title: Human leukocyte antigen class II genotype in patients with recurrent fetal miscarriage who are positive for anticardiolipin antibody.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genotypes and patients with recurrent fetal miscarriage who are positive for anticardiolipin antibody.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional practice at the outpatient clinic for infertility, Niigata University Medical Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with recurrent fetal miscarriage who were positive for anticardiolipin antibody and normal fertile women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral mononuclear cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human leukocyte antigen class II genotype was determined using a polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequencies of DRB1*0403 and DRB1*0410 were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group. The frequency of DRB1*04 also was significantly higher in the patient group. As for HLA-DQ genotype, the frequency of HLA-DQB1*0501 was significantly lower in the patient group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human leukocyte antigen systems appear to be involved in the genesis of antiphospholipid syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hataya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takakuwa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin