The graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) in the ginbuna crucian carp, Carassius auratus langsdorfii.
A model system of clonal triploid ginbuna and tetraploid ginbuna-goldfish hybrids was employed to demonstrate the presence of graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) in a teleost fish. Tetraploid scale grafts on triploid clone members evoked an acute rejection, whereas the reverse transplants were accepted. When sensitized triploid cells were injected into tetraploid recipients, a typical GVHR was induced, leading to death of the recipients within one month. The onset of illness appeared about one week after cell injection as a loss of appetite and constipation, followed by a scale protrusion, severe haemorrhage, local destruction of the ventral skin and prominent splenomegaly. GVHR was most effectively induced by head-kidney cells and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), followed by spleen and thymus cells. Donors had to be sensitized at least twice by scale grafting to induce the reaction. A considerable number of recipients injected with cells from donors which had been sensitized by allogenetically different tetraploids died, suggesting a limited polymorphism or heavy cross-reactions between the alleles of the histocompatibility antigens. Ploidy analyses revealed that donor cells greatly increased in the host liver and spleen, constituting approximately 30% of total cells after 2 3 weeks. Most of these features of acute GVHR observed in this fish system are quite similar to those found in mammals and birds. thereby suggesting the presence of allo-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in teleosts.
Nakanishi
T
T
National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Tamaki, Mie, Japan. tnakanis@nria-tmk.affrc.go.jp
Ototake
M
M
D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000276:immunology*; D017690:Cell Transplantation / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000209:etiology; D006087:Graft vs Host Reaction / Q000276:immunology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology; D014019:Tissue Donors