title: Necrotizing enterocolitis and C-KIT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the gut, C-KIT is important for immune system homeostasis, and C-KIT+ cells are known to increase during inflammation. Recently the authors identified that spontaneous intestinal mucosal erosion develops in C-KIT-depleted W/Wv mice after day 14 of life at a high frequency, whereas genotypically normal litter mates do not. The authors hypothesized that a lack of C-KIT may be implicated in the development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Bowel specimens were taken during surgery or postmortem from nine cases of NEC (mean gestational age, 32.0 weeks), six age-matched cases of enteritis, and 10 age-matched controls. Specimens were formalin fixed, paraffin embedded, and labeled with antibody to C-KIT. The number of C-KIT+ cells from five random fields per specimen were compared under light microscopy (200x). Results were expressed as the mean +/- SD and compared using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In enteritis, the number of C-KIT+ cells in the lamina propria and submucosa was significantly higher than in controls (P<.01) indicative of their involvement in inflammation. However, in NEC, the number of C-KIT+ cells in the lamina propria and submucosa was significantly lower than in controls (P<.05) despite histological evidence of inflammation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A lack of C-KIT+ cells may exert a causal influence on the development of NEC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamataka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamataka
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sueyoshi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyano
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004751:Enteritis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit