title: Coadministration of albumin and furosemide in patients with the nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with nephrotic syndrome, the natriuretic effect of furosemide (FU) is diminished. The effect of coadministration of FU and human albumin (HA) has remained controversial.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, nine nephrotic patients (six males, 48 +/- 4 years) on standardized sodium chloride intake, in random order on three separate days, received by intravenous administration for 60 minutes either (a) 60 mg FU plus a sham infusion, (b) 60 mg FU plus 200 ml of a 20% solution of HA, or (c) sham infusion plus 200 ml of a 20% solution of HA. Urinary volume, sodium, albumin and FU excretion, renal hemodynamics, and plasma atrial natriuretic factor concentration were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of FU alone significantly (P < 0.01) increased mean cumulative urinary sodium (259 +/- 30 mmol) and volume excretion (2684 +/- 167 ml) in the first eight hours as compared with the HA infusion alone (118 +/- 12 mmol, 1827 +/- 141 ml). The coadministration of FU and HA caused an even more marked increase (P < 0.01 vs. HA alone) of urinary sodium (312 +/- 28 mmol) and volume excretion (3230 +/- 201 ml); the difference to FU administration alone was significant (P < 0.05). Plasma atrial natriuretic factor, serum albumin concentration, and urinary albumin excretion increased significantly on both HA infusion days, whereas urinary excretion of FU remained unchanged with HA coadministration. Glomerular filtration rate (CIn) was not significantly affected by any of the infusion protocols, but effective renal plasma flow (CPAH) increased significantly on both HA infusion days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coadministration of HA potentiates the action of FU in patients with the nephrotic syndrome, but only modestly. This effect is mediated by changes in renal hemodynamics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Ruperto-Carola University, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fliser
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zurbrüggen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mutschler
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bischoff
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nussberger
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Franek
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ritz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000652:urine; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D005665:Furosemide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009318:Natriuresis / Q000187:drug effects; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*