title: Costimulatory approaches to adoptive immunotherapy.
abstract: Costimulation is critical for induction of full T-cell effector function, and thus represents an attractive immunotherapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer. This review examines these approaches, including ex vivo T-cell expansion, systemic "delivery" of constimulation, tumors transduced or transfected with costimulatory ligands, and vaccine strategies using coimmunization with the genes for costimulatory ligands. Impressive results in animal models have been demonstrated and a wide range of human clinical trials are underway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, and Virology, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Liebowitz
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: June
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology*; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens