title: Calculation of backscatter factors for diagnostic radiology using Monte Carlo methods.
abstract: Backscatter factors were determined for x-ray beams relevant to diagnostic radiology using Monte Carlo methods. The phantom size considered most suitable for calibration of dosimeters is a cuboid of 30 x 30 cm2 front surface and 15 cm depth. This phantom size also provides a good approximation to adult patients. Three different media were studied: water, PMMA and ICRU tissue; the source geometry was a point source with varying field size and source-to-phantom distance. The variations of the backscatter factor with phantom medium and field geometry were examined. From the obtained data, a set of backscatter factors was selected and proposed for adoption as a standard set for the calibration of dosimeters to be used to measure diagnostic reference doses.
authors.affiliation: GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Petoussi-Henss
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zankl
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Drexler
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Panzer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Regulla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002138:Calibration; D006801:Humans; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D011859:Radiography; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014867:Water; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate