title: Inflammatory cytokines inhibit upregulation of glycolipid expression by Schwann cells in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether products of inflammatory cells can inhibit differentiation and synthesis of myelin glycolipids by Schwann cells.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Infiltration of the peripheral nervous system by inflammatory cells is a feature of acquired demyelinating neuropathies. It is not clear what role these cells have in causing demyelination or inhibiting myelin synthesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonmyelinating rat Schwann cells were incubated with 1) different concentrations of activated supernatants (AS) from mitogen-activated inflammatory cells; 2) 8-bromo cyclic adenosine monophosphate (8Br cAMP), known to induce Schwann cell differentiation and synthesis of glycolipids; 3) 8Br cAMP and varying concentrations of AS; 4) 8Br cAMP and cytosine arabinoside (Ara C), which inhibits Schwann cell proliferation; 5) 8Br cAMP, AS, and Ara C; or 6) additional medium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AS inhibits the capacity of cAMP to induce Schwann cell expression of myelin-associated glycolipids. Inhibition of glycolipid expression was independent of the capacity of these AS to induce Schwann cell proliferation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that inflammatory mediators are capable of inhibition of Schwann cell differentiation and synthesis of myelin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Lisak
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bealmear
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benjamins
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skoff
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006017:Glycolipids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D003561:Cytarabine; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP