TGF-beta signal transduction.
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) family of growth factors control the development and homeostasis of most tissues in metazoan organisms. Work over the past few years has led to the elucidation of a TGF-beta signal transduction network. This network involves receptor serine/threonine kinases at the cell surface and their substrates, the SMAD proteins, which move into the nucleus, where they activate target gene transcription in association with DNA-binding partners. Distinct repertoires of receptors, SMAD proteins, and DNA-binding partners seemingly underlie, in a cell-specific manner, the multifunctional nature of TGF-beta and related factors. Mutations in these pathways are the cause of various forms of human cancer and developmental disorders.
Massagué
J
J
Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA. j-massague@ski.mskcc.org
D001692:Biological Transport; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051898:Smad1 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; C497399:SMAD1 protein, human; D051898:Smad1 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases