Does chronic smoking influence fibrinolytic potential in type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) were studied in 18 smokers and 18 closely matched non-smokers, all of whom had Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). None of the patients had advanced complications of diabetes. The t-PA and PAI-1 antigen levels were measured in plasma before and after venous occlusion, and were normal in Type 1 diabetes regardless of smoking status. Platelet PAI-1 levels were also measured and were found to be normal both in smokers and non-smokers. In smokers with Type 1 DM, plasma PAI-1 was significantly correlated with triglycerides. The normal fibrinolytic potential found in smokers with diabetes contrasts starkly with the significantly elevated plasma PAI-1 reported in smokers without diabetes. In smokers, triglycerides may effect low levels of PAI-1 release into plasma; this process may be significantly augmented in the presence of smoking-induced insulin resistance. The lack of endogenous insulin release in Type 1 diabetes may obviate the characteristic rise in plasma PAI-1 found in smokers who do not have diabetes.
Department of Medicine, St. John's Hospital, Scotland, UK. a.j.simpson@ed.ac.uk
A J
AJ
Simpson
N A
NA
Booth
N R
NR
Moore
R S
RS
Gray
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000502:physiology*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood*; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D005340:Fibrinogen; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D014280:Triglycerides