title: Trichostatin A up-regulates human papillomavirus type 11 upstream regulatory region-E6 promoter activity in undifferentiated primary human keratinocytes.
abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) gene expression in squamous epithelia is differentiation dependent in benign patient lesions and in organotypic raft cultures of primary human keratinocytes (PHKs). Using the lacZ reporter in raft cultures, we previously showed that this transcriptional regulation of the HPV type 11 (HPV-11) enhancer-promoter located in the upstream regulatory region (URR) appears to have resulted from coordination between the transcription transactivators AP1, Oct1, and Sp1 in differentiated upper strata and the repressor C/EBP in proliferating basal cells. We report here that trichostatin A, a specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase, dramatically stimulated reporter gene activity from the wild-type HPV-11 URR or the C/EBP mutation in PHKs grown in undifferentiated submerged cultures. In epithelial raft cultures, up-regulation occurred predominantly in basal and parabasal strata; this effect was promoter specific, as expression of the lacZ reporter gene driven by the murine leukemia virus long terminal repeat (LTR), the keratin 14 promoter, or the involucrin promoter was not altered, nor was expression of endogenous keratin 10 and profilaggrin affected. However, the responses were not cell type or species specific, as identical results were observed for both HPV-11 URR-lacZ and LTR-lacZ in murine retrovirus producer cell lines of fibroblast origin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0005, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Noya
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Townes
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Broker
mesh_terms: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000821:virology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020079:Terminal Repeat Sequences; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C012589:trichostatin A; D006655:Histone Deacetylases