The effect of a curfew on pediatric out-of-hospital EMS responses.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of a curfew is to decrease the amount of crime inflicted on minors during the late hours of the night. On June 1, 1994, a city curfew was instituted in New Orleans, requiring all persons 17 years of age or younger to be off the streets from 9 PM to 6 AM Sunday through Thursday, and from 11 PM to 6 AM on Friday and Saturday. This study evaluated the effect of the curfew on emergency medical services (EMS) transports for patients who were 17 years old or younger (pediatric).


METHODS
Data from all pediatric transports were included from the months before (5/94) and after (6/94) the institution of the curfew, and from the same two months one year earlier (5/93 and 6/93). A chi-square test was used to evaluate comparisons.


RESULTS
The city EMS transports 48,000 patients per year in a one-tiered system (paramedic only) that acts as the sole provider of emergency EMS transport in the city. Approximately 10% of all transports are pediatric, and 40% of the pediatric transports are for trauma. A total of 1,642 transports were found that fit the inclusion criteria. In May 1993, there were 415 total pediatric transports; 234 were pediatric trauma. In June 1993, there were 406 total pediatric transports; 250 were pediatric trauma. In May 1994, there were 447 total pediatric runs; 243 were pediatric trauma. During the postcurfew month, June 1994, there were a significant decrease in pediatric transports to 370 (p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in pediatric trauma transport to 189 (p < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
The institution of a curfew may lead to a drop in pediatric EMS runs during curfew hours. Another value of the curfew may be in the secondary effects of the curfew in preventing childhood injury during noncurfew hours.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. steve.weiss@mcmail.vanderbilt.edu
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D000293:Adolescent; D000552:Ambulances / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D003415:Crime / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012926:Social Control, Formal; D013997:Time Factors; D014187:Transportation of Patients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*