title: Bioequivalence study of two morphine extended release formulations after multiple dosing in healthy volunteers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Two extended release (ER) formulations of morphine sulphate (30 mg each), Oramorph SR (test) and a marketed reference formulation (MST Mundipharma Retardtabletten), were investigated for their relative bioavailability at steady-state:
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was designed as a single-centre, open-label, two-period crossover, pharmacokinetic comparison in 28 healthy male volunteers and was completed in 23 subjects. The determination of morphine and its metabolite morphine-6-glucuronide in plasma was done by HPLC with electrochemical detection after solid-phase extraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under steady-state conditions in the first dosing interval, mean maximum plasma concentrations for morphine were 19.1 ng/ml (CV% 41) for Oramorph SR 30 mg and 19.1 ng/ml (CV% 33) for MST-30 Mundipharma Retardtabletten. Geometric mean AUC(0-12) values were calculated as 108 ngxh/ml (CV% 40) for Oramorph SR 30 mg and as 118 ng x h/ml (CV% 30) for the reference formulation. The plasma concentrations of the major metabolite, morphine-6-glucuronide, were found to be generally in a higher range compared to the parent compound. The 90% confidence intervals of test to reference ratios calculated for all relevant parameters (AUC, C(max), PTF) for both the parent compound and morphine-6-glucuronide were all within the limits of 80 - 125%. The most frequent adverse events (AE > 10%) during Oramorph SR 30 mg treatment were headache (36%), dizziness (18%), nausea (21%), vomiting (21%) and pruritus (11%). During treatment with MST-30 Mundipharma Retardtabletten, the most frequent AEs were headache (29%), dizziness (13%), nausea (29%) and vomiting (29%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate bioequivalence of Oramorph SR 30 mg and MST-30 Mundipharma Retardtabletten.
authors: Therapeutic Area CNS/General Drugs, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Heinrich-Nols
authors: B S
authors: BS
authors: Schug
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Evers
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Larsimont
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Elze
authors: H H
authors: HH
authors: Blume
authors: L S
authors: LS
authors: Lee
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Crawford
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009022:Morphine Derivatives / Q000097:blood; D013810:Therapeutic Equivalency
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D009022:Morphine Derivatives; C035349:morphine-6-glucuronide; D009020:Morphine