title: Interference of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs with very late activation antigen 4/vascular cells adhesion molecule 1-mediated lymphocyte-endothelial cell adhesion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the adhesion of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) under conditions that resemble blood flow.
  
  
  METHODS
  Assays of adhesion of PBL to HUVEC or recombinant vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (rVCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and E-selectin were performed under continuous rotation at 37 degrees C. The phenotype of PBL subpopulations attached was characterized by flow cytometry. Lymphocytes were pretreated with different doses (5-100 microg/ml) of aceclofenac, diclofenac, indomethacin, or piroxicam or with inhibitory monoclonal antibodies (MAb) prior to the adhesion assays. The effect of NSAIDs on lymphocyte adhesion molecules was assessed by flow cytometry. To determine whether NSAIDs interfere with the affinity state of very late activation antigen 4 (VLA-4) integrin, we studied the effect of these drugs on the appearance of a beta1 activation-dependent epitope recognized by the HUTS21 MAb both on human T lymphoblasts and on synovial fluid lymphocytes (SFL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the flow-resembling model, PBL-HUVEC adhesion was mainly mediated by the VLA-4/ VCAM-1 adhesion pathway. The major PBL subset attached was the CD3+, CD45RO+ memory T cell, with CD49d(high) expression. Aceclofenac, diclofenac, and indomethacin, but not piroxicam, were able to inhibit PBL adhesion to HUVEC or rVCAM-1. However, the quantitative expression of VLA-4 was not affected by treatment of PBL with any of the NSAIDs studied. On T lymphoblasts and SFL, mostly CD45RO+ cells, the expression of the beta1 activation-dependent epitope detected by HUTS21 MAb was significantly decreased by aceclofenac, diclofenac, and indomethacin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some NSAIDs are able to inhibit the adhesion of PBL to HUVEC under conditions that resemble blood flow by interfering with the conformational change in VLA-4 that increases its affinity for VCAM-1.
authors.affiliation: Hospital La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: González-Alvaro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García-Vicuña
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sabando
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cabañas
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Madrid
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Díaz-González
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1; D016023:Integrins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D019040:E-Selectin; D039041:Integrin alpha4beta1; D016023:Integrins; D016201:Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1