Using stories to assess values and establish medical directives.
While still developing in Germany, a consensus has emerged in the United States on the use of advance directives for guiding future medical decision making. This article outlines three phases in the evolution of advance directive forms--the legal phase, the checklist phase, and the story phase. The story-based approach is discussed as the best method for assessing patient values and incorporating them into advance directives, and a story-based advance directive form, which has been developed and tested during the past two years, is presented.
Kielstein
R
R
Department of Internal Medicine, Medizinische Akademie Magdeburg.
Sass
H M
HM
D016223:Advance Directives / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003625:Data Collection; D005568:Forms and Records Control; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D008960:Models, Psychological; D026706:Paternalism; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D011996:Records; D012945:Social Values; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D014481:United States; D028761:Withholding Treatment