MSG1 (melanocyte-specific gene 1): mapping to chromosome Xq13.1, genomic organization, and promoter analysis.
MSG1 (melanocyte-specific gene 1) is a recently isolated gene predominantly expressed in cultured normal melanocytes and pigmented melanoma cells. MSG1 encodes a 27-kDa nuclear protein that has strong intrinsic transcriptional transactivating activity. In this report, the human MSG1 gene was mapped to chromosome Xq13.1 using X chromosome-specific somatic cell hybrids, and the mouse Msg1 gene was mapped 1.9 +/- 1.3 cM proximal to Xist using an interspecific backcross panel. Both the human and the mouse MSG1 genes consist of three exons and two introns within 5 kb of genomic DNA, and their genomic structures are highly conserved. Southern blot analysis suggests the existence of MSG1 homologues in chicken, zebrafish, and Drosophila. A 2.0-kb fragment of the 5'-flanking region of the mouse Msg1 gene contains a TATA box and potential binding sites for several transcription factors including USF, Brn-3, Brn-2, TFE3, Oct-1, AP-2, and Spl. This promoter fragment activates transcription of a reporter gene in pigmented melanoma cells, but not in amelanotic melanoma cells or nonmelanocytic cells, indicating that Msg1 expression is at least partially regulated at the transcriptional level.
Fenner
M H
MH
Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
Parrish
J E
JE
Boyd
Y
Y
Reed
V
V
MacDonald
M
M
Nelson
D L
DL
Isselbacher
K J
KJ
Shioda
T
T
D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D016385:TATA Box / Q000235:genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics*
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C512688:CITED1 protein, human; C102208:Cited1 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors