title: Repeated administration of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol produces a differential time related responsiveness on proenkephalin, proopiomelanocortin and corticotropin releasing factor gene expression in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland of the rat.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to explore the time related effects of repeated administration of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on opioid and corticotropin releasing factor gene expression in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland of the rat. By using in situ hybridization histochemistry, the effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 5 mg/kg per day; i.p.) were examined after 1, 3, 7 and 14 days of repeated administration on; (1) proenkephalin gene expression in the paraventricular (PVN) and ventromedial nuclei (VMN) of the hypothalamus, (2) proopiomelanocortin gene expression in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus and anterior (AL) and intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary gland, and (3) corticotropin releasing factor gene expression in the PVN. The results revealed that, in most of the hypothalamic and pituitary regions examined, repeated cannabinoid administration upregulates opioid and corticotropin releasing factor gene expression. However, the onset, the degree of magnitude of gene expression reached and the time related effects produced by repeated administration with delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol are dependent upon the brain and pituitary regions examined. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that cannabinoids produce a time related differential responsiveness in opioid and corticotropin releasing factor gene expression, in areas of the hypothalamus and pituitary that may be related, at least in part, to a molecular integrative response to behavioral, endocrine and neurochemical alterations that occur in cannabinoid drug abuse.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Cornplutense de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Corchero
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manzanares
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fuentes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D010286:Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010904:Pituitary Gland, Posterior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin / Q000235:genetics*; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D014697:Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004745:Enkephalins; D011498:Protein Precursors; C029992:proenkephalin; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin; D013759:Dronabinol; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone