title: PCR targeted to the 16S-23S rRNA gene intergenic spacer region of Clostridium difficile and construction of a library consisting of 116 different PCR ribotypes.
abstract: A reference library of types of Clostridium difficile has been constructed by PCR ribotyping isolates (n = 2,030) from environmental (n = 89), hospital (n = 1,386), community practitioner (n = 395), veterinary (n = 27), and reference (n = 133) sources. The library consists of 116 distinct types identified on the basis of differences in profiles generated with PCR primers designed to amplify the 16S-23S rRNA gene intergenic spacer region. Isolates from 55% of infections in hospitals in the United Kingdom belonged to one ribotype (type 1), but this type was responsible for only 7. 5% of community infections.
authors.affiliation: Anaerobe Reference Unit, Department of Medical Microbiology and Public Health Laboratory, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Stubbs
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Brazier
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: B I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Duerden
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000378:metabolism; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D018070:Biological Specimen Banks; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000382:microbiology; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D006801:Humans; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S / Q000235:genetics; D015183:Restriction Mapping
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S