[Treatment of the aortic valve and ascending aorta. The significance of reconstructive methods on the aortic root].
OBJECTIVE
The standard surgical repair of disease of the aortic valve and the ascending aorta has been combined replacement, which includes the disadvantage of inserting a mechanical valve. We have investigated an individualized approach which preserves the native valve.


METHODS
Between October 1995 and October 1997, a consecutive total of 101 patients (72 men, 29 women, aged 21-83 years) underwent operations for disease of the ascending aorta: aortic dissection type A in 34 patients, aneurysmal dilatation in 67. Dilatation of the aortic arch was associated with aortic regurgitation in 58 patients. There were 11 patients with aortic valve stenosis or previously implanted aortic valve prosthesis among a total of 46 whose aortic valve was replaced (group II). Supracommissural aortic replacement with a Dacron tube was performed in 16 patients (group I) with normal valve cusps and an aortic root diameter < 3.5 cm. In 28 patients with an aortic root diameter of 3.5-5.0 cm the aortic root was remodelled (group III). Resuspension of the native aortic valve was undertaken in 11 patients with aortic root dilatation of > 5.0 cm (group IV).


RESULTS
Operative intervention was electively performed in 72 patients, without any death. Of 29 patients operated as an emergency for acute type A dissection four died (14%). In 55 of the 58 patients with aortic regurgitation in proved possible to preserve native aortic valve (95%). In the early postoperative phase and after an average follow-up time of 11.8 months, transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated good aortic valve function, except in one patient each of groups III and IV who developed aortic regurgitation grades I or II.


CONCLUSIONS
The described individualized approach makes it possible to preserve the native aortic valve in most patients with aortic regurgitation, at a low risk. Follow-up observations so far indicate good results of the reconstruction.
Graeter
T
T
Klinik für Thorax- und Herz-Gefässchirurgie, Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes.
Langer
F
F
Nikoloudakis
N
N
Wendler
O
O
Demertzis
S
S
Schäfers
H J
HJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000601:surgery; D001011:Aorta / Q000601:surgery*; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000601:surgery; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000601:surgery; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000601:surgery; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000601:surgery; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged