title: Surgical removal of subfoveal iatrogenic choroidal neovascular membranes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the cases of two patients with laser-induced iatrogenic subfoveal choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVMs) who underwent surgical removal of the membranes with favorable outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interventional case reports.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients with iatrogenic subfoveal CNVM. One case developed after laser treatment for macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion, and the second case developed after focal laser photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgical removal by pars plana vitrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visual acuity, scotoma, retinal examination with fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography before surgery and during the postoperative period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both patients underwent surgical removal after progression of the membrane with severe visual loss of 20/200 was noted. At present follow-up, there is a significant improvement in visual acuity and a reduction in the size of the scotoma. No recurrence of CNVM is noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both patients with laser-induced iatrogenic subfoveal CNVM achieved a good visual outcome after surgical removal of the membrane. The reasons for a good surgical result are thought to be twofold. First, the origin of the CNVM is extrafoveal at the site of laser application. The chance for foveal cone cell damage during the surgery is reduced. Second, the degree of cellular destruction in iatrogenic CNVM is usually focal without extensive retinal photoreceptor cell and retinal pigment epithelial damage. Therefore, a better chance of postoperative visual recovery is anticipated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson 39216, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Fratkin
mesh_terms: D002829:Choroid / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000601:surgery*; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D008566:Membranes / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity