title: Primary breast carcinoma of the vulva: a case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 1872, Hartung was the first to describe the case of a fully formed mammary gland arising in the left labium majora of a 30-year-old woman. Since Hartung's initial report, 38 additional cases of ectopic vulvar breast tissue have been described. This case report describes the rare occurrence of primary mammary adenocarcinoma arising within the vulva.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 64-year-old G4P4 white female presented with a 4-year history of a 2 x 1 cm firm, indurated, raised lesion of the left lateral mons. A wide local excision with ipsilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy was performed. Given histological findings characteristic of both invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma, in conjunction with the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors within the tumor, a diagnosis of infiltrating adenocarcinoma arising within ectopic breast tissue was made.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thirty-nine reported cases of ectopic breast tissue arising within the vulva have been reported in the world literature. Though the diagnosis of primary breast carcinoma arising within the vulva is based primarily upon histologic pattern, estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity provide supporting evidence. Given the rarity of this condition, guidelines for therapy are unavailable; we therefore suggest looking to the current management of breast cancer in order to establish a sensible approach.
authors: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA.
authors: W P
authors: WP
authors: Irvin
authors: H P
authors: HP
authors: Cathro
authors: W W
authors: WW
authors: Grosh
authors: L W
authors: LW
authors: Rice
authors: W A
authors: WA
authors: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D001940:Breast; D002828:Choristoma / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D014845:Vulvar Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*