title: Angiogenesis and apoptosis are cellular parameters of neoplastic progression in transgenic mouse models of tumorigenesis.
abstract: The epidemiology and histopathology of human cancers and studies of animal models of tumorigenesis have led to a widely-accepted notion that multiple genetic and epigenetic changes have to accrue for the successful development of a malignant phenotype. Tumor growth and expansion requires an ability not only to proliferate, but also to down-modulate cell death (apoptosis) and activate angiogenesis to produce a tumor neovasculature. This review will describe the interplay between apoptosis and proliferation, as well as the characteristics of the angiogenic phenotype in two transgenic mouse models of multi-step tumorigenesis, namely, pancreatic islet cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Hormone Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0534, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bergers
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hanahan
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Coussens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic