title: Antiemetic effects of sendide, a peptide tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist, in the ferret.
abstract: The antiemetic activity of sendide, a new peptide tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist, against cisplatin-induced emesis was investigated using ferrets. The frequency of cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced retching (104.6 +/- 14.3/6 h) and vomiting (19.0 +/- 3.0/6 h) was significantly reduced by pretreatment with sendide (3.0 mg/kg, s.c.) (14.0 +/- 8.1/6 h and 1.8 +/- 1.2/6 h, respectively). Intravenous bolus injection of substance P (1-10 microg/kg) or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (10-50 microg/kg) produced a dose-dependent increase in the abdominal afferent vagus nerve activity. The change from pre-injection level in the afferent nerve activity induced by substance P (1 microg/kg, i.v.) (453.7 +/- 51.5%) was significantly reduced by pretreatment with either sendide (100 microg/kg, i.v.) (276.1 +/- 50.1%, P < 0.05) or granisetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (1 mg/kg, i.v.) (146.3 +/- 14.0%, P < 0.01). The amount of 5-HT released into the solution during a 1-h exposure to 2-methyl-5-HT (10(-6) M), a 5-HT3 receptor agonist, was significantly increased (317.9 +/- 46.7%, P < 0.05) compared with that of the control tissues (160.4 +/- 8.1%). The 2-methyl-5-HT-induced 5-HT release was significantly inhibited by administration of sendide (10(-6) M) (174.0 +/- 21.6%, P < 0.05) or granisetron (10(-6) M) (186.6 +/- 27.3%, P < 0.05). Since sendide does not penetrate the central nervous system, these results suggest that the antiemetic effects of sendide are due to the inhibition of NK1 and 5-HT3 receptors on the emetic peripheral detector sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan. minami@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ihira
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirafuji
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamaue
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Monma
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakurada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tan-no
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kisara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity; D005289:Ferrets; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D018039:Receptors, Tachykinin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013373:Substance P / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D018039:Receptors, Tachykinin; D012701:Serotonin; D013373:Substance P; C032292:substance P (6-11); D002945:Cisplatin; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid