Safety of preoperation endoscopic tattoo with india ink for identification of colonic lesions.
BACKGROUND
Colonic tattooing with india ink is a widely practiced technique regarded as safe, accurate, and reliable. In this series, the largest reported, the safety of this technique is studied.


METHODS
A retrospective study of 8,125 consecutive patients who undersent colonoscopy over a 64-month period was conducted. India ink colonic mucosal tattooing was used for either preoperative marking or future endoscopic identification of a lesion.


RESULTS
During the study, 195 patients underwent endoscopic injection of india ink. Of these, 50 patients were marked before surgery, and 145 underwent marking with the intent of facilitating future endoscopic localization. Patients were followed by either telephone interviews or physical examination. None of the patients developed fever, persistent abdominal pain, or abdominal tenderness on examination. All surgeons were interviewed. They uniformly reported the tattoo as intensely visible and of great utility in locating the lesions.


CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative mucosal tattooing with india ink is recommended as a safe and necessary procedure.
McArthur
C S
CS
Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Medical Center, 650 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Roayaie
S
S
Waye
J D
JD
D002244:Carbon; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000601:surgery*; D003113:Colonoscopy; D004396:Coloring Agents; D006801:Humans; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013653:Tattooing / Q000379:methods*
D004396:Coloring Agents; C028433:chinese ink; D002244:Carbon