title: [Sensitivity of human melanoma xenografts to nitrosoalkylurea antineoplastic agents].
abstract: We studied the sensitivity of human melanoma (Bro strain) xenografts to drugs of the nitrosoalkylurea (NAU) class: nitrosomethylurea (NMM), karmustin (BCNU), nimustin (ACNU), nitrulin, and ADEKO. High antitumor activity of NAM was shown when the drugs were applied not only at the early, but also at the late stages of tumor progression (tumor mass 400 and 1200 mg, respectively). The therapeutic effect of the drugs was estimated with the use of criteria characterizing the kinetics of tumor regression, increased life span, and survival of treated animals. After early administration of the drugs (Day 4 after tumor transplantation), 67% and 50% of animals survive under the influence of nitrulin and ACNU, respectively, while the rate of tumor regression increased in the sequence nitrulin < karmustin < NMM < ACNU. After late administration (11 days after tumor transplantation), NMM was most effective at increasing survival (35% of survived animals by 35 days of observation), while the rate of tumor regression increased in the sequence ADEKO < NMM < karmustin < nitrulin < ACNU.
authors.affiliation: Emanuel' Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ostrovskaia
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ul'ianova
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Fomina
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Rykova
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Konradov
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Brin
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Gorbunova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002330:Carmustine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002956:Citrulline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D015376:Nimustine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds; D015376:Nimustine; C107500:nitrullin; D002956:Citrulline; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; C042070:ADEKO; D002330:Carmustine