title: Primary hyperparathyroidism presenting with pathological fracture.
abstract: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an intriguing condition. Routine automated biochemical screening has made the diagnosis commonplace in developed countries and the disease is diagnosed early in its course when it is often asymptomatic. In developing countries or in recent immigrants from these countries, PHPT is often seen in an advanced stage with bone involvement. Associated dietary deficiencies may alter the biochemical profile and cause a diagnostic dilemma. It is important to include it in the differential diagnosis of pathological fractures. We report three cases of PHPT presenting with pathological fractures and discuss their diagnosis and management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Deshmukh
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Alsagoff
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Dhillon
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Khir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000601:surgery; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery