Oral keratinocytes derived from the peritonsillar mucosa express the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 without prior stimulation.
The aim of the present study is to examine the cytokine expression and corresponding receptor pattern of human oral mucosa-derived keratinocytes. The mRNA expression of these cytokines from isolated and purified cells was measured by a RT-PCR method, the protein production by ELISA, and the receptor expression was determined by FACS analysis. In freshly isolated oral keratinocytes, IL-1alpha, IL-1alpha receptor antagonist, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, and bFGF were detectable at the protein and mRNA level, whereas PDGF and TGF-alpha were found only at the mRNA level. There were no detectable signals for IL-2 and IL-4. The cytokine production at the protein level was independent from stimulation with PMA (phorbol myristate acetate). Unstimulated commercially available and primary isolated epidermal keratinocytes showed similar cytokine pattern except a lack of IL-6. FACS analysis revealed receptor expression on oral keratinocytes for IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, EGF, IFN-gamma, and PDGF. In addition, receptor mRNA for IL-8, TNF-alpha, FGF-2 and KGF could be detected, but not for IL-10. Our results show that human oral keratinocytes produce a cytokine panel comparable to epidermal keratinocytes. In contrast to the epidermis, IL-6 was produced by human oral keratinocytes constitutively without prior stimulation, which may indicate their active regulation role in the maintenance of the oral mucosa.
Formanek
M
M
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Vienna Medical School, Austria.
Knerer
B
B
Temmel
A
A
Thurnher
D
D
Millesi
W
W
Kornfehl
J
J
D002469:Cell Separation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D015847:Interleukin-4; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate