Multiple organ failure (MOF) after severe trauma--a sheep model.
OBJECTIVE
To perform a reproducible long-term (10 days) large animal model of multiple systems organ failure without necessity of a continuous stimulus.


METHODS
Adult female merino sheep submitted to a 5-day stimulation period followed by a 5-day observation period. Day 1: Hemorrhagic shock was combined with a traumatic surgical insult (reamed intramedullary femoral nailing), followed by serial administrations every 12 h for 5 days of a combination of endotoxin and zymosan activated plasma. Organ function was followed for 5 further days.


RESULTS
Cardiac index increased significantly during the study (day 1: 491 +/- 8 mm Hg; day 10: 427 +/- 20, p < 0.05). Liver function was impaired and bilirubin levels increased significantly (day 1: 2.9 +/- 0.3 micromol/l; day 10: 7.2 +/- 0.9; p < 0.05). Creatinine clearance decreased initially (day 1: 54 +/- 7 ml/min), increased to a peak on day 2 (104 +/- 27), and then deteriorated again (day 10: 53 +/- 18).


CONCLUSIONS
This new large animal model of trauma-induced MOF is reproducible and may be suitable for the study of new therapeutic approaches to therapy.
Pape
H C
HC
Department of Trauma Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Germany.
Grotz
M
M
Remmers
D
D
Dwenger
A
A
Vaske
R
R
Wisner
D
D
Tscherne
H
H
D000418:Albumins / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000009:adverse effects; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008099:Liver / Q000503:physiopathology; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012756:Sheep; D012769:Shock / Q000150:complications; D015054:Zymosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
D000418:Albumins; D004731:Endotoxins; D015054:Zymosan