Apoptosis control by death and decoy receptors.
The death receptors Fas and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) trigger apoptosis upon engagement by their cognate death ligands. Recently, researchers have discovered several novel homologues of Fas and TNFR1: DR 3, 4, 5, and 6 function as death receptors that signal apoptosis, whereas DcR 1, 2, and 3 act as decoys that compete with specific death receptors for ligand binding. Further, mouse gene knockout studies have enabled researchers to delineate some of the signaling pathways that connect death receptors to the cell's apoptotic machinery.
Ashkenazi
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Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
Dixit
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D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000502:physiology*; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008954:Models, Biological; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D053320:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 10c; D053323:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 6b; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000502:physiology*
D015703:Antigens, CD; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins; C486432:Dedd protein, mouse; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C505658:Fasl protein, mouse; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053320:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 10c; D053323:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 6b; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C108661:TNFRSF10C protein, human; C505911:TNFRSF6B protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; C505654:Tnfsf10 protein, mouse; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C084083:Fad7 protein, Arabidopsis; D011494:Protein Kinases; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; C505526:Casp8 protein, mouse; C506434:Casp9 protein, mouse; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases