title: Applications of the KTP laser in the treatment of posterior urethral valves, ureteroceles, and urethral strictures in the pediatric patient.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We describes our experience using the potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP)-532 laser in treating posterior urethral valves, ureteroceles, and urethral strictures in the pediatric patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was performed from 1987 to 1997 on a total of 33 pediatric patients who underwent retrograde endoscopic treatment for posterior urethral valves (PUV), ureteroceles (UC), and urethral strictures using a KTP-532 laser.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, our success rate was excellent in the treatment of valves and ureteroceles. With a mean follow-up of three years in the PUV group, no urethral strictures of micturation abnormalities were seen. The majority of ureteroceles were decompressed and only half of our patients required and additional procedure. Our experience with urethral strictures, however, was not as promising. All of these patients ultimately required open urethral reconstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The desirable thermal characteristics of the KTP laser, along with minimal complications and the availability of delicate pediatric endoscopic instruments have made this operation optimally suited for treating posterior urethral valves and ureteroceles in infants. However, the advantages for treating urethral strictures in children with the laser still remains to be established.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of California, Irvine College of Medicine-UCI Medical Center, Orange, USA.
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Gholdoian
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thayer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hald
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rajpoot
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Shanberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D010710:Phosphates; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014518:Ureterocele / Q000601:surgery*; D014521:Urethra / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D014524:Urethral Obstruction / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; C064806:potassium titanylphosphate; D014025:Titanium