Coevolution of the mammalian chemokines and their receptors.
A phylogeny of mammalian chemokines revealed two major clusters, corresponding to the CC and CXC chemokines; the C chemokines appeared to be more closely related to the former. In a phylogeny of chemokine receptors, there were also two major clusters: one containing CC chemokine receptors plus other receptors of unknown function and another containing CXC receptors and other receptors of unknown function. However, within the CC receptors, there was not a close correspondence between the phylogenies of chemokines and their receptors. The CC chemokines contained two major subfamilies: (1) the MIP subfamily (including MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES); and (2) the MCP subfamily (including MCP-1,-2,-3, and -4 and eotaxin). Receptors having preferred ligands in the MCP subfamily did not constitute a monophyletic group but rather evolved twice independently. Reconstruction of ancestral amino acid sequences suggested that these two groups of MCP receptors did not convergently evolve any amino acid residues; rather, they convergently lost sequence features found in the third and fourth extracellular domains of known receptors for MIP-subfamily chemokines.
Hughes
A L
AL
Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA.
Yeager
M
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001188:Artiodactyla; D002415:Cats; D002417:Cattle; D018925:Chemokines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D011323:Primates; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*
D018925:Chemokines; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine