title: Norethisterone treatment, a major risk-factor for veno-occlusive disease in the liver after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
abstract: In this single-center study, we retrospectively analyzed incidence and risk factors for hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) in 249 consecutive patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between January 1990 and June 1995. Twenty-four of the 249 transplanted patients developed VOD. The probabilities of developing VOD were 17% among women and 7% in men (P =.01). In women treated with norethisterone, the incidence was 27% compared with 3% in women without this treatment (P =.007). One-year survival rates were 17% and 73% in patients with (n = 24) or without VOD (n = 225), respectively. The use of heparin prophylaxis (100 IE/kg/24 hours for 1 month) did not alter the incidence or 1-year mortality of VOD. In multivariate analysis, the following risk factors were significant: norethisterone treatment (P <.001), bilirubin >26 micromol/L before bone marrow transplantation (BMT) (P =.002), one HLA-antigen mismatch (P =.003), previous abdominal irradiation (P =.02), and conditioning with busulphan (P =.02). Our conclusion is that norethisterone treatment should not be used in patients undergoing BMT and heparin prophylaxis did not affect the incidence or mortality of VOD.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Transplantation Surgery, Clinical Immunology, Paediatrics, and Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden. hans.hagglund@transpl.hs.sll.se
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hägglund
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Remberger
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klaesson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lönnqvist
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ljungman
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ringdén
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006504:Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009640:Norethindrone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D006493:Heparin; D009640:Norethindrone