title: Triazolam-induced changes in alcoholic thought processes.
abstract: This study was designed to examine and contrast cognitive effects (explicit memory and access to semantic knowledge) of the benzodiazepine Halcion (triazolam) in ten normal volunteers and ten cognitively un-impaired detoxified alcoholics. The two groups were indistinguishable from one another under placebo conditions on all measures of cognitive functioning. Under Halcion test conditions (0.375 mg p.o.), both groups were about equally impaired in their recall of to-be-remembered information. However, alcoholics, were more likely to recall information that they were not asked to remember (intrusion errors) on all measures of explicit remembering. Alcoholics also generated relatively uncommon (low frequency) responses from semantic memory, rather than common, categorically related associations in response to stimuli such as types of vegetables, flowers, and fruit following the administration of Halcion, but were not different from normal volunteers in the types of responses generated under placebo conditions. These findings suggest that a drug challenge that simulates many of the effects of acute alcohol administration induces alcoholics to think and remember differently (qualitatively) from normal volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892-1250, USA. HerbW@NIH.GOV
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Weingartner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rawlings
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eckardt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013850:Thinking / Q000187:drug effects*; D014229:Triazolam / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D014229:Triazolam