Regulation of protein topology by trans-acting factors at the endoplasmic reticulum.
In mammalian cells, the Sec61 complex and translocating chain-associated membrane protein (TRAM) are necessary and sufficient to direct the biogenesis, in the appropriate topology, of all secretory and membrane proteins examined thus far. We demonstrate here that the proper translocation of the prion protein (PrP), a substrate that can be synthesized in more than one topologic form, requires additional factors. In the absence of these additional factors, PrP is synthesized exclusively in the transmembrane topology (termed the CtmPrP form) associated with the development of neurodegenerative disease. Thus, translocation accessory factors, acting on some but not other substrates, can function as molecular switches to redirect nascent proteins toward divergent topologic fates with different functional consequences.
Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0444, USA.
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Hegde
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Voigt
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Lingappa
D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D018870:Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough / Q000378:metabolism*; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D011328:Prions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017510:Protein Folding; D011510:Proteolipids / Q000737:chemistry; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000502:physiology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000069816:SEC Translocation Channels
D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011328:Prions; D011510:Proteolipids; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000069816:SEC Translocation Channels; C020485:proteoliposomes; C036318:signal peptide receptor; C074282:translocating chain-associating membrane protein (TRAM)