title: Bimodal regulation of cyclic AMP by muscarinic receptors. Involvement of multiple G proteins and different forms of adenylyl cyclase.
abstract: In membranes of rat olfactory bulb, muscarinic receptor agonists stimulate basal adenylyl cyclase activity . This response is inhibited by a number of muscarinic receptor antagonists with a rank order of potency suggesting the involvement of the M4 muscarinic receptor subtype. The stimulatory effect does not require Ca2+ and occurs independently of activation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Pretreatment with pertussis toxin completely prevents the muscarinic stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, indicating the participation of G proteins of the Gi/Go family. Immunological impairment of the G protein, Gs, also reduces the muscarinic response, whereas concomitant activation of Gs-coupled receptors by CRH or VIP results in a synergistic stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity. Although these data suggest a role for Gs, a body of evidence indicates that the muscarinic receptors do not interact directly with this G protein. Moreover, the Ca2+/calmodulin (Ca2+/CaM)- and forskolin-stimulated enzyme activities are inhibited by muscarinic receptor activation in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner and with a pharmacological profile similar to that observed for the stimulatory response. These data indicate that in rat olfactory bulb M4 muscarinic receptors exert a bimodal control on cyclic AMP formation through a sequence of events that may involve activation of Gi/Go proteins, synergistic interaction with Gs and differential modulation of Ca2+/CaM-independent and -dependent forms of adenylyl cyclase.
authors: Department of Neurosciences, University of Cagliari, Italy.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Onali
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Olianas
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D005576:Colforsin; D002217:Carbachol; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D000109:Acetylcholine