title: Attributional styles in boys with severe behaviour problems: a possible reason for lack of progress on a positive behaviour programme.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The number of exclusions from British schools has been increasing in recent years: the vast majority are because of disruptive behaviour. Increasing the effectiveness of behaviour control is therefore a priority for educators.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study tests the hypothesis that children who do not respond well to a behaviour modification regime exhibit a depressed attributional style.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample comprised 26 boys aged 7-11 in a special day school for children with behaviour problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were interviewed about positive and negative aspects of school life: responses were coded using the Leeds Attributional Coding System (Stratton et al., 1988). School records were then used to identify children making good progress through the Positive Behaviour Programme (N = 13) and those making little or no progress (N = 8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean proportions of stable, global, internal, personal and controllable attributions were compared by progress group (high/low) and outcome (positive/negative) using mixed-design ANOVA. High progress children made significantly more global and internal attributions for positive than for negative events, while low progress children made more personal attributions for negative than for positive events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A depressed attributional style may act as a barrier which hinders the generalisation and internalisation of traditional behaviour modification methods. Increased teacher-awareness of attribution could increase the effectiveness of remedial programmes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK. m.j.eslea@uclan.ac.uk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eslea
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D006380:Helplessness, Learned; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D012649:Self Concept; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012938:Social Perception; D014040:Token Economy; D016896:Treatment Outcome