title: Quaternary structures of a catalytic subunit-regulatory subunit dimeric complex and the holoenzyme of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase by neutron contrast variation.
abstract: Chimeric molecules of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) holoenzyme (R2C2) and of a Delta1-91RC dimer were reconstituted using deuterated regulatory (R) and protiated catalytic (C) subunits. Small angle scattering with contrast variation has revealed the shapes and dispositions of R and C in the reconstituted complexes, leading to low resolution models for both forms. The crystal structures of C and a truncation mutant of R fit well within the molecular boundaries of the RC dimer model. The area of interaction between R and C is small, seemingly poised for dissociation upon a conformational transition within R induced by cAMP binding. Within the RC dimer, C has a "closed" conformation similar to that seen for C with a bound pseudosubstrate peptide. The model for the PKA holoenzyme has an extended dumbbell shape. The interconnecting bar is formed from the dimerization domains of the R subunits, arranged in an antiparallel configuration, while each lobe contains the cAMP-binding domains of one R interacting with one C. Our studies suggest that the PKA structure may be flexible via a hinge movement of each dumbbell lobe with respect to the dimerization domain. Sequence comparisons suggest that this hinge might be a property of the RII PKA isoforms.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hoye
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boylan
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trewhella
mesh_terms: D020134:Catalytic Domain; D003198:Computer Simulation; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009502:Neutrons; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases