensitive cdc7 mutation. The results of these suppression tests suggest that byr4 genetically interacts with cdc16 and cdc7: byr4 functions at the same level with or downstream of cdc16 and upstream of cdc7. In the present study, we also show that Byr4 interacts with Cdc16 and Spg1 in the yeast two-hybrid assays. Recent reports suggest a possible small GTPase pathway to regulate the timing of cytokinesis where Cdc16 functions as a GAP (GTPase activating protein), Spg1 as a GTPase, and Cdc7 as a downstream effector. Combined genetic and two-hybrid analyses of this study strongly suggest that Byr4 directly interacts with this possible small GTPase pathway including Cdc16, Spg1, and Cdc7 to regulate cytokinesis in S. pombe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jwa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D018628:Gene Dosage; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013489:Suppression, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C100413:Byr4 protein, S pombe; C066503:CDC6 protein, S cerevisiae; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; C498281:cdc16 protein, S pombe; D011494:Protein Kinases; C489406:cdc7 protein, S pombe; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases