title: Statistical issues for HIV surrogate endpoints: point/counterpoint. An NIAID workshop.
abstract: This paper summarizes the proceedings of an NIAID-sponsored workshop on statistical issues for HIV surrogate endpoints. The workshop brought together statisticians and clinicians in an attempt to shed light on some unresolved issues in the use of HIV laboratory markers (such as HIV RNA and CD4+ cell counts) in the design and analysis of clinical studies and in patient management. Utilizing a debate format, the workshop explored a series of specific questions dealing with the relationship between markers and clinical endpoints, and the choice of endpoints and methods of analysis in clinical studies. This paper provides the position statements from the two debaters on each issue. Consensus conclusions, based on the presentations and discussion, are outlined. While not providing final answers, we hope that these discussions have helped clarify a number of issues, and will stimulate further consideration of some of the highlighted problems. These issues will be critical in the proper assessment and use of future therapies for HIV disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7620, USA. ja24o@nih.gov
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reichelderfer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Coombs
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Demasi
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Flandre
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kalish
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Larntz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Marschner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neaton
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pettinelli
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rida
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Welles
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018450:Disease Progression; D006678:HIV / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012367:RNA, Viral