title: Subtype G and multiple forms of A/G intersubtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Nigeria.
abstract: Multiple human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genetic subtypes, intersubtype recombinants, and group O have been found in west central Africa. In Nigeria, where HIV-1 prevalence is rising rapidly, characterization of HIV-1 strains has been limited. Each of three full-length genome sequences acquired to date shows evidence of recombination: two are largely subtype G with subtype A segments in the midgenome accessory region; the third, IbNG, is subtype G with the long terminal repeats and two segments of pol from subtype A. In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained in 1994-1995 from 10 patients hospitalized in northeastern Nigeria were evaluated by sequencing of the complete envelope and, from 7 patients, a portion of gag. Four patients harbored subtype G viruses and six patients had recombinant viruses. Two had strains sharing the A/G recombinant structure of IbNG. Two had a previously undescribed recombinant, mostly subtype A, whose carboxyl-terminal gp41 could not be classified. An A/G recombinant different from IbNG but similar to CA1, a Cameroonian strain, was found in one patient. The remaining patient had a strain that was otherwise subtype G but shared an unclassified carboxyl-terminal gp41 segment with the CA1-like strains. Other subtypes and group O were not found.
authors.affiliation: The Henry M. Jackson Foundation, 1600 East Gude Drive, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA. fmccutchan@hiv.hjf.org
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: McCutchan
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bajani
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sanders-Buell
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Harry
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Stoeckli
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gashau
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nasidi
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kalish
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D011995:Recombination, Genetic