Multinuclear solid-state three-dimensional MRI of bone and synthetic calcium phosphates.
Multinuclear three-dimensional solid-state MRI of bone, tooth, and synthetic calcium phosphates is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo with a projection reconstruction technique based on acquisition of free induction decays in the presence of fixed amplitude magnetic field gradients. Phosphorus-31 solid-state MRI provides direct images of the calcium phosphate constituents of bone substance and is a quantitative measurement of the true volumetric bone mineral density of the bone. Proton solid-state MRI shows the density of bone matrix including its organic constituents, which consist principally of collagen. These solid-state MRI methods promise to yield a biological picture of bone richer in information concerning the bone composition and short range-crystalline order than the fluid-state images provided by conventional proton MRI or the density images produced by radiologic imaging techniques. Three-dimensional solid-state projection reconstruction MRI should be readily adaptable to both human clinical use and nonmedical applications for a variety of solids in materials science.
Wu
Y
Y
Biomaterials Laboratory, NMR Center, Room 2301, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
Chesler
D A
DA
Glimcher
M J
MJ
Garrido
L
L
Wang
J
J
Jiang
H J
HJ
Ackerman
J L
JL
D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008963:Molar / Q000737:chemistry; D010758:Phosphorus; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014070:Tooth / Q000737:chemistry*