title: Hospital disaster operations during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study hospital disaster operations following a major United States disaster.
  
  
  METHODS
  Researchers interviewed all 51 hospital administrators and 49 of 51 emergency department (ED) charge nurses and emergency physicians who were on duty at the study hospitals during the 13-hour period immediately following the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 51 acute-care hospitals in the six northern California counties most affected by the Loma Prieta earthquake.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires and in-person interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequently noted problem was lack of communications within and among organizations. Hospitals received inadequate information about the disaster from local governmental agencies. Forty-three percent of hospitals had inadequate back-up power configurations, and five hospitals sustained total back-up generator failures. Twenty hospitals performed partial evacuations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Loma Prieta earthquake did not cause total disruption of hospital services. Hospitals need to work with local governmental agencies and internal hospital departments to improve disaster communications.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, San Francisco General Hospital, Emergency Medical Services Agency, Calif., USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martchenke
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Pointer
mesh_terms: D004189:Disaster Planning / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004190:Disasters; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006302:Health Services Research; D006739:Hospital Administration; D006747:Hospital Communication Systems; D006801:Humans; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012495:San Francisco; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires