title: Male infertility: analysis of the markers and genes on the human Y chromosome.
abstract: The long arm of the human Y chromosome is required for male fertility. Deletions in three different regions can cause severe spermatogenic defects ranging from non-obstructive azoospermia to oligozoospermia. Use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) may allow Y chromosome defects to be passed from father to son. Thus, numerous reports have stressed the need to offer genetic testing to infertile men who select ICSI and a number of reproductive clinics have begun to do so. The primary objectives of this review were: firstly, to discuss the characteristics of the published set of polymerase chain reaction markers and how these characteristics affect interpretation of Y chromosome deletion analysis and secondly, to summarize the recent literature pertaining to the genes on the Y chromosome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0720, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Kostiner
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Turek
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Reijo
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D000075364:Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005817:Genetic Counseling; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014998:Y Chromosome
chemical_list: C095668:DAZ1 protein, human; D000075364:Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein; D005819:Genetic Markers; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C501499:RBMY1A1 protein, human; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins