title: Quantity and function of high density lipoprotein as an indicator of coronary atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between the fractional esterification rate of cholesterol (C) in low density lipoprotein- and very low density lipoprotein-depleted plasma (FER(HDL)) and coronary artery disease (CAD) and the influence of serum HDL-C levels.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The function of HDL in reverse cholesterol transport is involved in the antiatherogenic action of HDL, and FER(HDL) is a newly established quantitative measure of HDL function in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases (n = 185, F/M: 43/142) and controls (n = 74, F/M:27/47) were defined as subjects with/without angiographically proven CAD, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cases had significantly (p < 0.05) higher FER(HDL) values (13.2+/-0.3 %/h vs. 12.1+/-0.5 %/h) and lower HDL-C levels (39.0+/-1.0 mg/dL vs. 46.8+/-1.4 mg/dL) than the controls. The associations of FER(HDL) and HDL-C with CAD were linear and significant (p < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the association of FER(HDL) with CAD varied with the HDL-C level: significant for the low HDL-C tertile (chi-square = 6.20, p < 0.05) but not significant for the middle and high HDL-C tertiles (chi-square = 0.08 and 0.03, n.s.). The risk of CAD, relative to that in patients with low FER(HDL) and high HDL-C, was higher in patients with low FER(HDL) and low HDL-C (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.37 [1.12-4.97], p < 0.05) and was highest in patients with high FER(HDL) and low HDL-C (3.85 [1.84-8.06], p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The functional assay of HDL (FER(HDL)) is an independent risk factor for CAD. The combination of FER(HDL) and HDL-C could be a potent indicator for CAD, and may reflect a potential mechanism of atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Japan. hh035399@msat.fukuoka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saku
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arakawa
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014461:Ultracentrifugation