title: Pallidal activity during dystonia: somatosensory reorganisation and changes with severity.
abstract: A woman with progressive, medically intractable right upper limb dystonia underwent a pallidotomy with only transient improvement. During the procedure her dystonia became more severe as she repeatedly made a fist to command in order to provoke dystonia transiently (movement provoked dystonia). Comparisons within cells in the internal segment of the globus pallidus (Gpi) disclosed that the firing rate was the same at rest, with making a fist, and during movement provoked dystonia. However, the firing rate compared between cells decreased significantly throughout the procedure as the patient made a fist repeatedly. During the second half of the procedure the firing rate of cells in the Gpi was similar to that in hemiballismus. The proportion of cells in the GPi which responded to sensory stimulation was significantly higher in dystonia (53%) than in hemiballismus (13%). These results suggest that pallidal activity can correlate inversely with the severity of dystonia, perhaps due to activity dependent changes in neuronal function resulting from repeated voluntary movement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Lenz
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Metman
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Reich
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Karp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hallett
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Dougherty
mesh_terms: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D004421:Dystonia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D001058:Apomorphine