Structural similarity of two T cell signaling regulators suggests a conserved and interactive mechanism of immunosuppression.
A primary structural element is identified which is present in the Nef protein of immunodeficiency viruses and in the cytoplasmic domain of a regulatory T cell protein, CTLA-4. In both proteins, conserved residues that lie within this element have been shown to be important for the regulation of cellular signaling and endocytic trafficking. The structural similarity identified suggests conserved and, possibly, interactive mechanisms for Nef- and CTLA-4-dependent modulation of T cell function.
Vieira
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National Public Health Institute, KTL-BIOS, Helsinki, Finland.
D000069594:Abatacept; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D015693:Gene Products, nef / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D018909:src Homology Domains / Q000235:genetics
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D015693:Gene Products, nef; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D000069594:Abatacept