title: Myocardial infarction and death after caesarean section in a woman with protein S deficiency and undiagnosed phaeochromocytoma.
abstract: We describe the case of a 36-year-old woman, with a previous history of recurrent abortion due to protein S deficiency, undergoing an elective Caesarean section at 39-weeks gestation. During pregnancy no signs of hypertension or cardiovascular disease were reported, but at the end of the surgical procedure, the patient developed acute hypertension, leading to myocardial infarction, severe heart failure and death. The autopsy revealed a 2-cm undiagnosed phaeochromocytoma in the right adrenal gland. Clinical diagnostic features of phaeochromocytoma during pregnancy as well as the main therapeutic approaches suggested in the literature are discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Milan, Department of Anaesthesiology, IRCCS H. San Raffaele, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zangrillo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valentini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casati
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Torri
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000209:etiology; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000209:etiology; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology*; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000150:complications*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic; D018455:Protein S Deficiency / Q000150:complications*