title: Troglitazone reduces plasma leptin concentration but increases hunger in NIDDM patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Troglitazone, which improves peripheral insulin resistance of experimental diabetic animals and diabetic patients, affects ob gene expression in the adipose tissue of rodents. The present study was undertaken to examine a hypothesis that clinical administration of troglitazone may reduce circulating leptin levels and affect eating behavior in NIDDM patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Troglitazone was administered at a dosage of 200 mg twice daily for 12 weeks in 20 poorly controlled NIDDM patients. Chronological changes in glycemic control, serum lipids, immunoreactive leptin (IRL) levels, and BMI were measured. Body fat weight was also assessed by bioelectric impedance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Troglitazone significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose, serum immunoreactive insulin, and HbA1c levels. Serum levels of IRL and triglyceride were significantly reduced by troglitazone administered for 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Troglitazone administration significantly increased the BMI in NIDDM patients, and two-thirds of the patients complained of increased hunger after the start of troglitazone administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Troglitazone significantly reduces circulating leptin levels at clinical doses. It may affect the eating behavior of poorly controlled NIDDM patients through the improvement of glycemic control and/or the reduction of circulating leptin.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan. hshimizu@sb.gunma-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002839:Chromans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger / Q000187:drug effects*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D020738:Leptin; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077288:Troglitazone
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002839:Chromans; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D020738:Leptin; D008055:Lipids; D011506:Proteins; D013844:Thiazoles; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077288:Troglitazone