title: Second gene expression in bicistronic constructs using short synthetic intercistrons and viral IRES sequences.
abstract: In this study, we describe the efficiency of second gene translation in bicistronic constructs containing either a short (36bp) synthetic intercistron or known internal ribosomal entry sites (IRES). Experiments were performed using two different gene combinations: Herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) and neomycine (NEO) or human glucocerebrosidase (hGC) and a methotrexate (MTX) resistant mutant dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). We demonstrate that upon transfection, second gene translation is efficient using either an IRES or a 36-bp intercistron. Infection with retrovirus carrying the TK and NEO genes linked via a 36-bp intercistron resulted in both G418R (NEO expression) and gancyclovir (GCV) sensitivity (TK expression), indicating that both genes were expressed and thus that the genomic DNA and RNA of this bicistronic construct were intact. Likewise, retrovirus carrying the hGC and mutant DHFR gene separated by a short intercistron was harvested from MTXR murine PsiCRE cells. However, infection of PA317 cells with this virus supernatant did not result in the presence of hGC enzyme activity in these murine cells. Proviral DNA and RNA analyses indicated that the hGC coding region was lost from the original construct in the infected PA317 cells. In contrast, retrovirus carrying the hGC and DHFR cDNAs was linked via an IRES functioned as expected. Based on these results, we conclude that the efficiency of second gene translation using short synthetic intercistrons might prove useful in bicistronic constructs, depending on the gene combination used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Section Gene Therapy, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Havenga
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vogels
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Braakman
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kroos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valerio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagenbeek
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: van Es
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D005796:Genes; D005814:Genes, Viral; D005962:Glucosylceramidase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D009355:Neomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004247:DNA; D013762:Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D005962:Glucosylceramidase; D009355:Neomycin; D008727:Methotrexate