title: Nitric oxide gas infusion to the oxygenator enhances the biocompatibility of heparin coated extracorporeal bypass circuits.
abstract: Heparin coated bypass circuits have been reported to improve the biocompatibility of extracorporeal circulation, although it is still insufficient and improvable. Nitric oxide (NO) is known to inhibit platelet activation and inflammatory reactions. In this study, the authors evaluated exogenous NO infusion in enhancing the effect of a heparin coated bypass circuit on the biocompatibility of an extracorporeal circuit, especially in view of the attenuation of the inflammatory response. A miniature closed bypass circuit, including an oxygenator (BioActive surface; Carmeda, Stockholm, Sweden) was primed with fresh human heparinized blood and perfused with a centrifugal pump. Either pure N2 gas (control group: n = 7) or NO gas (NO group [100 ppm in N2]: n = 7) was infused to the oxygenator. NO metabolites (nitrite and nitrate), platelet count, thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), alpha2-plasmin-plasminogen inhibitor complex (PIC), beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG), platelet factor 4 (PF4), serotonin, complement 3 activation products (C3a), granulocyte elastase, and bradykinin were measured at 0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after starting perfusion. At every sampling point, platelet counts were significantly higher, and TAT, beta-TG, and bradykinin were lower in the NO group than in the control group. PF4, C3a, and granulocyte elastase were significantly lower in the NO group at 60, 120, and 180 min. These results suggest that NO gas infusion to the oxygenator enhances the biocompatibility of heparin coated extracorporeal circuits.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amemiya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kagisaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taketani
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohtake
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000187:drug effects; D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006493:Heparin; D006801:Humans; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000187:drug effects; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006493:Heparin; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase