title: Vector analysis of the hemodynamics of atherogenesis in the human thoracic aorta using MR velocity mapping.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our study was designed to assess the applicability of MR velocity mapping for vector analysis of the hemodynamics of atherogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  MR velocity mapping was used to measure axial and nonaxial elements and the length of the wall shear rate (a spatial gradient of near-wall flow velocity parallel to the vessel wall) vector at 16 time points per cardiac cycle at eight anatomic locations of the thoracic aorta in six healthy subjects. An oscillatory shear index (a ratio of blood flow volume in the recessive direction divided by the sum of blood flow volume in both dominant and recessive directions) was introduced for analysis of the degree of oscillation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The time-averaged length, axial element, and nonaxial element of the wall shear rate vector were 118+/-53 sec(-1), 106+/-55 sec(-1), and 33+/-23 sec(-1), respectively. The oscillatory shear index in the axial direction was 0.06+/-0.10 and that in the nonaxial direction was 0.07+/-0.13. At the inner wall of the distal portion of the aortic arch, the length of the wall shear rate was smallest (74+/-32 sec(-1)) and oscillation in the axial direction was largest (0.16+/-0.19).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vector analysis of the wall shear rate in the thoracic aorta was successfully done with MR velocity mapping in humans. MR velocity mapping can noninvasively evaluate the hemodynamics of atherogenesis induced by the complicated blood flow.
authors.affiliation: The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shimamoto
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomaru
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toyo-oka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D018056:Hemorheology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging