title: Apolipoprotein E isoforms increase intracellular Ca2+ differentially through a omega-agatoxin IVa-sensitive Ca2+-channel.
abstract: Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is the major apolipoprotein in the brain and is known for its important role in plasticity and neurodegeneration. We show that apoE dose-dependently increases intracellular free Ca2+ in rat hippocampal astrocytes and neurons. This effect varies with isoforms in the order E4 > E3 > E2. It is insensitive to blockade of action potentials by tetrodotoxin or inhibition of binding of apoE by heparinase, by the LRP ligand lactoferrin and by low density lipoprotein. ApoE evoked Ca2+-increases are blocked in zero [Ca]o and by the Ca-channel antagonists nickel and omega-Agatoxin-IVa but not by nifedipine and omega-Conotoxin-GVIa, demonstrating an isoform-specific activation of P/Q type Ca2+-channels. This novel mechanism is discussed with respect to Alzheimer's disease, that is linked for most cases to the apoE epsilon-allelic variation (epsilon4 > epsilon3 > epsilon2).
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physiologie der Charité, Berlin, Germany. mueller@rz.charite.hu-berlin.de
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Meske
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berlin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scharnagl
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: März
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Ohm
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007536:Isomerism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013111:Spider Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020867:omega-Agatoxin IVA
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D013111:Spider Venoms; D020867:omega-Agatoxin IVA; D002118:Calcium