title: T1 effects of a bolus-injectable superparamagnetic iron oxide, SH U 555 A: dependence on field strength and plasma concentration--preliminary clinical experience with dynamic T1-weighted MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the field strength dependency of relaxivity values with SH U 555 A, concentration-dependent T1 effects, and findings at dynamic T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in patients with focal liver lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal relaxivity (r1) with SH U 555 A was measured in human plasma (0.02-300.00 MHz), and transverse relaxivity (r2) was measured at 10, 20, and 40 MHz. Second, a dilution series in human plasma was used at 1-T, T1-weighted, spin-echo or fast low-angle shot (FLASH) imaging. In 22 patients with focal liver lesions, imaging with the latter sequence was performed with a dose of SH U 555 A of 10 mumol Fe/kg.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The r1 of SH U 555 A decreased with increasing field strength, but was higher at high field strengths than r1 values for gadolinium chelates. Enhancement calculations for different iron concentrations in human plasma demonstrated positive enhancement at concentrations less than 700 mumol Fe/L. Enhancement increased with the degree of T1 weighting and was highest for the FLASH sequence with the shortest TE (+81.4% with 300 mumol Fe/L). Enhancement was positive in the liver for at least 30 seconds and in the spleen for at least 480 seconds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Signal intensity changes at dynamic T1-weighted MR imaging after bolus injection of SH U 555 A can be explained by dynamic changes in iron-plasma concentration.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Radiology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reimer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marx
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wiedermann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Rummeny
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ebert
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shamsi
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Peters
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D005260:Female; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010087:Oxides
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010087:Oxides; D007501:Iron; C065507:ferumoxides; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide