title: Bilateral ureteral obstruction and renal failure caused by massive retroperitoneal hematoma: is there a pelvic compartment syndrome analogous to abdominal compartment syndrome?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe an intrapelvic compartment syndrome analogous to abdominal compartment syndrome and to characterize its diagnosis and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level I trauma center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three patients with pelvic ring or acetabular fractures presented with bilateral ureteral obstruction, renal organ failure, and anuria due to direct compression of both ureters in the true pelvis by a massive retroperitoneal hematoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgical therapy consisted of fracture stabilization, decompression of the retroperitoneal space, and evacuation of the hematoma. Persistent isolated bleeding points were either embolized preoperatively or ligated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After decompression, all three patients promptly recovered their renal organ function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An intrapelvic compartment syndrome can be defined as bilateral ureteral obstruction and renal failure caused by a massive intrapelvic hematoma with increased retroperitoneal pressure. Diagnostic differentiation of anuria in patients with pelvic ring or acetabular fractures must include intrapelvic compartment syndrome. Early diagnosis and treatment are mandatory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traumatology, University Hospitals of the Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hessmann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rommens
mesh_terms: D000077:Acetabulum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology*; D000328:Adult; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006406:Hematoma / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D011859:Radiography; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology*