title: High-level production of alternatively spliced soluble interleukin-6 receptor in serum of patients with adult T-cell leukaemia/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.
abstract: We have previously shown, using human T-cell lymphocytotrophic virus-I (HTLV-I)-infected cell lines, that soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) is generated through an alternative splicing mechanism. In this study, we examined human sera for the presence of alternatively spliced soluble IL-6R (AS-sIL-6R). We produced a monoclonal antibody (mAb) recognizing the unique sequence of AS-sIL-6R peptide, generated by an altered reading frame. We also made recombinant AS-sIL-6R protein in Spodoptera frugiperda-9 (Sf-9) cells carrying baculovirus, which encoded altered sIL-6R or conventional IL-6R cDNA. mAbs specifically recognized AS-sIL-6R, but not conventional IL-6R, as demonstrated by Western blot analyses, fluorescence-activated cell sorter, immunofluorescence analyses and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We adapted an ELISA system and used it for detection of altered sIL-6R in sera from 23 healthy persons, 12 patients with adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) and 13 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM). Serum levels of AS-sIL-6R were 6.4 or 6.1 times greater in ATL (28.7+/-20.4 ng/ml, P<0.0001) and in HAM patients (27.5+/-12.1 ng/ml, P<0.0001) than in healthy individuals (4.5+/-2.1 ng/ml). High levels of AS-sIL-6R were also observed in plasma from rheumatoid arthritis patients and in persons with elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), antinuclear antibody (ANA), or alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). However, in human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected individuals, AS-sIL-6R levels were not elevated. In this study, we confirmed that AS-sIL-6R is indeed present in human sera. These observations suggest that alternative splicing of IL-6R mRNA is of consequence in ATL, HAM and in some autoimmune diseases. The HTLV-I-infected T cells appeared to play an important role in AS-sIL-6R production.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Microbiology & Molecular Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ampofo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koyanagi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology; D016367:Baculoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology*; D015493:Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D011994:Recombinant Proteins