title: Lack of local anaesthetic efficacy of fentanyl in the abaxial sesamoid block model.
abstract: Fentanyl and other opioid drugs have their effect in the central nervous system; however, activity at peripheral sites has also been demonstrated. Pain-suppression activity at peripheral sites raises the possibility of skilled individuals producing local anaesthetic effects with small doses of opioid drugs that would be difficult to detect forensically and could be used to affect the outcome of a race. Therefore, the local pain-suppression effect (peripheral nerve inhibition) of fentanyl was tested using an abaxial sesamoid block/hoof withdrawal model. With this model, fentanyl did not produce significant anaesthesia when tested in eight Thoroughbred horses. This suggests that fentanyl at this or lower doses is unlikely to reduce pain perception when applied directly to sensory neurons. However, the effect of fentanyl and other opioids on joint pain perception of horses, especially inflamed joints, is unknown.
authors.affiliation: Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center and the Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0099, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Harkins
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tobin
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005552:Forelimb; D006736:Horses / Q000378:metabolism*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000662:veterinary; D009407:Nerve Block; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005283:Fentanyl