title: Phosphorylation of p70(S6k) correlates with increased skeletal muscle mass following resistance exercise.
abstract: High-resistance exercise training results in an increase in muscle wet mass and protein content. To begin to address the acute changes following a single bout of high-resistance exercise, a new model has been developed. Training rats twice a week for 6 wk resulted in 13.9 and 14.4% hypertrophy in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles, respectively. Polysome profiles after high-resistance lengthening contractions suggest that the rate of initiation is increased. The activity of the 70-kDa S6 protein kinase (p70(S6k)), a regulator of translation initiation, is also increased following high-resistance lengthening contractions (TA, 363 +/- 29%; EDL, 353 +/- 39%). Furthermore, the increase in p70(S6k) activity 6 h after exercise correlates with the percent change in muscle mass after 6 wk of training (r = 0.998). The tight correlation between the activation of p70(S6k) and the long-term increase in muscle mass suggests that p70(S6k) phosphorylation may be a good marker for the phenotypic changes that characterize muscle hypertrophy and may play a role in load-induced skeletal muscle growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60608, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baar
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Esser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D024510:Muscle Development; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011132:Polyribosomes / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases