title: Is there an association between water baths during labor and the development of chorioamnionitis or endometritis?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to determine whether water baths during labor are associated with the development of chorioamnionitis or endometritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ten cases of chorioamnionitis or endometritis and 97 controls were identified among singleton term gestations from the University of California at San Francisco perinatal database. Medical record review and patient interviews provided information on membrane rupture, history of bathing during labor, and relaxation and pain relief perceived by patients who experienced water bathing during labor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistically significant association between water baths during labor and the occurrence of chorioamnionitis or endometritis (odds ratio 0.93 [95% confidence interval 0.53 to 1.63]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Water baths during labor are not associated with chorioamnionitis or endometritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, Medical Center, USA.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Croughan-Minihane
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kilpatrick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001494:Baths / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000209:etiology*; D004716:Endometritis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D010166:Palliative Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires