title: Regulation of electrogenic anion secretion in normal and cystic fibrosis gallbladder mucosa.
abstract: Fluid and ion transport across biliary epithelium contributes to bile flow. Alterations of this function may explain hepatobiliary complications in cystic fibrosis (CF). We investigated electrogenic anion transport across intact non-CF and CF human gallbladder mucosa in Ussing-type chambers. In non-CF tissues, baseline transmural potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (Isc), and resistance (R) were -2.2 +/- 0.3 mV (lumen negative), 40.7 +/- 7.8 microA/cm2, and 66.5 +/- 9.6 Omega. cm2, respectively (n = 14). The addition of forskolin (10(-5) mol/L) to the apical and basolateral baths and that of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) (10(-4) mol/L) to the apical bath induced significant increases in Isc by 8.0 +/- 1.4 and 10.3 +/- 1.8 microA/cm2, respectively. Depletion of bathing solutions in Cl- and HCO3- significantly reduced baseline Isc and the forskolin- and ATP-induced increases in Isc. Anion secretion was stimulated by extracellular ATP via P2Y2 purinoceptors, as indicated by the effects of different nucleotides on Isc and on 36Cl efflux in cultured gallbladder epithelial cells. This effect was mediated by cytosolic calcium increase and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, as ascertained by using inhibitors. In CF preparations, basal PD and Isc were lower than in non-CF, and the response to forskolin was abolished, whereas the response to ATP was enhanced (P <.05 for all). We conclude that electrogenic anion secretion occurs in human gallbladder mucosa under basal state and is stimulated by an adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent pathway mediated by cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and by exogenous ATP via a CFTR-independent pathway that is up-regulated in CF and involves P2Y2 purinoceptors and a calcium-dependent pathway.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie des Epithéliums Respiratoires, Université Paris V René Descartes, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Boulogne, France.thchinet@club-internet.fr
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chinet
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fouassier
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dray-Charier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imam-Ghali
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mergey
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dousset
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parc
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Housset
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000502:physiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000838:Anions / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator / Q000378:metabolism; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000378:metabolism; D058473:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; C505032:CFTR protein, human; D018118:Chloride Channels; C546385:P2RY2 protein, human; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058473:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2; D019005:Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP