title: Defective T cell differentiation in the absence of Jnk1.
abstract: The c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway has been implicated in the immune response that is mediated by the activation and differentiation of CD4 helper T (TH) cells into TH1 and TH2 effector cells. JNK activity observed in wild-type activated TH cells was severely reduced in TH cells from Jnk1-/- mice. The Jnk1-/- T cells hyperproliferated, exhibited decreased activation-induced cell death, and preferentially differentiated to TH2 cells. The enhanced production of TH2 cytokines by Jnk1-/- cells was associated with increased nuclear accumulation of the transcription factor NFATc. Thus, the JNK1 signaling pathway plays a key role in T cell receptor-initiated TH cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Section of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wysk
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Whitmarsh
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Flavell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018390:Gene Targeting; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007378:Interleukins; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D006433:Hemocyanins; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin