title: Chromatin texture signatures in nuclei from prostate lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize nuclei from prostatic lesions in a highly specific manner by developing a nuclear chromatin texture signature and to characterize lesions by means of their composition of nuclei with diverse degrees of deviation from normal.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-resolution digitized imagery of nuclei from normal prostates, from prostatic neoplastic lesions of low and high grade and from histologically normal appearing regions of prostates with low and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) lesions were recorded. A set of 65 features descriptive of the spatial and statistical distribution of nuclear chromatin was computed for each nucleus. These features were arranged and processed to form a distinctive signature. A distance metric from "normal" was defined and computed for each nucleus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Profiles of feature values can, after suitable scaling, be presented as distinctive feature value signatures. For many practical applications, profiles based on a standardized distance from normal nuclei may be more useful. Such profiles allow the derivation of a progression curve, showing increasing distances for diagnostic groups with increasing lesion progression up to high grade PIN lesions. Within each diagnostic group different cases show distinctive distributions of nuclei with differing degrees of deviation from normal, allowing the derivation of a lesion signature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nuclear chromatin texture signatures may be of value for the characterization of both nuclei and lesions. They are based on a more comprehensive use of information offered by the nuclear chromatin pattern than that included in classification methods. While these signatures offer a more specific characterization of a clinical sample, they also are subject to more variability within a diagnostic category. This may not be due to randomness but may reflect some actual differences between lesions.
authors.affiliation: Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montironi
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vaught
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Bartels
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D002843:Chromatin / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D019044:Image Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin