Immune thrombocytopenic purpura ITP.
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura ITP is characterized by early platelet destruction due to an imbalanced immune response. In acute ITP, a transient increase of HLA-DR molecules has been detected while in individuals with chronic ITP, in addition, increased serum concentrations of IL-2 and other cytokines reflecting in vivo T-cell activation have been observed. Clinically, the hemorrhagic manifestation of ITP rather than the platelet count should define the indication for active intervention. In a staging system a patient with stage III has bleeding signs and platelet counts below 10 or 20 x 10(9)/L and needs treatment, a patient with stage II should be treated on an individual level (prevention of bleeding) and a patient with stage I (no bleeding, platelet count above 50 x 10(9)/L) should be observed only.
Imbach
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Univ. Children's Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
Kühne
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006474:Hemorrhagic Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010587:Phagocytosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D013156:Splenectomy; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet; D001323:Autoantibodies; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D007518:Isoantibodies