title: Modeling physical dependence in arthritis: the relative contribution of specific disabilities and environmental factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the relationship between disability and physical dependence handicap, and the mediating effect of personal (demographic) and environmental factors as modeled by the International Classification of Impairments, Disability, and Handicaps.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on people with arthritis-associated disabilities were abstracted from a national population survey (n = 16,017). A hierarchical physical dependence variable was formulated. Nominal logistical regression was used to determine predictors of physical dependence related to specific disability, personal characteristics, and environmental adaptation variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk of physical dependence only increased substantially at age > or = 75 years. Specific types of physical disability differentially predicted different levels of physical dependence. The major predictor of physical dependence was disability alone and in conjunction with environmental factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There appears to be a specific and ordered relationship between the level of physical dependence and various types of physical disabilities. The findings could have implications for therapeutic intervention and health status measures.
authors.affiliation: Arthritis Community Research and Evaluation Unit, Toronto Hospital, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Badley
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001168:Arthritis / Q000145:classification* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D002170:Canada; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000145:classification* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires