title: The nondigestible fat sucrose polyester does not stimulate gallbladder emptying in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We determined the effect of oral ingestion of sucrose polyester, which was approved as a fat replacer in the United States, on gallbladder motility and on the release of cholecystokinin, the hormone that mediates gallbladder emptying.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to measure effects of sucrose polyester on gallbladder emptying and cholecystokinin release.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight healthy volunteers (3 men and 5 women) drank 60 mL sucrose polyester, digestible fat, or saline solution in a balanced crossover design on 3 separate days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (+/-SEM) gallbladder emptying, when integrated over time, was low in response to both sucrose polyester (-150 +/- 214 mL x 120 min) and saline solution (-89 +/- 123 mL x 120 min). In contrast, there was marked emptying in response to digestible fat (1069 +/- 253 mL x 120 min). Sucrose polyester did not affect plasma cholecystokinin concentrations (-9.3 +/- 15.0 pmol x 120 min/L), whereas digestible fat resulted in a significant increase (89.5 +/- 44.8 pmol x 120 min/L, P = 0.014) compared with saline solution (-3.0 +/- 13.8 pmol x 120 min/L).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ingestion of sucrose polyester, in contrast with digestible fat, did not stimulate gallbladder emptying or release of cholecystokinin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Hopman
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Katan
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D004063:Digestion; D019358:Fat Substitutes; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D016473:Gallbladder Emptying / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D019358:Fat Substitutes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D013395:Sucrose; C013692:sucrose polyester; D002766:Cholecystokinin