title: Clinical effects of exogenous/endogenous TNF therapy on metastatic lesions of 34 colorectal cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We performed endogenous/exogenous TNF (EET) therapy using, as a primer, recombinant TNF-SAM2 (rTNF-S) as a premier; it has a broader anti-cancer spectrum and is less toxic than conventional TNF, and OK-432 as a trigger in patients with metastasis of colorectal cancer to the lung and/or liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects consisted of 34 patients of whom 8 had lung metastasis, 17 liver metastasis, and 9 lung and liver metastasis. EET therapy was performed without chemotherapy in 11 patients and with anti-cancer drugs such as mitomycin-C (MMC) and 5-FU in the other 23.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No patients showed a complete response. Partial response was observed in 10 patients (29.4%), minor response in 8 (23.5%), no change in 14 (41.2%), and progressive disease in 2 (5.8%). The response rate was 29.4%. A greater effect was observed in patients treated with EET in combination with anti-cancer drugs than those treated with EET alone. No serious side effects were observed, although all patients developed a fever above 38 degrees C, chill, and shiver.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EET therapy with rTNF-S combined with anti cancer drugs chemotherapy may be effective, and further studies are needed to select the most suitable anticancer drugs for combination with, and to determine the effective frequency of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fuchino
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umeno
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C109083:TNF-SAM2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha