title: Rimantadine for treatment of hepatitis C infection in liver transplant recipients.
abstract: Hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation is a serious problem, leading to increased graft loss and morbidity in some individuals. Treatment with interferon and other agents is controversial and not highly efficacious. The use of an effective antiviral agent to reduce or eliminate viral burden is desirable. To this end, we performed an open-label pilot trial to determine if rimantadine would show antiviral activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the posttransplantation setting. Eleven patients with recurrent post-liver transplantation disease, characterized by transaminase level abnormality and HCV RNA in serum and liver biopsy specimens consistent with HCV infection were offered enrollment onto the study. Patients were treated for 12 weeks with rimantadine, 100 mg orally twice daily, and followed up after treatment for up to 8 additional weeks. Serum was collected at 2-week intervals to assess transaminase and HCV RNA levels. Nine patients completed the planned course of therapy. There was no significant change in serum alanine aminotransferase levels during treatment. No patients cleared HCV RNA from the serum, and fluctuations in the viral titer were not clearly associated with the initiation and completion of the active-treatment phase. Rimantadine was well tolerated, with only one patient who stopped therapy for perceived side effects. We conclude that rimantadine monotherapy has no role in the management of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sickler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aranda-Michel
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Whiting
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hanto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D012008:Recurrence; D012299:Rimantadine / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012299:Rimantadine