title: Panic disorder: the ultimate anxiety.
abstract: Panic disorder, an intense exacerbation of anxiety accompanied by a variety of physical symptoms, is twice as common among women as among men. Onset is bimodal (teens/20 s and mid-30 s/40 s), 50% of cases are accompanied by agoraphobia, and the etiology is probably multifactorial. Treatment in the primary care setting includes pharmacologic (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and cognitive-behavioral intervention. Medication is initiated at low doses, and the drug-evaluation trial is of 6 weeks duration. Psychiatric referral is helpful in nonresponders and in those with comorbid psychiatric conditions. Outcome varies, with most patients experiencing relief with treatment. For some people, however, the disorder is chronic, with ongoing exacerbations and remissions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Sansone
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sansone
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Righter
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011570:Psychiatry; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents