title: Adjuvant effect of cholera toxin on systemic and mucosal immune responses in chickens infected with E. tenella or given recombinant parasitic antigen per os.
abstract: We investigated the adjuvant effect of cholera toxin (CT) on the intestinal and systemic immune systems of chickens. The CT was given orally, mixed with a non-replicating antigen, a recombinant Eimeria protein, IPEI, or with a replicating one, Eimeria tenella parasite. There were increases in the specific IgA and IgG responses to the recombinant protein IPEI, with a significant anti-1PE1 IgG response in the duodenum (p < 0.05) and caecum (p < 0.05) 4 weeks after immunization and a specific IgA (p < 0.05) response in the duodenum after 3 weeks. A transient anti-1PE1 IgG (p < 0.05) response was detected in the serum 1 week post-injection and an IgA response (p < 0.05) at 2 weeks. CT given with the replicative parasite caused no change in the intestinal and systemic immune responses with 1 or 3 immunizations although a specific antiparasitic in vitro proliferation of the spleen cells from infected chickens was observed. Nevertheless, 0.05 mg CT given per os to chickens was strongly immunogenic in both experiments. A strong serum IgG (p < 0.01) response was detected as soon as 1 week after the end of the immunization protocol with 1PE1 and 2 weeks after infection with E. tenella. Strong anti-CT IgG responses were also detected by the second week post-immunization in the duodenum and caeca (p < 0.01). Hence, CT can be used as a mucosal adjuvant in chickens to improve the intestinal immune response.
authors: Unité de Pathologie Aviaire et de Parasitologie, INRA, Nouzilly, France. girard@tours.inra.fr
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Girard
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Péry
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Naciri
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Quéré
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002645:Chickens; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D016786:Eimeria tenella / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines; D002772:Cholera Toxin