Work of breathing in anesthetized patients: laryngeal mask airway versus tracheal tube.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the work of breathing associated with the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and tracheal tube (TT) in spontaneously breathing anesthetized patients.


METHODS
Randomized, prospective, controlled trial.


METHODS
University teaching hospital.


METHODS
20 ASA physical status I and II patients scheduled for elective peripheral surgery with general anesthesia.


METHODS
A standardized anesthetic protocol was utilized, and patients were allowed to breathe spontaneously through a circle absorption system. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either LMA (n = 10) or TT (n = 10) for airway management. Work of breathing was determined after the patients' ventilatory status had been allowed to stabilize for 15 minutes and before the onset of the surgical stimulus. Airflow and esophageal pressures were measured using a pneumotachograph and an esophageal balloon, respectively, and the values were subsequently integrated to determine work of breathing.


RESULTS
The two groups were similar with respect to demographic characteristics and the end-tidal concentrations of carbon dioxide and isoflurane. Work of breathing per minute through the LMA (1.4+/-0.3 J/min) was significantly lower than that through the TT (1.9+/-0.4 J/min).


CONCLUSIONS
In healthy, anesthetized, spontaneously breathing patients, work of breathing is significantly lower through the LMA than the TT.
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9068, USA.
G P
GP
Joshi
S G
SG
Morrison
P F
PF
White
C J
CJ
Miciotto
C C
CC
Hsia
D000328:Adult; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014939:Work of Breathing / Q000187:drug effects*
D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation