Genetic analysis of mammalian G-protein signalling.
Heterotrimeric G-proteins are important signalling proteins which function in all cells of the mammalian organism. Inactivating mutations in a variety of G-protein alpha-subunit genes in mice resulted in mostly unexpected phenotypes and have provided interesting new insight into their biological roles. Whereas the inactivation of some G alpha genes led to mild phenotypes suggesting the presence of redundant or compensatory mechanisms, other G-proteins appear to play highly specific biological or developmental roles. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about G-protein functions based on gene-inactivation studies.
Offermanns
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Institut für Pharmakologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
Simon
M I
MI
D000818:Animals; D051960:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; C112631:G protein alpha 16; C498015:GNAI2 protein, human; D051960:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs; C498016:Gnai2 protein, mouse; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins