title: A leucine-rich repeat protein of carrot that exhibits antifreeze activity.
abstract: A gene encoding an antifreeze protein (AFP) was isolated from carrot (Daucus carota) using sequence information derived from the purified protein. The carrot AFP is highly similar to the polygalacturonase inhibitor protein (PGIP) family of apoplastic plant leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins. Expression of the AFP gene is rapidly induced by low temperatures. Furthermore, expression of the AFP gene in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants leads to an accumulation of antifreeze activity. Our findings suggest that a new type of plant antifreeze protein has recently evolved from PGIPs.
authors.affiliation: Shell International Renewables, Forestry Research Unit, East Malling, West Malling, UK. knut.meyer@usa.dupont.com
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Naldrett
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D021301:Antifreeze Proteins; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005615:Freezing; D015870:Gene Expression; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007930:Leucine / Q000737:chemistry; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020449:Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D021301:Antifreeze Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D018744:DNA, Plant; D006023:Glycoproteins; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; C081479:PGIP protein, plant; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D011096:Polygalacturonase; D007930:Leucine