The advent of highly selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase--a review.
Cyclooxygenase (COX) exists in two isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2, COX-1 is present and is constitutively expressed in most cells and tissues, whereas COX-2 is felt to principally mediate inflammation. However, this distinction appears to be challenged by recent observations. This review addresses the roles of COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms in physiologic and pathophysiologic states and reviews potential therapeutic roles for selective COX inhibitors.
Cryer
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Medical Service, Dallas VA Medical Center, TX 75216, USA. bcryer@mednet.swmed.edu
Dubois
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D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry; D000236:Adenoma / Q000737:chemistry; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000502:physiology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004068:Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000502:physiology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008954:Models, Biological; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000502:physiology*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000502:physiology