title: The relationship between stress-coping and vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to assess whether menopausal women with vasomotor symptoms had a lower stress-coping than menopausal women without symptoms and if stress-coping changed when vasomotor symptoms had been effectively treated with estrogens. The objective was also to assess whether menopausal women, effectively treated for vasomotor symptoms, had a higher neuroticism score than women without such symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of physically and mentally healthy postmenopausal women were recruited from the outpatient clinic at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Linköping, Sweden. Sixteen women with vasomotor symptoms (target group) were treated with oral 17 beta-estradiol, 2 mg/day during 3 months. A comparison group was formed comprising 17 women without vasomotor symptoms. The Kupperman Index was used to cover menopausal characteristics in all women at baseline as well as at the second visit after 3 months. Stress-coping was measured by means of the Stress Coping Inventory, which is an instrument developed to measure of the individual's appraisal of having adaptive resources for handling stressful situations. At the second visit all women were also asked to complete the Eysenck Personality Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women in the target group had a significantly lower stress-coping than women in the comparison group at baseline as well as after 3 months. Stress-coping did not change after estrogen therapy, although the vasomotor symptoms had virtually disappeared. Women in the target group successfully treated for vasomotor symptoms, had a significantly higher neuroticism score compared to the comparison group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences in behaviour patterns and personality are probably two reasons why some women report or seek advice due to vasomotor symptoms and some women do not. Stress-coping in women with moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms is unaffected by estrogens.
authors: Department of Health and Environment, University Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping, Sweden.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Nedstrand
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Wijma
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Lindgren
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Hammar
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D004958:Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009497:Neurotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol