The clinical characteristics of intraoral herpes simplex virus infection in 52 immunocompetent patients.
OBJECTIVE
Intraoral herpes simplex virus infection is commonly mistaken for recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical features of intraoral herpes simplex virus infection.


METHODS
Fifty-two immunocompetent patients with culture-positive intraoral herpes simplex virus infection were studied.


RESULTS
The median age of the patients was 42 years. One third of the patients exhibited single ulcers; the remaining patients displayed multiple lesions. In 47 of 52 cases, the ulcers occurred on keratinized surfaces of the oral cavity; however, 5 patients had persistent ulcerations on nonkeratinized mucosa, a typical feature of herpetic ulcers in immunosuppressed patients. Of 27 patients with histories of recurrences, 22 were previously incorrectly diagnosed with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.


CONCLUSIONS
Herpes simplex virus infection of the oral cavity can usually be differentiated from other causes of recurrent oral ulcerations on the basis of its clinical appearance and distribution. The recognition of atypical features may prevent unnecessary and costly treatments for unrelated though clinically similar-appearing disorders.
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Dermatology Research Associates, Cincinnati, OH 45230, USA.
D000212:Acyclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000821:virology; D019226:Oral Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D012008:Recurrence; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013283:Stomatitis, Herpetic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D014776:Virus Cultivation
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000212:Acyclovir