Psychoneuroendocrinology of depression. Growth hormone.
The release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary is regulated by hypothalamic peptides especially GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin, which in turn are controlled by classic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline, dopamine, and acetylcholine, as well as negative feedback from GH and insulin-like growth factor-1. There has been extensive investigation of this axis in patients with depression. The most consistently reported abnormality is in noradrenergic-mediated GH release, which probably occurs via GHRH containing neurones. ACh-induced GH release through the somatostatin system, GABA, and also GHRH-stimulated release are reported as abnormal by some researchers.
Dinan
T G
TG
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland.
D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003863:Depression / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000523:psychology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000378:metabolism*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000378:metabolism*
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone