title: Osmotic regulation of the heat shock response in primary rat hepatocytes.
abstract: The influence of cell hydration and taurine on the heat shock response was studied in primary rat hepatocytes. Heat-induced accumulation of inducible heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) mRNA and protein was increased under hypo-osmotic conditions. In contrast, hyper-osmotic exposure blocked the HSP70 response during an 8-hour recovery, and this was paralleled by a reduction of overall protein synthesis and an impairment of thermotolerance. Taurine counteracted the hyper-osmotic inhibition of heat-induced HSP70 expression, but increased overall protein synthesis only slightly. A rapid and transient activation of the stress-activated protein kinase, JNK-2, was triggered by hyper-osmolarity, whereas the JNK-2 response to hypo-osmolarity was delayed. JNK-2 activation in response to heat was suppressed by hypo-osmolarity, but was markedly increased under hyper-osmotic conditions. The latter effect was blocked by taurine. A pronounced induction of the mRNA for the MAP-kinase phosphatase, MKP-1, in response to heat was observed during hypo- and normo-osmolarity, but no MKP-1 induction was found under hyper-osmotic conditions, although hyper-osmolarity itself led to accumulation of small levels of MKP-1 mRNA. Also, the block of heat-induced MKP-1 mRNA expression by hyper-osmolarity was abolished in the presence of taurine. The data provide evidence for a role of cellular hydration and taurine in the protection of liver parenchymal cells against heat injury via regulation of HSP70 expression and the balance between JNK-2 and MKP-1 activity.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kurz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schliess
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Häussinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006358:Hot Temperature; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007930:Leucine / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D048056:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011494:Protein Kinases; D048056:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; C517021:Dusp1 protein, rat; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D007930:Leucine