title: Transesophageal echocardiography in pericardial disease and tamponade.
abstract: While most pericardial disorders can be imaged by transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography may be required in those cases where pericardial pathology is clinically suspected, but cannot be imaged adequately with transthoracic echocardiography. Transesophageal echocardiography is especially helpful in patients after heart or chest surgery, with cardiac compression by a loculated pericardial hematoma, in patients with dissection, endocarditis, or interatrial shunting associated with pericardial effusion, in patients with pericardial tumors, and in the differential diagnosis between constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kronzon
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tunick
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Freedberg
mesh_terms: D002305:Cardiac Tamponade / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D006801:Humans; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010493:Pericarditis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging