title: The effects of the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 on arachidonic acid-, GTPgammaS-, and phorbol ester-induced Ca2+-sensitization of smooth muscle.
abstract: The effects of the Rho-kinase inhibitor, Y-27632 [1] on Ca2+-sensitization of force induced by arachidonic acid (AA), phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), GTPgammaS, and by the stable thromboxane analog, 9,11-dideoxy-9alpha,11alpha-methanoepoxy-PGF2alpha (U-46619), were determined in alpha-toxin-permeabilized smooth muscles. Y-27632 relaxed (up to 99%) Ca2+-sensitization by GTPgammaS (10 microM) and U46619 (1 microM), but not by PDBu (20 microM), and reduced GTPgammaS-induced myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation from 28% to 17% (P=0.002). GTPgammaS-induced force sensitization was inhibited by Y-27632 more potently when the inhibitor was added during the plateau of force than prior to stimulation. In alpha-toxin-permeabilized smooth muscle, Y-27632 inhibited AA (50 microM)-induced Ca2+-sensitization of force (by 66 +/- 1.3%) and reduced MLC20 phosphorylation. In contrast, Y-27632 did not relax force Ca2+-sensitized by AA in smooth muscle permeabilized with Triton X-100. We conclude that (i) AA induces Ca2+-sensitization through dual mechanisms, one mediated by Rho-kinase (or a related kinase), and (ii) Rho-kinase is not required for phorbol ester-induced Ca2+-sensitization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22906-0011, USA.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Somlyo
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Somlyo
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate) / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008954:Models, Biological; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D017830:Octoxynol; D010539:Permeability; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D011651:Pulmonary Artery; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D011725:Pyridines; C108830:Y 27632; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D017830:Octoxynol; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D002118:Calcium