title: Toward an understanding of implant occlusion and strain adaptive bone modeling and remodeling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dental implant failure rates for osseointegration are greater in the highly atro-phic maxilla. Presuming higher failure rates relate to strain-driven adaptation, an enhanced understanding of formative bone response to loading (modeling) and maintenance of an integrated state (remodeling) should improve treatment.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To understand the role of occlusal loading on long-term osseointegration in areas of compromised cancellous bone, a review of the salient features of adaptive bone modeling and remodeling is presented with an emphasis on cancellous bone responses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ability for dental implants to maintain a long-term stable interface in the maxilla lies in the ability of trabecular bone to maintain adequate local material (strength) and architectural (connectivity) properties. In this discussion, an emphasis has been placed on understanding how trabecular bone can respond to the mastication-induced loading environment on an implant.
authors.affiliation: University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. Clark-Stanford@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Brand
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D001284:Atrophy; D001732:Bite Force; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D006801:Humans; D008409:Mastication; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D016348:Osseointegration; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants