Mode of action of escins Ia and IIa and E,Z-senegin II on glucose absorption in gastrointestinal tract.
We examined the mode of action of escins Ia (1) and IIa (2) and E,Z-senegin II (3) for the inhibitory effect on the increase in serum glucose levels in oral glucose-loaded rats. Although 1-3 inhibited the increase in serum glucose levels in oral glucose-loaded rats, these compounds did not lower serum glucose levels in normal or intraperitoneal glucose-loaded rats, or alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Furthermore, 1-3 suppressed gastric emptying in rats, and also inhibited glucose uptake in the rat small intestine in vitro. These results indicated that 1-3 given orally have neither insulin-like activity nor insulin-releasing activity. Compounds 1-3 inhibited glucose absorption by suppressing the transfer of glucose from the stomach to the small intestine and by inhibiting the glucose transport system at the small intestinal brush border.
Matsuda
H
H
Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
Murakami
T
T
Li
Y
Y
Yamahara
J
J
Yoshikawa
M
M
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood; D004928:Escin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides; C115099:senegin II; D004928:Escin; C115100:escin IIa; D005947:Glucose; C115101:escin Ia