title: Activation of alveolar macrophages and peripheral red blood cells in rats exposed to fibers/particles.
abstract: The cytotoxic and oxidative responses of crocidolite and chrysotile asbestos fibers and ultrafine titanium dioxide (UF-TiO2) particles were measured in alveolar macrophages (AM) and peripheral red blood cells (RBC) of rat after 30 days with a single intratracheal exposure (5 mg). The following responses were observed one month after fiber/particle instillation: (1) AM population increased; (2) lactate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activities in cell free lung lavage fluid increased; (3) substances that react with hydrogen peroxide or thiobarbituric acid were elevated in both AM and peripheral RBC; (4) glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalase were altered in both AM and peripheral RBC; (5) glutathione and ascorbic acid decreased in both AM and peripheral RBC. A significant difference from negative controls was noted in all responses of the two fiber-exposed groups, and in most responses of the UF-TiO2-exposed group. The level of responses to the three test substances suggested a decreasing order of toxicity, with crocidolite > chrysotile > UF-TiO2.
authors.affiliation: Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Afaq
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abidi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matin
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Rahman
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D017638:Asbestos, Crocidolite / Q000633:toxicity; D017632:Asbestos, Serpentine / Q000633:toxicity; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D004391:Dust / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D019016:Mineral Fibers / Q000633:toxicity*; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014025:Titanium / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D017632:Asbestos, Serpentine; D002273:Carcinogens; D004391:Dust; D019016:Mineral Fibers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017638:Asbestos, Crocidolite; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium