title: Increase in circulating endothelial cells in patients with primary chronic venous insufficiency: protective effect of Ginkor Fort in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
abstract: One possible mechanism that accounts for the alterations observed in varicose veins is the activation of endothelial cells by ischemia occurring in the leg veins during blood stasis and the cascade of reactions that follows. Because in vitro data suggest that endothelium alteration is a key event in the development of the pathology, it was important to confirm this hypothesis in patients. We used the number of circulating endothelial cells detached from the vascular wall as a criterion of the endothelium injury. We first compared the number of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) with those of a control population. A twofold increase in the CEC count (1,001+/-127 CEC/ml of plasma compared with 514+/-82 CECs/ml) was observed in CVI patients, which indeed suggests an alteration of the endothelium in this disease. Second, the protective effect of a venotropic drug, Ginkgo biloba extract, troxerutine, and heptaminol (Ginkor Fort), was tested by a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. In the active-treatment group, the mean values of the CEC count decreased by 14.5% after a 4-week treatment, whereas in the placebo group, the decrease was less (8.4%). The decrease from week 0 to the end of treatment was significantly higher in the active-treatment group than in the placebo group. These results confirm the important role of the endothelium alterations in the development of varicose veins and suggest a potential beneficial action of a venotropic drug on the venous wall.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Cellulaire, Facultés Universitaires Notre Dame de la Paix, Namur, Belgium.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Michiels
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guillaume
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cuisinier
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Louagie
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Remacle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002452:Cell Count / Q000187:drug effects; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; C063170:Ginkgo biloba extract; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract