title: Treatment of metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis: significance of the international consensus prognostic classification as a prognostic factor-based staging system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We reviewed treatment results in patients with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis and examined the significance of the International Consensus Prognostic Classification to make appropriate risk-based decisions concerning induction chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We divided 37 patients treated with platinum-based combination chemotherapy into good, intermediate, and poor prognostic groups utilizing the International Consensus Prognostic Classification. The data was analyzed for both overall survival and progression-free survival among the 3 prognostic groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 37 patients, 10 died (8 of progressive disease, 1 of pneumonia during induction chemotherapy and 1 of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cardiomyolitis during salvage chemotherapy). The survivors were followed for 6 to 1 84 months from the beginning of induction chemotherapy (median, 80 months). Five of the 37 patients (14%) were classified as having a good prognosis, 1 8 (48%) as intermediate, and 14 (38%) as having a poor prognosis. The patients in the poor prognostic group had a 5-year overall survival of only 40%, while those in the good and intermediate groups had 5-year overall survivals of 100% and 94%, respectively. When we applied the International Consensus Prognostic Classification to patients with advanced disease classified by the Indiana University Staging System, these patients could be clearly divided into good-risk and poor-risk groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The International Consensus Prognostic Classification is easily applicable and accurate for risk assessment in patients with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. This classification will now be widely used in general oncology practices and for clinical trials in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hioka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harabayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Demura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagamori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyanagi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018237:Germinoma / Q000145:classification / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*