Secondary structure for the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing site. Au-binding proteins interact with a stem loop.
The C to U editing of apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA converts a glutamine codon in apoB100 mRNA into a stop translation codon thereby generating apoB48. The catalytic subunit of the editing enzyme, APOBEC-1, is an RNA-binding cytidine deaminase that requires auxiliary factors for the editing of apoB mRNA. Computer modeling and ribonuclease probing of the wild-type and mutant apoB RNA substrates reveal a stem loop at the editing site. This structure incorporates the essential sequence motifs required for editing. The localization of the edited cytidine within the loop suggests how it could be presented to the active site of APOBEC-1 for deamination. We have identified 43/45 kDa proteins from chick enterocytes and show evidence for their involvement in auxiliary editing activity. p43/45 demonstrates preferential binding to AU-rich RNA and to the Caauuug motif that forms the loop and proximal stem of the apoB mRNA.
Richardson
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MRC Molecular Medicine Group, Clinical Science Centre, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom.
Navaratnam
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N
Scott
J
J
D000071479:APOBEC-1 Deaminase; D000818:Animals; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D003062:Codon; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005973:Glutamine; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D017393:RNA Editing; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D000098830:AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase)
D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D003062:Codon; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005973:Glutamine; D000098830:AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase); D000071479:APOBEC-1 Deaminase; C000605089:APOBEC1 protein, human; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase