title: Pulmonary vein flow analysis by transoesophageal echocardiogr phy in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation; 1 year follow-up after cardioversion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Left and right upper pulmonary vein flow can be adequately recorded by transoesophageal Doppler echocardiography. The aim of this study was to investigate whether analysis of the pulmonary venous flow velocity pattern can predict the long-term maintenance of sinus rhythm after successful cardioversion of chronic atrial fibrillation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six consecutive patients, aged 53+/-9 years, with chronic atrial fibrillation of 5.33+/-2 months duration, were subjected to transoesophageal Doppler echocardiography to record left and right upper pulmonary venous flow, 24 h and 3 months following successful cardioversion. One year following cardioversion, 12 patients (33.3%) were in sinus rhythm (sinus rhythm group) while the remaining 24 patients were in atrial fibrillation (atrial fibrillation group). At 24 h following cardioversion, biphasic systolic forward flow in the left and/or right upper pulmonary venous flow velocity was detected in 10 patients of the sinus rhythm group and in four patients of the atrial fibrillation group (P<0001). The systolic fraction was significantly higher in the sinus rhythm group, 0.48+/-0.04 and 0.39+/-0.06, P<0.001 for the left upper pulmonary venous flow, and 0.52+/-0.05 and 0.41+/-0.04, P<0.001 for the right upper pulmonary venous flow, respectively. In patients who displayed a biphasic systolic forward flow and in whom the right upper pulmonary venous flow systolic fraction was higher than 0.50 at 24 h post-cardioversion, the probability of maintenance of sinus rhythm at 1 year exceeded 95%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The detection of a biphasic systolic forward flow in the pulmonary venous flow velocity, and of a right upper pulmonary vein systolic fraction higher than 0.50 as early as 24 h following cardioversion of chronic atrial fibrillation, identifies patients who will remain in sinus rhythm 1 year after cardioversion.
authors: 2nd Department of Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.
authors: I A
authors: IA
authors: Paraskevaidis
authors: G N
authors: GN
authors: Theodorakis
authors: D G
authors: DG
authors: Katritsis
authors: D P
authors: DP
authors: Tsiapras
authors: E G
authors: EG
authors: Livanis
authors: D T
authors: DT
authors: Kremastinos
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D004554:Electric Countershock; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*