Mucosal events in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
The interaction between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and primary mucosal cells isolated from normal human small intestine was investigated. Purified primary intestinal epithelial cells could transport cell-free HIV-1 to mononuclear cells, although the epithelial cells did not support viral replication. An unexpected finding was that primary intestinal macrophages were markedly less permissive to HIV-1 than were blood monocytes. The reduced permissiveness appeared to be due to the near absence of surface CCR5 on resident intestinal macrophages. Surface CCR5 could be up-regulated on the monocytes but not the intestinal macrophages by HIV-1 and gp120. Impaired permissiveness of intestinal macrophages to HIV-1 may play an important role in the low prevalence of HIV-1 mRNA-expressing macrophages in the lamina propria during HIV-1 infection in vivo. Characterization of the biologic properties of HIV-1 transport and infection in primary mucosal cells will be key to elucidating the pivotal role of mucosal surfaces in HIV-1 disease.
Smith
P D
PD
Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology and Hepatology), University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Li
L
L
Meng
G
G
D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000821:virology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000821:virology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000821:virology; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D019713:Receptors, CCR5