title: Immunodeficiency syndrome in a 3-year-old llama.
abstract: An adult, castrated male llama was presented for evaluation of a chronic respiratory problem. Complete blood analyses indicated a leukopenia and hypoproteinemia. Radial immunodiffusion, bone marrow core, and lymph node biopsies supported a tentative diagnosis of juvenile llama immunodeficiency syndrome. This diagnosis was confirmed by postmortem findings.
authors: Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Sivasankar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002161:Camelids, New World / Q000276:immunology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D007107:Immune System / Q000473:pathology; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*