title: Use of endorectal MR imaging to predict prostate carcinoma recurrence after radical prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the ability of endorectal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to help predict postprostatectomy disease recurrence and, thereby, patient outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors evaluated 116 patients referred for prostate MR imaging during 1991 and 1992 who subsequently underwent radical prostatectomy and for whom follow-up data through 1996 could be obtained. The MR reports, clinic charts, and pathology reports were reviewed. Disease recurrence was established by means of detectable levels of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-four patients (29%) had postoperative disease recurrence. Patients with recurrence had higher preoperative PSA values (P < .0001). These patients also more frequently had positive surgical margins (P = .0005), transcapsular tumor spread (P < .0001), seminal vesicle involvement (P = .0012), and tumors of advanced stage (P < .0001) and high grade (P = .0058). Of 13 patients whose MR examinations showed definite extracapsular disease, eight (62%) had disease recurrence. The recurrence rate when MR imaging indicated limited disease (24%) was similar to that when MR imaging showed possible microscopic extension (27%). An MR finding of definite extracapsular disease was 24% sensitive and 94% specific for the prediction of disease recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR imaging findings of definite extracapsular spread of disease helped predict prostate tumor recurrence with high specificity, although with low sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Manzone
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Malkowicz
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tomaszewski
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Schnall
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Langlotz
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen