title: Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy after a subureteric injection for vesicoureteric reflux.
abstract: A 6 year old boy developed hyperammonaemic encephalopathy following a subureteric injection for treatment of vesicoureteric reflux. The hyperammonaemia may be explained by a postoperative urinary tract infection with a urea splitting organism, leading to raised urine ammonia that was absorbed easily across a dilated urinary tract. Agitation and alteration in consciousness level following a urological procedure, in a child with a dilated urinary tract, may be signs of a treatable hyperammonaemic encephalopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zuberi
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Stephenson
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Azmy
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: McWilliam
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D003128:Coma / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000641:Ammonia