[The effects of improved diets on the daily intake of environmental contaminants as calculated from personal food consumption data, by Monte Carlo simulation].
In a previous paper, we discussed the Estimated Ecological Daily Intake (EEDI), which is a new method for the estimating daily intake of environmental contaminants based on individual food consumption data. This method makes it possible to identify high-risk cases, using a Monte Carlo simulation for varying contamination levels in each food item and permits epidemiological assessment of the individual, rather than the population, intake of environmental contaminants. We attempted to identify those contaminants whose maximum dietary levels were most commonly exceeded. The results obtained were as follows: 1) After a 1,000-fold extrapolation, performed for each person and contaminant, some cases exceeded allowable maximums in dieldrin, lead, cadmium, and total mercury. In dieldrin and lead intake, few cases exceeded dieldrin and lead maximums by a factor of 2 or 3, but in the cases of cadmium and total mercury, individual maximum intake was significantly exceeded. 2) After estimating a high-risk individual's times of exceeding the allowance in cadmium intake with dietary improvement, we found a 10.5% excess intake after 40% improvement. Clearly, the issue of environmental contaminants exposure due to dietary intake is a significant one.
Nishikawa
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Department of Public Health, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo.
Toyokawa
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D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D018570:Risk Assessment