title: Structural basis for inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk6 by the tumour suppressor p16INK4a.
abstract: The cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (Cdk4/6) that control the G1 phase of the cell cycle and their inhibitor, the p16INK4a tumour suppressor, have a central role in cell proliferation and in tumorigenesis. The structures of Cdk6 bound to p16INK4a and to the related p19INK4d reveal that the INK4 inhibitors bind next to the ATP-binding site of the catalytic cleft, opposite where the activating cyclin subunit binds. They prevent cyclin binding indirectly by causing structural changes that propagate to the cyclin-binding site. The INK4 inhibitors also distort the kinase catalytic cleft and interfere with ATP binding, which explains how they can inhibit the preassembled Cdk4/6-cyclin D complexes as well. Tumour-derived mutations in INK4a and Cdk4 map to interface contacts, solidifying the role of CDK binding and inhibition in the tumour suppressor activity of p16INK4a.
authors.affiliation: Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Jeffrey
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Pavletich
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D056741:Cyclin D; D051361:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D050764:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p19; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004926:Escherichia coli; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: C493974:CDKN2D protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D056741:Cyclin D; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D050764:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p19; D016213:Cyclins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C495911:CDK6 protein, human; D051361:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases