title: Activation of Ca2+-sensitive Cl- current by reverse mode Na+/Ca2+ exchange in rabbit ventricular myocytes.
abstract: We investigated how Ca2+-sensitive transient outward current, Ito(Ca), is activated in rabbit ventricular myocytes in the presence of intracellular Na+ (Na+i) using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique at 36 degreesC. In cells dialysed with Na+-free solutions, the application of nicardipine (5 microM) to block L-type Ca2+ current (ICa) completely inhibited Ito(Ca). In cells dialysed with a [Na+]i>/=5 mM, however, Ito(Ca) could be observed after blockade of ICa, indicating the activity of an ICa-independent component. The amplitude of ICa-independent Ito(Ca) increased with voltage in a [Na+]i-dependent manner. The block of Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum by caffeine, ryanodine or thapsigargin blocked ICa-independent Ito(Ca). In Ca2+-free bath solution Ito(Ca) was completely abolished. The application of 2 mM Ni2+ or the newly synthesized compound KBR7943, a selective blocker of the reverse mode of Na+/Ca2+ exchange, or perfusion with pipette solution containing XIP (10 microM), a selective blocker of the exchanger, blocked ICa-independent Ito(Ca). From these results we conclude that, in the presence of Na+i, Ito(Ca) can be activated via Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release triggered by Na+/Ca2+ exchange operating in the reverse mode after blockade of ICa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510 Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuruma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawano
mesh_terms: D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000166:cytology; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011817:Rabbits; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016276:Ventricular Function
chemical_list: D018118:Chloride Channels; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D012433:Ryanodine; D002110:Caffeine; D019284:Thapsigargin; D012964:Sodium; D009529:Nicardipine; D017878:4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; D002118:Calcium