title: A prospective randomized trial of mycophenolate mofetil with neoral or tacrolimus after orthotopic liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The success of liver transplantation in this decade has become the stimulus to extend the donor and recipient pool. Reducing early posttransplant morbidity to maintain our success, as we expand our frontiers, has led us to focus on balanced testing of multidrug immunosuppression regimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective trial in orthotopic liver transplantation using Mycophenolate Mofetil and an identical steroid taper with randomization of patients to Neoral (N) or Tacrolimus (FK) is the basis of this report. This was an intent-to-treat study designed to compare the 6-month primary endpoints of rejection and infection and to compare the 6-month secondary endpoints of liver function, renal function, bone marrow function, hypertension, and serum cholesterol levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-seven patients completed the 6-month follow-up period (N=49, FK=48). The actual 6-month patient and graft survival rates were 98% and 94%, respectively. There was no difference in the number of patients with rejection episodes (N=11, FK=8) (P=0.61). There were 24 infections (3 cytomegalovirus) in the FK group and 30 infections (9 cytomegalovirus) in the N group. The cholesterol levels at 6 months were not significantly different (P=0.07) between the groups. The other secondary 6-month endpoints were not significantly different, except total bilirubin, which was lower in the FK arm (P=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of Mycophenolate Mofetil with N or FK and an identical steroid taper after orthotopic liver transplantation is associated with excellent graft and patient survival, and at 6 months, only 191% of the patients experienced rejection, with a 48% overall infection rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcos
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Shiffman
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Luketic
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kimball
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sanyal
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chodorov
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Posner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D002784:Cholesterol; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D016559:Tacrolimus