title: Psoralen and long wavelength ultraviolet radiation as an adjuvant therapy for prevention of intimal hyperplasia and constrictive remodeling after balloon dilation: a study in the rabbit iliac artery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Restenosis after balloon angioplasty is the summated effect of intimal hyperplasia and arterial shrinkage, both caused by hyperproliferation. In the present study, the potential of a photochemotherapeutic modality (Psoralen + UVA: PUVA) for the prevention of angioplasty induced proliferation was explored.
  
  
  METHODS
  In rabbit iliac arteries, balloon dilation followed by PUVA-therapy (H = 1 J/cm2) was performed (n = 15). Contralateral arteries served as control. After 2 and 28 days of survival, the contribution of intimal hyperplasia and remodeling to lumen loss was determined by means of angiography and histological analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 2 days, large parts of the media had become acellular, while proliferation was occurring predominantly in the adventitia in both groups. After 28 days, late loss, arterial shrinkage, but not intimal hyperplasia were larger in the PUVA group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PUVA-therapy did not prevent intimal hyperplasia following balloon dilation but enhanced luminal narrowing by augmented constrictive remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Heart-Lung Institute, Utrecht University Hospital, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perrée
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Velema
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borst
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D053685:Laser Therapy; D011701:PUVA Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D013997:Time Factors; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology