title: Modulation of immune system function by measles virus infection: role of soluble factor and direct infection.
abstract: Measles virus infection can result in a variety of immunologic defects. We have begun studies to determine the basis for the lack of immune responsiveness to antigen and mitogen following infection. Here we present data showing that Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cell lines infected with measles virus produce a soluble factor that can inhibit antigen-specific T-cell proliferation and inhibit the proliferation of uninfected B cells. The soluble factor was neither interleukin-10, transforming growth factor beta, nor alpha/beta interferon. B cells infected with measles virus or treated with the soluble factor were unable to present antigen to T cells in a manner that supported antigen-specific proliferation. This could represent one mechanism of how measles virus limits T-cell expansion. However, we found that once CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells were activated, their cytolytic activity was intact whether infected with measles virus or treated with soluble factor. Thus, while slow to be generated these cytoxic cells could participate in viral clearance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA. Robert.Fujinami@hsc.utah.edu
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Fujinami
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jenkin
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Burns
mesh_terms: D017951:Antigen Presentation; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology; D012995:Solubility; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D007155:Immunologic Factors