title: Outcomes after single injection caudal epidural versus continuous infusion epidural via caudal approach for postoperative analgesia in infants and children undergoing patent ductus arteriosus ligation.
abstract: Adequate postoperative analgesia enhances deep breathing and minimizes respiratory complications after thoracotomy. This study compares postoperative outcomes after single injection caudal epidural vs continuous infusion epidural via caudal approach for postoperative analgesia in infants and children undergoing thoracotomy for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation. A retrospective chart review was performed for 27 children who had undergone PDA ligation. The children were divided into three groups. We compared patient demographics, surgical duration, anaesthesia duration, length of ICU stay, incidence of emesis requiring treatment, time required to establish regular oral intake, requirement for supplemental intravenous opioids during the first postoperative day, and length of hospital stay. For paediatric patients undergoing PDA ligation, postoperative analgesia with continuous infusion epidural via caudal approach produced shorter ICU stay, less occurrence of postoperative emesis, earlier oral intake, elimination of intravenous opioid supplementation, and shorter hospital stay compared with single injection caudal epidural techniques.
authors: Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305, USA.
authors: Y C
authors: YC
authors: Lin
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Sentivany-Collins
authors: K L
authors: KL
authors: Peterson
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Boltz
authors: E J
authors: EJ
authors: Krane
mesh_terms: D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007260:Infusion Pumps; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D007902:Length of Stay; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013908:Thoracotomy
chemical_list: D002045:Bupivacaine