Skills training versus psychosocial occupational therapy for persons with persistent schizophrenia.
OBJECTIVE
The authors compared the community functioning of outpatients with persistent forms of schizophrenia after treatment with psychosocial occupational therapy or social skills training, with the latter conducted by paraprofessionals.


METHODS
Eighty outpatients with persistent forms of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to receive either psychosocial occupational therapy or skills training for 12 hours weekly for 6 months, followed by 18 months of follow-up with case management in the community. Antipsychotic medication was prescribed through "doctor's choice" by psychiatrists who were blind to the psychosocial treatment assignments.


RESULTS
Patients who received skills training showed significantly greater independent living skills during a 2-year follow-up of everyday community functioning.


CONCLUSIONS
Skills training can be effectively conducted by paraprofessionals, with durability and generalization of the skills greater than that achieved by occupational therapists who provide their patients with psychosocial occupational therapy.
Liberman
R P
RP
West Los Angeles VA Medical Center and the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, USA. rpl@ucla.edu
Wallace
C J
CJ
Blackwell
G
G
Kopelowicz
A
A
Vaccaro
J V
JV
Mintz
J
J
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019090:Case Management; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003156:Community Mental Health Services; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012648:Self Care; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012919:Social Behavior
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents