title: Improvement of exercise capacity by sarpogrelate as a result of augmented collateral circulation in patients with effort angina.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a serotonin blocker, sarpogrelate, improves exercise capacity as a result of vasodilation of coronary collateral channels in patients with effort angina.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Serotonin has been reported to decrease coronary collateral blood flow by collateral vasoconstriction in a canine model, suggesting that platelet activation in feeding coronary arteries of the collateral network has the potential to cause collateral vasoconstriction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects consisted of 22 patients with effort angina and reproducible ischemic threshold (group A, 11 patients with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade 2 or 3 flow of the ischemia-related coronary artery and Rentrop's collateral index 0 or 1; group B, 11 patients with TIMI grade 0 or 1 flow and Rentrop's collateral index 2 or 3). We repeated the symptom-limited treadmill exercise test using the Balke-Ware protocol and exercise tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with and without pretreatment with 200 mg orally administered sarpogrelate. Each exercise test was performed at 9:00 a.m. on different days. The order of tests with and without sarpogrelate was randomized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group A, sarpogrelate increased neither exercise time at 0.1 mV ST depression nor double product at 0.1 mV ST depression. In contrast, in group B sarpogrelate increased the exercise duration at 0.1 mV ST depression from 181+/-112 (SD) to 248+/-131 s (p < 0.05) and also increased the double product at 0.1 mV ST depression by 21% (p < 0.01). The severity score using myocardial perfusion scintigraphy at the same workload was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased by 37% in group B, but not in group A (11%), due to the sarpogrelate treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sarpogrelate augments flow reserve of the collateral circulation and improves exercise capacity in anginal patients with well-developed collaterals. These findings indicate that a serotonin blocker, sarpogrelate, is useful not only as an antiplatelet drugs, but as an antianginal drug.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Takeda Hospital, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakae
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kihara
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nohara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasayama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003097:Collateral Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013386:Succinates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D013386:Succinates; C064294:sarpogrelate