title: Analysis of the ability of five adjuvants to enhance immune responses to a chimeric plant virus displaying an HIV-1 peptide.
abstract: The ability of five different adjuvants (alum, complete Freund's adjuvant, Quil A, AdjuPrime and Ribi) to stimulate humoral and T-cell mediated immune responses against a purified chimeric virus particle was investigated. Each adjuvant was administered subcutaneously to adult mice together with 10 microg of wildtype (wt) cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) or a chimeric CPMV displaying the HIV-1 gp41 peptide, residues 731-752. All preparations elicited strong antibody responses to CPMV, but Quil A elicited the highest and most consistent responses to the HIV-1 peptide. This finding was reflected in both ELISA titres with immobilized peptide and in HIV-1-neutralizing antibody. In addition Quil A was also, the only adjuvant to stimulate an in vitro proliferative T-cell response. Surprisingly with all adjuvant formulations a predominately IgG2a anti-gp41 peptide response was observed, indicating a type 1 T-helper cell-like response. Furthermore, the efficiency of the CPMV display system was demonstrated by its ability to induce good levels of peptide specific antibody in the absence of any adjuvant.
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
authors: T L
authors: TL
authors: McInerney
authors: F R
authors: FR
authors: Brennan
authors: T D
authors: TD
authors: Jones
authors: N J
authors: NJ
authors: Dimmock
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000534:Alum Compounds; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017358:Cell Wall Skeleton / Q000276:immunology; D002678:Chimera; D017798:Comovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D003311:Cord Factors / Q000276:immunology; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000276:immunology; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000276:immunology*; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D008050:Lipid A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D062605:Quillaja Saponins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012503:Saponins / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000534:Alum Compounds; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D017358:Cell Wall Skeleton; D003311:Cord Factors; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D008050:Lipid A; D062605:Quillaja Saponins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C075897:Ribi adjuvant; D012503:Saponins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C041524:aluminum sulfate; C046386:Quil A; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant