Vitamin D3 requirement of young chicks receiving diets varying in calcium and available phosphorus.
1. Three battery experiments were conducted with broiler chicks during the 2nd and 3rd week of life. Graded amounts of cholecalciferol (D3) were added to maize-soyabean meal diets that were designed to be (a) severely deficient in available phosphorus (P), (b) marginally deficient in calcium (Ca) or (c) adequate in both available P and Ca. 2. With diets containing 1.0 g available P and 6.3 g Ca/kg (assay 1), graded doses of D3 between 0 and 37.5 mu/kg produced linear (P < 0.05) positive responses in both weight gain and tibia ash. With a D3 concentration of 1250 micrograms/kg, 250 times the requirement recommended by the NRC, bone ash was increased (P < 0.05) over that of birds fed 37.5 micrograms/kg, and neither weight gain nor food intake were reduced. 3. With a P-adequate diet (4.5 g available P/kg) containing 8.5 g Ca/kg (assay 2), weight gain and bone ash increased linearly (P < 0.05) upon supplementing the basal diet with 0, 2.5 and 5.0 micrograms D3/kg. Higher doses of D3 did not elicit further responses, and chicks fed on a diet containing 1250 micrograms D3/kg gained as fast and had bone ash values that did not differ from those of chicks receiving 5, 10, 20 or 40 micrograms D3/kg. 4. When the maize-soyabean meal basal diet was fortified with Ca and P to achieve adequate amounts of Ca (10.1 g/kg) and P (4.5 g available P/kg) in assay 3, dietary additions produced results similar to those obtained in assay 2 where P was adequate and Ca was slightly deficient. Again, chicks receiving a surfeit of D3 (1250 micrograms/kg) exhibited weight gains and bone ash values that were as great as those of chicks receiving 5, 10, 15 or 30 micrograms D3/kg. 5. It is apparent that young chicks have a high tolerance for excess D3, and chicks fed on diets that are severely deficient in available P continue to respond to D3 in excess of 37.5 micrograms/kg.
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois 61801, USA. d-bakerl@uiuc.edu
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Baker
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Biehl
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Emmert
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002645:Chickens; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D008297:Male; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary; D013045:Species Specificity
D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary; D002762:Cholecalciferol