title: Detection of histamine-induced capillary protein leakage and hypovolaemia by determination of indocyanine green and glucose dilution method in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The plasma volume of histamine-induced protein capillary leakage may be overestimated when this is determined using the indocyanine green (ICG) dilution method (Vd-ICG), since this dye binds to plasma proteins. The initial distribution volume of glucose (IDVG) has been shown to indicate the central extracellular fluid volume including plasma. Accordingly, the overestimation would be detected by a higher Vd-ICG/IDVG ratio. Our study was intended to examine whether the simultaneous measurement of these two variables can evaluate histamine-induced protein leakage and associated hypovolaemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional animal research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four anaesthetized and ventilated mongrel dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anaesthetized animals were mechanically ventilated and received infusions of normal saline (n = 8), histamine 50 microg/kg per h (n = 8), or histamine 100 microg/kg per h. The Vd-ICG and IDVG were calculated using a one-compartment model by simultaneous administration of ICG 0.5 mg/kg, and glucose 100 mg/kg followed by serial arterial blood sampling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both histamine groups, a significant elevation of haematocrit and a decrease of plasma albumin concentration were found (p<0.05). Although the IDVG decreased following histamine administration (p<0.05), the Vd-ICG remained unchanged. The Vd-ICG/IDVG ratio increased in a dose-dependent manner after histamine administration (p<0.05), but remained unchanged following normal saline administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the Vd-ICG/IDVG ratio and the IDVG are useful in evaluating the magnitude of the leakage and hypovolaemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hirosaki School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hashiba
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019559:Capillary Leak Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006632:Histamine; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D012769:Shock / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D012709:Serum Albumin; D006632:Histamine; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D005947:Glucose