title: Effects of nitroglycerin on liquid gastric emptying and antropyloroduodenal motility.
abstract: The effects of the nitric oxide donor nitroglycerin on gastric emptying and antropyloroduodenal motility were evaluated in nine healthy male subjects (ages 19-36 yr). Antropyloroduodenal pressures were recorded with a manometric assembly that had nine side holes spanning the antrum and proximal duodenum and a pyloric sleeve sensor; gastric emptying was quantified scintigraphically. In each subject, the emptying of 300 ml of 25% glucose labeled with 99mTc was assessed on two separate days during intravenous infusion of either nitroglycerin (5 micrograms/min in 5% dextrose) or 5% dextrose (control). Studies were performed with the subject in the supine position; blood pressure and heart rate were monitored. Nitroglycerin had no significant effect on blood pressure or heart rate. Nitroglycerin slowed gastric emptying (P < 0.02), and this was associated with greater retention of the drink in the proximal stomach (P < 0.05). In both nitroglycerin and control studies, ingestion of the drink was associated with an increase in the number of isolated pyloric pressure waves (P < 0.05) and antral pressure wave sequences (P < 0.05). Nitroglycerin reduced the number of isolated pyloric pressure waves (P < 0.05), basal pyloric pressure (P < 0.05), and the number of antral pressure wave sequences (P < 0. 05), but not the total number of antral pressure waves. The rate of gastric emptying and the number of isolated pyloric pressure waves were inversely related during control (P = 0.03) and nitroglycerin (P < 0.05) infusions. We conclude that in normal subjects, 1) gastric emptying of 300 ml of 25% glucose is inversely related to the frequency of phasic pyloric pressure waves, and 2) nitroglycerin in a dose of 5 micrograms/min inhibits pyloric motility, alters the organization but not the number of antral pressure waves, and slows gastric emptying and intragastric distribution of 25% glucose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doran
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boeckxstaens
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Hebbard
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lingenfelser
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Morley
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horowitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004326:Drinking; D004386:Duodenum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011706:Pyloric Antrum; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D016683:Supine Position; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D005996:Nitroglycerin