title: Determinants of maximal inspiratory pressure. The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.
abstract: A variety of methods for subject selection and test procedures have been used for the determination of normal values and reference equations for maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). In the cross-sectional study described here, we made MIP measurements on 668 men and women in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), using a standardized electronic procedure. Results were combined with spirometric and anthropometric measurements. After subjecting them to rigorous health screening, we analyzed a well-defined, healthy subgroup of 139 men and 128 women with a wide age range (20 to 90 yr), using multiple linear regression, for the purpose of determining the effect of age, other correlates, normal values, and gender-specific reference equations for MIP. The gender effect was strong, with the average MIP values of the men being about 30% higher than those of the women (101 cm H2O and 72 cm H2O, respectively). The reference equation for men is: MIP +/- standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 126 - 1.028 x age + 0.343 x weight (kg) +/- (22.4); and for women: MIP +/- SEE = 171 - 0.694 x age + 0. 861 x weight (kg) - 0.743 x height (cm) +/- (18.5). These equations may be used for the assessment of inspiratory muscle strength.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Gerontology Research Center, Baltimore, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. HarikkhanR@grc.nia.nih.gov
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Harik-Khan
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wise
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fozard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000886:Anthropometry; D015142:Baltimore; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007320:Inspiratory Capacity / Q000502:physiology*; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D010366:Peak Expiratory Flow Rate / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D012016:Reference Values; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D013147:Spirometry; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology