title: Dependence of vancomycin clearance on renal function via regression and bootstrap methods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Frequently, the estimation of vancomycin on the basis of renal function is too rough because the unknown parameters of a regression function between the vancomycin clearance (CL) and the creatinine clearance (ClCR) are based on small sample sizes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study we aim to compare linear and nonlinear regression, spline interpolation and nonlinear kernel estimation for defining the relationship between measured Cl and ClCR.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used data from published papers and appropriate numerical methods. The variability and accuracy of the estimated regression functions were determined from bootstrap methods and kernel density estimators. Tests to prove the usually assumed linearity of the regression were carried out and the influence of patient age and weight on Cl was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A linear relationship reported by several authors earlier has been determined as ClVAN = 0.763 ClCR + 2.715, (ml/min) (Cl = 0.011 ClCR + 0.055, (ml/min/ kg)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonparametric regression analysis shows that a nonlinear approximately parabolic function could fit the relationship between Cl and ClCR in the present case somewhat better than a linear function.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zellner
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Zellner
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D016014:Linear Models; D008432:Mathematical Computing; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013223:Statistics as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014640:Vancomycin; D003404:Creatinine