title: Mycophenolate mofetil attenuates renal injury in the rat remnant kidney.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), an inhibitor of lymphocyte proliferation, has been used to prevent allograft rejection. We investigated whether MMF also limits progressive renal injury in rats with 5/6 renal ablation, a model not primarily related to immunologic mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-eight adult male Munich-Wistar rats underwent ablation and received either vehicle (N = 42) or oral MMF (N = 46), 10 mg/kg/day. Forty-seven sham-operated rats were also studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty days after surgery, remnant kidneys exhibited glomerular hypertension and hypertrophy. MMF treatment did not correct these abnormalities. Immunohistochemistry revealed interstitial lymphocyte infiltration 7 and 30 days after ablation. Proliferating cells abounded seven days after ablation, especially in tubules, declining in number along the following weeks. By contrast, the number of macrophages was moderately increased in the first weeks, attaining values eightfold as high as control 60 days after ablation. MMF attenuated these cellular events at all phases of the study. Sixty days after ablation, marked albuminuria, glomerulosclerosis and interstitial expansion were prominent in untreated rats. MMF treatment largely attenuated glomerular and interstitial injury without changing proteinuria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first evidence that MMF may impact favorably on progressive renal diseases of "nonimmunologic" origin.
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Fujihara
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Malheiros
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zatz
authors.forename: I de L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Noronha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000032:analysis; D006439:Hemodynamics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009392:Nephrectomy; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid