title: [Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (antiGAD-Ab) in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of markers of autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  127 hospitalized NIDDM patients subdivided to the following subgroups: non-obese with C-peptide < 0.3 nmol/l (NIDDM-(-)), non-obese with C-peptide > 0.3 nmol/l (NIDDM-(+)), obese with C-peptide < 0.3 nmol/l (NIDDM+(-)) and obese with C-peptide > 0.3 nmol/l (NIDDM2+). METHODS AND MEASURED PARAMETERS: Age, BMI, C-peptide, autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (antiGAD-Ab), autoantibodies to islet cells (ICA), markers of specific cellular immunity CD4, CD8, CD19, CD4/CD8, CD4/CD45/RA+, CD4/CD45/RA-, NK (CD16+56), CD3/HLADR, organ specific/non-specific autoantibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AntiGAD-Ab were positive in 5/15 (33.3%) NIDDM-(-), 1/32 (3.1%) NIDDM-(+), 2/9 (22.2%) NIDDM+(-) and in 3/71 (4.2%) NIDDM2+. The positivity of antiGAD-Ab in NIDDM-(-) and NIDDM+(-) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in NIDDM-(+) and NIDDM2+.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some patients with manifestation of diabetes in older age initially classified and treated as having NIDDM may have in fact slowly evolving autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (LADA). These patients can be identified by measurement of antiGAD-Ab or other markers (ICA, IA-2) of autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells (AID). Moreover, in some patients both AID and insulin resistance may coexist in parallel.
authors.affiliation: I. interná klinika, JLF UK a MFN, Martin.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martinka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Straková
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ocenásová
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pullmannová
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petrisková
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mácková
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sutarík
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galajda
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baláz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kerný
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vladár
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mokán
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D002096:C-Peptide; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase