A new in vitro model to study interaction between whole blood and biomaterials. Studies of platelet and coagulation activation and the effect of aspirin.
We have developed a versatile in vitro chamber model with a double purpose: first, to be able to study mechanisms of bio-incompatibility, and, second, to test biomaterials at all levels of interactions, in whole blood. The use of biomaterials in the form of microscope slides as walls in the chamber makes it possible to analyse both the biomaterial surface with regard to protein and cell binding, as well as the molecular events taking place in the fluid. Incubation of blood in the chamber, for 60 min at 37 degrees C resulted in the rapid binding of complement and coagulation proteins and of leukocytes and platelets to polyvinylchloride (PVC) slides. The cells formed a layer which more or less covered the underlying surface. Unlike complement activation, as reflected by soluble C3a and C5b-9, the thrombin-antithrombin formation was completely nullified in cell-depleted plasma. Despite the fact that thrombin-antithrombin generation was also negligible in platelet-rich plasma, inhibition of platelet aggregation on the material surface with aspirin resulted in suppressed generation of thrombin antithrombin complexes. Taken together, the coagulation activation in the chamber was dependent on the presence of blood cells which suggests that bound/aggregated platelets initiate a sequence of events involving leukocytes that results in coagulation activation.
Hong
J
J
The Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Nilsson Ekdahl
K
K
Reynolds
H
H
Larsson
R
R
Nilsson
B
B
D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000378:metabolism; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D015926:Complement C3a / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015938:Complement Membrane Attack Complex / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D008422:Materials Testing; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000494:pharmacology; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013917:Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism
D000925:Anticoagulants; D000991:Antithrombins; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015938:Complement Membrane Attack Complex; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D015926:Complement C3a; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D006493:Heparin; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D013917:Thrombin; D001241:Aspirin