title: Costimulation reverses the defect in IL-2 but not effector cytokine production by T cells with impaired IkappaBalpha degradation.
abstract: Although the transcriptional basis for states of unresponsiveness in primary T cells is unclear, tolerant B lymphocytes exhibit inhibition of both c-Jun N-terminal kinase induction and IkappaBalpha (inhibitor of NF-kappaBalpha) degradation, leading to lower levels of both nuclear AP-1 and NF-kappaB. Expression of an IkappaBalpha mutant resistant to signal-induced degradation in transgenic T cells caused markedly deficient effector cytokine (IL-4, IFN-gamma) production after primary TCR stimulation despite a detectable level of nuclear NF-kappaB. A TCR response element from the IFN-gamma promoter, despite lacking detectable NF-kappaB/Rel sites, was also unresponsive to TCR ligation. Nuclear induction of AP-1 proteins in response to T cell activation was diminished in transgenic T cells. Costimulation induced by anti-CD28 mAb increased IL-2 production, but failed to reverse the defects in effector cytokine production. Taken together, these data indicate that impaired NF-kappaB/Rel signaling in T cells interferes with the signal transduction pathways required for efficient induction of effector cytokine production.
authors.affiliation: Departments ofMedicine (Rheumatology) and Microbiology/Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Aune
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mora
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boothby
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lichtman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel; D011940:Receptor Aggregation; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D020218:Response Elements; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D018106:CD28 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606205:Nfkbia protein, mouse; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma