title: Drug use and injection risk-taking among prison methadone maintenance patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the drug use and injection risk-taking among incarcerated methadone maintenance (MM) patients; to determine the impact of a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) on prison-based MM treatment; to compare incarcerated patients with community patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Structured interview.
  
  
  METHODS
  New South Wales (NSW) prisons and community methadone maintenance (MM) units.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred incarcerated MM patients and 183 community MM patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were interviewed about drug use and needle risk-taking in the previous 6 months, and assessed for a diagnosis of ASPD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heroin had been used by 38% of prison MM patients in the 6 months prior to interview, on a median of 4.5 days. Forty-four per cent of prison patients had injected a drug in the preceding 6 months. A third (32%) of prison subjects had borrowed used injecting equipment within the preceding 6 months, and 35% had lent used injecting equipment to others. Community patients were more likely to have injected a drug in the preceding 6 months (84% vs. 44%), to have used heroin (72% vs. 38%) and to have done so more frequently (20 vs. 4.5 days). Prisoners, however, were more likely to have borrowed (32% vs. 15%) and lent (35% vs. 21%) injecting equipment in that time. While injecting at lower rates than their community counterparts, the injecting occasions of prisoners were of much higher levels of risk. A diagnosis of ASPD was unrelated to both drug use and needle risk-taking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incarcerated patients injected less frequently than community patients, but had higher levels of needle risk-taking.
authors.affiliation: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Darke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaye
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Finlay-Jones
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009517:New South Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology*; D012309:Risk-Taking; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D008691:Methadone