title: Estimation of regional left ventricular wall stresses in intact canine hearts.
abstract: Left ventricular (LV) wall stress is an important element in the assessment of LV systolic function; however, a reproducible technique to determine instantaneous local or regional wall stress has not been developed. Fourteen dogs underwent placement of twenty-six myocardial markers into the ventricle and septum. One week later, marker images were obtained using high-speed biplane videofluoroscopy under awake, sedated, atrially paced baseline conditions and after inotropic stimulation (calcium). With a model taking into account LV pressure, regional wall thickness, and meridional and circumferential regional radii of curvature, we computed average midwall stress for each of nine LV sites. Regional end-systolic and maximal LV wall stress were heterogeneous and dependent on latitude (increasing from apex to base, P < 0.001) and specific wall (anterior > lateral and posterior wall stresses; P = 0. 002). Multivariate ANOVA demonstrated only a trend (P = 0.056) toward increased LV stress after calcium infusion; subsequent univariate analysis isolated significant increases in end-systolic LV wall stress with increased inotropic state at all sites except the equatorial regions. The model used in this analysis incorporates local geometric factors and provides a reasonable estimate of regional LV wall stress compared with previous studies. LV wall stress is heterogeneous and dependent on the particular LV site of interest. Variation in wall stress may be caused by anatomic differences and/or extrinsic interactions between LV sites, i.e., influences of the papillary muscles and the interventricular septum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery and Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5257, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: DeAnda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komeda
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Bolger
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Nikolic
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Daughters
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000166:cytology; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D011674:Pulse; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology*; D016276:Ventricular Function; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*