title: Protein tyrosine phosphatases: mechanisms of catalysis and regulation.
abstract: Recent structural information suggests that the HC(X)5R active-site motif defines three distinct evolutionary families of phosphatases that employ a common catalytic mechanism. In two instances, regulation of phosphatase activity employs autoinhibitory mechanisms involving either intermolecular or intramolecular interactions, whereby inhibition is mediated by sterically blocking the active-site cleft.
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health Sciences University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Portland 97201-3098, USA. denuj@ohsu.edu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Denu
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dixon
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites / Q000502:physiology*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D020134:Catalytic Domain / Q000502:physiology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D054630:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 4; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D054593:SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D013884:Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018909:src Homology Domains / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D013884:Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D054630:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 4; D054593:SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases