title: Polygenic expression of somatostatin in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: evidence of a preprosomatostatin encoding somatostatin-14.
abstract: Previously we reported the existence of two distinct cDNAs in rainbow trout that encode for separate preprosomatostatins (PPSS), each containing [Tyr7, Gly10]-somatostatin-14. In the present study, we used rainbow trout to further characterize the polygenic origin of somatostatins (SSs), a peptide hormone important in the regulation of growth, development, and metabolism of vertebrates. A two-phase rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)-PCR was used for the isolation of selected cDNAs. We amplified and sequenced a ca. 350-bp 3' RACE-PCR fragment. Based upon this sequence we designed a second gene-specific primer for 5' RACE-PCR which yielded a 452-bp fragment. Sequence analysis revealed a 745-bp cDNA containing the complete 5'-untranslated region, a single initiation site 118 bases from the most 5' end, and a single putative polyadenylation site 17 bases from the most 3' end that was terminated with a polyadenylated tail. The deduced protein is a 114-amino acid PPSS molecule that contains a number of putative processing sites, potentially yielding a 26-amino acid peptide that could be processed further to a 14-amino acid peptide identical in structure to mammalian SS-14. Northern analysis revealed that PPSS-I was expressed in the pancreas, stomach, intestine, and brain of rainbow trout. These results suggest a polygenic origin of SS, possibly resulting from gene duplication events prior to the divergence of teleosts.
authors: Department of Zoology and Regulatory Biosciences Center, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105, USA.
authors: J D
authors: JD
authors: Kittilson
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Moore
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Sheridan
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique / Q000662:veterinary; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D011498:Protein Precursors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013004:Somatostatin