title: Longitudinal patterns of risk for depression in dementia caregivers: objective and subjective primary stress as predictors.
abstract: The present study examined how patterns of risk for depression over 1 year in 188 dementia caregivers (consistently asymptomatic, n = 88; consistently symptomatic, n = 40; changing risk, n = 60) could be predicted by objective (behavior problems of the relative) and subjective (role captivity and overload) primary stress. Results reveal that all primary stressors differentiated caregivers who remained at low levels of symptomatology over the course of 1 year from those who were at risk for experiencing a depressive disorder. In addition, caregivers' subjective experience of role captivity predicted the chronicity of risk. Findings extend prior caregiving research on patterns of depressive symptomatology by highlighting the relationship between subjective primary stressors and stability and change in caregivers' mental health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Ohio 44242-0001, USA. malspaug@kentvm.kent.edu
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Alspaugh
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zarit
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greene
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001526:Behavioral Symptoms / Q000523:psychology; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003704:Dementia / Q000523:psychology*; D003858:Dependency, Psychological; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors