title: A double-blind, controlled clinical trial of homeopathy and an analysis of lunar phases and postoperative outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To use scientific methods to evaluate 2 claims made by practitioners of alternative medicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  A placebo-controlled, double-blind study of homeopathy in children with warts, and a cohort study of the influence of lunar phases on postoperative outcome in surgical patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatients of a dermatology department (homeopathy study) and inpatients evaluated at an anesthesiology department (lunar phases).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty volunteers for the homeopathy study and 14,970 consecutive patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia for the lunar phase study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment of children with warts with individually selected homeopathic preparations (homeopathic study); surgical procedures including abdominal, vascular, cardiac, thoracic, plastic, and orthopedic operations and assessment of the lunar phase at the time of operation (lunar phase study).
  
  
  METHODS
  Reduction of area occupied by warts by at least 50% within 8 weeks; death from any cause within 30 days after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine of 30 subjects in the homeopathy group and 7 of 30 subjects in the placebo group experienced at least 50% reduction in area occupied by warts (chi 2 = 0.34; P = .56); the mortality rate was 1.20% in patients operated on during waxing moon and 1.33% in patients operated on during waning moon (chi 2 = 0.49; P = .50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Statements and methods of alternative medicine--as far as they concern observable clinical phenomena--can be tested by scientific methods. When such tests yield negative results, as in the studies presented herein the particular method or statement should be abandoned. Otherwise one would run the risk of supporting superstition and quackery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smolle
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Prause
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kerl
mesh_terms: D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006705:Homeopathy; D006801:Humans; D016081:Moon; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D014860:Warts / Q000628:therapy*