title: Characterization of the T- and B-cell immune response to a new recombinant pre-S1, pre-S2 and SHBs antigen containing hepatitis B vaccine (Hepagene); evidence for superior anti-SHBs antibody induction in responder mice.
abstract: Hepagene is a novel recombinant particle consisting of the pre-S1, pre-S2 and small surface (SHBs) antigens (Ag) of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and is adjuvanted with alhydrogel in the final formulation. It has been primarily developed to enhance anti-SHBs antibody titres in inadequate responders, to conventional SHBsAg vaccines. Since non-compliance is also a problem with existing HBV vaccine schedules, the ability to accelerate current immunization regimens to provide more rapid protection has also been an important objective. Here we describe the T- and B-cell responses to Hepagene in two strains of responder mouse (BALB/c and SWR/J). Hepagene induced high in vitro spleen T-cell proliferative responses in both strains (max. Stimulation Index = 43), following intraperitoneal immunization. High concentrations of interferon-gamma (max. = 5000 pg/mL) were detected in the media of spleen cells cultured with non-adjuvanted Hepagene particles. SWR/J mice showed the highest serum antibody (Ab) titres to non-adjuvanted Hepagene. The presence of alhydrogel adjuvant in the vaccine formulation significantly improved the titres. Anti-pre-S1 Ab was detected in both strains of mouse but anti-pre-S2 Ab was only detected in the SWR/J strain. In BALB/c mice, the anti-Hepagene (non-adjuvanted) IgG1 Ab subclass was predominant but in SWR/J mice IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b subclasses were of a similar magnitude. In BALB/c mice, Hepagene induced higher anti-SHBs Ab responses than Engerix-B (11097 IU/mL and 1276 IU/mL, respectively), following two doses of vaccine (10 micrograms/mouse). The vaccine therefore, induces strong cellular and humoral immune responses and these data suggest that Hepagene is an improved hepatitis B vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bacon
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cahill
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bentley
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Chatfield
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011498:Protein Precursors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins