title: Enhancement of metastatic activity of colon cancer as influenced by expression of cell surface antigens.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cell surface antigens are contributory factors toward metastatic activity. There have been no detailed studies on changes in cell surface antigens of colon cancer cell lines. To control life-threatening metastasis, it is necessary to evaluate what types of changes in cell surface antigens exert an influence on metastatic activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo selection was performed using the human colon cancer-derived cell line KM12SM to obtain variants of metastatic activity. A murine spleen injection-liver metastasis procedure reflecting the latter half of the metastatic process was adopted and repeated four times. Flow cytometric analyses were carried out to detect expression of antigens: Lewis a (Lea), Lewis x (Lex), sialyl Lewis a (sLea), sialyl Lewis x (sLex), E-cadherin, CD44v6, integrin alpha2 (CD49b), integrin alpha3 (CD49c), integrin alpha4 (CD49d), integrin alpha5 (CD49e), and integrin beta1 (CD29).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vivo selection produced variants with higher metastatic activity. In the original line KM12SM, sLea, E-cadherin, CD49b, CD49c, or CD29 were positive in more than 40% of the cells. After selection, the percentage of cells positive for Lea, sLea, and all examined integrins significantly increased. Lex, sLex, and CD44v6 increased slightly, while E-cadherin decreased slightly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vivo selection and flow cytometric analysis revealed that Lea, sLea, CD49b, CD49c, and CD29 appear to be involved in the increase of metastatic activity. The changes of integrin expression in this study suggest that integrins collaborate in the promotion of adhesion to an extracellular matrix.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery I, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibao
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D039421:Integrin alpha2; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D007983:Lewis Blood Group Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D019040:E-Selectin; D039421:Integrin alpha2; D019012:Integrin beta1; D007983:Lewis Blood Group Antigens; C094162:Lewis Y antigen