GM1 monosialoganglioside pretreatment protects against soman-induced seizure-related brain damage.
The effects of GM1 monosialoganglioside pretreatment on brain damage resulting from soman-induced seizure activity were examined in this study. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were infused with GM1 via an osmotic minipump connected through a permanent cannula implanted intracerebroventricularly and challenged with soman (83 micrograms/kg, i.e., 1.25 x LD50) 4 d after initiation of GM1 infusion. Electrocorticographic recordings were monitored via indwelling cortical electrodes. Twenty-seven hours after soman administration, anesthetized rats were euthanized via transcardial perfusion with buffered paraformaldehyde. Brains were processed for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), cresyl violet (CV), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) immunohistochemistry. All soman-challenged rats not infused with GM1 (n = 14) developed status epilepticus (SE).
Ballough
G P
GP
Neurotoxicology Branch, US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA.
Cann
F J
FJ
Smith
C D
CD
Forster
J S
JS
Kling
C E
CE
Filbert
M G
MG
D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D003292:Convulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012999:Soman / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D003292:Convulsants; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009498:Neurotoxins; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; D012999:Soman; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase