Cytogenetic damage and induction of pro-oxidant state in human lymphocytes exposed in vitro to gliphosate, vinclozolin, atrazine, and DPX-E9636.
We analyzed chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), mitotic index (MI), and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme activity in human peripheral lymphocytes from three healthy donors exposed in vitro to different concentrations of gliphosate, vinclozolin, atrazine, and DPX-E9636. The pesticides gliphosate, vinclozolin, and atrazine have been studied in a broad range of genetic tests with predominantly conflicting or negative results, whereas little is known about the genotoxicity of DPX-E9636. In our experimental conditions, each chemical compound tested produced a dose-related increase in the percent of aberrant cells and an increase of SCE/cell. Furthermore, at the highest concentrations of vinclozolin, atrazine, and DPX-E9636, we observed a significant reduction of the mitotic index. The increase of G6PD activity in exposed lymphocyte cultures strongly indicated an induction of a pro-oxidant state of the cells as an initial response to pesticide exposure.
Lioi
M B
MB
Department of Animal Production Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy.
Scarfi
M R
MR
Santoro
A
A
Barbieri
R
R
Zeni
O
O
Salvemini
F
F
Di Berardino
D
D
Ursini
M V
MV
D001280:Atrazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D016877:Oxidants; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity
D009153:Mutagens; D010080:Oxazoles; D016877:Oxidants; D010575:Pesticides; C113968:DPX E9636; D014508:Urea; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; C025643:vinclozolin; D001280:Atrazine