title: Analysis of the botulinum neurotoxin type F gene clusters in proteolytic and nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium barati.
abstract: Comparison of genes encoding type F botulinum neurotoxin progenitor complex in strains of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum strain Langeland, nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum strain 202F, and Clostridium barati strain ATCC 43256 reveals an identical organization of genes encoding a protein of molecular mass of approx. 47 kDa (P-47), nontoxic-nonhemagglutinin (NTNH) and botulinum toxin (BoNT). Although homology between the protein components of the complexes encoded by these different species all producing botulinum neurotoxin type F is considerable (approx. 69-88% identity), exceptionally high homology is observed between the C-termini of the P-47s (approx. 96% identity) and the NTNHs (approx. 94% identity) encoded by Clostridium botulinum type F strain Langeland and Clostridium botulinum type A strain Kyoto. Such a region of extremely high sequence identity is strongly indicative of recombination in these strains synthesizing botulinum neurotoxins of different antigenic types.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute of Food Research, Earley Gate, Whiteknights Road, Reading RG6 6BZ, UK.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: East
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bhandari
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hielm
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D003013:Clostridium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003014:Clostridium botulinum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D010450:Endopeptidases; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; C096321:botulinum toxin type F