title: [A comparative analysis of diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori infection in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of five diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five children with epigastric pain, recurrent abdominal pain, regurgitation, diarrhoea, anemia and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were investigated. Endoscopic biopsies from gastric antrum were performed and examined by the urease rapid test, histological examination and microbiological culture. An ELISA was used to detect specific IgG and anti-Hp. A carbon urea breath test was performed in 58 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-three patients were infected with Hp. The endoscopy appearance revealed nodularity in antral mucosa in 42 (79%) and erosions in 1 patient. The histology showed gastritis in all patients infected and Hp was identified in 46. The urease rapid test was positive in 96% and the culture positive in 89% of the patients infected. IgG antibodies to Hp were detected in 67% of the patients infected and the carbon urea breath test was positive in 96%. Twelve children were Hp negative, two of them having gastritis without Hp by histology. In the urease rapid test 3 false-positive results were detected and 1 false positive was found in the cultures. All Hp negative patients had negative results in the carbon urea breath test and were negative for IgG antibodies to Hp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The carbon urea breath test has a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of Hp infection and allows the selection of candidates for endoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Pediatria y Microbiología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parejo Carranza
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Olivares Miguel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Escobar Castro
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jiménez Alonso
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Rafael Nerpell
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camarero Salces
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005773:Gastroscopy; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014510:Urease / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D014510:Urease