title: Active idiotype vaccination in multiple myeloma. GM-CSF may be an important adjuvant cytokine.
abstract: The idiotypic surface bound immunoglobulin structures on the myeloma cells can be regarded as a tumor specific antigen. Naturally occurring humoral and cellular immunity against the idiotype has been demonstrated. Idiotype immunization in combination with GM-CSF induced a specific T cell response in all studied myeloma patients (n = 5). The T cell response could be characterized as a type I response (gamma-IFN production) which seemed preferentially to be MHC class I restricted. Patients with a low tumor burden might be those which most favourably respond to this kind of therapeutic intervention.
authors: Department of Experimental Oncology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Mellstedt
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Osterborg
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity / Q000502:physiology; D007114:Immunization; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes / Q000276:immunology*; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D007130:Immunoglobulin Idiotypes; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor