title: Lack of effect of oral Mg-supplementation on Mg in serum, blood cells, and calf muscle.
abstract: Magnesium (Mg) is important for regulating ion transport and cellular metabolism in all body tissues. In skeletal muscle Mg is involved in the neuromuscular activity, excitation, and muscle contraction. Mg deficiency can cause muscle weakness and muscle cramps. Less than 1% of total body Mg is found in serum, yet the serum Mg concentration is used to assess the body's Mg status.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine whether an oral Mg supplementation (500 mg Mg-oxide.d-1 for 3 wk) affects exercise performance, clinical symptoms, and the Mg concentration in various body compartments in athletes with low-normal serum Mg levels (N = 10 in each group).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, correlation analysis between the Mg concentration in serum, blood cells, and skeletal muscle was performed to establish a measure for muscle cell Mg.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The data indicate that a 3-wk Mg supplementation did not affect exercise performance, neuromuscular activity, or muscle related symptoms. Also, the supplementation did not increase the Mg concentration in serum or any cellular compartment studied. However, in the placebo group the renal Mg clearance decreased, whereas it increased in the subjects receiving Mg supplementation. Correlation analysis revealed that serum Mg only correlated with red cell Mg and that only leukocyte Mg correlated with the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-measured muscle cell Mg concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that Mg supplementation in athletes with low-normal serum Mg did not improve performance and failed to increase the body's Mg stores. Serum Mg appears to be a poor indicator for Mg in skeletal muscle or most other cellular compartments, but the concentration of Mg in mononuclear leukocytes might be used as an indicator of skeletal muscle Mg when NMR is not available.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weller
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bachert
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Meinck
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Friedmann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bärtsch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mairbäurl
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004576:Electromyography; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000150:complications; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009120:Muscle Cramp / Q000209:etiology; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000209:etiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000502:physiology; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D010919:Placebos
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D010919:Placebos; D008274:Magnesium