title: Effect of preoperative radiological treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplantation: a retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the results of radiological treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) performed before orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two transplanted patients with a total of 89 HCC nodules were studied; 50 lesions in 38 patients had been treated prior to OLT with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE; n = 29), percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI; n = 10), or combined therapy (TACE + PEI; n = 11). The induced necrosis was pathologically evaluated. The recurrence rate after OLT in the treated group of patients (n = 38) was compared with that in the non-treated group (n = 24).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After TACE, necrosis was complete in 7 of 29 lesions (24.1%), partial in 11 of 29 (37.9%), and absent in 11 of 29 (37.9%). After PEI, necrosis was complete in 8 of 10 lesions (80%), and partial in 2 of 10 (20%). Using combined therapy, necrosis was complete in 11 of 11 lesions (100%). Four of 24 untreated and 4 of 38 treated patients did not survive OLT from causes not related to the HCC; 3 of 20 non-treated patients (15%) and 4 of 34 treated patients (11.8%) had post-OLT recurrence (these last four patients had undergone only TACE and did not have tumor necrosis at pathological examination).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TACE of HCC prior to OLT had no influence on the recurrence rate. PEI and combined therapy (TACE + PEI) may be recommended in patients awaiting OLT.
authors.affiliation: Section of Radiological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veltri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grosso
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Martina
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciancio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salizzoni
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Soldano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fava
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome