title: Warmed versus room temperature saline solution for ocular irrigation: a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that ocular irrigation with warm saline solution is more comfortable than irrigation with room temperature saline solution in normal volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a randomized, single-blind crossover trial, in which each subject received 30 mL warmed and 30 mL room temperature saline solution in opposite eyes. The solutions (warmed versus room temperature) and the order of irrigation (right eye versus left) were separately randomized. Physicians were blinded to solution temperature. Subjects rated the discomfort of irrigation on separate visual analog scales (VAS). The study had 80% power to detect at least a 12-mm difference in VAS readings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-five volunteers were enrolled in the study. There was no gender effect or order effect for the 2 solutions. The mean VAS score for warmed saline solution was 15 mm+/-15 mm (SD). The mean VAS score for room temperature saline was 34 mm+/-24 mm (SD), (95% confidence interval for difference of 19 mm [10 mm to 28 mm], P <.0001, Wilcoxon signed rank test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Warmed saline solution was both clinically and statistically more comfortable than room temperature saline solution as an ocular irrigant among normal volunteers.
authors.affiliation: University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ernst
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haynes
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005123:Eye; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012996:Solutions; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013696:Temperature; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012996:Solutions; D012965:Sodium Chloride