title: Characteristics of harringtonine-resistant human leukemia HL60 cell.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the mechanisms of the resistance to harringtonine (Har) in the HL60 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Growth inhibition, karyotype analysis, flow cytometry, Western blotting and polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Har-resistant HL60 cell line, named HR20, showed cross resistance to homoharringtonine, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, vincristine, and colchicine. The growth doubling time and the cell numbers in G1 phase were increased. The accumulation of cellular daunorubicin in the resistant cells was obviously reduced, but distinctly increased by tetrandrine and verapamil. The numbers of telocentromeric chromosome increased and the chromosomal aberration more occured in the resistant cells. The resistant cells overexpressed multidrug resistant mdr-1 gene and P-glycoprotein 150 kDa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Har-resistant HL60 cell strain belonged to a multidrug resistance strain, overexpressing mdr-1 gene and P-glycoprotein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Beijing Normal University, China.
authors.forename: Q Y
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: H Q
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D015870:Gene Expression; D019450:Genes, MDR; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006248:Harringtonines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D006248:Harringtonines