title: Critically ill patients: immunological evidence of inflammation in muscle biopsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify whether muscle necrosis in critically ill patients could be due to an inflammatory process, we tested muscle biopsies from five intensive care patients with different inflammation-specific immunocytochemical markers (antibodies anti-class I major histocompatibility complex products (class I MHCP or HLA I), membrane attack complex (MAC), T lymphocytes helper-inducer (CD4), cytotoxic (CD8) and pan-B-lymphocytes).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In three patients muscle biopsy showed class I MHCP positivity on the surface membrane of several groups of fibres, mainly perifascicular, and scattered microvascular deposits of MAC. In the other two patients muscle biopsy did not show class I MHCP and MAC positivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that inflammation may be a component of muscle damage in some critically ill patients.
authors.affiliation: Centro Dino Ferrari, Istituto di Clinica Neurologica dell' Università di Milano, IRCCS, Ospedale Maggiore, Policlinico, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bazzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moggio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prelle
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sciacco
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tonin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tomelleri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Battistel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Adobbati
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Checcarelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Veschi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scarlato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D016638:Critical Illness; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008875:Middle Aged; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D009336:Necrosis