title: Brown adipose tissue triacylglycerol synthesis in rats adapted to a high-protein, carbohydrate-free diet.
abstract: Adaptation of rats to a high-protein, carbohydrate-free (HP) diet induced a marked reduction of brown adipose tissue (BAT) fatty acid (FA) synthesis from both 3H2O and [14C]glucose in vivo, with pronounced decreases in the activities of four enzymes associated with lipogenesis: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, citrate lyase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. In both HP-adapted and control rats, in vivo incorporation of 3H2O and [14C]glucose into BAT glyceride-glycerol was much higher than into FA. It could be estimated that most of the glycerol synthetized was used to esterify preformed FA. Glycerol synthesis from nonglucose sources (glyceroneogenesis) was increased in BAT from HP rats, as evidenced by an increased capacity of tissue fragments to incorporate [1-14C]pyruvate into glycerol and by a fourfold increase in the activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity, a key glyceroneogenic enzyme. The data suggest that high rates of glyceroneogenesis and of esterification of preformed FA in BAT from HP-adapted rats are essential for preservation of tissue lipid stores, necessary for heat generation when BAT is recruited in nonshivering thermogenesis.
authors: Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: M N
authors: MN
authors: Brito
authors: N A
authors: NA
authors: Brito
authors: S R
authors: SR
authors: Brito
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Moura
authors: N H
authors: NH
authors: Kawashita
authors: I C
authors: IC
authors: Kettelhut
authors: R H
authors: RH
authors: Migliorini
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004798:Enzymes; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases