title: Transmembrane regulation of intracellular calcium by a plasma membrane sodium/calcium exchanger in mouse ova.
abstract: Regulation of cytoplasmic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+)]i) is a key factor for maintenance of viability of cells, including oocytes. Indeed, during fertilization of an ovum, [Ca2+]i is known to undergo oscillations, but it is unknown how basal [Ca2+]i or calcium oscillations are regulated. In the present study we investigated the role of the plasma membrane in regulating [Ca2+]i of metaphase II-arrested mouse oocytes (ova). Ova were collected from B6C3F1 mice treated with eCG (10 IU) and hCG (5 IU), and intracellular calcium was determined by means of fura-2. Extracellular calcium flux across the zona pellucida was detected noninvasively by a calcium ion-selective, self-referencing microelectrode that was positioned by a computer-controlled micromanipulator. Under basal conditions ova exhibited a calcium net efflux of 20.6 +/- 5.2 fmol/cm2 per sec (n = 69). Treatment of ova with ethanol (7%) or thapsigargin (25 nM-2.5 microM) transiently increased intracellular calcium and stimulated calcium efflux that paralleled levels of [Ca2+]i. The presence of a Na+/Ca2+ exchanger was indicated by experiments employing both bepridil, an inhibitor of Na+/Ca2+ exchange, and sodium-depleted media. In the presence of bepridil, a net influx of calcium was revealed across the zona pellucida, which was reflected by an increase in the [Ca2+]i. In addition, replenishment of extracellular sodium to ova that had been incubated in sodium-depleted media induced a large calcium efflux, consistent with the actions of Na+/Ca2+ exchange. Sodium/calcium exchange in mouse ova may be an important mechanism that regulates [Ca2+]i.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02905, USA. jpeppere@wihri.org
authors: J R
authors: JR
authors: Pepperell
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kommineni
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Buradagunta
authors: P J
authors: PJ
authors: Smith
authors: D L
authors: DL
authors: Keefe
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D015764:Bepridil / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D016257:Fura-2; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010063:Ovum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000378:metabolism*; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D000431:Ethanol; D019284:Thapsigargin; D015764:Bepridil; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D002118:Calcium; D016257:Fura-2