[Peridural anesthesia versus subarachnoid anesthesia in cesarean section. Prospective clinical study].
OBJECTIVE
To compare technical and clinical differences between epidural and spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.


METHODS
Randomized prospective trial.


METHODS
64 pregnant women at term scheduled for elective cesarean section. Two groups were randomized: A) PD Group (n = 32): continuous epidural anesthesia by administration of bupivacaine 0.5% plus epinephrine 1/400,000 via an epidural catheter. Epidural morphine 3 mg was administered at the end of surgery. B) SP Group (n = 32): "single shot" spinal anesthesia by intrathecal administration of hyperbaric 1% bupivacaine 1-1.4 ml plus morphine 0.2 mg. The pin prick block level reached T2-T6 at incision time.


METHODS
1) Time from the beginning of anesthesia to surgical incision. 2) Hypotension episodes. 3) Ephedrine consumption. 4) Intraoperative discomfort at delivery, traction and uterine manipulation, peritoneal toilette. 5) Nausea and vomiting. 6) Apgar score. 7) Postoperative headache.


RESULTS
Women in the SP group had more hypotensive episodes (81% vs 53%: p < 0.05) and more ephedrine consumption with a large individual variability (29.12 mg +/- 20.4 vs 12.83 +/- 13.8: p < 0.01) when compared to PD group, without any difference in the Apgar score. The SP group required less time consumption (10.5 min. +/- 6.7 vs 35.9 min. +/- 17.3: p < 0.01) and had less intraoperative discomfort with less analgesic and/or sedative drugs consumption (9.7% vs 29%: p < 0.05) and less vomiting (3% vs 22.5%: p < 0.05). No postoperative headache was noticed in both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
With the described pharmacological and technical approach, spinal anesthesia is more suitable than continuous epidural technique for cesarean section, unless contraindicated.
Albani
A
A
Unita Operativa di Anestesia e Terapia Intensiva, Ospedale Regionale della Valle d'Aosta.
Renghi
A
A
Ciarlo
M
M
Avallone
V
V
Toscano
M
M
D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013346:Subarachnoid Space
Anestesia peridurale versus anestesia subaracnoidea nel parto cesareo. Studio clinico prospettico.