title: Albendazole-related drug residues in milk and their fate during cheesemaking, ripening, and storage.
abstract: The level and nature of the albendazole residues in milk of treated cows were determined as a function of the time of milking (12-h intervals), and the fate of those residues during cheesemaking, ripening, and storage was examined when the obtained milk was used for making Teleme cheese. Ion-pair liquid chromatographic analysis with fluorescence detection showed that the albendazole sulfoxide metabolite reached its maximum (523 +/- 199 micrograms/kg) at the 1st milking and declined below the detection limit by the 4th milking. The sulfone metabolite attained its highest level (812 +/- 99 micrograms/kg) more slowly (at the 2nd milking) and declined below detection limit by the 13th milking. The 2-aminosulfone metabolite, which was present in the milk obtained at the 1st milking, reached its maximum (128 +/- 36 micrograms/kg) at the 3rd milking, and slowly declined to a level below detection limit by the 15th milking. Whey and cheese analysis revealed that about 70% of each major metabolite initially present in milk could be distributed in the whey. The remaining 30% occurred in the cheese at residue levels higher than those initially present in the milk of the 1st or 2nd milking (688 versus 445 or 450 versus 230 micrograms/kg for albendazole sulfoxide; 890 versus 608 or 1502 versus 783 micrograms/kg for albendazole sulfone; 19 versus 15 or 161 versus 105 micrograms/kg for albendazole 2-aminosulfone). Ripening and storage of the cheeses made from milks from the 1st or 2nd milkings results in a decrease of the sulfoxide metabolite (to 225 or 206 micrograms/kg), an increase of the sulfone metabolite (to 1,181 or 1,893 micrograms/kg), and no effect on the 2-aminosulfone metabolite.
authors.affiliation: Milk Hygiene and Technology Laboratory, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece. bots@vet.auth.gr
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Fletouris
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Botsoglou
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Psomas
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Mantis
mesh_terms: D015766:Albendazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003612:Dairying; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006374:Helminthiasis, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D013450:Sulfones / Q000032:analysis; D013454:Sulfoxides / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D013450:Sulfones; D013454:Sulfoxides; D015766:Albendazole