Expression of CD28 and CD38 by CD8+ T lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection correlates with markers of disease severity and changes towards normalization under treatment. The Swiss HIV Cohort Study.
The relationship between blood CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets, as defined by CD28 and CD38 expression, and plasma viraemia and CD4+ T cells in HIV-1 infection was investigated. In a cross-sectional study of 46 patients with either no or stable anti-retroviral treatment, there was a strong negative correlation between the percentage of CD8+CD28- and the percentage of CD4+ T cells (r = -0.75, P < 0.0001), and a positive correlation between absolute numbers of CD8+CD28+ and CD4+ T cells (r = 0.56, P < 0.0001). In contrast, the expression of CD38 by CD8+ T lymphocytes correlated primarily with plasma viraemia (e.g. the percentage of CD38+ in CD8bright cells, r = 0.76, P < 0.0001). In the 6 months following triple therapy initiation in 32 subjects, there was a close correlation between changes (delta) in CD8+CD28+ or CD8+CD28- and in CD4+ T cells (e.g. delta % CD8+CD28+ versus delta % CD4+, r = 0.37, P = 0.0002; delta % CD8+CD28- versus delta % CD4+, r = -0.66, P < 0.0001). A marked decline of the number of CD8+ T cells expressing CD38 was also observed. These results suggest the existence of a T cell homeostasis mechanism operating in blood with CD4+ and CD8+CD28+ cells on the one hand, and with CD8+CD28- cells on the other. In addition, the percentage of CD38+ cells in CD8+ cells, generally considered an independent prognostic factor, could merely reflect plasma viral load.
Bürgisser
P
P
Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Hammann
C
C
Kaufmann
D
D
Battegay
M
M
Rutschmann
O T
OT
D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D013557:Switzerland; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D014766:Viremia / Q000276:immunology
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D015415:Biomarkers; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D009244:NAD+ Nucleosidase; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1