title: The radial artery for coronary artery bypass grafting: clinical and angiographic results at five years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the long-term results of use of the radial artery as a conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting.
  
  
  METHODS
  After revival of the technique in 1989, the radial artery was used as a conduit in 910 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. A complete follow-up was obtained for the first 102 consecutive patients from 4 to 7 years after the operation (mean 5.27 +/- 1.30 years). Fifty-nine percent of the patients were receiving calcium-channel inhibitors. An electrocardiographic stress test was obtained for 51 patients, with no contraindications found. Routine follow-up angiography was performed in 50 cases, including those of all patients with symptoms. Thus 64 radial artery and 48 left internal thoracic artery grafts were followed up from 4 to 7 years after the operation (mean 5.6 +/- 1.40 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The actuarial survival was 91.6% at 5 years, and the actuarial rate of freedom from angina was 88.7% at 5 years. Four patients underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty during the period of follow-up, and there were no reoperations for revision of the bypass. The electrocardiographic stress test showed negative results in 73% of cases, electrocardiographic changes alone in 21%, and clinically positive results in 6%. Angiography showed that the patency rate of the radial artery grafts was 83%. The patency rate of the left internal thoracic artery grafts (n = 47) was 91%. The difference in patency could be related to the implantation sites of the grafts, mainly the circumflex artery (51%) for the radial artery grafts and almost exclusively the left anterior descending artery (94%) for the left internal thoracic artery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of the radial artery for coronary bypass grafting provides excellent clinical and angiographic results at 5 years. Routine use of the radial artery in combination with the left internal thoracic artery can be recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hôpital Bichat and Hôpital Broussais, Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramsheyi
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Pagny
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jebara
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barrier
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Fabiani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deloche
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guermonprez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carpentier
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000637:transplantation; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000637:transplantation*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors