Canine distemper virus DNA vaccination induces humoral and cellular immunity and protects against a lethal intracerebral challenge.
We have studied the immune responses to the two glycoproteins of the Morbillivirus canine distemper virus (CDV) after DNA vaccination of BALB/c mice. The plasmids coding for both CDV hemagglutinin (H) and fusion protein (F) induce high levels of antibodies which persist for more than 6 months. Intramuscular inoculation of the CDV DNA induces a predominantly immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) response (Th1 response), whereas gene gun immunization with CDV H evokes exclusively an IgG1 response (Th2 response). In contrast, the CDV F gene elicited a mixed, IgG1 and IgG2a response. Mice vaccinated (by gene gun) with either the CDV H or F DNA showed a class I-restricted cytotoxic lymphocyte response. Immunized mice challenged intracerebrally with a lethal dose of a neurovirulent strain of CDV were protected. However, approximately 30% of the mice vaccinated with the CDV F DNA became obese in the first 2 months following the challenge. This was not correlated with the serum antibody levels.
Sixt
N
N
Unité INSERM 404, Immunity and Vaccination, Bâtiment Ex-Institut Pasteur de Lyon, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
Cardoso
A
A
Vallier
A
A
Fayolle
J
J
Buckland
R
R
Wild
T F
TF
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004216:Distemper / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004217:Distemper Virus, Canine / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007739:L Cells; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014162:Transfection; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines