title: Preoperative radiotherapy and surgery for endometrial carcinoma: prognostic significance of the sterilization of the specimen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We report a retrospective study on the analysis of the operative specimen after preoperative radiotherapy for FIGO (1971) stage I or II endometrial carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1976 to 1996, 221 patients were treated with external radiotherapy (XRT) and/or low-dose-rate brachytherapy (BT) followed by surgery (S). Patients with cervical involvement (89 patients) or with high-grade tumors (49 patients) received XRT and BT. Patients stage FIGO Ia (89 patients) or with low-grade tumors (57 patients) received BT alone. Surgery was performed 5 to 6 weeks after irradiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-up is 78 months (12-216). The 5-year survival was 90% for FIGO Ia, 80% for FIGO Ib, and 84% for FIGO II (p = 0.51). According to the differentiation, 5-year survival was 87% for grade 1, 84% for grade 2, 84% for grade 3 (p = 0.10). Grade 3 complications were registered in 2% (no grade 4). The tumors were sterilized in 37 patients (17%), sterilized but with dystrophic glands in 34 patients (16%), only modified and altered in 21 patients (9.5%), with viable cells in 56 patients (26%). After preoperative radiotherapy, 37/148 specimens were sterilized (25%), 14/74 after brachytherapy and surgery (19%), 23/74 after external radiotherapy-brachytherapy and surgery (31%). According to the response of the specimen, 5-year survival was 87% when the tumor was sterilized, 96% when altered glands were present, 85% when modified, and 76% if residual tumor with viable cells was identified (p = 0.043).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative radiotherapy followed by surgery is a safe and effective treatment of FIGO stage I or II endometrial carcinomas. BT with two uterine tubes seems to be of interest in the contribution of the treatment of the uterus to sterilize the specimen. The analysis of this new prognostic factor remains important to select a population with worst prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maingon
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arnould
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Magnin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Collin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belichard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fraisse
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barillot
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: d'Hombres
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bône-Lepinoy
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Padeano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Douvier
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cuisenier
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Horiot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001918:Brachytherapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies