title: Prevalence of paraesophageal varices and gastric varices in patients achieving variceal obliteration by banding ligation and by injection sclerotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The impact of banding ligation and injection sclerotherapy on paraesophageal varices and gastric varices has received scarce attention. We conducted a study using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) to visualize paraesophageal varices and gastric varices in patients who underwent sclerotherapy and banding ligation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with esophageal variceal bleeding whose varices were obliterated by ligation (44 patients) and by sclerotherapy (35 patients) were enrolled. EUS was used to compare the prevalences of paraesophageal varices and gastric varices between the treatment groups. The correlation between paraesophageal varices and esophageal variceal recurrence and recurrent bleeding was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of paraesophageal varices was 86% in the ligation group compared with 51% in the sclerotherapy group (p = 0.002). The prevalence of gastric varices was slightly higher in the ligation group than in the sclerotherapy group (43% vs. 26%, p = 0.18). Esophageal varices recurred in 70% of the ligation group and 43% of the sclerotherapy group (p = 0.04). Patients in both groups with more severe paraesophageal varices had a significantly higher rate of variceal recurrence (p = 0.002 in ligation group and p = 0.001 in sclerotherapy group). Bleeding recurred in 6 patients in the ligation group and 4 patients in the sclerotherapy group. All patients with recurrent bleeding had paraesophageal varices. The rate of recurrent bleeding was significantly higher in patients with paraesophageal varices (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EUS was helpful in the imaging of paraesophageal and gastric varices after sclerotherapy or banding ligation. Paraesophageal varices were more frequently noted in patients undergoing ligation. The presence of paraesophageal varices may predict the recurrence of esophageal varices and recurrent bleeding.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors: G H
authors: GH
authors: Lo
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Lai
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Cheng
authors: R L
authors: RL
authors: Huang
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Wang
authors: H T
authors: HT
authors: Chiang
mesh_terms: D019160:Endosonography; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D012981:Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D012981:Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate