title: Precision of fit: the Procera AllCeram crown.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Strength, color stability, and precision of fit are requirements for all-ceramic restorations. The Procera AllCeram crown system, composed of a densely sintered high-purity alumina core combined with a low fusing surface porcelain, appears to satisfy most of these requirements. However, evaluation of marginal fit has not been reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study measured the precision of fit of the Procera AllCeram crown fabricated with Procera CAD/CAM technology for the premolar and molar teeth fit to a die.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five ivorine maxillary first premolars and first molars were prepared for full-coverage crowns. Preparations were standardized with a convergence angle of 10 degrees, chamfer margins of 1.3 to 1.5 mm circumferentially, and occlusal reduction of 2.0 mm. AllCeram crowns were fabricated for the dies, and the fit of the crown to the die was determined by using a standardized procedure with a silicone impression material that served a dual role: (1) as a retrievable luting agent, and (2) to replicate the internal aspects of the crown. Laser videography was used to measure the gap dimension between the crowns and the dies at the marginal opening, the axial wall, the cusp tip, and the occlusal adaptation measurement locations. Mean gap dimensions and standard deviations (SDs) were calculated for marginal opening, internal adaptation, and precision of fit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean gap dimensions and standard deviations at the marginal opening for the premolar and molar crowns were 56.0 microns SD +/- 21 and 63.0 microns SD +/- 13 microns, respectively. The mean gap dimensions and SDs of the internal adaptation were 69.0 microns SD +/- 17 microns for axial wall, 48.0 microns SD +/- 12 microns for cusp tip, and 36.0 microns SD +/- 7 microns for occlusal adaptation for the premolar crowns; and 49.0 microns SD +/- 3 microns axial wall, 67.0 microns SD +/- 21 microns cusp tip, and 74.0 microns SD +/- 29 microns occlusal adaptation for molar crowns. Precision of fit and SDs for premolar and molar crowns were 52.0 microns SD +/- 19 microns and 63.0 microns SD +/- 20 microns, respectively. Mean marginal openings and precision of fit gap dimensions for the crown groups were not significantly different at the .05 level. However, gap dimensions that defined the internal adaptation at the measurement locations were different (P < or = .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mean gap dimensions for marginal openings, internal adaptation, and precision of fit for the crown groups were below 70 microns. These findings show that the crowns studied can be prescribed with confidence knowing that the precision of fit will consistently be less than 70 microns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Razzoog
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001641:Bicuspid; D003116:Color; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003442:Crowns; D003760:Dental Impression Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D008963:Molar; D012826:Silicone Elastomers / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D019231:Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic
chemical_list: C105314:AllCeram; D003760:Dental Impression Materials; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D000537:Aluminum Oxide