Protein-DNA interactions in interferon-gamma signaling.
The ability to rapidly activate new genes is essential for the biological effects mediated by IFN-gamma. Studies directed at understanding how these genes are induced by this ligand led to the identification of the STAT family of transcription factors. STATs are rapidly activated at the receptor, whereupon they translocate to the nucleus and bind to a unique enhancer found in the promoter of target genes. The ability to identify this IFN-gamma response element and the proteins that bind it was critical for the elucidation of this pathway. These techniques are the focus of this review.
Park
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Department of Microbiology and Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10032, USA.
Schindler
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D001483:Base Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011485:Protein Binding; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D014157:Transcription Factors; D007371:Interferon-gamma