Basal hormone levels in women who use acetaminophen for menstrual pain.
OBJECTIVE
To compare basal gonadotropin and estradiol levels between women using acetaminophen versus those using no or other types of analgesics.


METHODS
Observational study.


METHODS
Three IVF clinics in greater Boston.


METHODS
Three hundred eighty-six women accepted for their first IVF treatment who completed questionnaires recording medical history, including analgesic use for menstrual pain, and who had blood drawn during the menstrual phase of a cycle before treatment.


METHODS
Basal FSH, LH, and estradiol.


RESULTS
Basal hormone levels, especially LH, were lower for women who regularly used acetaminophen compared with women who used no medication or other types of analgesics. Lower hormone levels in acetaminophen users were consistently observed when women were subdivided by age, body mass index, smoking history, and degree of menstrual pain-features that might have influenced analgesic use or hormone levels.


CONCLUSIONS
This study provides preliminary evidence that acetaminophen may lower gonadotropin and estradiol levels and offers a biologic basis for the epidemiologic observation that acetaminophen use may reduce the risk of ovarian cancer.
Cramer
D W
DW
Obstetrics-Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Liberman
R F
RF
Hornstein
M D
MD
McShane
P
P
Powers
D
D
Li
E Y
EY
Barbieri
R
R
D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010146:Pain / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary; D000082:Acetaminophen; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone