title: A retrospective study of morbidity and mortality of raptors in Florida: 1988-1994.
abstract: A retrospective study was conducted on 390 raptors admitted to the University of Florida Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (VMTH) during 1988-1994. Representatives of 20 species were admitted; the five most common species were the barred owl (Strix varia, 72), eastern sreech owl (Otus asio, 63), red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus, 49), bald eagle (Haleaeetus leucocephalus, 43), and red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis, 38). A primary clinical diagnosis was determined in 340 (87%) of the 390 raptors admitted to the VMTH; a diagnosis was not made for the remaining 50 birds. Eighty-two percent (279) had traumatic injuries, and 87% (243) of those were directly related to human activity. The primary clinical diagnoses in the remaining 61 raptors included toxicosis (21), poor nutrition (15), infectious disease (11), orphaned young (11), and electrocution (3). The disposition of the 390 raptors was as follows: 61% (237) died or euthanized, 21% (80) released to the wild, 15% (57) outcome unknown, and 4% (16) permanent captives. Necropsies were performed on 32 of the 237 raptors that died.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0126, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Deem
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Terrell
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Forrester
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D001717:Birds; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D000075322:Heavy Metal Poisoning; D008297:Male; D009017:Morbidity; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D010575:Pesticides / Q000506:poisoning; D011041:Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides