title: Sustentacular cells in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of sustentacular cells across the range of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours: typical and atypical carcinoid tumours and large cell and small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sustentacular cells were sought in 80 pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours by immunolabelling for S100 protein, nerve growth factor receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Intratumoural macrophages and Langerhans cells were identified with the KP 1 (CD68) and CD1A antibodies. S100-positive sustentacular cells were present in 25 of 30 typical carcinoids, 200 of 25 atypical tumours, six of 10 large cell carcinomas and six of 15 small cell lesions. They were most numerous in the typical carcinoids but very few in the small cell carcinomas, their prevalance being clearly related to grade of differentiation and, in particular, to the degree of architectural organization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sustentacular cells are often found in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours, especially better-differentiated lesions with a well-developed architecture. their prevalence clearly reflecting the degree of structural organization. Whether their prevalence is a useful prognostic indicator within a particular group of such tumours, such as the atypical carcinoids or the large cell carcinomas, as appears to be the case with paragangliomas, is unclear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gosney
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Denley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Resl
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000473:pathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009418:S100 Proteins