title: Treatment of liver metastases with moderate peritoneal carcinomatosis by hepatectomy and cytoreductive surgery followed by immediate post-operative intraperitoneal chemotherapy: feasibility and preliminary results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) discovered during hepatectomy is usually a contraindication to resection. A potentially efficient treatment of PC is the resection of the macroscopic disease and the treatment of the residual microscopic disease with immediate post-operative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPIC) (before the entrapment of cancer cells inside the fibrin deposit which rapidly cover the injured tissues). Feasibility and survival results of this treatment, combined with major hepatectomy, have never been evaluated. The purpose of this study is to report tolerance and preliminary results in patients with liver metastases synchronous to moderate PC, treated with hepatectomy, complete cytoreductive surgery, and IPIC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients with liver metastases and moderate PC from miscellaneous origins, underwent: 1) hepatectomy (9 of them were major hepatectomies); 2) complete cytoreductive surgery of the PC resecting between 20 and 150 nodules; and, 3) IPIC, for 5 days, according to histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no mortality. Morbidity was mainly due to four transient biliary leakages (33%) and there was no systemic complication due to the chemotherapy. After a median follow-up of 14.4 months, there was no detectable recurrence of the PC. Preliminary results concerning survival are promising with 7 patients without recurrent disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When a minimal or moderate PC is discovered during laparotomy for liver resection of metastases, the combination of hepatectomy with complete cytoreductive surgery of the peritoneal disease, followed with IPIC is logical and feasible. This aggressive treatment is well tolerated although the frequency of biliary leakage seems to be higher than that after standard hepatectomy. No recurrence of the peritoneal disease was detected and survival results are very promising.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncologic Digestive Surgery, Institut Gustave Roussy, Cancer Center Hospital, Villejuif, France. elias@igr.fr
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dube
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bonvalot
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meshaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavalcanti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lasser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D000075202:Contraindications; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome