title: Retinoid X receptors are essential for early mouse development and placentogenesis.
abstract: Embryos carrying null mutations of both retinoid X receptors alpha and beta (RXRalpha-/-/RXRbeta-/- mutants) were generated. These mutant embryos die between 9.5 and 10.5 days of gestation and display a wide range of abnormalities. The cause of the lethality appears to be the lack of formation of the labyrinthine zone of the chorioallantoic placenta. In a thorough analysis of mutant conceptuses, we establish that RXRs, through heterodimerization with retinoic acid receptors, are essential for postimplantation embryonic development before placentogenesis. RXRs are also essential for the formation of the chorioallantoic placenta, most probably through RXR/peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-gamma heterodimers. Interestingly, as a RXR ligand appears dispensable, placentogenesis must be controlled by a yet unknown hormonal ligand(s) activating the heterodimerization partner(s) of RXRs.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Pasteur/Collège de France.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Wendling
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chambon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mark
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019281:Dimerization; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000235:genetics; D010929:Placentation; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors