Fine needle aspiration cytology of fibrous dysplasia: a case report.
BACKGROUND
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign disorder of bone consisting of intramedullary proliferation of fibrous tissue and irregularly distributed, poorly developed bone. Although tumorlike in appearance, FD is probably a condition resulting from failure of maturation from woven to lamellar bone. The histology of FD has been well characterized since Lichtenstein first reported it, in 1938; however, the cytologic appearance has been described only rarely. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytomorphology of FD.


METHODS
A 30-year-old female with breast carcinoma, diagnosed a month earlier, underwent computed tomography-guided FNA of a rib lesion radiologically thought to represent FD, although metastatic cancer could not be excluded. The smears contained blood, occasional osteoclastic multinucleated giant cells and frequent C-shaped fibrillary structures with dark central areas and lighter peripheries, representing woven bone. The cytologic/radiologic impression of FD was confirmed histologically.


CONCLUSIONS
FNA cytodiagnosis of FD is possible in the setting of consistent clinical and radiologic findings.
Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA.
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D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005358:Fibrous Dysplasia, Monostotic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D011859:Radiography; D012272:Ribs