title: Altered protein kinase C activation of Na+/Ca2+ exchange in mesangial cells from salt-sensitive rats.
abstract: The purpose of these studies was to determine whether there is a defect in protein kinase C (PKC) regulation of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in cultured mesangial cells (MC) from Dahl/Rapp salt-sensitive (S) and salt-resistant (R) rats. R and S MCs were cultured, grown on coverslips, and loaded with fura 2 for measurement of single cell cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in a microscope-based photometry system. Studies were performed in cells that were exposed to serum (serum fed) and in cells that were serum deprived for 24 h. Baseline [Ca2+]i values measured in a Ringer solution containing 150 mM NaCl were similar between R and S MCs in both serum-fed and serum-deprived groups, although baseline [Ca2+]i values were uniformly higher in the serum-deprived groups. Exchanger activity was assessed by reducing extracellular Na (Nae) from 150 to 2 mM, which resulted in movement of Na+ out of and Ca2+ into these cells (reverse-mode Na+/Ca2+ exchange). PKC was activated in these cells with 15-min exposure to 100 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). In the absence of PMA, the change in [Ca2+]i (Delta[Ca2+]i) with reduction in Nae was similar between R and S MCs in both serum-fed and serum-deprived groups, although the magnitude of Delta[Ca2+]i was enhanced by serum deprivation. In both serum-fed and serum-deprived groups, PMA significantly increased Delta[Ca2+]i in R but not S MCs. Upregulation of exchanger activity in R MCs could be abolished by prior 24-h exposure to PMA, a maneuver that downregulates PKC activity. Other studies were performed to evaluate exchanger protein expression using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Immunoblots of PMA-treated cells revealed an increase in the levels of 70- and 120-kDa proteins in the crude membrane fraction of R but not S MCs, an increase which was abrogated by prior 24-h PMA pretreatment and corresponded to reduction in the 70-kDa protein in the crude cytosolic fraction. These data demonstrate that PKC enhances Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity in MCs from R but not from S rats, suggesting that there may be a defect in the PKC-Na+/Ca2+ exchange regulation pathway in MCs of S rats.
authors: Nephrology Research and Training Center, Departments of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
authors: N A
authors: NA
authors: Mashburn
authors: M T
authors: MT
authors: Unlap
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Runquist
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Alderman
authors: G V
authors: GV
authors: Johnson
authors: P D
authors: PD
authors: Bell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008297:Male; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D020303:Rats, Inbred Dahl / Q000378:metabolism*; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate