title: Involvement of simultaneous multiple transcription factor expression, including cAMP responsive element binding protein and OCT-1, for synovial cell outgrowth in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate possible roles of several transcription factors in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the transcription factor expression in RA synovial tissue and their contribution to RA synovial cell functions were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single cell suspension of dissociated synovial tissue was cultured to induce in vitro tissue outgrowth of RA synovial cells. Transcription factors were immunohistochemically identified in RA synovial tissue obtained by joint surgery and in the in vitro tissue outgrowth, and confirmed by western blotting and gel shift assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemical examination of RA synovial tissue revealed simultaneous expression of various transcription factors (NF-kappa B, c-Jun (a component of AP-1), cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB), and OCT-1). The same set of transcription factors was expressed in the in vitro tissue outgrowth of RA patients. The early passage RA synovial cells were treated with interleukin 1 beta (IL1 beta) and confirmed translocation of transcription factors into the nucleus by western blotting, and their DNA binding activity by gel shift assays.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study emphasises the importance of the simultaneous expression of several transcription factors for the hyperactivity of RA synovial cells that leads to tissue outgrowth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wakisaka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeno
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeba
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagafuchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakane
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D051863:Host Cell Factor C1; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050811:Octamer Transcription Factor-1; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497692:HCFC1 protein, human; D051863:Host Cell Factor C1; D007375:Interleukin-1; D050811:Octamer Transcription Factor-1; C494165:POU2F1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors