title: Influence of nasal fontanel receptors on the regulation of tracheobronchal vagal tone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis according that the receptors located in the nasal fontanels influence the regulation of the tracheobronchial tree vagus tone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in respiratory parameters (forced expiratory volume in the first second- FEV1 and total resistance- Rt) occurring consequentially to light mechanical nasal stimulation were determined in healthy volunteer, non-smokers using spirometric and body plethysmographic measurements. The parameters were measured before and at 15 and 60 min after mechanical stimulation with cotton pledge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In subjects in whom the middle nasal meatus was stimulated by a cotton pledge soaked in saline, FEV1 decreased (p=0.01) and Rt increased (p=0.03). In subjects in whom the middle nasal meatus was stimulated by a cotton pledge soaked in 5% cocaine solution, no change was observed. In the control group of subjects, in whom the inferior nasal concha was stimulated by a cotton pledge soaked in saline, only a statistically significant decrease for FEV1 (p=0.04) was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a reflex communication between the nasal fontanel receptors and lungs, which is regulating the tracheobronchial vagal tone and resistance in lung airways. Further studies of this important physiologic relation are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cevicofacial Surgery, Dr. Josip Bencevic General Hospital, Andrije Stampara 42, HR-35000 Slavonski Brod, Croatia. opbolsb@alf.tel.hr
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milicić
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mladina
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Djanić
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prgomet
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leović
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001980:Bronchi / Q000502:physiology*; D001986:Bronchial Spasm; D003042:Cocaine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009129:Muscle Tonus / Q000502:physiology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology*; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000187:drug effects; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000294:innervation*; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014132:Trachea / Q000502:physiology*; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents
chemical_list: D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D003042:Cocaine