title: Patterns of coordination and clinical outcomes: a study of surgical services.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that surgical services combining relatively high levels of feedback and programming approaches to the coordination of surgical staff would have better quality of care than surgical services using low levels of both coordination approaches as well as those surgical service using low levels of either coordination approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  A study sample of 44 academically affiliated surgical services that are part of the Department of Veterans Affairs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-sectional analysis, surgical services were assigned to one of three groups based on their scores on feedback and programming coordination measures: high on both measures; high on one measure, low on the other; and low on both. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess differences among these groups with respect to three quality indicators: risk-adjusted mortality, risk-adjusted morbidity, and staff perceptions of quality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Risk-adjusted mortality and morbidity came from an outcomes reporting program within the Department of Veterans Affairs that entails the prospective collection of clinical data from patient charts. Data on coordination practices and perceived quality came from a survey of surgical staff at each of the 44 participating surgical services.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The group of surgical services using high feedback and high programming had the best perceived quality. This group also had the lowest morbidity, but the difference was statistically significant with respect to only one of the two other groups: the group with low feedback and low programming. No significant group differences were found for mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study results provide partial support for the hypothesis that high levels of feedback and programming should be combined for optimal quality of care. Study results also suggest that staff coordination is more important for improving morbidity than mortality in surgical services.
authors.affiliation: Boston University School of Public Health, USA.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Charns
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Khuri
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Daley
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005246:Feedback; D006302:Health Services Research / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D013503:Surgery Department, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000592:standards*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017749:Total Quality Management / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States; D014493:United States Department of Veterans Affairs