An allele of the ripening-specific 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene (ACS1) in apple fruit with a long storage life.
An allele of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase gene (Md-ACS1), the transcript and translated product of which have been identified in ripening apples (Malus domestica), was isolated from a genomic library of the apple cultivar, Golden Delicious. The predicted coding region of this allele (ACS1-2) showed that seven nucleotide substitutions in the corresponding region of ACS1-1 resulted in just one amino acid transition. A 162-bp sequence characterized as a short interspersed repetitive element retrotransposon was inserted in the 5'-flanking region of ACS1-2 corresponding to position -781 in ACS1-1. The XhoI site located near the 3' end of the predicted coding region of ACS1-2 was absent from the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction product, revealing that exclusive transcription from ACS1-1 occurs during ripening of cv Golden Delicious fruit. DNA gel-blot and polymerase chain reaction analyses of genomic DNAs showed clearly that apple cultivars were either heterozygous for ACS1-1 and ACS1-2 or homozygous for each type. RNA gel-blot analysis of the ACS1-2 homozygous Fuji apple, which produces little ethylene and has a long storage life, demonstrated that the level of transcription from ACS1-2 during the ripening stage was very low.
Sunako
T
T
Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Hirosaki, Japan.
Sakuraba
W
W
Senda
M
M
Akada
S
S
Ishikawa
R
R
Niizeki
M
M
Harada
T
T
D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005638:Fruit / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D015870:Gene Expression; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D008190:Lyases / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000096:biosynthesis
D017931:DNA Primers; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D018744:DNA, Plant; D005030:Ethylenes; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C036216:ethylene; D008190:Lyases; C021773:1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylate synthase