Biologic enhancement of spinal fusion.
Scientific advances in the past decade have generated considerable clinical interest in developing biologic tools that may ultimately enhance spinal fusion. This article reviews the current understanding of each of these and other fusion-enhancing tools with particular attention to the results of in vivo animal experimentation and, where available, objective clinical data.
Sandhu
H S
HS
Assistant Professor of Surgery (Orthopaedics), Cornell University Medical College, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
Boden
S D
SD
D001857:Bone Matrix; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000502:physiology; D002516:Ceramics; D006801:Humans; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018786:Bone Substitutes