Identification of a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 distinct from group M and group O.
A highly divergent HIV-1 isolate, designated YBF 30, was obtained in 1995 from a 40-year-old Cameroonian woman with AIDS. Depending on the genes studied, phylogenetic analysis showed that YBF30 branched either with SIVcpz-gab or between SIVcpz-gab and HIV-1 group M. The structural genes and tat, vpr, and nef of YBF30 are approximately equidistant from those of HIV-1 group M and SIVcpz-gab. In contrast, vif and rev are closer to HIV-1 group M, and vpu is highly divergent. Using a YBF30 V3 loop peptide enzyme immunoassay, we screened 700 HIV-1-positive sera collected in Cameroon; three reacted strongly with the YBF30 peptides and one was confirmed as being related to YBF30 by genetic analysis of a pol fragment. YBF30 is as distinct from SIVcpz-gab as it is from HIV-1 group M and can thus be considered as the prototype strain of a new human immunodeficiency virus group.
Simon
F
F
Laboratoire de virologie, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France. francois.simon@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr
Mauclère
P
P
Roques
P
P
Loussert-Ajaka
I
I
Müller-Trutwin
M C
MC
Saragosti
S
S
Georges-Courbot
M C
MC
Barré-Sinoussi
F
F
Brun-Vézinet
F
F
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics
D004279:DNA, Viral; D019713:Receptors, CCR5