title: Biologic effects of low-level electromagnetic fields: current issues and controversies.
abstract: There is uncertainty and controversy about the extent to which low level electromagnetic fields may cause deleterious effects, but even experts who are skeptical about many supposed hazards are willing to agree that electromagnetic fields even weaker than those in the MR environment can have effects under certain conditions. In order that readers can familiarize themselves enough with the subject to make an informed independent assessment, discuss it knowledgeably in public, and have the means with which to evaluate new developments and avoid experimental pitfalls if planning their own research in the area, they are provided with some of the most recent finding of in vitro and in vivo research from outside the MR literature as well as some of the results and controversies coming from recent epidemiological studies.
authors.affiliation: Jerry L. Pettis VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Beers
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Prato
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nair
mesh_terms: D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012449:Safety