title: Development of a rubella virus DNA vaccine.
abstract: Two rubella virus DNA vaccines were constructed from a cDNA clone of the rubella virus genomic RNA, one which contained the coding sequences for all three virion proteins (C, E2 and E1) and one which contained the two envelope glycoproteins (E2 and E1). When used to immunize mice via gene gun delivery, both constructs induced an antibody response of equivalent titer to that induced by rubella virus that persisted for at least seven months. A booster injection given four weeks after the initial injection increased antibody titers by over thirty-fold. The antibody response in DNA vaccine-injected mice was directed primarily against the E1 glycoprotein, as was the case in rubella virus-injected mice, and neutralizing activity was detected. These DNA vaccines are thus prototypes for a nonreplicating rubella virus vaccine that could be used in specialized circumstances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA.
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Pougatcheva
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Abernathy
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Vzorov
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Compans
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Frey
mesh_terms: D000372:Agglutination Tests; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D019470:Biolistics; D002460:Cell Line; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D012411:Rubella Vaccine / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D012412:Rubella virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012411:Rubella Vaccine; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C074573:nucleocapsid protein (C), rubella virus; C040901:rubella antibodies; C061826:E1 envelope protein, Rubella virus; C061827:E2 envelope protein, Rubella virus