title: History of agricultural injury among farmers in Alabama and Mississippi: prevalence, characteristics, and associated factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been no studies of the prevalence, characteristics, and factors associated with the history of prior farm injury among active farmers. No studies have had adequate numbers of black farmers to evaluate farm owner/farm worker and black/white similarities and differences.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our sample is based upon surveys administered to 1,310 active male farmers in nine rural counties in Alabama (5) and Mississippi (4). The farmers are white owner/operators (53.6%), black owner/operators (26.6%), and black workers (19.8%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 23.4% of the farmers had a prior injury. Prior injury was more frequent among white owner/operators (29.1%), compared with black workers (18.9%), and black owner/operators (15.2%). In multiple logistic regression analyses, post-high school education and tiredness when farming were independently associated with prior injury in black owner/operators. In white owner/operators, age > or = 60 years, post-high school education, full-time farming, tractor use, more pieces of machinery, hurry when farming, and alcohol consumption were associated with prior injury. In black workers, only being very careful was associated with prior injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that prevention efforts focusing on alcohol consumption, fatigue, and hurry when farming might reduce injuries; however, only a follow-up study of this sample can determine whether these associations reflect causal factors, recall, or selection bias.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-0022, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lyman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McGwin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Enochs
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Roseman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000367:Age Factors; D000383:Agriculture / Q000295:instrumentation; D000407:Alabama / Q000453:epidemiology; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005221:Fatigue / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008922:Mississippi / Q000453:epidemiology; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012423:Rural Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data