title: Immunization has no effect on arousal from sleep in the newborn infant.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate arousal from sleep in infants before and after triple antigen immunization (DTP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Arousal thresholds were determined in both active sleep (AS) and quiet sleep (QS) the day before and the day following the first DTP immunisation in 14 infants. Arousal was induced using a pulsatile puff of air delivered alternately to the nostrils of the infant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Arousal threshold was significantly higher in QS compared to AS in both studies (P < 0.001). Mean arousal threshold in the pre immunization study was not different from that in the post immunization study in either sleep state. Core temperature and heart rate measured at the time of stimulus delivery were both significantly elevated in the post immunisation study (P < 0.001). Sleep duration and number of awakenings from sleep were unaffected by immunization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The first triple antigen immunisation has no effect on arousal from sleep in either AS or QS in this group of infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Loy
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Horne
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Read
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cranage
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chau
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Adamson
mesh_terms: D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects*; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D013398:Sudden Infant Death / Q000209:etiology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral