title: Middle ear carcinoid: an indolent tumor with metastatic potential.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neuroendocrine tumors of the head and neck region may present problems in diagnosis. Middle ear carcinoid is a rare, recently recognized tumor, which to date has not been reported to metastasize.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the case of a 64-year-old man with a 9-year history of recurrent middle ear neoplasm and ipsilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. A microscopic parathyroid tumor was also identified. The approach to the diagnosis of this unusual combination is presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient had a neuroendocrine tumor metastatic to multiple unilateral cervical lymph nodes, which was morphologically identical to his recurrent middle ear neoplasm. The neoplasm had the morphologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of a carcinoid tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case illustrates that middle ear carcinoids may metastasize. We suggest that immunohistochemical studies be performed on all biopsy specimens from neoplasms of the middle ear, as distinction from the more common paraganglioma may be difficult on morphologic grounds alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Mooney
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Dodd
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Oury
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Burchette
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Layfield
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Scher
mesh_terms: D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000473:pathology*; D004428:Ear Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D004432:Ear, Middle; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*