title: Clinical and physiological effects of stereotaxic bilateral amygdalotomy for intractable aggression.
abstract: The amygdala is thought to be an important neural structure underlying the "fight-or-flight" response, but information on its role in humans is scarce. The clinical and psychophysiological effects of amygdalar destruction were studied in 2 patients who underwent bilateral amygdalotomy for intractable aggression. After surgery, both patients showed a reduction in autonomic arousal levels to stressful stimuli and in the number of aggressive outbursts, although both patients continued to have difficulty controlling aggression. The "taming effect" reported after bilateral amygdalar destruction may be due to the amygdala's inadequate processing of perceived threat stimuli that would normally produce a fight-or-flight response.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-4010, USA. deptsurg.glee@mail.mcg.edu
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bechara
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adolphs
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Meador
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Loring
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D000679:Amygdala / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004576:Electromyography; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests