title: The effect of short-term cortisol changes on growth hormone responses to the pyridostigmine-growth-hormone-releasing-hormone test in healthy adults and patients with suspected growth hormone deficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The interaction between cortisol and growth hormone (GH)-levels may significantly influence GH-responses to a stimulation test. In order to systematically analyse the interaction in a paired design, it is necessary to use a test, which has been proven safe and reliable such as the pyridostigmine-growth-hormone-releasing-hormone (PD-GHRH) test. Three groups of subjects with a different GH-secretory capacity were included.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight healthy adults were tested seven times, once with placebo throughout the examination and six times with the PD-GHRH test following no glucocorticoid pretreatment, pretreatment with hydrocortisone (HC) (30 mg/day and 80 mg/day for 1 and 3 days) or pretreatment with 15 mg prednisolone for 1 day. HC (80 mg/day for 1 day) in combination with PD significantly stimulated GH-levels compared to PD alone, 18.9 mU/l +/- 6.1 vs 3.0 mU/l +/- 0.8 (P < 0.05). However, peak GH-responses to PD in combination with GHRH were reduced during HC (80 mg/day for 1 day) compared to no glucocorticoid pretreatment in all healthy adults. Conventional HC therapy (30 mg/day for 1 and 3 days) did not significantly affect peak GH-responses.
  16 patients with suspected GH-deficiency (GHD) (seven with known ACTH-deficiency and nine with an intact pituitary-adrenal axis) were tested five times with the PD-GHRH test following no pretreatment or pretreatment with HC (30 mg/day and 80 mg/day for 1 and 3 days). Peak GH-responses were not significantly affected by conventional HC therapy (30 mg/day for 1 and 3 days). However, peak GH-responses to PD in combination with GHRH were reduced during HC (80 mg/day for 1 day) compared to no glucocorticoid pretreatment in all patients. Short-term hypocortisolism did not significantly affect peak GH-responses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GH-responses to a PD-GHRH test were reduced in all individuals during acute stress-appropriate cortisol levels and the percentage reduction in GH-levels was independent of the GH-secretory capacity. Clinically, we found that peak GH-responses were not significantly affected by a short break in conventional HC therapy nor by conventional HC therapy itself. However, our results also demonstrated that a GH-stimulation test should not be performed on patients, suffering from acute stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark. mar.andersen@winsloew.ou.dk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Støving
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hangaard
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hagen
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000172:deficiency; D000328:Adult; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010901:Pituitary Function Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D013006:Growth Hormone; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D011239:Prednisolone; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide; D006854:Hydrocortisone