title: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization through collateral arteries for hepatocellular carcinoma after arterial occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) through collaterals after hepatic artery occlusion or severe stenosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  During the past three and one-half years, 19 of 167 patients with HCC showed hepatic artery occlusion or severe stenosis after repeated TACE, and 17 patients underwent TACE through collateral arteries. Types of collaterals, results, and effects of TACE through collaterals were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Common collaterals were periportal collateral, intrahepatic anastomosis, and right inferior phrenic artery. TACE was successfully carried out through all detected collaterals in 40 of 49 TACE trials (82%). In eight of 49 TACE trials (16%), TACE through collaterals was partially carried out. The cumulative survival rates at the end of the first, second, third, forth and fifth year were 100%, 79%, 79%, 59% and 59%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TACE through collateral arteries was able to be performed in most cases and will be an effective treatment to control HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Konishi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004317:Doxorubicin