title: Changes in root canal morphology in simulated curved canals over-instrumented with a variety of stainless steel and nickel titanium files.
abstract: The purpose of this project was to observe the amount of apical and mid-curve transportation produced by a range of nickel titanium (NiTi), titanium alloy and stainless steel (SS) files. Tests were carried out in simulated curved root canals produced in epoxy resin blocks. Seven commercially available file types were tested using sizes 15 to 40. Instrumentation was carried out to 1 mm beyond the apex. Changes in canal dimensions were measured at 10x magnification under a shadowgraph. There were substantial differences in the amount and the pattern of apical and mid-curve transportation produced. The amount of transportation increased with each subsequent size of file. Under the same conditions, nickel titanium files produced significantly less transportation than stainless steel files. The least apical transportation was obtained with the NiTi Mity Turbo and the most by the SS K file and SS Hedstrom file. The least mid-curve transportation was produced by the NiTi Mity Turbo and the most by the SS Hedstrom file.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, University of Queensland.
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Macfarlane
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Clarkson
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Whitehead
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Brockhurst
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Moule
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009532:Nickel; D011670:Pulpectomy / Q000379:methods; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D013193:Stainless Steel; D014025:Titanium; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D003722:Dental Alloys; D004853:Epoxy Resins; C040654:titanium nickelide; D013193:Stainless Steel; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium