title: Effects of acid-etching on the tensile properties of demineralized dentin matrix.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little research has been done to evaluate the effects of acids commonly used in adhesive dentistry, on the tensile properties of the demineralized dentin matrix. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a number of acidic conditioners on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and modulus of elasticity (E) of human coronal dentin matrix.
  
  
  METHODS
  Small hour-glass shaped (for UTS) or l-beam shaped (for determination of E) were prepared from mid-coronal dentin of extracted human third molars. After protecting the ends with varnish, the middle of the specimens was completely demineralized in 0.5 M EDTA (pH 7). UTS was determined by tensile stressing to failure. Modulus of elasticity was calculated from stress strain curves. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Student-Neuman-Keuls test at the 95% confidence level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Brief (ca. 1-2 min) exposure of demineralized dentin matrix to acids had no measurable effects on its tensile properties. Ten-minute exposures to 2.5% and 17.5% nitric acid lowered (p < 0.05) the UTS compared to phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-exposed controls. Exposure of the decalcified dentin to 10% citric acid containing 3% ferric chloride, 10% citric acid, 37% phosphoric acid or 17.5% nitric acid containing 3% ferric chloride for 10 min had no effect on UTS. None of these acids consistently lowered stiffness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that relatively long exposures to acids are required to alter the tensile properties of demineralized dentin. It is unlikely that the brief exposures to acids that are used in adhesive dentistry would acutely weaken the physical properties of demineralized dentin. However, long-term studies should be done to determine if such treatment increases the susceptibility of the matrix to hydrolysis.
authors: Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, USA.
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Agee
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Nör
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Carvalho
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Sachar
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Russell
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Pashley
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D003804:Dentin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D004548:Elasticity; D006801:Humans; D017942:Nitric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D013718:Tensile Strength; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019343:Citric Acid; D017942:Nitric Acid; D003094:Collagen; C030242:phosphoric acid