The Toll-receptor family and control of innate immunity.
Innate immune recognition is mediated by a system of germline-encoded receptors that recognize conserved molecular patterns that are associated with microbial pathogens. These receptors are coupled to signal transduction pathways that control expression of a variety of inducible immune-response genes. Toll receptors and the associated signaling pathways of nuclear factor kappaB may represent the most ancient host defense system found in mammals, insects and plants.
Kopp
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Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Medzhitov
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D000818:Animals; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C068721:Tl protein, Drosophila; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors