title: Inhibition of nicotinic responses by cotinine in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
abstract: We studied the effects of cotinine, the major metabolite of nicotine, on nicotine-induced increase in [3H]phorbol dibutyrate binding, activation of protein kinase C and [3H]noradrenaline release in primary cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. Cotinine (1 mM, 15 min.) and nicotine (10 microM, 5 min.) increased the [3H]phorbol binding by 100% and 150%, respectively. Both a short-term (10 min.) and a long-term (24 hr) pretreatment with cotinine inhibited the effect of nicotine. A 24 hr pretreatment with cotinine (1 mM) also reduced the nicotine-induced increase in membrane-bound protein kinase C activity. Cotinine pretreatment (10 min.) dose-dependently inhibited the release of [3H]noradrenaline induced by nicotine and dimethylphenylpiperazinium. Cotinine pretreatment did not reduce the [3H]noradrenaline release induced by high extracellular potassium (56 mM) or veratrine (10 mg l-1). The results indicate that cotinine inhibits activation of protein kinase C and noradrenaline release induced by nicotinic agonists in primary cultures of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. The results suggest that pre-existing cotinine could modify responses to acute exposure to nicotine in neural systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Vainio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viluksela
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Tuominen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019439:Chromaffin Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003367:Cotinine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004246:Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D009538:Nicotine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D004246:Dimethylphenylpiperazinium Iodide; D009538:Nicotine; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D003367:Cotinine; D009638:Norepinephrine