title: The inhibition of Clostridium botulinum type C by other bacteria in wetland sediments.
abstract: Bacteria with inhibitory activity against Clostridium botulinum type C were isolated from 32% of sediment samples (n = 1600) collected from 10 marshes in a northern California wetland over a 12 mo period. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria with inhibitory activity were isolated from 12% and 23% of the samples, respectively. Bacteria with inhibitory activity were isolated from all 10 study sites and throughout the year. This study demonstrates that bacteria with inhibitory activity against C. botulinum type C occur naturally in wetland sediments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53705, USA.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sandler
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Rocke
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Yuill
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000276:immunology*; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D001717:Birds; D002140:California; D003014:Clostridium botulinum / Q000254:growth & development*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D012621:Seasons