title: Prevalence of proteinuria/microalbuminuria in an elderly urban, biethnic community.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalences of urinary abnormalities, notably proteinuria and microalbuminuria, in a randomly selected, biethnic population of Hispanic and nonHispanic white males and females and to determine the effects of diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease on these prevalence rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey of health and health related issues was conducted on 883 volunteers, mean age 74.1 years, selected randomly from the Medicare rolls of Bernallilo County (Albuquerque), New Mexico. The sample consisted of nearly equal numbers of Hispanic and nonHispanic white males and females. A dipstick urinalysis and test for microalbuminuria was performed on a clean void, untimed urine sample as a part of a 4-hour interview/examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 696 participants with complete databases, 10.5% had 1+ or greater proteinuria (30 mg/dL or more) by convential urinalysis dipstick and 19.8% had microalbuminuria (50 mg/L or more) by Micral Chemstrip methodology. Participants with diabetes mellitus (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.54, Confidence Interval (CI) 1.71-3.76, p < 0.001), and/or hypertension (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.46-3.01, p < 0.001) were more likely to have microalbuminuria than participants without either of these conditions. After adjusting for the presence of diabetes and hypertension, there was a trend toward an increased prevalence of coronary heart disease (OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.84-1.81 p = 0.28) in those with microalbuminuria, but this did not reach levels of statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hispanics, even after adjusting for a higher prevalence of diabetes, and for small differences in prevalences of hypertension and coronary heart disease, had more microalbuminuria than nonHispanic whites, and males had more microalbuminuria than females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, USA. rlindeman@salud.unm.edu
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Lindeman
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hundley
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garry
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014504:Urban Health