Inflammatory cytokines provide a third signal for activation of naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
The effects of inflammatory cytokines on naive T cells have been studied using MHC protein/peptide complexes on microspheres, thus avoiding the use of APCs whose functions may be affected by the cytokines. IL-1, but not IL-12, increased proliferation of CD4+ T cells in response to Ag and IL-2, which is consistent with effects on in vivo priming of CD4+ cells. In contrast, proliferation of CD8+ T cells to Ag and IL-2 required IL-12, and IL-12 replaced adjuvant in stimulating an in vivo response to peptide. These results support a model in which distinct inflammatory cytokines act directly on naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to provide a third signal, along with Ag and IL-2, to optimally activate differentiation and clonal expansion.
Curtsinger
J M
JM
Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Schmidt
C S
CS
Mondino
A
A
Lins
D C
DC
Kedl
R M
RM
Jenkins
M K
MK
Mescher
M F
MF
D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000502:physiology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000502:physiology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D004527:Egg Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000502:physiology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000502:physiology; D007399:Interphase / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology
D000941:Antigens; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D016207:Cytokines; D004527:Egg Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; C110366:OVA-8; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D018664:Interleukin-12; D010047:Ovalbumin