Can we use erythrocytes for the study of the activity of the ubiquitous Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE-1) in essential hypertension?
Both Na+/Li+ countertransport and electrochemical proton gradient (delta mu(H+))-induced Na+ and H+ fluxes are increased in erythrocytes from patients with essential hypertension. It was assumed that these abnormalities are related to ubiquitous (housekeeping) forms of the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE-1). To examine this hypothesis, we compared kinetic and regulatory properties of erythrocyte Na+/Li+ countertransport and delta mu(H+)-induced Na+ and H+ fluxes with data obtained for cloned isoforms of the Na+/H+ exchanger. In human erythrocytes, Na+/Li+ countertransport exhibited a hyperbolic dependence on [Na+]0 with a K0.5 of approximately 30 to 40 mmol/L. The activity of this carrier was increased by two-fold in the fraction of erythrocytes enriched with the old cells, was inhibited by 0.1 mmol/L phloretin, and was insensitive to both 1 mmol/L amiloride and ATP depletion. In contrast, delta mu(H+)-induced 22Na influx was exponentially increased at [Na+]0 > 60 mmol/L, was insensitive to phloretin, was partly decreased by both 1 mmol/L amiloride and ATP depletion, and was the same in total erythrocytes and in the old cells. The values of Na+/Li+ countertransport and delta mu(H+)-induced Na+ influx in erythrocytes from different species were not correlating and their ratio in human, rat, and rabbit erythrocytes was 10:1:170 and 1:5:1 for Na+/ Li+ countertransport and delta mu(H+)-induced Na+ influx, respectively. In contrast to the majority of nonepithelial cells and cells transfected with an ubiquitous isoform of Na+/H+ exchanger, both delta mu(H+)-induced Na+ influx and Na+/Li+ countertransport in human erythrocytes were completely insensitive to ethylisopropyl amiloride (20 micromol/L) and cell shrinkage. Thus, our data strongly suggest that human erythrocyte Na+/Li+ countertransport and delta mu(H+)-induced Na+/H+ exchange are mediated by the distinct transporters. Moreover, because the properties of these erythrocyte transporters and NHE-1 are different, it complicates the use of erythrocytes for the identification of the mechanism for activating the ubiquitous form of Na+/H+ exchanger in primary hypertension.
Orlov
S N
SN
Laboratory of Biomembranes, Faculty of Biology, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia. orlovs@ere.umontreal.ca
Kuznetsov
S R
SR
Pokudin
N I
NI
Tremblay
J
J
Hamet
P
P
D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000584:Amiloride / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017920:Antiporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D048429:Cell Size / Q000502:physiology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004232:Diuretics / Q000494:pharmacology; D004905:Erythrocyte Aging / Q000502:physiology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012964:Sodium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity
D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D017920:Antiporters; D004232:Diuretics; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; C069139:growth factor-activatable Na-H exchanger NHE-1; C045885:sodium-lithium countertransporter; D000584:Amiloride; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D012964:Sodium; D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; C039614:ethylisopropylamiloride