Lack of correlation between the reduction of sevoflurane MAC and the cerebellar cyclic GMP concentrations in mice treated with 7-nitroindazole.
BACKGROUND
Although inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has been reported to be antinociceptive and to reduce the threshold of general anesthesia, the mechanism of action is largely unknown. Specifically, the relation between the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC)-reducing effects of NOS inhibition and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentrations in the brain has not been defined. To further characterize the effects of NOS inhibition, the authors studied the relation between the MAC of sevoflurane and the cGMP concentration of the brain after acute and chronic treatment with a neuronally selective NOS inhibitor, 7-nitroindazole (7-NI).


METHODS
Sevoflurane MAC and cerebellar cGMP concentrations were determined in mice after acute intraperitoneal administration or after 1, 2, 3, and 4 days of gavage feeding of 7-NI. After acute or chronic treatment with 7-NI, the mice were separated into two groups. Sevoflurane MAC was measured by a tail-clamp method in the first group, and cerebellar cGMP concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the second group of the mice.


RESULTS
In mice, acute intraperitoneal administration of 7-NI dose dependently decreased sevoflurane MAC and cerebellar cGMP; and 4-day-long gavage feeding with 7-NI (500 mg/ kg, every 8 h) time dependently decreased cerebellar cGMP, but sevoflurane MAC was reduced only for the first 2 days and returned to its baseline after 3 days of 7-NI feeding.


CONCLUSIONS
Although an acute selective inhibition of neuronal NOS decreases sevoflurane MAC and cerebellar cGMP concentrations in mice, there was a dissociation between the two parameters during long-term neuronal NOS inhibition. There may be cGMP-independent compensatory mechanisms that mediate nociception when NOS is chronically inhibited.
Ichinose
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F
Department of Anesthesiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Ichihara Hospital, Chiba, Japan. ichinose@med.teikyo-u.ac.jp
Mi
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WD
Miyazaki
M
M
Onouchi
T
T
Goto
T
T
Morita
S
S
D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007191:Indazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051379:Mice; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077149:Sevoflurane
D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007191:Indazoles; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; C080122:7-nitroindazole