[Continuous analgesia with a femoral catheter: plexus or femoral block?].
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the spread and quality of sensitive blockade produced by continuous and prolonged use of a femoral catheter inserted for postoperative analgesia.


METHODS
Prospective non comparative evaluation.


METHODS
The study included 20 consecutive patients undergoing major knee surgery with postoperative analgesia obtained with a femoral catheter, a technique commonly used in our department.


METHODS
Regional analgesia was induced after surgery with a bolus injection of 30 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine 1 in 200,000, maintained by continuous infusion of 1% lidocaine + morphine 0.03 mg.mL-1 + clonidine 2 micrograms.mL-1 for 48 h. The infusion rate was 0.1 mL.kg-1.h-1. The evaluation was based on: 1) the quality of analgesia at rest, at 30 min, h1, h3, h6, h12, h24 and h48; 2) the sensitive and motor blockade at the same time intervals.


RESULTS
A "3 in 1" block was only observed in 50% of patients after the initial bolus via the femoral catheter. During the maintenance of analgesia with a continuous infusion a blockade of the three main nerves of the lumbar plexus occurred in less than 20% of patients after 6 h and was limited to the territory of the femoral nerve in 45 to 50% of patients after 12 to 48 h. In all cases the median values of VAS were below 42 mm.


CONCLUSIONS
In most patients, a local anaesthetic administered continuously via a femoral catheter produces a blockade limited to the femoral nerve. These data do not substantiate the conclusions by those who consider they are producing a continuous "3 in 1" block with this technique. However, it is obviously not essential to produce a sensitive blockade of the three main nerves of the lumbar plexus to obtain an effective analgesia after knee surgery.
Barthelet
Y
Y
Département d'anesthésie-réanimation A, hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, France.
Capdevila
X
X
Bernard
N
N
Biboulet
P
P
d'Athis
F
F
D000328:Adult; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral; D005260:Female; D005267:Femoral Nerve / Q000187:drug effects*; D005268:Femoral Vein; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee / Q000601:surgery; D007866:Leg / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies