Trophic effects of cardiotrophin-1 and interleukin-11 on rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro.
Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) was originally isolated for its hypertrophy inducing effects on cardiac myocytes whereas interleukin-11 (IL-11) was identified due to its ability to stimulate an interleukin-6 (IL-6) dependent plasmocytoma cell line. Both cytokines are structurally and functionally related to a group of factors called neuropoietic cytokines, which also includes IL-6, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and oncostatin M. These factors have trophic effects on subsets of neurons. In the present study we examined the influence of CT-1 and IL-11 on newborn rat dorsal root ganglion neuron survival in vitro. Mouse CT-1 showed prominent trophic effects that were comparable to those of CNTF and LIF. Mouse IL-11 alone did not enhance neuronal survival, but soluble mouse IL-11 receptor alpha rendered neurons sensitive to IL-11. Surprisingly, soluble IL-11 receptor alpha even had slight neurotrophic effects by itself. These results suggest that CT-1 and IL-11 might also be involved in the physiological regulation of sensory neuron survival. Thus, they might, like CNTF, become tools for the therapeutic intervention in neurodegeneration due to disease, toxicity, and trauma.
Thier
M
M
Institute of Neuropathology, Technical University (RWTH), Aachen, Germany.
Hall
M
M
Heath
J K
JK
Pennica
D
D
Weis
J
J
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053703:Interleukin-11 Receptor alpha Subunit; D051379:Mice; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053702:Receptors, Interleukin-11; D012995:Solubility
D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D016207:Cytokines; C508428:IL11RA protein, human; C508429:Il11ra1 protein, mouse; C508430:Il11ra1 protein, rat; C508431:Il11ra2 protein, mouse; D017370:Interleukin-11; D053703:Interleukin-11 Receptor alpha Subunit; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053702:Receptors, Interleukin-11; C092073:cardiotrophin 1