title: The obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome--experience of a referral centre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were: (i) to document the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients who complained of heavy snoring and other symptoms suggestive of the OSA syndrome; (ii) to examine the correlation between the clinical and polygraphic findings, and (iii) to document the efficacy and compliance of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) among these Asian snorers with OSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed our clinical and nocturnal polysomnographic data between January 1986 and December 1995 for physician-referred patients who had complained of snoring and other symptoms suggestive of OSA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 277 diagnostic studies were performed of which 145 (52%) were positive to OSA. For studies performed in the last 2 years (n = 125), 72 of the 125 were positive for OSA. Anthropometric data was not discriminative between the OSA positive snorers and the OSA negative snorers. We found that hypertension and choking were the most significantly related to OSA, conferring a 7 and 4 times relative risk respectively. Nasal CPAP eliminated snoring, apnoeas and oxygen desaturations completely in almost all cases and there were only minor mask-related side effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OSA may not be uncommon among Asian snorers. Of the major traits for OSA risk among our local population, a history of hypertension and reports of nocturnal choking were the most significantly related. We have also shown that nasal CPAP is safe and effective among our local snorers and should be considered a first-line treatment for OSA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abisheganaden
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Poh
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Cheong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008397:Masks / Q000009:adverse effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D017286:Polysomnography; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012846:Singapore; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D012913:Snoring / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen