title: [Use of G-CSF (Neupogen) in multimodal treatment in radiotherapy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Therapy-induced leukopenias with corresponding consequences repeatedly occur in radiotherapy using combined modalities treatment. In radiotherapy, where G-CSF (granulocyte-colony-stimulating-factor) is not licensed, G-CSF has been used successfully under individual circumstances. These results were confirmed in several studies with small patient groups. The aim of this study was to check former results in a larger patient group, to verify postulated side effects and specially to define a cost-effective schedule in the treatment with G-CSF (Neupogen).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this surveillance trial 50, partially previously treated patients with different malignant tumors were treated with G-CSF. According to the probability of a leucocytosis lower than 1000/mm3, G-CSF (Neuropogen) was already given at leukocyte values lower than 2500/mm3 (500/mm3 bis 2450/mm3). It administered subcutaneously every other day, based on body weight until reaching normal leucocyte levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 92% of the patients the increase of leucocytes occurred in the first 24 hours. On average G-CSF was given 4.9 times per patient. Patients without prior therapies or less complex therapies needed less G-CSF applications (3.5 to 5.8 applications). Due to individually varying leucocyte courses the G-CSF therapy was started with leucocyte values between 500/mm3 and 2450/mm3. Patients who were treated with up to 3 G-CSF applications had higher leucocyte levels than those with 4 or more applications (1620/mm3 to 1250/mm3). Leucopenia related infections, therapy interruptions or break-offs did not occur. Besides light "flu like" symptoms in 14% of the patients, no side effects were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When a decrease of leucocyte values lower than 1000/mm3 is expected, the most cost-effective treatment is given when starting the interventional G-CSF administration already at leucocyte values around 1600/mm3. Leucopenias can be treated effectively, with little side effects and in a cost-effective way when G-CSF is given on time.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bartzsch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riepl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Allgäuer
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Voss
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dühmke
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gademann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molls
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D000069585:Filgrastim; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000069585:Filgrastim
vernacular_title: Einsatz von G-CSF (Neupogen) bei multimodalen Therapiekonzepten in der Strahlentherapie.