title: Effect of halothane on intracellular calcium oscillations in porcine tracheal smooth muscle cells.
abstract: The effect of halothane on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) regulation in porcine tracheal smooth muscle cells was examined with real-time confocal microscopy. Both 1 and 2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) halothane increased basal [Ca2+]i when Ca2+ influx and efflux were blocked, suggesting increased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ leak and/or decreased reuptake. In beta-escin-permeabilized cells, heparin inhibition of inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate-receptor channels blunted the halothane-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. Both 1 and 2 MAC halothane decreased the frequency and amplitude of ACh-induced [Ca2+]i oscillations (which represent SR Ca2+ release through ryanodine-receptor channels), abolishing oscillations in approximately 20% of tracheal smooth muscle cells at 2 MAC. When Ca2+ influx and efflux were blocked, halothane increased the baseline and decreased the frequency and amplitude of [Ca2+]i oscillations, inhibiting oscillations in approximately 70% of cells at 2 MAC. The fall time of [Ca2+]i oscillations and the rate of fall of the [Ca2+]i response to caffeine were both increased by halothane. These results suggest that halothane abolishes agonist-induced [Ca2+]i oscillations by 1) depleting SR Ca2+ via increased Ca2+ leak through inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate-receptor channels, 2) decreasing Ca2+ release through ryanodine-receptor channels, and 3) inhibiting reuptake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Pabelick
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kannan
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Sieck
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009991:Oscillometry; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D014132:Trachea / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D000109:Acetylcholine; D002118:Calcium; D006221:Halothane