title: Anti-prolactin autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with associated hyperprolactinemia.
abstract: Hyperprolactinemia has been found in a subset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. In order to explore whether antibodies to prolactin (PRL) play a role in SLE patients with associated hyperprolactinemia, we performed a cross-sectional study in which 259 consecutive SLE patients were tested for hyperprolactinemia and anti-prolactin autoantibodies. Forty-one (15.8%) had prolactin levels above the norm. The frequency of anti-PRL autoantibodies in hyperprolactinemia was 2/14 (14.3%). In the SLE patients with 'idiopathic hyperprolactinemia', 11/27 (40.7 %) had anti-PRL antibodies. The levels of serum PRL were significantly higher in patients with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia and anti-PRL autoantibody compared to the patients with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia who were anti-PRL autoantibody-negative. Patients with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia and anti-PRL autoantibody had relatively low SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores and significantly different laboratory parameters compared to those with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia and no anti-PRL antibody. There was a significant correlation between titers of the anti-PRL autoantibody and serum PRL levels (rs = 0.98, P = 0.0001). These data suggest that anti-PRL antibodies could be the cause of hyperprolactinemia in a subset of SLE patients, especially those with particularly high serum prolactin levels with a diagnosis of 'idiopathic hyperprolactinemia'. The patients with anti-PRL antibody had fewer clinical manifestations and less serological activity, indicating that biological activity of PRL was attenuated by the autoantibody.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Unit, Hospital de Pediatria, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, México, DF, México.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leaños
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pascoe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fraga
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blanco-Favela
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015551:Autoimmunity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000276:immunology*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D011388:Prolactin