title: The circumstances surrounding the outbreak and spread of equine influenza in South Africa.
abstract: Equine-2 influenza A virus (H3N8) infection first occurred among naïve horses in South Africa in December 1986. The virus was introduced following the importation of six horses from the United States of America. While the release of in-contact horses from quarantine three days after the arrival of these six horses played a role in the rapid spread of the disease in South Africa, other outbreaks of disease were associated with viral introduction by personnel or contaminated instruments. The control measures and implications of the introduction of equine influenza to South Africa are also discussed.
authors: Equine Research Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Guthrie
authors: K B
authors: KB
authors: Stevens
authors: P P
authors: PP
authors: Bosman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D004630:Emergencies / Q000662:veterinary; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006736:Horses; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D011790:Quarantine / Q000662:veterinary; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D014765:Viral Vaccines
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines