Women's health in the People's Republic of China: some challenges of modernization.
OBJECTIVE
To identify aspects of the health of Chinese women throughout their lifespan which may paradoxically be threatened by modernization and to suggest relevant interventions through medical practice, education and research to meet these challenges.


METHODS
Six risk areas were selected as examples: infant sex ratios; tobacco use by girls; respiratory illness plus anemia; psychosocial stress; osteoporosis; and dementia. Articles and other databases, through article citations, and through consultations with Chinese medical professionals.


METHODS
Studies were selected which described clinical investigations, health care policy, or conditions of women in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Preference (but not exclusivity) was given to articles in internationally available publications, in English, and to authors working in the PRC.


METHODS
Study quality, specific descriptive information concerning population, samples, and outcome measures were evaluated.


RESULTS
Data documenting the present and future significance of these health threats are described, and current and potential interventions to address these problems through medical practice, education and research are outlined.


CONCLUSIONS
Important issues in women's health are currently recognized in the PRC; problems occur in assigning priorities in the face of a large population and limited resources. The Chinese medical community plays a central role in developing and carrying out interventions to protect and promote women's health.
Department of Psychiatry, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield 62794-1412, USA.
P L
PL
Moriearty
S B
SB
Chen
M
M
Catchpole
H Q
HQ
Lu
D002681:China; D003704:Dementia / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D012744:Sex Ratio; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control; D016387:Women's Health