title: Long-term follow-up of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma associated with triple hepatitis virus (HBV, HDV, HCV) infection.
abstract: A 69-year-old Japanese man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with triple hepatitis viruses [hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis D virus (HDV)] infection is reported. The patient had a past history of intravenous drug abuse and a tattoo on his back. A liver biopsy, performed in November 1989, showed HCC associated with cirrhosis. HBsAg and anti-HD antibody had been detected repeatedly starting in August 1984 and anti-HCV antibody was detected in 1990. By indirect immunoperoxidase staining the HD antigen was detected in the nuclei of hepatocytes of biopsy specimens and noncancerous liver cells obtained from autopsy specimens. Liver cirrhosis associated with triple hepatitis virus infection developed to hepatocellular carcinoma, and transcatheter arterial embolization treatment for HCC was effective. Despite having HCC and cirrhosis, the patient lived well beyond the expected time.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Research, Kure National Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koda
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications*; D003699:Hepatitis D / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous