title: Preirradiation evaluation and technical assessment of involved-field radiotherapy using computed tomographic (CT) simulation and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for intracranial germinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the importance of preirradiation mental and endocrinological evaluation, and the effectiveness of involved-field radiotherapy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following etoposide and cisplatin with or without ifosfamide, 13 patients with nondisseminated disease received involved-field irradiation of 24 Gy in 12 fractions within 3 weeks and 2 patients with disseminated germinoma received 24 Gy craniospinal irradiation (CSI). CT simulation was used to cover the tumor bed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) tests given at the time of the initial radiotherapy showed less than 90 in 7 of 11 patients who had tumors involving the neurohypophyseal region, but the 4 patients who had solitary pineal tumors showed higher scores. Panhypopituitarism was observed in 9 patients with tumors involving the neurohypophyseal region. All patients are alive without disease, with a median follow-up period of 40 months. No in-field relapse was noted after the involved-field radiotherapy. One patient experienced a recurrence outside of the planning target volume.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decline of neurocognitive and endocrine functions were often seen in patients with tumors involving the hypophyseal region, but not in patients with solitary pineal germinoma before radiotherapy. Involved-field radiotherapy using 24 Gy is effective with the help of CT simulation and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
authors: Department of Radiology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kitamura
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Shirato
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Sawamura
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Suzuki
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Ikeda
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Miyasaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002648:Child; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018237:Germinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007360:Intelligence / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide