FLIP prevents apoptosis induced by death receptors but not by perforin/granzyme B, chemotherapeutic drugs, and gamma irradiation.
FLICE-inhibitory protein, FLIP (Casper/I-FLICE/FLAME-1/CASH/CLARP/MRIT), which contains two death effector domains and an inactive caspase domain, binds to FADD and caspase-8, and thereby inhibits death receptor-mediated apoptosis. Here, we characterize the inhibitory effect of FLIP on a variety of apoptotic pathways. Human Jurkat T cells undergoing Fas ligand-mediated apoptosis in response to CD3 activation were completely resistant when transfected with FLIP. In contrast, the presence of FLIP did not affect apoptosis induced by granzyme B in combination with adenovirus or perforin. Moreover, the Fas ligand, but not the perforin/granzyme B-dependent lytic pathway of CTL, was inhibited by FLIP. Apoptosis mediated by chemotherapeutic drugs (i.e., doxorubicin, etoposide, and vincristine) and gamma irradiation was not affected by FLIP or the absence of Fas, indicating that these treatments can induce cell death in a Fas-independent and FLIP-insensitive manner.
Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
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T
Kataoka
M
M
Schröter
M
M
Hahne
P
P
Schneider
M
M
Irmler
M
M
Thome
C J
CJ
Froelich
J
J
Tschopp
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000528:radiation effects; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000276:immunology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005720:Gamma Rays; D053804:Granzymes; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054353:Perforin; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000276:immunology*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; C506386:CFLAR protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D019014:fas Receptor; D054353:Perforin; C509213:GZMB protein, human; D053804:Granzymes; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases