Signal transduction by protein kinase C in mammalian cells.
1. The past two decades have witnessed great advances in our understanding of the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in signal transduction. The Ca(2+)-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase discovered by Nishizuka's group in 1977 is now a family of at least 11 isoforms. Protein kinase C isoforms exist in different proportions in a host of mammalian cells and each isoform has a characteristic subcellular distribution in each cell type. 2. Stimulation of a specific PKC isoform often causes redistribution of the isoform from one subcellular compartment to another compartments where it complexes with and phosphorylates a specific protein substrate. 3. The interaction of a specific PKC isoform with its protein substrate may directly activate a specific function of the cell or may trigger a cascade of protein kinases that ultimately stimulates a specific response in differentiated cells or regulates growth and proliferation in undifferentiated cells.
Kanashiro
C A
CA
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA.
Khalil
R A
RA
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008322:Mammals; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011493:Protein Kinase C