title: The PTEN/MMAC1 tumor suppressor induces cell death that is rescued by the AKT/protein kinase B oncogene.
abstract: PTEN/MMAC1 is a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in a variety of cancers. PTEN encodes a phosphatase that recognizes phosphoprotein substrates and the phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate. PTEN inhibited cell growth and/or colony formation in all of the epithelial lines tested with one exception. The decrease in cellular proliferation was associated with an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of signaling through the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase pathway. Akt/protein kinase B, a gene whose antiapoptotic function is regulated by phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate, was able to rescue cells from PTEN-dependent death. PTEN, therefore, appears to suppress tumor growth by regulating phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miliaresis
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tonks
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D002455:Cell Division; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human