title: Near infrared spectroscopy during and after cardiac arrest--preliminary results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate if regional cerebrovascular oxygen saturation (rSO2) is linked to systemic oxygenation and if impaired regional cerebral oxygenation affects outcome in cardiac arrest patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Emergency department of a University Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients during cardiac arrest or after restoration of spontaneous circulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  To measure rSO2 an infrared light-emitting probe was applied to the patient's forehead after arrival in the emergency department. Data were collected continuously together with blood pressure and pulse oximetry. Each variable measured immediately after arrival was used for calculation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Best outcome (cerebral performance category) or death within one week.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regional SO2 was measured in 18 consecutive patients. Six patients presented with cardiac arrest on arrival and rSO2 was measured during chest compression. Twelve patients had achieved restoration of spontaneous circulation before they arrived in the emergency department. No association was found between rSO2 and pulse oximetry or rSO2 and blood pressure. All patients surviving for one week (n = 9) achieved a significantly higher median rSO2 on arrival than nonsurvivors (n = 9) (63% and 46%, respectively; p = 0.003). Median rSO2 was lower in the group arriving without spontaneous circulation (n = 6) than in patients after restoration of spontaneous circulation (n = 12) (44% and 63%, respectively; p = 0.009). This difference was not found in pulse oximetry readings. Patients with restoration of spontaneous circulation surviving the first week after cardiac arrest (n = 8) had a higher rSO2 than patients with restoration of spontaneous circulation who did not survive (n = 4) (65% and 48%, respectively). Time from restoration of spontaneous circulation to arrival was not different between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By showing that low rSO2 readings after cardiac arrest are associated with a higher mortality, this new, non-invasive and easily applicable technique might help to prognosticate outcome and offers new insights into monitoring cerebral oxygenation after cardiac arrest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Vienna General Hospital, University of Vienna Medical School, Austria.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müllner
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sterz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Binder
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hirschl
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Janata
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Laggner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010092:Oximetry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D016019:Survival Analysis