title: The protective effectiveness of natural rotavirus infection in an American Indian population.
abstract: The degree of protection conferred by natural rotavirus infection was estimated through analyses of data gathered as part of a 2-year rotavirus vaccine study of 1185 Native American infants. In 292 placebo recipients with complete serum sample sets, rotavirus IgA antibody indicative of infection before 2 months of age was associated with a 58% decrease in symptomatic infections throughout the trial. In all 391 placebo recipients, the preventive effectiveness of an initial symptomatic infection was 72% overall and 94% within 6 months following the infection. In contrast to studies conducted at other sites in the United States, serotype G3 was the predominant serotype associated with gastrointestinal episodes (80%). The effectiveness of an initial serotype G3 episode with respect to preventing subsequent serotype G3 episodes was 91%.
authors.affiliation: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. lmoulton@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Moulton
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Staat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santosham
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000276:immunology; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012703:Serotyping; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014765:Viral Vaccines
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D014765:Viral Vaccines