title: Expression and inheritance of multiple transgenes in rice plants.
abstract: The ability to control integration, inheritance, and expression of multiple transgenes is a prerequisite for manipulating biosynthetic pathways and complex agronomic characteristics in plants. One hundred and twenty-five independent transgenic rice plants were regenerated after cobombarding embryogenic tissues with a mixture of 14 different pUC-based plasmids. Eighty-five percent of the R0 plants contained more than two, and 17% more than nine, of the target genes. Plants containing multiple transgenes displayed normal morphologies and 63% set viable seed. Multigene cotransformation efficiency was correlated with the ratio in which the plasmids were mixed with respect to the selectable marker. All target genes had an equal chance of integration, indicating that the nature of the coding region had no effect on the efficiency of integration. Three plant lines containing 11, 10, and 9 transgenes, respectively, were analyzed for patterns of integration and inheritance until the R3 generation. Integration of multiple transgenes occurred at either one or two genetic loci, with inheritance conforming to a 3:1 Mendelian ratio. Coexpression of four marker genes was investigated until the R2 generation.
authors.affiliation: International Laboratory for Tropical Agricultural Biotechnology, (ORSTOM-TSRI), Division of Plant Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marmey
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Brizard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Espinoza
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: D'Cruz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huet
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Kochko
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Beachy
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Fauquet
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001709:Biotechnology; D004274:DNA, Recombinant / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000235:genetics; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics*; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014170:Transformation, Genetic
chemical_list: D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D005819:Genetic Markers; D008156:Luciferases; D000123:Acetyltransferases; C056243:phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C063242:hygromycin-B kinase; D005966:Glucuronidase