Epileptogenic activity of folic acid after drug induces SLE (folic acid and epilepsy)
OBJECTIVE
To study the effect of folic acid-containing multivitamin supplementation in epileptic women before and during pregnancy in order to determine the rate of structural birth defects and epilepsy-related side effects.


METHODS
First a randomised trial, later periconception care including in total 12225 females.


RESULTS
Of 60 epileptic women with periconceptional folic acid (0.8 mg)-containing multivitamin supplementation, no one developed epilepsy-related side effects during the periconception period. One epileptic woman delivered a newborn with cleft lip and palate. Another patient exhibited with a cluster of seizures after the periconception period using another multivitamin. This 22-year-old epileptic woman was treated continuously by carbamazepine and a folic acid (1 mg)-containing multivitamin from the 20th week of gestation. She developed status epilepticus and later symptoms of systemic lupus erythematodes. Her pregnancy ended with stillbirth.


CONCLUSIONS
The epileptic pregnant patient's autoimmune disease (probably drug-induced lupus) could damage the blood-brain barrier, therefore the therapeutic dose (> or =1 mg) of folic acid triggered a cluster of seizures. Physiological dose (<1 mg) of folic acid both in healthy and 60 epileptic women, all without any autoimmune disease, did not increase the risk for epileptic seizures.
Eros
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Department of Human Genetics and Teratology, National Institute of Public Health - WHO Collaborating Centre for the Community Control of Hereditary Diseases, Budapest, Hungary.
Géher
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P
Gömör
B
B
Czeizel
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AE
D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014815:Vitamins; D005492:Folic Acid