title: Medical control of intraocular pressure after cataract surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of 2 medications commonly used to prevent intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in the early period after cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study comprised 202 eyes of patients scheduled for cataract extraction who agreed to participate. Patients were randomized to receive oral acetazolamide, 500 mg 1 hour preoperatively; oral acetazolamide, 500 mg immediately postoperatively; apraclonidine hydrochloride 1%, 2 drops 1 hour preoperatively; or artificial tears (control group). Intraocular pressure was measured preoperatively and 4 to 6 and 24 hours postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative IOP was not significantly different among the 4 groups. At 4 to 6 hours postoperatively, only preoperative acetazolamide was significantly more effective than the control medication (P = .038); at 24 hours there were no significant differences among the 4 groups. Postoperative IOP elevation in excess of 35 mm Hg at 6 or 24 hours decreased significantly in the preoperative acetazolamide group (3/46 eyes) compared with the control group (14/54 eyes). There was no statistically significant difference in IOP elevation between eyes having extracapsular cataract extraction and those having phacoemulsification, independent of treatment group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results favor preoperative acetazolamide to control postcataract IOP elevation. The method of cataract removal did not affect postoperative IOP elevation.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, California 94304, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Byrd
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; C016986:apraclonidine; D003000:Clonidine; D000086:Acetazolamide