title: SB 207499 (Ariflo), a second generation phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, reduces tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-4 production in vivo.
abstract: The ability of the second generation phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor SB 207499 (Ariflo), [c-4-cyano-4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-r-l-cyclohexane carboxylic acid], to inhibit inflammatory cytokine production in vivo was evaluated and compared to that of rolipram, a first generation phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor. To examine human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) production, human monocytes were adoptively transferred into Balb/c mice and challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this model, SB 207499 inhibited human TNFalpha production with oral ED50 of 4.9 mg/kg. Similarly, R-rolipram inhibited human TNFalpha production with an ED50 of 5.1 mg/kg, p.o. In contrast to their equipotent activity against TNFalpha production, SB 207499 (ED50 = 2.3 mg/kg, p.o.) was 10-fold less potent than R-rolipram (ED50 = 0.23 mg/kg, p.o.) in reversing reserpine-induced hypothermia, a model of antidepressant activity. In time course studies, SB 207499 (30 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited TNFalpha production for at least 10 hr; substantial plasma concentrations of SB 207499 were detected over the same interval. The ability of SB 207499 to modulate interleukin-4 production in vivo was assessed in a chronic oxazolone-induced contact sensitivity model in Balb/c mice. In this model, topical administration of SB 207499 (1000 microgram) inhibited intralesional concentrations of interleukin-4 (55%; P <.01). The results demonstrate that SB 207499 is a potent inhibitor of inflammatory cytokine production in a variety of settings in vivo. Moreover, although it is as potent as R-rolipram in inhibiting TNFalpha production, it has substantially less central nervous system activity. Thus SB 207499 represents an excellent candidate with which to evaluate the antiinflammatory potential of PDE4 inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Pharmacology, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Griswold
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Badger
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Gorycki
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Levandoski
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Barnette
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grous
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Torphy
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009000:Monocytes; D009570:Nitriles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D020889:Rolipram; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D009570:Nitriles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; C433247:Cilomilast; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D020889:Rolipram