title: Requirement of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) for tumor necrosis factor-induced cytokine expression.
abstract: The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is activated by treatment of cells with cytokines and by exposure to environmental stress. The effects of these stimuli on p38 MAP kinase are mediated by the MAP kinase kinases (MKKs) MKK3, MKK4, and MKK6. We have examined the function of the p38 MAP kinase signaling pathway by investigating the effect of targeted disruption of the Mkk3 gene. Here we report that Mkk3 gene disruption caused a selective defect in the response of fibroblasts to the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor, including reduced p38 MAP kinase activation and cytokine expression. These data demonstrate that the MKK3 protein kinase is a critical component of a tumor necrosis factor-stimulated signaling pathway that causes increased expression of inflammatory cytokines.
authors: Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Program in Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Wysk
authors: D D
authors: DD
authors: Yang
authors: H T
authors: HT
authors: Lu
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Flavell
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Davis
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013012:Sorbitol; C098416:MAP-kinase-activated kinase 3; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases