title: COUP-TFI expression in human adrenocortical adenomas: possible role in steroidogenesis.
abstract: Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor I (COUP-TFI) is an orphan nuclear receptor essential for neurogenesis, organogenesis, and cell fate determination. CYP17 gene transcription has recently been shown to be activated by SF-1 (steroidogenic factor-1) binding to a cyclic AMP-responsive sequence within the promoter region of the gene, and inhibited by COUP-TF binding to the sequence. Thus, COUP-TF and SF-1 act as a transcriptional repressor and activator, respectively, of CYP17 gene expression. Transcriptional repression by COUP-TFI is mediated by corepressors, N-CoR (nuclear receptor-corepressor) and SMRT (silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid hormone-receptor), whereas transcriptional activation by SF-1 is mediated by coactivator SRC-1 (steroid receptor coactivator-1). We therefore examined the expression of COUP-TFI, SF-1, SRC-1, N-CoR, and SMRT in a variety of adrenocortical adenomas and compared the results with CYP17 mRNA levels. We found significantly high COUP-TFI mRNA expression in nonfunctional adenomas (n=8: 220+/-16%; normal 96+/-4%), a deoxycorticosterone-producing adenoma (n=1: 200%), and a pre-clinical Cushing's adenoma (n=1: 280%), intermediate COUP-TFI expression in cortisol-producing adenomas (n=8: 63+/-5%), and low COUP-TFI expression in aldosterone-producing adenomas (n=8: 49+/-4%). In contrast to COUP-TFI, SF-1 mRNA expression did not vary significantly among adrenals. We did not detect the expected negative correlation between COUP-TFI and CYP17 mRNA levels in adrenocortical adenomas. High COUP-TFI expression was associatedwith a nonfunctioning phenotype. Interestingly, the pattern of COUP-TFI expression was similar to the profile of N-CoR expression, but not of SMRT expression. These results indicate that COUP-TFI and N-CoR may play a role in steroidogenesis by human adrenocortical adenomas.
authors.affiliation: Health Center, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saruta
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D051838:COUP Transcription Factor I; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D013256:Steroids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051838:COUP Transcription Factor I; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C539127:NCOR1 protein, human; C497589:NR2F1 protein, human; C515057:NR5A1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D013256:Steroids; D014157:Transcription Factors; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase