A cytoplasmic factor, calpastatin and ATP together reverse run-down of Ca2+ channel activity in guinea-pig heart.
1. The cytoplasmic extract of bovine heart was separated into four fractions by gel filtration: H (molecular mass > 300 kDa), P (250-300 kDa), L1 (180-250 kDa) and L2 (< 180 kDa). The effects of these fractions on the run-down of L-type Ca2+ channel activity were investigated in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. 2. After run-down induced by inside-out patch formation, Ca2+ channel activity was restored by P or H (+ 3 mM ATP) to 7.5 and 5.8 % of that in the cell-attached mode, respectively, but to as high as 86 % by P + H + ATP. 3. The reversal of run-down brought about by the P fraction was mimicked by calpastatin. 4. The restorative effect of calpastatin + ATP showed a biphasic time course: 38 % in the early transient phase and 11 % in the late phase. However, calpastatin + H + ATP showed a sustained effect: 66 % in the early transient phase, and 87 % in the late phase. 5. The effective component of the H fraction showed a protein-like nature: heat and trypsin sensitivity. 6. The activities of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, casein kinase I, casein kinase II, protein tyrosine kinase, protein serine/threonine or tyrosine phosphatases were measured. However, these kinases and phosphatases were not confirmed as the effective component of cytoplasm or the H fraction. 7. Run-down was not prevented by 2 microM phalloidin or 2 microM paclitaxel, suggesting that neither actin filaments nor microtubules are directly involved in the run-down. 8. Our results support the view that the basal activity of the Ca2+ channel is maintained by at least three factors: a protein-like factor in the H fraction, calpastatin, and ATP.
Hao
L Y
LY
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan.
Kameyama
A
A
Kameyama
M
M
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D015220:Calcium Channels; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D014020:Tissue Extracts; C033668:calpastatin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D017239:Paclitaxel