title: Upregulation of retinal vascular endothelial growth factor mRNAs in spontaneously diabetic rats without ophthalmoscopic retinopathy. A possible participation of advanced glycation end products in the development of the early phase of diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has recently been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. However, its involvement in the development of the early phase of diabetic retinopathy is not fully understood. In this study we investigated the retinal VEGF mRNA level in spontaneously diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats, a model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes, without overt retinopathy, using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The retinal VEGF mRNA level was 2.2 times higher (p < 0.0005) in OLETF rats than in control rats at the age of 60 weeks. Moreover, their retinal mRNA level was positively correlated with serum concentration of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) but not to serum glucose concentration. Furthermore, the peak latency of the oscillatory potentials in the electroretinogram, one of the most sensitive markers for the early phase of diabetic retinopathy, was significantly prolonged in OLETF rats (p < 0.05), being also correlated with the serum AGE concentration. The results thus suggest that AGEs, which are formed acceleratedly in diabetic conditions, are involved in the development of the early phase of diabetic retinopathy probably through the induction of retinal VEGF mRNAs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Segawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shirao
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higashide
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katsuno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iyobe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahira
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Souno
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Segawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D004596:Electroretinography; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000502:physiology; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics*; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D020334:Rats, Inbred OLETF; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D008222:Lymphokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors