title: Cognitive factors differentiating attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder with and without a comorbid mood disorder.
abstract: Mood disorders and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) co-occur in 20-30% of children and adolescents diagnosed in both epidemiological and clinical studies, but little information is available regarding cognitive factors that may be relevant to the expression of co-occurring mood disorders and ADHD. This study examined whether ADHD with and without a comorbid mood disorder could be differentiated on the basis of cognitive factors associated with prominent theories of depression. Children meeting diagnostic criteria for ADHD (n = 14) or ADHD and a comorbid mood disorder (n = 27) were assessed on a variety of cognitive indices. Children in the comorbid group reported more negative views of themselves and a more depressogenic attributional style. Cognitive disturbances associated with A. T. Beck's (1967) cognitive model and attributional style theories of depression differentiate ADHD children with significant mood pathology.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins U.
authors.forename: Kristen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: Caryn L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: Bruno J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Anthony
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male