Behavior change at the worksite: does social support make a difference?
OBJECTIVE
This study examines whether social support for behavior change at work is associated with changes in employee heart disease risk factors.


METHODS
A prospective correlational design was used with data sets collected 12 months apart.


METHODS
Twenty-five small to medium worksites in Oregon. SUBJECTS. Participants were 689 men and 421 women volunteers who participated in two health assessments at the worksite on company time.


METHODS
Demographic characteristics, gender, social support, smoking behavior, dietary fat intake, and total blood cholesterol.


RESULTS
Employees reporting strong social support at work for not smoking and for limiting dietary fat were less likely to smoke (r = -.11, odds ratio [OR] = .86) and to consume fat in their diets (r = -.10) at baseline. Employees who reported the most change in social support over a 12-month period were most likely to have stopped smoking (r = .15, OR = 1.31). Social support at baseline, however, was unrelated to change in smoking, dietary fat, or total blood cholesterol in a prospective design. Although women reported more social support at work than did men, no differential gender effects of social support were reported on heart disease risk status or change in risk status.


CONCLUSIONS
Baseline social support at work did not predict future behavior change. The observed association between social support and lifestyle may be better explained as cognitive rationalization than by the impact of social support on behavior.
Terborg
J R
JR
Lindquist College of Business Administration, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403-1208, USA.
Hibbard
J
J
Glasgow
R E
RE
D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009922:Oregon; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D012944:Social Support; D014937:Work / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data