title: Top down, bottom up.
authors: University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Bloomfield
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Coombs
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Owen
mesh_terms: D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D005377:Financial Management, Hospital / Q000639:trends*; D006295:Health Resources / Q000458:organization & administration; D006751:Hospital Information Systems / Q000191:economics*; D007349:Insurance, Health, Reimbursement; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized; D010350:Patient Credit and Collection; D006113:United Kingdom; D014481:United States