title: Exacerbation of the inflammatory response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis after antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: A patient with HIV infection was successfully treated for pulmonary tuberculosis, but pulmonary inflammation and lymphadenitis worsened dramatically after subsequent combination antiretroviral therapy. As this relapse coincided with development of a strong delayed-type hypersensitivity response to tuberculin and improved after treatment with the anti-inflammatory agent oxpentifylline, it was probably caused by restoration of pathogen-specific cellular immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Perth Hospital, WA. martfren@rph.health.wa.gov.au
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: French
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents