Rational design of antitumor prostaglandins with high biological stability.
microolecular design can overcome the metabolic instability of Delta7-PGA1, while maintaining its antitumor potency. Saturation of the C(13)-C(14) double bond enhances the biological stability but decreases the antiproliferative activity. Configurational inversion of the isomerase-sensitive C(12) stereocenter from the natural S to the unnatural R geometry not only enhances biological stability but also significantly suppresses the growth of the tumor cells. The 12R derivatives markedly increase the induction of p21, a Cdk inhibitor, leading to sharp cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase at a dose level so low that at this dose Delta7-PGA1 methyl ester scarcely exerts an effect. These conspicuous biological properties lead to long-term suppression of tumor cell growth. The structure-stability relationship demonstrates that the stability of prostaglandins (PGs) is crucially controlled by the C(12) configuration and is unaffected by the geometry of the hydroxy-bearing C(15). The successful design of antitumor PGs resistant to enzymatic metabolism provides a new strategy applicable to creating a useful PG for cancer chemotherapy.
Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
M
M
Suzuki
T
T
Kiho
K
K
Tomokiyo
K
K
Furuta
S
S
Fukushima
Y
Y
Takeuchi
M
M
Nakanishi
R
R
Noyori
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015195:Drug Design; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004355:Drug Stability; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000097:blood / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; C493958:Cdkn1a protein, rat; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D011453:Prostaglandins