title: Shoulder dystocia: fifteen years' experience in Ramathibodi Hospital.
abstract: Although shoulder dystocia does not occur frequently the adverse effect to the patient and especially to infants can be catastrophic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence, the factors which may be related to or predispose to this condition and the consequence to the patients and their infants. All cases of shoulder dystocia which occurred during the fifteen year period from January 1982 to December 1996 were scrutinized. There were 17 cases of shoulder dystocia from a total of 109,923 deliveries giving the incidence of 1.6 per 10,000 deliveries. Of these 17 patients, 11 (65%) were delivered by vacuum extraction. Two patients had postpartum hemorrhage requiring blood transfusion. Infants' birthweights ranged between 3350 to 5160 grams. Erb's palsy occurred in 6 infants and all made full recovery subsequently.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roungsipragarn
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Herabutya
mesh_terms: D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods*; D004420:Dystocia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012782:Shoulder; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome