title: Pattern of left ventricular filling in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Assessment by Doppler echocardiography and radionuclide angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The left ventricle in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is anatomically and functionally non-uniform. This study was undertaken to verify whether a heterogeneity in the pattern of diastolic filling can be detected along the left ventricular inflow tract in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Early (E) and late (A) diastolic velocities were recorded by Doppler echocardiography at mitral and at mid-ventricular level in 16 normal volunteers and 30 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy also underwent radionuclide angiography to assess left ventricular function. E wave decreased significantly in normal volunteers (80 +/- 15 to 60 +/- 14 cm x s(-1); P<0.001), but it increased in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (76 +/- 22 to 87 +/- 28 cm x s(-1) P=0.04), whereas the A wave decreased similarly in both. By multivariate analysis, systolic asynchrony and the ejection fraction of left ventricular lateral wall were directly related to the pattern of early filling progression (r=0.656, F=9.467; P<0.002). Moreover, systolic asynchrony showed a univariate direct correlation with changes in E velocity (r=0.42; P=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have an acceleration of filling within the left ventricular inflow tract; this phenomenon is directly related to systolic asynchrony and ejection fraction of the left ventricular lateral wall, suggesting increased suction.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Federico II University School of Medicine, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Losi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Betocchi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manganelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Briguori
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ciampi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perrone-Filardi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pace
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvatore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiariello
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D003971:Diastole; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011875:Radionuclide Angiography; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left