title: MRI: update on technology diffusion and acquisition.
abstract: Over the past three years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become accepted as a valuable diagnostic tool, and its applications continue to expand. During this time, the number of units installed in the United States doubled. By 1990 about 2,000 MRI units were in place in the United States and nearly 20 percent of the MRI-installed base was mobile, according to a research study conducted by the Hadley Hart Group (Chicago) and Drew Consultants, Inc. (Concord, MA). With the introduction of the prospective payment system, many hospitals were hesitant to spend limited capital on new technology, such as MRI. At the same time, freestanding diagnostic imaging centers were on the rise. Some hospitals and entrepreneurs who foresaw the potential of MRI in health care pioneered its use in the clinical setting. Hospitals began to examine new partnership arrangements and alternative forms of financing, so that they too could offer MRI services. By the end of 1988, the majority of hospitals offering MRI services did not own their own unit and about 40 percent of the hospitals offering MRI services were in a mobile configuration according to the Hadley Hart Group. While the technology has been diffused into 100-bed hospitals via mobile service vendors in some parts of the country, many medium-sized and large hospitals also have entered the MRI services market in this fashion. In the larger hospitals, the patient demand or need for the service often would justify acquisition of MRI, but the expense of the technology, and in many areas restrictive state health planning policies, modified purchase of MRI systems by hospitals. Mobile service vendors offered hospitals a way to startup MRI services in a limited fashion without a major capital expenditure and its associated risk. As hospitals gain experience with mobile MRI and achieve or exceed their early utilization projections, administrators are reevaluating the need to expand services to a full-time fixed site. Early fixed-site MRI providers have been constantly upgrading their MRI capability while planning on adding more units. The technology itself has continued to improve, primarily through the implementation of new software that permits new techniques such as MR angiography (MRA) to be performed. Units are available in a wide price range, price usually reflecting both the field strength (0.5 tesla units cost less) as well as the additional capabilities beyond routine imaging (MRA, spectroscopy).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
authors: American Hospital Association.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Hoppszallern
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Hughes
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Zimmerman
mesh_terms: D003625:Data Collection; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005544:Forecasting; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008952:Mobile Health Units / Q000191:economics; D010934:Planning Techniques; D011682:Purchasing, Hospital / Q000639:trends*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013673:Technology Assessment, Biomedical; D014481:United States