title: Simultaneous in vivo spectral editing and water suppression.
abstract: Water suppression is typically performed in vivo by exciting the longitudinal magnetization in combination with dephasing, or by using frequency-selective coherence generation. MEGA, a frequency-selective refocusing technique, can be placed into any pulse sequence element designed to generate a Hahn spin-echo or stimulated echo, to dephase transverse water coherences with minimal spectral distortions. Water suppression performance was verified in vivo using stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) localization, which provided water suppression comparable with that achieved with four selective pulses in 3,1-DRYSTEAM. The advantage of the proposed method was exploited for editing J-coupled resonances. Using a double-banded pulse that selectively inverts a J-coupling partner and simultaneously suppresses water, efficient metabolite editing was achieved in the point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) and STEAM sequences in which MEGA was incorporated. To illustrate the efficiency of the method, the detection of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was demonstrated, with minimal contributions from macromolecules and overlying singlet peaks at 4 T. The estimated occipital GABA concentration was consistent with previous reports, suggesting that editing for GABA is efficient when based on MEGA at high field strengths.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mescher
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Merkle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kirsch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garwood
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gruetter
mesh_terms: D001923:Brain Chemistry; D003401:Creatine / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008280:Magnetics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D003401:Creatine