Cervical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 shedding is associated with genital beta-chemokine secretion.
Forty human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected women participated in a cross-sectional study of possible correlations between chemokine receptor (CCR5 and/or CCR2B) genotype, HIV-1 RNA and DNA load, and beta-chemokine levels (RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta) in blood and cervix. HIV-1 nucleic acid and beta-chemokines were found in all patient blood samples and in more than half of the cervical samples regardless of CCR5 or CCR2B genotype. High beta-chemokine concentrations were in general associated with high virus loads in blood and cervix. In the blood, the proviral DNA load was significantly correlated with the MIP-1alpha concentration, whereas the DNA load in cervix was significantly associated with the MIP-1beta concentration. The cervical viral RNA load was significantly associated with levels of all three chemokines. Thus, when HIV-1 shedding was highest in the genital tract, it was associated with other combinations of beta-chemokines than virus load in blood, suggesting that local immune reactions strongly influence virus load in the cervical compartment.
Iversen
A K
AK
Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. aifrhm@inet.uni-2.dk
Fugger
L
L
Eugen-Olsen
J
J
Balslev
U
U
Jensen
T
T
Wahl
S
S
Gerstoft
J
J
Mullins
J I
JI
Skinhoj
P
P
D002460:Cell Line; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000378:metabolism; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000378:metabolism*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics*; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000235:genetics*; D017201:Virus Shedding
C515334:CCR2 protein, human; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D004279:DNA, Viral; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine