Developmental stages and spiritual coping responses among economically impoverished women living with HIV disease.
Identifies environmental markers, situational appraisals, perceived ability to mediate situations and outcomes, primary coping strategies, and purposes served by religion and spirituality in 10 HIV-positive women recruited from a regional health care clinic. Findings indicated that the women experienced a disintegration of family during their early developmental years, yielding feelings of hopelessness and isolation; that their sexual development was marked by rape and incest, and their early adulthood was characterized by failed relationships, pregnancies, drugs, and alcohol. Reports that the women's religious influences were predominantly maternal and provided a model for intercessory prayer. Notes that prior to their diagnosis of HIV, participants described their coping as escapist, while after diagnosis they believed there was a divine intercession renewing their spiritual growth and connectedness with others. Reports that the women's personal spirituality was greatly influenced by prayer, television ministries, and reading the Bible. Suggests the interventions that actively recruit women into social support services, health care systems, and faith congregations are needed and that television ministries may serve as access points for connecting women with necessary services.
Somlai
A M
AM
Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA.
Heckman
T G
TG
Hackl
K
K
Morgan
M
M
Welsh
D
D
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008016:Life Change Events; D010327:Pastoral Care; D011203:Poverty; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012803:Sick Role; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012944:Social Support; D014481:United States; D016387:Women's Health