Treatment of early AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma with oral all-trans-retinoic acid: results of a sequential non-randomized phase II trial. Kaposi's Sarcoma ANRS Study Group. Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy and safety of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), a retinoid with antitumour activity that inhibits in vitro the growth of Kaposi's sarcoma cells, in patients with low-risk AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma.


METHODS
Non-randomized phase II study, using a group sequential procedure to determine whether the response rate to ATRA was above 10%.


METHODS
Nine referral French centres.


METHODS
Twenty HIV-seropositive men with CD4 cells > or = 200 x 10(6)/l, low-risk Kaposi's sarcoma [T0I0S0 according to the classification of AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG)] not previously treated with systemic anti-Kaposi's sarcoma agents, and with at least four measurable lesions were included.


METHODS
ATRA was given orally 45 mg/m2 daily for 12 weeks.


METHODS
Tumour response evaluated according to ACTG criteria.


RESULTS
Nineteen patients were evaluated for response: partial response, stabilization and progression were found in eight (42%), seven (37%), and four (21%) patients, respectively. Gradual flattening and lightening of lesions was observed in responders after at least 2 months of ATRA. All patients with partial response at week 12 pursued ATRA for another 15+/-7 weeks. Further improvement was observed in six patients. Median duration of response was 332 days. Cheilitis, transient headaches and skin dryness were the main toxicities noted. No significant changes in HIV viral burden or serum interleukin-6 pathways were observed.


CONCLUSIONS
ATRA is well tolerated and effective enough in Kaposi's sarcoma patients to warrant further evaluation.
Saiag
P
P
Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Université Paris V, Boulogne, France.
Pavlovic
M
M
Clerici
T
T
Feauveau
V
V
Nicolas
J C
JC
Emile
D
D
Chastang
C
C
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019562:Viral Load
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D014212:Tretinoin