title: [Importance of radiotherapy in stereotactic conditions (radiosurgery) in brain metastasis: experience and results of the Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière Group].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Retrospective analysis of the influence of clinical and technical factors on local control and survival after radiosurgery for brain metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1994 to December 1996, 42 patients presenting with 71 metastases underwent radiosurgery for brain metastasis. The median age was 56 years and the median Karnofsky index 80. Primary sites included: lung (20 patients), kidney (seven), breast (five), colon (two), melanoma (three), osteosarcoma (one) and it was unknown for three patients. Seventeen patients had extracranial metastasis. Twenty-four patients were treated at recurrence which occurred after whole brain irradiation (12 patients), surgical excision (four) or after both treatments (eight). Thirty-six sessions of radiosurgery have been realized for one metastasis and 13 for two, three or four lesions. The median metastasis diameter was 21 mm and the median volume 1.7 cm3. The median peripheral dose to the lesion was 14 Gy, and the median dose at the isocenter 20 Gy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-five metastases were evaluable for response analysis. The overall local control rate was 82% and the 1-year actuarial rate was 72%. In univariate analysis, theoretical radioresistance (P = 0.001), diameter less than 3 cm (P = 0.039) and initial treatment with radiosurgery (P = 0.041) were significantly associated with increased local control. Only the first two factors remained significant in multivariate analysis. No prognostic factor of overall survival was identified. The median survival was 12 months. Six patients had a symptomatic oedema (RTOG grade 2), only one of which requiring a surgical excision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, 14 Gy delivered at the periphery of metastasis seems to be a sufficient dose to control most brain metastases, with a minimal toxicity. Better results were obtained for lesions initially treated with radiosurgery, theoretically radioresistant and with a diameter less than 3 cm.
authors.affiliation: Service de radiothérapie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feuvret
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Germain
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cornu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boisserie
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dormont
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hardiman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tep
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Faillot
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duffau
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dendale
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Delattre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poisson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marsault
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Philippon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fohanno
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baillet
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mazeron
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000556:secondary; D008875:Middle Aged; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies