title: Neonatal total parenteral nutrition ascites from liver erosion by umbilical vein catheters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A preterm infant was found to have total parenteral nutrition (TPN) ascites after infusion through a low umbilical vein catheter (UVC). Objective. To evaluate the clinical and imaging findings of neonates with TPN ascites after infusion through UVCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight patients with TPN ascites were identified over three years. Charts were abstracted for clinical data. Plain-film, ultrasound (US), and contrast studies through the UVCs were examined to determine UVC placement, presence of liver injury, and confirmation of intraperitoneal extravasation from the UVC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All eight patients with TPN ascites presented with hypotension and abdominal distension. All had UVCs overlying the liver on plain film. Catheters were in place a mean of 8.9 days prior to TPN extravasation. US in four patients showed hepatic parenchymal damage around the UVC tip. Contrast studies in six patients showed intraperitoneal spill.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While low UVC placement may sometimes be clinically unavoidable, TPN administered through abnormally positioned UVCs is not without risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Children's Radiological Institute and Columbus Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Coley
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seguin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cordero
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reber
mesh_terms: D001201:Ascites / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011859:Radiography; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014471:Umbilical Veins