Effects of a long-term inhalation of fragrances on the stress-induced immunosuppression in mice.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the long-term application of various fragrances on the suppression of immune response induced by high-pressure stress in mice. The immune response was analyzed based on plaque-forming cell (PFC) count, using mice sensitized with sheep red blood cells. The decreased PFC involving thymic involution induced by high-pressure stress in mice was restored by exposing the stressed mice to tuberose, lemon, oakmoss and labdanum for 24 h following exposure to stress. The decreased PFC and thymic involution from stress were restored by exposure to lemon and oakmoss, but not to tuberose and labdanum when the mice were exposed to those fragrances continuously for 3 weeks before the stress was given, followed by exposure to the same fragrances for 24 h after the stress. The decreased PFC and thymic involution from stress were restored by exposure to lemon and labdanum for 24 h after the stress, but not to tuberose over 3 weeks before the stress was given. These data suggest that the neuroimmunomodulatory effects of fragrances may be affected by tolerance depending on the kinds of fragrances in the case of a long-term application.
Fujiwara
R
R
Department of Immunology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
Komori
T
T
Noda
Y
Y
Kuraoka
T
T
Shibata
H
H
Shizuya
K
K
Miyahara
S
S
Ohmori
M
M
Nomura
J
J
Yokoyama
M M
MM
D000818:Animals; D019341:Aromatherapy; D002452:Cell Count; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000378:metabolism; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000378:metabolism; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000502:physiology*; D009812:Odorants; D009929:Organ Size; D012903:Smell / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000276:immunology
D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M