title: Rapid detection of elevated prostate-specific antigen levels in blood: performance of various membrane strip tests compared.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the ability of four commercially available membrane strip tests to detect increased (4 microg/L or more) concentrations of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples with PSA concentrations less than 4 microg/L (n = 67) and from greater than 4 microg/L to 20 microg/L (n = 32) were independently examined by two observers using the PSA membrane strip tests from Chembio, Medpro, Seratec, and Syntron. The positive and negative results of each membrane strip test were classified as either true positive or negative and false negative or positive by comparing them with the quantitative PSA assay of Immulite DPC using the conventional threshold value of 4 microg/L.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The interobserver variations of the tests were between 93% and 97%. The color stability of the Seratec and Chembio tests did not show significant differences between test results read within 10 to 20 minutes of the reaction time; however, the results of the other two tests were especially affected by variations in the reading time. The sensitivity and specificity of the tests in relation to the threshold of 4 microg/L were 67% to 93% and 87% to 97%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Syntron test and, within certain limitations, the Seratec test fulfill the concept of a rapid and convenient PSA determination to detect PSA concentrations greater than 4 microg/L. Methodologic optimization of the tests by a grading of the PSA measuring ranges (eg, between 0 and 2, 3 and 4, 4 and 6, and 7 and 10 microg/L) should be taken into account for future development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zachow
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lein
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lenk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schnorr
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Loening
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011934:Reagent Strips; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011934:Reagent Strips; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen