title: Inhibitory effects of novel nucleoside and nucleotide analogues on Epstein-Barr virus replication.
abstract: The anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) activity of different classes of compounds was assessed by means of an EBV DNA hybridization assay using a digoxigenin-labelled probe specific for the BamHI W fragment of the EBV genome, as well as by measuring viral capsid antigen (VCA) expression after a 7 day incubation period of P3HR-1 producer cells with the test substances. Acyclovir, ganciclovir, cidofovir and zidovudine were included as reference compounds. Several compounds proved to be potent and selective inhibitors of EBV DNA synthesis and VCA expression. Of the new compounds that were evaluated for their anti-EBV activity, the highest efficacy (lowest EC50) and highest selectivity index (SI) were shown by the purine nucleoside analogue 2-amino-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]purine (S2242) (EC50 0.6 ng/ml; SI 600), the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues 9-(2-phosphono -methoxyethyl)-6-dimethylaminopurine (EC50 1.1 micrograms/ml; SI 91), 9-(2-phosphonomethoxyethyl)-2- amino-6-benzhydrylaminopurine (EC50 1.3 micrograms/ml; SI 29), 7-(2-phosphonomethoxyethyl)-6-dimethyl-aminopurine (EC50 0.8 microgram/ml; SI 56), 9-(R)-(2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)-6-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-aminopur ine (EC50 0.5 microgram/ml; SI 42), the 2',3'-dideoxythymidine derivative 3'-oximino-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (EC50 1.5 micrograms/ml; SI 65), and 1-(2,3- dideoxy-3-N-hydroxyamino-beta-D-threo-pentafuranyl)pentafuranos yl)thymine (EC50 4.1 micrograms/ml; SI > 24).
authors.affiliation: Institute for Antiviral Chemotherapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Erfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meerbach
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holý
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wutzler
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Clercq
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neyts
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000494:pharmacology; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D009705:Nucleosides; D009711:Nucleotides; D063065:Organophosphonates; D011687:Purines; C092709:S 2242; D015215:Zidovudine; D015774:Ganciclovir; D000212:Acyclovir