title: Right ventricular phenotypic characteristics in subjects with primary pulmonary hypertension or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies of animal models and human subjects with cardiomyopathies suggest that cardiac myocyte and ventricular chamber remodeling show distinct phenotypic characteristics that may be dependent on specific signaling pathways.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we characterize right ventricular (RV) chamber size, end-diastolic thickness, myocardial mass, and ejection fraction (EF) in human subjects with chronic heart failure from primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH; n = 10) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC; n = 10). Subjects underwent gated cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the RVs were phenotypically classified based on the presence or absence of hypertrophy (increased mass), systolic dysfunction (reduced EF), and degree of wall thickness (concentric v eccentric pattern of hypertrophy). Within this schema, five abnormal phenotypes could be identified. In PPH subjects, in whom the RV is subjected to the uniform insult of chronic pressure overload, four different abnormal phenotypes were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that distinct structural/functional ventricular chamber phenotypes may be classified by MRI, and that a uniform insult can result in multiple RV phenotypes.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Quaife
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Lynch
authors: D B
authors: DB
authors: Badesch
authors: N F
authors: NF
authors: Voelkel
authors: B D
authors: BD
authors: Lowes
authors: A D
authors: AD
authors: Robertson
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Bristow
mesh_terms: D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010641:Phenotype; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right