[Materials for guided tissue regeneration in implantology. A review of the literature].
Recently, oral implantology became rich with new means to improve the interrelations between the alloplastic implants, the surrounding tissue and the human organism: the regeneration led by the tissues represents one of the most encouraging examples. There are numerous materials offered to us by the reabsorbable membranes (in cellulose acetate, in polytetrafluoroethylene, in vycril, in titanium) and by the absorbable ones: dura mater, fascia latae, synthetic polymers (PEG, PBT), collagen. All the membranes applied on the scratched osseous area on the submerged implant maintain space favourable to the growth of new bone (tent effect) impeding the epithelial proliferation and migration. The collagen membrane appeared to be the best material, fitting well with a barrier effect; exempt from septic complications with gingival dehiscences often observed when non absorbable materials are used. The experience has shown that the association between reabsorbable membranes and osseous grafts, either autologous or heterologous, human or animal, gives the best advantages for the neo-osteogenesis. Obviously these materials have to be submitted to a special physico-chemical treatment in order to prevent organic pathologies like hepatitis, AIDS, and more recently the Creutzfeldt-Jacob syndrome or BSE.
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Clinica Odontoiatrica, Università degli Studi, Brescia.
D020341:Absorbable Implants; D003757:Dental Implantation; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; D006801:Humans; D008567:Membranes, Artificial
D003764:Dental Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial
Materiali per la rigenerazione tissutale guidata in implantologia. Revisione della letteratura.