title: Influence of smear layer on depth of penetration of three endodontic sealers: an SEM study.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the smear layer on the penetration depth of Sealapex, Roth 811, and CRCS root canal sealers into the dentinal tubules. Forty recently extracted, human single-rooted teeth were used. The crowns were cut and removed at the cemento-enamel junction level and the root canals were prepared to a #60 K-file. The teeth were then randomly divided into two groups of 20, group A and group B. The smear layer was removed from all teeth in group A with EDTA and NaOCl. The smear layer remained in all teeth in group B. Two roots in each group were used as controls. Six roots from each group were obturated with Roth 811 sealer and gutta-percha through lateral condensation. The same process was repeated using sealers CRCS and Sealapex. Each root was then divided in two and prepared for scanning electron microscope observation. The removal of the smear layer allowed penetration of all three sealers into the dentinal tubules to a depth of between 35 microns and 80 microns. Although the CRCS sealer penetrated only up to the 35 mm point, it offered better or complete obturation of the dentinal tubules. The presence of smear layer at the root canal walls obstructed the penetration of all sealers into the dentinal tubules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontology, Dental School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kouvas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liolios
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vassiliadis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parissis-Messimeris
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boutsioukis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003806:Dentin Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology; D012459:Salicylates / Q000494:pharmacology; D016369:Smear Layer; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D012459:Salicylates; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C055601:Sealapex; C075563:Calcibiotic Root Canal Sealer; C095719:Roth's 811 sealer; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D015034:Zinc Oxide