title: The levels of retinal mRNA for gefiltin, a neuronal intermediate filament protein, are regulated by the tectum during optic fiber regeneration in the goldfish.
abstract: Reorganization of the intermediate filament (IF) network during axonal regeneration is accompanied by changes in the expression of various IF proteins. An increase in expression of the neuronal IF subunit gefiltin in goldfish retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) has been linked to the unique ability of the goldfish optic nerve to regenerate following injury. Evidence suggests that the optic tectum, the target of optic fibers, may regulate the expression of gefiltin during regeneration. To address this issue we examined gefiltin mRNA levels during optic fiber regeneration in the presence or absence of the tectum. We found that gefiltin mRNA levels in the RGCs of animals that received an optic nerve crush (ONC group) began increasing by 10 days, peaked from 20 to 38 days at 5.5-fold over normal, and declined to near normal values by 115 days. In animals that had the entire tectum removed as well as an optic nerve crush (ETR group), gefiltin mRNA levels increased by 10 days, peaked at 20 days at 5.5 to 6.5-fold over normal, and although they dropped slightly thereafter, they remained elevated at 5-fold over normal for at least 115 days. When axons regenerated to the ipsilateral tectal lobe as a result of a left tectal lobe removal and left eye removal surgery (LTR/LER group), the expression pattern of gefiltin mRNA paralleled that of the ONC group. We also found that the abundance of gefiltin subunits in the retina was elevated at 30 days of regeneration in ONC and ETR animals, and that levels in the nerve were reconstituted to 80% of normal by 30 days. These results demonstrate that increases in gefiltin mRNA and protein levels during optic nerve regeneration are independent of the tectum, whereas the downregulation of gefiltin mRNA levels in the late stages of regeneration is entirely dependent upon the tectum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Niloff
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D029941:Fish Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006054:Goldfish; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009409:Nerve Crush; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development*; D020221:Optic Nerve Injuries; D011392:Proline / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012160:Retina / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C085833:gefiltin protein, Carassius auratus; D014316:Tritium; D011392:Proline