title: Gender differences in cardiovascular and catecholamine responses to cold-air exposure at rest.
abstract: Metabolic and cardiovascular responses were examined in 8 men and 9 women during 2 hrs of sitting at rest in 5 degrees C. The men and women had similar body fatness and both groups responded with similar changes relative to control in cardiac output, blood pressure, total peripheral resistance, VO2, respiratory exchange ratio, and rectal temperature. However, greater increases in stroke volume and decreases in heart rate and skin temperature were observed in men compared to women (p < 0.05). The contribution of CHO and fat to the total energy expended differed (p < 0.05) between genders; the CHO:fat ratio was 47:53 in men and 36:64 in women. No gender differences could be observed in plasma catecholamines. It is concluded that there are striking cardiovascular and metabolic gender differences in response to cold stress which cannot be accounted for by body fatness or catecholamine responses.
authors: Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada.
authors: S E
authors: SE
authors: Pettit
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Marchand
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Graham
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012881:Skin Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine