title: Technical note. Estimated electrode operating conditions of the first London Mk V implanted stimulator.
abstract: The electrodes of an implanted stimulator must be operated in such a way that the task of converting an electron current in metal to an ion current in tissue is achieved without release of noxious chemical species into the tissue, and without significant corrosion of the electrode metal. Both these effects depend on the charge density at which the electrodes are operated. In bringing a newly designed multichannel stimulator into service, the charge densities can only be known when the operating stimulus strengths have been determined. Even then, unless the stimulator is arranged to telemeter out what it is doing, any charge-density figures obtained have the character of estimates, rather than measurements. The first London Mk. V stimulator is used to enable a paraplegic woman to stand up. This note provides estimates of the average charge density and corrosion rate for the Pt--Ir electrodes used. These fall within limits which we believe to be generally accepted as safe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, Shropshire House, London, UK.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: N de N
authors.initials: Nde N
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Rushton
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Perkins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016880:Anisotropy; D003343:Corrosion; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000592:standards*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000628:therapy*; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots; D013686:Telemetry; D013997:Time Factors