title: High-dose therapy with autologous haematopoietic support in patients with transformed follicular lymphoma: a study of 27 patients from a single centre.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prognosis of patients with transformed follicular lymphoma (FL-t) is poor. The use of high-dose therapy (HDT) with autologous haematopoietic support was therefore evaluated as consolidation of remission.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven patients received high-dose cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation (cyclo + TBI) with autologous bone marrow (BM; n = 24) or peripheral blood progenitor cell support (PBPC; n = 3). BM was treated in vitro with anti-B cell antibodies and complement. Nineteen of 27 patients were treated in first stable remission following transformation. Eight other patients with a history of transformation were treated following a subsequent recurrence of follicular lymphoma (FL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  With a median follow-up of 2.4 years, 14 of 27 patients remain alive and in remission; five are alive and free of disease at more than four years. The median survival is 8.5 years. There were two 'early' treatment-related deaths of respiratory failure, and two 'late' deaths of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in remission of lymphoma at 2.8 and 8.5 years. Seven of nine patients having had a recurrence underwent re-biopsy. In two, histology revealed FL, in five, transformed follicular lymphoma. One of the patients with recurrent FL is alive without further therapy, and two of five patients with recurrent FL-t are alive and in remission after further chemotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is appropriate to consider HDT for younger patients with FL-t in remission. Repeat biopsy should be considered for patients with recurrent disease. There is a risk of late MDS in patients undergoing this treatment.
authors.affiliation: ICRF Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Foran
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Apostolidis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Papamichael
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Amess
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lister
authors.forename: A Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Rohatiner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D003520:Cyclophosphamide