title: The sense of coherence index and the irritable bowel syndrome. A cross-sectional comparison among irritable bowel syndrome patients with and without coexisting fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome non-patients, and controls.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sense of Coherence (SOC) is a global orientation that affects coping with stressors. A strong SOC is associated with better health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate SOC among patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-nine IBS patients and 72 matched controls completed questionnaires and were tested for fibromyalgia (FS). The controls were subdivided into healthy controls (n = 49) or IBS non-patients (n = 23), and the patients into IBS only (n = 54) or IBS and FS (n = 25).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean SOC score was higher for the controls than for the IBS patients (65.7+/-1.2 and 59.6+/-1.1, respectively; P = 0.003). There was no significant difference between the healthy controls and the IBS non-patients. The controls had a higher SOC than patients with IBS only and patients with IBS and FS (P = 0.0004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An association was found between IBS and SOC. No causality can be inferred from this study. Individuals with low SOC may be more likely to express symptoms in terms of psychologic distress and increased health care utilization because of poor coping skills. Conversely, the presence of IBS may affect SOC negatively. Further longitudinal studies could clarify the potential of SOC as a predictor variable (for example, for treatment results) or an outcome variable.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Gastroenterology, Soroka Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Sperber
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carmel
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Atzmon
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Weisberg
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shalit
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fich
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buskila
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003109:Colonic Diseases, Functional / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011581:Psychological Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires