title: Human endothelial cell migration is stimulated by urokinase plasminogen activator:plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 complex released from endometrial stromal cells stimulated with transforming growth factor beta1; possible mechanism for paracrine stimulation of endometrial angiogenesis.
abstract: Human endometrial stromal cell cultures, stimulated for two days with recombinant transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1; 10 ng/ml), contained conditioned medium concentrations of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1), and uPA:PAI1 complex. Since a number of cellular effects have been reported to follow a binding of enzymatically inactive uPA to the receptor in different cell types, we studied the influence of uPA:PAI1 complex on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). Increasing concentrations of uPA:PAI1 complex as well as free uPA resulted in a dose-dependent stimulation of endothelial cell migration. Stimulation by the complex was of the same magnitude as that of free uPA on a molar basis and reached its maximum at 1 nM in both cell types. PAI1 by itself, however, had no effect on cell migration. The migratory response to both uPA and the uPA:PAI1 complex was inhibited by antibody adhesion to the cell surface receptor for uPA. In addition, we found that TGFss1 had a direct stimulatory effect on migration in both HUVEC and HMEC-1. This response did not, however, involve the binding of uPA to the uPA receptor. Since TGFbetas are expressed in endometrial tissue and reportedly stimulate angiogenesis in other tissues in vivo, though not endothelial cell proliferation in vitro, they may engage in the regeneration of endometrial vasculature indirectly via perivascular cells. We found that the uPA:PAI1 complex, when released from endometrial stromal cells in response to TGFbeta1, stimulated endothelial cell migration. This suggests a possible mechanism for paracrine stimulation of endometrial angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University Hospital, S-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sandberg
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Casslén
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gustavsson
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Benraad
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004717:Endometrium / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008833:Microcirculation; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D019899:Paracrine Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator