title: The role of morpho-volumetric and memory correlations in the diagnosis of early Alzheimer dementia.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess selective atrophy of the temporal lobe and amygdala in the early stages of Alzheimer dementia (AD). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements and the presence of highsignal lesions (HSL) were analysed in 31 patients with mild to moderate probable AD and 22 controls. In the AD group, MRI findings were compared with cognitive variables and specific features of memory functions. Alzheimer patients showed a significant reduction in volumetric measurement compared with controls in the total volume (P < 0.01), temporal lobe (P < 0.01) and amygdala (P < 0.05). The temporal lobe/brain volume ratio was also significantly reduced in AD subjects (P < 0.05). Atrophy of temporal structures was significantly related to the degree of episodic and semantic memory impairment according to a material-specific effect. No significant correlations between amygdala and cognitive variables were found. The results of our study confirm the usefulness of measures of temporal lobe atrophy assessed with MRI in the diagnosis of AD. In contrast, HSL are relatively common in AD patients (12/31 cases) and were not related to volumetric findings, severity of dementia or functional disability.
authors.affiliation: I.R.C.C.S. Neurologico C. Mondino, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mauri
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sibilla
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bono
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Carlesimo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sinforiani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martelli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000679:Amygdala / Q000473:pathology*; D001284:Atrophy / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology*