title: Apraclonidine 0.5% versus brimonidine 0.2% for the control of intraocular pressure elevation following anterior segment laser procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Both apraclonidine hydrochloride 0.5% and brimonidine tartrate 0.5% are potent alpha-2 agonists, effective in controlling the intraocular pressure (IOP) rise following argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT). Brimonidine has recently become available commercially as a 0.2% solution. Our goal in this study was to compare the efficacy and side effect profile of 0.2% brimonidine to that of 0.5% apraclonidine in the prevention of IOP spikes following anterior segment laser procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing argon laser trabeculoplasty, Nd:Yag peripheral iridectomy or posterior capsulotomy were prospectively randomized to receive either apraclonidine 0.5% or brimonidine 0.2%, approximately 10 minutes prior to laser surgery. Intraocular pressure was measured by a masked observer, using Goldmann applanation tonometry, before and 1 hour after the treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  51 ALTs, 21 peripheral iridectomies, and 13 posterior capsulotomies were performed. The incidence of an IOP rise greater than 5 mmHg was 3/43 (7.0%) in the brimonidine group and 0/42 (0%) in the apraclonidine group (P = 0.08, chi-squared). There were no IOP elevations greater than 8 mmHg. All IOP rises of greater than 5 mmHg occurred in the ALT sub-group, and within this sub-group, the mean change in IOP from pre- to post-op was -4.00 +/- 5.87 in the brimonidine group versus -4.29 +/- 3.86 in the apraclonidine group (P = 0.84). There was a statistically significant decrease in IOP from baseline in both drug groups (P < .0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both drugs are highly effective in controlling IOP spikes following anterior segment laser procedures. There is a tendency toward higher risk of IOP rise following argon laser trabeculoplasty with 0.2% brimonidine as compared to 0.5% apraclonidine, however, this was not statistically significant.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: R L
authors: RL
authors: Chevrier
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Assalian
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Duperré
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Lesk
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000601:surgery*; D000068438:Brimonidine Tartrate; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014130:Trabeculectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011810:Quinoxalines; D000068438:Brimonidine Tartrate; C016986:apraclonidine; D003000:Clonidine