title: Helicobacter pylori eradication with proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies and re-treatment with ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been suggested that short-term triple therapy comprising a proton pump inhibitor, plus clarithromycin and amoxycillin be used as first choice in treating H. pylori infection, while eradication failure patients should be further treated with a quadruple therapy. Nevertheless, conflicting results have been reported using these treatment regimens in different countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 278 patients with H. pylori infection were randomised to receive one-week triple therapy, comprising clarithromycin 500 mg b.d., amoxycillin 1 g b.d., and either omeprazole 20 mg b.d. (OAC; 90 patients), or pantoprazole 40 mg b.d. (PAC; 95 patients), or lansoprazole 30 mg b.d. (LAC; 93 patients). H. pylori infection at entry, and eradication 4-6 weeks after therapy had ended, were assessed by rapid urease test and histology on biopsies from the antrum and the corpus. When eradication did not occur, patients were given a 2-week treatment comprising ranitidine bismuth citrate 400 mg b.d., tetracycline 500 mg t.d.s. and tinidazole 500 mg b.d. (RBTT). Eradication in these patients was assessed 4-6 weeks after conclusion of treatment by a further endoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients were lost to the follow-up. At the end of the first course of treatment, the overall H. pylori eradication rate was 78% (95% CI: 73-83) and 79% (95% CI: 75-84) at 'intention-to-treat' (ITT) and 'per protocol' (PP) analysis, respectively, without any statistically significant difference between treatment regimens, although a trend for better results with the omeprazole combination was observed. Moreover, H. pylori eradication was achieved in 82% (95% CI: 75-97) (ITT) and 86% (95% CI: 69-94) (PP) of 38 patients re-treated with RBTT regimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data found that this short-term triple therapy is not a satisfactory treatment (< 80% eradication rate) for H. pylori infection. The 2-week triple therapy used as re-treatment in eradication failure patients yielded more promising results.
authors: Department of Clinical Medicine, Gastroenterology II, 'La Sapienza' University, Rome, Italy.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Rinaldi
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Zullo
authors: V
authors: V
authors: De Francesco
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Hassan
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Winn
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Stoppino
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Faleo
authors: A F
authors: AF
authors: Attili
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001729:Bismuth / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects*; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; C073340:ranitidine bismuth citrate; D011899:Ranitidine; D001729:Bismuth