title: The current status of tardive dystonia.
abstract: Tardive dystonia (TDt), a persistent dystonia associated with exposure to neuroleptic drugs, is an uncommon disorder. It differs from tardive dyskinesia (TDk) in epidemiology, clinical features, risk factors, pathophysiology, course, prognosis, and treatment outcome. TDt seems to develop faster and is more painful, distressing, and disabling than tardive dyskinesia. In this article, evidence is reviewed on the face, descriptive, construct, and predictive validity of this iatrogenic complication of antipsychotic drugs. It is suggested that TDt should not be lumped together with TDk. It deserves a separate nosological status as an independent diagnostic category. The subclassification of TDt into various subtypes based on coexistence of other movement disorders is suggested.
authors: Mental Health Service Line, Dayton VA Medical Center, Ohio 45428, USA.
authors: Adityanjee
authors: Y A
authors: YA
authors: Aderibigbe
authors: V C
authors: VC
authors: Jampala
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Mathews
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004421:Dystonia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents