title: Three-dimensional imaging of nerve tissue by x-ray phase-contrast microtomography.
abstract: We show that promising information about the three-dimensional (3D) structure of a peripheral nerve can be obtained by x-ray phase-contrast microtomography (p-microCT; Beckmann, F., U. Bonse, F. Busch, and O. Günnewig, 1997. J. Comp. Assist. Tomogr. 21:539-553). P-microCT measures electronic charge density, which for most substances is proportional to mass density in fairly good approximation. The true point-by-point variation of density is thus determined in 3D at presently 1 mg/cm3 standard error (SE). The intracranial part of the rat trigeminal nerve analyzed for the presence of early schwannoma "microtumors" displayed a detailed density structure on p-microCT density maps. The average density of brain and nerve tissue was measured to range from 0.990 to 0.994 g/cm3 and from 1.020 to 1.035 g/cm3, respectively. The brain-nerve interface was well delineated. Within the nerve tissue, a pattern of nerve fibers could be seen that followed the nerve axis and contrasted against the bulk by 7 to 10 mg/cm3 density modulation. Based on the fact that regions of tumor growth have an increased number density of cell nuclei, and hence of the higher z element phosphorus, it may become possible to detect very early neural "microtumors" through increases of average density on the order of 10 to 15 mg/cm3 by using this method.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physics, University of Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beckmann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heise
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kölsch
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bonse
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Rajewsky
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bartscher
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Biermann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea / Q000633:toxicity; D009442:Neurilemmoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010524:Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D051381:Rats; D014056:Tomography, X-Ray / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea