title: Immunogenetic evidence for the phylogenetic sister group relationship of dogs and bears (Mammalia, Carnivora: Canidae and Crsidae). a comparative determinant analysis of carnivoran albumin, c3 complement and immunoglobulin micro-chain.
abstract: Thirty-seven antigenic determinants were identified in the albumins, the immunoglobulin micro- and IgG(Fc) chains, and the C3 proteins of 51 carnivoran (sub)species from 31 genera, and in 12 noncarnivoran mammals. In addition to 19 determinants plesiomorphic for Carnivora as an order, 18 synapomorphic epitopes of carnivoran families revealed nine phylogenetic reaction groups: (1) canids, (2) ursids, (3) the racoon, (4) the Weddell seal, (5) the lesser panda, (6) the harbour seal, (7) mustelids, (8) viverrids and hyaenas, and (9) felids. These data identify Canoidea (Canidae, Ursidae, Phocidae, Procyonidae, Ailuridae, Mustelidae) and Feloidea (Viverridae, Hyaenidae, Felidae) as two fundamentally differentiated lineages of Carnivora, and confirm the inclusion of seals among the former. The Ursidae are the sister group of the Canidae. The antigenic determinants in the studied proteins do not subdivide the Canidae, Ursidae and Felidae into immunologically differentiated lineages.
authors.affiliation: Zoologisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Germany. r05@ix.urz.uni-heidelberb.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eulenberger
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bauer
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000276:immunology; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D002335:Carnivora / Q000276:immunology*; D004285:Dogs / Q000276:immunology; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments / Q000032:analysis; D007148:Immunoglobulin mu-Chains / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D008322:Mammals / Q000276:immunology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D046048:Seals, Earless / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001503:Ursidae / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D000939:Epitopes; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; D007148:Immunoglobulin mu-Chains