Adherence to non-pharmacologic therapy for hypertension: problems and solutions.
The efficacy of a number of non-pharmacologic interventions in the therapy of primary hypertension has been firmly established. Most prominently, weight reduction, sodium restriction, and alcohol restriction have significant effects on lowering blood pressure. Increased physical activity contributes to management of hypertensive patients in a variety of ways: apart from having a direct impact on blood pressure level, it is an important supportive factor in a weight-reducing regime. The success in applying these non-pharmacologic measures in standard patient population is rather limited. A salient example is the lack of success in weight reduction. Reduction of sodium in the diet is somewhat more successful, however, the problem is that most of the salt intake is non-discretionary. Adherence to physical activity regimes is in the range of what has been observed in pharmacologic therapy. Research and experience in the past few years are providing a better understanding of the factors determining compliance with prescribed therapeutical regimes. Further research is needed to develop innovative strategies for providing efficacious non-pharmacologic measures to hypertensive patients.
Fodor
G
G
University of Ottawa Heart Institute Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre, ON. gfodor@heartinst.on.ca
Cutler
H
H
Irvine
J
J
Ramsden
V
V
Tremblay
G
G
Chockalingam
A
A
D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D015444:Exercise; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D015431:Weight Loss