title: Sleep-related gastro-oesophageal reflux: provocation with a late evening meal and treatment with acid suppression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Two studies were carried out in order to investigate the issue of meal-provoked nocturnal gastrooesophageal reflux.
  
  
  METHODS
  In Experiment 1, 20 symptomatic reflux patients underwent both pH and polysomnographic monitoring on two nights. On one night, patients ate a non-provocative meal prior to 19.00 hours, while on the other night patients consumed a late evening meal (21.00 hours). In Experiment 2.17 symptomatic reflux patients were studied using pH and polysomnographic monitoring on two nights subsequent to a late evening provocative meal. On one night, patients received 75 mg of the H2-antagonist ranitidine, while on another night they received a placebo. The data from 12 of the 17 patients studied were used in the analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For Experiment 1, no significant differences in the number or duration of reflux events, acid exposure (total %), or polysomnographic measures of per cent of sleep stages between the two nights were observed. The results of the second experiment demonstrated that when given ranitidine, patients experienced significant decrease in acid contact time (total %), and mean duration of reflux events. Subjective reports of discomfort and sleep disturbance were also significantly improved on the drug night. However, significant differences in polysomnographic measures were not observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these results, we conclude that in some symptomatic reflux patients a late-night non-provocative meal may not increase the incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux, and that a low dose of an H2-antagonist is effective in decreasing oesophageal acid contact time following a late evening provocative meal.
authors.affiliation: Thomas N. Lynn Institute for Healthcare Research, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Harnish
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006356:Heartburn / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D010919:Placebos; D011899:Ranitidine