Lyme borreliosis.
Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease) is often said to be associated with "protean" manifestations, a reference to the ancient god Proteus, who could assume many forms and thus elude his pursuers. This legendary quality has clouded our understanding of Lyme borreliosis by giving Borrelia burgdorferi infection a mythical aura of its own. This review shows that this illness, while incompletely understood, is far more palpable than Proteus and is (in most cases) much more readily subdued. The clinical presentations of Lyme borreliosis do differ in North America and Eurasia, possibly due to the differing pathogenicity of distinct genospecies of Borrelia burgdorferi. The most common manifestation, however, in both continents is erythema migrans. Diagnosis should rest on a careful history and objective clinical findings, supported by appropriately chosen laboratory tests. Reports of coinfection with other tick-borne diseases should prompt a fresh look at Lyme borreliosis. Assertions about "protean manifestations" of B burgdorferi infection should be reappraised. Advances in laboratory techniques are welcome but culture remains the gold standard for the diagnosis--and no laboratory test result should substitute for careful clinical observation and critical analysis.
Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla 10595, USA.
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Nadelman
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Wormser
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001208:Asia; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D015748:Borrelia burgdorferi Group / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015787:Erythema Chronicum Migrans / Q000175:diagnosis; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008487:Medical History Taking; D009656:North America; D017282:Tick-Borne Diseases / Q000150:complications
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents