Complications of botulinum A exotoxin for hyperfunctional lines.
Clostridium botulinum type A exotoxin is one of the recent advances for treatment of the aging face. Due to the sudden and exponential surge in popularity, there is little precise consensus regarding its safety and efficacy. Many of the reported complications associated with its aesthetic use are few and anecdotal. As we gain more experience and long-term follow-up with this procedure, complications and their treatment can be better documented. As most of the salutary effects of Botulinum toxin are temporary, fortunately, so too are the complications associated with this form of therapy.
Matarasso
S L
SL
Department of Dermatology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA.
D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000075202:Contraindications; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects
D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A