title: [A Polish multicenter survey of antimicrobial susceptibility and prevalence of beta-lactamase production among bacterial pathogens isolated from hospitalized and ambulatory patients].
abstract: The aim of the study was to establish the frequency of occurrence of bacterial pathogens with beta-lactamase activity, and pattern of resistance among aerobic and anaerobic strains isolated from: respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues (hospitalized patients) and throat swabs (ambulatory patients). The study was conducted in 1994 year in 6 bacteriological laboratories in four Polish towns (Warszawa, Kraków, Katowice, Gdańsk) according to the protocol. Sensitivity of bacteria was tested by the disc method on the Müeller-Hinton agar or chocolate agar according to NCCLS, activity of beta-lactamase was tested with nitrocephin. A total 2038 clinical strains--1869 aerobic and 169 anaerobic was well-defined and tested for susceptibility to ten antibiotics--amoxicilin, augmentin, ofloxacin, gentamycin, cefradin, erythromycin, cefuroxim, kotrimoxazol, cefalexin and cefaclor. Among the isolated aerobes Staphylococcus aureus (25.1%), E. coli (23.2%) and Haemophilus influenzae (14.0%) were most frequent, and in the group of anaerobes the most frequent were Bacteroides spp (40.8%) We have found 45.8% of all tested aerobic strains with beta-lactamase production, the highest proportion in pathogens isolated from respiratory tract--51.4%, 46.6% from urinary tract, and 48.4% from skin and soft tissues. Among the isolated anaerobic--68.8% of Bacteroides and 28.6% others produced beta-lactamase. Forty percentage of all strains were sensitive to amoxicilin, 70-90% of aerobic bacteria were sensitive to augmentin. Augmentin had a high activity against anaerobic bacteria too. Only a small proportion of the tested aerobic bacteria (12.2%) were resistant to ofloxacin, gentamycin showed a sufficient activity against tested strains (24.4% were resistant). The most frequent pathogen--Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to amoxicilin in 83.1% hospitalized patients, and in 73.9% in ambulatory patients.
authors.affiliation: Zakładu Mikrobiologii Instytutu Gruźlicy i Chorób Płuc w Warszawie.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zwolska
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jezierska-Anczuków
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Filczak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Basta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dworzyński
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rogala-Zawada
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Samet
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D010045:Outpatients; D011044:Poland; D015995:Prevalence; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism*; D047090:beta-Lactams
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D047090:beta-Lactams; D001618:beta-Lactamases
vernacular_title: Ocena oporności na antybiotyki i czestości wystepowania beta-laktamazy wśród szczepów bakterii izolowanych od chorych leczonych w szpitalu i ambulatoryjnie Polskie badania wieloośrodkowe.