title: Import of radiation phenomena of electrons and therapeutic low-level laser in regard to the mitochondrial energy transfer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors describe a consistent theoretical model of the cellular energy transfer (respiratory chain) by taking into consideration the radiation phenomena of electrons and therapeutic low level laser.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Biochemical models of the cellular energy transfer regard the classical corpuscular aspect of electrons as the responsible energy carriers, thereby ignoring the wave-particle dualism of the electrons and the import of radiation energy in this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors show the influence of radiation phenomena on the cellular energy transfer, explaining consistently some of the intermediate steps of this complex process.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Because of the inherent wave-particle dualism of the electrons, it is appropriate to regard radiation phenomena to explain the cellular energy transfer. The classical biochemical models use only the particle part of the electrons as energy carriers. The connection between energy transport by radiation and the order in structures may be understood if, for instance, structurally bound energy is released during the dissolution of structures (oxidation of foodstuffs) or is again manifested (final reduction of oxygen to water). With a attention to the energy values relevant for the respiratory chain, the import of electromagnetic radiation of characteristic ranges of wavelengths on the cellular energy transfer becomes evident. Depending on its wavelength, electromagnetic radiation in the form of light can stimulate macromolecules and can initiate conformation changes in proteins or can transfer energy to electrons. Low level laser from the red and the near infrared region corresponds well with the characteristic energy and absorption levels of the relevant components of the respiratory chain. This laser stimulation vitalizes the cell by increasing the mitochondrial ATP(adenosine-tri-phosphate)-production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With regard to radiation phenomena and its inhanced electron flow in the cellular energy transfer (respiratory chain), it is possible to explain the experimentally found increase of ATP-production by means of low-level laser light on a cellular level. Intense research for this biostimulative effect is still necessary.
authors.affiliation: Center of Low Level Laser Therapy, Bad Füssing, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wilden
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karthein
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004735:Energy Transfer / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007259:Infrared Rays; D007834:Lasers; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D055585:Physical Phenomena; D010825:Physics; D011487:Protein Conformation / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase