title: Attitudes of Kuwaiti parents toward physical punishment of children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The major aim was to describe parental attitudes to physical punishments and examine their sociodemographic correlates. A related aim was to assess the association of parents' own experience of physical punishment with attitudes to punishment of children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the second week of December, 1996 in five general clinics covering the major administrative areas of Kuwait: 337 Kuwaiti mothers and fathers with at least one living child were contacted; 95% were successfully interviewed using a structured questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-six percent of parents agreed with physical punishment as a means of child disciplining. Agreement with punishment was higher in case of serious misbehaviors such as stealing (63%), sniffing glue and using drugs (77%). Multiple regression results showed that parent's lower level of education and Bedouin ethnicity were positively associated with agreement on physical punishment. Larger percentages of parents who had experienced physical punishments themselves agreed with such punishment to discipline their children, but this was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In recent years education has become widespread for both sexes. An inverse association between educational level and agreement on physical beating suggest that attitudes to this form of child disciplining are changing. Those with a Bedouin ethnic background still adhere more strictly to the traditional forms of child disciplining including physical beating. There is a need for conducting research on the possible negative psychosocial impacts of physical punishment in view of findings from other countries.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Qasem
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kazem
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018912:Arabs / Q000523:psychology; D001290:Attitude; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse; D002668:Child Rearing / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007730:Kuwait; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011678:Punishment / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires