title: Transcription of a minimal promoter from the NF-IL6 gene is regulated by CREB/ATF and SP1 proteins in U937 promonocytic cells.
abstract: NF-IL6 is an important transcriptional regulator of genes induced in activated monocytes/macrophages, and NF-IL6 is the only CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family member whose steady-state mRNA levels increase upon activation of monocytes (1). We show that increased transcription of the NF-IL6 gene is responsible, at least in part, for induction of NF-IL6 mRNA following activation of U937 promonocytic cells. We have identified a 104-bp minimal promoter region of the NF-IL6 gene that is sufficient for basal and activation-dependent induction of transcription in U937 cells. This region contains binding sites for the cAMP response element-binding protein/activation transcription factor (CREB/ATF) and Sp1 families of transcription factors. Each site is functionally important and contributes independently to transcription of the NF-IL6 gene in U937 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berrier
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Siu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Calame
mesh_terms: D051696:Activating Transcription Factors; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000276:immunology*; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D051696:Activating Transcription Factors; D001798:Blood Proteins; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate