Physiological and parasitological responses to nematode infections of fattening cattle in the Western Pampas of Argentina.
The epidemiology of nematode infection was studied in fattening grazing cattle from weaning (April 1994) to market at the end of their second autumn (July 1995). Sixty Aberdeen Angus calves of seven months of age were randomly allocated by weight to two groups: GT, treated every three weeks with doramectin (200 mcg/kg); and GI, an infected group, only treated with fenbendazole (7.5 mg/kg) at weaning and on the 1st of October. The two groups were grazed together on contaminated lucerne pastures until July, on 'clean' oat pastures until October and again on contaminated lucerne until the end of the trial. Fecal egg counts (epg), herbage larvae (L3), serum pepsinogen (Pep) and blood eosinophils (Eo) were evaluated monthly. Eight steers were slaughtered for worm recovery, three in July 1994, three in December 1994 and two in July 1995. Grazing feed intake was estimated by fecal output (chromic oxide method)/l-diet digestibility and to measure non-specific response, Brucella antibodies were detected at 11 and 40 days post-vaccination in early winter. Fecal egg counts, Pep and Eo of GI increased (P<0.01) from April to July when there was a moderate-to-high level of infection. Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus and Cooperia were the predominant genera. By late winter, all parameters decreased on oat 'clean' pastures and increased again when cattle returned to moderately infected lucerne. During summer, the parameters measured reflected the negligible numbers of L3 on pastures until early autumn. At this time, increased numbers of L3 were followed by a moderate rise (P<0.01) of epg, Pep and Eo values. During winter, GT showed higher (P<0.04) Brucella antibody IgG titers while feed intake of GI was 24.9% depressed (P<0.02). There were total cumulative weight-gain (WG) differences (P<0.001) between groups (GT=263.1 kg; GI=214.3 kg). During the second autumn, the mean WG of GT steers was 16.6 kg greater (P<0.04) than that of GI. Vaccination titres against Brucella suggested non-specific depression of immunity, while higher Pep and Eo levels in second-year steers may have reflected hypersensitivity reactions.
Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Anguil, La Pampa, Argentina. vshuarez@cpsarg.com
V H
VH
Suarez
R M
RM
Lorenzo
M R
MR
Busetti
G M
GM
Santucho
D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D002003:Brucella abortus / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004435:Eating; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000166:cytology; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005273:Fenbendazole / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D020116:Pepsinogen A / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D014251:Trichostrongyloidea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014252:Trichostrongyloidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D015430:Weight Gain
D000871:Anthelmintics; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D005273:Fenbendazole; D007559:Ivermectin; D020116:Pepsinogen A; C084101:doramectin