title: The performance of spinal anesthesia is marginally more difficult in the elderly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine if spinal anesthesia is more difficult to perform in the elderly.
  
  
  METHODS
  All spinal anesthetics administered over 18 months by 18 anesthesiologists were eligible. We excluded anesthetics for hip fractures and cesarean deliveries. We recorded time to completion, number of spinal needles used, and number of approaches. The patients were prospectively divided into three age categories: patients <50 years of age (group 1); 50-70 years of age (group 2); and >70 years of age (group 3). Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine hundred and ninety-nine anesthetics were analyzed. There were 368, 336, and 295 entries in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Although the mean +/- SD (in min) times to accomplish the spinal technique were not significantly different (4.3 +/- 4.1, 4.4 +/- 3.2, and 4.6 +/- 3.4 for groups 1, 2, and 3), there was a statistically greater frequency of more than one spinal needle used and more than one approach needed in the elderly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that patient age is a minor independent predictor of increased technical difficulty with spinal anesthesia.
authors: Department of Anaesthesia, The Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Tessler
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kardash
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Wahba
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Kleiman
authors: S T
authors: ST
authors: Trihas
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Rossignol
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005853:Geriatrics / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D011446:Prospective Studies