TAKs, thylakoid membrane protein kinases associated with energy transduction.
The phosphorylation of proteins within the eukaryotic photosynthetic membrane is thought to regulate a number of photosynthetic processes in land plants and algae. Both light quality and intensity influence protein kinase activity via the levels of reductants produced by the thylakoid electron transport chain. We have isolated a family of proteins called TAKs, Arabidopsis thylakoid membrane threonine kinases that phosphorylate the light harvesting complex proteins. TAK activity is enhanced by reductant and is associated with the photosynthetic reaction center II and the cytochrome b6f complex. TAKs are encoded by a gene family that has striking similarity to transforming growth factor beta receptors of metazoans. Thus thylakoid protein phosphorylation may be regulated by a cascade of reductant-controlled membrane-bound protein kinases.
Snyders
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Developmental, Cell and Molecular Biology Group, Botany Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
Kohorn
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D030201:Activin Receptors, Type I; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis; D003573:Cytochrome b Group / Q000378:metabolism; D045346:Cytochrome b6f Complex; D004735:Energy Transfer; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D000099151:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 7
D030201:Activin Receptors, Type I; D003573:Cytochrome b Group; D045346:Cytochrome b6f Complex; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D000099151:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 7