title: Redox regulation of wound healing? NF-kappaB activation in cultured human keratinocytes upon wounding and the effect of low energy HeNe irradiation.
abstract: The complex process of wound healing as well as the signaling systems orchestrating this intricate process remain incompletely defined. Using human keratinocytes in primary culture, we sought to characterize their NF-kappaB responses to wounding alone or in combination with other treatments. We initially characterized these cultured human keratinocytes responses to known NF-kappaB activators (PMA, TNF-alpha and IL-1) using two different assays, immunohistochemistry and electrophoretic mobility shift (EMSA). After eliciting the expected NF-kappaB responses, we applied these same assays to assess responses to either wounding or HeNe irradiation alone. The results obtained indicated that only a modest/sporadic activation of NF-kappaB was elicited by these which was only detectable using immunohistochemistry. When the combination of wounding and HeNe irradiation on NF-kappaB status was assessed, a marked, localized activation of NF-kappaB in keratinocytes along the wound edge was found. Treatment induced NF-kappaB activation (e.g., wounding, HeNe irradiation and combined wounding and HeNe irradiation) was abrogated by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) which inhibits NF-kappaB activation through an as yet incompletely understood (antioxidant?) mechanism. These data therefore suggest that NF-kappaB and oxidation mediated changes in its activation state likely play important roles in normal cutaneous wound healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of California School of Medicine, Davis, USA.
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Iwahashi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Halliwell
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D007834:Lasers; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000235:genetics; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C020972:pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate