title: Laparoscopic orchidopexy: the treatment of choice for the impalpable undescended testis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Management of the impalpable testis often represents a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the radiologist and surgeon. The aim of this work is to present the superior value of laparoscopy as a single tool for the diagnosis and treatment of the impalpable testis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three patients with 43 impalpable testes are included in this study. For each patient, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) then laparoscopy were performed. Either the testis or blind-ending cord structures are searched for. The testis was either brought down to the scrotum or removed depending on the condition of each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MRI detected 16 out of 43 impalpable testes (37.2%). Laparoscopy, on the other hand, detected 18 intra-abdominal testes, 7 inguinal and 16 blind-ending cord structures either above or below the internal inguinal ring. Blind-ending cord structures suggested a vanished testis. Orchidopexy was done for 23 cases, orchidectomy in 18 cases and laparoscopy only in 2 cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopy seems to offer a safe and reliable diagnostic and therapeutic option to patients with impalpable testes. Intra-abdominal dissection allows more testes to be brought down to the scrotum. The procedure is best viewed as laparoscopy-assisted, as orchidopexy has to be done in a conventional manner.
authors.affiliation: University of Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bakr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kotb
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome