title: Epidemiology of peptic ulcer disease in cirrhotic patients: role of Helicobacter pylori infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and epidemiological factors associated with the appearance of peptic ulcer in patients with cirrhosis and, in particular, the role of Helicobacter pylori infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 201 of 220 consecutive patients included in a prospective study that aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary intervention on cirrhotic complications and survival underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. At entry, an epidemiological and clinical questionnaire was completed and the presence of peptic ulcer disease or esophageal varices at endoscopy was prospectively collected. Sera were obtained and stored at -70 degrees C until analyzed, being tested afterward for Helicobacter pylori antibodies using a commercial ELISA kit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven of 201 patients had borderline anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG titers and were excluded from further analysis. In the remaining 190 patients, point prevalence of peptic ulcer was 10.5% and lifetime prevalence 24.7%. Multivariate analysis selected male sex (OR 2.3; 95%CI 1.09-4.89) and Helicobacter pylori seropositivity (OR: 1.7, 95%CI 1.02-2.81) as the variables independently related to peptic ulcer disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Male sex and seropositivity for Helicobacter pylori are the major risk factors for peptic ulcer in cirrhosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Consorci Hospitalari del Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Calvet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lafont
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sanfeliu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brullet
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dalmau
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rivero
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mas
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution