title: Pupillary functions after cataract surgery using flexible iris retractor in patients with small pupil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantitatively assess pupillary functions after small pupil cataract surgery using the flexible iris retractor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 11 patients (12 eyes) with small pupils who underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. Pupils were enlarged using the flexible iris retractor intraoperatively, and postoperative iriscorder data were compared with the data of 20 normal controls who underwent standard phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although pupillary area before light stimulus did not differ between the groups, contraction rate after light stimulus was significantly lower in the small pupil group than in the normal controls. The velocity of contraction and dilation was also significantly slower in the small pupil group. Wider pupillary stretching during surgery resulted in deteriorated pupillary functions after surgery. Eyes of patients on long-term miotic therapy with pilocarpine showed poorer pupillary reaction postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inappropriate use of the flexible iris retractor causes an atonic, chronically enlarged postoperative pupil. To avoid postoperative pupillary complications, miotic pupils should not be stretched to larger than a 5.0 x 5.0 mm square.
authors: Kaiya Eye Clinic, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Yuguchi
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Oshika
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Sawaguchi
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kaiya
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000295:instrumentation; D008875:Middle Aged; D015877:Miosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011680:Pupil / Q000502:physiology*