title: Vitamin E and A deficiencies in children correlate with Chernobyl radiation loads of their mothers.
abstract: Essential lipid bioantioxidants (BAO) (vitamins E and A) and catabolic products of the lipoperoxide cascade (LPC) (diene conjugates, ketodienes, and carbonyls) were determined in blood plasma of children aged 11 days to three years (n = 123) who are residents of regions contaminated with radionuclides (5-40 Ci/km2 of 137Cs) discharged during the Chernobyl power plant accident. Individual antenatal radiation loads Da of children and total radiation doses of their mothers Dm were also determined as external gamma-radiation loads, which correlate with internal radiation doses for permanent residents of contaminated regions. Before examination, therapy with multivitamins containing BAO determined in this work was administered to groups of pregnant women and their children (group I, n = 48) age-matched to a group that received no therapy (group II, n = 99). In group II, reduced concentrations of vitamins E and A decreased to levels indicating severe vitamin deficiency and displayed inverse correlations with Dm and Da. However, in group I these decreases and inverse correlation were only characteristic of initially normal levels of tocopherol. In group II, increases in Dm and Da caused stress-related increases in blood levels of diene conjugates and ketodienes (which was stronger than in group I with increases in Da) and, because of this, E and A vitamin deficiencies. In group I, LPC levels inversely correlated with Dm. We found nine significant correlations of radioloads of mothers with BAO and LPC pathologies of their children. The total pathogenic effectiveness of Dm in relation to LPC and BAO of children is comparable to the effectiveness of Da, which is the most hazardous radiation load. The possibility of existence of a radiation-induced protective response mobilizing BAO from depots into the blood stream is considered. BAO therapy increased the radiation resistance of children. A hypothesis was formulated that the uptake by children of their mother's radioactive Chernobyl isotopes in amounts adequate to their radiation loads is the mechanism of correlations of Dm with long-term pathogenic effects on BAO and LPC systems of children.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117977, Russia. chembio@glas.apc.org
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Neyfakh
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Alimbekova
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Ivanenko
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000528:radiation effects; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D011247:Pregnancy; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D018788:Radioactive Hazard Release; D014455:Ukraine; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014802:Vitamin A Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014811:Vitamin E Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E