title: Beta-carotene with vitamins E and C offers synergistic cell protection against NOx.
abstract: The peroxynitrite anion and the nitrogen dioxide (radical) are important toxic species which can arise in vivo from nitric oxide. Both in vivo and in vitro cell protection is demonstrated for beta-carotene in the presence of vitamin E and vitamin C. A synergistic protection is observed compared to the individual anti-oxidants and this is explained in terms of an electron transfer reaction in which the beta-carotene radical is repaired by vitamin C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology (Charité), Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Böhm
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Edge
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: McGarvey
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Truscott
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005609:Free Radicals; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D009566:Nitrates / Q000633:toxicity*; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D009566:Nitrates; D016877:Oxidants; D019207:beta Carotene; D014810:Vitamin E; C039642:peroxynitric acid; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide