title: Milk and other dietary influences on coronary heart disease.
abstract: While dietary links to ischemic heart disease (IHD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality have been studied for many years, the correlation has not clearly been resolved, especially for older populations. In this paper, a multi-country statistical approach involving 32 countries is used to find dietary links to IHD and CHD for various age groups aged 35+. For IHD, milk carbohydrates were found to have the highest statistical association for males aged 35+ and females aged 65+, while for females aged 35-64, sugar was found to have the highest association. In the case of CHD, non-fat milk was found to have the highest association for males aged 45+ and females aged 75+, while for females 65-74, milk carbohydrates and sugar had the highest associations, and for females aged 45-64, sugar had the highest association. A number of mechanisms have been proposed in the literature that might explain the milk carbohydrate or non-fat milk association. One of the most prominent theories is that animal proteins contribute to homocysteine (Hcy) production; however, milk more than meat lacks adequate B vitamins to convert Hcy to useful products. Lactose and calcium in conjunction with Hcy from consumption of non-fat milk may also contribute to calcification of the arteries.
authors.affiliation: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va., USA. wbgrant@norfolk.infi.net
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Grant
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000209:etiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000009:adverse effects; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000009:adverse effects; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D002118:Calcium