Associations between drug abuse treatment and cigarette use: evidence of substance replacement.
The influence of risk-behavior bias, drug use, prior cigarette use, and prior and current participation in drug treatment on cigarette use was analyzed using a 3-wave survey of 346 drug abusers. Participation in drug treatment and a risk-behavior bias were hypothesized to predict greater cigarette use. After controlling for prior levels of cigarette use with a longitudinal path model, it was found that participation in drug treatment at Wave 2 significantly predicted increased cigarette use at Wave 2. There were similar results at Wave 3. Additional analyses indicated that reduced heroin use was especially associated with more smoking. Risk-behavior bias predicted more drug and cigarette use and predicted less participation in drug treatment at Wave 3. These results suggest that drug treatment, reduced heroin use, and a tendency toward risky behavior may lead to increased cigarette use, which may represent a form of substance replacement.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1563, USA.
B T
BT
Conner
J A
JA
Stein
D
D
Longshore
A W
AW
Stacy
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010556:Personality Tests; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*