title: SP/W-5186, A cysteine-containing nitric oxide donor, attenuates postischemic myocardial injury.
abstract: The effects of SP/W-5186, a cysteine-containing nitric oxide (.NO) donor, on myocardial reperfusion injury were studied in a rabbit ischemia (45 min) and reperfusion (180 min) model. Five min before reperfusion, either low-dose (0.3 micromol/kg) or high-dose (1 micromol/kg) SP/W-5186 was given intravenously as a bolus. Administration of 0.3 micromol/kg SP/W-5186 did not change mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate or pressure-rate index. However, administration of low-dose SP/W-5186 exerted marked cardioprotective effects as evidenced by improved cardiac functional recovery (P <.05 vs. vehicle), decreased plasma creatine kinase concentration (P <. 01) and reduced infarct size (P <.01). Moreover, administration of SP/W-5186 significantly decreased platelet aggregation (P <.01 vs. vehicle), attenuated polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) accumulation in myocardial tissue, inhibited PMN adhesion to endothelial cells and preserved endothelial function. Administration of high-dose SP/W-5186 resulted in a transient but significant decrease in mean arterial blood pressure and exerted more cardiac protection compared with low-dose treatment. However, the effects on platelet aggregation, PMN accumulation and PMN adhesion did not differ significantly between the two SP/W-5186 groups. Furthermore, administration of SP/W-6373, an analogue of SP/W-5186 that lacks the NO moiety, failed to exert any protective effects. These results demonstrate that NO released from SP/W-5186 significantly protected myocardial tissue from reperfusion injury. The primary mechanisms of the observed cardioprotection by SP/W-5186 involve inhibition of platelet aggregation, attenuation of PMN-endothelium interaction and preservation of endothelial function.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Monheim, Germany.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Christopher
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Knuettel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feelisch
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D003545:Cysteine / Q000032:analysis; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D004151:Dipeptides; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; C115703:SP 5186; D003545:Cysteine