title: Presence of matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
abstract: To determine whether matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is a potential mediator involved in the frequently detected blood-brain barrier leakage in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, zymography was used to detect MMP-9 activity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of 80 HIV-infected patients and of 10 control patients. CSF MMP-9 activity was detected in 40% of HIV-infected patients (but not in controls) and was significantly more frequent in HIV-infected patients than in those without neurologic deficits (50% vs. 13.6%). The frequency of CSF MMP-9 activity did not significantly differ between neurologically symptomatic HIV-infected patients with or without opportunistic central nervous system disease (51.6% vs. 48.1%). Additionally, the presence of CSF MMP-9 activity in HIV-infected patients was associated with an increased CSF white blood cell count and an elevated CSF-to-serum albumin ratio, suggesting that it may play a role in blood-brain/CSF barrier leakage in HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of Neurology and Institute for Clinical Chemistry, and Medizinische Poliklinik, Germany. bsporer@nefo.med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sporer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Koedel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grimm
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wick
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Goebel
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Pfister
mesh_terms: D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D017364:Collagenases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
chemical_list: D017364:Collagenases; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9