title: Animal electricity from Bologna to Boston.
abstract: This is an appreciation of 3 scientists who made historic contributions toward understanding bio-electrical activity. The discoveries of Galvani and Volta, who were contemporaries two hundred years ago, continue as basic supports in advancing the strength and health of all mankind. They, nevertheless, had political and scientific disagreements that still linger. The third scientist was our contemporary, Alexander Forbes who, throughout most of the 20th century, continued to increase our understanding of electrical activity in the nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467-2490, USA.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Goldensohn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000266:history*; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D009482:Neurophysiology / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States