Medical management of organophosphate-induced seizures.
Recent studies concerning management of soman-induced seizures are reviewed. While drugs classically used against epilepsy in hospital appear ineffective against soman, muscarinic receptor blockers are shown to be able to prevent or stop seizures within the first 5 min after their onset. Benzodiazepine could also be considered as an emergency treatment useful during the first 10 min of seizure. Comparatively NMDA antagonists appear to be able to terminate soman-induced seizures even if the treatment is delayed after 40 min of epileptic activity. Drugs with both antimuscarinic and anti-NMDA properties may represent the most adequate pharmacological treatment to treat soman intoxication. However, the results obtained until now with these drugs must be completed in relation with their possible efficacy after i.m. administration. Propositions for future studies are reviewed.
Lallement
G
G
CRSSA, Unité de Neuropharmacologie, La Tronche, France.
Dorandeu
F
F
Filliat
P
P
Carpentier
P
P
Baille
V
V
Blanchet
G
G
D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012999:Soman
D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D012999:Soman