The feasibility of intracarotid adenosine for the manipulation of human cerebrovascular resistance.
To assess the feasibility of manipulating human cerebrovascular resistance with adenosine, we measured cerebral blood flow (CBF) by determining the initial slope (IS) of tracer washout 20-80 s after intracarotid 133Xe injection (standard IS) during sequential 3-min intracarotid infusions of (a) saline; (b) adenosine 1.2-mg bolus followed by an infusion of 1 mg/min (bolus + infusion); (c) saline; and (d) nicardipine (0.1 mg/min). During 133Xe washout, adenosine caused a rapidly clearing compartment. Therefore, tracer washout was also analyzed 5-25 s after injection (early IS). Nicardipine (n = 8) increased both standard IS (from 39+/-12 to 53+/-16 mL 100g.min(-1); P < 0.005) and early IS (from 40+/-9 to 55+/-20 arbitrary units; P < 0.02) to a similar degree. Adenosine bolus + infusion increased early IS (from 33+/-6 to 82+/-43 arbitrary units; P < 0.02) but did not increase standard IS (from 41+/-12 to 43 +/-16 mL 100g(-1) min(-1)). Standard and early IS values were then determined before and after adenosine delivered either by infusion alone (2 mg/min for 3 min, n = 5) or bolus alone (2 mg in 1 s, n = 3). Neither standard nor early IS changed after adenosine infusion alone. Early IS increased after adenosine bolus alone. Increase in early IS, but not standard IS, suggests a transient (<30 s) increase in CBF.


CONCLUSIONS
Intracarotid adenosine, in the 1- to 2-mg dose range, may cause a transient, but not a sustained, increase in cerebral blood flow. Intracarotid adenosine in such a dose range does not seem to be an appropriate drug for sustained manipulation of cerebrovascular resistance.
Joshi
S
S
Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Young
W L
WL
Pile-Spellman
J
J
Duong
D H
DH
Vang
M C
MC
Hacein-Bey
L
L
Lee
H T
HT
Ostapkovich
N
N
D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014980:Xenon Radioisotopes
D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D014980:Xenon Radioisotopes; D009529:Nicardipine; D000241:Adenosine