title: Trocar site tumor recurrences. May pneumoperitoneum be responsible?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Port site metastasis following laparoscopy for cancer is reported with increasing frequency and represents one of the most important limitations of the technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  A scintigraphic model was utilized to evaluate a possible role of pneumoperitoneum in tumor cell dissemination. Labeled red blood cells (RBC) were injected at the level of the gallbladder bed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) performed for symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. LC was performed in two groups with standard CO2 pneumoperitoneum: in one group an endobag for retrieval of the specimen was utilized. In one group a gasless LC with endobag was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Radioactivity in the area of the trocar introduction was observed in almost all the patients who underwent standard (CO2) LC but represented a rare event in patients treated with the gasless method. The utilization of a protective bag for the extraction of the surgical specimen did not modify significantly the results. Moreover all patients treated with pneumoperitoneum demonstrated a wide intraperitoneal diffusion of the tracer not observed in gasless patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study confirm that pneumoperitoneum may play an important role in the evolution of port site metastasis after laparoscopy for gastrointestinal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cavina
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goletti
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Molea
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buccianti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiarugi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boni
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lazzeri
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bianchi
mesh_terms: D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009366:Neoplasm Seeding; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011677:Punctures; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging