title: Simultaneous SPECT studies of pre- and postsynaptic dopamine binding sites in baboons.
abstract: The central nervous system dopamine transporters (DATs) and dopamine D2/D3 receptors are implicated in a variety of neurological disorders. Both sites are also targets for drug treatment. With the successful development of [99mTc]TRODAT-1, single-isotope imaging studies using this ligand for DAT imaging can be complemented by additional use of 123I-labeled D2/D3 receptor ligand co-injected to assess both pre- and postsynaptic sites of the dopaminergic system simultaneously.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve SPECT scans of the brain were obtained in two baboons after intravenous administration of 740 MBq (20 mCi) [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 (technetium, [2-[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3,2,1]oct-2-yl]methyl ](2-mercaptoethyl) amino]ethyl]-amino]ethanethiolato (3-)]- oxo-[1R-(exo-exo)]) and 185 MBq (5 mCi) [123I]iodobenzamide or [123I]iodobenzofuran. SPECT data were acquired by a triple-head gamma camera equipped with ultra-high-resolution fanbeam collimators (scan duration = 210 min). Two sets of SPECT data were obtained using energy windows of 15% centered on 140 keV for 99mTc and 10% asymmetric with a lower bound at 159 keV for 123I. After coregistration with MRI, region-of-interest analysis was performed using predefined templates from coregistered MRI. In blocking studies, baboons were pretreated with N-methyl-2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (CFT, 14 mg) or raclopride (14 mg) to block DAT or D2/D3 binding site, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Image quality of dual-isotope studies was similar to that obtained from single-isotope studies. When one site was blocked with CFT or raclopride, the binding of the respective ligand to the other site was not affected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first example that clearly demonstrates the feasibility of simultaneous imaging of both pre- and postsynaptic sites of the dopaminergic system in baboons with dual-isotope SPECT studies. With or without corrections for cross-contamination of 123I into the 99mTc window, striatum-to-cerebellum ratios (target-to-nontarget) of dual-isotope experiments did not differ significantly from single-isotope experiments. This method may be a valuable and cost-effective tool for gaining comprehensive information about the dopaminergic system in one SPECT imaging session.
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
authors: S H
authors: SH
authors: Dresel
authors: M P
authors: MP
authors: Kung
authors: X F
authors: XF
authors: Huang
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Plössl
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Hou
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Meegalla
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Patselas
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Mu
authors: J R
authors: JR
authors: Saffer
authors: H F
authors: HF
authors: Kung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides; D001572:Benzofurans; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D010215:Papio; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D020891:Raclopride; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D012457:Salicylamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014326:Tropanes
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D001572:Benzofurans; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D012457:Salicylamides; D014326:Tropanes; C104196:technetium Tc 99m TRODAT-1; C062439:5-iodo-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofurancarboxamide; D020891:Raclopride; C021279:(1R-(exo,exo))-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-methyl-8- azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane-2-carboxylic acid, methyl ester; C055743:3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)benzamide; D003042:Cocaine; D004298:Dopamine