title: The inhibitory activity of the AU-rich RNA element in the human papillomavirus type 1 late 3' untranslated region correlates with its affinity for the elav-like HuR protein.
abstract: A 57-nucleotide adenosine- and uridine-rich RNA instability element in the human papillomavirus type 1 late 3' untranslated region termed h1ARE has previously been shown to interact specifically with three nuclear proteins that failed to bind to an inactive mutant RNA. Two of those were identified as the heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins C1 and C2, whereas the third, a 38-kDa, poly(U) binding protein (p38), remained unidentified. Here we show that partially purified p38 reacts with a monoclonal antibody raised against the recently identified elav-like HuR protein, indicating that p38 is the HuR protein. Indeed, recombinant glutathione S-transferase (GST)-HuR protein binds specifically to sites within the h1ARE. Determination of the apparent Kd value of GST-HuR for the h1ARE and the inactive mutant thereof revealed that GST-HuR bound with a more than 50-fold-higher affinity to the wild-type sequence. Therefore, the binding affinity of GST-HuR for the wild-type and mutant h1AREs correlates with their inhibitory activities in transfected cells, strongly suggesting that the HuR protein is involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of human papillomavirus type 1 late-gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sokolowski
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furneaux
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000241:Adenosine; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D051959:ELAV Proteins; D000067780:ELAV-Like Protein 1; D015870:Gene Expression; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014529:Uridine
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D051959:ELAV Proteins; D000067780:ELAV-Like Protein 1; C098770:ELAVL1 protein, human; D012367:RNA, Viral; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D000241:Adenosine; D014529:Uridine