The importance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1 alpha-hydroxylase gene in vitamin D-dependent rickets.
Vitamin D plays a role in a wide variety of biological events such as calcium homeostasis, bone formation and cellular differentiation. An active form of vitamin D acting as a ligand specific vitamin D receptor (VDR), 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3, is biosynthesized from cholesterol, and during this biosynthesis a renal 25-hydroxylation at the final stage by 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1 alpha-hydroxylase is critical. Recent studies isolated the cDNA encoding 1 alpha-hydroxylase from several species, and revealed that this enzyme belongs to a member of the cytochrome p450 enzyme superfamily, with highest homologies to the p450 hydroxylases for vitamin D derivatives. One of three kinds of hereditary rickets (vitamin D-dependent rickets type I) displays an autosomal recessive trait and clinical features consistent with a defect of 1 alpha-hydroxylase activity, and the genetic analysis of the type I patients identified missense mutations of the 1 alpha(OH)ase gene that results in a loss of this enzymatic activity.
Kato
S
S
Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Japan. uskato@hongo.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Yanagisawa
J
J
Murayama
A
A
Kitanaka
S
S
Takeyama
K
K
D015090:25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D005796:Genes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D012279:Rickets / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D014807:Vitamin D; D015090:25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase