title: Brief communication: twentieth-century replication of an Egyptian mummy: implications for paleopathology.
abstract: Replication in a modern human cadaver of ancient Egyptian mummification focused on tools used by ancient Egyptian embalmers, the use of natron (a mixture of sodium carbonate, bicarbonate, and chloride) in the preparation of the mummy, surgical procedures in the removal of the viscera and brain, and histologic examination of the viscera. The first three areas have been reported separately (Brier and Wade [1997] ZAS 124:89-100). In this paper, we demonstrate a degree of histologic preservation comparable to that seen in Egyptian mummies, indicating the effectiveness of ancient mummification and that the histologic appearance of such mummies is little altered by the passage of millennia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA. mzimmerman@maimonidesmed.org
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brier
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Wade
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002102:Cadaver; D000076144:Egypt, Ancient; D004615:Embalming / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000266:history / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009106:Mummies; D010164:Paleopathology; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000266:history / Q000473:pathology