title: Efficacy of bupropion for smoking cessation in smokers with a former history of major depression or alcoholism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A past history of major depression or alcoholism has been associated with poorer smoking treatment outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of bupropion for smoking cessation in smokers with a former history of major depression or alcoholism, and changes in depressive symptoms during smoking abstinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were drawn from a multicentre trial of bupropion for smoking cessation. Smokers (n = 615) received placebo or bupropion sustained-release at 100, 150, or 300 mg/day for six weeks after target quit date (TQD). The primary outcome was the point prevalence smoking abstinence at the end of treatment and at one year. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess depressive symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant dose-response effect of bupropion for smoking cessation was found. This was independent of history of major depression or alcoholism. Among those continuously abstinent from smoking for two weeks following TQD, an increase in BDI score was associated with a return to smoking at end of treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bupropion is efficacious for smoking cessation independently of a former history of major depression or alcoholism. Increases in depressive symptoms during an initial period of abstinence are associated with a return to smoking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hayford
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Patten
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Rummans
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Offord
authors.forename: I T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Croghan
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Glover
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Sachs
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hurt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications*; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016642:Bupropion / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D016642:Bupropion