Occurrence of fumonisins in corn-based food products.
Corn-based food products obtained from commercial outlets in three different parts of the U.S., Maryland, Nebraska, and Arizona were analyzed for total fumonisins by a commercial competitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CD-ELISA) and for fumonisin B1 (FB1) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest fumonisin concentrations were found in samples collected in Maryland, where all 18 samples were found positive for fumonisins (200 to 7,450 ng/g of food) by CD-ELISA and 15 of the 18 samples (83%) were found positive for FB1 (< 75 to 5,916 ng/g) by HPLC. Fumonisins were also detected by CD-ELISA in 14 of 15 samples collected in Arizona with concentrations ranging from 200 to 1,450 ng/g, but analyses by HPLC showed that only 8 of 15 samples (53%) were positive for FB1 (< 75 to 1,565 ng/g of food). Of the 23 samples collected in Nebraska, 20 (87%) were positive for fumonisins (200 to 2,500 ng/g) by CD-ELISA, but only 10 (44%) were positive for FB1 (< 75 to 927 ng/g) by HPLC. The highest fumonisin and FB1 concentrations were found in cornmeal samples, ranging up to 7,450 ng/g of cornmeal by CD-ELISA and 5,916 ng/g by HPLC. These findings indicate that there may be a risk of human exposure to fumonisins through the consumption of some corn-based foods.
Castelo
M M
MM
Food Science and Technology Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583-0919, USA.
Sumner
S S
SS
Bullerman
L B
LB
D001130:Arizona; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005511:Food Handling; D037341:Fumonisins; D005670:Fusarium; D008396:Maryland; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D009329:Nebraska; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*
D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; C056933:fumonisin B1