title: Laboratory evaluation of adhesively crimped surgical ball hooks.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the addition of sandblasting and/or dental adhesive on the stability of the crimpable hook when positioned and crimped onto surgical arch wires. Ninety crimpable ball hooks were divided into six test groups: crimp only; apply Panavia 21 and crimp; apply C & B Metabond and crimp; sandblast and crimp; sandblast, apply Panavia 21, and crimp; and sandblast, apply C & B Metabond, and crimp. Each hook was treated according to the criteria of the relevant test group and then crimped to the arch wire. The force required to dislodge each hook from the arch wire was measured. The results demonstrated that sandblasting caused a significant increase in the force required to dislodge the crimped hook. The addition of either Panavia 21 or C & B Metabond adhesives also resulted in a significant increase in the required dislodging force. The force required to dislodge the hook was increased by a factor of 10 where sandblasting and Panavia 21 were applied. The same increase was observed where C & B Metabond was applied, without sandblasting. However, it was concluded that the use of Panavia 21, together with an intraoral sandblasting machine, would be more appropriate in the clinical setting, primarily due to the ease of use associated with Panavia 21.
authors.affiliation: Regional Orthodontic Department, St James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ferracane
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001896:Boron Compounds; D003722:Dental Alloys; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D010710:Phosphates; D019279:Resin Cements; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D003722:Dental Alloys; D008689:Methacrylates; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; C093719:Panavia TPN-S; D010710:Phosphates; D019279:Resin Cements; C049495:Super-bond; D000537:Aluminum Oxide