title: Fecal excretion of a nonenveloped DNA virus (TTV) associated with posttransfusion non-A-G hepatitis.
abstract: Five patients with type B or C hepatocellular carcinoma were found to be infected with a nonenveloped DNA virus (TTV) associated with posttransfusion hepatitis of non-A-G etiology. Paired feces and serum samples from these patients were tested for TTV DNA by polymerase chain reaction with seminested primers and their sequences were compared. TTV DNA was detected in sera from all of the patients, while it was detected in feces from three patients, including two with high viral titers in serum. When feces and serum from one patient were subjected to floatation ultracentrifugation in CsCl, TTV in feces banded at a peak density of 1.35 g/cm3 and that in serum at 1.31-1.32 g/cm3. TTV isolates in three pairs of feces and serum had the identical sequence of 222 base pairs. The excretion of TTV into feces indicates that TTV would be transmitted not only parenterally but also nonparenterally by a fecal-oral route.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Division, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi-Ken, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akahane
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ukita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyakawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mayumi
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000821:virology; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology*; D005838:Genotype; D006525:Hepatitis, Viral, Human / Q000209:etiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral