Compact shielded exposure system for the simultaneous long-term UHF irradiation of forty small mammals. II. Dosimetry.
A four-antenna collinear array in an electromagnetically shielded chamber was designed and constructed to preferentially irradiate the brains of a large number of small mammals using cellular telephony microwave signals. Ten animals in special restrainers were positioned symmetrically around a centrally located antenna. These restrainers are resting on a circular structure made of acrylic plastic called a "carousel." Four carousels are stacked vertically, forming the array, inside a microwave anechoic chamber called a "chamberette." (Details of the design of this irradiator and of a 12-chamberette irradiation facility are given in a previous article.) In this article, the dosimetry on rats is reported. Both thermometric and thermographic measurements were performed. The average specific absorption rate (SAR) in brain tissue measured thermometrically was 0.85+/-0.34 W/kg per watt of net input power into the radiating antenna. This range agrees with the SAR levels reported in the literature for cellular telephones. Thermographic evaluation using splittable phantoms showed that most of the energy absorbed by the rats is concentrated in and around the brain. Moreover, it was found that the SAR in brain tissue can vary considerably for rats of similar weights, depending on position of the rats' heads inside the restrainers, and that there exists a significant dependence of SAR on animal weight. These variations may be of importance in the interpretation of results of lifelong studies. The data presented clearly show that the chamberette is, dosimetrically, a suitable irradiation system for electromagnetic bioeffects studies in the cellular communication frequency range, especially when a large number of laboratory animals is required.
Radiation Oncology Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA. moros@castor.wustl.edu
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D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000528:radiation effects; D001835:Body Weight; D001921:Brain / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004780:Environment, Controlled; D006799:Housing, Animal; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008872:Microwaves; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011187:Posture; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011874:Radiometry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013689:Telephone; D013696:Temperature; D013817:Thermography