title: The effects of tryptophan depletion and loading on laboratory aggression in men: time course and a food-restricted control.
abstract: Some studies have shown that sharp reduction of L-tryptophan (Trp) concentration in plasma results in increases in laboratory-measured aggression. Conversely, raising plasma Trp has blunted aggression. These effects are presumably due to impaired or enhanced serotonin synthesis and neurotransmission in the brain. In this study, the laboratory-measured aggressive behavior of eight men under both Trp depletion (T-) and Trp loading (T+) conditions was compared to their aggressive behavior under food-restricted control conditions (overnight fast without an amino acid beverage). Subjects were provoked by periodic subtraction of money which was attributed to a fictitious other participant, and aggression was defined as the number of retaliatory responses the subject made ostensibly to reduce the earnings of the (fictitious) other participant. Following ingestion of the T- beverage, aggressive responding was significantly elevated relative to the food-restricted control condition, and this increased aggressive behavior became more pronounced across behavioral testing sessions on a time-course which paralleled previously documented decreases in plasma Trp concentrations. In contrast, no changes were observed in aggressive responding under T+ conditions relative to food-restricted conditions. These within-subject behavioral changes under depleted plasma Trp conditions support earlier indications of a role of serotonin in regulating aggression.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas, Houston Medical School, 77030, USA.
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Bjork
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: Dougherty
authors: F G
authors: FG
authors: Moeller
authors: D R
authors: DR
authors: Cherek
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Swann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects*; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012201:Reward; D013997:Time Factors; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014364:Tryptophan