Clinically important pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions: role of cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Drug-drug interactions have become an important issue in health care. It is now realized that many drug-drug interactions can be explained by alterations in the metabolic enzymes that are present in the liver and other extra-hepatic tissues and many of the major pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs are due to hepatic cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) enzymes being affected by previous administration of other drugs. After coadministration, some drugs act as potent enzyme inducers, whereas others are inhibitors. However, reports of enzyme inhibition are very much more common. Understanding these mechanisms of enzyme inhibition or induction is extremely important in order to give appropriate multiple-drug therapies. In the future, it may help to identify individuals at greatest risk of drug interactions and adverse events.
Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki-ken, Japan. einosuke@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
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D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology
D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System