title: GDNF family ligands and receptors are differentially regulated after brain insults in the rat.
abstract: Expression of mRNAs for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurturin (NTN) and their receptors was studied in adult rat brain using in situ hybridization after 40 kindling-evoked, rapidly recurring seizures or 10 min of global forebrain ischaemia. Following seizures, GDNF and NTN mRNAs were elevated in dentate granule cells, and c-Ret mRNA in hilar neurons and non-pyramidal cells in CA1 and CA3 regions. GFRalpha-1 mRNA levels showed more widespread increases in the dentate granule cell layer and hilus, CA1 and CA3 pyramidal layers, basolateral amygdala and parietal cortex. The expression of GFRalpha-2 mRNA increased in the piriform cortex and decreased in the CA1 region and basolateral amygdala. Forebrain ischaemia induced elevated expression of GDNF mRNA in dentate granule cells, GFRalpha-1 mRNA in the dentate granule cell layer, hilus and CA3 pyramidal layer, and GFRalpha-2 mRNA in the parietal cortex. The gene expression patterns observed here suggest that GDNF and NTN may act as target-derived factors, but also in an autocrine or paracrine manner. GFRalpha-1 can be coexpressed with GFRalpha-2 and c-Ret mRNAs in the same hippocampal or thalamic neurons, but other neurons contain GFRalpha-1 alone or together with c-Ret mRNA. The gene expression changes for the ligands, and the receptor components are region-, cell- and insult-specific, and occur independently of each other, mainly within 24 h after seizures or ischaemia. This dynamic regulation of GDNF and NTN circuits primarily at the receptor level may be important for the effectiveness of neuroprotective responses but could also trigger plastic changes, e.g. those underlying the development of epileptic syndromes.
authors: Section of Restorative Neurology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. zaza.kokaia@neurol.lu.se
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Kokaia
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Airaksinen
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Nanobashvili
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Larsson
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Kujamäki
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Lindvall
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Saarma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D051097:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D005810:Multigene Family; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000098:blood supply; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D012640:Seizures / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C495041:Gdnf protein, rat; C494989:Gfra1 protein, rat; C494992:Gfra2 protein, rat; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D051097:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C416649:Ret protein, Drosophila; C495001:Ret protein, rat