title: Mycophenolic acid plasma concentrations in kidney allograft recipients with or without cyclosporin: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Combining cyclosporin (CsA) and prednisone with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) results in a significant reduction in the rate of biopsy-proven acute rejection after kidney transplantation. This is achieved with a standard daily MMF dosage of 2 or 3 g. Whether monitoring of the pharmacologically active metabolite mycophenolic acid (MPA) will lead to improved safety and efficacy is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We monitored MPA trough levels in 18 kidney transplant recipients treated with CsA, prednisone, and MMF (63 samples) and in 11 patients (31 samples) treated with prednisone and MMF only, in a cross-sectional study. All patients were at least 3 months after transplantation with stable graft function. All patients were treated with 2 g MMF for at least 3 months and 10 mg prednisone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MPA trough levels in the CsA-treated patients were significantly lower (P<0.0001; Mann-Whitney) than those in patients on MMF and prednisone only (mean MPA levels 1.98+/-0.12 vs 4.38+/-0.40 mg/l respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although all patients were treated with an identical MMF dose, a significant difference was found in the MPA trough levels between CsA- vs non-CsA-treated patients. This suggests that CsA influences the MPA trough level. The level at which CsA affects the MPA trough levels is unclear.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Smak Gregoor
authors: T
authors: T
authors: van Gelder
authors: C J
authors: CJ
authors: Hesse
authors: B J
authors: BJ
authors: van der Mast
authors: N M
authors: NM
authors: van Besouw
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Weimar
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid