title: The motivation for drug abuse treatment: testing cognitive and 12-step theories.
abstract: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate two models of behavior change: cognitive theory and 12-step theory. Research subjects were drawn from three separate, but parallel, samples of adults. The first sample consisted of out-of-treatment chronic drug users, the second consisted of drug users who had applied for treatment at a publicly funded multiple-provider drug treatment facility, and the third consisted of drug users who had applied for treatment at an intensive outpatient program for crack cocaine users. Cognitive theory was supported. Study participants applying for drug abuse treatment reported a higher level of perceived problem severity and a higher level of cognitive functioning than out-of-treatment drug users. Two hypotheses drawn from 12-step theory were not supported. Treatment applicants had more positive emotional functioning than out-of-treatment drug users, and one treatment-seeking sample had higher self-esteem.
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Systems Corporation, Houston, Texas 77027-6022, USA. ASC@Phoenix.Net
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: I D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Montoya
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dayton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016578:Crack Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D011582:Psychological Theory; D012649:Self Concept; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D016578:Crack Cocaine