title: The underlying pathophysiology of ictal dystonia in temporal lobe epilepsy: an FDG-PET study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unilateral dystonic posturing of limbs occurs frequently in medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) but its underlying anatomic basis is still unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the pathophysiology of dystonic posturing, we examined the relation between the occurrence of dystonia and interictal cerebral metabolic abnormalities using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET in MTLE patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Video recordings of 30 patients with documented MTLE were reviewed to assess the presence of ictal dystonic posturing. Interictal FDG-PET was performed in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients exhibited dystonic posturing--contralateral to the seizure focus in 16 cases, bilateral in one, and ipsilateral in one. Dystonia was statistically associated with more severe hypometabolism in the striatal and in the orbitofrontal regions ipsilateral to the seizure focus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypometabolism observed in the striatal region of patients with ictal dystonic posturing suggests that the basal ganglia are involved in the generation of ictal dystonic posturing in MTLE.
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Epileptologie, Clinique Neurologique Paul Castaigne Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dupont
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Semah
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baulac
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Samson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D004421:Dystonia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011187:Posture; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000601:surgery; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18