title: Attenuation of the seizure-induced expression of BDNF mRNA in adult rat brain by an inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases.
abstract: We have examined the potential involvement of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases in the regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in vivo following kainic acid (kainate)-induced seizure activity by in situ hybridization. KN-62, a specific inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II and IV, blocked the characteristic induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA seen following seizure activity. This blockade was specific to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II and IV as inhibitors of both protein kinase C and cAMP-dependent protein kinase had no effect. Inhibition of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA increases varied between brain regions; an almost complete inhibition was seen throughout cortical regions, whereas only partial inhibitory effects were noted within hippocampus. A similar inhibition of increased c-fos mRNA was observed throughout cortical, hippocampal and diencephalic regions. The two predominant brain-derived neurotrophic factor transcripts induced by kainate, containing exons I or III, were differentially affected by KN-62. The cortical induction of exon I was blocked by KN-62, whereas exon III was not, providing additional evidence for the differential regulation of individual brain-derived neurotrophic factor transcripts and demonstrating that inhibition of brain-derived neurotrophic factor induction was not due to general blockade of seizure activity throughout the neocortex. These data implicate calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II or IV in the regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in vivo and suggest regionally specific mechanisms occur throughout the brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. k.murray@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: V Y
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gall
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Isackson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005091:Exons / Q000502:physiology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases