title: Prediction of normal QT intervals in children.
abstract: Measuring QT intervals in individual children is of great importance, particularly in view of increasing evidence linking long QT syndrome to subsequent risk for sudden death. Three hundred seventy-three healthy subjects, 185 women and 188 men, aged 5.2 to 16.5 years, were investigated with a 12-lead-standard electrocardiogram (ECG). Values for predicted QTp50 and QTp95 (percentiles) were calculated by using the cycle length (RR interval [RRI]) and the measured QT interval. We used multiple regression analysis to test the influence of possible important variables and the resulting data were used to generate tables. Additionally, predicted QTp values were compared to QTc values after Bazett's correction. RRI, body height, age, and sex turned out to influence the QTp values most. For clinical use, data are presented in tabular form by RRI and age for both genders. The tables are of great clinical value in predicting the upper limits of normal QTp95 for individual children. Bazett's correction tends to underestimate the values found in our data when heart rate increases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eberle
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hessling
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Ulmer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brockmeier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008133:Long QT Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012727:Sex Characteristics