title: Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate turnover in Azorhizobium caulinodans is required for growth and affects nifA expression.
abstract: Azorhizobium caulinodans is able to fix nitrogen in the free-living state and in symbiosis with the tropical legume Sesbania rostrata. The bacteria accumulate poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) under both conditions. The structural gene for PHB synthase, phbC, was inactivated by insertion of an interposon. The mutant strains obtained were devoid of PHB, impaired in their growth properties, totally devoid of nitrogenase activity ex planta (Nif-), and affected in nucleotide pools and induced Fix- nodules devoid of bacteria. The Nif- phenotype was the consequence of the lack of nifA transcription. Nitrogenase activity was partially restored to a phbC mutant by constitutive expression of the nifA gene. However, this constitutive nifA expression had no effect on the nucleotide content or on growth of the phbC mutant. It is suggested that PHB is required for maintaining the reducing power of the cell and therefore the bacterial growth. These observations also suggest a new control of nifA expression to adapt nitrogen fixation to the availability of carbon and reducing equivalents.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología Molecular, Centro de Investigación sobre Fijación de Nitrógeno, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mandon
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Michel-Reydellet
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Encarnación
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leija
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cevallos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Elmerich
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mora
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000382:microbiology; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation / Q000235:genetics; D009591:Nitrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000032:analysis; D018517:Plant Roots; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011091:Polyesters / Q000378:metabolism*; D012230:Rhizobiaceae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D000094122:Polyhydroxybutyrates
chemical_list: D000217:Acyltransferases; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D009591:Nitrogenase; D009711:Nucleotides; D011091:Polyesters; D014157:Transcription Factors; C061338:NifA protein, Bacteria; C003182:poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate; D000094122:Polyhydroxybutyrates; C060970:poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate polymerase