title: Managed care and eye services to diabetic patients: a study of participant behavior.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Effective managed care requires the active participation of health professionals and patients alike. The essential elements in management of diabetes involve well-defined professional clinical protocols, adequate patient education, and adherence to these management guidelines by all parties. This study was designed to evaluate how well the involved parties cooperate in this endeavor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Health plan records were searched for identified diabetic patients. This information was cross-referenced to vision care claims information. Clinical records of diabetic patients who had an eye examination during the study period were peer-reviewed for evidence of a diabetes notation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 2825 diabetic patients identified, we obtained the clinical eye records of 554 for review. Seventy percent of those records noted the presence of diabetes. Ninety-seven percent of the eye examinations included a funds evaluation. Only 56% of records noted any patient education or-- at a minimum--notations about recall advice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The nature of diabetes requires that health professionals be more aggressive in the management of individuals at risk or diagnosed with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Block Vision, Inc. Managed Care Division, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gaudette
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hogan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D015438:Health Behavior; D006282:Health Personnel; D006296:Health Services / Q000592:standards*; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D008329:Managed Care Programs / Q000592:standards*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic