Angiogenesis in mice with chronic airway inflammation: strain-dependent differences.
Chronic inflammation is associated with blood vessel proliferation and enlargement and changes in vessel phenotype. We sought to determine whether these changes represent different types of angiogenesis and whether they are stimulus dependent. Chronic airway inflammation, produced by infection with Mycoplasma pulmonis, was compared in strains of mice known to be resistant (C57BL/6) or susceptible (C3H). Tracheal vascularity, assessed in whole mounts after Lycopersicon esculentum lectin staining, increased in both strains at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after infection, but the type of vascular remodeling was different. The number of vessels doubled in tracheas of C57BL/6 mice, with corresponding increases of capillaries and venules. In contrast, neither the number nor the length of vessels changed in C3H mice. Instead, vessel diameter and endothelial cell number doubled, and the proportion of venules doubled with a corresponding decrease of capillaries. Although the infection had no effect on baseline plasma leakage, in both strains it potentiated the leakage produced by substance P. We conclude that the same stimulus can result in blood vessel proliferation or enlargement, depending on the host response. Endothelial cells proliferate in both cases, but in one case new capillaries form whereas in the other capillaries convert to venules.
Department of Anatomy and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0452, USA. gavint@itsa.ucsf.edu
G
G
Thurston
T J
TJ
Murphy
P
P
Baluk
J R
JR
Lindsey
D M
DM
McDonald
D000818:Animals; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002452:Cell Count; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005070:Evans Blue / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011019:Pneumonia, Mycoplasma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016622:Silver Staining; D013045:Species Specificity; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013373:Substance P / Q000494:pharmacology; D014132:Trachea / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014136:Tracheitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D014909:Wheat Germ Agglutinins / Q000378:metabolism
D014909:Wheat Germ Agglutinins; D013373:Substance P; D005070:Evans Blue