High prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance and metabolic disturbances in first degree relatives of NIDDM patients. A study in Catalonia, a mediterranean community.
Our study aimed to analyse clinical and metabolic characteristics of first degree relatives of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in Catalonia. Two hundred and five subjects (39.8 +/- 14.2 year-old, 61% women) were included in the study. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, obtaining basal plasma glucose and insulin, in order to calculate, %B (HOMA beta cell function) and %S (HOMA insulin sensitivity). A 30.7% of subjects showed an abnormal glucose tolerance, either as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (20.5%) or as NIDDM (10.2%). Glycaemia after the OGTT (120 min) was independently determined by fasting glycaemia and age (R2 = 0.50; P < 0.001). As expected, subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were significantly younger than IGT and NIDDM subjects. The relatives with IGT and NIDDM display more features of syndrome-X when compared to NGT. Likewise, NGT relatives were less insulin sensitive and their basal insulin levels were higher when compared with a control group of subjects without familial history of NIDDM (log %S, 3.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 3.9 +/- 0.4; P = 0.000; log-insulin 2.4 +/- 0.4 vs. 2.1 +/- 0.6 mU/l; P < 0.02). In comparison with the general population, of any age group, NIDDM and IGT were more common in those subjects with a family history of NIDDM. Interestingly, the rates, of abnormal glucose tolerance in the 55-64 and > 64 year groups in the general population were similar to those seen in relatives two decades younger. Our study not only confirms a high prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT and NIDDM) in subjects with a family history of NIDDM, but also that these abnormalities can be detected at a very early age. Globally, this piece of information corroborates that special attention and precocious detection programs should be addressed to relatives of NIDDM patients.
Costa
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A
Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clinic i Universitari de Barcelona, Spain.
Rios
M
M
Casamitjana
R
R
Gomis
R
R
Conget
I
I
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D015592:Immunoradiometric Assay; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin