title: Congenital malignant rhabdoid tumor presenting as a cutaneous nodule: report of 2 cases with review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The congenital occurrence of malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is rare. Initial presentation of congenital MRT as a skin tumor is even more rare. We report 2 cases in which a cutaneous nodule appeared prior to the discovery of the primary tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histologic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical studies were performed on skin nodules from 2 neonates. Other congenital examples of MRT in the literature were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both neonates were male and both were fullterm. Skin nodules were noted at birth. The tumors were located on the right neck in case 1 and on the right back in case 2. The primary tumors were later found in the kidney and the right chest wall, respectively. The skin biopsy of the first case had been interpreted as undifferentiated sarcoma, and MRT was diagnosed after the renal tumor was examined. In the second case, a correct diagnosis was promptly made based on the skin biopsy owing to experience with the first case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Congenital MRT is very uncommon and may present as a skin tumor at birth. Since MRT exhibits various histologic patterns, the diagnosis should be made by a complete pathologic study with proper clinical correlation. To our knowledge, the unique mode of manifestation in these 2 cases is described for the first time. We suggest that MRT should be considered when making the differential diagnosis in such a clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Kwei San, Tao Yuan Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018335:Rhabdoid Tumor / Q000151:congenital* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D013899:Thoracic Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D014746:Vimentin