title: Total parenteral nutrition increases serum leptin concentration in hospitalized, undernourished patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The hormone leptin has putative roles in both body weight homeostasis (chronic) and satiety (acute). To determine if this dual regulation is observed in hospitalized, undernourished patients, serum leptin concentration was measured before and during total parenteral nutrition (TPN) infusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six consecutive patients were considered undernourished, as assessed by an independent multidisciplinary nutrition team, and TPN was prescribed at an initial rate of between 5023.2 and 7333.2 kJ in the first 24 hours. Serum leptin, insulin, and glucose were measured before the infusion and at 3 and 22 hours after initiation of TPN.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline serum leptin concentrations correlated well with the patient's body mass index (BMI; r2 = .85, p<.05). Three hours of TPN infusion produced only modest changes in circulating leptin. However, after 22 hours, leptin concentrations increased by 1.8+/-0.5-fold (p<.05), and this increase was independent of any change in body weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Basal leptin concentrations correlate well with BMI. TPN induces a rise in leptin concentration independent of body weight. Leptin secretion is dually regulated in hospitalized, undernourished patients.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pharmacy, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: LeGall-Salmon
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin; D008297:Male; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013851:Thinness / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D011506:Proteins