Effects of novel anti-inflammatory compounds on healing of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs often cause development of significant GI lesions. Selective inhibitors of prostaglandin G/H synthase/cyclooxygenase-2 (PGHS-2) enzyme and some dual inhibitors of PGHS/5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) enzymes have been reported to be potent anti-inflammatory compounds that carry a much lower risk of having GI irritating effects. We have evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect and the GI safety profile of three new anti-inflammatory compounds: the selective PGHS-2 inhibitors NS-398 and PD 138387 and the PGHS/5-LO dual inhibitor PD 137968. All the compounds tested showed an anti-inflammatory activity in the carragenan footpad edema test in rats. None of these compounds caused either gastric damage 4 h after p.o. administration of 100 mg/kg in rats or inhibition of PGE2 synthesis in the stomach. However, when administered p.o. at an effective anti-inflammatory dose to rats with pre-existing acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer, NS-398 caused a statistically significant delay of ulcer healing. No impairment of the ulcer healing was observed with the other compounds evaluated. Derivatives of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, whose members may act as PGHS-1/PGHS-2 inhibitors, selective PGHS-2 inhibitors or PGHS/5-LO dual inhibitors, are novel anti-inflammatory compounds that are devoid of GI irritating effects and do not affect the rate of pre-existing gastric ulcer healing.
Lesch
C A
CA
Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research Division, Warner-Lambert Co., Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Gilbertsen
R B
RB
Song
Y
Y
Dyer
R D
RD
Schrier
D
D
Kraus
E R
ER
Sanchez
B
B
Guglietta
A
A
D019342:Acetic Acid; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000187:drug effects*; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D013449:Sulfonamides; C080955:N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496513:Ptgs1 protein, rat; D015232:Dinoprostone; D019342:Acetic Acid; D007213:Indomethacin