title: Uncoupling of bradykinin-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis and Ca2+ mobilization by phorbol ester in canine cultured tracheal epithelial cells.
abstract: 1. Regulation of the increase in inositol phosphates (IPs) production and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i by protein kinase C (PKC) was investigated in canine cultured tracheal epithelial cells (TECs). Stimulation of TECs by bradykinin (BK) led to IPs formation and caused an initial transient [Ca2+]i peak in a concentration-dependent manner. 2. Pretreatment of TECs with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 1 microM) for 30 min attenuated the BK-induced IPs formation and Ca2+ mobilization. The maximal inhibition occurred after incubating the cells with PMA for 2 h. 3. The concentrations of PMA that gave half-maximal (pEC50) inhibition of BK-induced IPs accumulation and an increase in [Ca2+]i were 7.07 M and 7.11 M, respectively. Inactive phorbol ester, 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate at 1 microM, did not inhibit these responses. Prior treatment of TECs with staurosporine (1 microM), a PKC inhibitor, inhibited the ability of PMA to attenuate BK-induced responses, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of PMA is mediated through the activation of PKC. 4. In parallel with the effect of PMA on the BK-induced IPs formation and Ca2+ mobilization, the translocation and down-regulation of PKC isozymes were determined. Analysis of cell extracts by Western blotting with antibodies against different PKC isozymes revealed that TECs expressed PKC-alpha, betaI, betaII, gamma, delta, epsilon, theta and zeta. With PMA treatment of the cells for various times, translocation of PKC-alpha, betaI, betaII, gamma, delta, epsilon and theta from cytosol to the membrane was seen after 5 min, 30 min, 2 h, and 4 h treatment. However, 6 h treatment caused a partial down-regulation of these PKC isozymes. PKC-zeta was not significantly translocated and down-regulated at any of the times tested. 5. Treatment of TECs with 1 microM PMA for either 30 min or 6 h did not significantly change the KD, and Bmax receptor for BK binding (control: KD=1.7+/-0.3 nM; Bmax=50.5+/-4.9 fmol/mg protein), indicating that BK receptors are not a site for the inhibitory effect of PMA on BK-induced responses. 6. In conclusion, these results suggest that activation of PKC may inhibit the phosphoinositide hydrolysis and consequently attenuate the [Ca2+]i increase or inhibit independently both responses to BK. The translocation of pKC-alpha, betaI, betaII, delta, epsilon, gamma, and theta induced by PMA caused an attenuation of BK-induced IPs accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization in TECs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006868:Hydrolysis; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008297:Male; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects*; D014475:Uncoupling Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010703:Phorbol Esters; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D014475:Uncoupling Agents; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D001920:Bradykinin; D002118:Calcium