title: Physiological and molecular biological characterization of ammonia oxidation of the heterotrophic nitrifier Pseudomonas putida.
abstract: The heterotrophic nitrifier Pseudomonas putida aerobically oxidized ammonia to hydroxylamine, nitrite, and nitrate. Product formation was accompanied by a small but significant release of NO, whereas N2O evolution could not be detected under the assay conditions employed. The isolate reduced nitrate to nitrite and partially further to NO under anaerobic conditions. Aerobically grown cells utilized gamma-aminobutyrate as a carbon source and as a N-source by ammonification. The physiological experiments, in particular the inhibition pattern by C2H2, indicated that P. putida expressed an ammonia monooxigenase. DNA-hybridization with an amoA gene probe coding for the smaller subunit of the ammonia monooxigenase of Nitrosomonas europaea allowed us to identify, to clone, and to sequence a region with an open reading frame showing distinct sequence similarities to the amoA gene of autotrophic ammonia oxidizers.
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institut für Atmosphärische Umweltforschung, Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, D-82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daum
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Papen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kloos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nawrath
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bothe
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D019811:Hydroxylamine / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016958:Pseudomonas putida / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D019811:Hydroxylamine; D000641:Ammonia; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C045582:ammonia monooxygenase