title: Endogenous glucocorticoids released during acute toxic liver injury enhance hepatic IL-10 synthesis and release.
abstract: Endogenous glucocorticoids are known to play a role in the regulation of the inflammatory response possibly by modulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression. We examined endogenous glucocorticoid secretion, hepatic damage, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA expression and release in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) after treatment with vehicle or a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (RU-486). Rats treated with CCl4 demonstrated striking elevations of plasma corticosterone levels. Inhibition of endogenous glucocorticoid activity by pretreatment with the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU-486 resulted in augmented CCl4-mediated hepatotoxicity, as reflected by histology and serum transaminase levels, which were independent of alterations in serum TNF-alpha levels or hepatic mRNA expression. CCl4 treatment resulted in enhanced hepatic IL-10 mRNA expression and elevated serum IL-10 levels, which were markedly attenuated by glucocorticoid receptor blockade. In summary, significant endogenous glucocorticoid release occurs during acute toxic liver injury in the rat and suppresses the inflammatory response independent of effects on TNF-alpha but possibly by upregulating hepatic IL-10 production.
authors.affiliation: Liver Unit, Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Swain
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Appleyard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Le
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000315:Adrenalectomy; D000818:Animals; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015735:Mifepristone; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D003345:Corticosterone