title: A study of the association of HLA DR, DQ, and complement C4 alleles with systemic lupus erythematosus in Iceland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform an exploratory analysis of the relative contribution of single MHC genes to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a homogenous white population.
  
  
  METHODS
  MHC class II alleles and C4 allotypes were determined in 64 SLE patients and in ethnically matched controls. HLA-DR and DQ typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction amplification with sequence specific primers. C4 allotypes were determined by agarose gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of C4A*Q0 was significantly higher in patients than in controls (46.9% v 25.3%, p = 0.002). HLA-DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1 alleles in the whole group of SLE patients were not significantly different from those of controls. On the other hand increase in DRB1*03 was observed in the group of patients with C4A*Q0, as compared with patients with other C4A allotypes (p = 0.047). There was no significant correlation between severe and mild disease, as judged by the SLEDAI, and HLADR, DQ alleles and comparing the patients with C4A*Q0 with those with other C4A allotypes there was no significant difference regarding clinical manifestations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results are consistent with the argument that C4A deficiency contributes independently to susceptibility and the pathogenesis of SLE. C4A*Q0 in SLE patients in Iceland shows weaker linkage disequilibrium with DR3 genes than reported in most other white populations and emphasises the role of ethnicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Landspítalinn, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Steinsson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jónsdóttir
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Arason
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kristjánsdóttir
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fossdal
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Skaftadóttir
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arnason
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D002648:Child; D003181:Complement C4 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006801:Humans; D007055:Iceland; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D003181:Complement C4; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains