Slowed information processing in HIV-1 disease. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS).
This investigation examined the effects of HIV-1 infection on speeded complex cognitive processing in a group of HIV-negative (n = 666), HIV-positive symptomatic (n = 156), and HIV-positive asymptomatic (n = 623) participants while controlling for the effects of slowed motor functioning, peripheral neuropathy, and several other putative confounds. Stroop Interference and reaction-time tasks served as anchor procedures to assess cognitive processing. The present findings suggest that HIV-1 infection is capable of compromising CNS-mediated cognitive processes (speeded processing) infringing upon their efficacy in the symptomatic stages of the disease while sparing individuals in the asymptomatic stage. The detrimental effects observed on information-processing mechanisms associated with HIV infection persisted despite the use of procedures to control for peripheral nerve integrity and other potential confounds.
Llorente
A M
AM
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Miller
E N
EN
D'Elia
L F
LF
Selnes
O A
OA
Wesch
J
J
Becker
J T
JT
Satz
P
P
D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003118:Color Perception; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011340:Problem Solving; D011930:Reaction Time; D012660:Semantics