title: Oral manifestations of systemic diseases.
abstract: Many systemic diseases have oral manifestations. The oral cavity might well be thought of as the window to the body because oral manifestations accompany many systemic diseases. These oral manifestations must be properly recognized if the patient is to receive appropriate diagnosis and referral for treatment. We have reviewed a series of recent articles and summarized known and newly described oral manifestations of several systemic diseases. The lesions of the oral mucosa, tongue, gingiva, dentition, periodontium, salivary glands, facial skeleton, extraoral skin and other related structures caused by some of the more common systemic diseases are highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New Jersey Dental School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark 10703-2400, USA.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hlousek
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Doyle
mesh_terms: D003933:Diagnosis; D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis