The Schizosaccharomyces pombe S-phase checkpoint differentiates between different types of DNA damage.
We have identified an S-phase DNA damage checkpoint in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. This checkpoint is dependent on Rad3, the S. pombe homolog of the mammalian ATM/ATR checkpoint proteins, and Cds1. Cds1 had previously been believed to be involved only in the replication checkpoint. The requirement of Cds1 in the DNA damage checkpoint suggests that Cds1 may be a general target of S-phase checkpoints. Unlike other checkpoints, the S. pombe S-phase DNA damage checkpoint discriminates between different types of damage. UV-irradiation, which causes base modification that can be repaired during G1 and S-phase, invokes the checkpoint, while gamma-irradiation, which causes double-stranded breaks that cannot be repaired by a haploid cell if induced before replication, does not invoke the checkpoint. Because the same genes are required to respond to UV- and gamma-irradiation during G2, this discrimination may represent an active suppression of the gamma response during S-phase.
Rhind
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Departments of Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Russell
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D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2; D004249:DNA Damage; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005720:Gamma Rays; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D009154:Mutation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D016196:S Phase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D004271:DNA, Fungal; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2; C578636:Cds1 protein, S pombe; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C061897:Rad3 protein, S cerevisiae; D004265:DNA Helicases