title: Nasal high frequency ventilation in neonates with moderate respiratory insufficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy of nasal high frequency ventilation (nHFV) in newborn infants with moderate respiratory insufficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty one preterm and term neonates were treated with nHFV for respiratory insufficiency. Criteria for starting nHFV were: deterioration on nasal CPAP expressed by a median pH of 7.24 and pCO2 of 8.3 kPa, or increasing FIO2. nHFV was delivered using the Infant Star ventilator. Ventilator setting amplitude was 35 cm H2O; mean airway pressure 7 cm H2O; and frequency 10 Hz.
  
  
  RESULTS
  pCO2 decreased significantly from 8.3 kPa to 7.2 kPa after nHFV was started. In five patients nHFV was discontinued after a median period of 6 1/2 hours due to CO2 retention and high oxygen need, and endotracheal mechanical ventilation was started.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  nHFV can reduce pCO2 in neonates with moderate respiratory insufficiency and, therefore, could be used to decrease the need for endotracheal mechanical ventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Academic Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands. MVH@SKIN.AZM.NL
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Hoeven
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Blanco
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D006612:High-Frequency Ventilation; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide