title: Triple rubber band ligation for hemorrhoids: prospective, randomized trial of use of local anesthetic injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rubber band ligation is a common office procedure for hemorrhoids. Triple rubber band ligation in a single session has been shown to be a safe and economical way of treating hemorrhoids. However, postligation discomfort after triple rubber band ligation is not uncommon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of local anesthetic injection to the banded hemorrhoidal tissue in reducing postligation discomfort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients attending an outpatient clinic for symptomatic hemorrhoids suitable for triple rubber band ligation were randomly assigned to two groups. In the treatment group rubber band ligation was performed at three columns of hemorrhoids, and 1 to 2 ml of 2 percent lignocaine was injected into the banded hemorrhoidal tissue. In the control group triple rubber band ligation was performed in a similar manner, but local anesthetic was not given. Patients were followed up by telephone at the second week and in the clinic after six weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From April to August 1996, 101 patients entered the trial and were treated with triple rubber band ligation. Sixty-two patients were randomly assigned to the local anesthetic injection group and 39 to the control group. Overall good to excellent results occurred in 89 percent of patients, and there was no difference between the two groups. Postligation pain occurred in 26 and 20 percent of patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively (P > 0.05). Postligation tenesmus occurred in 32 and 41 percent of patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively (P > 0.05). No patients suffered from septic complications or bleeding that required transfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Triple rubber band ligation in a single session is a safe, economical, and effective way of treating symptomatic hemorrhoids. Postligation pain and tenesmus occurred in 24 and 37 percent, respectively. Discomfort was usually tolerable. Local anesthetic injection to the banded hemorrhoidal tissue did not help to reduce postligation discomfort.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong Medical Centre, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005260:Female; D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local