Comparative pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of human insulin and analogues in chronic diabetic Yucatan minipigs.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of insulin analogues were compared with human insulin in streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetic Yucatan minipigs. After overnight fasting, insulin or one of the insulin analogues (0.6 nmol/kg) in acid solutions (pH approximately 3.0) was administered to the minipigs s.c. The plasma insulin concentrations were then measured by radioimmunoassay at predetermined time intervals although blood glucose levels were monitored continuously. The mean (+/-S.E.) values of DeltaCmax (difference between peak and basal plasma insulin levels) were 598 (+/-21), 528 (+/-44), 176 (+/-21), 325 (+/-60) and 228 (+/-33) pM, respectively, for analogue AspB9GluB27, AspB9, GluB27, AspB28 and insulin. The differences in DeltaCmax values were statistically significant between AspB9GluB27 and insulin (P < .02), and between AspB9 and insulin (P < .01), but not between GluB27 or AspB28 and insulin. Moreover, the mean (+/-S.E.) values of DeltaAUC0-->6 (integrated area between plasma insulin concentration curve and basal level) were 1877 (+/-169), 1897 (+/-70), 485 (+/-36), 500 (+/-32) and 677 (+/-105) pM x hr, respectively, for AspB9GluB27, AspB9, GluB27, AspB28 and insulin. The differences in DeltaAUC0-->6 values were statistically significant between AspB9GluB27 and insulin (P < .05) and between AspB9 and insulin (P < .02), but not between GluB27 or AspB28 and insulin. However, there was no significant difference in the values of Deltanadir (difference between nadir and basal levels) and ABGC0-->12 (integrated area between blood glucose response curve and basal level) between insulin and various analogues. In conclusion, although the insulin analogues are different from human insulin in pharmacokinetics, they exhibit similar biological activity to human insulin in the streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetic minipigs.
Controlled Drug-Delivery Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8067, USA.
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D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007328:Insulin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin