title: Potential problems associated with use of speech recognition products.
abstract: Commercial speech recognition products are being used increasingly as alternate input devices for computers, particularly by persons with physical disabilities. These discrete speech dictation systems require the user to insert brief but distinct pauses after each spoken word. Anecdotal evidence suggests that some persons using these products experience moderate to severe problems with their voices, such as hoarseness, sore throats, and even complete loss of voice. This preliminary study, which includes data gathered from survey dissemination and clinical studies, indicates that persons with cumulative trauma disorder may be the most susceptible to these voice problems. Also, we hypothesized that in using these discrete speech recognition systems, there may be a tendency to maintain constant pitch, volume, and inflection, keeping the vocal tract musculature in a fixed position. Maintaining this fixed position for extended periods may result in muscle fatigue and, eventually, injury to the laryngeal musculature. Further studies are needed, however, to investigate the effects suggested here. In the meantime, we recommend that users become informed about the unnatural speech patterns used with discrete speech recognition systems; learn to use good vocal hygiene, such as performing warm-up and cool-down voice exercises; and use alternate methods of input along with the speech recognition product.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Engineering Program, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kambeyanda
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cronk
mesh_terms: D001044:Aphonia / Q000209:etiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003199:Computer Systems; D003371:Cough / Q000209:etiology; D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000150:complications; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D006685:Hoarseness / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D007821:Laryngeal Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012984:Software; D013060:Speech; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000503:physiopathology; D014831:Voice / Q000502:physiology; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D014834:Voice Training