Radiation and the G2 phase of the cell cycle.
Exposure of mammalian cells to X rays results in prolongation of the cell cycle, including delays or arrests in G1, S and G2 phase. While G1-phase arrest occurs only in cells with wild-type p53 function, a G2-phase delay occurs in all cells regardless of p53 status. In this review, we summarize what is known about cell cycle progression through G2 and M phase and discuss the experimental findings that implicate different mechanisms in the G2-phase delay. Finally, we consider the possibility that G2-phase arrest plays a role in cell survival after irradiation.
Hwang
A
A
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
Muschel
R J
RJ
D000818:Animals; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D019926:Cyclin B / Q000378:metabolism; D056744:Cyclin B1; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D014965:X-Rays
C534699:CCNB1 protein, human; D019926:Cyclin B; D056744:Cyclin B1; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase