title: Defective production of both leukemia inhibitory factor and type 2 T-helper cytokines by decidual T cells in unexplained recurrent abortions.
abstract: Leukemia inhibitory factor is essential for embryo implantation, and a shift from type 1 T-helper to type 2 T-helper response at the fetal-maternal interface may contribute to successful pregnancy. We show that LIF production is associated with type 2 T-helper cells, is upregulated by IL-4 and progesterone and is downregulated by IL-12, IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha. We also show a decreased production of LIF, IL-4 and IL-10 by decidual T cells of women with unexplained recurrent abortions in comparison with that of women with normal gestation. The defective production of LIF and/or type 2 T-helper cytokines may contribute to the development of unexplained recurrent abortions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Internal Medicine and Immunoallergology, University of Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Piccinni
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beloni
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Livi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maggi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scarselli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Romagnani
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003656:Decidua; D005260:Female; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D015850:Interleukin-6; C507837:LIF protein, human; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D008222:Lymphokines; D015847:Interleukin-4; D011374:Progesterone