title: Chemokine receptors and the molecular basis for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry into peripheral hematopoietic stem cells and their progeny.
abstract: There exist at least two major coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 entry into target cells, the CXCR-4 and CCR-5 chemokine receptors for T lymphocyte-tropic and macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1, respectively. Highly purified human CD34 cells derived from umbilical cord blood were shown not to express CD4, CXCR-4, and CCR-5 on their cell membranes, as analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometric analyses. However, expression of these molecules was inducible when highly purified CD34 cells underwent proliferation and differentiation along myeloid cell lineages, in the presence of suitable cocktails of hematopoietic growth factors. HIV-1 infectivity studies showed that macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1 could efficiently infect differentiated CD34 cells. T lymphocyte-tropic strains could not infect CD34 cells before or after induction of receptors and coreceptors. These data suggest that HIV-1 infection of CD34 cells and their progeny depends on membrane expression of the critical CD4 receptor, as well as certain chemokine coreceptors.
authors.affiliation: Dorrance H Hamilton Laboratories, Center for Human Virology, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Philadelphia, PA 19107-6799, USA.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dornadula
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dicker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoxie
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Peiper
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Pomerantz
authors.forename: L X
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D017931:DNA Primers; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4