title: Staging of colorectal cancer: biology vs. morphology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An accurate determination of the extent or staging of a disease is critical, because it provides the basis for making therapeutic decisions. Staging is a collaborative effort by the surgeon and the pathologist. Radioimmunoguided surgery has been evaluated for its ability to help surgeons determine the extent of disease during surgery, when management decisions have the most impact on patient care. This study was done to compare radioimmunoguided surgery "biostaging" with traditional pathologic staging (TNM) as predictors of survival in patients undergoing curative resections for colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven patients with colorectal cancer were prospectively enrolled in radioimmunoguided surgery protocols. Evaluation of follow-up survival data was performed. All patients underwent exploratory laparotomy and radioimmunoguided surgery with resection of their primary colorectal tumor. Survival data were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 97 patients enrolled in the study, 59 were evaluable and completely resectable by radioimmunoguided surgery. Mean follow-up was 62 months, with a range of 34 to 89 months. By traditional staging 13 patients were pStage I, 18 patients were pStage II, and 28 patients were pStage III. By radioimmunoguided surgery biostaging, 24 patients were radioimmunoguided surgery-negative whereas 35 patients were radioimmunoguided surgery-positive. Survival rates by pathologic stage approached a significant difference, but did not, as of the conclusion of the study period, reach it (P = 0.12). Survival rates based on radioimmunoguided surgery status demonstrated a highly significant difference (P = 0.0002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radioimmunoguided surgery biostaging provides new information intraoperatively on cancer staging that has not been available before. This may lead to new strategies for therapy that can be individualized and optimized for each patient with cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, USA.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hitchcock
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barberá-Guillem
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nieroda
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016719:Radioimmunodetection / Q000379:methods; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000379:methods; D016019:Survival Analysis