title: Lactate clamp: a method to measure lactate utilization in vivo.
abstract: A lactate clamp method has been developed to quantify the whole body lactate utilization in conscious, unstressed rats. Dichloroacetate (DCA), a known lactate utilization enhancer, was used to validate the method. Fasting blood lactate concentrations before the clamps were identical for DCA-treated (1 mmol/kg) and control groups (1.65 +/- 0.37 vs. 1.65 +/- 0.19 mM). The animals received a primed continuous lactate infusion for 90 min at variable rates to clamp the blood lactate concentration at 2 mM. The steady-state (60-90 min) lactate infusion rate, which represents the whole body lactate utilization in DCA-treated animals, was 144% higher than that in the control animals (13.2 +/- 1.0 vs. 5.4 +/- 1.1 mg . kg-1 . min-1; P < 0.001). The markedly increased lactate infusion rate indicates an enhanced lactate flux by DCA. To determine whether the increased lactate infusion by DCA reflected reduced endogenous lactate production, lactate production was measured. The results indicate that endogenous lactate production was not affected by DCA. In conclusion, the lactate clamp provides a sensitive and reliable method to assess lactate utilization in vivo, a dynamic measurement that may not be clearly demonstrated by blood lactate concentrations per se.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Pharmacology Unit, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Summit, New Jersey 07901, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Dunning
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Foley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001835:Body Weight; D003999:Dichloroacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005215:Fasting; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007773:Lactates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007773:Lactates; D003999:Dichloroacetic Acid