title: A mechanism for branchial acid excretion in marine fish: identification of multiple Na+/H+ antiporter (NHE) isoforms in gills of two seawater teleosts.
abstract: Both Na+/H+ exchange and the electrogenic extrusion of H+ via an H+-ATPase have been postulated to drive acid excretion across the branchial epithelium of fishes. While the H+-ATPase/Na+ channel system appears to be the predominant mechanism in some freshwater species, it may play a reduced role in seawater and brackish-water animals, where high external Na+ concentrations may thermodynamically favor Na+/H+ exchange driven by a Na+/H+ antiporter (NHE). In this study, we used molecular and immunological methods to assess the role of NHE isoforms in the branchial epithelium of the marine long-horned sculpin (Myoxocephalus octodecimspinosus) and the euryhaline killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus). Northern blot analysis of RNA probed with the human NHE-1 BamHI fragment suggested the presence of homologous gill NHE mRNA in sculpin. RT-PCR on gill RNA isolated from sculpin recovering from metabolic acidosis provided evidence for two distinct NHE isoforms; one with 76 % amino acid homology to mammalian NHE-2, and another 92 % homologous to trout erythrocytic beta-NHE. Killifish also have transcripts with 91 % homology to beta-NHE. Immunological detection using monoclonal antibodies for mammalian NHE-1 revealed a protein antigenically similar to this isoform in the gills of both species. Metabolic acidosis caused an approximately 30-fold decrease in expression of the NHE-1-like protein in sculpin. We speculate that beta-NHE in the gills plays the intracellular 'housekeeping' roles described for mammalian NHE-1. During systemic acidosis, apical gill NHE-2 (which is sensitive to external amiloride and low [Na+]) in parallel with a dramatic suppression of basolateral NHE-1 activity enhances net capdelta H+ transfers to the water.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA. JBClaiborne@GaSou.edu
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Claiborne
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Blackston
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Morrison-Shetlar
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005880:Gills / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007695:Killifishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017385:Sequence Homology; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers