title: Hemodynamic effects of transurethral alprostadil measured by color duplex ultrasonography in men with erectile dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the hemodynamic effects of transurethral alprostadil in 21 patients with erectile dysfunction using color duplex ultrasonography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Penile arterial diameter, peak flow velocity and end diastolic velocity were compared following intraurethral administration of 500 microg. alprostadil and intracavernosal injection of 10 microg. alprostadil.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A dose of 500 microg. transurethral alprostadil resulted in significant increases in corporeal blood flow comparable to those achieved with intracavernosal injection of 10 microg. alprostadil as measured by duplex ultrasonography in men with erectile dysfunction. Transurethral alprostadil resulted in statistically significant increases in arterial diameter and peak flow velocity comparable to those achieved with intracavernosal injection. End diastolic velocities were higher after transurethral alprostadil than intracavernosal injections. Color ultrasonography following transurethral alprostadil showed arterial and venous hyperemia of the corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa. Furthermore, color ultrasonography revealed communicating vessels between the corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa following administration of transurethral alprostadil.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The visualization of communicating vessels between the corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa after transurethral alprostadil suggests local mechanisms of drug transfer from one to the other. In addition to potential clinical benefits, transurethral alprostadil may be useful to visualize the vascular anatomy of the penis and to test for patient responsiveness to local vasoactive agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, VIVUS, Inc., Mountain View, California, USA.
authors.forename: P Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poppiti
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gesundheit
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Padma-Nathan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000527:Alprostadil