title: The use of vancomycin and tobramycin in acrylic bone cement: biomechanical effects and elution kinetics for use in joint arthroplasty.
abstract: We examined the effects of vancomycin on the compressive strength and fatigue life of bone cement and the pharmacokinetics and antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of vancomycin eluted from bone cement, both alone and in combination with tobramycin. Two cements, Palacos and Simplex, were tested. Three antibiotic preparations were tested: lyophilized vancomycin (vancomycin-L), vancomycin powder (vancomycin-P), and tobramycin powder (Lilly, Indianapolis, IN). Although antibiotics did not significantly affect compressive strength, the fatigue life of bone cement was significantly decreased with vancomycin. Thus, fatigue testing revealed effects on cement strength not apparent by compression testing. Vancomycin-P had a substantially less detrimental effect on fatigue strength than vancomycin-L. Vancomycin-P elutes less efficiently than tobramycin. Although relatively little vancomycin-P eluted from bone cement, it retained biologic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klekamp
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: DeBoer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Christie
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001843:Bone Cements; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D011208:Powders; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013718:Tensile Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001843:Bone Cements; D011208:Powders; D014640:Vancomycin; D014031:Tobramycin