Acoustic rhinometric assessment of the nasal valve.
The aims of this study are to assess nasal valve cross-sectional areas in healthy noses and in patients with nasal obstruction after rhinoplasty and to evaluate the effect of an external nasal dilator on both healthy and obstructive nasal valves. Subjects consisted of (i) volunteers with no nasal symptoms, nasal cavities unremarkable to rhinoscopy and normal nasal resistance and (ii) patients referred to our clinic complaining of postrhinoplasty nasal obstruction. All subjects were tested before and after topical decongestion of the nasal mucosa and with an external nasal dilator. In 79 untreated healthy nasal cavities the nasal valve area showed two constrictions: the proximal constriction averaged 0.78 cm2 cross-section and was situated 1.18 cm from the nostril, the distal constriction averaged 0.70 cm2 cross-section at 2.86 cm from the nostril. Mucosal decongestion increased cross-sectional area of the distal constriction significantly (p < 0.0001) but not the proximal. External dilation increased cross-sectional area of both constrictions significantly (p < 0.0001). In 26 post-rhinoplasty obstructed nasal cavities, only a single constriction was detected, averaging 0.34 cm2 cross-section at 2.55 cm from the nostril and 0.4 cm2 at 2.46 cm from the nostril, before and after mucosal decongestion respectively. External dilation increased the minimum cross-sectional area to 0.64 cm2 in these nasal cavities (p < 0.0001). We conclude that the nasal valve area in patients with postrhinoplasty nasal obstruction is significantly smaller than in healthy nasal cavities as shown by acoustic rhinometry. Acoustic rhinometry objectively determines the structural and mucovascular components of the nasal valve area and external dilation is an effective therapeutical approach in the management of nasal valve obstruction.
Department of Otolaryngology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada.
R
R
Roithmann
J
J
Chapnik
N
N
Zamel
S M
SM
Barreto
P
P
Cole
D000162:Acoustics / Q000295:instrumentation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000403:Airway Resistance; D004106:Dilatation / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D005470:Fluorometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012016:Reference Values; D012119:Respiration; D012225:Rhinoplasty