Accumulation of strontium and fluoride in approximal dental plaque and changes in plaque microflora after rinsing with chlorhexidine-fluoride-strontium solution.
OBJECTIVE
To find out if strontium is incorporated into plaque and enamel in vivo during a 2-week rinsing period with a chlorhexidine-fluoride-strontium solution and to determine the effects of the rinsing on the numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in plaque.


METHODS
A total of 18 adult participants rinsed their mouths twice a day for 2 weeks, first with a placebo solution and subsequently, separated by a 1-week interval without rinsing, with a chlorhexidine gluconate (0.05%)-sodium fluoride (0.04%)-strontium (100 ppm as SrCl2) rinsing solution (CXFSr) for another 2 weeks.


RESULTS
After the CXFSr rinsing period the strontium and fluoride contents (microgram g-1 plaque dry weight; mean +/- sr) of approximal plaque were 32.5 +/- 4.7 and 72.8 +/- 9.0, compared with the respective contents of 8.4 +/- 1.2 and 42.0 +/- 4.8 after placebo rinsing (P = 0.0001 for both comparisons). The strontium content remained elevated for 6 weeks. The median proportion of mutans streptococci of approximal plaque of the total viable count of bacteria was 1% after placebo rinsing but decreased to 0.2% after CXFSr rinsing. The proportion of mutans streptococci remained low at 3 weeks (P = 0.018 vs placebo) but had reached the placebo level at 6 weeks. Rinsing with CXFSr solution did not reduce lactobacilli in plaque. The strontium or fluoride contents of the enamel surfaces subjected to tooth brushing did not significantly change.


CONCLUSIONS
Strontium and fluoride accumulated in dental plaque during a 2-week CXFSr rinsing period and the proportion of mutans streptococci in approximal plaque was reduced at least for 3 weeks after completion of the rinsing.
Spets-Happonen
S
S
Department of Oral and Dental Diseases, University of Kuopio, Finland.
Seppä
L
L
Korhonen
A
A
Alakuijala
P
P
D000328:Adult; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000378:metabolism; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D013324:Strontium / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D009067:Mouthwashes; D005459:Fluorides; D002710:Chlorhexidine; D013324:Strontium