title: Neuroactive steroid concentrations following metyrapone administration in depressed patients and healthy volunteers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is evidence that treatment with the 11 beta-hydroxylase inhibitor metyrapone may represent an alternative treatment strategy in major depression. As a consequence of inhibition of cortisol synthesis the overdrive of corticotropin leads to an accumulation of precursor steroids. However, the effects of metyrapone on the concentrations of endogenous neuroactive steroids that modulate ion channels, e.g., the GABAA receptor, have not yet been studied systematically.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therefore, we quantified the concentrations of an array of neuroactive steroids following administration of 1.5 g metyrapone before and after pretreatment with 1 mg dexamethasone in 19 patients suffering from severe depression in comparison to 13 healthy controls by means of a highly sensitive gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The administration of metyrapone induced a pronounced increase in all neuroactive steroids studied both in patients and controls that was prevented by dexamethasone pretreatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, the psychotropic properties of endogenous neuroactive steroids may contribute to the antidepressant properties of metyrapone in the treatment of major depression.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Clinical Institute, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rupprecht
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ströhle
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hermann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: di Michele
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spalletta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Holsboer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Romeo
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008797:Metyrapone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D013256:Steroids / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D013256:Steroids; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D008797:Metyrapone