title: Design and current status of ACTION: A Coronary disease Trial Investigating Outcome with Nifedipine GITS. Gastro-Intestinal Therapeutic System.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the design of ACTION (A Coronary disease Trial Investigating Outcome with Nifedipine GITS), an ongoing multicentre clinical outcome trial with nifedipine GITS (Gastro-Intestinal Therapeutic System) in patients with stable angina pectoris.
  
  
  METHODS
  At least 6000 patients with optimally treated stable angina without depressed left ventricular function are randomized in equal proportions to either nifedipine GITS or matching placebo (starting dose 30 mg, maintenance dose 60 mg once daily). Patients are followed for at least four years. The primary end-point, to be analyzed by assigned treatment, includes all-cause mortality, acute myocardial infarction, emergency coronary angiography for refractory angina, overt heart failure, debilitating stroke and peripheral revascularization. For this end-point, the trial has a power of 95% to detect a relative risk reduction of 18% at the 5%, level of significance, and is large enough to exclude an excess mortality caused by nifedipine GITS of 3.1 deaths per 1000 years of treatment or greater. The pre-specified early termination rule is more conservative in the case of a beneficial effect than in the case of an adverse effect of nifedipine GITS. The first patient was randomized on 29 November, 1996. By the end of April 1998, about 5200 patients had been started on study medication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results will be available in the autumn of 2003.
authors.affiliation: SOCAR Research SA, Nyon, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lubsen
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Poole-Wilson
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Pocock
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: van Dalen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Kirwan
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018579:Patient Selection; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012107:Research Design
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D009543:Nifedipine