title: Inhibition of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 with antisense deoxynucleotides prolongs renal isograft survival in the rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Delayed graft function from ischemia-reperfusion injury has a negative impact on long-term renal graft survival. We tested the utility of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) against intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the pretransplant treatment of renal isografts in improving long-term graft survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of 16 inbred Lewis rats each underwent unilateral nephrectomy and were then transplanted with a kidney from a Lewis donor rat, which had received antisense ODN, reverse sense ODN, or saline vehicle six hours prior to nephrectomy. The kidneys were subjected to one hour of warm ischemia and 30 minutes of cold ischemia, which when untreated results in delayed graft function. The remaining native kidney was removed 10 days later. Serum creatinine and urinary protein excretion were measured in surviving rats at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20 after native nephrectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that by week 6 one half of the animals receiving reverse sense ODN and saline vehicle treatment had died, while all but 2 rats in the antisense ODN-treatment group survived to 20 weeks. Serum creatinine concentrations and urine protein excretion of surviving reverse sense and saline vehicle-treated rats were significantly higher than antisense treated rats at every time point. Histology at week 20 revealed marked interstitial fibrosis, focal glomerular sclerosis, vascular intimal and medial thickening and tubular atrophy in reverse sense and saline vehicle-treated kidneys, while antisense ODN-treated kidneys showed only modest changes. Immunohistochemistry showed macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration, as well as substantial up-regulation of MHC class II, in reverse sense and saline vehicle-treated kidneys compared to antisense ODN-treated kidneys.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that by ameliorating acute nonimmunological renal isograft injury, the long-term chronic nonimmunologic processes are improved as well. Furthermore, the data suggest that an antisense ODN strategy directed against ICAM-1 may have utility in human kidney transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Franz Volhard Clinic, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dragun
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lukitsch
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Tullius
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qun
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Luft
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014185:Transplantation, Isogeneic
chemical_list: D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1