title: Repression of transactivation of the retinoic acid receptor beta2 promoter in human breast cancer cells.
abstract: In previous studies, we have shown that the expression of retinoic acid receptor beta2 (RARbeta2) is altered in certain breast cancer cell lines. To investigate the mechanism responsible for this change, we studied in detail the RARbeta2 promoter in cell lines which demonstrated altered expression and compared these results to cell lines in which RARbeta2 was expressed normally. Direct DNA sequencing failed to identify alterations in the sequences of the known response elements in the cell lines manifesting altered expression patterns. By contrast, electrophoretic mobility shift studies of the proteins binding to these response elements demonstrated striking differences in the cells in which expression was altered, when compared to patterns seen in normal cells. Moreover, transient transfection studies using constructs of the RARbeta2 promoter demonstrated an absence of transactivation in the lines in which the expression of this gene was altered. These data suggest that the mechanism responsible for loss of induction of RARbeta2 in breast tumor cells is, at least in part, transcriptional repression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, 10032, USA.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Tsou
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: X X
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peacocke
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; C082925:retinoic acid receptor beta