title: MRI of bone metastases.
abstract: Some knowledge of MR theory is required to be able to achieve high contrast between bone metastases and normal marrow. Three factors are used in MR to diagnose bone metastases; fat-water distribution, artifacts induced by bone trabeculae, and uptake of contrast medium. Using MR-histological correlations based on specimens of the lumbar spine, and studies of patients, we explain the advantages and limitations of sequences studying fat and water (spin-echo T1, STIR, in- and out-of-phase gradient echo, fat presaturation), bone trabeculae (gradient echo with long TE), and the injection of contrast medium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vanel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bittoun
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tardivon
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000556:secondary*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity