title: Failed magnetic resonance imaging examinations due to claustrophobia.
abstract: A recognized cause of incomplete or cancelled MRI examinations is anxiety and claustrophobic symptoms in patients undergoing MR scanning. This appears to be a problem in many MRI centres in Western Europe and North America, where it is said to be costly in terms of loss of valuable scan time, and has led to researchers suggesting several anxiety-reducing approaches for MRI. To determine the incidence of failed MRI examination among our patients and if there are any associations with a patient's sex, age and education level, we studied claustrophobia that led to premature termination of the MRI examination in the University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) in 3324 patients over 28 months. The incidence of failed MRI examinations due to claustrophobia in the UMMC was found to be only 0.54%. There are associations between claustrophobia in MRI with the patients' sex, age and level of education. The majority of those affected were male patients and young patients in the 25-45-years age group. The patients' education level appears to be the strongest association with failed MRI examinations due to claustrophobia, where the majority of the affected were highly educated individuals. Claustrophobia in MRI is more of a problem among the educated individuals or patients from a higher socio-economic group, which may explain the higher incidence in Western European and North American patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. sazilah@medicine.med.um.edu.my
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sarji
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Narayanan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016312:Treatment Refusal / Q000523:psychology*