title: Down-regulation of human FEN-1 gene expression during differentiation of promyelocytic leukemia cells.
abstract: Flap endo/exonuclease-1 (FEN-1) recognizes 5'-flap DNA structures that have been proposed to be important intermediates in DNA replication, repair and recombination, and cleaves the double strand-single strand junction of flap substrates. Using an in vitro model system, recent studies have shown that FEN-1 is a necessary enzyme for the removal of RNA primers in Okazaki fragment maturation during lagging strand DNA synthesis. In this report, the FEN-1 gene expression was examined during cell cycle and differentiation. Although FEN-1 mRNA and protein could be detected at all stages of the cell cycle, their levels were more elevated in exponentially proliferating cells than in G1 or G2/M-synchronized cells. Moreover, a significant increase of FEN-1 protein was observed when temporarily quiescent fibroblasts were induced to proliferate by serum stimulation. In contrast, the FEN-1 mRNA level showed a sharp decrease in HL-60 cells differentiated by dimethyl-sulfoxide, all-trans retinoic acid or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. These results demonstrate that the FEN-1 gene expression is up-regulated during entrance into the mitotic cell cycle and down-regulated in nongrowing cells, as in the case of differentiated promyelocytic leukemia cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Sciences Chemistry Section, Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ikim@cmc.cuk.ac.kr
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases / Q000235:genetics*; D045585:Flap Endonucleases; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; D045585:Flap Endonucleases; C468317:FEN1 protein, human; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide