title: The long term acute phase-like responses that follow acute stressor exposure are blocked by alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone.
abstract: Both intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) IL-1beta and exposure to inescapable tail shock (IS) activate acute phase responses (APRs) that include increases in core body temperature (CBT), increases in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity, decreases in carrier proteins such as corticosterone binding globulin (CBG), aphagia and adipsia. A variety of data suggested that stressors produce APRs by inducing brain IL-1beta. The current series of studies further explored this possibility by determining whether the functional IL-1beta antagonist, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH(1-13)), would block IS-induced APRs. Immediately following i.c.v. alpha-MSH(1-13) administration, rats were exposed to a single session of 100, 5 s, 1.6 mA ISs, or control treatment (home cage control). alpha-MSH(1-13) blocked IS-induced increased CBT, increased plasma corticosterone (CORT), decreased CBG, aphagia and adipsia 24 h after IS. The inhibitory effects of alpha-MSH(1-13) were shown not to be a consequence of alpha-MSH(1-13) producing its actions 24 h after its administration because alpha-MSH(1-13) given 24 h before IS did not block IS-induced increased CBT and CORT during IS. Additionally, alpha-MSH(1-13), given 24 h before IS, had no effect on increased CBT, increased CORT, decreased CBG, adipsia, or aphagia 24 h after IS. These data provide support for a specific mode of action for i.c.v. alpha-MSH(1-13), namely blockade of APRs with no impact on acute hyperthermia or increased levels of CORT produced during IS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Campus Box 345, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, USA. emilligan@psych.colorado.edu
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Milligan
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deak
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hinde
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fleshner
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Maier
mesh_terms: D000210:Acute-Phase Reaction / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D004326:Drinking / Q000502:physiology; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*; D000521:alpha-MSH / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000521:alpha-MSH; D006854:Hydrocortisone