title: Prenatal substance exposure: effects on attention and impulsivity of 6-year-olds.
abstract: Attention and impulsivity of prenatally substance-exposed 6 year olds were assessed as part of a longitudinal study. Most of the women were light to moderate users of alcohol and marijuana who decreased their use after the first trimester of pregnancy. Tobacco was used by a majority of women and did not change during pregnancy. The women, recruited from a prenatal clinic, were of lower socio-economic status, and over half were African American. Attention and impulsivity were assessed using a Continuous Performance Task. Second and third trimester tobacco exposure and first trimester cocaine use predicted increased omission errors. Second trimester marijuana use predicted more commission errors and fewer omission errors. There were no significant effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. Lower Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale composite scores, male gender, and an adult male in the household also predicted more errors of commission. Lower SBIS composite scores, younger child age, maternal work/ school status, and higher maternal hostility scores predicted more omission errors. These findings indicate that prenatal substance use has an effect on attentional processes.
authors: Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA, USA.
authors: S L
authors: SL
authors: Leech
authors: G A
authors: GA
authors: Richardson
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Goldschmidt
authors: N L
authors: NL
authors: Day
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects*; D002188:Cannabis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000523:psychology*; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D012923:Social Class; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D000431:Ethanol