Growth-hormone-receptor and cytokine-receptor-family signaling.
Structure of growth-hormone receptor and the class I type of cytokine receptors: common structural features; cytokine-receptor isoforms; oligomerization of receptor components initiates cytokine signalling. Role of the Jak kinases in mediating specific functions of growth-hormone receptor and cytokine receptors. Role of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) proteins in growth hormone and cytokine functions. Other pathways activated by cytokine receptors: the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway; insulin-receptor substrates 1 and 2 and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathways; the Src pathways and other tyrosine kinase pathways; the phospholipase C/protein kinase C/Ca2+ pathways. Regulation of growth-hormone receptor and cytokine receptor signaling: binding sites, internalization and ubiquitination; phosphatases and Janus kinase/Stat inhibitors. Conclusions and future prospects.
INSERM Unit 344, Faculté de Médecine Necker, Paris, France.
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Moutoussamy
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Kelly
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Finidori
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008954:Models, Biological; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D015534:Trans-Activators; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases