title: Heat shock inhibits cytokine-induced nitric oxide synthase expression by rat and human islets.
abstract: In this study the effects of heat shock on interleukin-1beta (IL-1)-induced inhibition of islet metabolic function were examined. Treatment of rat islets for 18 h with IL-1 results in a potent inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The inhibitory effects of IL-1 on insulin secretion are completely prevented if islets are pretreated for 60 min at 42 C before cytokine stimulation. Heat shock also prevents IL-1-induced inhibition of insulinoma RINm5F cell mitochondrial aconitase activity. The protective effects of heat shock on islet metabolic function are associated with the inhibition of IL-1-stimulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS or NOS II) expression. Islets heat shocked for 60 min at 42 C fail to express iNOS (messenger RNA or protein) or produce nitrite in response to IL-1. IL-1-induced iNOS expression by rat islets requires activation of the transcriptional regulator nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). Heat shock prevents IL-1-induced NF-kappaB nuclear localization by inhibiting inhibitory protein kappaB (IkappaB) degradation in rat islets. Similar to rat islets, heat shock (stimulated by 90 min incubation at 42 C) prevents IL-1 + interferon gamma-induced iNOS expression and NF-kappaB nuclear localization in human islets. IL-1 also stimulates heat-shock protein 70 (hsp 70) expression by rat islets, and hsp 70 expression is dependent on islet production of nitric oxide. Last, evidence is presented that implicates nitric oxide as a stimulus for the expression of proteins that participate in islet recovery from nitric oxide-mediated damage. These studies indicate that heat shock prevents cytokine-induced islet damage by inhibiting iNOS expression, and suggest that nitric oxide is one effector molecule that stimulates the expression of factors involved in beta-cell recovery from nitric oxide-mediated damage.
authors.affiliation: Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri 63104, USA.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Scarim
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Heitmeier
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Corbett
mesh_terms: D000154:Aconitate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006834:Hydrazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012769:Shock / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006834:Hydrazines; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C084012:1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazine; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D000154:Aconitate Hydratase