title: Predominance of CCR5-dependent HIV-1 subtype E isolates in Cambodia.
abstract: To investigate the genetic and biologic features of HIV-1 strains circulating in Cambodia, viruses from 95 HIV-1-seropositive individuals were subtyped by heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) and 23 were further analyzed for their biologic characteristics. Eighty-nine individuals were clearly infected by HIV-1 subtype E. The other six samples were sequenced, together with 17 HMA subtype E samples. All but one of the 23 Cambodian env sequences clustered with previously described Thai and Vietnamese subtype E sequences, bearing a GPGQ motif at the tip of the V3 loop; the last had a GPGR motif and was phylogenetically equidistant from Asian and African subtype E viruses. Nonsyncytium-inducing, CCR5-dependent viruses predominated in patients of clinical stage B even in some with a high viral load and were detected in about 50% of the patients of stage C. All syncytium-inducing strains, mostly from AIDS patients, used both CCR5 and CXCR4. The presence of syncytium-inducing viruses did not correlate with the plasma viral load. These data show that CCR5-dependent HIV-1 subtype E is currently predominant in Cambodia. The analysis of clinical and virologic markers strongly supports the idea that dynamics of the viral population during subtype E infection in Southeast Asia is similar to that of subtype B infection in Europe and the United States.
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Rétrovirus, Paris, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Menu
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Reynes
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Müller-Trutwin
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guillemot
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Versmisse
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiron
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Trouplin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Charneau
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fleury
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barré-Sinoussi
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Sainte Marie
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002160:Cambodia; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005260:Female; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4