title: Murine local lymph node assay for predictive testing of allergenicity: two irritants caused significant proliferation.
abstract: The murine local lymph node assay is a method for predictive testing of contact allergenicity, but its ability to discriminate between allergens and irritants has been questioned. To explain some of the conflicting results with irritants, the proliferation induced by methyl salicylate and nonanoic acid, both considered to be non-sensitisers, was further investigated. Both substances showed a dose--response relationship and clearly positive results when tested at higher concentrations (> or = 50%) and would thus be classified as potential sensitisers according to the present criteria for a positive assay result. In the case of methyl salicylate, the use of either dimethyl formamide or methyl ethyl ketone as vehicle did not significantly influence the results. The negative results obtained for methyl salicylate in some earlier reports were probably due to testing at too low concentrations. The proliferation induced by irritants such as methyl salicylate and nonanoic acid and inter alia sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, oxalic acid, chloroform/methanol (2:1) must be better recognized and elucidated before the assay can be generally accepted as a predictive test method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine, National Institute for Working Life, Solna, Sweden.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montelius
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wahlkvist
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boman
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wahlberg
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D002074:Butanones / Q000494:pharmacology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002725:Chloroform / Q000009:adverse effects; D003902:Detergents / Q000009:adverse effects; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005404:Fixatives / Q000009:adverse effects; D007509:Irritants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D000432:Methanol / Q000009:adverse effects; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D017830:Octoxynol / Q000009:adverse effects; D019815:Oxalic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D019163:Reducing Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D012459:Salicylates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000009:adverse effects; D012997:Solvents / Q000009:adverse effects; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D002074:Butanones; D003902:Detergents; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005404:Fixatives; D007509:Irritants; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D019163:Reducing Agents; D012459:Salicylates; D012997:Solvents; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; C005222:methylethyl ketone; D002725:Chloroform; D004126:Dimethylformamide; D017830:Octoxynol; C008776:pelargonic acid; D019815:Oxalic Acid; C033069:methyl salicylate; D000432:Methanol