title: Formalin treatment of refractory hemorrhagic cystitis in systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: Hemorrhagic cystitis is a potentially life-threatening complication in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). No safe, effective and conservative treatment exists for patients who fail to respond to standard therapy. We report a 17-year-old girl with SLE who suffered from severe hemorrhagic cystitis. Initially, she received frequent red blood cell and platelet transfusions, continuous bladder irrigation, and blood clots were evacuated. Numerous kinds of treatment were tried, including electrocoagulation of bleeding foci, prostaglandin E1 bladder instillation, and hyperbaric oxygen. However, she remained severely anemic and thrombocytopenic necessitating daily transfusions of blood products. After intravesical formalin instillation was performed twice, the hematuria ceased completely.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000740:Anemia / Q000150:complications; D003556:Cystitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006417:Hematuria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D017713:Platelet Transfusion; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000150:complications; D001743:Urinary Bladder
chemical_list: D005557:Formaldehyde