Inhibition by 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate of lipopolysaccharide- and interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide production through suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in RAW264 cells.
Although nitric oxide (NO) is an important biological mediator, excessive production in inflammation is thought to be a causative factor of cellular injury and cancer in the long term. In the present study the effects of 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), which has anticarcinogenic properties, on NO production in murine macrophage cell line RAW264 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or interferon-gamma were examined. ACA suppressed NO production dose dependently with an IC50 of 160 ng/ml (680 nM). The decrease in NO production was shown to parallel reduced expression of iNOS mRNA and protein. The influence of ACA on transcription factors, such as NF-kappaB, AP-1 and Stat1, which are involved in expression of the iNOS gene was assessed. ACA was found to suppress degradation of IkappaB, an NF-kappaB inhibitory factor, and consequently inhibit NF-kappaB activation. Activation of AP-1 and Stat1 was also blocked by ACA treatment. Thus we demonstrate that ACA exerts potent inhibitory effects on NO production, apparently mediated by modulation of activation of several transcription factors. This could contribute to the anticarcinogenic properties of ACA.
Cancer Prevention Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
T
T
Ohata
K
K
Fukuda
A
A
Murakami
H
H
Ohigashi
T
T
Sugimura
K
K
Wakabayashi
D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols; D002460:Cell Line; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013729:Terpenes; D014157:Transcription Factors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C047948:1'-acetoxychavicol acetate