title: In vivo biotherapy of HL-60 myeloid leukemia with a genetically engineered recombinant fusion toxin directed against the human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor.
abstract: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of acute leukemia. Contemporary chemotherapy regimens fail to cure most patients with AML. We have genetically engineered a recombinant diphtheria toxin human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) chimeric fusion protein (DTctGMCSF) that specifically targets the GMCSF receptor on fresh human AML cells and myeloid leukemia cell lines. At a nontoxic dose level, DTctGMCSF therapy was superior to the standard chemotherapeutic agents 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine and Adriamycin, resulting in 60% long-term event-free survival of severe combined immunodeficient mice challenged with an otherwise invariably fatal cell dose of the human HL-60 myeloid leukemia. Notably, systemic exposure levels of DTctGMCSF, which were found to be therapeutic in the severe combined immunodeficient mouse xenograft model of human HL-60 myeloid leukemia, could be achieved in cynomolgus monkeys without any significant nonhematological toxicities. The recombinant DTctGMCSF fusion toxin might be useful in the treatment of AML patients whose leukemias have recurred and developed resistance to contemporary chemotherapy programs.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Perentesis
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gunther
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Waurzyniak
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yanishevski
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ek
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Messinger
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chelstrom
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Uckun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D016187:Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D004167:Diphtheria Toxin; D000922:Immunotoxins; D016187:Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D003561:Cytarabine; D004317:Doxorubicin