title: A new technique of surface anatomy MR scanning of the brain: its application to scalp incision planning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Surface anatomy scanning (SAS) is an established technique for demonstrating the brain's surface. We describe our experience in applying SAS with superposition of MR venograms to preoperative scalp incision planning.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 16 patients, scalp incision planning was done by placing a water-filled plastic tube at the intended incision site when we performed SAS using half-Fourier single-shot fast spin-echo sequences. Two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiograms were obtained to demonstrate the cortical veins and then superimposed upon the SAS images. The added images were compared with surgical findings using a four-point grading scale (0 to 3, poor to excellent).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In each case, neurosurgeons could easily reach the lesion. Surgical findings correlated well with MR angiogram-added SAS images, with an average score of 2.56.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our simple technique is a useful means of preoperatively determining brain surface anatomy and can be used to plan a scalp incision site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katase
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hachiya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiokawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000473:pathology; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D005910:Glioma / Q000601:surgery; D006392:Hemangioma, Cavernous / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008579:Meningioma / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012535:Scalp / Q000601:surgery*