title: The effect of nilvadipine, a calcium-channel blocker, on the hemodynamics of retrobulbar vessels in normal-tension glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of nilvadipine, a calcium-channel blocker, on the hemodynamics of retrobulbar vessels in normal-tension glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five patients who prospectively met the enrollment criteria underwent color Doppler imaging of the retrobulbar vessels before and after receiving 4 weeks of treatment with 2 mg oral nilvadipine twice daily.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nilvadipine significantly increased the end-diastolic velocity in the central retinal artery and a short posterior ciliary artery. It significantly reduced the resistance index in the central retinal artery and posterior ciliary arteries, but not in the ophthalmic artery. The calculated ocular perfusion pressure was not affected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral nilvadipine reduces vascular resistance in distal retrobulbar arteries in normal-tension glaucoma without affecting more proximal blood vessels. Therefore, nilvadipine may have a beneficial effect on the hemodynamics of retrobulbar vessels in normal-tension glaucoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitazawa
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019842:Ciliary Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; C035100:nilvadipine; D009543:Nifedipine