title: Improving pulmonary auscultation as a tool in the diagnosis of bronchial obstruction--results of an educational intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of an educational intervention on general practitioners' (GPs') ability to diagnose bronchial obstruction after clinical examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on physical chest examination 11 GPs assessed the degree of bronchial obstruction by estimating the patient's predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%). Half way in the study the GPs were taught new knowledge on associations between lung sounds and bronchial airflow. The agreements between estimated and measured FEV1% predicted before and after this educational intervention were compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  11 GPs in five health centres in northern Norway took part.
  
  
  METHODS
  351 adult patients were included in phase 1, and 341 in phase 2.
  
  
  METHODS
  Estimated and measured FEV1% predicted were compared in subgroups of patients according to clinical findings in phase 1 and 2. The effect of the intervention on the doctors' weighting of various chest signs could thus be evaluated. Kappa agreement and correlation between estimated and measured FEV1% predicted in both phases were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The agreement between estimated and measured FEV1% predicted increased from Kw (weighted Kappa) = 0.33 in phase 1 to Kw = 0.43 in phase 2 (95% confidence interval 0.35-0.52). The GPs laid more relevant emphasis on rhonchi in their estimates after the educational intervention, while too much weight was laid on uncertain chest findings in phase 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study shows a potential for better use of physical chest examination in the diagnosis of bronchial obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Melbye
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aaraas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hana
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hensrud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001314:Auscultation / Q000379:methods*; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000193:education*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013147:Spirometry