Mx1-based resistance to thogoto virus in A2G mice is bypassed in tick-mediated virus delivery.
The interferon-induced mouse Mx1 protein has intrinsic antiviral activity against orthomyxoviruses, including Thogoto virus. Thus, Mx1(+) A2G mice are apparently resistant to infection following needle- or tick-borne virus challenge. However, tick-borne challenge and, to a lesser degree, injection of virus mixed with tick salivary gland extract resulted in virus transmission to uninfected ticks feeding on the A2G mice. The data indicate that immunomodulatory components in tick saliva can overcome a natural antiviral mechanism.
Dessens
J T
JT
Institute of Virology and Environmental Microbiology, Oxford OX1 3SR, United Kingdom.
Nuttall
P A
PA
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D001096:Arachnid Vectors; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D051379:Mice; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000635:transmission; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D018117:Thogotovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D013987:Ticks / Q000821:virology*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; C579070:Mx1 protein, mouse; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins