title: Filgrastim restores interleukin-2 production in blood from patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection.
abstract: Filgrastim induces lymphocytosis, including all T cell subsets, and increased ex vivo interleukin (IL)-2 release as well as lymphocyte proliferation. Since Filgrastim is increasingly used in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the effect of Filgrastim on ex vivo cytokine production was determined. Whole blood from 8 healthy volunteers, 5 high-risk volunteers, and 31 HIV-infected outpatients was assayed for cytokine production in response to endotoxin (LPS) or staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in the presence or absence of 100 ng/mL Filgrastim. LPS-inducible blood cytokine release of HIV-infected patients was not different from that of normal or high-risk volunteers. The suppressive effect of Filgrastim on LPS-inducible blood tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma formation in normal volunteers was not found in HIV-infected patients. Patients with advanced HIV infection showed reduced IL-2 and IL-4 release in the presence of SEB. In the presence of Filgrastim, IL-2 production was partially restored.
authors.affiliation: Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Germany. Thomas.Hartung@uni-konstanz.de
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hartung
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Pitrak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foote
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Shatzen
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Verral
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wendel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018450:Disease Progression; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069585:Filgrastim; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006678:HIV; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D004768:Enterotoxins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008934:Mitogens; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D015847:Interleukin-4; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal; D000069585:Filgrastim