title: Toothbrushing forces in children with fixed orthodontic appliances.
abstract: The aim of this investigation was to determine whether toothbrushing forces are influenced by wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. Thirty children, (10 males, 20 females) with planned fixed appliance therapy and aged 10-15 years, were recruited to the study. No subject had previously worn an orthodontic appliance. At baseline, each subject brushed their teeth in their usual way, unsupervised. The toothbrush used was a purpose-designed electronic instrument that measured the force applied to the brush and transmitted force data by radio to a remote PC. After toothbrushing, subjects had orthodontic brackets fitted. Toothbrushing was repeated at 2 and 14 weeks after baseline, and brushing forces recorded. There were no significant differences between the measurements made at baseline and those made at 2 and 14 weeks. There were no differences between males and females in the forces used at any time point. It was concluded that toothbrushing forces are unaffected by placing fixed orthodontic appliances in children. The brushing forces recorded were comparable with those previously found by other investigators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Heasman
authors.forename: I D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: MacGregor
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004582:Electronics, Medical / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008838:Microcomputers; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D011312:Pressure; D012737:Sex Factors; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013686:Telemetry / Q000295:instrumentation; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods