Molecular genetic methods: principles and feasibility in transfusion medicine.
The scale of the application of molecular biological techniques to modern medicine and research in the biological sciences is vast, and in many instances has captured widespread public appeal. The intention of this review is to summarise the impact of molecular techniques on Transfusion Medicine ranging from diagnostic testing (platelet, granulocyte and red cell genotyping; microbiological testing), stable gene integration into haematopoeitic stem cells (gene therapy), production of blood products in transgenic animals and cell lines, and the inhibition of gene expression using synthetic antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. All of these techniques involve the manipulation of genes, be it from the relatively simple examination of different alleles to the technically demanding ability to express mammalian genes in culture and other animals.
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International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, Southmead, Bristol, UK. Neil.avent@nbs.nhs.uk
D000818:Animals; D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet / Q000235:genetics; D001688:Biological Products / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004274:DNA, Recombinant / Q000235:genetics; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015723:Gene Library; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005838:Genotype; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008403:Mass Screening; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000379:methods*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012449:Safety; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet; D001688:Biological Products; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C078147:F8 protein, human; D005169:Factor VIII