title: Facilitating edema resolution with a foot pump after calcaneus fracture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the use of a foot pump (intermittent pneumatic pedal compression device) in patients with excessive edema precluding surgery after acute fracture of the calcaneus leads to more rapid resolution of the edema.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized setting. Standard hospital in-patient ward at a Level I trauma center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Those patients with excessive edema precluding operative intervention upon admission after an intraarticular calcaneus fracture who signed an informed consent participated in the study. Twenty-eight patients were enrolled and completed the study: thirteen patients in the foot pump group and fifteen patients in the control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the control group, patients had a bulky compression dressing, posterior splint, and elevation while awaiting surgery. In the study group, the patients had a foot pump applied to the foot with a posterior splint and elevation while awaiting surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The volumetric change of the foot at twenty-four-hour intervals for up to seventy-two hours in both the control and study groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All thirteen patients tolerated the foot pump. The differences in the volume between Day I (baseline) and Day 2 for the foot pump and control groups were minus forty and plus seventy-six milliliters, respectively (p = 0.02). Between Days 1 and 3, the differences were minus ninety-six milliliters for the foot pump group and plus thirty-seven milliliters for the control group (p = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant progressive decrease in the foot volume was noted during the first forty-eight hours after application of the foot pump in patients with excessive edema precluding operative fixation of a calcaneus fracture upon presentation. The pump was well tolerated by all the patients in the study group. Thus, we believe the pump serves as a useful adjunct in the preoperative edema resolution following these complicated fractures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Thordarson
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perlman
mesh_terms: D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D001458:Bandages; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000293:injuries*; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization; D011312:Pressure; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013165:Splints; D016896:Treatment Outcome