title: Embryonic expression and activity of doughnut, a second RYK homolog in Drosophila.
abstract: In the Drosophila embryo, a subset of muscles require expression and function of the RYK subfamily RTK gene derailed (drl) for correct attachment. We have isolated a second RYK homolog, doughnut (dnt), from Drosophila. The DNT protein exhibits 60% amino acid identity to DRL, and is structurally as similar to the mammalian RYK proteins as is DRL, indicating an ancient duplication event. dnt is expressed in dynamic patterns in the embryonic epidermis, being found at high level in epithelia adjacent to cells that are invaginating into the interior of the embryo, including ventral furrow, cephalic furrow, fore- and hindgut, optic lobe and tracheal pits. dnt is capable of a partial rescue of the muscle attachment defect of drl-/- embryos, indicating that it encodes a receptor with a related and significantly overlapping biochemical function.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne Tumour Biology Branch, P.O. Box 2008, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia. aoates@molbio.princeton.edu
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Oates
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bonkovsky
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Irvine
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Wilks
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D004817:Epidermis / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017344:Genes, Insect; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D008322:Mammals / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009132:Muscles / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C117382:dnt protein, Drosophila; C094492:DRL protein, Drosophila; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases