title: High definition 3D ultrasound imaging.
abstract: We have demonstrated high definition and improved resolution using a novel scanning system integrated with a commercial ultrasound machine. The result is a volumetric 3D ultrasound data set that can be visualized using standard techniques. Unlike other 3D ultrasound images, image quality is improved from standard 2D data. Image definition and bandwidth is improved using patent pending techniques. The system can be used to image patients or wounded soldiers for general imaging of anatomy such as abdominal organs, extremities, and the neck. Although the risks associated with x-ray carcinogenesis are relatively low at diagnostic dose levels, concerns remain for individuals in high risk categories. In addition, cost and portability of CT and MRI machines can be prohibitive. In comparison, ultrasound can provide portable, low-cost, non-ionizing imaging. Previous clinical trials comparing ultrasound to CT were used to demonstrate qualitative and quantitative improvements of ultrasound using the Sandia technologies. Transverse leg images demonstrated much higher clarity and lower noise than is seen in traditional ultrasound images. An x-ray CT scan was provided of the same cross-section for comparison. The results of our most recent trials demonstrate the advantages of 3D ultrasound and motion compensation compared with 2D ultrasound. Metal objects can also be observed within the anatomy.
authors.affiliation: Intelligent Systems and Robotics Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-5800, USA.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Krumm
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kozlowski
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kuhlmann
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Dickey
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008887:Military Medicine; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging