title: Regulation of 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase activity and messenger RNA abundance in human vascular endothelial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The nitric oxide synthase cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is involved in the regulation of endothelium-dependent vascular functions mediated by nitric oxide. Vascular endothelial cells synthesize and secrete large amounts of BH4 on cytokine activation. There is scant knowledge about molecular mechanisms of cytokine-triggered BH4 production in endothelial cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pteridine production, mRNA expression of GTP cyclohydrolase (GTPCH) and 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS) (both key enzymes of BH4 biosynthesis), and PTPS activity were studied in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to inflammatory cytokines. BH4 levels were </=140-fold enhanced on treatment of HUVECs with combined interferon-gamma/tumor necrosis factor-alpha/interleukin-1 (IFN/TNF/IL-1). Specific PTPS activity was approximately 3-fold higher in cytokine-treated HUVECs than in untreated cells. Reverse-transcription/limiting-dilution polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that in response to IFN/TNF/IL-1, mRNA abundance of GTPCH and PTPS was increased approximately 64-fold and 10-fold, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates for the first time the cytokine-dependent regulation of PTPS, the second enzyme in BH4 synthesis. Although GTPCH is believed to be the rate-limiting step, control of endothelial PTPS expression by cytokines may play an important role in regulating BH4-dependent nitric oxide production in the vascular system.
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic B Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Linscheid
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schaffner
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Blau
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schoedon
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019761:Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases / Q000235:genetics*; D011621:Pteridines / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D011621:Pteridines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019761:Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases; C043497:6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase