title: The 40 Hz modulation-following response: prediction of low-frequency uncomfortable loudness levels in normally hearing adults.
abstract: Preliminary investigations have been made in normally hearing alert adults to establish whether the 40 Hz modulation-following response (MFR) can be used to predict 400 Hz uncomfortable loudness levels (ULLs). The MFR stimulus was a 400 Hz carrier, amplitude- and frequency-modulated by a 40 Hz sine function. Subjective ULLs were obtained using standard procedures. Objective ULLs were obtained from MFR parameter intensity functions using rms amplitude, phase angle and magnitude-squared coherence (40 Hz components). The best predictions of the subjective ULL were made using objective ULLs calculated from the gradients of linear best-fit lines for individual phase-intensity functions (80 per cent predicted within 10 dB of the subjective ULL; maximum deviation=16 dB). Poorest predictions were based on inter-subject average rms amplitude-intensity functions, where as few as 14 per cent were within 10 dB of the subjective value. The best predictions were considered sufficiently accurate to warrant further investigation using a variety of modulation and carrier frequencies in different age groups and with varying degrees of hearing loss.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Audiology, Education of the Deaf and Speech Pathology, Manchester University, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Dwyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006309:Hearing / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008144:Loudness Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013997:Time Factors