title: Non-gynecologic laparoscopy in second and third trimester pregnancy: obstetric implications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the effect of non-gynecologic laparoscopic procedures performed during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy on pregnancy outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of the patient log for the antenatal obstetrical unit was used to identify the patients in this series from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997. Medical records were then analyzed to identify estimated gestational age at surgery and delivery, type of delivery, use of tocolysis, and complications from surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine patients were identified as having non-gynecologic laparoscopic surgery (without conversion to laparotomy) during the second or third trimester of pregnancy. The median estimated gestational age at surgery was 25 weeks (mean 24 weeks). The most common procedure performed was laparoscopic cholecystectomy (6 patients). Five patients received tocolysis after the initial procedure. All patients delivered at greater than or equal to 37 weeks estimated gestational age (median 38 weeks). No infants were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic procedures appear safe in second and third trimester pregnancy. In this study, laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed as late as 34 weeks estimated gestational age without any adverse effects on pregnancy outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Vincent Hospitals and Health Services, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. jp_mig@msn.com
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Geisler
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Mernitz
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hiett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011379:Prognosis; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015145:Tocolysis / Q000379:methods