title: The distribution of HBV, HCV and HGV among livers with fulminant hepatic failure of different aetiology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess the impact factor of HCV and HGV in fulminant hepatic failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 5'-untranslated regions of HCV RNA and HGV RNA and a segment of the core antigen sequence of HBV were amplified after extracting the nucleic acids from snap-frozen tissue aliquots from explanted livers of 26 consecutive patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure preoperatively diagnosed as either autoimmune (n=2), HAV/HBV (n=8), toxic (n=4) or aetiologically unknown (n=12).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HCV RNA was detected in five of 26 (19.2%) livers with fulminant hepatic failure. All five HCV RNA-positive livers belonged to the group of non-toxic, non-autoimmune liver failure (n=20), three of them were found in the group of liver failure with unknown aetiology (n=12) and two in the group of HBV-associated liver failure (n=7), making an HCV incidence of 25%, 25% and 28.6%, in the different groups, respectively. HGV RNA was detected in 10 of 17 (58.8%) explants and in all four groups of fulminant hepatic failure as defined preoperatively. HBV DNA was identified in six livers of 26 patients (23.1%) with fulminant hepatic failure. Neither HCV RNA nor HBV DNA was detected in the livers of patients with toxic or autoimmune fulminant hepatic failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that HBV and HCV, but not HGV, play an aetiologic role in fulminant hepatic failure. HCV-positive cases were concentrated either in the group of otherwise unexplained fulminant hepatic failure or in the group of HBV fulminant hepatic failure. HGV-positive cases, on the other hand, were found within all four preoperatively defined groups, indicating a role as cofactor rather than as single aetiologic agent.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sergi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jundt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seipp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goeser
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Theilmann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hofmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D018067:Flaviviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000601:surgery / Q000821:virology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000821:virology; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests