title: Prenatal diagnosis of otocephaly using two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography.
abstract: We report a case of the prenatal diagnosis of a very rare anomaly, namely isolated otocephaly, using two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound at 24 weeks of gestation. Two-dimensional ultrasound revealed polyhydramnios, absence of a stomach shadow, hypotelorism and a proboscis-like mass. Three-dimensional ultrasound gave a precise demonstration of the striking craniofacial features of otocephaly including agnathia, synotia, microstomia and protuberance of the nose-mouth fusion. The use of three-dimensional ultrasound provided a whole view of the very rare lethal malformation in utero and contributed significantly to prenatal diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000029:Abortion, Legal; D000328:Adult; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005145:Face / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*