title: A generic mixing system for achieving conditions suitable for single point representative effluent air sampling.
abstract: The U.S. EPA has approved Alternate Reference Methodologies for sampling radionuclide aerosol particles from stacks and ducts of U.S. DOE facilities. The approach allows use of single point sampling with shrouded probes from locations where both fluid momentum and contaminant concentration are well mixed across the flow cross section. For existing stacks and ducts that do not have locations where there is adequate mixing, we have developed a generic mixing system that will generate conditions suitable for single point sampling. The coefficients of variation of the velocity, tracer gas, and 10 microm aerodynamic diameter aerosol particles profiles are all less than 10%, which are well within the EPA limit of 20%. Mixing is affected neither by size of the system nor by flow rate, provided the flow is turbulent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77841, USA.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: McFarland
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: McManigle
mesh_terms: D000398:Air Pollution, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006077:Government Agencies; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015983:Selection Bias; D014481:United States; D014484:United States Environmental Protection Agency