title: Functional kinesiology in haemophilia, an area yet to be explored.
abstract: In haemophilic arthropathy there is a progressive limitation of the range of motion (ROM) which may lead to disabilities in the activities of daily living (ADL). In the literature the pathology of haemophilic arthropathy is described extensively, but only one paper describing functional limitations caused by limited range of motion (LOM) in haemophilia was found. The aim of the pilot study was to estimate on theoretical grounds, how many patients with haemophilia might suffer from functional disabilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  ROM of elbows, knees and ankles of 155 Haemophilia A and B patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Flexion and extension were measured with an ordinary goniometer. The ROM of joints of patients with haemophilia was compared with normal values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  39 of 155 patients had a normal ROM in both elbows; 22 in one elbow; 34 patients had disabilities in ADL with both arms; 14 with one arm; 18 were able to compensate; 89 had no problems; 79 of 155 patients had a near normal ROM of both knees; 38 patients could not ride an ordinary bicycle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only limited data are available concerning the normal ROM needed for individual ADL. Until additional data are available, it is not possible to predict which patients will be disabled in their activities of daily living and individual counselling should be done during the yearly outpatient comprehensive care clinics. Conservative and surgical measures should be taken to ensure elbow flexion of at least 120 degrees and knee flexion of 100 degrees for Western societies. In Asian countries patients with haemophilia need maximum knee flexion and ankle dorsi flexion.
authors.affiliation: Van Creveld Clinic, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heijnen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Kleijn
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular