The role of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 in herpes simplex virus type 1 ocular replication and eye disease.
To assess the relative effect of interleukin (IL)-2- and IL-4-dependent immune responses on herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 infection, naive, vaccinated, and mock-vaccinated IL-20/0 and IL-40/0 knockout mice were challenged ocularly with HSV-1. Naive IL-20/0 mice were significantly more susceptible to lethal infection than IL-40/0 or parental BALB/c mice. Vaccinated, IL-20/0, IL-40/0, and BALB/c mice induced similar neutralizing antibody titers and were completely protected against HSV-1-induced death and corneal scarring. Vaccinated and mock-vaccinated IL-20/0 mice had significantly higher HSV-1 titers in their eyes than BALB/c mice, while vaccinated and mock-vaccinated IL-40/0 mice had significantly lower HSV-1 titers in their eyes than BALB/c mice. Recombinant (r) IL-2 treatment of the IL-20/0 mice significantly reduced ocular HSV-1 replications, but rIL-4 treatment of IL-40/0 mice significantly increased ocular HSV-1 replications. Th1 (IL-2) cytokine responses may help protect mice against ocular HSV-1 challenge and reduce ocular HSV-1 replication.
Ghiasi
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H
Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. ghiasi@CSMC.Edu
Cai
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Slanina
S M
SM
Perng
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GC
Nesburn
A B
AB
Wechsler
S L
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D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005123:Eye / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D016849:Keratitis, Herpetic / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014611:Vaccination; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014779:Virus Replication
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D015847:Interleukin-4