title: Thermal and metabolic responses of women with high fat versus low fat body composition during exposure to 5 and 27 degrees C for 120 min.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Men with high fat body composition maintain higher core temperatures, and lower aerobic metabolic rates than their low fat counterparts thus, verifying the insulatory benefit of body fat. Females, on average have more body fat and less muscle mass than males, and may maintain rectal temperature (Tre) at a lower energy cost.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present investigation dichotomized female subjects by percent fat (low fat; n = 3, LF = 19.2+/-3% vs. high fat; n = 4 HF: 29.9+/-3%) to elucidate the thermal and metabolic responses during acute exposure to 5 and 27 degrees C air for 120 min. An ANOVA was used to examine the following: Tre (degrees C), mean skin temperature (Tsk; degrees C), oxygen consumption (VO2; ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and tissue insulation (I; degrees C x m2 x W(-1)). For Tre, a significant fat x time interaction (p < 0.05) was demonstrated at both 5 and 27 degrees C, whereby Tre tended to be lower in the LF group than the HF group. VO2 at 5 degrees C demonstrated a main effect for time only. For I, a main effect for time was noted at 5 degrees C. Also for I, a trend (p = 0.06) toward a main effect of fat during exposure to 5 degrees C was noted while at 27 degrees C a main effect (p < 0.05) was demonstrated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From this data it appears that under these conditions, the HF group demonstrated higher Tre and I values than their LF counterparts that was not accompanied with a differential response with respect to aerobic metabolic rate. Thus, the impact of body composition on energy expenditure to maintain Tre differs between LF and HF males and females.
authors: Kent State University, Exercise Sciences Laboratory, OH 44242-0001, USA.
authors: E L
authors: EL
authors: Glickman-Weiss
authors: A G
authors: AG
authors: Nelson
authors: C M
authors: CM
authors: Hearon
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Prisby
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Caine
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001823:Body Composition; D001831:Body Temperature; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010101:Oxygen Consumption