title: The circadian pattern of the development of ventricular fibrillation in patients with Brugada syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Brugada syndrome is considered to be a distinctive subgroup of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. Identification of the circadian pattern of ventricular fibrillation would contribute to the elucidation of its underlying pathophysiology, but this pattern remains unknown in patients with Brugada syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  and Results A total of 12 consecutive Brugada syndrome patients (46+/-14 years, all male) who underwent implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator were studied. The distribution of the time of ventricular fibrillation detection was examined and classified into four 6-hour time periods of the day. The mean follow-up period following implantation was 777+/-535 days. In six out of the 12 patients, ventricular fibrillation occurred during follow-up. The data logs revealed that ventricular fibrillation was detected 30 times (range, 3-9). Ventricular fibrillation was observed more frequently at night ( 1800 h to 0600 h) than in the day (0600 h to 1800 h) (93.3% [28/30] vs 6.7%[2/30], P<0.001), and during sleep than while awake (86.7% [26/30] vs 13.3%[4/30], P<0.001). Ventricular fibrillation occurred most frequently between midnight and 0600 h in patients with ventricular fibrillation episodes during sleep (76.9% [20/26] vs 23.1%[6/26], P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that increased nocturnal vagal activity and withdrawal sympathetic activity may play an important role in the arrhythmogenesis of the Brugada syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inagaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kakishita
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aihara
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamakura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimomura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002037:Bundle-Branch Block / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D013577:Syndrome; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy