title: Spatial distribution of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 mRNA in chronic liver disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, a specific inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis and tumor progression. However, the precise expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 messenger RNA in human hepatic fibrosis has not yet been defined. We investigated the spatial distribution of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 messenger RNA in chronic human liver disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Northern and in situ hybridization of probes to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 messenger RNA were performed in specimens from 16 surgically resected human livers. Immunohistochemical staining of sections for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and immunoelectron microscopy were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Northern hybridization demonstrated that expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 messenger RNA was increased 3.9-fold in mild chronic hepatitis, 6.8-fold in moderate chronic hepatitis, and 6.4-fold in cirrhosis, compared with control liver. In situ hybridization showed the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 messenger RNA in spindle-shaped cells in the fibrous septa and lobules in chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis; these cells were immunohistochemically positive for a-smooth muscle actin. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed localization of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in between fibers, to the rough endoplasmic reticula of stellate cells located in the lobules and periportal areas, and to fibroblasts in the fibrous septa. These results indicate that tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 was produced mainly by stellate cells in the specimens of chronic liver diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 messenger RNA is increased in hepatic fibrosis and stellate cells are involved primarily in its expression.
authors: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Yata
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Takahara
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Furui
authors: L P
authors: LP
authors: Zhang
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Jin
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1