Incidence and sexual risk factors of cytomegalovirus seroconversion in HIV-infected subjects. The SEROCO Study Group.
BACKGROUND
Data on incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) seroconversion in HIV-infected (HIV(+)) subjects was sparse.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence of CMV seroconversion in sexually active HIV(+) subjects and sexual factors associated with CMV seroconversion.


METHODS
One hundred eighty four persons not infected by CMV at enrollment in a cohort of HIV(+) persons were studied. A case-control study within the cohort was conducted to determine the effect of sexual behavior in the 6 months prior to CMV seroconversion. Thirty seven cases of CMV seroconversion were compared with 136 controls.


RESULTS
The overall incidence of CMV seroconversion was 9.18 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI), 6.67-12.28) and was particularly high among homosexual men. After adjustment for age, socio-professional category, sexual orientation, and casual sex, the risk of CMV seroconversion was higher in subjects who never used condoms than in those who used them systematically (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.37;95% CI, 1.05-11.00).


CONCLUSIONS
In addition to the need to protect their sexual partners from HIV infection, HIV(+) subjects free of CMV infection should use condoms to avoid CMV infection and its complications.
Robain
M
M
Department of Public Health/Epidemiology/Human Reproduction, INSERM 292, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Hôpitaldu Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Carré
N
N
Dussaix
E
E
Salmon-Ceron
D
D
Meyer
L
L
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000821:virology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D019529:Sexuality