title: The development of the Short Explanatory Model Interview (SEMI) and its use among primary-care attenders with common mental disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent anthropological studies have documented the importance of understanding the relation of culture to the experience of mental illness. The use of interviews that elicit explanatory models has facilitated such research, but currently available interviews are lengthy and impractical for epidemiological studies. This paper is a preliminary report on the development of a brief instrument to elicit explanatory models for use in field work.
  
  
  METHODS
  The development of the SEMI, a short interview to elicit explanatory models is described. The interview explores the subject's cultural background, nature of presenting problem, help-seeking behaviour, interaction with physician/healer and beliefs related to mental illness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SEMI was employed to study the explanatory models of subjects with common mental disorders among Whites, African-Caribbean and Asians living in London and was also used in Harare, Zimbabwe. Data from its use in four different ethnic groups is presented with the aim of demonstrating its capacity to show up differences in these varied settings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The simplicity and brevity of the SEMI allow for its use in field studies in different cultures, data can be used to provide variables for use in quantitative analysis and provide qualitative descriptions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, University of Exeter.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: St Louis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhugra
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mann
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D001208:Asia / Q000208:ethnology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D017691:Caribbean Region / Q000208:ethnology; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005008:Ethnopsychology; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008273:Magic; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D015030:Zimbabwe / Q000453:epidemiology