title: Formation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-modified proteins and 3-nitro-L-tyrosine in rat island skin flaps during and after ischemia.
abstract: 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE)-modified proteins and 3-nitro-L-tyrosine were evaluated as a specific marker of reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and nitric oxide (NO)-mediated peroxynitrite-induced tissue injuries in ischemic and reperfused skin flap by Western blot analysis. Specimens were taken from island skin flaps of rats during the following three conditions: ischemia only, 5 hours of ischemia and reperfusion, and 10 hours of ischemia and reperfusion. HNE-modified proteins and 3-nitro-L-tyrosine increased with ischemic time (3, 6, and 10 hours postischemia). In the reperfused skin flap after both 5 and 10 hours of ischemia, HNE-modified proteins and 3-nitro-L-tyrosine were increased 3 hours postreperfusion, and they reached a maximum 6 hours after reperfusion. HNE-modified proteins and 3-nitro-L-tyrosine 1 hour postreperfusion were higher with 10 hours ischemia-reperfusion than with 5 hours ischemia-reperfusion. These results indicate (1) that ROS- and NO-induced peroxynitrite-mediated cytotoxicity in ischemic flaps is dependent on the ischemic period and (2) that ROS- and NO-induced peroxynitrite-mediated cytotoxicity occurs during an early stage of reperfusion if the ischemic period is long.
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors: S C
authors: SC
authors: Um
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Suzuki
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Toyokuni
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Uchida
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Hiai
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Nishimura
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005609:Free Radicals; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D005609:Free Radicals; D011506:Proteins; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal