title: Divergent effects of short-term, very-low-calorie diet on insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 serum concentrations in premenopausal women with obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) serum concentrations provide a good measure of the biological effects of growth hormone. The aims of the present study were to: (1) investigate the associations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 with body fat mass and distribution, and (2) evaluate the effects of 3 weeks of very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) (318 kcal/day, with 40 g protein, 35 g carbohydrate, and 2 g fat) on IGF-I and IGFBP-3 serum concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed in 21 nondiabetic premenopausal women with obesity (body mass index >27.0 kg/m2; age: ranging from 18 to 48 years). Body fat mass and distribution were measured by computed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before dietary treatment, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 serum concentrations were inversely associated with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area (p<0.005 and p<0.05, respectively), but not with either total body fat or subcutaneous adipose tissue area. VLCD produced a significant decrease of body mass index (p<0.001), total body fat (p<0.001), VAT (p<0.005), subcutaneous adipose tissue (p<0.001), IGF-I concentrations (p<0.05), and an increase of IGFBP-3 serum levels (p<0.001). The association of VAT with either IGF-I or IGFBP-3 serum concentrations was not maintained following VLCD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that visceral adipose tissue, rather than adiposity per se, accounts for IGF-I and IGFBP-3 serum concentrations, and that rapid weight loss, possibly due to nutritional changes, results in lower IGF-I concentrations, higher IGFBP-3 concentrations, and abrogation of the inverse associations of VAT with IGF-I and IGFBP-3.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Clinica Medica, Endocrinologia e Malattie Metaboliche, University of Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Pergola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zamboni
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pannacciulli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Turcato
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giorgino
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Armellini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Logoluso
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sciaraffia
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bosello
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giorgino
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D017697:Premenopause; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014781:Viscera
chemical_list: D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I