title: Clinical usefulness of 3% hydrogen peroxide in acute upper GI bleeding: a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A major problem in the endoscopic management of acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is the presence of blood and clots overlying the bleeding source, preventing visualization of the lesion. A simple alternative is to alter the characteristics of blood such that it not only becomes easier to remove but also becomes translucent. We report the results of a pilot study on the use of hydrogen peroxide in patients with acute upper GI bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with acute upper GI bleeding were studied if the presence of blood or clots obscured the site of bleeding. The potential site of bleeding was initially sprayed with 200 mL water and then with 200 mL 3% hydrogen peroxide mixed with simethicone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 6 patients with acute upper GI bleeding, hydrogen peroxide spray resulted in good to excellent visualization of the bleeding source. Hemostasis occurred in 2 patients who were actively bleeding. There were no adverse effects or complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydrogen peroxide significantly enhanced clot dissolution and endoscopic visualization in patients with acute upper GI bleeding.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors: A N
authors: AN
authors: Kalloo
authors: M I
authors: MI
authors: Canto
authors: K S
authors: KS
authors: Wadwa
authors: C L
authors: CL
authors: Smith
authors: G T
authors: GT
authors: Gislason
authors: P I
authors: PI
authors: Okolo
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Pasricha
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide