title: The influence of cortical perforations and of space filling with peripheral blood on the kinetics of guided bone generation. A comparative histometric study in the rat.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of cortical perforations and of peripheral blood addition in guided bone generation beyond the skeletal envelope in rats. A total of 30 isogenic adult rats were divided into 3 equal groups. In each rat, two hollow parallelipipedic titanium chambers were placed bilaterally on the calvaria after a periosteal skin flap was raised. While on the right sides (controls) the osseous surface was left intact and the chambers were empty, the cortical bone under the left-side chambers (test sites) was perforated with nine 0.8 mm-diameter holes (group I), or left intact but with the chambers filled with a clot of peripheral blood (group II). In group III, both procedures were combined in the test sites. The healing was assessed at 4, 8 and 16 weeks after surgery by histologic and computer-assisted histometric analysis. The results demonstrated a substantial augmentation of on average 141% (SD 18) of the skull's thickness after 16 weeks in the controls, indicating that a predictable bone formation can be achieved beneath completely occlusive barriers over a non-injured cortical layer. In all test groups, a significantly larger bone augmentation was observed after 16 weeks compared to the control sites 172.8% (SD 41.7) in group I (P < 0.05), 172.0% (SD 18.4) in group II (P < 0.05) and 221.5% (SD 42.3) in group III (P < 0.001), demonstrating that stimulating blood supply and bone forming cells access by cortical perforations and/or blood clot addition enhances de novo bone formation in this experimental model.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Rompen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Biewer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vanheusden
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zahedi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nusgens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000502:physiology; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D010006:Osteoblasts; D010012:Osteogenesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012886:Skull; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium