title: [Dorsoventral limb patterning based on anatomical analysis of muscles and nerve plexuses].
abstract: The developing vertebrate limb is an excellent system to study the mechanisms that lead to skeletal, muscular and nervous patterns. Pattern formation in the limb occurs in relation to three axes: the antero-posterior axis, the proximo-distal axis and the dorso-ventral axis. Extensive classical embryological experiments on chick limb buds have identified some of the cell interactions related to these three axes. Recent works in developmental biology have begun to identify the molecular basis of these cell interactions which control patterns and forms of the limb. In this review, a possible model of dorsoventral limb patterning is proposed, based on an experiment using ectoderm/mesoderm recombinations in which the dorsoventral axis of the tissues is inverted. Based on comparative anatomical studies of the shoulder and pelvic regions, the anatomy of the transitional zone between limb and trunk regions is discussed. In addition, the problem of the nerve-muscle relationship in gross anatomy is also discussed from the viewpoint of the pattern formation.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004475:Ectoderm; D005121:Extremities / Q000196:embryology* / Q000294:innervation; D008648:Mesoderm; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology