title: Survival of fresh human platelets in a rabbit model as traced by flow cytometry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the event of hemorrhage and blood loss, platelets play a vital role in the coagulation process. However, there are currently no acceptable protocols for long-term storage of platelets. As a first step toward testing the efficacy of stored platelets or platelet substitutes in vivo, a flow cytometric technique was developed to detect human platelets in rabbit blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human platelets were transfused to rabbits whose reticuloendothelial system was inhibited by the administration of ethyl palmitate. Because human and rabbit platelets display surface molecules with different epitopes, human platelets were selectively labeled with antibodies specific for glycoprotein IX (CD42a). As this antibody does not label rabbit platelets, it allows discrimination of human from rabbit platelets in samples of rabbit blood containing both types of platelets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival of human platelets in rabbits was monitored by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy in blood drawn at various times after the platelet transfusion. Fresh human platelets transfused to untreated control rabbits (n = 3) were removed from circulation within 10 minutes of the completion of the transfusion. Fresh platelets (1 day old) transfused to rabbits treated with ethyl palmitate (n = 5) survived for 24 hours with an average half-life of 8.6 hours. In contrast, 8-day-old platelets were cleared from the circulation sooner with an average half-life of 2.9 hours (n = 4).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report describes a rapid and efficient method of assessing the survival of human platelets in a rabbit model using flow cytometry. This technique will enable the monitoring in rabbits of human platelets prepared by various preservation protocols.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Hematology and Vascular Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Rothwell
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maglasang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krishnamurti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology*; D001793:Blood Preservation; D002470:Cell Survival; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008954:Models, Biological; D017713:Platelet Transfusion; D011817:Rabbits; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors