title: Effect of 8-iso prostaglandin E2 on aqueous humor dynamics in monkeys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of 8-iso prostaglandin E2 (8-iso PGE2; prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid,11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxo-,[5Z,8beta-11X,13E,15 S]-) on the intraocular pressure (IOP), outflow facility, and aqueous humor flow rates in normal monkeys and monkeys with glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The IOP was measured before and as long as 6 hours after the topical application of 8-iso PGE2 to 1 eye of 6 normal monkeys and to the glaucomatous eye of 8 monkeys with unilateral laser-induced glaucoma. The pupil diameter was measured at the same times as the IOP measurements in the normal monkeys. Tonographic outflow facility and fluorophotometric flow rates of aqueous humor were measured in 6 normal monkeys before and after drug treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In normal monkeys, a single dose of 0.1% 8-iso PGE2 reduced (P<.01) the IOP for 4 hours in the treated eyes with a maximum (mean +/- SEM) reduction of 3.2 +/- 0.2 mm Hg, compared with the contralateral control eyes. The pupil size was smaller (P<.01) in the treated eyes by as much as 1.0 +/- 0.2 mm for 4 hours. In 8 glaucomatous monkey eyes, the application of 0.05% and 0.1% 8-iso PGE2 reduced the IOP (P<.01) for as long as 2 and 5 hours, respectively. The maximum reduction in the IOP was 4.6 +/- 0.8 mm Hg (0.05%) and 6.0 +/- 0.8 mm Hg (0.1%) compared with baseline measurements. The magnitude and duration of the ocular hypotensive effect were enhanced with twice-a-day administration for 5 consecutive days. Outflow facility in normal monkey eyes was increased (P<.05) by 48% in the treated eyes, and aqueous humor flow was unchanged (P>.10), compared with vehicle-treated contralateral control eyes. Mild eyelid edema, conjunctival edema, hyperemia, and discharge appeared in some eyes treated with the 0.1% drug concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of 8-iso PGE2 reduces the IOP in both normal and glaucomatous monkey eyes. An increase in outflow facility appears to account for most of the IOP reduction in normal monkeys.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The application of 8-iso PGE2 may have potential for the treatment of glaucoma as an outflow facility-increasing drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: P Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Mittag
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Podos
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Serle
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015590:Fluorophotometry; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D028421:Isoprostanes; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D014129:Trabecular Meshwork / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D028421:Isoprostanes; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D015232:Dinoprostone; C011987:8-isoprostaglandin E2