title: Arginine enhances induction of T helper 1 and T helper 2 cytokine synthesis by Peyer's patch alpha beta T cells and antigen-specific mucosal immune response.
abstract: The effects of arginine on cell proliferation and subsequent T helper (Th) 1 and Th 2 cytokine synthesis by murine Peyer's patch (PP) Th cells in vitro and the influence of arginine on the induction of antigen-specific mucosal and systemic immune responses in vivo were examined. When the PP T cells were stimulated with the anti-alpha beta T cell receptor (TCR) antibody in the presence of different concentrations of arginine, a higher proliferative response was observed in the culture with an optimal concentration of arginine compared with that with a minimum amount of this amino acid. The concentration of cytokines in the supernatant, the number of cytokine-producing cells and the cytokine-specific mRNA expression of PP T cells were also increased in a dose-dependent fashion. Furthermore, when mice fed on an arginine-supplemented liquid diet were orally immunized with tetanus toxoid plus cholera toxin as a mucosal adjuvant, a higher level of antigen-specific fecal IgA was observed when compared with the response in mice fed on an arginine-free diet. Taken together, these results suggest that arginine enhanced antigen-specific mucosal immune response resulting from the supporting activation of cell proliferation and subsequent cytokine synthesis of PP Th cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294, USA. sbpharma@mb.infoweb.ne.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiroi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McGhee
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeshita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyono
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012588:Scintillation Counting; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology