title: [In vitro antimicrobial activity of cefpirome compared to other broad-spectrum beta-lactam drugs against 804 clinical isolates from 9 Brazilian hospitals].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the in vitro activity of the fourth-generation cephalosporin cefpirome in comparison to that of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and imipenem in a multicenter study involving nine hospitals from six cities (four States).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 804 isolates from patients hospitalized in either intensive care units or Oncology/Hematology units was evaluated. The isolates were collected between June and November of 1995, i.e. before cefpirome became commercially available in Brazil, and susceptibility tested by broth microdilution following the NCCLS procedures. All isolates resistant to cefpirome were retested by E-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Against Enterobacteriaceae (n = 344), cefpirome demonstrated an activity 2 to 32-fold higher than that of the third-generation cephalosporins (TGCs) and similar to that of imipenem. The percentages of Enterobacteriaceae susceptible were: 88%, 69% and 96% for cefpirome, TGCs and imipenem, respectively. The cefpirome spectrum was greater or equal than that of imipenem against Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Morganella morganii and Serratia marcescens. Against Acinetobacter sp. (n = 77), cefpirome was slightly more active than ceftazidime; however, the percentages of isolates resistant to these compounds were high (84% and 88%, respectively). The activities of cefpirome, ceftazidime and imipenem were very similar against P. aeruginosa isolates (n = 128), with MIC50(mg/ml)/percent susceptible of 8/59%, 8/62% and 4/62% respectively. Against aerobic gram-positive bacteria, the cefpirome activity was 4 to 16-fold higher than that of TGCs but 2 to 8-fold lower than that of imipenem.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that, in Brazil, cefpirome has a spectrum of activity which is higher than that of the TGCs against aerobic gram-negative (Enterobacteriaceae and non-Enterobacteriaceae) and gram-positive bacteria and similar to that of imipenem against some Enterobacteriaceae species and P. aeruginosa.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sader
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montelli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Segura
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Kesselring
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mamizuka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mimiça
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D018550:Cephalosporin Resistance; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000097572:Cefpirome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D000097572:Cefpirome
vernacular_title: Atividade antimicrobiana in vitro da cefpiroma em comparação com outros beta-lactâmicos de amplo espectro contra 804 amostras clínicas de nove hospitais brasileiros.