title: Verapamil-sensitive left anterior fascicular ventricular tachycardia: results of radiofrequency ablation in six patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Verapamil-sensitive left ventricular tachycardia (VT) with a right bundle branch block (RBBB) configuration and left-axis deviation has been demonstrated to arise from the left posterior fascicle, and can be cured by catheter ablation guided by Purkinje potentials. Verapamil-sensitive VT with an RBBB configuration and right-axis deviation is rare, and may originate in the left anterior fascicle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients (five men and one woman, mean age 54+/-15 years) with a history of sustained VT with an RBBB configuration and right-axis deviation underwent electrophysiologic study and radiofrequency (RF) ablation. VT was slowed and terminated by intravenous administration of verapamil in all six patients. Left ventricular endocardial mapping during VT identified the earliest ventricular activation in the anterolateral wall of the left ventricle in all patients. RF current delivered to this site suppressed the VT in three patients (ablation at the VT exit). The fused Purkinje potential was recorded at that site, and preceded the QRS complex by 35, 30, and 20 msec, with pace mapping showing an optimal match between the paced rhythm and the clinical VT. In the remaining three patients, RF catheter ablation at the site of the earliest ventricular activation was unsuccessful. In these three patients, Purkinje potential was recorded in the diastolic phase during VT at the mid-anterior left ventricular septum. The Purkinje potential preceded the QRS during VT by 66, 56, and 63 msec, and catheter ablation at these sites was successful (ablation at the zone of slow conduction). During 19 to 46 months of follow-up (mean 32+/-9 months), one patient in the group of ablation at the VT exit had sustained VT with a left bundle branch block configuration and an inferior axis, and one patient in the group of ablation at the zone of slow conduction experienced typical idiopathic VT with an RBBB configuration and left-axis deviation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Verapamil-sensitive VT with an RBBB configuration and right-axis deviation originates close to the anterior fascicle. RF catheter ablation can be performed successfully from the VT exit site or the zone of slow conduction where the Purkinje potential was recorded in the diastolic phase.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Electrophysiology Laboratory, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan. akihiko-ind@umin.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nogami
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aonuma
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iesaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002037:Bundle-Branch Block / Q000150:complications; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011690:Purkinje Fibers / Q000503:physiopathology; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D014700:Verapamil