title: The oral bioavailability of pentosan polysulphate sodium in healthy volunteers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pentosan polysulphate sodium (PPS), a heparin-like drug, is supposed to be orally applicable. The objective of the present study was to assess the oral bioavailability of PPS. However, since specific assays for PPS do not exist, this was done by using primary and secondary effect parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out using a three-way randomized crossover design with 18 healthy young male volunteers. The subjects received three treatments: PPS i.v. (50 mg), PPS orally (1500 mg) and placebo (orally). Blood sampling was done for activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), anti-Xa activity, hepatic triglyceride lipase, lipoprotein lipase, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity, fibrin plate lysis, total triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intravenously administered PPS significantly increased APTT, anti-Xa activity, hepatic triglyceride lipase and lipoprotein lipase compared with placebo in a magnitude comparable to other i.v. heparin-like compounds. Orally administered PPS did not significantly influence any of the parameters when compared with placebo. Point estimates for the oral bioavailability of PPS were in the range of 0% with small confidence intervals (CIs).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The oral bioavailability of PPS is negligible in young healthy males.
authors: Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands. rf@chdr.nl
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Faaij
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Srivastava
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: van Griensven
authors: R C
authors: RC
authors: Schoemaker
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Kluft
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Burggraaf
authors: A F
authors: AF
authors: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005337:Fibrin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D010426:Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010919:Placebos; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010919:Placebos; D010426:Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester; D005337:Fibrin; D008049:Lipase; D010960:Plasminogen Activators