title: Somatostatin in the prevention of recurrent bleeding after endoscopic haemostasis of peptic ulcer haemorrhage: a preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although endoscopic injection therapy provides excellent initial haemostasis in actively bleeding ulcers, the incidence of recurrent haemorrhage is not negligible. The aim of this study was to compare somatostatin, omeprazole and ranitidine in preventing further haemorrhage after endoscopic injection haemostasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-three patients with major stigmata of ulcer haemorrhage at endoscopy were treated with epinephrine injection and randomly assigned to receive either omeprazole (n = 24) or ranitidine (n = 24) or somatostatin (n = 25). The three groups were similar in all background variables including mean age, clinical and endoscopic features, severity of bleeding and timing of the haemostatic procedure. All patients underwent a second endoscopic look at 48 h. Failures of treatment or retreatment underwent emergency surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of initial haemostasis, need for emergency surgery, transfusion requirements, length of hospital stay or mortality. Early recurrent haemorrhage was 5/22 (22.7%) in the ranitidine group, 5/23 (21.7%) in the omeprazole group and 2/23 (8.7%) in the somatostatin group. No major side-effect was noted with drug therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preliminary results suggest that somatostatin might be more effective than ranitidine and omeprazole in the prevention of recurrent haemorrhage following endoscopic injection therapy of bleeding peptic ulcers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Second University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Coraggio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rotondano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marmo
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Balzanelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moccia
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Parola
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010438:Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D006490:Hemostatics; D013004:Somatostatin; D011899:Ranitidine; D009853:Omeprazole