title: [Clinical utility of measurement for anti-GM1 and anti-GQ1b antibodies].
abstract: Gangliosides, important constituents of the plasma membrane, are particularly abundant in the nervous system. Some patients develop Guillain-Barré syndrome after the administration of bovine brain gangliosides. We previously showed existence of molecular mimicry between GM1 ganglioside and lipopolysaccharide of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from the patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome, and that between GQ1b and C. jejuni isolated from Fisher's syndrome patients. Moreover, the anti-ganglioside antibody can cause motor nerve dysfunction in vitro. These support the pathogenic significance of anti-ganglioside antibodies. To clarify clinical utility of measurement for anti-GM1 and anti-GQ1b antibodies, we investigated sera from 429 patients with immunoneurological diseases included Fisher's syndrome, Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis, acute ophthalmoparesis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, multifocal motor neuropathy, and controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found very high titers of IgM anti-GM1 antibody in serum from a patient who had been diagnosed as having motor neuron disease. By further electrophysiological study, the patient was diagnosed as having multifocal motor neuropathy. Presence of high IgG anti-GM1 antibody titers was useful for supporting diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome, IgG anti-GQ1b antibody was detected in patients who had paresis of extraocular muscles in Fisher's syndrome, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis, and acute ophthalmoparesis. This study showed that the measurement for anti-GM1 and anti-GQ1b antibodies are very useful.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yuki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000276:immunology*; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019846:Miller Fisher Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000276:immunology*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D011129:Polyradiculoneuropathy / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D005732:Gangliosides; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; C039129:GQ1b ganglioside