title: Regulation of the cell cycle by focal adhesion kinase.
abstract: In this report, we have analyzed the potential role and mechanisms of integrin signaling through FAK in cell cycle regulation by using tetracycline-regulated expression of exogenous FAK and mutants. We have found that overexpression of wild-type FAK accelerated G1 to S phase transition. Conversely, overexpression of a dominant-negative FAK mutant DeltaC14 inhibited cell cycle progression at G1 phase and this inhibition required the Y397 in DeltaC14. Biochemical analyses indicated that FAK mutant DeltaC14 was mislocalized and functioned as a dominant-negative mutant by competing with endogenous FAK in focal contacts for binding signaling molecules such as Src and Fyn, resulting in a decreases of Erk activation in cell adhesion. Consistent with this, we also observed inhibition of BrdU incorporation and Erk activation by FAK Y397F mutant and FRNK, but not FRNKDeltaC14, in transient transfection assays using primary human foreskin fibroblasts. Finally, we also found that DeltaC14 blocked cyclin D1 upregulation and induced p21 expression, while wild-type FAK increased cyclin D1 expression and decreased p21 expression. Taken together, these results have identified FAK and its associated signaling pathways as a mediator of the cell cycle regulation by integrins.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Laboratories, Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reiske
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guan
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005347:Fibroblasts; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D006801:Humans; D016023:Integrins / Q000502:physiology; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D017354:Point Mutation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; C493957:Cdkn1a protein, mouse; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D016023:Integrins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019938:Cyclin D1; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; C496051:Ptk2 protein, mouse; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D013752:Tetracycline