title: Laparo-endoscopic "rendezvous": a new technique in the choledocholithiasis treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic sphincterotomy for common bile duct stone clearance during laparoscopic cholecystectomy may fail due to difficulties in cannulating the papilla major. In this study we propose a new technique that facilitates the cannulation of the papilla and the common bile duct stone clearance during a standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Its clearance percentage, complication rate and post-operative stay have been evaluated and compared with standardized procedures such as open surgery and endoscopic sphincterotomy before laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a group of 16 patients presenting with cholelithiasis and common bile duct stones or papillitis, the sphincterotome was driven across the papilla into the choledochus by a Dormia basket passed in the duodenum through the cystic duct during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Measures of outcome were clearance rate, mortality, morbidity and hospital stay. Furthermore, data obtained from this sample of patients were compared with those from another two groups of 16 patients in which choledocholithiasis was managed either by endoscopic sphincterotomy performed before laparoscopic cholecystectomy or by open cholecystectomy and trans-duodenal sphincterotomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of cannulation of the papilla and of the common bile duct stone clearance was 100% when the combined endo-laparoscopic approach was used in 15 patients with endoscopic sphincterotomy (93,7%) and in 15 patients with open sphincterotomy (93,7%), cholecystectomy was successful in every case. The groups were statistically similar with regard to complications; none of the patients required blood transfusion. The mean post operative stay was 95.2 hours (range 48-240) for the first group, 350.1 hours (range 192-1680) for the second and 69.7 hours (range 24-132) for the third.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The laparo-endoscopic rendezvous, though still in evolution, is an efficacious method which can be used during the laparoscopic strategy of common bile duct clearance.
authors.affiliation: University of Pisa Medical School, Department of Surgery, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cavina
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sidoti
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goletti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buccianti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiarugi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002758:Cholangiography; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic