title: [1% mepivacaine and axillary block: duration of the sensory and motor blockade].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the duration of both sensory and motor blockade of brachial plexus with 40 mL 1% mepivacaine after axillary or midhumeral approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, open, non-comparative, multicentric study.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty patients, ASA physical class 1 and 2, scheduled for hand or forearm surgery under brachial plexus block were included.
  
  
  METHODS
  A midhumeral or axillary brachial plexus block using a nerve stimulator was performed with 40 mL of 1% mepivacaine. Sensory blockade was tested for each cutaneous area (median, radial, ulnar, musculocutaneous and medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm) using pin-prick. Motor blockade was assessed by grip strength of the hand. Incidence and duration of analgesia, anaesthesia and motor blockade were assessed. The incidence of tourniquet pain and the time when pain occurred were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the nerve area tested, analgesia and anaesthesia were obtained in 98% and 85% of cases respectively; duration of anaesthesia was between 150 +/- 40 to 167 +/- 49 minutes and duration of analgesia was from 184 +/- 50 to 205 +/- 51 minutes. Duration of paralysis was 144 +/- 40 minutes and duration of paresis was 190 +/- 51 minutes. Pain occurred in three out of 138 patients at tourniquet inflation and in six patients after completion of surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mid humeral or axillary block with 40 mL of 1% mepivacaine is highly successful and provides efficient surgical anaesthesia for various surgical procedures of intermediary duration.
authors.affiliation: Département d'anesthésie-réanimation, hôpital de la Conception, CHU de Marseille, France.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Choquet
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001365:Axilla / Q000294:innervation; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000187:drug effects*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery; D006225:Hand / Q000601:surgery; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008475:Median Nerve / Q000187:drug effects; D008619:Mepivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D009138:Musculocutaneous Nerve / Q000187:drug effects; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000187:drug effects*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011826:Radial Nerve / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014111:Tourniquets / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008619:Mepivacaine
vernacular_title: Mépivacaïne à 1% et bloc axillaire: durée du bloc sensitif et moteur.