Pharmacists' liability into the year 2000.
OBJECTIVE
To educate the pharmacy community regarding areas of potential liability arising from the pharmacist's role in the changing health care delivery system.


METHODS
Published cases (LEXIS and Westlaw), literature (NEXIS and Westlaw), and abstracts available through July 1998. CASE SELECTION AND DATA ABSTRACTION: Selected on the basis of the authors' objectives and the usefulness of the information for practicing pharmacists.


RESULTS
As the pharmacist's role in the health care delivery system continues to change, so too does the pharmacist's exposure to liability. Although historically a pharmacist had no common law "duty to warn," new laws requiring a pharmacist to counsel patients, along with increased scrutiny by the media, have increased the pharmacist's potential for liability. An evaluation of recent case law indicates that state courts are increasingly willing to extend a pharmacist's duty to warn where the pharmacist has special knowledge of the patient or the patient's condition, contraindicated drug usage, where a prescription substantially exceeds the maximum safe dosage, or where a pharmacist fills or refills a prescription without physician authorization. A recent issue that may add to the list of potential liability concerns is the substitution of generically equivalent narrow therapeutic index drug products.


CONCLUSIONS
The pharmacist's role in the ever changing health care delivery system, along with the public's increased scrutiny of pharmacists' dispensing practices, may inevitably extend a pharmacist's duty to warn a patient of potential problems related to prescription drug products. This trend is expected to continue into the new millennium.
Lynn
N J
NJ
Health Law Department of Holleb & Coff, Chicago, Ill. 60603-5896, USA. nLynn@holleb-law.com
Ellis
J M
JM
D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007885:Legislation, Pharmacy; D016365:Liability, Legal; D010593:Pharmaceutical Services / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D014481:United States