title: Tonsillar carcinoma: analysis of treatment results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil is amenable to treatment by either surgery or radiation therapy as a single modality, with comparable rates of local control. Unfortunately, manifestation of the disease at an early stage is infrequent, and surgery or radiation alone is less successful in controlling advanced disease. This study was conducted to elucidate the optimal treatment plan for advanced stages of tonsillar carcinoma and to identify significant risk factors for development of recurrence or failure of local control.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the UCLA experience with treatment of all stages of tonsillar carcinoma between 1970 and 1990.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Actuarial local control rates were 70% for T1, 72% for T2, 50% for T3, and 0% for T4 at 5-year follow-up. Local control and overall survival rates were compared according to the type of treatment rendered for each stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From our analysis we conclude that aggressive combination therapy with surgery and radiation yields significantly higher local control rates for stages 3 and 4 tonsillar carcinomas. The advantages and disadvantages of preoperative versus postoperative radiation therapy are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90024-1624, USA.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuber
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kerner
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Juilliard
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abemayor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D014067:Tonsillar Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome