title: Interferon induction in turkeys by oral administration of the imidazoquinolinamine S-28828 and modulation of the pathogenesis of Escherichia coli.
abstract: A synthetic imidazoquinolinamine, S-28828, has been shown to be an effective antiviral and antitumor agent in mammals. This immune modifier induces a number of cytokines such as interferons, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors in mammals. We showed that when turkeys were given S-28828 orally, high serum titers of IFN were induced in a dose-dependent manner. Turkeys, once stimulated by S-28828, became refractory to IFN production by repeated stimulation. S-28828 induced spleen, bone marrow and peripheral leukocytes to produce IFN in vitro. Splenic adherent cells were the main producers of IFN after in vitro stimulation. S-28828-induced IFN was identified as type I IFN that was pH-resistant but heat-labile. We examined the effect of a high dose (100 mg kg(-1) body weight) of S-28828 on the pathogenesis of E. coli in turkeys. Treatment with S-28828 increased mortality in infected birds and impaired E. coli clearance from the liver. The enhancement of the pathogenicity of E. coli by S-28828 may have been due to the massive release of cytokines inducing a shock-like syndrome in infected turkeys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rautenschlein
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D007370:Interferon Type I; C105792:S 28828