Opposite effects of FGF and BMP-4 on embryonic blood formation: roles of PV.1 and GATA-2.
In adult vertebrates, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) synergizes with many hematopoietic cytokines to stimulate the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitors. In vertebrate development, the FGF signaling pathway is important in the formation of some derivatives of ventroposterior mesoderm. However, the function of FGF in the specification of the embryonic erythropoietic lineage has remained unclear. Here we address the role of FGF in the specification of the erythropoietic lineage in the Xenopus embryo. We report that ventral injection of embryonic FGF (eFGF) mRNA at as little as 10 pg at the four-cell stage suppresses ventral blood island (VBI) formation, whereas expression of the dominant negative form of the FGF receptor in the lateral mesoderm, where physiologically no blood tissue is formed, results in a dramatic expansion of the VBI. Similar results were observed in isolated ventral marginal zones and animal caps. Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is known to induce erythropoiesis in the Xenopus embryo. Therefore, we examined how the BMP-4 and FGF signaling pathways might interact in the decision of ventral mesoderm to form blood. We observed that eFGF inhibits BMP-4-induced erythropoiesis by differentially regulating expression of the BMP-4 downstream effectors GATA-2 and PV.1. GATA-2, which stimulates erythropoiesis, is suppressed by FGF. PV.1, which we demonstrate to inhibit blood development, is enhanced by FGF. Additionally, PV.1 and GATA-2 negatively regulate transcription of each other. Thus, BMP-4 induces two transcription factors which have opposing effects on blood development. The FGF and BMP-4 signaling pathways interact to regulate the specification of the erythropoietic lineage.
Xu
R H
RH
Intramural Research Support Program, SAIC Frederick, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland, 21702, USA.
Ault
K T
KT
Kim
J
J
Park
M J
MJ
Hwang
Y S
YS
Peng
Y
Y
Sredni
D
D
Kung
H f
Hf
D000818:Animals; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D019070:Cell Lineage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004920:Erythropoiesis; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050989:GATA2 Transcription Factor; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008954:Models, Biological; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000196:embryology; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology*
D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050989:GATA2 Transcription Factor; C494714:GATA2 protein, Xenopus; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C525812:bmp4 protein, Xenopus; C109693:ventx1.1 protein, Xenopus; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors