title: Improving cost and outcome of coronary surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There has been increasing interest in improving the outcome of coronary surgery while also seeking to minimize cost. It was the purpose of the present study to determine changes in the outcome and cost of CABG between 1988 and 1996.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The outcome and costs for 12,266 patients undergoing CABG were evaluated. Clinical data were gathered from the Emory Cardiovascular Database, and financial data were obtained from the UB92 formulation of the hospital bill. Charges were reduced to cost through the use of departmental cost-to-charge ratios. Costs were inflated to 1996 costs by using the medical care inflation rate. The patients became sicker, especially with increased incidences of hypertension, diabetes, and prior myocardial infarctions and a decrease in ejection fraction over the study period. Mortality rates tended to decrease from 4.7% to 2.7% (P = 0.07). After accounting for increasing indexes of severity of disease over the period, there was a significant decrease in death (OR, 0.90/y; P = 0.0001). Q-wave myocardial infarction rate fell from 4.1% to 1.3% (P < 0.0001). Mean hospital cost decreased from $22,689 to $15,987. Length of stay after surgery decreased from 9.2 to 5.9 days. After accounting for other variables, cost decreased by $1118 per year, and annual length of stay decreased by 0.55 day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The outcome of CABG continues to improve with declines in mortality rate and Q-wave myocardial infarction. This was accomplished while decreasing costs and length of stay. Whether these favorable trends will continue remains to be seen.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Health Policy and Management, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga., USA. bill@hp3.eushc.org
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Weintraub
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Craver
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gott
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deaton
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Culler
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Guyton
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000191:economics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000592:standards*; D003363:Cost Control; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D017721:Hospital Costs; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality; D016896:Treatment Outcome