title: TNF receptor p55 plays a pivotal role in murine keratinocyte apoptosis induced by ultraviolet B irradiation.
abstract: Excess exposure of skin to ultraviolet B (UVB) results in the appearance of so-called sunburn cells. Although it has been demonstrated that sunburn cells represent apoptotic keratinocytes, the molecular mechanisms for UVB-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes have not been fully elucidated. The cytokine, TNF-alpha, has been shown to induce apoptosis in a variety of cell types. Since UVB induces keratinocytes to release TNF-alpha, we hypothesized that TNF-alpha is involved in UVB-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes. In order to confirm this hypothesis and to further delineate which type of TNF receptor signaling mediates the apoptosis pathway, we performed both in vivo and in vitro experiments using gene-targeted knockout mice lacking either the TNF p55 receptor or the TNF p75 receptor. In the in vivo study, wild-type and mutant mice were exposed to UVB, and apoptotic keratinocytes were detected by examining DNA fragmentation using in situ nick-end labeling. For the in vitro experiments, keratinocytes derived from the wild-type and mutant mice were irradiated with UVB, and the degree of apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, nick-end labeling of DNA, and a DNA ladder assay. Both in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that the deletion of TNF receptor p55 could suppress UVB-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes. Our observations support the notion that TNF-alpha is involved in UVB-induced keratinocyte apoptosis, and demonstrate that p55 receptor signaling plays a pivotal role in this event.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Shinder
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Shivji
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Sauder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001483:Base Sequence; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000528:radiation effects; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000528:radiation effects; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D013471:Sunburn / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*