title: Marginal ulcer after gastric bypass: a prospective 3-year study of 173 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Marginal ulceration (MU) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a well-recognized complication. Its incidence varies between 1% and 16%. Factors associated with the development of MU include pouch size, pouch orientation, staple line integrity, and mucosal ischemia. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and Helicobacter pylori may also contribute to MU, but their mechanism of action in the RYGB patient has not been studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1994 a prospective 3-year study was designed to document the incidence of MU after near-total gastric bypass (NTGB). In this procedure the transected pouch was limited to the cardia, and the gastrojejunostomy was made along the greater curvature. A total of 173 patients entered the study. All patients who experienced postoperative nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain underwent endoscopic examination of the pouch, stoma, and proximal Roux-en-Y limb. Gastrograffin studies were used within the first 2 weeks of operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One year after operation, MU was not identified in any patient. At 3 years follow-up, MU was documented in one patient (0.6%) with a dilated gastric reservoir (60 cc).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study reviews the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of MU in the RYGB patient and offers specific recommendations to reduce its occurrence. It also confirms a preliminary impression that NTGB is an effective operation in preventing MU formation.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Services, Detroit Riverview Hospital, MI, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sapala
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sapala
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Flake
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000713:Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007582:Jejunostomy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D015431:Weight Loss