title: Cerebellar morphology as a predictor of symptom and psychosocial outcome in schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, we examined whether brain morphology assessed early in the course of schizophrenia predicted psychosocial or symptomatic outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We acquired magnetic resonance images on 63 subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and manually traced regions of interest, including the cerebrum, temporal lobes, ventricles, and cerebellum. Subjects were then prospectively assessed every 6 months for an average of 7 years. Outcome symptom measures were longitudinal rather than cross-sectional, and included average number of weeks per year spent in a psychotic negative, or disorganized symptom syndrome, and average number of weeks of inpatient treatment per year. A psychosocial outcome measure summed ratings of impairment in employment, recreation, sexual activity, and interpersonal relationships.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Negative associations were found between cerebellar volume and three outcome measures: negative and psychotic symptom duration, and psychosocial impairment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results underscore the potential role of cerebellar abnormalities in the etiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Wassink
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Andreasen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nopoulos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flaum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000473:pathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012919:Social Behavior; D016896:Treatment Outcome