title: Toxicity of Xylocaine to rabbit corneal endothelium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the toxicity of lidocaine hydrochloride (Xylocaine) to the corneal endothelium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Ophthalmology, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbit corneas were excised and the endothelium was exposed to balanced salt solution (BSS), Xylocaine 1%, or Xylocaine 5% (5 corneas/group) for 20 minutes. The endothelium was then stained with trypan blue and alizarin red, and 5 photomicrographs were taken of each cornea at a standard magnification and analyzed with a digital imaging system (Biocom 200).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Xylocaine solutions produced changes in endothelial cell morphology, but there was no cell staining with trypan blue. Corneas exposed to Xylocaine 5% had more marked cell alterations. Small areas of cells were lost from all 15 corneas, mainly at the periphery, but the differences among the 3 groups of corneas were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure of rabbit corneal endothelium to Xylocaine solutions in vitro was not associated with trypan blue staining of endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Universitaire d'Ophthalmologie, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Legeais
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Obsler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Renard
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000633:toxicity*; D011817:Rabbits; D014343:Trypan Blue
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000880:Anthraquinones; C010078:alizarin; D008012:Lidocaine; D014343:Trypan Blue