The Toll-receptor family and control of innate immunity.
Innate immune recognition is mediated by a system of germline-encoded receptors that recognize conserved molecular patterns that are associated with microbial pathogens. These receptors are coupled to signal transduction pathways that control expression of a variety of inducible immune-response genes. Toll receptors and the associated signaling pathways of nuclear factor kappaB may represent the most ancient host defense system found in mammals, insects and plants.
Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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D000818:Animals; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C068721:Tl protein, Drosophila; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors