[Screening, prediction and prevention of type 1 diabetes. Role of the Belgian Diabetes Registry].
Since 1989, all incident cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus and their first-degree relatives younger than 40 years are entered in the Belgian Diabetes Registry (BDR). The incidence of type 1 diabetes is 11.8/100,000 in subjects younger than 15 years and 8.9/100,000 in subjects aged 15 to 40 years. Before 15 years of age, the cases are evenly divided between males and females, whereas in the older group the male-to-female ratio is 1.7. The median duration of symptoms at diagnosis is 3 weeks in patients younger than 15 years versus 8 weeks in those aged 15 to 40 years. The data of the BDR suggest that type 1 diabetes may be more "aggressive" in children than in adults. Autoantibodies are detectable before and during the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes. Over 90% of patients with type 1 diabetes have at least one type of autoantibody directed to beta-cell antigens. However, the nature of biological markers present at clinical onset tends to vary with age. Detection of autoantibodies in first-degree relatives of patients allows to diagnose the disease at a preclinical stage and to evaluate relatively safe preventive interventions in high-risk subjects. Several international studies in this area have been started.
Dorchy
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Clinique de Diabétologie, H.U.D.E.R.F., U.L.B.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D001530:Belgium / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012042:Registries; D017678:Sex Distribution
D015415:Biomarkers