Phagocyte chemoattractant receptors.
Myeloid cells are attracted and activated by a variety of chemoattractants that bind to G protein-coupled receptors. In the past few years, the receptors for the classical chemoattractants (fMLF, C5a, PAF) and the chemotactic cytokines, known as C-X-C and C-C chemokines, have been cloned from myeloid cells. This review briefly describes recent advances in structure-function relationships of chemotactic receptors in human leukocytes as well as activation of signaling pathways and regulation of receptor function. In neutrophils, the binding of chemoattractants mainly activates the Gi2 protein inducing PIP2 hydrolysis and activation of the MAP kinase pathway. The C-C chemokine receptor, CC CKR5, and a chemokine receptor homologue, named fusin, have been shown to be the major cofactors for HIV-1 entry in macrophages and T cells. Recent studies suggest that the phosphorylation of chemoattractant receptors is a key event that regulates their biological function.
Boulay
F
F
Département de Biologie Moléculaire et Structurale, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biophysique des Systèmes Intégrés (Unité Mixte de Recherche 314, CEA/CNRS), Grenoble, France.
Naik
N
N
Giannini
E
E
Tardif
M
M
Brouchon
L
L
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D015936:Complement C5a / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000502:physiology; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction
D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D015936:Complement C5a