title: A review of 308 cases of revision stapedectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Identify causes of primary and revision stapedectomy failure in 308 patients, assess whether these are different based on source of initial surgery, and evaluate hearing results in revision stapedectomy to improve outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, nonrandomized chart review of patients undergoing revision stapedectomy in a referral otology practice in a large metropolitan region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intraoperative findings, preoperative and postoperative revision stapedectomy air and bone conduction pure-tone averages, speech discrimination scores, postoperative air-bone gaps, complications, and repeated revisions were noted in 308 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leading causes of primary stapedectomy failure included dislocated prosthesis (24.4%), inadequate prosthesis length (14%), long process resorption (14%), and fibrous adhesions (13.6%). Revision stapedectomy air-bone gaps were less than 10 dB in 80% and greater than 30 dB in 6.8% of cases. Increased sensorineural hearing loss occurred in 0.8% of revision stapedectomy cases. Five of seven cases of vertigo associated with primary stapedectomy resolved after revision surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Revision stapedectomy by experienced surgeons is highly effective in attaining successful air-bone gap closure in 80% and improved closure in 84.8% of operative cases. Risk of vertigo and/or sensorineural hearing loss was not any higher in this patient population when compared with reports of primary stapedectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016, USA.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Hammerschlag
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fishman
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Scheer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007831:Larynx, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013201:Stapes Surgery; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014717:Vertigo / Q000601:surgery