title: Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy and deafness (DIDMOAD) caused by mutations in a novel gene (wolframin) coding for a predicted transmembrane protein.
abstract: Wolfram syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by juvenile diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, optic atrophy and a number of neurological symptoms including deafness, ataxia and peripheral neuropathy. Mitochondrial DNA deletions have been described in a few patients and a locus has been mapped to 4p16 by linkage analysis. Susceptibility to psychiatric illness is reported to be high in affected individuals and increased in heterozygous carriers in Wolfram syndrome families. We screened four candidate genes in a refined critical linkage interval covered by an unfinished genomic sequence of 600 kb. One of these genes, subsequently named wolframin, codes for a predicted transmembrane protein which was expressed in various tissues, including brain and pancreas, and carried loss-of-function mutations in both alleles in Wolfram syndrome patients.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Medizinische Genetik, Klinikum Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Goethestrasse 29, 80336 München, Germany.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Strom
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hörtnagel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gekeler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scharfe
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rabl
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Gerbitz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meitinger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002894:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005091:Exons; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005796:Genes / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010375:Pedigree; D020161:Physical Chromosome Mapping; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014929:Wolfram Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C114987:wolframin protein; D004247:DNA