Virulence markers in the 5' untranslated region of genotype 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus isolates.
Virulence markers to distinguish high from low virulence bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 isolates have not been previously reported. The objective of this study was to identify virulence markers by evaluating the primary and secondary structures of the 5'-untranslated region of low and high virulence bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 isolates. The nucleotide sequences of the entire 5'-untranslated region mRNA of eight bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 isolates, four of high virulence and four of low virulence, and two genotype 1 reference isolates were determined using a polymerase chain reaction and a 5' Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends System. Two nucleotide substitutions were identified in the internal ribosomal entry site that distinguished the high virulence from the low virulence genotype 2 isolates. The low virulence isolates had a cytosine at position 219, whereas the high virulence isolates had a uracil. At position 278, a uracil or cytosine was found in the low and high virulence groups, respectively. The substituted bases are virulence markers that were used to identify bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 2 isolates of high virulence.
Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, East Campus Loop and Fair Street, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583-0905, USA.
C L
CL
Topliff
C L
CL
Kelling
D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000821:virology*; D002417:Cattle; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014774:Virulence
D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005819:Genetic Markers; D012367:RNA, Viral