title: [Percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty: the medium-term results in a series of 100 consecutive pediatric patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study medium-term follow-up in children with pulmonary stenosis (PS) with percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (PBVP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Medium-term follow-up results of 106 consecutive PBVP procedures in 100 patients of the same health center are presented. The mean age of the patients was 61.3 +/- 5.1 months, 31 of them with severe PS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After PBVP, and once infundibular contraction ceased, the procedure was defined as successful in 85 children. PBVP was repeated in five patients, achieving satisfactory results in 3. Eight patients suffered from re-stenoses and surgery was performed in 7 of them. The other 12 patients in which PBVP failed underwent surgery. Follow-up of these 88 patients showed a cessation in clinical symptomatology at a mean of 10 +/- 0.7 months. Five-year actuarial probability of achieving a normal EKG axis was 61.7 +/- 9.1%. However, neither ECG nor chest radiology were useful in the diagnosis of high residual gradients. Pulmonary regurgitation was observed in 92% of the children, mild in all of them. The residual transpulmonary gradient obtained immediately after PBVP was the only variable that affected long-term results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results confirm the medium-term success of PBVP in the treatment of PS. The five year actuarial probability of restenosis is 12.4%. Mild pulmonary regurgitation is observed in more than 90% of patients.
authors.affiliation: S. de Cardiología Pediátrica, Hospital Ramón y Cajal Madrid.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hernáez Cobeño
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bermúdez-Cañete
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Herraiz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fernández Pineda
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quero Jiménez
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Díaz García
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011664:Pulmonary Valve; D011666:Pulmonary Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D012008:Recurrence; D013997:Time Factors