title: Differential effects of retinoic acid on uncoupling protein-1 and leptin gene expression.
abstract: All-trans-retinoic acid (RA), one of the active metabolites of vitamin A, can increase the expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) gene. To determine whether RA stimulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and modulates leptin gene expression in vivo, 6-month-old, vitamin-A sufficient, F344 x BN rats were administered a single dose of RA (7.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or the beta 3-adrenergic receptor (beta 3AR) specific agonist, CGP 12177 (0.75 mg/kg). Levels of UCP1 mRNA in BAT and leptin mRNA in perirenal white adipose tissue (WAT) were examined 5 h after treatment. mRNA levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were also examined in BAT and perirenal WAT. Administration of CGP 12177 caused the expected increase in UCP1 mRNA levels. RA treatment also significantly increased UCP1 mRNA levels but to a lesser extent than CGP 12177. In contrast, there was no acute effect of RA on whole body oxygen consumption, one measure of BAT thermogenesis. Both CGP 12177 and RA treatment decreased levels of leptin mRNA to a similar extent. RA treatment had no effect on mRNA levels of LPL in BAT or perirenal WAT. There were no changes in total DNA content, total protein content, or in the levels of beta-actin mRNA in either BAT or perirenal WAT upon administration of RA or CGP 12177. Thus, the acute effects of RA paralleled the effects of the beta 3AR specific agonist, CGP 12177, on UCP1 and leptin gene expression. This involvement of RA in positive regulation of UCP1 mRNA and negative regulation of leptin mRNA suggests a contrasting role for RA in energy homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida 32608-1197, USA.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Scarpace
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007473:Ion Channels; D020738:Leptin; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D020738:Leptin; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D011412:Propanolamines; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C000604373:Ucp1 protein, rat; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D014212:Tretinoin; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase; C033394:CGP 12177