title: Dioxins, PCBs and some chlorinated pesticides in human milk from the Kola Peninsula, Russia.
abstract: In 1993, 30 individual human milk samples were collected in Murmansk and Monchegorsk, and analysed for 23 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, PCBs (IUPAC nos.) 28, 52, 66, 74, 99, 101, 105, 110, 114, 118, 128, 138, 141, 149, 153, 156, 157, 170, 180, 187, 194, 206, and 209. In addition, the following organochlorine pesticides (OCPs): hexachlorobenzene (HCB), the alpha-, beta-, gamma-isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), the chlordanes: oxychlordane, trans-chlordane, cis-chlordane, trans-nonachlor, and cis-nonachlor, and the DDT-compounds: pp-DDE, pp-DDD, op-DDT and pp-DDT were detected. From each city, a pooled sample was made and analysed for non-ortho PCBs, dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). In addition one individual sample from Monchegorsk was analysed for PCDDs/PCDFs because of the very high levels of PCBs in this sample. High levels of pp-DDE and beta-HCH were found in Murmansk and Monchegorsk (in parenthesis) with mean levels of 1269, (892) and 853, (739) micrograms/kg milk fat respectively. Highest individual levels of pp-DDE (2816 micrograms/kg milk fat) and beta-HCH (1988 micrograms/kg milk fat) were found in Murmansk. Significant differences were found between the levels of gamma-HCH, cis-chlordane, trans-nonachlor, cis-nonachlor, pp-DDE, and the PCBs 28, 52, 74, 66, 110, 118, 105, 128, 206, and 209, between the two areas. No geographic differences in the concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs and non-ortho PCBs in the sample pools from the two Russian areas were observed.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Food Hygiene, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polder
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Becher
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Savinova
authors.forename: J U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Skaare
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D012426:Russia
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D007306:Insecticides; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls