Plasma lipids and fatty acid synthase activity are regulated by short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides in sucrose-fed insulin-resistant rats.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic effects of a short-chain fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS)-containing diet on plasma lipids and the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in insulin-resistant rats. Normal male Sprague-Dawley rats, 5 wk old, were randomly assigned to two groups and fed either a sucrose-rich diet (S, 575 g sucrose /kg diet and 140 g lipids/kg diet) or a sucrose-rich diet supplemented with 10 g/100 g short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (S/FOS). A third reference group (R) was fed a standard nonpurified diet (g/kg, 575 g starch, 50 g fat). After 3 wk the sucrose-fed rats (compared with the R group) were characterized by the following: 1) higher insulin responses after a glucose challenge (P < 0.05); 2) heavier liver (P < 0.001) and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (P < 0.01); 3) hypertriglyceridemia (P < 0.0001) and higher plasma free fatty acids (P < 0.0001); and 4) higher fatty acid synthase activity in the liver but a low activity in the adipose tissue (P < 0.001). The addition of FOS to the diet resulted in 11% lower liver weight than in the S group (P < 0.05) and tended to result in lower adipose tissue weight (P < 0.11). Plasma triglycerides and plasma free fatty acids were lower in S/FOS- than in S-fed rats (P < 0.05). Chylomicrons + VLDL, and intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) concentrations did not differ between groups, nor was plasma cholesterol influenced by diet. Hepatic FAS activity was lower in S/FOS-fed rats than in the S-fed rats (P < 0.05). In adipose tissue, however, this activity tended to be greater in rats fed S/FOS than in rats fed the S diet (P < 0.07). In conclusion, in a rat model of diet-induced (57.5% sucrose and 14% lipids) insulin resistance, the addition of short-chain FOS prevented some lipid disorders, lowered fatty acid synthase activity in the liver and tended to raise this activity in the adipose tissue. Short-chain FOS, in addition to being a nondigestible sweetener with good bulking capacity, might be useful in the treatment of insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia.
Agheli
N
N
Department of Diabetes and INSERM U341, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, 75004 Paris, France.
Kabir
M
M
Berni-Canani
S
S
Petitjean
E
E
Boussairi
A
A
Luo
J
J
Bornet
F
F
Slama
G
G
Rizkalla
S W
SW
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000097:blood; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000097:blood*; D005632:Fructose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D014280:Triglycerides; D005632:Fructose; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases