title: Prospective randomized comparison of the Shouldice and Lichtenstein hernia repair procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the Lichtenstein, tension-free mesh, and the Shouldice, 4-layer Bassini repair of the inguinal hernia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A private suburban hernia center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six hundred seventy-two men with inguinal hernias, aged 20 to 90 years, seen at the hernia center between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 1995.
  
  
  METHODS
  Slightly modified Shouldice and Lichtenstein repairs were used to repair primary and recurrent inguinal hernias.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recurrence rates, symptoms (including patient satisfaction), and infections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 717 repairs in 672 patients, including 45 bilateral repairs, have been monitored to date. Recurrence of hernia occurred in 7 Shouldice repairs and 2 mesh repairs. Twelve superficial infections associated with Shouldice and 6 associated with mesh repairs were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both types of hernia repair are comparable and effective, but long-term results favor the Lichtenstein technique for reducing recurrences (to a P value of .10), ease of technical mastery, and application to the outpatient setting by use of a local anesthetic.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: McGillicuddy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000379:methods; D013536:Suture Techniques