title: Combination of three typing methods for the molecular epidemiology of Aspergillus fumigatus infections. European Research Group on Biotype and Genotype of Aspergillus.
abstract: This study investigated the source of infection and strain relatedness of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from bronchial colonisation and invasive aspergillosis (IA) in four transplant patients. Environmental isolates from the patient's home and from the hospital and infecting isolates were obtained for patient A who developed IA. Clinic environmental and colonising isolates were obtained for patient B. Sequential isolates were obtained from various organs from patient C who developed IA and also from patient D who had a bronchitic aspergillosis that developed into IA. Ninety-one A. fumigatus isolates were analysed by three typing methods: multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence-specific DNA primers (SSDP). The three combined typing methods demonstrated a greater differentiation of isolates than the typing methods used separately or in pairs. This demonstrated the genotypic variability of A. fumigatus and facilitated better epidemiological analysis. Large polymorphisms were demonstrated for each patient isolate between and colonies within various samples. The relatedness of the isolates suggested nosocomially acquired aspergillosis for patient B, but the source of infection for patient A remained unclear. The results suggested at least three multiple infections among the four patients. This study enabled the identification of the source of infection and strain relatedness, which in turn facilitates the development of preventive measures for patient management in the future.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Institut Scientifique de la Santé Louis Pasteur, Section Mycology, 14 Rue Juliette Wytsman, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Symoens
authors.affiliation: Parasitologie-Mycologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Laboratoire Relations Hôte-Agents Pathogènes (UPRES-A CNRS 5082), Université Joseph Fourier, Faculté de Médecine, Domaine de la Merci, 38706 La Tronche, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mondon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mallie
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Mycologie Fondamentale et Appliquée aux Biotechnologies Industrielles, Faculté de Pharmacie, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
authors.forename: M-A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Piens
authors.affiliation: Parasitologie-Mycologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Laboratoire Relations Hôte-Agents Pathogènes (UPRES-A CNRS 5082), Université Joseph Fourier, Faculté de Médecine, Domaine de la Merci, 38706 La Tronche, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lebeau
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: A-M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tortorano
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Mycologie Fondamentale et Appliquée aux Biotechnologies Industrielles, Faculté de Pharmacie, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chaib
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Mycologie Fondamentale et Appliquée aux Biotechnologies Industrielles, Faculté de Pharmacie, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carlotti
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Mycologie Fondamentale et Appliquée aux Biotechnologies Industrielles, Faculté de Pharmacie, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villard
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: M-A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Viviani
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Mycologie Fondamentale et Appliquée aux Biotechnologies Industrielles, Faculté de Pharmacie, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chapuis
authors.affiliation: Institut Scientifique de la Santé Louis Pasteur, Section Mycology, 14 Rue Juliette Wytsman, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nolardt
authors.affiliation: Parasitologie-Mycologie Médicale et Moléculaire, Laboratoire Relations Hôte-Agents Pathogènes (UPRES-A CNRS 5082), Université Joseph Fourier, Faculté de Médecine, Domaine de la Merci, 38706 La Tronche, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grillot
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bastide
mesh_terms: D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D004592:Electrophoresis, Starch Gel; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D015203:Reproducibility of Results