title: Relationship between fertilization results after intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and intrafollicular steroid, pituitary hormone and cytokine concentrations.
abstract: Previous studies relating hormone and cytokine concentrations in follicular fluid to oocyte fertilizability were flawed by the uncertainty about the actual oocyte maturity status at the time of recovery and by the possible contribution of the male factor to failures of conventional in-vitro fertilization. This is the first study in which oocyte maturity was assessed immediately after recovery and only mature oocytes were selected for treatment by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertilization outcomes were related to follicular fluid concentrations of 17beta-oestradiol, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha). Those oocytes that subsequently showed normal fertilization were harvested from follicles with higher concentrations of progesterone, GH, PRL, IL-1 and TNF alpha as compared with those of oocytes that failed to fertilize. Among the normally fertilized oocytes, low GH concentrations were associated with the failure of cleavage and with poor morphology of cleaving embryos, whereas rapidly cleaving embryos developed from oocytes recovered from follicles with high concentrations of LH and IL-1. These data suggest important roles for GH, IL-1 and TNF alpha, and of residual LH after pituitary suppression, as positive regulators of the final phase of oocyte intrafollicular development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mendoza
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cremades
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Requena
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernabeu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tesarik
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D004958:Estradiol / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000032:analysis; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010907:Pituitary Hormones / Q000032:analysis*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D011388:Prolactin / Q000032:analysis; D013256:Steroids / Q000032:analysis*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D010907:Pituitary Hormones; D013256:Steroids; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D011388:Prolactin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone