Activity of disulfiram (bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide) and ditiocarb (diethyldithiocarbamate) against metronidazole-sensitive and -resistant Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus.
Clinical resistance of Trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole is best correlated with MIC values measured under aerobic conditions. Under these conditions both disulfiram (bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide), and its first mammalian metabolite, ditiocarb (diethyldithiocarbamate), showed high levels of activity against metronidazole-sensitive (disulfiram MIC, 0.1-0.7 microM; ditiocarb MIC, 0.3-9 microM) and -resistant (MICs 0.2-1.3 microM and 1.2-9 microM respectively) isolates. Tritrichomonas foetus was also sensitive-the MICs for seven metronidazole-sensitive isolates were 0.1-1.0 microM for disulfiram and 1.0-6.9 microM for ditiocarb; those for two highly metronidazole-resistant strains were 0.3-1.3 microM and 0.6-6 microM respectively. Under anerobic conditions most strains became highly resistant to both compounds. Surprisingly, disulfiram was consistently more active than ditiocarb.
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
M J
MJ
Bouma
D
D
Snowdon
A H
AH
Fairlamb
J P
JP
Ackers
D000332:Aerobiosis; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000994:Antitrichomonal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004221:Disulfiram / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004050:Ditiocarb / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D016835:Tritrichomonas foetus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D000994:Antitrichomonal Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D004050:Ditiocarb; D004221:Disulfiram