Laboratory and field evaluation of the repellents deet, CIC-4, and AI3-37220 against Anopheles farauti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Australia.
Laboratory and field tests of the repellents diethyl methylbenzamide (deet), 1-(3-cyclohexen-1-yl-carbonyl)-2-methylpiperidine (AI3-37220), and (2-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl) acetic acid lactone (CIC-4) were conducted against Anopheles farauti s.s. Laveran, an important malaria vector in the southwest Pacific region. In the laboratory, An. farauti was tolerant of all 3 repellents, but deet and CIC-4 provided significantly better protection than AI3-37220. The field study was conducted in rain forest located near Innisfail, northern Queensland, and tested 25% (vol:vol) ethanol solutions of each repellent against An. farauti. All 3 repellents provided > 95% protection against An. farauti for 5 h after application. In contrast to the laboratory tests, protection provided by AI3-37220 was significantly better than that by either deet or CIC-4, and there was no difference between protection by deet and CIC-4. The protection by deet and CIC-4 declined 8 h after application and provided < or = 50% protection at 9 h. In contrast, AI3-37220 provided > or = 94% protection for 9 h.
Australian Army Malaria Institute, Enoggera, Queensland, Australia.
S P
SP
Frances
R D
RD
Cooper
A W
AW
Sweeney
D000818:Animals; D000830:Animals, Laboratory; D000835:Animals, Wild; D000852:Anopheles; D001315:Australia; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003671:DEET / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm; D006801:Humans; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012867:Skin / Q000469:parasitology*
D002867:Chromones; D007302:Insect Repellents; D010880:Piperidines; D003671:DEET; C075891:(2-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl)acetic acid lactone; C075892:1-(3-cyclohexen-1-ylcarbonyl)-2-methylpiperidine