Detection of ethanol consumption by ELISA assay measurement of acetaldehyde adducts in murine hair.
Acetaldehyde (AA), a principal metabolite of ethanol, reacts with proteins to form protein-AA adducts in vivo and in vitro. We studied three different protein-AA adducts produced in vitro, as well as hair keratin-AA adducts from ethanol-fed and/or cocaine-injected mice. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed that detected the stable protein-AA adducts in protein isolated from hair. Cocaine injection had little effect on hair AA adduct formation. The indirect ELISA assay showed significantly increased levels of keratin-AA adducts in hair from mice fed ethanol for 8 weeks. Hair collection was noninvasive and the AA-protein adducts were stable. Therefore, this indirect ELISA assay could be further developed as a biochemical parameter for alcoholism in the clinical setting.
Watson
R R
RR
Arizona Prevention Center, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724, USA. rwatson@u.arizona.edu
Solkoff
D
D
Wang
J Y
JY
Seeto
K
K
D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000378:metabolism; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
D006454:Hemoglobins; D011506:Proteins; D000431:Ethanol; D007633:Keratins; D006433:Hemocyanins; D000079:Acetaldehyde; D003042:Cocaine