[Adsorption of carbon dioxide gas].
OBJECTIVE
To analyse the various methods for carbon dioxide absorption in anaesthesia, the available absorbents and their modes of use.


METHODS
We searched the Medline and Internet databases for papers using the key words: carbon dioxide absorption, soda-lime, zeolite. We also had correspondence and contacts with soda lime manufacturers.


METHODS
All types of articles containing data on CO2 absorption.


METHODS
The articles were analysed for the benefits and adverse effects of the various absorbents.


RESULTS
Carbon dioxide absorption enables the use of low flow anaesthesia, and a decreased consumption of medical gases and halogenated anaesthetics, as well as reduced pollution. Chemical absorbents (soda-lime and barium hydroxide lime (Baralyme) may produce toxic compounds: carbon monoxide with all halogenated anaesthetics and compound A with sevoflurane. Simple measures against desiccation of the lime prevent carbon monoxide production. The toxicity of compound A, shown in the rat, has not been proven in clinical anaesthesia. Recent improvements in manufacture processes have decreased the powdering of lime. Moreover, filters inserted between the anaesthesia circuit and the patient abolish the risk for powder inhalation.
Juniot
A
A
Département d'anesthésie-réanimation, Hôpital Général, Centre hospitalier universitaire Dijon, France.
Seltzer
S
S
Louvier
N
N
Milesi-Defrance
N
N
Cros-Terraux
N
N
D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry
D017610:Calcium Compounds; D010087:Oxides; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C004569:soda lime; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide