title: [Bologna procedure in stress urinary incontinence with stage III cystocele (with or without vaginal hysterectomy)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The vaginal approach constitutes a solution for all types of urinary stress incontinence (USI). The type of surgery depends on the position of the bladder neck and urethra, the quality of the sphincter and the severity of genital prolapse. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Bologna procedure in the treatment of urinary stress incontinence (USI) with stage III cystocele.
  
  
  METHODS
  This procedure can repair genital prolapse and USI via a 2 cm suprapubic incision, with vaginal hysterectomy, and intraoperative cystoscopy. The patient is placed in the lithotomy position and a Crossen T-shaped vaginal incision is made releasing the anterior wall and allowing the creation of 2 pedicled vaginal flaps posterior to the urethral meatus. The flaps, passed through the suprapubic pelvic fascia, support the bladder neck by means of 2 nonresorbable sutures to the rectus abdominis muscles. Fifty-four patients were treated by the Bologna procedure with or without vaginal hysterectomy from 1990 to 1996 and were reviewed with a mean follow-up of 30 months (16 to 46 months). All women (mean age: 63.4 years) underwent a preoperative clinical examination, renal ultrasound, cystoscopy and urodynamic assessment (37 cases).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve patients developed postoperative complications (9 local infections, 3 cases of deep vein thrombosis with one pulmonary embolism). All complications were treated by local drainage and/or removal of the suspension sutures. Continence was excellent in 45 women (83.3%), improved in 4 (7.4%), and unchanged in 5 (9.3%). The anatomical results were excellent with correction of prolapse in 48 patients (89%). Six patients subsequently developed prolapse of the vaginal dome and 5 complained of voiding discomfort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  USI and genital prolapse must be treated simultaneously. The vaginal approach is minimally invasive and can treat both diseases during the same operation.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Urologie, CHU de Rennes, France.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: el Khader
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guillé
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mhidia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ziadé
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Patard
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lobel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007045:Hysterectomy, Vaginal; D007902:Length of Stay; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery