title: Ubiquitous localization of leukotriene A4 hydrolase in the rat nephron.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leukotriene (LT) B4 is a well-known inflammatory mediator and is implied to play some roles in glomerulonephritis. Although LTA4 hydrolase, a final-step key enzyme to produce LTB4, is located in glomerular mesangial cells, as well as in leukocytes, platelets, and endothelial cells, its precise distribution in the kidney other than in mesangial cells remains unknown. Therefore, we have investigated the localization of mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity of LTA4 hydrolase in the rat kidney.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microdissection reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used for the determination of LTA4 hydrolase mRNA. The enzyme protein was detected by Western blot, and immunohistochemistry was performed. Finally, LTA4 hydrolase activity and LTB4 were assayed in kidney tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LTA4 hydrolase mRNA was detectable in all microdissected nephron segments of the cortex and outer medulla. The corresponding size of approximately 70 kDa protein was shown in descending order in the inner medullary > outer medullary >/= cortical homogenates. The immunohistochemical study demonstrated the ubiquitous presence of the enzyme in all nephron segments of cortex, outer medulla, and inner collecting tubules. LTA4 hydrolase activity was detected in the inner medullary >/= outer medullary >/= cortical tissue homogenates. LTB4 was demonstrated in the inner medullary > outer medullary >/= cortical tissues during the basal condition, and was time-dependently increased by stimulation with arachidonic acid and ionomycin in the cytosolic fraction from outer medulla and in the glomerular suspension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results strongly suggest that renal tubular cells as well as glomerular cells have an LTB4-forming potency, which may participate in physiological and pathophysiological roles in the kidney.
authors.affiliation: First and Third Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan. akihide-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nosaka
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Noiri
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D009399:Nephrons / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases; C043134:leukotriene A4 hydrolase