title: Spinal intrathecal actinomycosis: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Actinomycosis of the central nervous system is a rare disease that most frequently forms cerebral abscesses. In the present report, we describe an extremely rare case of spinal intrathecal actinomycosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 33-year-old man presented with high fever followed by back pain and paraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium-diethylene-triamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA) enhancement (Gd-MRI) displayed an irregularly enhanced mass lesion at the thoraco-lumbar junction that mimicked an intramedullary tumor with exophytic growth. Surgical exploration 7 months after the onset of the high fever revealed intrathecal granulation tissue with small abscess formation. Another surgical exploration was carried out 2 months after the first operation because the patient developed progressive paraparesis and showed an intrathecal ring-like enhancement that was detected with Gd-MRI. Actinomyces organisms were finally identified histologically in the surgical specimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical course and serial changes of Gd-MRI findings are important considerations when this rare and infectious spinal lesion is suspected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Hokkaido, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ushikoshi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Koyanagi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology