title: Rheumatology referral patterns.
abstract: The authors studied the characteristics of patients referred for rheumatology consultation in a group model HMO. Six hundred twelve patients were evaluated in 1986. The ages ranged from 3 to 85 years, with an average of 52 years. Female patients outnumbered male patients almost 3:1. Only 44% of referrals had a presumptive diagnosis and more than one half of these diagnoses were changed by the consulting rheumatology specialist, suggesting a high value added from the HMO rheumatologic consultation. Internists referred at a slightly higher rate than family practitioners, and pediatricians referred children at one tenth of the adult rate. Comparison with other published data on fee-for-service rheumatology practices indicates that in one group model HMO, which prohibits patient self-referral, rheumatologic specialists see a higher percentage of patients with vague or difficult-to-manage conditions such as the connective tissue diseases and fibromyalgia and a lower percentage of osteoarthritis and gout. This finding suggests that the structure and incentives of HMOs alter medical referral and practice patterns in significant ways.
authors: Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR.
authors: R S
authors: RS
authors: Hooker
authors: J B
authors: JB
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003625:Data Collection; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009922:Oregon; D010372:Pediatrics; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D012219:Rheumatology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*