title: External clues to inner malformations.
abstract: A malformation is a morphological defect of an organ, or a larger region of the body resulting from an intrinsically abnormal developmental process. In this analysis of 1421 neonatal autopsies performed between 1984 and 1993, 243 (17.1%) cases showed malformations. The data was analysed to find external cues to internal malformations. Twenty three (85%) of the 27 neonates with various facial abnormalities had associated internal malformations in the form of cardiac (n = 11; 40%), renal (n = 7; 25%), or gastrointestinal (n = 3; 11%) abnormalities and diaphragmatic hernia (n = 2). Sixty seven neonates had neural abnormalities. These were associated with cardiac (n = 7; 10%), renal (n = 12; 18%) or gastrointestinal (n = 7; 10%) abnormalities; 43 cases, however, did not have any associated malformations. Renal malformations (n = 66) had highest association with skeletal abnormalities (n = 9; 22%). As many as 45(76%) of the 59 cases with cardiac abnormalities had no external anomalies. Five cases of hypoplastic lungs were seen, all associated with external malformations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vaiphei
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Vashishta
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Radotra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Banerjee
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000473:pathology*; D001344:Autopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies