title: Erx, a novel retina-specific homeodomain transcription factor, can interact with Ret 1/PCEI sites.
abstract: Our previous studies on the transcriptional regulation of rod opsin gene expression had defined a strikingly conserved element, Ret 1/PCEI, present in the upstream regulatory regions of opsin and other photoreceptor-specific genes. This element interacts with a 40 kDa, developmentally regulated, retina-specific protein. In this study we report the cloning of the novel retina-specific homeodomain protein Erx. Erx contains a homeodomain that is 79% homologous to that of Drosophila empty spiracles. This 40 kDa protein can interact with the Ret 1 element in electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Mutation of key residues in Ret 1 eliminates all Erx binding. Transient transfection of Y79 retinobalstoma cells with Erx leads to significant transcriptional activation of a reporter gene via Ret 1 elements. We conclude that Erx is the Ret 1 binding activity. This is the first example of a Q50 homeodomain protein expressed in retinal photoreceptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Barnstable
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C114586:Erx protein, rat; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors