title: Estrogenic xenobiotics increase expression of SS-A/Ro autoantigens in cultured human epidermal cells.
abstract: SS-A/Ro autoantibodies are detected at high levels in patients with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. It has been reported that natural estrogen is capable of inducing cell surface expression of SS-A/Ro autoantigens in human epidermal keratinocytes. In this study, we analysed, by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, the effects of estrogenic xenobiotics (i.e. environmental estrogens) on the expression of 52-kDa SS-A/Ro autoantigen in cultured keratinocytes. At a concentration of 10 microM, various estrogenic xenobiotics derived from plants, insecticides, or detergents induced up to a 3-fold increase in 52-kDa SS-A/Ro mRNA levels in human keratinocytes compared with untreated cells. The immunohistochemistry results paralleled the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction results. These findings suggest that environmental stimulation can induce the expression of autoantigens such as SS-A/Ro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furuya
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kayama
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003902:Detergents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology; D008731:Methoxychlor / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020733:RNA, Small Cytoplasmic; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000099207:SS-A Antigen
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D001324:Autoantigens; D003902:Detergents; D004958:Estradiol; D004967:Estrogens; D007306:Insecticides; D008731:Methoxychlor; D010636:Phenols; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020733:RNA, Small Cytoplasmic; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; D015262:Xenobiotics; D000099207:SS-A Antigen; C116006:RO60 protein, human