title: In vitro effect of swainsonine on bovine and ovine lymphoblastogenesis.
abstract: Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were obtained from heifers and wethers to assess the in vitro effects of swainsonine. Stimulated and unstimulated PBL (2x10(5)/well; 96 well plates) were incubated in the presence of swainsonine (2, .2, .02, .002, and 0 microg/mL; n = 32) for 72 h. Mitogens used to stimulate PBL were concanavalin A (ConA; 5 microg/mL), phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P; 5 microg/mL), phytohemagglutinin-M (PHA-M; 5 microg/mL), pokeweed mitogen (PWM; 5 microg/mL), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 microg/mL). Controls received no swainsonine or mitogen. Effects of swainsonine are expressed as a percentage of stimulation relative to control (stimulation index; SI). Unstimulated bovine PBL treated with 2 microg/mL of swainsonine exhibited a depressed (P<.001; SI of 87 and 100 for 2 microg/mL and control, respectively; SE = 2.7) SI. At concentrations of .2 and 2 microg/mL, swainsonine inhibited (P<.001; SI of 351, 310, and 464 for .2, 2, and 0 microg/mL, respectively; SE = 27.1) bovine PBL proliferative response to PHA-P. Swainsonine had a mitogenic effect on unstimulated ovine PBL at .2 and 2 microg/mL (P<.05; SI of 118, 113, and 100 for .2 and 2 microg/mL and control, respectively; SE = 4.4). Swainsonine inhibited ovine proliferative responses to PHA-P at .2 and 2 microg/mL (P<.005; SI of 190, 178, and 228 for .2, 2, and 0 microg/mL, respectively; SE = 9.4) and to PHA-M at .002 and 2 microg/mL (P<.03; SI of 165, 167, and 192 for .002, 2, and 0 microg/mL, respectively; SE = 7.9). The opposing responses of unstimulated ovine (mitogenic) and bovine (antiproliferative) PBL to swainsonine indicates a differential species response. Swainsonine suppression of PHA-P-induced proliferation would indicate a negative effect on ovine and bovine T-cell function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Range Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003, USA.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Strickland
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D003208:Concanavalin A; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D011043:Pokeweed Mitogens; D012756:Sheep / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D017026:Swainsonine / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D011043:Pokeweed Mitogens; C047876:phytohemagglutinin-M; C028784:phytohemagglutinin-P; D003208:Concanavalin A; D017026:Swainsonine