Presence of matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
To determine whether matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is a potential mediator involved in the frequently detected blood-brain barrier leakage in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, zymography was used to detect MMP-9 activity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of 80 HIV-infected patients and of 10 control patients. CSF MMP-9 activity was detected in 40% of HIV-infected patients (but not in controls) and was significantly more frequent in HIV-infected patients than in those without neurologic deficits (50% vs. 13.6%). The frequency of CSF MMP-9 activity did not significantly differ between neurologically symptomatic HIV-infected patients with or without opportunistic central nervous system disease (51.6% vs. 48.1%). Additionally, the presence of CSF MMP-9 activity in HIV-infected patients was associated with an increased CSF white blood cell count and an elevated CSF-to-serum albumin ratio, suggesting that it may play a role in blood-brain/CSF barrier leakage in HIV-infected patients.
Sporer
B
B
Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of Neurology and Institute for Clinical Chemistry, and Medizinische Poliklinik, Germany. bsporer@nefo.med.uni-muenchen.de
Paul
R
R
Koedel
U
U
Grimm
R
R
Wick
M
M
Goebel
F D
FD
Pfister
H W
HW
D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D017364:Collagenases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
D017364:Collagenases; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9