title: Postoperative radiotherapy for Stage I/II seminoma: results for 212 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A retrospective review of patients with Stage I and II seminoma treated at a regional cancer center was performed to assess the long term efficacy and toxicity associated with post operative radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1950 and 1995, 212 patients seen at the London Regional Cancer Centre received adjuvant radiotherapy following orchiectomy for Stage I (169) and II (43) seminoma. Median follow-up for the group was 7.5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Progression free, cause specific, and overall survival were 95%, 98%, and 95% at 5 years, and 94%, 98%, and 94% at 10 years respectively. An increased risk of failure was noted among patients with bulky Stage II disease. No other prognostic factors for relapse were identified. Late toxicity was uncommon with only 12/212 (6%) developing any late GI toxicity potentially attributable to radiotherapy. The incidence of second malignancies (excluding second testicular tumors) was 6/212 (actuarial:1%, 1%, 6% at 5,10,15 years respectively). There was a trend toward increased acute complications for patients treated with larger volumes of radiation. No prognostic factors associated with increased risk of late toxicity or second malignancy were identified, likely a consequence of the small number of these events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival and toxicity were comparable to that reported in the literature. Post-operative radiotherapy remains a safe and efficacious adjuvant treatment for Stage I and early Stage II seminoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation, London Regional Cancer Centre, Ontario, Canada. gbauman@Ircc.on.ca
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Venkatesan
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Ago
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Radwan
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Dar
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Winquist
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000209:etiology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018239:Seminoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery