title: Nerve growth factor acutely reduces chemical transmission by means of postsynaptic TrkA-like receptors in squid giant synapse.
abstract: Tyrosine phosphorylation has been shown to be an important modulator of synaptic transmission in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Such findings hint toward the existence of extracellular ligands capable of activating this widely represented signaling mechanism at or close to the synapse. Examples of such ligands are the peptide growth factors which, on binding, activate receptor tyrosine kinases. To gain insight into the physiological consequences of receptor tyrosine kinase activation in squid giant synapse, a series of growth factors was tested in this preparation. Electrophysiological, pharmacological, and biochemical analysis demonstrated that nerve growth factor (NGF) triggers an acute and specific reduction of the postsynaptic potential amplitude, without affecting the presynaptic spike generation or presynaptic calcium current. The NGF target is localized at a postsynaptic site and involves a new TrkA-like receptor. The squid receptor crossreacts with antibodies generated against mammalian TrkA, is tyrosine phosphorylated in response to NGF stimulation, and is blocked by specific pharmacological inhibitors. The modulation described emphasizes the important role of growth factors on invertebrate synaptic transmission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nadal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leznik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugimori
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lax
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schlessinger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Llinás
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049832:Decapodiformes; D004594:Electrophysiology; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000819:agonists / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000819:agonists / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020917:Receptor, trkA