title: Increased production of IFN-gamma and cysteinyl leukotrienes in virus-induced wheezing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An imbalance of production of T-helper lymphocyte cytokines, favoring overproduction of IL-4, is believed to be important in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. However, less is known about the cytokine response in virus-induced wheezing, which is a major cause of morbidity in asthma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We undertook this study to determine the magnitude of IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-10, and leukotriene (LT) responses in infants and children with virus-induced wheezing.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured the concentrations of IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-10, and cysteinyl LTs in respiratory secretions of 82 infants and young children during acute episodes of virus-induced wheezing. Control subjects were 47 infants and children with uncomplicated upper respiratory infections and 18 normal healthy infants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ratios of IFN-gamma to IL-4 were higher (due to increased quantities of IFN-gamma) in subjects with wheezing than in those with upper respiratory infection alone (P =. 003). Quantities of LTs were also increased in wheezing subjects in comparison with those with upper respiratory infections (P =.009). There was a significant correlation between measured concentrations of IFN-gamma and LTs (correlation coefficient =.451, P =.007). Quantities of IL-4 were slightly suppressed in the wheezing groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An imbalance favoring overproduction of IFN-gamma appears to be associated temporarily with virus-induced wheezing. A possible mechanism is the enhanced release of LTs from eosinophils or mast cells after sensitization by IFN-gamma.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: S M
authors: SM
authors: van Schaik
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Tristram
authors: I S
authors: IS
authors: Nagpal
authors: K M
authors: KM
authors: Hintz
authors: R C
authors: RC
authors: Welliver
authors: R C
authors: RC
authors: Welliver
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology; D001988:Bronchiolitis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015289:Leukotrienes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000276:immunology*; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000276:immunology; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015289:Leukotrienes; D007371:Interferon-gamma