title: Microwave applications in neuromorphology and neurochemistry: safety precautions and techniques.
abstract: In science, the introduction of a new method is never easy, not even if it concerns the use of a simple microwave oven. Most scientists do not realize the numerous applications of microwave techniques. This paper gives a broad overview of the application of microwave techniques in neuromorphology and neurochemistry, starting with a historical overview ranging from the introduction of microwave techniques as a scientific method in the 1970s to present. Organizations and publication rules are highlighted in the next part. The effect of microwave irradiation is discussed in two sections relating to microwave effects on the whole organism and on the neuron. The main body of the paper discusses the application of microwave techniques in the fields of neuromorphology and neuropathology. The paper then presents aspects of microwave irradiation as applied to ELISA techniques. In addition, cell fusion and cell reproduction under microwave irradiation are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D004869:Equipment Safety / Q000266:history* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008872:Microwaves / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000266:history*; D009448:Neurochemistry / Q000266:history* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D009474:Neurons / Q000528:radiation effects*