title: A new treatment for penile conservation in penile carcinoma: a preliminary study of combined laser hyperthermia, radiation and chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of laser hyperthermia in penis-conserving therapy for penile carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Penile carcinoma KPK-1 cells were transplanted into nude mice to induce tumour; the effects of laser hyperthermia, the chemotherapeutic agent peplomycin, or their combination on the inhibition of KPK-1 tumour growth were assessed. In a clinical study, two patients with well-differentiated, stage T2 penile tumours with corporeal involvement were treated to conserve the penis using concurrent radiation, laser hyperthermia and peplomycin. They had no pathologically identified regional lymph node metastasis. Radiation was given for 5 days a week for 3 weeks at a total dose of 30 Gy. Nd:YAG laser hyperthermia was administered at 42-43 degrees C for 15 min twice a week for 3 weeks immediately after radiation. Peplomycin (10 mg per day) was administered intravenously over 24 h together with the laser hyperthermia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combined treatment with laser hyperthermia and peplomycin completely inhibited KPK-1 tumour growth, but the treatment with either laser hyperthermia or peplomycin alone had little effect. The results were also corroborated by the histopathological findings; the necrotic area in mice treated with combined therapy was much larger than that in those treated with laser hyperthermia alone. Both patients given combined laser hyperthermia, radiation and peplomycin were treated successfully, with the penis and sexual function conserved, and both survived for > 7 years with no evidence of any local or regional recurrence. There were no major complications related to the combined treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary study showed that combined treatment with laser hyperthermia, radiation and peplomycin might be a promising therapy for conserving the penis in some patients with stage T2 penile tumours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirahama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takemoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nobori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D010413:Penis; D017663:Peplomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D017663:Peplomycin