title: Prevention of insulin resistance and diabetes in mice heterozygous for GLUT4 ablation by transgenic complementation of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle.
abstract: Impaired skeletal muscle glucose utilization under insulin action is a major defect in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. This is underscored by a new mouse model of type 2 diabetes generated by genetic disruption of one allele of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4+/-), the insulin-responsive glucose transporter in muscle and adipose tissue. Male GLUT4+/- mice exhibited decreased GLUT4 expression and glucose uptake in muscle that accompanied impaired whole-body glucose utilization, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and heart histopathology. To determine whether development of the diabetic phenotype in GLUT4+/- mice can be forestalled by preventing the onset of impaired muscle GLUT4 expression and glucose utilization, standard genetic crossing was performed to introduce a fast-twitch muscle-specific GLUT4 transgene--the myosin light chain (MLC) promoter-driven transgene MLC-GLUT4--into GLUT4+/- mice (MLC-GLUT4+/- mice). GLUT4 expression and 2-deoxyglucose uptake levels were normalized in fast-twitch muscles of MLC-GLUT4+/- mice. In contrast to GLUT4+/- mice, MLC-GLUT4+/- mice exhibited normal whole-body glucose utilization. In addition, development of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia observed in GLUT4+/- mice was prevented in MLC-GLUT4+/- mice. The occurrence of diabetic heart histopathology in MLC-GLUT4+/- mice was reduced to control levels. Based on these results, we propose that the onset of a diabetic phenotype in GLUT4+/- mice can be avoided by preventing decreases in muscle GLUT4 expression and glucose uptake.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
authors: T S
authors: TS
authors: Tsao
authors: A E
authors: AE
authors: Stenbit
authors: S M
authors: SM
authors: Factor
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Chen
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Rossetti
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Charron
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D006579:Heterozygote; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018345:Mice, Knockout / Q000235:genetics; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D019076:Transgenes / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C495693:Slc2a4 protein, mouse