title: Stretch force on vascular smooth muscle cells enhances oxidation of LDL via superoxide production.
abstract: Hemodynamic forces on vasculature profoundly influence atherogenesis. We examined the effect of stretch force on the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASM) and superoxide production. Stretch force was imposed on RASM cultured on deformable dishes by stretching the dishes. Incubation of native LDL with static RASM for 24 h resulted in LDL oxidation as indicated by increases in thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances from 9.5 +/- 2.3 to 24.5 +/- 2.3 nmol malondialdehyde/mg. Stretch force on RASM augmented cell-mediated LDL oxidation to 149.3 +/- 17.1% concomitantly with increase in superoxide production. LDL oxidation was inhibited by superoxide dismutase or depletion of the metal ion in the culture medium, indicating that it was a metal ion-dependent and superoxide-mediated process. The enhancement of LDL oxidation by stretch force was inhibited by diphenyliodonium, indicating the involvement of the NADH/NADPH oxidase system. Our findings suggest that the increased oxidant stress induced by stretch force is one of the potential mechanisms whereby hypertension facilitates atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe 650, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rikitake
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeshita
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yamochi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003187:Compliance; D004106:Dilatation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D009243:NAD / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009249:NADP / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D009243:NAD; D013481:Superoxides; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; D009249:NADP; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase