Recent health policy initiatives in Nordic countries.
Health care systems in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark are in the midst of substantial organizational reconfiguration. Although retaining their tax-based single source financing arrangements, they have begun experiments that introduce a limited measure of competitive behavior in the delivery of health services. The emphasis has been on restructuring public operated hospitals and health centers into various forms of public firms, rather than on the privatization of ownership of institutions. If successful, the reforms will enable these Nordic countries to combine their existing macroeconomic controls with enhanced microeconomic efficiency, effectiveness, and responsiveness to patients.
Saltman
R B
RB
Division of Health Policy and Management, Emory School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30329.
D003284:Contract Services; D003363:Cost Control; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003718:Denmark; D004465:Economic Competition / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005381:Financing, Organized / Q000379:methods; D005387:Finland; D006291:Health Policy / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends*; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000191:economics* / Q000639:trends; D010358:Patient Participation; D010820:Physicians / Q000191:economics; D017149:Private Sector; D017150:Public Sector; D013548:Sweden