title: Markers of pulmonary inflammation in tracheobronchial fluid of premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome.
abstract: To asses the role of pulmonary inflammation in the outcome of preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) we measured soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta 1) in tracheobronquial lavage (TBL) fluid of 15 preterm infants; 9/15 completely recovered from RDS and 6/15 developed chronic lung disease (CLD). ICAM-1 (p: 0.001) and TGF beta 1 (p: 0.04) levels increased in TBL fluid during the first days of life. The values of ICAM-1 were correlated to the days of 0(2) and mechanical ventilation dependency. At 3 days of age, ICAM-1 levels in TBL fluid were higher in infants who later developed CLD compared to infants without CLD (24.5 vs 8.3 micrograms/ml; p: 0.02). Thereafter no significant differences were found although the CLD group had higher values. IL-8 levels showed a fall, specially from 1 to 3 days of age in children without CLD (77.0 to 41.7 ng/ml) although not significant. No difference in TGF beta 1 values were found between both groups, but the TGF beta 1 levels were lower in patients with CLD and they showed undetectable values in 8 samples. ICAM-1 is a major factor associated with airways inflammation whereas IL-8 is not a good marker during the first days of life to predict the RDS outcome. A defect of TGF beta 1 in the smallest premature infants may delay the lung repair process which occurs after tissue injury. High ICAM-1 levels and low TGF beta 1 levels in lung fluid are related to oxygen dependency at 28 days of age.
authors.affiliation: Dpt. of Paediatrics, Hospital Clínico, University of Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Burón
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Garrote
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arranz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oyágüez
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fernández Calvo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blanco Quirós
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D047091:Eosinophil Granule Proteins; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications*; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D012260:Ribonucleases; D014132:Trachea; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D047091:Eosinophil Granule Proteins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D012260:Ribonucleases