title: Association of human leucocyte antigen phenotype with vaccine efficacy in patients receiving vaginal mucosal immunization for recurrent urinary tract infection.
abstract: Immune responses to specific antigens can be influenced by an individual's genetic make-up. We examined whether the efficacy of a vaginal mucosal vaccine for urinary tract infections (UTI) was affected by a patient's human leucocyte antigen (HLA) phenotype. Urinary tract infection data and the HLA phenotypes of 47 women participating in a phase II clinical trial of immunization for recurrent UTI were statistically analysed for associations between HLA-A, -B, -DR, or -DQ phenotype and postimmunization infection course. Women who received the vaccine and had HLA-DR phenotypes other than DR2 had significantly delayed times to re-infection compared with women receiving placebo. Vaccine-treated patients with the HLA-DR2 phenotype had re-infection courses that were not different than women receiving placebo. These results indicate that the efficacy of a vaginal mucosal UTI vaccine may be influenced by an individual's HLA-DR phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53792, USA.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Heisey
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Uehling
mesh_terms: D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D015802:HLA-DR2 Antigen / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000235:genetics; D007125:Immunogenetics; D010641:Phenotype; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014621:Vagina / Q000276:immunology