title: [Repeated driving under influence].
abstract: Many drivers arrested for driving under the influence have earlier been arrested and convicted for a similar type of violation. The article reviews Norwegian studies on car drivers influenced by alcohol, other drugs than alcohol, and also drivers influenced by amphetamine. The results show that between 10 and 30% of drivers convicted for driving under the influence of alcohol, are rearrested two or more times for the same violation during a subsequent three year period. The recurrence rate is dependent on blood alcohol concentration at the selection time. The recurrence rate among drivers under the influence of drugs other than alcohol is significantly larger (up to 54%), when studied over the same three year period. The number of drivers influenced by amphetamine has increased dramatically during recent years. The recurrence rate among drivers influenced by amphetamine is on part with that of drivers using other drugs than alcohol. There are indications that an increasing number of drunken drivers have changed their abuse pattern during recent years from alcohol to illegal drugs such as amphetamine.
authors.affiliation: Statens rettstoksikologiske institutt, Oslo.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Skurtveit
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Christophersen
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Beylich
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mørland
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000097:blood; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000097:blood; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D012008:Recurrence; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D000431:Ethanol; D000661:Amphetamine