title: Perioperative immunonutrition in patients undergoing cancer surgery: results of a randomized double-blind phase 3 trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Perioperative administration of a supplemented enteral formula may reduce the rate of postoperative infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of surgery at a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred six patients with neoplasm of colorectum, stomach, or pancreas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized to drink 1 L/d of either a control enteral formula (n = 104) or the same formula enriched with arginine, RNA, and omega3 fatty acids (n = 102) for 7 consecutive days before surgery. The 2 diets were isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. Jejunal infusion with the same formulas was started 6 hours after operation and continued until postoperative day 7.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rate of postoperative infectious complications and length of hospital stay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups were comparable for age, sex, weight loss, Karnofsky scale score, nutritional status, hemoglobin level, duration of surgery, blood loss, and rate of homologous transfusion. Intent-to-treat analysis showed a 14% (14/102) infectious complication rate in the supplemented group vs 30% (31/104) in the control group (P = .009). In the eligible population, the postoperative infection rate was 11% (9/85) in the supplemented group vs. 24% (21/86) in the control group (P = .02). The mean +/- SD length of postoperative stay was 11.1+/-4.4 days in the supplemented group and 12.9+/-4.6 in the control group (P = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perioperative administration of a supplemented enteral formula significantly reduced postoperative infections and length of stay in patients undergoing surgery for cancer.
authors: Department of Surgery, Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy. braga.marco@hsr.it
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Braga
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Gianotti
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Radaelli
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Vignali
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Mari
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Gentilini
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Di Carlo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D005526:Food, Formulated; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies