title: Synergistic effects of colony-stimulating factor 1 and leukemia inhibitory factor in inducing early myeloid cell differentiation.
abstract: Cells of the M1D+ murine myeloid leukemic cell line differentiate into macrophages in response to either leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) or interleukin 6. Previously, it was shown that LIF treatment of M1D+ cells leads to an increased expression of colony-stimulating factor (CSF) receptor mRNA encoded by c-fms. CSF-1, a macrophage growth factor, induces the survival, growth, and differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes but has not been implicated in the regulation of early myeloid cell differentiation. Here we show that low-dose LIF treatment of M1D+ cells results in CSF-1 secretion and CSF-1 receptor up-regulation. CSF-1, when applied alone, induces some M1D+ adherence and the up-regulation of lysozyme M, a macrophage-specific marker. Finally, we show that when applied together, LIF and CSF-1 act synergistically to induce macrophage morphology, phagocytosis, and the expression of the macrophage-specific markers CD11b/Mac-1 alpha chain, lysozyme M, FcgammaRII, and JE/MCP.1. These results indicate that instead of being part of exclusive pathways, as thought until this work, LIF and CSF-1 can function synergistically to further stimulate the early stages of myeloid differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Nice, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aperlo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sevilla
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guerin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pognonec
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Boulukos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; C507838:Lif protein, mouse; D008222:Lymphokines; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor