In vivo evidence for increased apolipoprotein A-I catabolism in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance.
The in vivo kinetics of the HDL apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and A-II were studied in six subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and six control subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), using a stable isotope approach. During a 12-h primed constant infusion of L-[ring-13C6]-phenylalanine, tracer enrichment was determined in apoA-I and apoA-II from ultracentrifugally isolated HDL. The rates of HDL apoA-I and apoA-II production and catabolism were estimated using a one-compartment model-based analysis. Triglycerides were higher in IGT subjects (1.33 +/- 0.21 vs. 0.84 +/- 0.27 mmol/l, P < 0.05), but were within the normal range. HDL cholesterol and apoA-I levels were significantly lower in subjects with IGT (1.07 +/- 0.15 vs. 1.36 +/- 0.14 mmol/l, P < 0.05; 0.94 +/- 0.10 vs. 1.34 +/- 0.07 g/l, P < 0.01). In IGT subjects, HDL composition was significantly altered, characterized by an increase in HDL triglycerides (4.9 +/- 1.9 vs. 3.2 +/- 1.0%, P < 0.05) and HDL phospholipids (34.7 +/- 2.6 vs. 27.5 +/- 5.8%, P < 0.05) and a decrease in HDL cholesteryl esters (10.1 +/- 2.0 vs. 12.7 +/- 2.9%, P < 0.05) and HDL apoA-I (31.5 +/- 4.4 vs. 43.2 +/- 2.4%, P < 0.05). The mean fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of HDL apoA-I was significantly higher in IGT subjects (0.34 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.26 +/- 0.03 day(-1), P < 0.01), while the HDL apoA-I production rate (PR), as well as the PR and FCR of HDL apoA-II, showed no differences between the two groups. There were significant correlations between HDL apoA-I FCR and the following parameters: HDL apoA-I (r = -0.902, P < 0.001), HDL cholesterol (r = -0.797, P = 0.001), plasma triglycerides (r = 0.743, P < 0.01), HDL triglycerides (r = 0.696, P < 0.01), and cholesterol ester transfer protein activity (r = 0.646, P < 0.01). We observed a strong positive association between increased apoA-I catabolism and insulin (r = 0.765, P < 0.01) and proinsulin (r = 0.797, P < 0.01) concentrations. These data support the hypothesis that the decrease in HDL cholesterol and apoA-I levels in IGT is principally the result of an enhanced apoA-I catabolism. The latter seems to be an early metabolic finding in IGT even when other lipid parameters, especially plasma triglycerides, still appear to be not or only weakly affected.
Pietzsch
J
J
Institute and Policlinic of Clinical Metabolic Research, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, Dresden, Germany.
Julius
U
U
Nitzsche
S
S
Hanefeld
M
M
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood*; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000097:blood; D012737:Sex Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; C506642:CETP protein, human; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D010649:Phenylalanine; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase