title: Differential inhibition of collagenase and interleukin-1alpha gene expression in cultured corneal fibroblasts by TGF-beta, dexamethasone, and retinoic acid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Expression of the genes for collagenase and interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) are induced as stromal cells become activated to the repair fibroblast phenotype after injury to the cornea. This investigation examines the mechanisms whereby expression of these genes is inhibited by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), dexamethasone (DEX), or retinoic acid (RET A).
  
  
  METHODS
  A model of freshly isolated cultures of corneal stromal cells and early passage cultures of corneal fibroblasts was used in these studies. This model reproduces the events of stromal cell activation in the corneal wound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In early passage cultures of corneal fibroblasts, expression of collagenase is under obligatory control by autocrine IL-1alpha. IL-1alpha controls its own expression through an autocrine feedback loop that is dependent on transcription factor NF-kappaB. TGF-beta, DEX, and RET A were each effective inhibitors of collagenase gene expression in these cells. Furthermore, these agents have the capacity to inhibit expression of IL-1alpha and this was correlated with their ability to affect DNA-binding activity of NF-kappaB. However, TGF-beta, DEX, and RET A were also effective inhibitors of the low level of collagenase expressed by freshly isolated corneal stromal cells that cannot express IL-1alpha.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In cells with an active IL-1alpha autocrine loop there are at least two distinct signaling pathways by which collagenase gene expression can be modulated. The results of this study demonstrate that TGF-beta, DEX, and RET A differentially inhibit collagenase and IL-1alpha gene expression. This information will be useful in the design of therapeutic modalities for fibrotic disease in the cornea and other parts of the eye.
authors: New England Medical Center, and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: West-Mays
authors: J R
authors: JR
authors: Cook
authors: P M
authors: PM
authors: Sadow
authors: D K
authors: DK
authors: Mullady
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Bargagna-Mohan
authors: K J
authors: KJ
authors: Strissel
authors: M E
authors: ME
authors: Fini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019898:Autocrine Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017364:Collagenases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D003319:Corneal Stroma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D011817:Rabbits; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014212:Tretinoin; D012313:RNA; D003907:Dexamethasone; D017364:Collagenases