title: Persistence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in respiratory infection in AIDS patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the clinical pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory infections in HIV-seropositive patients and to determine whether repeated isolation of the organism represents reinfection or recurrence and to assess whether common source, nosocomial infection occurred.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluation of the clinical pattern of P. aeruginosa respiratory infections by case note review and epidemiological characterization of P. aeruginosa by serotype determination and Xbal DNA macrorestriction analysis. Serum sensitivity testing of strains was performed to further define phenotypic characteristics of the isolated organisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-three per cent (29 out of 40) of individuals had P. aeruginosa isolated on two or more occasions in the setting of clinical respiratory infection. Overall, 85% had evidence of P. aeruginosa to within 2 months of study completion or death. Epidemiological characterization revealed persistence of unique single strains in 93% of individuals where multiple isolates were available for testing, whereas only two patients harboured a common strain. The serotype distribution of strains was similar to that reported from non-HIV-positive patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Once established, eradication of P. aeruginosa from the respiratory tract of HIV-seropositive individuals with advanced immunosuppression is problematic and a chronic infective state appears common. There was no evidence of nosocomial transmission. Serotype loss and development of sensitivity to normal human serum were both observed and were highly correlated. This represents truncation of O-antigenic lipopolysaccharide on the cell surface of P. aeruginosa and may reflect progression to phenotypes commonly associated with chronic infection in other clinical settings such as cystic fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genitourinary/HIV Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Asboe
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gant
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Aucken
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umasankar
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bingham
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Pitt
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D001770:Blood Bactericidal Activity; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D012703:Serotyping; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology