title: Yolk sac tumor with a unique uniform hepatoid pattern histology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Yolk sac tumors (YST) exhibit several different histological subtypes and the mechanisms of cellular differentiation and prognosis of each subtype remain unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report two infants with sacrococcygeal YST; one represented a typical histological subtype and the other showed a hepatoid subtype with uniform histology. The isoform of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the patient with the hepatoid pattern was examined by lectin-affinity immunoelectrophoresis and represented as a YST, but not hepatocellular, subtype. The patient with typical YST responded well to VAB-6 combination chemotherapy. However, this regimen was only partially effective to the patient with the pure hepatoid histological subtype, and an etoposide with ifosfamide and cisplatin (VIP) regimen as a salvage chemotherapy combined with complete tumor resection was useful to achieve complete remission (CR). Both of the patients have been in CR for more than four years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Ishikawa, Japan. pedialib@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichihara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamagami
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taketa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koizumi
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018240:Endodermal Sinus Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012445:Sacrococcygeal Region; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins