title: Metabotropic glutamate receptors modulate serotonin release in the rat periaqueductal gray matter.
abstract: The role of metabotropic (mGluRs) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) release has been studied in rat periaqueductal gray (PAG) matter by using in vivo microdialysis. (1S,3R)-aminocyclopentane- 1,3-dicarboxylic acid [(IS,3R)-ACPD; 0.5 or 1 mM], a group I/group II mGluRs agonist, increased the dialysate 5-HT concentration. (2S)-alpha-ethylglutamic acid (EGlu; 1 mM), an antagonist of group II mGluRs, but not (RS)-1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid (AIDA; 1 mM), an antagonist of group I mGluRs, antagonized the 1S,3R-ACPD-induced effect. (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG; 0.5 and 1 mM), an agonist of group I mGluRs, did not modify dialysate 5-HT. (2S, 3S, 4S)-alpha-(carboxycyclopropyl)-glycine (L-CCG-I; 0.5 and I mM), an agonist of group II mGluRs, increased extracellular 5-HT. This effect was antagonized by EGlu. Similarly, L-serine-O-phosphate (L-SOP; 1 and 10 mM), an agonist of group III mGluRs, increased extracellular 5-HT and this effect was antagonized by (RS)-(alpha-methylserine O-phosphate (M-SOP; 1 mM), an antagonist of group III mGluRs. Out of the several N-methylD-aspartate concentrations used (NMDA; 10, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 microM) only the 50 microM infusion significantly decreased dialysate 5-HT. The GABA(A) receptor agonist, bicuculline (30 microM), increased 5-HT release on its own and antagonized the decrease caused by the opiate antagonist, naloxone (2 mM), as well as the increases caused by CCG-I or L-SOP. These data show that stimulation of PAG's group II/group II mGluRs increases 5-HT release, while stimulation of NMDA glutamate receptors may decrease it. We speculate that glutamate does not modulate 5-HT release in the PAG directly, but via activation of tonically active GABAergic interneurons.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, 2nd University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maione
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Palazzo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de Novellis
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stella
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leyva
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003515:Cycloleucine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D010487:Periaqueductal Gray / Q000378:metabolism*; D010768:Phosphoserine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018079:Receptors, GABA / Q000502:physiology; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000502:physiology*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000502:physiology; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000502:physiology; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018079:Receptors, GABA; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D003515:Cycloleucine; D010768:Phosphoserine; D012701:Serotonin