title: Percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD): twelve years' experience with 752 procedures in 518 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) is a procedure in which herniated intervertebral discs are treated by reduction of intradiscal pressure through laser energy. This is introduced by a needle inserted into the nucleus pulposus under local anesthesia and fluoroscopic monitoring. The small volume of nucleus vaporized results in a sharp fall of intradiscal pressure, with consequent migration of the herniation away from the nerve root. First proposed by the author in 1984, this concept was validated by 2 years of in vitro experiments. Our aim was to apply this concept to a large series of patients with herniated disc disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A nonrandomized, nonblinded study was conducted in male and female patients with symptomatic, image-documented intervertebral herniated discs in a 12-year period using PLDD as the only treatment modality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The author's own series consists of 752 intervertebral discs in 518 patients over a period of 12 years. The overall success rate ranged from 75% to 89% with a complication rate of less than 1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PLDD has proven to be safe and effective. It is minimally invasive, is performed in an outpatient setting, requires no general anesthesia, results in no scarring or spinal instability, reduces rehabilitation time, is repeatable, and does not preclude open surgery should that become necessary.
authors: Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York, USA. DSC7.@columbia.educ
authors: D S
authors: DS
authors: Choy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000295:instrumentation; D017587:Diskectomy, Percutaneous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000601:surgery*; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D007834:Lasers; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009354:Neodymium; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012086:Reoperation; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009354:Neodymium