title: Orbital sinus blood sampling in rats as performed by different animal technicians: the influence of technique and expertise.
abstract: In this study the influence of orbital sinus blood sampling on clinical signs was studied within the framework of various nutritional experiments. In order to assess the clinical signs in a random design, the rats were punctured in either the left or the right orbit. Thus, the effect of puncture within rats could be determined by comparing the left and right eye. Four animal technicians punctured a total of 303 rats, using different techniques. Orbital sinus blood sampling caused clinically visible alterations. The type, frequency and prognosis of the alterations differed with the person performing the puncture. Two experienced animal technicians were able to perform the technique without causing a statistically significant increase in alterations in punctured orbits. One less experienced animal technician caused severe abnormalities. The use of either a Pasteur pipette or a haematocrit capillary did not necessarily produce different results. Neither did puncturing the lateral vs the medial canthus of the orbit. By not applying chloramphenicol eye ointment in the conjunctival sac after puncture, the number of abnormalities in 'ocular discharge' and 'corneal alterations' in the punctured orbits was significantly decreased. Four punctures in the same orbit with 14-day intervals by a skilled animal technician did not cause a significant increase in abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory Animal Institute (GDL), Utrecht University, The Netherlands. H.VanHerck@GDL.UU.NL
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Herck
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baumans
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Hesp
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sturkenboom
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: van Lith
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Tintelen
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Beynen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D017056:Medical Laboratory Personnel / Q000592:standards*; D009915:Orbit / Q000098:blood supply*; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000098:blood supply*; D011361:Professional Competence; D051381:Rats