title: Lovastatin inhibits mesangial cell proliferation via p27Kip1.
abstract: Mesangial cell proliferation is a key feature of glomerulonephritis. The hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor lovastatin is known to inhibit cell cycle progression. To determine the inhibitory mechanisms of mesangial cell proliferation by lovastatin, the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity, and expression of CDK inhibitor (p27Kip1, p21Cip1, and p16INK4) mRNA and protein were measured. Lovastatin inhibited phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein and mesangial cell proliferation dose dependently. Lovastatin increased the p27Kip1 protein level but produced no changes in the abundance of the p27Kip1 mRNA level both in the presence and absence of mitogens. Treatment with lovastatin revealed the increment of both CDK2- and CDK4-bound-p27Kip1. The experiment using antisense oligonucleotide against p27Kip1 showed significant amelioration of lovastatin-induced cell cycle arrest. Lovastatin reduced both platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated CDK2 and CDK4 kinase activities. In conclusion, lovastatin inhibited mesangial proliferation via translational upregulation or impairment of p27Kip1 protein degradation. Lovastatin serves as a potential therapeutic approach to mesangial proliferative disease.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inoshita
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuwahara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marumo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008148:Lovastatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: C493958:Cdkn1a protein, rat; C493962:Cdkn1b protein, rat; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D019332:Endothelin-1; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D008148:Lovastatin; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D042846:CDC2-CDC28 Kinases; C495892:Cdk2 protein, rat; C495903:Cdk4 protein, rat; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases