title: Effect of garlic (Allium sativum) on blood lipids, blood sugar, fibrinogen and fibrinolytic activity in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: Thirty patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were administered garlic (study group) while another 30 patients received the placebo (control group). Various risk parameters were determined at 1.5 and 3 months of garlic administration. Garlic, administered in a daily dose of 2 x 2 capsules (each capsule containing ethyl acetate extract from 1 g peeled and crushed raw garlic), reduced significantly total serum cholesterol and triglycerides, and increased significantly HDL-cholesterol and fibrinolytic activity. There was no effect on the fibrinogen and glucose levels. In vitro effects of the garlic oil on platelet aggregation (PAg) and eicosanoid metabolism were examined; it inhibited PAg induced by several platelet agonists, and also platelet thromboxane formation. Two important paraffinic polysulphides - diallyl disulphide (DADS) and diallyl trisulphide (DATS) - derived from garlic and are usual constituents of garlic oil, showed antiplatelet activity, and also inhibited platelet thromboxane formation. In this respect DATS was more potent than DADS. The nature of inhibition of PAg by DATS was found to be reversible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, RNT Medical College, Udaipur, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bordia
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects*; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood*; D004220:Disulfides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000187:drug effects*; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005737:Garlic; D006801:Humans; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000498:Allyl Compounds; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004220:Disulfides; D007476:Ionophores; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D013440:Sulfides; D014280:Triglycerides; C042577:diallyl trisulfide; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D000001:Calcimycin; D013929:Thromboxane B2; C028009:diallyl disulfide; D005340:Fibrinogen; D003094:Collagen; D002784:Cholesterol