title: Perfluoropolyethers in the prevention of irritant contact dermatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) are non-reactive perfluorinated (no hydrogen atoms) liquid polymers that showed promise as ingredients of protective preparations in occupational dermatology.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate if oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions containing 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0% PFPEs (molecular weight 6,250 D) prevent epidermal barrier disruption induced by a repetitive irritation test (RIT).
  
  
  METHODS
  PFPE-containing o/w emulsions and the emulsion base alone were evaluated against a set of 4 irritants [10% sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), 0.5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 15% lactic acid (LA), and undiluted toluene (TOL)] in the RIT. Ten subjects were tested on the paravertebral skin of the mid-back. Irritation was assessed by visual scoring, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and colorimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the emulsion base and all PFPE-containing preparations significantly suppressed irritation by SLS and NaOH. Against LA and TOL, only the 4% PFPE-containing preparation was significant as assessed by TEWL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 4% PFPE-containing o/w emulsion significantly inhibits irritation due to a wide spectrum of hydrophilic and lipophilic irritants. o/w emulsions with lower concentrations of PFPE are also effective against SLS and NaOH, but this is also true for the cream base alone. Therefore, further studies are necessary to evaluate if a minimum of 4% PFPE in the base provides additional benefit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elsner
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wigger-Alberti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pantini
mesh_terms: D002424:Caustics / Q000009:adverse effects; D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004655:Emulsions; D004890:Erythema / Q000517:prevention & control; D004987:Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007509:Irritants / Q000009:adverse effects; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012880:Skin Pigmentation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012882:Skin Tests; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000009:adverse effects; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D014050:Toluene / Q000009:adverse effects; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002424:Caustics; D004655:Emulsions; D004987:Ethers; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D007509:Irritants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C078113:perfluoropolyether; D019344:Lactic Acid; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D014050:Toluene; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide