[Pulmonary embolism. Risk factors of venous thromboembolic disease].
METHODS
Management of deep venous thromboembolism both in terms of diagnosis and therapeutic and prophylactic strategies has been greatly improved by advances in knowledge of the main acquired and intrinsic risk factors.
This is by far the most frequent coagulation disorder predisposing to venous thromboembolism. Other intrinsic factors favoring thrombus formation (anti-thrombin II, protein C or protein S deficiencies) are much more uncommon. Laboratory tests in search for these anomalies are indicated essentially for patients who develop repeated episodes of venous thrombus formation.


RESULTS
Excepting specific cases, anticoagulant prophylaxis is not indicated in any of these anomalies beyond the usual treatment of a first episode. Among the risk factors for acquired deep vein thromboembolism, only surgery and certain obstetrical indications have been investigated sufficiently to define validated prophylaxis strategies. For medical risks, the benefit of anticoagulant prophylaxis has been demonstrated in certain disease states such as cancer, antiphospholipid syndrome and the acute phase of myocardial infarction although no widely accepted strategy has yet been established.
Gagnadoux
F
F
Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Hôpital André Mignot, Le Chesnay.
Le Calvez
J F
JF
Azarian
R
R
Petitpretz
P
P
D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D020152:Antithrombin III Deficiency / Q000150:complications; D018890:Chemoprevention; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D020151:Protein C Deficiency / Q000150:complications; D018455:Protein S Deficiency / Q000150:complications; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control
D000925:Anticoagulants
Embolie pulmonaire. Facteurs de risque de la maladie thrombo-embolique veineuse.