title: Oxysterols, but not cholesterol, inhibit human immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro.
abstract: Oxysterols, oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol selected for their cytostatic activity and their inhibitory effect on cholesterol synthesis, have been investigated for their anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity in vitro. The three oxysterols tested, 7 beta-hydroxycholesterol (7 beta-OHC), 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC) and 7 beta, 25-dihydroxycholesterol (7,25-OHC), inhibit viral replication at micromolar concentrations. The selectivity indexes for 7 beta-OHC and 25-OHC are quite modest (2 to 8) but reproducible; the dihydroxycholesterol 7,25-OHC exhibited antiviral properties at concentrations 13- to 25-fold lower than the highest concentration tested at which no toxicity was measurable. Oxysterols are naturally occurring compounds, and we speculate on their physiological relevance in HIV-infected individuals.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U74, Institut de Virologie, Strasbourg, France. c.moog@viro-ulp.u-strasbg.fr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moog
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Aubertin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirn
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luu
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006888:Hydroxycholesterols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D011533:Proviruses / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006888:Hydroxycholesterols; C057657:7,25-dihydroxycholesterol; C011724:cholest-5-en-3 beta,7 alpha-diol; C007997:25-hydroxycholesterol; D002784:Cholesterol