Hormonal responses to consecutive days of heavy-resistance exercise with or without nutritional supplementation.
Nine resistance-trained men consumed either a protein-carbohydrate supplement or placebo for 1 wk in a crossover design separated by 7 days. The last 3 days of each treatment, subjects performed resistance exercise. The supplement was consumed 2 h before and immediately after the workout, and blood was obtained before and after exercise (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min postexercise). Lactate, growth hormone, and testosterone were significantly (P </= 0.05) elevated immediately postexercise. The lactate response was significantly lower during supplementation on days 2 and 3. Growth hormone and prolactin responses on day 1 were significantly higher during supplementation. After exercise, testosterone declined below resting values during supplementation. Cortisol decreased immediately postexercise on day 1; the response was diminished on days 2 and 3. Glucose and insulin were significantly elevated by 30 min during supplementation and remained stable during placebo. Insulin-like growth factor-I was higher during supplementation on days 2 and 3. These data indicate that protein-carbohydrate supplementation before and after training can alter the metabolic and hormonal responses to consecutive days of heavy-resistance exercise.
The Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, USA. wkraemer@gw.bsu.edu
W J
WJ
Kraemer
J S
JS
Volek
J A
JA
Bush
M
M
Putukian
W J
WJ
Sebastianelli
D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D002149:Energy Intake; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors; D014891:Weight Lifting / Q000502:physiology*
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D006728:Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D013739:Testosterone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D011388:Prolactin; D006854:Hydrocortisone