Overuse syndromes in baseball, tennis, gymnastics, and swimming.
The shoulder is the "center of action" for most sports including those discussed in this article. Overuse problems of the shoulder are the most common group of injuries affecting the athlete involved in baseball, tennis, swimming, and gymnastics. Most of the injuries can be directly related to the mechanics of throwing, swimming, or gymnastics. After diagnosis, treatment is directed at "selective rest" of the injured shoulder and modalities and medications intended to decrease the inflammatory response of the body to stress.
Richardson
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Women's Athletic Program, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA.
D000054:Acceleration; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001175:Arthrography; D001182:Arthroscopy; D001484:Baseball / Q000293:injuries* / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D017679:Cryotherapy; D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003654:Deceleration; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D017276:Friction; D006173:Gymnastics / Q000293:injuries* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000209:etiology; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012146:Rest; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000534:rehabilitation; D013550:Swimming / Q000293:injuries* / Q000502:physiology; D013715:Tennis / Q000293:injuries* / Q000502:physiology
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents