title: The modified dipeptide, enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, is transported by the rat liver organic anion transport protein.
abstract: Oatp1, the organic anion transport polypeptide, is an integral membrane protein cloned from rat liver that mediates the uptake of various organic anions such as bromosulfophthalein (BSP) and taurocholate (TCA). Recent studies by others revealed that the thrombin inhibitor, CRC 220, a modified dipeptide, was transported by oatp1. The present study was designed to examine whether another modified peptide, enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, was also a substrate. Transport was studied with enalapril (1 to 800 micromol/L, with [3H]enalapril) in a HeLa cell line stably transfected with oatp1-cDNA under the regulation of a Zn2+-inducible promoter. Noninduced transfected cells (without zinc) that did not express oatp1 failed to take up enalapril. In contrast, cells expressing oatp1 transported enalapril, estrone sulfate (E1S), taurolithocholic acid sulfate (TLCAS), and the glutathione conjugate of BSP (BSPGSH). Uptake of enalapril by oatp1 at 37 degreesC was substantially higher than that at 4 degreesC. The rate at 37 degreesC (uptake rates for induced - noninduced, transfected cells) was linear over 5 minutes and was concentration-dependent, characterized by a Km of 214 +/- 67 micromol/L and a Vmax of 0.51 +/- 0.15 nmol/min/mg protein. Enalapril uptake was inhibited competitively by BSP (at 1, 5, 10, and 50 micromol/L) and TCA (at 5, 25, and 100 micromol/L) with inhibition constants (Ki) of 2 and 32 micromol/L, respectively. The metabolite enalaprilat was, however, not transported by oatp1. That oatp1 is not a general transporter of anionic compounds was further shown by the lack of transport of harmol sulfate, benzoate, and hippurate. These observations attest to the role of oatp1 as a specific transporter for at least two classes of pharmacologically important peptides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Wolkoff
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D000838:Anions; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004656:Enalapril / Q000378:metabolism*; D004970:Estrone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051381:Rats; D013448:Sulfobromophthalein / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013656:Taurocholic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D013658:Taurolithocholic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D014316:Tritium; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; D000838:Anions; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D013448:Sulfobromophthalein; D014316:Tritium; D004970:Estrone; D013658:Taurolithocholic Acid; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D004656:Enalapril; D005978:Glutathione; D015032:Zinc; C017296:estrone sulfate