Responses to acellular pertussis vaccines and component antigens in a coughing-rat model of pertussis.
Two acellular pertussis vaccines (SmithKline Beecham 3-component and Connaught 5-component), and a whole-cell pertussis vaccine (Evans), were similarly protective against paroxysmal coughing and leukocytosis in a coughing-rat model of pertussis. A two-dose immunization schedule was followed by sublethal intrabronchial challenge with Bordetella pertussis strain 18-323, encased in fine agarose beads, and the coughing monitored by sound-activated tape recorders. Pertussis toxoid by itself gave some protection against coughing, but lower than that afforded by the vaccines, despite inducing a higher serum anti-PT titre. The other component antigens, given individually, failed to protect against coughing although inducing antibodies. Immunization with the whole-cell and acellular vaccines and with their component antigens, as well as challenge with B. pertussis, caused significant elevation of total serum IgE antibodies. Antigen-specific IgG and IgA were detected in tracheobronchial washings from rats recovering from B. pertussis challenge, but vaccination prior to challenge had little influence on these antibody levels. The coughing-rat model of pertussis may be useful for the comparative testing of different formulations of pertussis vaccines before trials in human infants.
Division of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, UK.
E
E
Hall
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R
Parton
A C
AC
Wardlaw
D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D001886:Bordetella pertussis / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015430:Weight Gain
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine; D007073:Immunoglobulin E