[Investigation of a water-borne Salmonella ohio outbreak].
BACKGROUND
The genus Salmonella is one of the main causes of foodborne and waterborne illness worldwide. It is a major public health concern almost entirely due to S. enteritidis. However, outbreaks caused by Salmonella ohio are rare. We have not found any reference about salmonellosis by S. ohio whose origin was water of a drinking fountain.


METHODS
An epidemiological survey was carried out to investigate the origin of the outbreak, and information was sought on personal details, symptoms, contact with others who had ill as well as a history of eating. Fecal specimens and water samples were cultured for bacterial pathogens including Salmonella. Salmonella isolates obtained were characterized by stereotyping.


RESULTS
A total of 101 persons were exposed. 87 of these were interviewed, but only 59 of these were affected (attack rate: 67.8%), including 56 children and 3 adults. Syndrome was not severe, in general, persisting for a period of 2 days, in average. S. ohio was isolated from the water and from 2 of the 13 stool specimens analysed.


CONCLUSIONS
The outbreak was caused by consumption of water from a drinking fountain which was contaminated by S. ohio. This fountain had not a chlorination system. An outbreak due to S. ohio whose origin is the consumption of water from a drinking fountain is described for the first time in this paper. It can be concluded the importance of keeping a good epidemiological control system to investigate and prevent outbreaks. The control of drinking fountains is also important, to prevent its contamination.
Molinero
M E
ME
Laboratorio de Salud Pública, Delegación Territorial de Sanidad de Alava, Vitoria.
Fernández
I
I
García-Calabuig
M A
MA
Peiró
E
E
D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012423:Rural Health; D012475:Salmonella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply