Saponin contents and anticarcinogenic effects of ginseng depending on types and ages in mice.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the anticarcinogenic effects of fresh, white, and red ginseng (Panax ginseng C A Meyer) roots and their saponins.


METHODS
Lung adenoma in newborn N:GP (S) mice was induced by a subcutaneous injection of benzo(a)pyrene 0.5 mg. After weaning, ginseng powders or extracts were given in the drinking water for 6 wk. In the 9th wk the incidence and multiplicity of lung adenoma were counted.


RESULTS
Anticarcinogenic effects were found in 6-year-dried fresh ginseng, 5- and 6-year white ginseng, and 4-, 5-, and 6-year-red ginseng powders. Anticarcinogenic effects were also found in 6-year-dried fresh ginseng, 5- and 6-year-white ginseng, and 4-, 5-, and 6-year-red ginseng extracts. The content of major ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1 showed a little higher tendency in fresh or white ginsengs than red ginseng. This tendency was increased as the cultivation ages were increased. But there was no relationship was found between ginsenoside contents and preparation types or cultivation ages.


CONCLUSIONS
Long-cultivated ginseng and red ginseng contain a higher amount of anticarcinogenic components.
Yun
T K
TK
Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Nowon-Ku, Seoul, Korea.
Lee
Y S
YS
Kwon
H Y
HY
Choi
K J
KJ
D000236:Adenoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D005260:Female; D036145:Ginsenosides; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012503:Saponins / Q000032:analysis*
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D036145:Ginsenosides; D012503:Saponins; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene