title: Cytosolic adenylyl cyclase defines a unique signaling molecule in mammals.
abstract: Mammals have nine differentially regulated isoforms of G protein-responsive transmembrane-spanning adenylyl cyclases. We now describe the existence of a distinct class of mammalian adenylyl cyclase that is soluble and insensitive to G protein or Forskolin regulation. Northern analysis indicates the gene encoding soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is preferentially expressed in testis. As purified from rat testis cytosol, the active form of sAC appears to be a fragment derived from the full-length protein, suggesting a proteolytic mechanism for sAC activation. The two presumptive catalytic domains of sAC are closely related to cyanobacterial adenylyl cyclases, providing an evolutionary link between bacterial and mammalian signaling molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schapal
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cann
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D051381:Rats; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012995:Solubility; D013737:Testis / Q000201:enzymology; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases