title: Combined inhibin and CA125 assays in the detection of ovarian cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The reproductive hormone inhibin has been used as a diagnostic marker of ovarian mucinous and granulosa cell cancers. The aims of this study were to develop a new inhibin immunofluorometric assay (alphaC IFMA) to replace an inhibin RIA as a diagnostic marker of these ovarian cancers and to assess whether the alphaC IFMA in combination with CA125, which detects serous cancers, leads to an improved biochemical diagnosis of all ovarian cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum inhibin concentrations were determined in healthy postmenopausal women (n = 165) and women with ovarian cancers (n = 154), using an inhibin RIA and an alphaC IFMA, which detects inhibin forms containing the alphaC subunit as well as the free alphaC subunit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The alphaC IFMA gave a similar or better discrimination of mucinous (90% vs 71%) and granulosa cell (100% vs 100%) cancers compared with the inhibin RIA. Combination of CA125 and alphaC IFMA values by canonical variate analysis or by multiROC analysis showed that the percentage of all ovarian cancers detected was significantly increased compared with either CA125 or alphaC IFMA alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The alphaC IFMA shows a similar or better specificity compared with the RIA, but with increased sensitivity. In combination with CA125, the alphaC IFMA provides an effective dual test for the detection of the majority (90%) of ovarian cancers.
authors.affiliation: Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia. robertson@med.monash.edu.au
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cahir
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mamers
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: McCloud
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pettersson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGuckin
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D015200:Fluoroimmunoassay; D006106:Granulosa Cell Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007265:Inhibins / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017698:Postmenopause; D012372:ROC Curve; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D018394:CA-125 Antigen; D007265:Inhibins