Serum cytokines as predictors of clinical outcome in AIDS-related intestinal cryptosporidiosis.
BACKGROUND
Clinical variability in the natural course of cryptosporidiosis in patients affected by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has been correlated to the degree of T-cell immunosuppression; however, cryptosporidiosis can occur as a self-limiting disease even in patients with very low T-lymphocyte count.


OBJECTIVE
We tested the serum values of a panel of cytokines in AIDS patients with cryptosporidial enteritis in order to evaluate their role in predicting the clinical outcome of the disease.


METHODS
Thirty one HIV-positive patients with cryptosporidiosis and a CD4+ count of less than 100/mm3 were studied. Interleukin-2, Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10, Interferon-gamma, Interleukin-12, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha values were measured in serum at diagnosis.


RESULTS
Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-10 concentration was significantly lower in patients with mild disease whereas serum Interleukin-2 and -12 was higher in this same group. The serum level of Interferon-gamma did not differ in relation to the severity of the disease. Patients with self-limiting diarrhoea showed significantly lower levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha than subjects who did not show any clinical improvement.


CONCLUSIONS
In our study, it has been shown that cytokine levels in serum may represent early predictive markers both for the severity of symptoms and the clinical outcome of cryptosporidial enteritis in AIDS patients with a low CD4+ count.
Cacopardo
B
B
Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, Italy.
Nigro
L
L
Celesia
B M
BM
Minniti
S
S
Brancati
G
G
Montineri
A
A
Nunnari
A
A
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12