Minor disease features in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and their possible value in diagnosis of NF1 in children < or = 6 years and clinically suspected of having NF1. Neurofibromatosis team of Sophia Children's Hospital.
OBJECTIVE
To establish the frequency of minor disease features in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and to evaluate the value of minor disease features in children < or = 6 years with a suspected diagnosis of NF1, considering that the disease is virtually 100% penetrant at 6 years of age.


METHODS
During this 10 year, prospective, multidisciplinary, follow up study, 209 children suspected of having NF1 were examined; 150 were diagnosed with NF1 and 59 were not. The present analysis included children in whom NF1 was considered to be present at 6 years of age (n=85) and children without NF1 at 6 years of age (n=42).


RESULTS
The minor disease features macrocephaly (52.9%), short stature (24.7%), hypertelorism (63.5%), and thorax abnormalities (37.6%) were highly prevalent in children with NF1 and significantly associated with a diagnosis of NF1 at 6 years of age. In addition, the mean number of minor disease features was significantly higher in children with NF1 at 6 years of age compared to the group without a diagnosis at 6 years of age (mean 1.8 v 0.8, p<0.001). Moreover, children with three or more minor disease features were all diagnosed with NF1 under the age of 6 years. Multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model showed that macrocephaly, short stature, hypertelorism, and thorax abnormalities were all independently associated with the presence of NF1 at 6 years of age.


CONCLUSIONS
In children with insufficient diagnostic criteria aged < or = 6 years, documentation of minor disease features may be a helpful aid in predicting the diagnosis of NF1 in years to come.
Cnossen
M H
MH
Department of General Paediatrics, University Hospital Sophia/Dijkzigt, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Moons
K G
KG
Garssen
M P
MP
Pasmans
N M
NM
de Goede-Bolder
A
A
Niermeijer
M F
MF
Grobbee
D E
DE
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies