title: The evaluation of a consultation service for delivery of substance abuse services in a hospital setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the institutional impact of a substance abuse consultation service in a hospital setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment and matched comparison groups were compared on five outcome variables: length of stay, total cost, reimbursement, readmission, and appropriateness of care. The treatment group consisted of patients with discharge diagnoses falling into targeted Diagnostic Resource Groups (DRGs) and who received a substance abuse consultation. The comparison group consisted of patients with the same targeted DRGs, a coexisting substance abuse diagnosis, and who did not receive a substance abuse consultation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences were found for the five outcome variables. Findings closely approached statistical significance for rate of readmission with treatment patients being less likely to be readmitted during the 12 months following the consultation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although cost savings were not found during the hospitalization when the substance abuse consultation was provided, the data suggests that the consultation may reduce the need for readmission during the year following discharge.
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Knisely
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Dawson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008873:Mid-Atlantic Region; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000592:standards*; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / Q000592:standards*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*