title: Transmission of tuberculosis between people of different ages in The Netherlands: an analysis using DNA fingerprinting.
abstract: METHODS
  In the period 1950 to 1980 the risk of tuberculous infection in the Netherlands declined more steeply than tuberculosis incidence. This study aimed at determining whether this might be explained by preferential transmission within age groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) typing on all Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in the Netherlands from 1993 to 1996, clusters with identical fingerprints were identified. The correlation between the ages of people in clusters of two Dutch patients was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean difference in age between the two people, in 81 clusters of two, was 13.9 years, while the mean age difference between all possible pairs of individuals in this data set was 25.5 years. Fisher's intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46-0.74).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that sources of tuberculosis may preferentially transmit infection to people close to their own age. As the average age of cases has increased in the period 1950-1980, sources may have become less likely to infect children in whom the risk of infection has been measured. The annual risk of infection measured in children and young adults in countries with low levels of tuberculosis may not apply to older members of the population.
authors: Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association (KNCV), The Hague. kncvtbc@kncvtbc.nl
authors: M W
authors: MW
authors: Borgdorff
authors: N J
authors: NJ
authors: Nagelkerke
authors: D
authors: D
authors: van Soolingen
authors: J F
authors: JF
authors: Broekmans
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*