Signaling by dual specificity kinases.
Dual specificity kinases that phosphorylate the Thr- and Tyr-residues within the TXY motif of MAP-kinases of play a central role in the regulation of various processes of cell growth. These dual specificity kinases also known as MAP kinase kinases are constituents of the sequential kinase signaling modules. Seven distinct mammalian MAP kinases kinases have been identified. Some of the unique signaling properties of these kinases are discussed here.
Dhanasekaran
N
N
Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA.
Premkumar Reddy
E
E
D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D048371:MAP Kinase Kinase 3; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D048669:MAP Kinase Kinase 6; D048688:MAP Kinase Kinase 7; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C111049:MAP-kinase-activated kinase 5; D011494:Protein Kinases; C482128:MAP2K2 protein, human; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D048371:MAP Kinase Kinase 3; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D048669:MAP Kinase Kinase 6; D048688:MAP Kinase Kinase 7; C482125:MAP2K1 protein, human; C482530:MAP2K3 protein, human; C482559:MAP2K4 protein, human; C482566:MAP2K6 protein, human; C482569:MAP2K7 protein, human; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases