title: Testicular suture: a significant risk factor for infertility among formerly cryptorchid men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although fertility is decreased after cryptorchidism, the importance of risk factors, including parenchymal testicular suture, is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between parenchymal testicular suture and failure to conceive a child for 1 year or longer among formerly cryptorchid men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men who underwent orchidopexy between 1955 and 1972 at the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (n = 619) were surveyed by questionnaire and their medical records reviewed. Only the men who attempted to conceive a child (n = 387) are included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Logistic regression analysis determined significant risk factors for infertility. Testicular suture was strongly related to infertility (RR, 7.56; 95% CI, 1.66, 34.39) as were bilateral cryptorchidism (RR, 5.51; 95% CI, 1.58, 19.24), varicocele (RR, 4.72; 95% CI, 1.42, 15.75), hormone treatment before surgery (RR, 3.69; 95% CI, 1.22, 11.11), and partner conception problem (RR, 3.32; 95% CI, 1.11, 9.90).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Testicular suture was a potent independent determinant of infertility among formerly cryptorchid men who have orchidopexy. Bilateral cryptorchidism, hormone treatment, varicocele, and partner conception problems also were associated with increased infertility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, PA, USA.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Coughlin
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Bellinger
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: LaPorte
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013536:Suture Techniques