title: Electrodynamic headphones and woofers for application in magnetic resonance imaging scanners.
abstract: Electrodynamic speakers compatible with (functional) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are described. The speakers magnets are removed, their function is replaced by the scanner's magnetic field, resulting in an uncommon but efficient operation. The method can be used with headphones as well as woofers. Functional MRI is not associated with any known biological risks, but as a method for visualization of task-specific activation of brain regions it is undesirably noisy. Thus, it requires both noise protection and efficient sound transmission systems for delivering acoustic stimuli to subjects. Woofers could possibly be used in active noise-control systems. The speakers described in this paper can be used for either task.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology (IfN), Magdeburg, Germany. baumgart@ifn-magdeburg.de
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baumgart
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaulisch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tempelmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gaschler-Markefski
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tegeler
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schindler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stiller
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scheich
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D004430:Ear Protective Devices; D004582:Electronics, Medical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009622:Noise / Q000517:prevention & control