title: Specific molecular chaperone interactions and an ATP-dependent conformational change are required during posttranslational protein translocation into the yeast ER.
abstract: The posttranslational translocation of proteins across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in yeast requires ATP hydrolysis and the action of hsc70s (DnaK homologues) and DnaJ homologues in both the cytosol and ER lumen. Although the cytosolic hsc70 (Ssa1p) and the ER lumenal hsc70 (BiP) are homologous, they cannot substitute for one another, possibly because they interact with specific DnaJ homologues on each side of the ER membrane. To investigate this possibility, we purified Ssa1p, BiP, Ydj1p (a cytosolic DnaJ homologue), and a GST-63Jp fusion protein containing the lumenal DnaJ region of Sec63p. We observed that BiP, but not Ssa1p, is able to associate with GST-63Jp and that Ydj1p stimulates the ATPase activity of Ssa1p up to 10-fold but increases the ATPase activity of BiP by <2-fold. In addition, Ydj1p and ATP trigger the release of an unfolded polypeptide from Ssa1p but not from BiP. To understand further how BiP drives protein translocation, we purified four dominant lethal mutants of BiP. We discovered that each mutant is defective for ATP hydrolysis, fails to undergo an ATP-dependent conformational change, and cannot interact with GST-63Jp. Measurements of protein translocation into reconstituted proteoliposomes indicate that the mutants inhibit translocation even in the presence of wild-type BiP. We conclude that a conformation- and ATP-dependent interaction of BiP with the J domain of Sec63p is essential for protein translocation and that the specificity of hsc70 action is dictated by their DnaJ partners.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McClellan
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Endres
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palazzi
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Brodsky
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050956:HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D050956:HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C060153:KAR2 protein, yeast; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C074215:SEC63 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C095973:SSA1 protein, S cerevisiae