title: The UV waveband dependencies in mice differ for the suppression of contact hypersensitivity, delayed-type hypersensitivity and cis-urocanic acid formation.
abstract: Solar radiation contains ultraviolet B (280-315 nm) and ultraviolet A (ultraviolet AII, 315-340 nm; ultraviolet AI, 340-400 nm) wavebands. Ultraviolet B is known to suppress certain aspects of cell mediated immunity. Using three ultraviolet lamps (the broad-band ultraviolet B TL-12, the narrow-band ultraviolet B TL-01 and an ultraviolet AI source), we investigated the dose and waveband dependencies for the suppression of contact hypersensitivity to oxazolone and delayed-type hypersensitivity to herpes simplex virus, plus the formation of cis-urocanic acid in C3H/HeN mice. A single exposure of 1500 J/m2 TL-12 or 10,000 J/m2 TL-01 or 500,000 J/m2 ultraviolet AI corresponded to 1 minimum erythema dose in this mouse strain. The percentage of cis-urocanic acid of the total urocanic acid rose from a background level of 1.7% to 40% with 1000 J/m2 TL-12 or 10,000 J/m2 TL-01, but only 17% cis-urocanic acid was obtained with 500,000 J/m2 ultraviolet AI. The contact hypersensitivity response was significantly suppressed after a minimum dose of 5000 J/m2 TL-12 or 50,000 J/m2 TL-01 or 500,000 J/m2 ultraviolet AI. The delayed-type hypersensitivity response was suppressed by a minimum dose of 100 J/m2 TL-12 or 10,000 J/m2 TL-01 or 1000 J/m2 ultraviolet AI. So, whereas a low dose of ultraviolet AI reduced the delayed-type hypersensitivity response, a 500-fold higher dose was required to suppress contact hypersensitivity. There was no correlation between the suppression of these responses and the concentration of cis-urocanic acid in the skin. Thus different mediators may modulate the various immune responses affected by ultraviolet exposure, depending on the wavelength of the radiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, UK.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El-Ghorr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Norval
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000473:pathology*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004890:Erythema / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D010081:Oxazolone / Q000494:pharmacology; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000276:immunology; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D014560:Urocanic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010081:Oxazolone; D014560:Urocanic Acid