Granisetron in the prevention of nausea and vomiting after middle-ear surgery: a dose-ranging study.
This study was undertaken to determine the minimum effective dose of granisetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonist, for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after middle-ear surgery. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 120 women (ASA I) received placebo (saline) or granisetron at three different doses (20 micrograms kg-1, 40 micrograms kg-1, 100 micrograms kg-1) i.v. immediately before the induction of anaesthesia (n = 30 for each group). A standard general anaesthetic technique was used throughout. A complete response, defined as no PONV and no need for another rescue antiemetic during 0-3 h after anaesthesia, occurred in 40%, 43%, 83% and 87% of patients who had received placebo, granisetron 20 micrograms kg-1, granisetron 40 micrograms kg-1 or granisetron 100 micrograms kg-1, respectively; the corresponding incidence during 3-21 h after anaesthesia was 47%, 47%, 87% and 87% (P < 0.05; overall Fisher's exact probability test). Granisetron 40 micrograms kg-1 appears to be the minimum effective dose for preventing PONV in women undergoing middle-ear surgery.
Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Tsukuba Institute of Clinical Medicine, Ibaraki, Japan.
Y
Y
Fujii
H
H
Toyooka
H
H
Tanaka
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D017829:Granisetron / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008416:Mastoid / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014433:Tympanoplasty; D014839:Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000932:Antiemetics; D017829:Granisetron; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists