title: Transcatheter occlusion of atrial septal defects: an initial experience with the Amplatzer septal occluder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss the initial experience with the use of a new double disc occluding device, the Amplatzer septal occluder in transcatheter occlusion of secundum atrial septal defects (ASD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Transvenous sizing of secundum ASD was performed in five children under general anaesthesia using transoesophageal echocardiographic and fluoroscopic guidance. An Amplatzer septal occluder equal to or minimally larger than the stretched diameter of the ASD was used for transcatheter occlusion of the defect in three suitable patients. Pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty with a 18 mm x 3 cm Mansfield balloon catheter was carried out in one patient with associated pulmonary valvar stenosis in the same procedure setting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stretched diameters of the defects in the three patients ranged from 14 to 17 mm. Devices of sizes 14, 17 and 17 were deployed through 7F and 8F sheaths, respectively. The upper and lower rims of interatrial septum were more than 8 mm in all patients. All patients had successful occlusion with complete obliteration of the atrial left to right shunting. Simultaneous pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty for the valvar stenosis reduced pressure gradient from 53 mmHg to 22 mmHg across the valve prior to septal occlusion in one patient. No intraprocedural or short-term complication was encountered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The design of the Amplatzer septal occluder permits ease in loading, delivery, deployment and stable seating of the device. This initial experience shows that Amplatzer device occlusion is feasible, relatively safe and effective and appears to be a viable alternative to surgical closure of secundum atrial septal defects in properly selected patients.
authors.affiliation: Singapore Baby & Child Clinic, Gleneagles Medical Centre, Singapore.
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Godman
mesh_terms: D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018579:Patient Selection; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D016896:Treatment Outcome