Structural analysis of leech galactocerebrosides using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and FAB mass spectrometry.
Cerebrosides were isolated from the leech species, Hirudo medicinalis, and purified to homogeneity by silicic acid chromatography, followed by preparative thin-layer chromatography. Their structure was determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods. 1D and 2D 1H NMR spectroscopy, DQF-COSY and HMQC indicated that the head group consists of a single galactose residue in the beta configuration. The galacto configuration was determined by the characteristic chemical shift, the spin-spin splitting and the multiplicity of the characteristic resonance of its equatorial H-4 proton, as well as by the splittings of the other ring protons. GC, GC-MS and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry studies indicated that C24:0 and C22:0 are the major saturated fatty acid species. Unsaturated fatty acids present were C25:2, C27:2, C27:3, C28:3, C29:3, C30:3, C33:3. GC-MS indicated the presence of hydroxylated C27:2 and one other unidentified hydroxylated fatty acid. The cerebroside contained an unusual polyunsaturated sphingosine analogue, namely 2-amino-1,3-dihydroxydocsatriene.
Zipser
B
B
Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA. zipser@psl.msu.edu
Bradford
J J
JJ
Hollingsworth
R I
RI
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D005699:Galactosylceramides / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007865:Leeches / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
D005699:Galactosylceramides; C002454:galactocerebroside