Pitfalls in the display of color Doppler jet areas: combined variability due to Doppler angle, frame rate, and scanning direction.
The Doppler color jet area depicting a regurgitant or shunt lesion may be useful in estimating its severity.  However, color jet area may be affected by technical factors.  We studied the combined effects of Doppler angle, frame rate, and scanning direction on the Doppler color jet area of a free jet with 10-mL injection.


RESULTS
(1) Angle effects: color flow area was 11.7 +/- 2.0 cm2 at a Doppler angle of 20 degrees , and 2.3 +/- 1.2 cm2 at an angle of 60 degrees , when other parameters were kept constant (frame rate = 12 frames/sec, reverse scanning direction).  (2) Frame rate effects: with other parameters kept constant (Doppler angle = 20 degrees , reverse scanning direction), color flow area was 11.7 +/- 2.0 cm2 at a rate of 12 frames/sec and 6.5 +/- 1.8 cm2 at 6 frames/sec.  (3) Scanning direction effects: with other parameters kept constant (Doppler angle = 20 degrees , frame rate = 9 frames/sec), color flow area was 7.3 +/- 1.1 cm2 with scanning in the reverse direction, and 20.5 +/- 1.6 cm2 with scanning in the forward direction. (4) Combined effects: In our in vitro studies, the maximum color flow area was 20.5 +/- 1.6 cm2, and the minimum area was 1.5 +/- 0.2 cm2 (nearly twelve-fold).


CONCLUSIONS
Doppler color jet area correlated inversely with Doppler angle (P less than 0.01) and directly with frame rate (P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Utsunomiya
T
T
Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine.
Ogawa
T
T
King
S W
SW
Sunada
E
E
Lobodzinski
S M
SM
Henry
W L
WL
Gardin
J M
JM
D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014465:Ultrasonics