title: The effect of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 in intraperitoneal adhesion formation in a mouse model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intraperitoneal adhesions are a significant cause of morbidity among women of reproductive age. Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 plays a role in the chemotaxis of mononuclear cells and fibroblasts into the peritoneal injury site. To evaluate its role in intraperitoneal adhesion formation, we used an established postsurgical adhesion model in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgical adhesions in mice were induced by scraping and crushing peritoneal sites. We analyzed the injury sites for the temporal expression of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 messenger ribonucleic acid and cellular infiltration at 12 to 24 hours across 10 days and evaluated the effects of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and anti-monocyte chemotactic protein 1 neutralizing antibody on adhesion formation. On induction of adhesions animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: (1) control, (2) nonspecific immunoglobulin G, (3) monocyte chemotactic protein 1, (4) anti-monocyte chemotactic protein 1 antibody. Animals received daily intraperitoneal injections for 6 days. Adhesions were scored on day 14 and immunostained for fibroblasts and macrophages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adhesions developed consistently by the fifth postoperative day. We detected an increase in monocyte chemotactic protein 1 messenger ribonucleic acid expression at 48 hours; this remained until the fourth postoperative day. By the second day macrophages were present at the injury site. Animals treated with anti-monocyte chemotactic protein 1 antibody had significantly fewer adhesions develop than did the other three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that monocyte chemotactic protein 1 may play a role in adhesion formation. Inhibiting the action of this chemokine may help to prevent adhesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8063, USA.
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Zeyneloglu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Seli
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Senturk
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Olive
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arici
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010532:Peritoneal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D012333:RNA, Messenger