title: Effect of trifluoromethyl ketone-based elastase inhibitors on neutrophil function in vitro.
abstract: Neutrophils release elastase, which is known secondarily to cause tissue damage. However, it is rapidly inactivated by the endogenous alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha1Pi). Nevertheless, under pathological conditions, alpha1i is inactivated by oxidants released from neutrophils, resulting in an excess of elastase at the site of inflammation. This elastase/alpha1Pi imbalance has been implicated as a pathogenic factor in cystic fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and emphysema. Elastase inhibitors, which do not interfere with the microbicidal activity of neutrophils and are resistant to neutrophil-released oxidants, would undoubtedly represent an important advance in the management of neutrophil-mediated tissue injury. We report that a new family of elastase inhibitors ICI200355 and ZD0892 was found to be resistant toward superoxide, hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and peroxynitrite mediated degradation as well as having no effect on the formation of these oxidants by activated neutrophils. More importantly, we found that these inhibitors did not interfere with the ability of human neutrophils to phagocytose and to kill Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion, a new potent class of elastase inhibitors, while blocking the effects of neutrophil elastase, was found not to impede various physiological functions of human neutrophils, in particular the ability of these phagocytic cells to phagocytose and kill bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Y I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Surichamorn
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pou
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Salcedo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strimpler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Veale
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bonuccelli
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D009842:Oligopeptides; D011758:Pyrroles; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D013449:Sulfonamides; C114412:ZD 0892; C069366:ICI 200355; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate