title: Identification of glycine-extended CCK peptides in endocrine cells and modulation of CCK amide and CCK Gly content and secretion from endocrine tumor cells by an inhibitor of amidation.
abstract: Immunoreactive glycine-extended CCK peptides are found in normal mouse cerebral cortex and are very abundant in some CCK expressing endocrine tumor cells in culture. The glycine-extended forms in mouse cortex and in cell lines mirror their respective amidated forms. Mouse cerebral cortex, mouse AtT20 and rat WE cells produce mainly CCK 8 amide and CCK 8 Gly. In contrast, mouse intestinal STC-1 cells produce CCK 22 and CCK 8 amide along with forms of CCK Gly which are slightly larger than their respective amidated forms. The CCK 8 Gly-like peptide from AtT20 cells, after desulfation, co-eluted on HPLC with unsulfated CCK 8 Gly. Addition of copper and ascorbate to culture medium of WE cells caused a small increase in secretion of amidated CCK, without changing cellular levels of this peptide. Treatment with the amidation inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamate greatly decreased cellular content and secretion of CCK amide while it increased cellular content and secretion of CCK Gly. These results provide further evidence that glycine-extended CCK peptides are the immediate precursors of amidated CCK peptides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA. mbeinfel@opal.tufts.edu
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Beinfeld
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Perloff
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Venkatakrishnan
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002268:Carboxypeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004050:Ditiocarb / Q000494:pharmacology; D004701:Endocrine Gland Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D004702:Endocrine Glands / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005998:Glycine / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D004050:Ditiocarb; D002268:Carboxypeptidases; D005998:Glycine