title: Amyloid goiter due to primary systemic amyloidosis: a diagnostic challenge.
abstract: We describe a euthyroid patient who presented with a goiter that continued to enlarge despite levothyroxine administration. Three fine-needle aspirations for cytology were nondiagnostic. An open biopsy was complicated by bleeding from the surgical site. Primary systemic amyloidosis was diagnosed on the basis of the goiter histology, bone marrow aspirate, and urine immunoelectrophoresis. The patient received melphalan and steroid treatment and survived for an additional 16 months. This period was complicated by congestive heart failure, generalized seizures, and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Our case illustrates the difficulties in making the diagnosis and in treatment of primary systemic amyloidosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Plehn
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Kinlaw
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006042:Goiter / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008558:Melphalan / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D011239:Prednisolone; D008558:Melphalan; D013974:Thyroxine