title: Observations on the use of midazolam for sedation, and induction of anaesthesia with midazolam in combination with ketamine in the goat.
abstract: Midazolam hydrochloride administered intramuscularly at a dosage of 0.4 mg/kg induced sedation and sternal recumbency in goats. Increasing the dosage to 1 mg/kg resulted in rapid onset of ataxia followed by lateral recumbency, and loss of consciousness. Light surgical anaesthesia lasted for a period of 7-15 min and was suitable for non-painful procedures. Heart rate was significantly increased (p < 0.05) at both dosage rates, while respiration rate was only increased after midazolam at 0.4 mg/kg. The combination of midazolam (0.4 mg/kg) and ketamine hydrochloride (4 mg/kg) increased heart and respiration rate significantly (p < 0.05). A light plane of surgical anaesthesia suitable for endotracheal intubation was induced, which lasted for a period of 16-39 min.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Stegmann
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D006041:Goats / Q000601:surgery*; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007649:Ketamine; D008874:Midazolam