title: Assessing chance variability in treatment trials.
abstract: Chance variability hampers the interpretation of treatment trials. There are two main ways in which we can be misled: spurious findings may be produced by chance alone, or real effects may be hidden. P values and confidence intervals can help us to avoid these pitfalls when interpreting the findings from clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Management, University of St Andrews.
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D015982:Bias; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D011336:Probability