Liposome oligomannose-coated with neoglycolipid, a new candidate for a safe adjuvant for induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response has recently been shown to play a role in protection against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and it is therefore thought that a vaccine against HIV must be able to elicit a CTL response. The development of a safe, effective adjuvant is very important because alum, the only adjuvant available for use in humans at present, can barely induce a response of this type. We demonstrate here that liposomes that contain an immunodominant peptide (15 amino acids) of the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of HIV-1 and that are coated with mannopentaose-dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine conjugate induce a major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CD8+ CTL response in mice with a single subcutaneous immunization, whereas non-coated liposomes do not. Since no damage to the skin at the injection site was caused by the liposomes, and since the oligomannose-coated liposomes consist of innocuous materials ubiquitously distributed throughout the human body, they may be highly suitable for use as a safe adjuvant in vaccines inducing a CTL response against HIV.
Fukasawa
M
M
Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Japan.
Shimizu
Y
Y
Shikata
K
K
Nakata
M
M
Sakakibara
R
R
Yamamoto
N
N
Hatanaka
M
M
Mizuochi
T
T
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D008358:Mannose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D006017:Glycolipids; D008081:Liposomes; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D008358:Mannose