title: NF-kappaB activity is induced by neural cell adhesion molecule binding to neurons and astrocytes.
abstract: The neural cell adhesion molecule, N-CAM, is expressed on the surface of astrocytes and neurons, and N-CAM homophilic binding has been shown to alter gene expression in both of these cell types. To determine mechanisms by which N-CAM regulates gene expression, we have analyzed DNA binding of and transcriptional activation by NF-kappaB after N-CAM binding to the cell surface. Addition of purified N-CAM, the recombinant third immunoglobulin domain of N-CAM, or N-CAM antibodies either to neonatal rat forebrain astrocytes or to cerebellar granule neurons increased NF-kappaB/DNA binding activity in nuclear extracts as measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Analysis using supershifting antibodies indicated that, in both cell types, p50 and p65 but not p52, c-Rel, or Rel B were contained in the NF-kappaB-binding complex. NF-kappaB-mediated transcription was increased after N-CAM binding to astrocytes and neurons as demonstrated by the activation of two different luciferase reporter constructs containing NF-kappaB-binding sites. N-CAM binding also resulted in degradation of IkappaB-alpha protein followed by an increase in the levels of IkappaB-alpha mRNA and protein. These results indicate that N-CAM homophilic binding at the cell membrane leads to increased NF-kappaB binding to DNA and transcriptional activation in both neurons and astrocytes. Activation of NF-kappaB, however, did not influence the previously reported ability of N-CAM to inhibit astrocyte proliferation. These observations together support the hypothesis that N-CAM binding activates multiple pathways leading to changes in gene expression in both astrocytes and neurons.
authors.affiliation: Neurosciences Institute, San Diego, California 92121, USA.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Krushel
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Edelman
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Crossin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002455:Cell Division; D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; C000606206:Nfkbia protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha