title: Arabidopsis homologs of a c-Jun coactivator are present both in monomeric form and in the COP9 complex, and their abundance is differentially affected by the pleiotropic cop/det/fus mutations.
abstract: The CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC9 (COP9) complex is a nuclear localized, multisubunit protein complex essential for repression of light-mediated development in Arabidopsis. Mutations that abolish the complex result in constitutive photomorphogenic development in darkness and pleiotropic developmental defects in both light and darkness. Here, we report the identification of two apparently redundant genes, AJH1 and AJH2, that encode a subunit of the COP9 complex. Both AJH1 and AJH2 share high amino acid sequence identity (62 and 63%, respectively) with JAB1, a specific mammalian coactivator of AP-1 transcription. The proteins encoded by these two genes are present in both complex and monomeric forms, whereas complex formation is in part mediated by the direct interaction with FUSCA6. In addition, the stability of the monomeric AJH proteins requires functional COP1 and DEETIOLATED1 loci. Together with the fact that the previously known subunit FUSCA6 is an Arabidopsis homolog of human GPS1, a negative regulator of AP-1 transcription, our data suggest that the COP9 complex may contain both negative and positive regulators of transcription. Therefore, the COP9 complex may achieve its pleiotropic effects on Arabidopsis development by modulating activities of transcription factors in response to environmental stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Solano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuge
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Chamovitz
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ecker
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: X W
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D000075686:COP9 Signalosome Complex; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D015870:Gene Expression; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D009154:Mutation; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011506:Proteins; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C116870:AJH1 protein, Arabidopsis; C116871:AJH2 protein, Arabidopsis; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C086322:CSN1 protein, Arabidopsis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C103315:GPS1 protein, human; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; C501488:COPS5 protein, human; D000075686:COP9 Signalosome Complex; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins