title: Delayed visual NA potential in remitted schizophrenia: a new vulnerability marker for psychotic relapse under low-dose medication.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lasting cognitive dysfunction throughout remission has been regarded as a biological vulnerability in schizophrenia, which may produce psychotic relapses with characteristic symptoms. Our hypothesis was that an abnormality in event-related potentials (ERPs) may be a neurophysiological marker of vulnerability to psychotic relapse in remitted schizophrenia. We conducted a 2-year follow-up study after evaluating ERP abnormalities to find a new ERP marker for schizophrenic relapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visual ERPs were recorded from outpatients with remitted schizophrenia under maintenance pharmacotherapy (n = 44) and normal controls (n = 20) during a letter discrimination task. Based on the prospective study, the patients were divided into a relapse group (n = 20) and a nonrelapse group (n = 24). ERP findings that related to psychotic relapse within 2 years were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with controls, the relapsers showed ERP abnormalities in the NA, N2, and P3 components, and the nonrelapsers in the P3 component. The peak latency of the NA potential was delayed significantly in the relapse group relative to the nonrelapse group, and predicted a psychotic relapse with about 90% probability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The delayed NA, which reflects early perceptual disorganization, may be a promising neurophysiological predictor of psychotic relapse in remitted schizophrenia under maintenance pharmacotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Numachi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004585:Electrooculography; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012008:Recurrence; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers