title: Comparison of gamma-aminobutyric acid effects in different parts of the cat ileum.
abstract: The effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and those of a GABA(A) (muscimol) and a GABA(B) (baclofen) receptor agonists were determined on the spontaneous activity of longitudinally or circularly oriented preparations (segments) isolated from terminal, proximal and distal parts of the cat ileum. GABA applied at 1 microM to 2 mM caused dose-dependent biphasic changes (relaxation and contraction) in spontaneous activity of the longitudinal and circular layers in the terminal and distal parts of the cat ileum and monophasic changes (contraction) in the proximal part. The potency of GABA to elicit relaxant and/or contractile effects in different parts of the ileum showed a proximal-to-terminal increasing pattern. In the longitudinal layer of the distal and terminal ileum, muscimol (100 microM) mimicked the relaxation phase of the GABA effect, while baclofen (100 microM) simulated the contractile phase. Bicuculline, atropine and tetrodotoxin abolished GABA- and muscimol-induced relaxation and suppressed, but failed to prevent GABA- and baclofen-induced contractions. In addition, 2-hydroxysaclofen antagonized the baclofen-induced contractile effect, reduced the GABA-induced contractile phase but failed to prevent GABA- and muscimol-induced relaxation. In the circular layer of the same regions, muscimol mimicked the biphasic GABA effects, while baclofen was without effect. Bicuculline, atropine and tetrodotoxin completely prevented the GABA- and muscimol effects, while 2-hydroxysaclofen failed to antagonize them. In the longitudinal and circular layers of the proximal ileum, muscimol (100 microM) exerted a 'GABA-like' transient contractile effect, while baclofen (100 microM) did not elicit any response. Bicuculline, atropine and tetrodotoxin antagonized the GABA- and muscimol-induced contractile responses of longitudinal and circular layers, while 2-hydroxysaclofen was ineffective. The results suggested that the inhibitory and/or excitatory action of GABA on cholinergic transmission in different regions of cat ileum varies along an increasing gradient towards the terminal ileum and is mediated by GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors in the terminal and distal ileum and by GABA(A) receptors in the proximal ileum.
authors: Institute of Physiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia. nevena@iph.bio.bas.bg
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Pencheva
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Itzev
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Milanov
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001418:Baclofen / Q000494:pharmacology; D001640:Bicuculline / Q000494:pharmacology; D002415:Cats; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018756:GABA Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009118:Muscimol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018755:GABA Agonists; D018756:GABA Antagonists; D009118:Muscimol; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D001285:Atropine; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D001418:Baclofen; D001640:Bicuculline