title: PCR-ELISA for the detection of Brugia malayi infection using finger-prick blood.
abstract: A polymerase chain reaction assay based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA) has been developed to detect Brugia malayi infection in an area of low endemicity in Malaysia. Blood samples from 239 subjects were tested: 192 amicrofilaraemic individuals, 14 microfilaraemic persons and 3 chronic elephantiasis cases from endemic areas and 30 city-dwellers (non-endemic controls). PCR products were examined by ELISA and Southern hybridization. In the PCR-ELISA, digoxigenin-labelled PCR products were hybridized to a biotin-labelled probe. This was followed by incubation in streptavidin-coated microtitre wells and detection using anti-digoxigenin-peroxidase and ABTS [2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)]. All microfilaraemic samples were positive by PCR-ELISA and Southern hybridization and all samples from non-endemic subjects and chronic elephantiasis patients were negative. The PCR-ELISA detected 12 times as many B. malayi infections as did thick blood film examination. Nineteen of the 194 samples from the endemic area gave positive results by both PCR-ELISA and Southern hybridization, and an additional 5 samples were positive by PCR-ELISA only. The PCR-ELISA was specific and sensitive, detected more infections, and was more reproducible than Southern hybridization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. rahmah@kb.usm.my
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rahmah
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Ashikin
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Anuar
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ariff
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D017178:Brugia malayi / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004605:Elephantiasis, Filarial / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*