In vitro and in vivo activities of NS-718, a new lipid nanosphere incorporating amphotericin B, against Aspergillus fumigatus.
We evaluated the in vitro and in vivo potencies of a new lipid nanosphere that incorporates amphotericin B (AmB), NS-718, against Aspergillus fumigatus. The in vitro activity of NS-718 (the MIC at which 90% of strains are inhibited [MIC90], 0.25 microgram/ml) against 18 isolates of A. fumigatus was similar to that of deoxycholate AmB (D-AmB; Fungizone; MIC90, 0.25 microgram/ml), but NS-718 was more potent than liposomal AmB (L-AmB; AmBi-some; MIC90, 1.0 microgram/ml). The in vivo efficacy of NS-718 in a rat model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was compared with those of D-AmB and L-AmB. A low dose (1 mg/kg of body weight) of L-AmB was ineffective (survival rate, 0%), although equivalent doses of D-AmB and NS-718 were more effective (survival rate, 17%). However, a higher dose of NS-718 (3 mg/kg) was more effective (survival rate, 100%) than equivalent doses of D-AmB and L-AmB (survival rate, 0%). To explain these differences, pharmacokinetic studies showed higher concentrations of AmB in the plasma of rats treated with NS-718 than in the plasma of those treated with D-AmB. Our results suggest that NS-718, a new preparation of AmB, is a promising antifungal agent with activity against pulmonary aspergillosis.
Otsubo
T
T
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
Maesaki
S
S
Hossain
M A
MA
Yamamoto
Y
Y
Tomono
K
K
Tashiro
T
T
Seki
J
J
Tomii
Y
Y
Sonoke
S
S
Kohno
S
S
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001229:Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000187:drug effects*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008055:Lipids; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008055:Lipids; D000666:Amphotericin B