title: Insect cell stimulation by LPS requires the activity of cell-released proteases.
abstract: The hemocyte line BTI-EA-1174-A from the lepidopteran insect Estigmene acraea responds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by an enhanced phagocytic reaction and a dose-dependent increase of lysozyme release [Wittwer et al., Dev Comp Immunol 21:323 (1997)]. This paper provides evidence for a strong proteolytic activity in cell culture supernatants occurring after addition of LPS (1 mg/ml). The proteolysis is caused by cell-released proteases and seems to be necessary for cell activation. Its inhibition by alpha 2-macroglobulin results in a dose-dependent reduction in cellular response strength. Phagocytic reactions, as well as lysozyme release, are lowered to about half in the presence of 0.0001 mg/ml alpha 2-macroglobulin. A nearly complete abolishment of activation was achieved with final concentrations of 1.0 mg/ml alpha 2-macroglobulin. The data presented allow us to conclude that the LPS-triggered proteolytic activity is an important part of the activation process; it occurs outside of the cells and delivers immune response activating factors.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Zoology, Free University Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wittwer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiesner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003470:Culture Media; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009036:Moths / Q000201:enzymology*; D009113:Muramidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000511:alpha-Macroglobulins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D011506:Proteins; D000511:alpha-Macroglobulins; D009113:Muramidase; D010450:Endopeptidases