title: Rectal misoprostol in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage: a placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the effectiveness of rectal misoprostol in preventing postpartum hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized, placebo-controlled study, 550 women were randomly allocated to rectally receive 400 microg misoprostol or nonidentical placebo after normal vaginal delivery. Any excessive bleeding was actively managed with conventional oxytocic agents. Blood loss was measured directly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The baseline variables were similar. Blood loss of > or = 1000 mL occurred in 4.8% (13/270) of the misoprostol group and 7% (19/272) of the placebo group. Additional oxytocic therapy was required by 3.3% and 4.7%, respectively. No predominance of side effects, particularly shivering, was noted in the misoprostol group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postpartum use of 400 microg rectal misoprostol was well tolerated and associated with a statistically nonsignificant trend toward less postpartum hemorrhage. The early active management of excessive bleeding with conventional oxytocic agents may have reduced the potential of the study to detect differences between the groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Coronation Hospital, and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bamigboye
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Hofmeyr
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Merrell
mesh_terms: D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000328:Adult; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010919:Placebos; D006473:Postpartum Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D016595:Misoprostol