title: Serious interaction between mibefradil and tacrolimus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tacrolimus is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 and 2D6 and has a narrow therapeutic range. We report a serious kinetic interaction between tacrolimus and mibefradil, a potent cytochrome P450 inhibitor.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 62-year-old women who had undergone liver transplantation was treated with tacrolimus for immunosuppression. For control of blood pressure, the patient was treated with nifedipine. She developed ankle edema, and nifedipine was replaced by mibefradil. Four days later, she presented with mental confusion, renal failure, and hyperglycemia, compatible with tacrolimus toxicity. In agreement with this assumption, the tacrolimus blood concentration was 100 ng/ml. Mibefradil and tacrolimus were both stopped, and the patient recovered within 1 week. Eight days after stopping mibefradil, tacrolimus was restarted at the same dosage and the subsequent plasma concentrations remained in the therapeutic range.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mibefradil increases the tacrolimus blood concentration by inhibiting its metabolism and should, therefore, not be used in patients treated with tacrolimus.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Berne, Switzerland. skraehen@ikp.unibe.ch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krähenbühl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Menafoglio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giostra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gallino
mesh_terms: D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D020748:Mibefradil; D008875:Middle Aged; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001562:Benzimidazoles; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D020748:Mibefradil; D016559:Tacrolimus