title: In vitro activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin and newer quinolones combined with gentamicin against resistant isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium.
abstract: In a study designed to obtain data on compounds active against enterococci, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of quinupristin/dalfopristin (RP 59500) and the novel quinolones DU-6859a, trovafloxacin, levofloxacin, and sparfloxacin were determined for 122 Enterococcus faecalis and seven Enterococcus faecium isolates. In addition, 15 Enterococcus faecalis isolates resistant to gentamicin, DU-6859a, and trovafloxacin were exposed over time to combinations of DU-6859a plus gentamicin and trovafloxacin plus gentamicin. DU-6859a and trovafloxacin were found to be the most active compounds against Enterococcus faecalis and DU-6859a and RP 59500 against Enterococcus faecium. Synergy between either DU-6859a or trovafloxacin and gentamicin was observed with 27 to 35% of the isolates. It is concluded that DU-6859a and trovafloxacin are very potent against enterococci, especially when combined with gentamicin.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Giamarellos-Bourboulis
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sambatakou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grecka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Giamarellou
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000187:drug effects*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015363:Quinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D014769:Virginiamycin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D005839:Gentamicins; D009287:Naphthyridines; D015363:Quinolones; D014769:Virginiamycin; C062940:quinupristin-dalfopristin; D064704:Levofloxacin; C080163:trovafloxacin; C076246:sitafloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; C061363:sparfloxacin