title: Effects of escins Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb from horse chestnuts on gastric emptying in mice.
abstract: Inhibitory effects of the saponin fraction and its principal constituents, escins Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb, from horse chestnuts on gastric emptying were investigated in mice loaded with a non-nutrient or nutrient meal. The saponin fraction and escins Ia-IIb inhibited gastric emptying of a 1.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC-Na) meal by 11.1-54.2% (12.5-200 mg/kg). Escins Ia-IIb (50 mg/kg) also inhibited gastric emptying of a 40% glucose meal by 21.1-23.5% except for escin Ia, a milk meal by 18.4-33.1%, and a 30% ethanol meal by 13.5-15.9%. The effects of escins Ia-IIb on gastric emptying of the CMC-Na meal were attenuated by pretreatment with streptozotocin (100 mg/kg, i.v.), capsaicin (75 mg/kg in total, s.c.), or insulin (1 U/kg, s.c.). The effect of insulin was reduced by glucose (2 g/kg, i.v.) which can directly nourish the brain, but not by fructose (2 g/kg, i.v.) which cannot be utilized by the brain. The effects of escins Ia-IIb (50 mg/kg) were overridden in 60% ethanol-loaded mice, in which the central nervous system was suppressed by ethanol. These results suggest that capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves and central nervous system partly participate in the effects of escins Ia-IIb.
authors: Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Matsuda
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Murakami
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Yamahara
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet; D004928:Escin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005632:Fructose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D012503:Saponins; D005632:Fructose; D000431:Ethanol; D013311:Streptozocin; D004928:Escin; C115100:escin IIa; D005947:Glucose; C115101:escin Ia; D002211:Capsaicin