title: Prognostic significance of cerebrospinal fluid cyclic adenosine monophosphate in neonatal asphyxia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In piglets prolonged asphyxia resulted in decreased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 3;,5;-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) during recovery; this was associated with reduced pial arteriolar responses to stimuli that use cAMP as a second messenger. We hypothesized that asphyxia in human neonates results in decreased CSF cAMP and that low CSF cAMP is associated with abnormal outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 27 infants with evidence of hypoxic-ischemic insult; 19 were term (group 1) and 8 were preterm (group 2). The normal values of CSF cAMP were determined from 75 infants with no asphyxia; 44 were term (group 3) and 31 were preterm (group 4). CSF cAMP was measured by using radioimmunoassay procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CSF cAMP levels in infants with asphyxia (groups 1 and 2) were 12 +/- 9. 5 and 7.9 +/- 7.1 pmol/mL, respectively, significantly lower than those of groups 3 and 4 (control infants), that is, 21.1 +/- 8.7 and 27.1 +/- 9.2 pmol/mL, respectively (P <.0001). Among infants with asphyxia, 3 died and 10 had abnormal neurologic outcome. Univariate analysis showed that abnormal outcomes were significantly related to CSF cAMP levels, phenobarbital use, and multi-organ failure. However, only CSF cAMP was retained in the model by stepwise logistic regression. CSF cAMP of 10.0 pmol/mL discriminated between those with normal and those with abnormal neurologic outcome. Low CSF cAMP concentration was associated with abnormal long-term outcome, estimated odds ratio of 12.4 (95% CI, 2.1-109.3; P <.006), and sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 85%, 69%, 73%, and 80%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CSF cAMP concentrations were decreased in infants with asphyxia. Low CSF cAMP levels were associated with poor neurologic outcome.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Research in Neonatal Physiology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tennessee, Memphis, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pourcyrous
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Bada
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Parfenova
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Korones
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Leffler
mesh_terms: D001034:Apgar Score; D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D001724:Birth Weight; D044383:Black People; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012016:Reference Values; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D000242:Cyclic AMP