title: [Cholestasis: interventional therapy].
abstract: Treatment of cholestasis by bile duct obstruction is nowadays dominated by endoscopy and other interventional measures. Intraductal concrements can be removed almost always without open surgery. This is as a rule achieved by a transpapillary approach with the additional use of lithothripsy. Percutaneous transhepatic treatment of concrements is restricted to patients in which a transpapillary approach is impossible. Stenoses of biliary ducts by malignancies are treated with plastic or metallic endoprosthesis if curative resection is precluded. Percutaneous drainage is a valid option in reserve. Stenosis of the papilla by scars, tumors or sphincter dysfunction are mainly treated endoscopically, malignancies--if possible--by radical surgery. Rare causes for obstruction have also to be considered. They are in most instances amenable to interventional procedures.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik II, Dr.-Horst-Schmidt-Kliniken, Wiesbaden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ell
mesh_terms: D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D001651:Cholestasis, Extrahepatic / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004724:Endoscopy; D042882:Gallstones / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic; D015607:Stents
vernacular_title: Cholestase: Interventionelle Therapie.