title: Clock tests in depression, Alzheimer's disease, and elderly controls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While clock-drawing tests are commonly used to screen for cognitive impairment in the elderly, little is known about the performance of elderly depressives.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared thirty-three patients with major depression to forty-two Alzheimer's disease and thirty age-matched controls on clock-drawing, copying, and reading.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with Alzheimer's disease had significantly lower scores on clock-drawing, copying, and reading than patients with depression or the controls (p < 0.05). Patients with depression did not differ significantly from controls on quantitative scores or qualitative errors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clock tests may be useful for identifying depressed patients with underlying dementia.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Herrmann
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Kidron
authors: K I
authors: KI
authors: Shulman
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Kaplan
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Binns
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Leach
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Freedman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged / Q000523:psychology*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013998:Time Perception