The criminality of former "special educational provision" permanently "excluded from school" adolescents as young adults (16-23): costs and practical implications.
An analysis of police records of the criminal "careers" of a complete cohort (1990-95) of 227 "excluded from school" adolescents who had been in "special educational provision" found that 63% had a criminal conviction as young adults (16-23 years). However there was evidence of "missed opportunities" as 26% of the offenders were not convicted until over 18-years-old. Averaging 7.4 offences each, 29% had a conviction for violence, 29% had been to prison and a further 27% are currently on bail for alleged offences. Home Office-based predictions show that 42% are highly likely to re-commit their most serious offence within 2 years. Based upon Audit Commission and Department of Health estimates, these 143 young adults cost a minimum of pound 4.16 million pounds. However, 10% of excluded adolescents who were also "ex child care" had a significantly lower crime rate than the others (41% vs. 70%), which suggests that with targeted support, such as under the 1989 Children Act, effective intervention is possible in a significant number of cases.
Pritchard
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Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Southampton, U.K.
Cox
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M
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D003416:Criminal Law; D004519:Education, Special / Q000191:economics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male