Convergence of transforming growth factor-beta and vitamin D signaling pathways on SMAD transcriptional coactivators.
Cell proliferation and differentiation are regulated by growth regulatory factors such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and the liphophilic hormone vitamin D. TGF-beta causes activation of SMAD proteins acting as coactivators or transcription factors in the nucleus. Vitamin D controls transcription of target genes through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Smad3, one of the SMAD proteins downstream in the TGF-beta signaling pathway, was found in mammalian cells to act as a coactivator specific for ligand-induced transactivation of VDR by forming a complex with a member of the steroid receptor coactivator-1 protein family in the nucleus. Thus, Smad3 may mediate cross-talk between vitamin D and TGF-beta signaling pathways.
Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
J
J
Yanagisawa
Y
Y
Yanagi
Y
Y
Masuhiro
M
M
Suzawa
M
M
Watanabe
K
K
Kashiwagi
T
T
Toriyabe
M
M
Kawabata
K
K
Miyazono
S
S
Kato
D000818:Animals; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D019556:COS Cells; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D008024:Ligands; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1; D010766:Phosphorylation; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*
D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors; D002117:Calcitriol