The protective effect of Clostridium novyi type B alpha-toxoid against challenge with spores in guinea pigs.
Clostridium novyi (C. novyi) Type B alpha-toxin was purified from culture supernatant by column chromatography, and was inactivated by formalin. A purified alpha-toxoid vaccine was prepared by mixing it with an aluminum phosphate gel adjuvant. Guinea pigs immunized twice with 4 micrograms or more of alpha-toxin survived against challenge with C. novyi Type B spores. Anti-alpha-toxin (antitoxin) titer was measured by toxin neutralization test using Vero cells. All of the guinea pigs having antitoxin titers of 10 units (U) or more at challenge were survived. In another experiment, guinea pigs were immunized with crude alpha-toxoid vaccines prepared by inactivated culture supernatant or by adding broken bacterial cells to the former. In this experiment, 10 U of antitoxin titer was the border of survival or death after challenge. Guinea pigs with antitoxin titers of less than 5 U, 5 U and 10 U died at 2, 3 to 4 and 4 days, respectively, after challenge. These results suggest that C. novyi alpha-toxin was the main protective antigen against challenge exposure to spores in guinea pigs.
Division of Veterinary Microbiology, Kyoto Biken Laboratories, Japan.
K
K
Amimoto
O
O
Sasaki
M
M
Isogai
T
T
Kitajima
E
E
Oishi
N
N
Okada
H
H
Yasuhara
D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D003013:Clostridium / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D014709:Vero Cells
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; C075216:Clostridium novyi alpha-toxin