title: Telomerase activity in the differentiation of benign and malignant adrenal tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Telomerase is an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase that extends the ends of chromosomes by synthesizing the 6 oligonucleotide repeat TTAGGG and thus serves as a marker for cellular immortality. Although absent in most adult somatic tissues, telomerase activity is present in stem cells and is reactivated in nearly all primary human malignancies. In this study we sought to determine whether tumors of the adrenal glands contain telomerase activity and whether telomerase activity can be used to differentiate benign and malignant tumors of the adrenal glands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue was obtained from 23 specimens at adrenalectomy. Adjacent normal adrenal tissue was obtained for control. All specimens were rapidly frozen and stored at -80 degrees C until assay. Telomerase activity was determined by the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Telomerase activity was present in 5 of 23 (22%) of the adrenal tumors. All 3 malignant tumors were strongly TRAP positive. There was a single cortical adenoma that had very weak telomerase activity. The single TRAP-positive tumor of the adrenal medulla was a ganglioneuroma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Benign adrenal tumors infrequently contain telomerase activity, whereas telomerase reactivation appears to be common in malignant tumors of the adrenal glands. These data suggest that determination of telomerase activity may offer a novel way to facilitate the differentiation of benign and malignant adrenal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malchoff
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Fahey
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019098:Telomerase / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019098:Telomerase