Effects of lodoxamide, disodium cromoglycate and fluorometholone on tear leukotriene levels in vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
OBJECTIVE
We compared tear leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) levels of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) patients with those of age-matched controls and evaluated the effects of disodium cromoglycate (DCG) 2%, lodoxamide 0.1% and fluorometholone 0.1% on the tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels of the VKC patients.


METHODS
Thirty VKC patients were divided into three groups and their tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels measured with an enzyme-linked immunoassay technique before and after treatment with either lodoxamide 0.1%, DCG 2% or fluorometholone 0.1%. The results were compared with the tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels of 10 healthy control subjects. During this trial period, clinical scores for signs and symptoms of VKC were also evaluated.


RESULTS
In the VKC patients median tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels were 349.0 pg/ml (range 213.3-707.7 pg/ml) and 225.2 pg/ml (range 196.1-241.1 pg/ml) respectively--significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.0065 for LTB4 and p = 0.0003 for LTC4). After treatment, LTB4 levels decreased significantly in all treatment groups when compared with baseline (for the lodoxamide group, p = 0.01; for the DCG group, p = 0.008; for the fluorometholone group, p = 0.045). LTC4 levels were also significantly reduced after treatment in all three treatment groups (for the lodoxamide group, p = 0.0209; for the DCG group, p = 0.0284; for the fluorometholone group, p = 0.0109).


CONCLUSIONS
Tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels are significantly higher in VKC patients than controls, which points to a possible role of lipoxygenase pathway products in the pathophysiology of ocular allergic disorders. Lodoxamide 0.1%, DCG 2% and fluorometholone 0.1% were all effective in reducing LTB4 and LTC4 levels in VKC.
Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey. c066416@narwhal.cc.metu.edu.tr
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Akman
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Irkeç
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Orhan
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005469:Fluorometholone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D017997:Leukotriene C4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010072:Oxamic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism*
D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D017997:Leukotriene C4; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium; D010072:Oxamic Acid; D005469:Fluorometholone; C021702:lodoxamide ethyl