Age-related performance of human subjects on saccadic eye movement tasks.
We measured saccadic eye movements in 168 normal human subjects, ranging in age from 5 to 79 years, to determine age-related changes in saccadic task performance. Subjects were instructed to look either toward (pro-saccade task) or away from (anti-saccade task) an eccentric target under different conditions of fixation. We quantified the percentage of direction errors, the time to onset of the eye movement (saccadic reaction time: SRT), and the metrics and dynamics of the movement itself (amplitude, peak velocity, duration) for subjects in different age groups. Young children (5-8 years of age) had slow SRTs, great intra-subject variance in SRT, and the most direction errors in the anti-saccade task. Young adults (20-30 years of age) typically had the fastest SRTs and lowest intra-subject variance in SRT. Elderly subjects (60-79 years of age) had slower SRTs and longer duration saccades than other subject groups. These results demonstrate very strong age-related effects in subject performance, which may reflect different stages of normal development and degeneration in the nervous system. We attribute the dramatic improvement in performance in the anti-saccade task that occurs between the ages of 5-15 years to delayed maturation of the frontal lobes.
Munoz
D P
DP
Department of Physiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. doug@biomed.QueensU.CA
Broughton
J R
JR
Goldring
J E
JE
Armstrong
I T
IT
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*