title: Transitions in employment, morbidity, and disability among persons ages 51-61 with musculoskeletal and non-musculoskeletal conditions in the US, 1992-1994.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide estimates of the prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions in a sample of persons ages 51-61 living in the community in the US in 1992, to indicate the incidence of such conditions between 1992 and 1994, and to describe the proportion of individuals with these conditions who developed or recovered from disability and who left and entered employment during this time.
  
  
  METHODS
  The estimates were derived from the Health and Retirement Survey, consisting of data on a national probability sample of 8,739 persons, ages 51-61, who were interviewed in the community in 1992 and reinterviewed in 1994.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 1992, 62.4% of persons (14.4 million) between the ages of 51 and 61 years reported at least 1 musculoskeletal condition; the rate increased to 70.5% by 1994. More than 40% of persons with musculoskeletal conditions reported disability, which was almost 90% of all persons with disability in this age group. Persons with musculoskeletal conditions had lower employment rates, were less likely to enter employment, and were more likely to leave employment compared with persons without these conditions. High rates of disability account for much of these differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Musculoskeletal conditions affected more than two-thirds of persons ages 51-61 and accounted for all but 10% of those with disabilities. The prevention of disability among such persons should improve their employment prospects.
authors.affiliation: Arthritis Research Group, San Francisco, California 94143-0920, USA.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Yelin
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Trupin
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sebesta
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015995:Prevalence; D012179:Retirement; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology