title: Factors associated with lapses to heroin use during methadone maintenance.
abstract: This prospective, observational study investigated factors predicting a lapse to heroin use in 74 heroin-abstinent methadone maintenance patients. After baseline data collection, participants were assessed twice per week for 7 weeks and again at 6 months after baseline. Proportional hazards regression and logistic regression were used to investigate the effects of study predictors on heroin use. A goal of absolute heroin abstinence consistently predicted a lower risk of a lapse, whereas marijuana use was associated with a greater risk. Stress variables were not predictive. The abstinence goal and stress results were consistent with the authors' previous studies of other drug treatment samples. This line of research suggests that factors influencing lapses are similar across drug treatment populations and the role of stress in precipitating relapse remains unresolved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA. WASSERMAN.DAVID_A@SANFRANCISCO.VA.GOV
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wasserman
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Havassy
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D016312:Treatment Refusal
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D008691:Methadone