Synthesis and anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase activity of hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid flavon-3-yl esters.
A series of new hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid flavon-3-yl esters were synthesized in order to obtain compounds targeting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 integrase (IN). The esters were tested for anti-IN and anti-reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in enzyme assays and for anti-HIV-1, anti-proliferative and anti-topoisomerase activity in cell-based assays. In enzyme assays, the two gallic acid flavon-3-yl esters showed a notable IN inhibition (IC50 values were 8.3 and 9.1 microM, respectively), while the two caffeic acid flavon-3-yl esters exhibited a modest activity (IC50 75 and 60 microM, respectively). Replacement of hydroxyl groups resulted in loss of potency. Caffeic acid 3',4'-dichloroflavon-3-yl ester also inhibited the RT activity whereas it was not active on human topoisomerases. It therefore represents an interesting example of a compound specifically targeting more than one step of the virus replication cycle.
Desideri
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Dipartimento di Studi Farmaceutici, Università La Sapienza di Roma, Italy. desideri@axrma.uniroma1.it
Sestili
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Stein
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ML
Tramontano
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Corrias
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S
La Colla
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D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004951:Esterification; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019427:HIV Integrase / Q000187:drug effects*; D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D059005:Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D059005:Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; D019427:HIV Integrase; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase