title: [Development of resistance to beta-lactams and other antibiotics of pneumococci isolated from acute otitis media in France: statement of the National Reference Center 1995-1996].
abstract: METHODS
  During 1995 and 1996, 393 and 566 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, isolated from acute otitis media, were respectively sent to the National Reference Center for Pneumococci by its corresponding centers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The resistance rates for 1995 and 1996 were respectively: for penicillin: 65.4 and 70.3% (18.6 and 24.9% of intermediately resistant strains, 46.8 and 45.4% of fully resistant strains), for erythromycin: 57.5 and 68.5%, for tetracycline: 43.2 and 42.6%, for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: 47.5 and 50.9%. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of various betalactams were determined against a representative sample of strains (n = 99).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amoxicillin, cefpodoxime and cefuroxime MICs remained low against numerous penicillin resistant strains, indicating that these three oral antibiotics (in combination with clavulanate for amoxicillin) have a useful potential for the treatment of acute otitis media when risk factors for pneumococcal penicillin-resistant infections are detected.
authors.affiliation: Centre national de référence des pneumocoques, centre hospitalier intercommunal, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Geslin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fremaux
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sissia
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spicq
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Georges
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015296:Ceftizoxime / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002444:Cefuroxime / Q000494:pharmacology; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000494:pharmacology; D000097623:Cefpodoxime
chemical_list: D000658:Amoxicillin; D015296:Ceftizoxime; D002444:Cefuroxime; D004917:Erythromycin; D010406:Penicillins; D013752:Tetracycline; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D047090:beta-Lactams; D000097623:Cefpodoxime