Effect of long-term olive oil dietary intervention on postprandial triacylglycerol and factor VII metabolism.
Although the beneficial effects of Mediterranean-type diets, which are rich in olive oil, a good source of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), are generally accepted, little is known about the effects of long-term dietary MUFA intake on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism and hemostasis. This study used a single-blind, randomized, crossover design to investigate the relative effects of a long-term dietary olive oil intervention and a control [saturated fatty acid (SFA)-enriched] diet on postprandial triacylglycerol metabolism and factor VII activity. The postprandial response to a standard test meal was investigated in 23 healthy men who adhered to both diets for 8 wk. cis-MUFAs were successfully substituted for SFAs in the MUFA diet without affecting total dietary fat or energy intakes. The long-term dietary MUFA intervention significantly reduced plasma and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (P = 0.01). Postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations were significantly greater in the early postprandial period after the MUFA diet (P = 0.003). Postprandial factor VII activation and the concentration of the factor VII antigen were significantly lower after the MUFA diet (P = 0.04 and P = 0.006, respectively). This study showed that isoenergetic substitution of MUFAs for SFAs reduces plasma cholesterol and reduces the degree of postprandial factor VII activation. The alterations in the postprandial triacylglycerol response suggest a greater rate of dietary fat absorption and postprandial triacylglycerol metabolism after a diet rich in MUFAs. This study presents new insights into the biochemical basis of the beneficial effects associated with long-term dietary MUFA consumption, which may explain the lower rates of coronary mortality in Mediterranean regions.
Roche
H M
HM
Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. hmroche@tcd.ie
Zampelas
A
A
Knapper
J M
JM
Webb
D
D
Brooks
C
C
Jackson
K G
KG
Wright
J W
JW
Gould
B J
BJ
Kafatos
A
A
Gibney
M J
MJ
Williams
C M
CM
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005167:Factor VII / Q000378:metabolism*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000187:drug effects*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; D005167:Factor VII