title: Early versus delayed reduction and pinning of type III displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children: a comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether children with Type III displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus that were pinned in a delayed fashion, defined as more than eight hours after fracture, had a greater need for open reduction than patients with similar fractures pinned more urgently, within eight hours after the trauma. Also, to determine whether those patients treated later fared any worse than patients treated earlier.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of consecutive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level I pediatric trauma center at a tertiary children's hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight consecutive patients, twenty-three with early pinning and thirty-five with delayed pinning. A subgroup of sixteen patients was followed for detailed clinical outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Closed or open reduction and percutaneous pinning
  
  
  METHODS
  Need for open reduction in either group. A separate subgroup was examined for carrying angle and evidence of low-grade compartment syndrome (such as grip strength and range of motion).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in the need for open reduction in the group that was delayed and pinned more than eight hours following fracture. Follow-up examination showed no clinical difference between the two groups in any parameter measured.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that many supracondylar fractures of the humerus can be treated safely in a delayed manner with an excellent clinical result and without unduly prolonging the hospital stay (such as with traction). This allows the patient to be NPO and the surgeon to operate in daylight hours, saving time, hospital resources, and fatigue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital Oakland, California 94609, USA.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Iyengar
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hoffinger
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Townsend
mesh_terms: D001858:Bone Nails; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006810:Humeral Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome