Use of capillary tubes and plate heat exchanger to validate U.S. Department of Agriculture pasteurization protocols for elimination of Salmonella enteritidis from liquid egg products.
D values for a five-strain cocktail of Salmonella Enteritidis in five different liquid egg products (whole egg, egg yolk, egg white, egg yolk + 5% sucrose + 5% NaCl, and egg yolk + 10% NaCl) were determined using 100-microl capillary tubes. The egg products were inoculated with approximately 1 X 10(10) organisms/ml and heated in capillary tubes to temperatures ranging from 51 to 68 degrees C for various time intervals. Using a pilot scale plate heat exchanger, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) protocols for pasteurization were also evaluated using egg products inoculated with approximately 1 x 10(7) Salmonella Enteritidis/ml. Results of experiments with capillary tubes suggested that almost all processes would result in less than the 9D process recommended by the USDA. However, when the egg products were pasteurized using the plate heat exchanger, a greater than 9D process was achieved for Salmonella Enteritidis in all products except egg yolk containing 5% sucrose + 5% NaCl, which received approximately a 4D process.
Center for Food Safety and Quality Enhancement, University of Georgia, Griffin 30223, USA.
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Michalski
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Brackett
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Hung
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Ezeike
D000818:Animals; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D004528:Egg Shell / Q000382:microbiology; D004530:Egg Yolk / Q000382:microbiology; D004531:Eggs / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000592:standards*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000592:standards*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D014481:United States; D016885:United States Department of Agriculture