title: Urinary albumin excretion rate and glomerular filtration rate in single-kidney type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of single-kidney type 2 diabetic patients (SKD) and of single-kidney non-diabetic patients (SKN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had only one kidney for at least 5 years, with no renal disease or hypertension at the time of the nephrectomy and with no calculus or systemic disease at the time of the evaluation, were included in this controlled cross-sectional study A total of 20 SKD (8 men, age 62 +/- 9 years; diabetes duration 8.5 +/- 7 years), 17 SKN (2 men, age 57 +/- 13 years), and 184 type 2 diabetic patients who were matched to the single-kidney diabetic group for age, sex, and BMI were studied. UAER was measured by immunoturbidimetry in timed 24-h sterile urine, and GFR was determined by the 51Cr-EDTA single-injection method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SKD patients presented a higher proportion (8 of 20, 40%) of microalbuminuria (UAER 20-200 microg/min) than SKN patients (3 of 17, 17.6%) and type 2 diabetic patients (37 of 184, 20%). SKD patients presented a higher proportion of macroalbuminuria (UAER >200 microg/min; 6 of 20, 30%) than SKN patients (1 of 17, 6%) but were similar to type 2 diabetic patients (43 of 184, 23%). The GFRs of normoalbuminuric SKN (71.7 +/- 21.4 ml x min(-1) x 1.73 m(-2)) and SKD patients (73.0 +/- 21.5 ml x min(-1) x 1.73 m(-2)) were similar but higher than the one-kidney GFR (GFR / 2) of the age-, sex-, and BMI-matched normal individuals (50.5 +/- 9.0 ml x min(-1) x 1.73 m(-2)) and normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients (54.0 +/- 11.6 ml x min(-1) x 1.73 m(-2)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased GFR related to single-kidney status confers an increased risk of developing renal disease in the presence of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Silveiro
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000652:urine*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D019270:Fructosamine / Q000097:blood; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D019270:Fructosamine