title: Immediate complications of local anesthetic administered to 1,007 consecutive patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Probably the most common procedure in dentistry is the administration of local anesthetic, or LA. Immediate complications of LA administration include positive blood aspiration, blanching of the tissue and burning sensation on impingement of the nerve. Because studies about the immediate complications of LA administration were conducted before 1980, more recent data regarding this procedure are needed.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study, an experienced dentist administered, 2,528 LA injections to 1,007 consecutive patients with 1-inch 27-gauge needles, using a solution of 2 percent lidocaine and 1:100,000 nordefrine hydrochloride.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors observed positive blood aspiration in 73 injections (2.9 percent) without any further complications. The most severe immediate complication-syncope-occurred only in one case. In 63 injections (2.5 percent), the dentist touched the nerve, and the patient reported feeling an electric current sensation (40 times with inferior alveolar nerve blocks, 18 times with lingual nerve blocks, four times with mental nerve blocks and one time with a second injection to the same site) without any further complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results confirm that LA injections that are properly carried out appear to be safer today than they were in the past.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LA is a safe procedure when the appropriate technique is used. It is even safer when an inferior alveolar nerve block is administered.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gabriela and Maurice Goldshleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel.
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Lustig
authors: S P
authors: SP
authors: Zusman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002610:Cheek / Q000294:innervation; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D001239:Inhalation; D007267:Injections / Q000009:adverse effects; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008036:Lingual Nerve; D008297:Male; D008340:Mandibular Nerve; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009915:Orbit / Q000294:innervation; D010159:Palate / Q000294:innervation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013575:Syncope / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine