title: Experimental rationale for treatment of high-risk human melanoma with zinc chloride fixative paste. Increased resistance to tumor challenge in murine melanoma model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fixed-tissue micrographic surgery (Mohs) of melanoma has been shown by retrospective analysis to improve 5-year survival.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether zinc chloride fixative paste acts as an immune adjuvant to increase host resistance to melanoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a murine study using the poorly immunogenic B16 melanoma of C57Bl6J mice, and the more immunogenic K1735p melanoma of C3H/HeN mice. Tumors were treated with zinc chloride paste and excised 24 hours later (Group 1), or simply excised (Group 2). Mice were challenged 7 days later with injection of melanoma cells at a distant site, and tumor growth in this second site was followed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  K1735p melanomas developed at the challenge site in 69% of mice treated with excision versus 32% of mice treated with zinc chloride fixation (P < 0.025). Development of B16 melanoma was not altered by zinc chloride fixation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Zinc chloride fixation of the more immunogenic K1735p melanoma increased resistance to subsequent tumor challenge, suggesting that zinc chloride fixative paste acts as an immune adjuvant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, State University of New York, Stony Brook, USA.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kalish
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Kaye
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002712:Chlorides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015580:Mohs Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C016837:zinc chloride