title: Gangliosides of monocyte-derived macrophages of adults with advanced HIV infection show reduced surface accessibility.
abstract: Gangliosides of macrophages are potent immunoregulatory molecules. A monoclonal antibody directed at human macrophage gangliosides (25F4) inhibits macrophage migration with relative specificity. Recent reports suggested that greater expression of G(M1) in mononuclear cells accompanies advanced HIV infection, although others failed to demonstrate any differences in vitro. We purified gangliosides from blood monocyte-derived macrophages obtained from HIV-infected adults. Densitometric analysis of chromatograms demonstrated no differences in relative quantities of any macrophage gangliosides among all HIV-positive and -negative donors. Antibody 25F4 showed equivalent ELISA reactivity with purified macrophage gangliosides of HIV-positive and -negative donors. However, intact macrophages of HIV donors with CD4+ cell counts <200/mm3 showed impaired immunofluorescent surface expression of the 25F4 epitope and concomitant loss of migration inhibitory responsiveness. Thus, although relative content is unchanged, macrophage gangliosides become surface-inaccessible in adults with advanced HIV infection. Our data provide further evidence that dysregulation of glycosphingolipid metabolism in HIV-1 infection contributes to immune dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine, 14215, USA.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Berenson
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gallery
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Katari
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pattoli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D002464:Cell Migration Inhibition; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005470:Fluorometry; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000097:blood*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood*; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D005732:Gangliosides