An experimental multivalent bovine virus diarrhea virus E2 subunit vaccine and two experimental conventionally inactivated vaccines induce partial fetal protection in sheep.
The primary aim of a bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccine is to prevent transplacental transmission of virus. We studied the efficacy of two experimental conventionally inactivated vaccines, based on BVDV strain Singer and containing a different antigen amount, against three antigenically different BVDV strains in a vaccination-challenge experiment in sheep. We also studied the efficacy of an experimental multivalent E2 subunit vaccine against four antigenically different BVDV strains. The vaccine contained the glycoproteins E2 of BVDV strains that belong to antigenic groups IA, IB and II. All three vaccines induced neutralizing antibodies against all challenge strains. Only the conventional vaccine that contained the highest antigen amount induced complete protection against homologous challenge. Neither of the conventional vaccines provided complete protection against heterologous challenge. The multivalent subunit vaccine induced partial protection against the homologous challenge strains. However, the immune response did inhibit virus replication in ewes, as shown by the results of the virus titrations.
Bruschke
C J
CJ
Institute for Animal Science and Health, Department of Mammalian Virology, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
van Oirschot
J T
JT
van Rijn
P A
PA
D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D002417:Cattle; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D005333:Fetus / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010920:Placenta / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D014779:Virus Replication
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C076551:gp53, bovine viral diarrhea virus