title: Prolonged seizure suppression by a single implantable polymeric-TRH microdisk preparation.
abstract: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH; Protirelin) is an endogenous neuropeptide known to have anticonvulsant effects in several seizure models and in intractable epileptic patients. Like most neuropeptides, its duration of action may be limited by a lack of sustained site-specific bioavailability. To attempt to provide long-term delivery, we attached TRH to a biodegradable polyanhydride copolymer as a sustained-release carrier. Utilizing the rat kindling model of temporal lobe epilepsy, a single TRH microdisk implanted stereotaxically into the seizure focus (amygdala) significantly suppressed kindling expression when assessed by the number of stimulations required to reach each behavioral stage and to become fully kindled (8.63 +/- 0.92 vs. 16.17 +/- 1.37; Mean +/- S.E.M.). Two indices of seizure severity, afterdischarge duration (Mean +/- S.E.M., sec.) (stimulated amygdala [87.40 +/- 5.47 vs. 51.80 +/- 15.65] and unstimulated amygdala [89.60 +/- 5.55 vs. 48.67 +/- 15.8] and clonus duration (71.2 +/- 5.94 vs. 29.40 +/- 8.87; Mean +/- S.E.M., sec.), were also significantly reduced by a single polymeric-TRH implant. Fifty days after initiation of the study a significant reduction in clonus duration (53.90 +/- 3.27 vs. 40.09 +/- 4.14) still remained in the TRH-implanted groups. This report is the first to provide evidence in support of in situ microdisk pharmacotherapy for potential neuropeptide delivery in intractable epilepsy and possibly other neurological disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5120, USA. kubek@anatomy.iupui.edu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kubek
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Byrd
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Domb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000188:drug therapy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone