title: Cross-talk between the Smad1 and Ras/MEK signaling pathways for TGFbeta.
abstract: Our previous data demonstrated that Ras activation was necessary and sufficient for transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta)-mediated Erk1 activation, and was required for TGFbeta up-regulation of the Cdk inhibitors (CKI's) p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1) (KM Mulder and SL Morris, J. Biol. Chem., 267, 5029-5031, 1992; MT Hartsough and KM Mulder, J. Biol. Chem., 270, 7117-7124, 1995; MT Hartsough et al., J. Biol. Chem., 271, 22368-22375, 1996 and J Yue et al., Oncogene, 17, 47-55, 1998). Here we examined the role of Ras in TGFbeta-mediated effects on a rat homolog of Smad1 (termed RSmad1). We demonstrate that both TGFbeta and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) can induce endogenous Smad1 phosphorylation in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). The combination of transient expression of RSmad1 and TGFbeta treatment had an additive effect on induction of the TGFbeta-responsive reporter 3TP-lux. Either inactivation of Ras by stable, inducible expression of a dominant-negative mutant of Ras (RasN17) or addition of MAP and ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059 to cells significantly decreased the ability of both TGFbeta and BMP to induce phosphorylation of endogenous Smad1 in IECs. Moreover, either inactivation of Ras or addition of PD98059 to IEC 4-1 cells inhibited the ability of RSmad1 to regulate 3TP luciferase activity in both the presence and absence of TGFbeta. Collectively, our data indicate that TGFbeta can regulate RSmad1 function in epithelial cells, and that the Ras/MEK pathway is partially required for TGFbeta-mediated regulation of RSmad1.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, USA.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Yue
authors: R S
authors: RS
authors: Frey
authors: K M
authors: KM
authors: Mulder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051785:Smad Proteins; D051898:Smad1 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051785:Smad Proteins; D051898:Smad1 Protein; C497400:Smad1 protein, rat; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D008156:Luciferases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)