title: Detection of monocyclic aromatic amines, possible mammary carcinogens, in human milk.
abstract: Environmental chemicals may play a role in the etiology of human breast cancer. Aromatic amines, industrial chemicals found as environmental pollutants, have been identified as rat mammary carcinogens. We have detected the monocyclic aromatic amines, aniline, o-toluidine, and N-methylaniline at parts per billion levels in human milk samples, by applying solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Our findings indicate that human breast ductal epithelial cells are directly exposed to aromatic amines, including o-toluidine, which is a mammary carcinogen in female rats.
authors.affiliation: Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry (GWC2), Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: DeBruin
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Pawliszyn
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Josephy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism; D014052:Toluidines / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D002273:Carcinogens; D014052:Toluidines; C023622:2-toluidine; C023650:aniline; C021313:methylaniline