title: Swimming capacity of mice is increased by oral administration of a nonpungent capsaicin analog, stearoyl vanillylamide.
abstract: Intravenous injection of stearoyl vanillylamide (C18-VA), a nonpungent capsaicin (CAP) analog, enhances adrenaline secretion significantly and as effectively as CAP in rats. Because swimming capacity was enhanced by CAP in mice due to CAP-induced adrenal catecholamine secretion, we investigated the effects of oral administration of C18-VA on swimming capacity using an adjustable-current water pool. Male Std ddY 6-wk-old mice were fed a commercial diet for this study and one group was orally administered C18-VA via a stomach tube. Treated mice were able to swim longer before exhaustion than the control mice (62.9 +/- 5.6 vs. 49.6 +/- 7. 0 min, P < 0.05). The swimming capacity of two groups administered C18-VA (0.02 and 0.033 mmol/kg) was significantly greater than that of those administered vehicle alone, (P < 0.05). Substance P concentration in cerebrospinal fluid, which is involved in pain transmission and is the first direct measure of pungency, was not affected by C18-VA administration. In an experiment examining the effects of C18-VA on serum adrenaline concentration, adrenaline was significantly greater in C18-VA treated mice than in controls at 2-h post-dose (C18-VA group, 26.09 +/- 2.82; control group 13.29 +/- 0. 96 microg/L, P < 0.01). In a separate study free fatty acids in serum were elevated in treated mice at 2-h post-dose (P < 0.01). While serum glucose concentration was not affected. These results suggest that C18-VA increased swimming capacity of mice via adrenaline release, independent of pungency. In addition, the present study suggests the usefulness of its application to humans.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fushiki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010146:Pain; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000187:drug effects*; D013373:Substance P / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; C115694:stearoyl vanillylamide; D013373:Substance P; D002211:Capsaicin; D004837:Epinephrine