title: Loading of intact rabbit erythrocytes with fluorophores and the enzyme pronase by means of electroporation.
abstract: The application of electric field pulses in cell suspensions is known to alter membrane integrity, resulting in increased membrane permeabilization. This field-induced membrane poration provides the means to load cells with a variety of external substances, useful for clinical applications. In this work, intact rabbit erythrocytes were successfully loaded with low molecular weight fluorescent probes and with the high molecular weight enzyme pronase, which has been shown to mimic the effects of insulin. Attachment of the enzyme onto the cell surface was also achieved by modifying the applied pulse parameters. Both applications were efficient and accompanied by high cell survival rates. In this way, biological carriers loaded with active substances were produced, offering the potentials for useful clinical applications, either for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computers Eng., National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Greece. mhari@biomed.ntua.gr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haritou
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yova
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koutsouris
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loukas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D018274:Electroporation; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000032:analysis; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011402:Pronase / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D011402:Pronase; C007740:fluorexon