title: Role of the retrorubral nucleus in striatally elicited orofacial dyskinesia in cats: effects of muscimol and bicuculline.
abstract: Orofacial dyskinesia (OFD) is a disorder characterized by involuntary movements of the oral and facial muscles. OFD attacks can be elicited acutely in cats by local injections of dopaminergic agents into the anterodorsal part (r-CRM) of the caudate nucleus. Because the dopaminergic A8 cell group, being embedded in the retrorubral nucleus (RRN), gives rise to fibres which terminate in the r-CRM, two questions arose: (1) whether the A8 cell group forms part of the circuitry that directs and/or modulates OFD, and (2) whether GABA-ergic compounds in the RRN play a role in OFD, and if so, whether a pharmacological GABA-ergic intervention of the activity in the RRN modulates or mediates OFD. For this purpose, the activity of the RRN was manipulated with local injections of the GABA(A) agonist muscimol and antagonist bicuculline. These local injections into the RRN were subsequently combined with manipulations of dopamine transmission in the r-CRM with local injections of the selective DAi receptor agonist (3,4-dihydroxyphenylimino)-2-imidazoline. The present study shows that local injections of GABA-ergic compounds into the RRN do not elicit OFD attacks in cats, but can modulate oral behaviour elicited from the r-CRM. The latter effect is dose dependent and GABA-ergic specific.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychoneuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pathophysiology of the Nervous System, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Arts
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Bemelmans
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cools
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001640:Bicuculline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002415:Cats; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D048288:Imidazolines; D008297:Male; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000502:physiology*; D009118:Muscimol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000502:physiology; D014060:Tongue Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D048288:Imidazolines; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D009118:Muscimol; C011775:(3,4-dihydroxyphenylamino)-2-imidazoline; D001640:Bicuculline