title: Limitations of the evaluation of adnexal masses by its macroscopic aspects, cytology and biopsy.
abstract: To investigate the relevance of intraoperative macroscopic evaluation of adnexal masses a prospective study was conducted from June 1st, 1993 to May 31st, 1994, which included 57 premenopausal and 60 postmenopausal women, who underwent laparotomy because of a cystic adnexal mass. The surgeons were asked to classify the tumor intraoperatively as benign or malignant and to assign to histologic groups. In addition cytology of the cyst fluid and a biopsy from the cystic wall were evaluated. Comparison of these items with the results of permanent section diagnosis revealed the tendency of the surgeons to underestimate adnexal masses depending on patients' age and the complexity of the tumor, despite of the knowledge of preoperative ultrasonographic findings. Sufficient cytolologic examination was possible in only one third of aspirates and only 21% of the examined postmenopausal malignant neoplasms have correctly been diagnosed by cytology. Evaluation of the biopsy specimens demonstrates a marked percentage of false negatives with respect to benign tumors (30% of non-functional benign neoplasms in the premenopause were assessed as functional cysts) as well as malignant neoplasms (only 72% were diagnosed correctly in the postmenopause group). In conclusion intraoperative subjective assessment, cytology and representative biopsies do not necessarily concur with the definitive histological diagnosis.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Goettingen, Germany.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Dietrich
authors: R G
authors: RG
authors: Osmers
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Grobe
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Zech
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Suren
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Krauss
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Sander
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Fischer
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Kuhn
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D020420:Cyst Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007813:Laparotomy; D010048:Ovarian Cysts / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography