[Occupational sensitization to methylene diphenyl diisocyanate during the manufacture of polyurethane products].
A complex occupational hygienic and clinical allergologic investigation in a methylene-diphenyl diizocyanate (MDI)-based polyurethane products manufacture was carried out for the first time in this country. The average MDI concentrations for a shift are within the limits of TWA, but during short operations exceed STEL and reach 0.072-0.181 mg/m3. By clinical and immuno-allergologic methods, applied on 46 MDI-exposed workers and 42 controls, the sensibilizing effect on the respiratory system, skin and eyes was detected. The allergic reactions take the course of bronchial asthma (6.5%), rhinitis and rhinopharyngitis (37%), rhinosinusitis (13%), conjunctivitis (13%), and urticaria and dermatitis (17.4%), as in 12 cases (12%) the allergic illnesses are combined. The specific occupational sensibilization, proved by positive dermal allergy tests with MDI in 24 (52%) exposed workers, and increased MDI-IgE antibodies in 4 workers, is of high statistical reliability in comparison with the control group and supposes immune reactions of quick type (IgE) and mainly retarded type--cell mediated. Various prophylactic measures against the proven occupational sensibilization risk are proposed.
Nosko
M
M
Demirova
M
M
Savov
A
A
Stoĭnovska
M
M
Baltadzhieva
D
D
Delchev
G
G
Vardev
P
P
Panev
T
T
D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002031:Bulgaria; D002617:Chemical Industry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D017953:Isocyanates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011140:Polyurethanes; D012307:Risk Factors; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds
D000485:Allergens; D017953:Isocyanates; D011140:Polyurethanes; C005969:4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds