title: Effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitor trandolapril on human diabetic neuropathy: randomised double-blind controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes is a common cause of polyneuropathy. The development and progression of nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy are closely related. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors delay progression of both nephropathy and retinopathy. We investigated the effect of ACE inhibition on diabetic neuropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 41 normotensive patients with type I or type II diabetes and mild neuropathy into a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Changes in the neuropathy symptom and deficit scores, vibration-perception threshold, peripheral-nerve electrophysiology, and cardiovascular autonomic function, were assessed at 6 and 12 months. The primary endpoint was the change in peroneal nerve motor conduction velocity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no significant difference at baseline for age, HbA1c, blood pressure, or severity of neuropathy between two groups. There was no change in HbA1c over the treatment period. Peroneal motor nerve conduction velocity (p=0.03) and M-wave amplitude (p=0.03) increased, and the F-wave latency (p=0.03) decreased and sural nerve action potential amplitude increased (p=0.04) significantly after 12 months of treatment with trandolapril compared with placebo. Vibration-perception threshold, autonomic function, and the neuropathy symptom and deficit score showed no improvement in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ACE inhibitor trandolapril may improve peripheral neuropathy in normotensive patients with diabetes. Larger clinical trials are needed to confirm these data before changes to clinical practice can be advocated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, UK.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Carrington
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schady
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Boulton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010543:Peroneal Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; C052035:trandolapril