title: Axillary nodal metastases in head and neck cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Axillary node metastasis is an uncommon occurrence in squamous carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract.
  
  
  METHODS
  The tumor registry of The Johns Hopkins University Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery contained four cases of metastasis to the axilla from head and neck primary sites. A retrospective review of these cases was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each patient had been initially treated for cancer years earlier including surgery and radiation to the neck. A recurrent cancer or a new primary then developed in the upper aerodigestive tract prior to the development of the axillary metastases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The common course of disease in these patients suggests that alteration of the lymphatic anatomy by previous treatment may have caused a new pattern of metastatic spread upon reseeding from the mucosa, resulting in the axillary metastases. Routine surveillance of the axillae by physical examination and/or computerized imaging in at risk patients may permit the early diagnosis of axillary metastases.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21203-6402, USA.
authors: W M
authors: WM
authors: Koch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors