Learning disabilities, dyslexia, and vision: a subject review. Committee on Children with Disabilities, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS).
Learning disabilities are common conditions in pediatric patients. The etiology of these difficulties is multifactorial, reflecting genetic influences and abnormalities of brain structure and function. Early recognition and referral to qualified educational professionals is critical for the best possible outcome. Visual problems are rarely responsible for learning difficulties. No scientific evidence exists for the efficacy of eye exercises ("vision therapy") or the use of special tinted lenses in the remediation of these complex pediatric developmental and neurologic conditions.
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D010819:Physician's Role; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*