Clinical efficacy of nebulized drugs.
There is a mandatory need for effortless drug administration to young children since the prevalence among them of recurrent wheezing is a 15-20%.  It is becoming increasingly evident that many of these children respond dramatically well to beta2-agonists and topical steroids; accordingly this sub-group of children should be treated as asthmatics.  The dose of topical steroids is critical as opposed to that of beta2-agonists which are often administered in doses well above the minimal effective dose.  Budesonide suspension has proven its efficacy in adults in a study of 21 patients with asthma treated with budesonide suspension delivered from a nebulizer activated during inspiration versus metered dose inhalation (MDI) via a large-volume spacer.  Nebulized in this manner the suspension exhibited a dose-dependent effect, apparently equipotent to the MDI administration as evaluated from daily peak expiratory flow measurements and symptom scoring.  Continuous nebulization of budesonide in 18 schoolchildren with bronchial asthma similarly showed a dose-dependent improvement of lung function and symptom score, though in a 1:2 potency ratio as compared to MDI administration, probably due to loss of nebulized aerosol during expiration.  In a subsequent study of 23 young children unresponsive to beta2-agonist therapy, nebulized budesonide was without demonstrable effect.  Recently, a study of 31 young children with steroid-dependent asthma demonstrated a significant improvement from continuous nebulization of budesonide 1mg twice daily.  In conclusion, the efficacy of nebulized budesonide has been convincingly demonstrated in patients with reversible symptoms of asthma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Department of Paediatrics, State University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Bisgaard
D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D016896:Treatment Outcome