title: Combination of immunoadsorption therapy and high-dose methylprednisolone in patients with lupus nephritis; possible indications in patients with early stage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Therapeutic protocol and indication of immunoadsorption therapy (IA) for lupus nephritis (LN) have not been established, although it has been reported to be effective in resistant cases. Here, we performed IA and double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in combination with high-dose methyprednisolone in patients with LN, and studied possible indications of IA.
  
  
  METHODS
  IA and DFPP were performed in 9 patients each with LN. They were immediately followed by intravenous infusion of 500 mg of methylprednisolone for prevention of rebound phenomenon. After these treatments 1-2 times a week, a total of 4-6 times, clinical findings were observed for 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The effects on clinical findings such as erythema, fever and arthralgia, serum complement activity, mean urinary protein and reduction of dose of adrenocorticosteroids were comparable in both treatments. Serum titers of ADNA decreased by IA more than DFPP (16% in IA, 38% in DFPP in 3 months), while serum immunoglobulins decreased by IA less than DFPP. Responses in urinary protein after IA tended to be better in patients with high titer of serum ADNA and without nephrotic syndrome, and not associated with disease activity of SLE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Removal of ADNA was more selective in IA than in DFPP, and the effects of IA were comparable with those of DFPP. Since patients with low titers of serum ADNA and nephrotic syndrome showed poor responses to IA, it might be worth trying rather in patients with early phase of lupus nephritis.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Funauchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikoma
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imada
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanamaru
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000097:blood; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007163:Immunosorbent Techniques; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D012709:Serum Albumin; D003404:Creatinine; D008775:Methylprednisolone