The high mobility group protein, HMGI-C.
HMGI-C is a nuclear phosphoprotein that contains three short DNA-binding domains (AT-hooks) and a highly acidic C-terminus. Interest in the protein has recently been stimulated by three observations: the expression of the gene is cell-cycle regulated, the gene is rearranged in a number of tumours of mesenchymal origin and mice that have both HMGI-C alleles disrupted exhibit the pygmy phenotype. These observations suggest a role for HMGI-C in cell growth, more specifically, during foetal growth since the protein is normally only expressed in embryonic tissues. It is likely that the HMGI-C protein acts as an architectural transcription factor, regulating the expression of one or more genes that control embryonic cell growth. Since HMGI-C binds to the minor groove of AT-rich DNA this interaction could be a target for minor groove chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of sarcomas expressing the rearranged gene.
Goodwin
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Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Institute of Cancer Research, Haddow Laboratories, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D025741:HMGA1a Protein; D025743:HMGA2 Protein; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D009857:Oncogenes; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
D025743:HMGA2 Protein; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025741:HMGA1a Protein