title: Corticosteroid effects on diaphragm neuromuscular junctions.
abstract: The effects of corticosteroid (CS) treatment (prednisolone continuously administered subcutaneously at a flow rate of 2.5 microl/h, daily dose 5.6 mg/kg, for 3 wk) on neuromuscular junction (NMJ) morphology and neuromuscular transmission in rat diaphragm muscle (Dimus) were compared with weight-matched (Sham) and ad libitum fed control (Ctl) groups. Fibers were classified on the basis of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression. CS treatment caused significant atrophy of fibers expressing MHC2X (type IIx), either alone or with MHC2B (type IIx/b). Fibers expressing MHCslow (type I) and MHC2A (type IIa) were unaffected by CS. The planar areas of nerve terminals and motor endplates at type IIx/b fibers were smaller in CS-treated Dimus compared with Sham and Ctl. However, CS-induced atrophy of type IIx/b fibers exceeded changes in NMJ morphology. Thus, when normalized for fiber diameter, NMJs were relatively larger in the CS-treated group compared with Ctl. Neuromuscular transmission failure, assessed in vitro by comparing force loss during repetitive (40 Hz) nerve vs. direct muscle stimulation, was less in CS-treated Dimus. These results indicate that alterations in NMJ morphology after CS treatment are dependent on fiber type and may contribute to improved neuromuscular transmission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.sieck.gary@mayo.edu
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Sieck
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Van Balkom
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.forename: W Z
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Dekhuijzen
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009045:Motor Endplate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017661:Receptors, Presynaptic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D017661:Receptors, Presynaptic; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D011239:Prednisolone