The gene encoding the myeloid-related protein 14 (MRP14), a calcium-binding protein expressed in granulocytes and monocytes, contains a potent enhancer element in the first intron.
Myeloid-related proteins 8 and 14 (MRP8 and MRP14) are two Ca2+-binding proteins of the S-100 family highly abundant in myelomonocytic cells. The expression is not only dependent on the developmental status of the cell but also on the inflammatory situation in the tissue. In order to identify regulatory elements responsible for the high expression of MRP14 in myeloid cells, reporter gene constructs have been transfected into HL-60 cells, Mono Mac 6 cells, and L132 cells. We demonstrated that a DNA element in the first intron (positions 153-361) enhances the transcriptional activity of the homologous promoter and of the heterologous herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase promoter up to 37-fold. To further identify the functional site, the region between positions 153 and 192 was analyzed functionally using the thymidine kinase promoter. The region increased the expression in the same magnitude as the complete intron. This enhancer is highly conserved in the human and murine MRP genes, indicative of its involvement in the transcription of MRPs. Protein binding to the region is demonstrated using EMSA, DNA cross-linking, Southwestern blotting, and affinity purification. Affinity purification confirms that four proteins bind to the enhancer element.
Melkonyan
H
H
Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Münster, von Esmarchstr. 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
Hofmann
H A
HA
Nacken
W
W
Sorg
C
C
Klempt
M
M
D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D040502:Calgranulin B; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D040502:Calgranulin B; D017931:DNA Primers; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger