Psychoneuroendocrinology of post-traumatic stress disorder.
In 1980, the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was established to describe the long-lasting symptoms that can occur following exposure to extremely stressful life events. This article reviews the findings of neuroendocrinologic alterations in PTSD and summarizes the finding of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), catecholamine, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) systems. These are the neuroendocrine systems that have been studied in PTSD. Also included is a review of the basic facts about PTSD and biologic data.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Bronx Veterans Affairs, New York, New York, USA.
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Yehuda
D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000652:urine; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000502:physiology*; D008016:Life Change Events; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000502:physiology*; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000523:psychology
D002395:Catecholamines; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D003907:Dexamethasone; D006854:Hydrocortisone