title: Severe hypercalcaemia and extensive osteolytic lesions in an adult patient with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
abstract: Hypercalcaemia is a rare feature of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in adults, particularly of the T cell type. We report on a 24-year-old patient with T-ALL, who presented with symptoms of hypercalcaemia (vomitus, acute renal failure), bone pain, extensive osteolytic lesions and normal white cell count without circulating blasts. An increased serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) concentration of 35 pg/ml was found; it remained elevated at 52 pg/ml four weeks later, after having achieved haematological remission. Serum concentrations of IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-2 were within the control range. The pathophysiology of hypercalcaemia in malignancy and possible mediators of bone resorption, in particular TNF-alpha, are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Antunovic
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marisavljevic
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kraguljac
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jelusic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000209:etiology*; D015459:Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha