Responses to acellular pertussis vaccines and component antigens in a coughing-rat model of pertussis.
Two acellular pertussis vaccines (SmithKline Beecham 3-component and Connaught 5-component), and a whole-cell pertussis vaccine (Evans), were similarly protective against paroxysmal coughing and leukocytosis in a coughing-rat model of pertussis. A two-dose immunization schedule was followed by sublethal intrabronchial challenge with Bordetella pertussis strain 18-323, encased in fine agarose beads, and the coughing monitored by sound-activated tape recorders. Pertussis toxoid by itself gave some protection against coughing, but lower than that afforded by the vaccines, despite inducing a higher serum anti-PT titre. The other component antigens, given individually, failed to protect against coughing although inducing antibodies. Immunization with the whole-cell and acellular vaccines and with their component antigens, as well as challenge with B. pertussis, caused significant elevation of total serum IgE antibodies. Antigen-specific IgG and IgA were detected in tracheobronchial washings from rats recovering from B. pertussis challenge, but vaccination prior to challenge had little influence on these antibody levels. The coughing-rat model of pertussis may be useful for the comparative testing of different formulations of pertussis vaccines before trials in human infants.
Hall
E
E
Division of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, UK.
Parton
R
R
Wardlaw
A C
AC
D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D001886:Bordetella pertussis / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015430:Weight Gain
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine; D007073:Immunoglobulin E