title: Effect of cardiogenic and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema on histamine responsiveness in sheep.
abstract: We compared the effects of cardiogenic pulmonary edema, brief pulmonary vascular congestion without frank edema, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema on responsiveness to inhaled histamine in chronically instrumented awake sheep. Histamine responsiveness was measured before and after 1) cardiogenic pulmonary edema induced by raising left atrial pressure to 35 cmH2O (Pla) for 3.5 h by partial obstruction of flow across the mitral valve, 2) brief cardiogenic congestion via Pla for 0.5 h, 3) noncardiogenic pulmonary edema induced by 25 mg/kg intravenous perilla ketone (PK), and 4) 3.5 h of monitoring without Pla or PK (controls). Treatment for 3.5 h with Pla (n = 9) and PK (n = 11) each significantly lessened the histamine dose required to cause a fall to 65% of baseline dynamic lung compliance (ED65Cdyn), i.e., increased responsiveness. Sheep treated for 0.5 h with Pla (n = 7) and controls (n = 5) showed no significant change in ED65Cdyn. Intravenous atropine (0.1 mg/kg) before the second histamine challenge altered neither the reduction of ED65Cdyn in Pla (n = 8) and PK (n = 9) sheep nor the ED65Cdyn level of controls (n = 9). These data imply that the local effects of edema, rather than bronchial vascular hemodynamics, cholinergic reflexes, and permeability changes, are germane to lung hyperresponsiveness during pulmonary edema in sheep.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2650, USA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Snapper
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Lefferts
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Plitman
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006632:Histamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D039821:Monoterpenes; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012756:Sheep; D013729:Terpenes / Q000633:toxicity; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D039821:Monoterpenes; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D013729:Terpenes; D014118:Toxins, Biological; D001285:Atropine; D006632:Histamine; C015426:perilla ketone