Human ocular aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes: distribution and properties as major soluble proteins in cornea and lens.
Human aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes (ALDHs; EC 1.2.1.3) exhibit very high levels of activity in anterior eye tissues. Human corneal ALDH1 and ALDH3 isozymes are present as major soluble proteins (3% and 5%, respectively, of corneal soluble protein) and may play major roles in protecting the cornea against ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced tissue damage, as well as contributing directly to ultraviolet B (UV-B) photoreception. The human lens exhibits high levels of ALDH1 activity (1-2% of lens-soluble protein) and lower levels of ALDH3 activity. Kinetic analyses support a role for these enzymes in the metabolism of peroxidic aldehydes, which have been reported in ocular tissues.
King
G
G
Faculty of Science and Technology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Holmes
R
R
D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D003315:Cornea / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000201:enzymology*; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
D000447:Aldehydes; D007527:Isoenzymes; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase