Photopigment basis for dichromatic color vision in cows, goats, and sheep.
Electroretinogram (ERG) flicker photometry was used to measure the spectral properties of cones in three common ungulates-cattle (Bos taurus), goats (Capra hircus), and sheep (Ovis aries). Two cone mechanisms were identified in each species. The location of peak sensitivity of an S-cone mechanism varied from about 444 to 455 nm for the three species; analogous values for an M/L-cone were tightly clumped at about 552-555 nm. Each of these three species has the requisite photopigment basis for dichromatic color vision and they are, thus, similar to other ungulates examined earlier.
Jacobs
G H
GH
Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106, USA.
Deegan
J F
JF
Neitz
J
J
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D003118:Color Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D004596:Electroretinography; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D012168:Retinal Pigments / Q000502:physiology*; D012756:Sheep / Q000502:physiology*
D012168:Retinal Pigments