Efficacy of syringomycin E in a murine model of vaginal candidiasis.
Syringomycin E (SR-E), a new antifungal produced by the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, was evaluated in a murine vaginal candidiasis model. In one study, mice were treated intravaginally b.i.d. for 4 days with drug carrier, SR-E 2% in either PEG-400 or PEG-ointment, or 1% clotrimazole as a positive control. Quantitative vaginal cultures were taken prior to treatment on day 1 and on days 5, 6, and 7. Both formulations showed a reduction of yeast colonization in the vaginas on day 5 (P< or =0.06 and P< or =0.03 for SR-E/PEG-400 and SR-E/PEG ointment, respectively) and SR-E/PEG ointment reduced the colonization on day 7 (P< or =0.06) when compared to carrier treated controls. In a second study, SR-E was formulated in Aquaphor at three higher concentrations of SR-E [3%, 6%, or 12% (w/v)]. SR-E showed dose-dependent efficacy. The 3% dose showed no effect while the 6% and 12% doses reduced the number of yeasts. The 12% dose showed a significant reduction on days 5 (P< or =0.01), 6 (P< or =0.06), and 7 (P< or =0.03) when compared with the drug carrier controls and on day 5 was more effective than clotrimazole (P< or =0.03). Clotrimazole did not significantly reduce the yeasts in the vagina until days 6 (P< or =0.01) and 7 (P< or =0.01) when compared to the drug carrier controls. No vaginal inflammatory response was evident by histological examination in uninfected animals treated with SR-E. No SR-E could be detected in plasma, kidney, or liver. SR-E (12%) was an effective treatment when compared to 1% clotrimazole.
Sorensen
K N
KN
Utah State University, Department of Biology, Logan 84322-5305, USA.
Wanstrom
A A
AA
Allen
S D
SD
Takemoto
J Y
JY
D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C105246:syringomycin E; D003022:Clotrimazole