Determination of endosulfan and its metabolites in human urine using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
A method was developed for determining the occupational exposure to endosulfan and its main metabolites (endosulfanether, -lactone and -sulfate) in human urine using dieldrin as an internal standard. Solid phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS-MS) have been used due to their high sensitivity and selectivity in avoiding most matrix interferences. The recovery efficiencies of the tested compounds yielded more than 89.2% at the fortification level of 10 ng ml(-1) in urine and their relative standard deviations were between 9.1 and 12.8%. The detection limit of each compound ranged between 6 and 18 pg ml(-1). Urine samples from nine pest control operators were analysed and total endosulfan concentrations between 94 and 2038 pg ml(-1) were found.
Martínez Vidal
J L
JL
Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Almería, Spain.
Arrebola
F J
FJ
Fernández-Gutiérrez
A
A
Rams
M A
MA
D002138:Calibration; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000652:urine*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D007306:Insecticides / Q000652:urine*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D007306:Insecticides; D004726:Endosulfan