title: Radiologic changes of the temporomandibular joint after condylar fractures in childhood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this investigation was to study the radiologic outcomes of pediatric condylar fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiographs of 37 patients with 45 condylar fractures that had been diagnosed at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The frequency and characteristics of incomplete remodeling at an average of 4.1 years after the injury were studied. The influence of age and fracture type on remodeling were considered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incomplete remodeling was observed after 56% of the fractures. The most frequent signs of incomplete remodeling were alteration in the configuration of the surface of the condylar head and deformation of the condylar neck. Incomplete remodeling was frequently (83%) related to fracture dislocation. For this fracture type the radiologic prognosis seems poor in all age groups. A difference in ramus height between the 2 sides was observed in 52% of the fractures, particularly frequently (80%) after fracture dislocation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiologic aberrations are frequent after pediatric condylar fractures. Dislocated fractures, in particular, need special attention and long-lasting clinical follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thorén
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hallikainen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lindqvist
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017759:Fractures, Malunited / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology