title: Single-dose oral ciprofloxacin compared with cefotaxime and placebo for prophylaxis during transurethral surgery.
abstract: To determine the efficacy and safety of single-dose oral ciprofloxacin prophylaxis for the prevention of post-operative bacteriuria following transurethral resection of the prostate or bladder tumour, a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Five hundred and eighteen patients were randomized in a 2:2:1 ratio to receive ciprofloxacin 500 mg, cefotaxime 1 g or placebo 30-90 min before surgery. Of the 368 efficacy-evaluable patients, five (3.3%) ciprofloxacin, seven (4.8%) cefotaxime and five (7.0%) placebo recipients had post-operative bacteriuria (> or = 10(4) cfu/mL) during post-operative days 2-15. Five (3.4%) ciprofloxacin, five (3.4%) cefotaxime and one (2.4%) placebo recipients were considered clinical failures, of whom one, two and one patients, respectively, had concomitant bacteriuria. Drug-related adverse events were reported in six of 204 (3%) ciprofloxacin, 12 of 197 (6%) cefotaxime and one of 101 (1%) placebo patients. The observed rates of post-operative bacteriuria suggest that a single 500 mg dose of ciprofloxacin is suitable prophylaxis for transurethral surgery.
authors.affiliation: The Urology Center of Florida, Ocala 32674, USA.
authors.forename: I W
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Klimberg
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Malek
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Whalen
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Kowalsky
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Echols
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D010919:Placebos; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002439:Cefotaxime