title: The community reinforcement approach with homeless alcohol-dependent individuals.
abstract: Homeless alcohol-dependent individuals were randomly assigned to receive either a behavioral intervention (i.e., the Community Reinforcement Approach [CRA]) or the standard treatment (STD) at a large day shelter. Ninety-one men and 15 women participated. The majority of participants were White (64%), but both Hispanic (19%) and Native American (13%) individuals were represented as well. Overall, the decline in drinking levels from intake through follow-ups was significant. As predicted, CRA participants significantly outperformed STD group members on drinking measures across the 5 follow-ups, which ranged from 2 months to 1 year after intake. Both conditions showed marked improvement in employment and housing stability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, USA.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Meyers
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Delaney
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D003156:Community Mental Health Services; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000523:psychology*; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012944:Social Support; D013695:Temperance / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome