title: Respiratory change in size of honeycombing: inspiratory and expiratory spiral volumetric CT analysis of 97 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was twofold: to evaluate the change in size of honeycomb cysts with respiration using inspiratory-expiratory spiral volumetric CT (I-E SVCT) and to establish the pathologic basis of this change.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven patients, who had honeycombing associated with end-stage pulmonary fibrosis on end-inspiratory 1 to 2 mm collimation high-resolution CT (HRCT), underwent I-E SVCT (3 mm collimation, pitch 1, breath-hold time 20 s, reconstruction interval 1 mm, FOV 16-20 cm, high frequency algorithm). I-E SVCT scans were assessed on images obtained in the transverse plane and volumetric sagittal, coronal, and oblique reformations. The histologic findings were assessed in four inflated and fixed lungs that showed honeycombing at postmortem HRCT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 63 patients (65%), a small percentage of the cysts did not change in size at end-expiration, while in the remaining patients, all the cysts decreased in size. Assessment of volumetric multiplanar reformations showed that cysts that decreased in size during exhalation communicated with airways and represented bronchiolectasis rather than true cysts, while the other cysts did not communicate with the airways. Similar findings were found in pathologic specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of, but not all, honeycomb cysts seen on HRCT represent dilated bronchioles that communicate with the proximal airways and change in size with respiration.
authors: Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Johkoh
authors: N L
authors: NL
authors: Müller
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Ichikado
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Yoshida
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Honda
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Mihara
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Higashi
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Tomiyama
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Nakamura
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Nagareda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012119:Respiration; D012907:Smoking / Q000503:physiopathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data