title: Design and synthesis of 2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid, a novel and highly active inhibitor of nitric oxide production in mouse macrophages.
abstract: New derivatives with electron-withdrawing substituents at the C-2 position of 3-oxoolean-1-en-28-oic acid were synthesized. Among them, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO) was 400 times more potent than previous compounds we have made as an inhibitor of production of nitric oxide induced by interferon-gamma in mouse macrophages (IC50, 0.4 nM). The potency of CDDO was similar to that of dexamethasone, although CDDO does not act through the glucocorticoid receptor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: B V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Rounds
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Gribble
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Sporn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D015195:Drug Design; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: C116817:2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D003907:Dexamethasone; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases