title: Erythrocyte hemolysis and shape changes induced by new lysine-derivate surfactants.
abstract: The effects of new synthetic lysine-derived anionic surfactants on human and rat erythrocytes were studied. The surfactants were salts of Nalpha,Nepsilon-dioctanoyl lysine with different counterions: lysine (77KK), tris (trishydroxymethyl amminomethane) (77KT), sodium (77KS), and lithium (77KL). 77KK and 77KT showed a biphasic hemolytic behavior in the erythrocytes. The surfactants 77KS and 77KL showed concentration-dependent hemolysis with a CH50 of about 3.4 and 2.6 mmol/l, respectively. 77KK and 77KT induced protection against hypotonic hemolysis in rat erythrocytes at the concentration which showed the least hemolytic activity under isotonic conditions. With human erythrocytes, 77KT did not show biphasic behavior in isotonic medium, but under hypotonic conditions biphasic behavior was present. Changes in shape of the erythrocyte, from discocytic to stomatocytic were observed after incubation with the anionic surfactants studied. Such shape changes occurred progressively over time, with total alteration in shape occuring after about 20 min of incubation.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Fisiologia-Divisió IV, Facultat de Farmàcia, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vives
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Infante
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Selve
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maugras
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Vinardell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D008239:Lysine; D015394:Molecular Structure; D051381:Rats; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013500:Surface Tension; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D008239:Lysine