Effect of moderate improvement in metabolic control on magnesium and lipid concentrations in patients with type 1 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of clinically obtainable improvements in metabolic control in patients with type 1 diabetes on biochemical cardiovascular risk factors.


METHODS
Blood and 24-h urinary samples were obtained from 49 patients with type 1 diabetes before and after a run-in period and after 3 months of intervention, with frequent adjustment of insulin dosage according to measured blood glucose concentrations.


RESULTS
The intervention caused a mean insulin dosage increment of 10%, a 20% decrease in fasting plasma glucose concentration, a 10% decrease in albumin corrected serum fructosamine, and a somewhat lesser decrease in HbAlc.A 14% decrease in the renal excretion of magnesium (Mg) was observed, but without a change in average serum Mg concentration. Serum HDL cholesterol increased 4%, and serum triglycerides decreased 10% as an average. Looking at individual patients, the decrease in serum triglycerides correlated with both the change in serum total Mg concentration and with the increase in insulin dosage. Using the change in serum total Mg concentration and in insulin dosage as independent variables in a multiple regression analysis, the coefficient of correlation with the decrease in serum triglycerides was 0.52.


CONCLUSIONS
Moderate but clinically obtainable improvement of metabolic control in patients with type 1 diabetes seems to reduce the loss of Mg, increase serum HDL cholesterol, and decrease serum triglycerides. The decrease in serum triglycerides was associated with the change in serum total Mg concentration. These reductions in Mg loss and serum triglycerides might reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Djurhuus
M S
MS
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
Henriksen
J E
JE
Klitgaard
N A
NA
Blaabjerg
O
O
Thye-Rønn
P
P
Altura
B M
BM
Altura
B T
BT
Beck-Nielsen
H
H
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D008274:Magnesium