title: Roughage revisited: the effect on intestinal function of inert plastic particles of different sizes and shape.
abstract: The mechanisms by which dietary fiber exerts its laxative action are not fully understood. Finely grinding wheat bran reduces its effect. Inert plastic particles are equipotent to bran if they consist of flakes or sliced tubing. It is not known whether altering the size or shape of inert particles alters their effect on intestinal function. In a randomized crossover study, 18 volunteers swallowed 24 g/day of plastic as branlike flakes or as small granules for 10-12 days with a two-week washout period between interventions. Whole-gut transit time (WGTT), orocecal transit time (OCTT), defecation frequency, stool form, stool water content, stool pH, and dietary intake were assessed. The plastic flakes caused a 24% (P < 0.001) reduction in WGTT and a 19% (P = 0.002) fall in OCTT. Resultant and appropriate changes in stool form, interdefecatory intervals (IDI), and stool weight were seen. The small granules did not cause any significant change in WGTT or OCTT, although IDI did decrease and stool output and stool form score increased. The stimulant effect of solid particles in the intestinal lumen upon transit time is influenced by the morphology of the particles.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Heaton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003672:Defecation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005243:Feces; D005260:Female; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010316:Particle Size; D010969:Plastics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010969:Plastics