The unfolded protein response: an intracellular signalling pathway with many surprising features.
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an intracellular signalling pathway--originating in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and leading to the cell nucleus--that controls transcription of genes encoding ER-resident proteins. Recent developments in this field show that this pathway utilizes unique regulatory mechanisms, including translational attenuation and a regulated mRNA splicing step catalysed by a bifunctional transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease and tRNA ligase. This review describes the characterization of the UPR signalling pathway, focusing on the novel regulatory mechanisms that it has revealed.
Sidrauski
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Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0448, USA.
Chapman
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Walter
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D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D017510:Protein Folding; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*
D009687:Nuclear Proteins