title: Tyr-Ala-Hexarelin, a synthetic octapeptide, possesses the same endocrine activities of Hexarelin and GHRP-2 in humans.
abstract: Hexarelin (HEX) and GHRP-2 are two synthetic hexapeptides, superanalogs of GHRP-6, belonging to GH secretagogue (GHS) family. GHS act via specific receptors at both the pituitary and the hypothalamic level to stimulate GH release both in animals and in humans. However, GHS also possess significant PRL- and ACTH/cortisol-releasing activity. Tyr-Ala-HEX as well as Tyr-Ala-GHRP-6 are, in turn, synthetic octapeptides generally used to perform binding studies because of their easy iodination. However, their endocrine activities have never been studied in humans. To clarify the endocrine activities of Tyr-Ala-HEX, in 7 young adult volunteers we compared the effects of the maximal effective dose of HEX (2.0 microg/kg i.v.) or GHRP-2 (2.0 microg/kg i.v.) with the same one of Tyr-Ala-HEX on GH, PRL, ACTH and cortisol levels. Basal GH, PRL, ACTH and cortisol levels in all testing sessions were similar. The administration of placebo did not modify hormonal levels. HEX and GHRP-2 administration induced the well known strong GH response (Cmax, mean+/-SE: 77.3+/-6.0 and 74.1+/-12.1 microg/l; AUC, mean+/-SE: 2596.7+/-251.1 and 2480.0+/-343.6 microg*min/l). These responses were similar to that induced by Tyr-Ala-HEX (63.7+/-18.5 microg/l; 1986.6+/-622.4 microg*min/l). Moreover, HEX, GHRP-2 and Tyr-Ala-HEX had the same significant stimulatory effect on PRL (14.9+/-2.5, 12.3+/-2.0 and 10.0+/-1.5 microg/l; 497.8+/-61.8, 480.4+/-66.9 and 415.8+/-58.5 microg*min/l), ACTH (48.0+/-10.1, 51.4+/-10.6 and 44.9+/-12.2 pg/ml; 1531.6+/-235.7, 1586.7+/-277.0 and 1338.1+/-164.5 pg*min/ml) and cortisol (179.9+/-10.0, 181.2+/-14.1 and 149.7+/-20.1 microg/l; 8465.0+/-406.6, 8689.2+/-788.1 and 6295.2+/-797.0 microg*min/l). Also the mean Tmax of the endocrine responses to HEX, GHRP-2 and Tyr-Ala-HEX were similar. In conclusion, the present results demonstrate that in humans Tyr-Ala-HEX is a GH secretagogue as potent as HEX and GHRP-2, two GHRP-6 superanalogs. Tyr-Ala-HEX also shares with HEX and GHRP-2 the same PRL- ACTH- and cortisol-releasing activity.
authors: Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università di Torino, Italy.
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Arvat
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Di Vito
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Lanfranco
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Broglio
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Giordano
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Benso
authors: G P
authors: GP
authors: Muccioli
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Deghenghi
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Ghigo
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006133:Growth Substances; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010919:Placebos; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010919:Placebos; C119142:tyrosyl-alanyl-hexarelin; C086184:hexarelin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; C041048:growth hormone releasing hexapeptide; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D011388:Prolactin; D006854:Hydrocortisone