title: Uses and abuses of the analysis of covariance.
abstract: The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is a powerful analytic tool, but there continue to be abuses of the method. We review assumptions and illustrate legitimate uses of ANCOVA, and summarize statistical packages' approach to the method. Finally, we consider how ANCOVA is used in contemporary nursing research.
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Educational Research, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269, USA.
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Froman
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*