title: Association of Trp64Arg beta 3-adrenergic-receptor gene polymorphism with essential hypertension in the Sardinian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the possible association of three candidate gene polymorphisms with essential hypertension in the genetically homogeneous Sardinian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 494 unrelated, nondiabetic subjects, 213 (43.2%) with essential hypertension. All subjects underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test with determination of glycemia and insulinemia and serum lipids. The polymorphisms evaluated comprised Trp64Arg of the beta 3-adrenergic receptor, Gly40Ser of the glucagon receptor gene and the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the overall population studied, 48 (9.7%) were heterozygous carriers of the Trp64Arg polymorphism. The frequency of the Trp64Arg variant was significantly higher in hypertensives (13.6%) than normotensives (6.8%; chi 2 5.73, P = 0.017). The 48 subjects with the Trp64Arg variant had significantly higher (P < 0.049) serum triglyceride levels than the 446 with the Trp64Trp variant, while no significant differences were observed, either fasting or during the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, in glycemia and insulinemia. No differences were found between hypertensive and normotensive subjects for ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism nor in the frequency of the Gly40Ser coding change in exon 2 of the glucagon receptor gene.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results are consistent with the thesis that the Trp64Arg polymorphism of the beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene is associated more often with the condition of high blood pressure than with normal blood pressure.
authors: Cattedra di Malattie del Metabolismo, University of Sassari, Italy.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Tonolo
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Melis
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Secchi
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: Atzeni
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Angius
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Carboni
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ciccarese
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Malavasi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Maioli
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001120:Arginine / Q000235:genetics; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D007558:Italy; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000235:genetics*; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon / Q000235:genetics; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; D014364:Tryptophan; D004247:DNA; D001120:Arginine; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A