title: Albuminuria after fetal pancreatic islet transplantation: a 10-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prevention of diabetic nephropathy is as yet an unresolved issue. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of transplantation of long-term cultured and cryopreserved fetal pancreas islets on metabolic control and the development of diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum C-peptide, glucose, HbA1c, insulin requirements, urinary albumin excretion rate, and blood pressure of 10 insulin-dependent diabetic patients after transplantation were compared with a group of 27 insulin-dependent diabetic controls on insulin therapy only during a 10-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first year after transplantation mean insulin requirement decreased from 53.6+/-2.2 to 35.8+/-1.2 units. C-peptide levels appeared (0.55+/-0.08 ng/ml) and remained detectable throughout the follow-up. Blood glucose and HbA1c were significantly (P<0.05) lower than in the controls. Mean albumin excretion rates of the transplant and the control groups during the follow up were 18.8+/-8.5 and 11.7+/-2.0, 16.6+/-6.6 and 14.0+/-2.3, 15.0+/-5.0 and 15.1+/-2.7, 15.3+/-7.5 and 20.4+/-4.2, 19.8+/-6.2 and 36.7+/-11.1, 11.7+/-3.6 and 51.3+/-14.6, 14.1+/-4.2 and 71.4+/-23.1, 22.7+/-8.6 and 92.0+/-28.1, 18.0+/-5.9 and 107.6+/-35.6, 21.7+/-11.0 and 101.5+/-29.3 microg/min respectively. From the 6th year the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.001). In the transplant group initial mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were 132.0+/-3.3 and 81.5+/-1.5 mmHg, in the controls 130.4+/-3.4 and 79.6+/-1.6 mmHg respectively. Significant changes (P<0.05) of blood pressure during the follow-up or differences between the two groups were not observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that fetal islet transplantation is effective in achieving good long-term diabetes control and in the prevention of diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Medicine, Szent István Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vörös
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lengyel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dégi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rosivall
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kammerer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000209:etiology*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin