title: Cervicography screening for cervical cancer among 8460 women in a high-risk population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cervicography was evaluated as a primary screening method for cervical cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cervigrams of 8460 women were taken on enrollment into a population-based study of cervical neoplasia. Cervicography results were compared with a referent diagnosis determined by histologic analysis and 3 cytologic tests, and with the performance of conventional cytologic evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cervicography identified all 11 cancers, whereas cytologic testing missed 1. Cervicography yielded sensitivities for detecting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or cancer of 49.3% overall (specificity, 95.0%), 54.6% in women younger than 50 years of age, and 26.9% in women 50 years of age and older. Cytologic testing yielded sensitivities for detecting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or cancer of 77.2% overall (specificity, 94. 2%), 75.5% in women younger than 50 years of age, and 84.6% in women 50 years of age and older.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytologic testing performed better than cervicography for the detection of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Cervicography performed marginally better than cytologic testing for the detection of invasive cervical cancer. Cervicography is not recommended for postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bratti
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hildesheim
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Sedlacek
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lorincz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mango
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wacholder
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alfaro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schiffman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010781:Photography; D017698:Postmenopause; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis