title: Association between drug use patterns and HIV risks among homeless, runaway, and street youth in northern California.
abstract: We examined relationships between drug use patterns and HIV risk behaviors among 1121 street-recruited homeless, runaway, and 'street youth' in Northern California. Comparisons demonstrated that youth using any heroin, methamphetamine, or cocaine exhibited more sexual risks than non-users, while primary stimulant and combined heroin/stimulant users showed greatest sexual risk. Combined heroin/stimulant injectors showed higher risk injection practices than primary heroin or primary stimulant injectors, including frequent injections and backloading syringes. Interventions for street youth should be tailored to current drug use patterns since those using combinations of heroin and stimulants may require more comprehensive prevention, support and treatment services.
authors.affiliation: San Francisco Department of Public Health, AIDS Office, CA 94102-6033, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gleghorn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marx
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vittinghoff
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D018453:Homeless Youth / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine; D009657:North Carolina / Q000453:epidemiology; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D012419:Runaway Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D008694:Methamphetamine