Replication-defective HIV as a vaccine candidate.
Live attenuated vaccines prepared from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have provided the best protective immunity in challenge experiments. In animals vaccinated with attenuated SIV, immune responses may be elicited owing to endogenous expression of native SIV proteins and/or antigen presentation in the native replication site of virus. However, replication-competent viral vaccines raise safety concerns for clinical trials in humans. To ensure the safety and maintain the immunogenicity of a live, attenuated vaccine, we have developed a replication-defective HIV pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G). The polymerase gene of HIV was truncated to construct the replication-defective HIV. This pseudotyped HIV can infect many cell types, including human and simian cells, and undergoes only one round of replication. Furthermore, antibody immune response can be detected in mice immunized with VSV-G-pseudotyped replication-defective HIV.
Tung
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Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
Rinaldo
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Montelaro
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D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes; D002460:Cell Line; D015684:Gene Products, pol / Q000235:genetics; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014779:Virus Replication
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; C028391:G protein, vesicular stomatitis virus; D015684:Gene Products, pol; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins