title: Processing of an HIV replication intermediate by the human DNA replication enzyme FEN1.
abstract: The role of human FEN1 (flap endonuclease-1), an RTH1 (RAD two homolog-1) class nuclease, in the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 has been examined using model substrates. FEN1 is able to endonucleolytically cleave a primer annealed to a template, but with a 5'-unannealed tail. The HIV (+)-strand is synthesized as two discontinuous segments, with the upstream segment displacing the downstream segment to form a central (+)-strand overlap. Given a substrate with the exact HIV nucleotide sequence, FEN1 was able to remove the overlap. After extension of the upstream primer with DNA polymerase epsilon, human DNA ligase I was able to complete the continuous double strand as would occur for an integrated provirus. FEN1 may represent a target for new therapeutic interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rumbaugh
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bambara
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP; D011088:DNA Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers; D004260:DNA Repair; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D043211:Exodeoxyribonuclease V; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D045585:Flap Endonucleases; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C000607892:LIG1 protein, human; C022262:Okazaki fragments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004247:DNA; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; D045585:Flap Endonucleases; C468317:FEN1 protein, human; D043211:Exodeoxyribonuclease V; D011088:DNA Ligases; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP