title: Nonrecurrent laryngeal nerves: anatomic considerations during thyroid and parathyroid surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In head and neck surgery, damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thyroid surgery is the most common iatrogenic cause of vocal cord paralysis. Identification of the RLNs and meticulous surgical technique can significantly decrease the incidence of this complication. Nonrecurrent RLNs (NRRLNs) are exceedingly rare. Surgeons need to be aware of their position to avoid damage to them.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of 513 RLN exposures over a 7-year period was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two NRRLNs were encountered, for an incidence of 0.39%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NRRLNs are rare. Awareness of their existence will prevent the surgeon from accidentally severing one if it is encountered during routine thyroid or parathyroid surgery.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Mra
authors: M K
authors: MK
authors: Wax
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008949:Adenoma, Pleomorphic / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006042:Goiter / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007823:Laryngeal Nerves / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000196:embryology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D013965:Thyroidectomy