title: Light dose and time dependency of photodynamic cell membrane damage.
abstract: We have investigated the light dose and time dependency of photodynamic cell membrane damage using electrophysiological methods. This study controls the level of cell membrane damage by precisely administration of the light dose. The photosensitizer used was 5',5"-bis(aminomethyl)-2,2':5',2"-terthiophene dihydrochloride (BAT). A confocal laser scanning microscope was used to provide rapid light activation (< 1 s) and the subsequent membrane damage was monitored using standard patch clamp techniques. In the presence of 49 microM BAT, light levels less than 0.94 J/cm2 led to a reversible depolarization (approximately 20 mV) and reduction of resistance (approximately 10%) within 3 s of illumination. Higher intensities of illumination (> 1.57 J/cm2) caused a complete and irreversible loss of membrane potential and cell membrane resistance within 8 s illumination. The threshold dose of light required to induce cell death by illumination in the presence of BAT was increased in the presence of the antioxidant Trolox-C.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Hartell
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muguruma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karube
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D008027:Light; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D016716:PC12 Cells; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C115905:5',5''-bis(aminomethyl)-2,2'-5',2''-terthiophene; D000975:Antioxidants; D002839:Chromans; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D013876:Thiophenes; C010643:6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid