title: The paradox of being unique and ubiquitous: the nature of surfaces.
abstract: The surfaces of biomaterials are extremely important, but it is far from clear exactly which characteristics of material surfaces control medical device performance. This article discusses some of the classical features of surfaces that may be involved, including surface chemistry and energy.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Engineering Department, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004864:Equipment and Supplies / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D013499:Surface Properties