title: Genotype phenotype correlation in achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia.
abstract: Recent studies of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene have established that achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia are allelic disorders of different mutations. To determine whether the genotype could be distinguished on the basis of the phenotype, we analysed height, arm span, and skeletal radiographs from 23 patients with achondroplasia and the G380R mutation of FGFR3 and eight with hypochondroplasia and the N540K mutation. Both conditions share the classical pathological features of micromelic short stature, reduced or unchanged interpedicular distances in the lumbar spine, disproportionately long fibulae, and squared and shortened pelvic ilia. These were significantly more severe in the G380R patients than in the N540K patients. Our findings have shown a firm statistical correlation between the genotype and the phenotype, although there were a few exceptional cases in which there was phenotypic overlap between the two conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Medical Centre and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsumaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochi
mesh_terms: D000130:Achondroplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D010009:Osteochondrodysplasias / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011859:Radiography; D051498:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; C496365:FGFR3 protein, human; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051498:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3