Effects of synthetic speech output and orthographic feedback on spelling in a student with autism: a preliminary study.
The effects of speech output and orthographic feedback on spelling performance were evaluated in this preliminary study. A nonspeaking student with autism was taught to spell words under three feedback conditions using a voice output communication aid. In the auditoryvisual condition, the participant received speech output and orthographic feedback. In the visual condition, the participant received only the orthographic feedback. In the auditory condition, the student received only speech output. An adapted alternating treatments design was used to evaluate the effects of the three feedback conditions. Although the participant reached criterion and maintained performance in each of the conditions, the provision of speech output alone and in combination with orthographic feedback resulted in more efficient spelling than the provision of orthographic feedback alone. Although replications with other subjects are necessary, findings suggest that speech output contributes to efficient spelling.
Communication and Writing Aids Service, Bloorview-MacMillan Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
R W
RW
Schlosser
D M
DM
Blischak
P J
PJ
Belfiore
C
C
Bartley
N
N
Barnett
D000124:Achievement; D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D001296:Audiovisual Aids; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002648:Child; D003147:Communication Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction; D005246:Feedback; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D010700:Phonetics; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012656:Self-Help Devices; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome