The effects of glutamine on intestinal epithelial cell proliferation in parenterally fed rats.
BACKGROUND
Several papers have indicated that glutamine is a preferred fuel for the enterocyte and that it can increase intestinal epithelial cell proliferation.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of glutamine on intestinal epithelial cell proliferation in the parenterally fed rat.


METHODS
Five groups of six rats were fed parenterally; a group of orally fed rats was also studied. Crypt cell proliferation was studied after six days using native mitoses in microdissected crypts and bromodeoxyuridine labelling.


RESULTS
No effect of treatment was seen on intestinal weight; however, the weights of the small intestine, caecum, and colon were all significantly heavier in the orally fed group than in the total parenteral nutrition groups (p<0.001). There was no effect of any of the glutamine treatments on mitotic activity in the small intestine. In the colon there was a small increase in native mitoses with glutamine (p=0.03). There was also an indication of increased proliferative activity in the first fifth of the small intestine and colon with glutamine. Little effect of glutamine on bromodeoxyuridine labelling in either site was observed, but there was a small but significant reduction in growth fraction of the colon of the glutamine treated group. The labelling distribution curve from sections and the mitotic distribution curve obtained from crypt squashes showed a good correlation.


CONCLUSIONS
Glutamine has a small, but significant effect on mitotic activity but only in the colon. Modest effects on the distribution of labelled cells were also seen.
Mandir
N
N
Histopathology Unit, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK.
Goodlad
R A
RA
D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D005973:Glutamine