title: Frontal dysfunction in neurologically normal chronic alcoholic subjects: metabolic and neuropsychological findings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neuropsychological and imaging studies suggest that frontal dysfunction may occur in apparently normal chronic alcoholic subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate this issue further, we performed neuropsychological and fluorodeoxy-glucose-PET studies in 17 chronic alcoholics without patent neurological and psychiatric complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metabolic abnormalities were found in the mediofrontal and in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, but not in the orbitofrontal cortex. Neuropsychological testing revealed significantly reduced verbal fluency and impaired performance on the Stroop test. The mediofrontal hypometabolism correlated with the reduction in verbal fluency and the time necessary to perform the interference condition of the Stroop test. The left dorsolateral prefrontal hypometabolism correlated with the number of errors on the Stroop test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that circumscribed frontal dysfunctions may occur in chronic alcoholic subjects before clinically obvious neurological complications, and may account for some of the alcohol-related neuropsychological and behavioural impairments.
authors.affiliation: Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, CEA, Orsay, France.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Dao-Castellana
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Samson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Legault
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martinot
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Aubin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crouzel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barrucand
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rancurel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Féline
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Syrota
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose