title: A targeted kappa immunoglobulin gene containing a deletion of the nuclear matrix association region exhibits spontaneous hyper-recombination in pre-B cells.
abstract: Previous studies employing ectopic integration of reporter genes have shown that the nuclear matrix association region (MAR) adjacent to the intronic enhancer of the mouse kappa immunoglobulin (Ig) gene is required for high level transcription of rearranged genes, demethylation, reduction of position effects and maximal somatic hypermutation in B cells. To test for the function of this MAR in its natural chromosomal environment, we pursued the 'HIT-and-RUN' procedure with the mouse pre-B cell line 103 to create a targeted MAR deletion. We observed a 'HIT' targeting frequency of 1/684 but 0/2100 'RUN' clones maintained the MAR-deleted germline locus because of an unexpected hyper-recombination for Vkappa-Jkappa joining, specifically to the MAR-deleted allele, and primarily at Jkappa4 and Jkappa5. This hyper-recombination was correlated with undermethylation of the Jkappa-Ckappa region but not with the level of local transcription. These results are consistent with the possibility that the MAR and/or DNA methylation negatively regulate(s) Vkappa-Jkappa joining during the pre-B cell stage of development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9140, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hale
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Garrard
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004254:DNA Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D015328:Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Light Chain; D018390:Gene Targeting; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007144:Immunoglobulin J-Chains / Q000235:genetics; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics; D007145:Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D015530:Nuclear Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D045567:VDJ Recombinases
chemical_list: D007144:Immunoglobulin J-Chains; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D007145:Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains; D004247:DNA; D004254:DNA Nucleotidyltransferases; D045567:VDJ Recombinases