title: Chronic, low-level (1.0 W/kg) exposure of mice prone to mammary cancer to 2450 MHz microwaves.
abstract: In a previous study (Frei et al., Bioelectromagnetics 19, 20-31, 1998), we showed that low-level (0.3 W/kg), long-term exposure of mice prone to mammary tumors to 2450 MHz radiofrequency (RF) radiation did not affect the incidence of mammary tumors, latency to tumor onset, tumor growth rate or animal survival when compared to sham-irradiated animals. In the current study, the specific absorption rate (SAR) was increased from 0.3 W/kg to 1.0 W/kg. The same biological end points were used. One hundred C3H/HeJ mice were exposed in circularly polarized waveguides for 78 weeks (20 h/day, 7 days/week) to continuous-wave, 2450 MHz RF radiation; 100 mice were sham-exposed. There was no significant difference between exposed and sham-exposed groups with respect to the incidence of palpated mammary tumors (sham-exposed = 30%; irradiated = 38%), latency to tumor onset (sham-exposed = 62.0 +/- 2.3 weeks; irradiated = 62.5 +/- 2.2 weeks) and rate of tumor growth. Histopathological evaluations revealed no significant difference in numbers of malignant, metastatic or benign neoplasms between the two groups. Thus long-term exposures of mice prone to mammary tumors to 2450 MHz RF radiation at SARs of 0.3 and 1.0 W/kg had no significant effects when compared to sham-irradiated animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78284, USA.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Frei
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jauchem
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Dusch
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Merritt
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stedham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000528:radiation effects; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008872:Microwaves; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000473:pathology*; D016019:Survival Analysis