title: Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase is a developmentally regulated enzyme crystallin in rhesus monkey lens.
abstract: We describe herein the characterization of a major 45-kDa protein from the soluble betaH-crystallin fraction of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) lens. Based on partial peptide sequence, immunoreactivity, and enzymatic activity, this protein has been identified as betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT: EC 2.1.1.5), an enzyme that catalyzes the methylation of homocysteine using either betaine or thetins as methyl donors. This protein was found to be expressed abundantly in the nuclear region of the monkey lens, reaching approximately 10% of the total nuclear protein, but was barely detectable in the epithelium and cortex regions of the lens. Because the nucleus represents the early embryonic and fetal stages of lens development, we infer that BHMT expression in the lens of the eye is developmentally regulated. By virtue of its high abundance, BHMT can be considered an enzyme crystallin (psi-crystallin). This is the first enzyme crystallin to be found in primate lenses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Mechanisms of Ocular Diseases, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2735, USA.
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Garrow
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garland
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Millian
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Zigler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D050940:Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase; D003459:Crystallins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000201:enzymology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008715:Methionine / Q000378:metabolism; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data
chemical_list: D003459:Crystallins; D008715:Methionine; D008780:Methyltransferases; D050940:Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase