title: Prevalence changes in modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors in three Missouri regions, 1990-1996.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence and prevalence trend of modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among African Americans and whites/others from 1990-1996. We also examined differential changes between African Americans and whites/others during the same time period.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study used data from two special Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) based surveys in 1990 (N = 3,000+) and one in 1996 (N = 2,095) that targeted two metropolitan and one rural region in Missouri with substantial minority populations. Risk factors included physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, unmonitored cholesterol and smoking. The percent change in prevalence estimates and corresponding confidence intervals between survey years were calculated for each of the above risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared with Missouri BRFSS data, overall prevalence of smoking, obesity, hypertension and unmonitored cholesterol was higher in the three-region study population than the state as a whole. African-American males did not experience any statistically significant reductions in CVD risk factor prevalence rates between 1990 and 1996, while the increase in obesity was driven mostly by the African-American female subgroup. The least amount of reduction in CVD risk factors was seen in individuals aged 55 or older, with a high school education or less and/or without health insurance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals of African-American ethnicity, aged 55 or older, with a high school education or less and/or without health insurance need to be the focus of future public health initiatives designed to reduce the prevalence of CVD risk factors.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Simoes
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Waterman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jackson-Thompson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murayi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008923:Missouri / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*