title: Plasma, urinary and biliary residues in cattle following intramuscular injection of nortestosterone laurate.
abstract: The synthetic androgen 19-nortestosterone (beta-NT) has been used illegally as a growth promoter in cattle production in the European Union. Elimination of beta-NT and its metabolites in plasma, urine and bile was studied in three cattle with cannulated gallbladders following intramuscular injection at a single site of 500 mg of the laurate ester (NTL) containing 300.5 mg beta-NT. Using enzyme immunoassay quantification, plasma Cmax of free beta-NT was 0.5 +/- 0.15 microgram/L (mean +/- SEM). Concentrations of free beta-NT in plasma were consistently greater than the assay limit of quantification (0.12 microgram/L) for 32.7 +/- 13.42 days. Mean residence time for the beta-NT in plasma was 68.5 +/- 20.75 days. Following sample preparation by immunoaffinity chromatography, high-resolution GC-MS was used to quantify beta-NT and alpha-NT in urine and bile. beta-NT was detected irregularly in urine from two of the three animals post injection. The principal metabolite present in the urine, alpha-NT, was detected for 160.3 +/- 22.67 days post injection. Cmax for alpha-NT in urine was 13.7 +/- 5.14 micrograms/L. Mean urinary AUC0-183 days for alpha-NT was 845.7 +/- 400.90 (microgram h)/L. In bile, alpha-NT was the only metabolite detected for 174.3 +/- 8.67 days post treatment. Cmax for alpha-NT in bile was 40.8 +/- 12.70 micrograms/L and mean biliary AUC0-183 days for alpha-NT was 1982.6 +/- 373.81 (microgram h)/L. Concentrations of alpha-NT in bile samples were greater than those in urine samples taken at the same time. The mean ratio of biliary:urinary AUC0-183 days was 3.0 +/- 0.72. It is concluded that bile is a superior fluid for detection of alpha-NT following injection of NTL, owing to the longer period during which residues may be detected after administration.
authors.affiliation: Residues Department, Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, Belfast, UK.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: McEvoy
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: McVeigh
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Currie
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: McCaughey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009277:Nandrolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009277:Nandrolone