title: Evaluation of the relationship between semen parameters, pregnancy rate of wives of infertile men with varicocele, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone test before and after varicocelectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) test can serve as an indicator for the need and timing of surgery in infertile men with varicocele.
  
  
  METHODS
  The GnRH test was performed in 121 infertile men with varicocele before surgical correction and 4 to 6, 9 to 12, and 16 to 18 months after. Levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were evaluated immediately before the test and 45 minutes after intravenous injection of 100 jig Relisorm L (a synthetic GnRH analogue). Eighteen fertile men with normal semen parameters served as control patients for defining the preoperative hormone levels. A more than twofold increase in FSH and a more than fivefold increase in LH was considered a positive result. Findings were correlated with semen parameters and rate of pregnancy in the patients' wives at 18 months postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 121 patients, 89 (73.5%) had a positive GnRH test result, and 32 had a negative result. Semen parameters were improved postoperatively in 72 of the GnRH-positive patients (80.9%) and in only 6 of the GnRH-negative patients (1 8.7%). Corresponding pregnancy rates at 18 months in the two subgroups were 60 (67.4%) and 3 (9.3%), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A positive preoperative GnRH test is a good predictor of improvement in semen parameters and pregnancy after varicocele surgery. We suggest that the GnRH test can serve as an additional indicator for varicocelectomy.
authors.affiliation: Andrology Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqva, Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Segenreich
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Israilov
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shmuele
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Niv
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baniel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Livne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011300:Preoperative Care; D013076:Sperm Count; D014646:Varicocele / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone