title: Adrenal cortical tumors in childhood.
abstract: In a 41-year period, 18 children with a diagnosis of an adrenal cortical tumor were identified (14 carcinoma: 4 adenoma). The majority of patients had clinical signs of endocrine dysfunction at presentation, with virilization (11 patients) and a cushingoid appearance (8 patients) the commonest findings. Abnormal biochemical activity was identified in 16 tumors (94%). The primary treatment in 17 patients was surgical. In addition, 12 children, all with carcinomas, had radiotherapy. Of those children with a carcinoma, 12 are dead, with a median survival of 52 months (range 1-317 months). The three second primary tumors all developed at sites within the field of previous radiotherapy; and proved fatal at 127, 176, and 317 months (median 207 months). This series confirms the poor prognosis in adrenocortical carcinoma in childhood, but a complete resection is compatible with cure of the primary disease. The frequency of second, fatal, primary tumors is of particular concern and long-term follow-up is mandatory in survivors, especially if radiotherapy was part of the treatment protocol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, UK. 100752.437@compuserve.com
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Driver
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Birch
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Gough
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bruce
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies