title: [Botulinum toxin and facial wrinkles: a new injection procedure].
abstract: One of the limitations to the use of botulinum toxin is the risk of diffusion of its action to adjacent muscles. This study shows that this diffusion can be limited by increasing the toxin concentration, controlling the angle of the needle and limiting bleeding due to the injection by digital pressure and by the addition of adrenaline to the physiological saline used to dilute the toxin. A 0.5 ml syringe with integrated needle is used. As a result of these various elements, the zones of action of botulinum toxin are more precise and correspond to those of frontal endoscopy. Forehead wrinkles can therefore be reduced in combination with harmonious eyebrow elevation. The risks of ptosis are decreased, and problems related to muscle atrophy are minimized.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Louarn
mesh_terms: D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005143:Eyelids; D005152:Facial Muscles; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008046:Lip; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods; D015595:Skin Aging; D013594:Syringes
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins