title: Epidural analgesia in addax (Addax nasomaculatus).
abstract: Epidural analgesia was used 22 times in three female addax (Addax nasomaculatus). The addax were physically restrained in a drop-floor chute and sedated with acepromazine (0.14-0.34 mg/kg). Epidural analgesia was induced with 2% lidocaine (0.17-0.38 mg/kg) via a 20-ga 1-inch needle placed at the sacrococcygeal intervertebral space or the first intercoccygeal intervertebral space. Adequate analgesia was attained to allow manipulation of the reproductive tract and transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte collection.
authors.affiliation: Saint Louis Zoological Park, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Junge
mesh_terms: D000075:Acepromazine / Q000009:adverse effects; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D000866:Antelopes / Q000502:physiology*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001259:Ataxia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000662:veterinary; D001831:Body Temperature; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D006339:Heart Rate; D007268:Injections, Epidural / Q000662:veterinary; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D009865:Oocytes; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D012119:Respiration; D012149:Restraint, Physical / Q000662:veterinary; D014991:Xylazine / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D014991:Xylazine; D000075:Acepromazine; D008012:Lidocaine; D010100:Oxygen