The radial transmission line as a broad-band shielded exposure system for microwave irradiation of large numbers of culture flasks.
The problem of simultaneously exposing large numbers of culture flasks at nominally equivalent incident power densities and with good thermal control is considered, and the radial transmission line (RTL) is proposed as a solution. The electromagnetic design of this structure is discussed, and an extensively bench-tested realization is described. Referred to 1 W of net forward power, the following specific absorption rate (SAR) data were obtained: at 835.62 MHz, 16.0+/-2.5 mW/kg (mean+/-SD) with range (11-22); at 2450 MHz, 245+/-50 mW/kg with range (130-323). Radio-frequency interference from an RTL driven at roughly 100 W is so low as to be compatible with a cellular base station only 500 m distant. To avoid potential confounding by temperature differences among as many as 144 T-75 flasks distributed over 9 RTLs (six irradiates and three shams), temperature within all flasks was controlled to 37.0+/-0.3 degrees C. Experience with over two years of trouble-free operation suggests that the RTL offers a robust, logistically friendly, and environmentally satisfactory solution to the problem of large-scale in vitro experiments in bioelectromagnetics.
Moros
E G
EG
Radiation Oncology Section, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA.
Straube
W L
WL
Pickard
W F
WF
D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D019985:Benchmarking; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena / Q000295:instrumentation; D004780:Environment, Controlled; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008872:Microwaves; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013679:Technology, Radiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods