title: Hospital and physician joint venture IPAs threaten HMOs.
authors: D E
authors: DE
authors: Johnson
mesh_terms: D004465:Economic Competition / Q000639:trends; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations / Q000191:economics*; D006739:Hospital Administration / Q000191:economics*; D006759:Hospital-Physician Joint Ventures / Q000191:economics*; D007193:Independent Practice Associations / Q000191:economics*; D011331:Private Practice / Q000191:economics*; D014481:United States