title: In ovo vaccination technology.
abstract: More than 80% of the U.S. broiler industry has converted to the in ovo vaccination process for control of Marek's disease. Providing certain criteria are met, including timing and site of vaccine placement, vaccine mixing, machine sanitization, and hatchery management specifications, this has proven to be an efficacious and convenient method of vaccination. Efforts to extend the technology for other viral vaccines including Newcastle, bronchitis and bursal disease, and bacterial and parasitic vaccines are in progress. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that in ovo vaccination technology using approved vaccine is a safe, efficacious, and convenient method for vaccination of poultry.
authors.affiliation: EMBREX, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ricks
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avakian
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gildersleeve
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ilich
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Phelps
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poston
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Whitfill
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000276:immunology*; D002645:Chickens; D005260:Female; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D008380:Marek Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014481:United States; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D014765:Viral Vaccines