title: Risk assessment of cadmium toxicity on hepatic and renal tissues of rats.
abstract: Pollution and industrial practices result in concentrations of metals and other environmental agents that are related to environmental toxicity. A rat bioassay was utilized for the identification of toxic effects of cadmium intake. This demonstrated increased total urinary proteins and increased kidney weights in rats exposed to CdCl2 for 7 days, in drinking water (100 mg/L). Serum creatinine, total and direct bilirubin concentrations and alanine transaminase activity were increased in Cd-exposed rats, indicating renal and hepatic toxicity. It was also observed that lipoperoxide concentrations were increased, while Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activity was decreased in rats treated with cadmium. This indicated that the renal and hepatic toxicity induced by cadmium involved superoxide radicals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Novelli
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: N L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: B O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Ribas
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011507:Proteinuria; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D013481:Superoxides / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D013481:Superoxides; D003404:Creatinine; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; D001663:Bilirubin