Natural history of primary Epstein-Barr virus infection in children of mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
The natural history of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in 556 infants born to 517 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected mothers was studied in a prospective, multicenter, cohort study. HIV-1-infected children had a cumulative EBV infection rate similar to HIV-1-uninfected children at age 3 years (77.8% vs. 84. 9%) but had more frequent oropharyngeal EBV shedding (50.4% vs. 28. 2%; P<.001). The probability of shedding decreased with longer time from EBV seroconversion and was similar to that of HIV-1-uninfected children 3 years after seroconversion. HIV-1-infected children identified as rapid progressors shed EBV more frequently than nonrapid progressors (69.4% vs.41.0%; P=.01). HIV-1-infected children with EBV infection had higher mean CD8 cell counts. EBV infection did not have an independent effect on mean CD4 cell counts, percent CD4, IgG levels, HIV-1 RNA levels, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, or splenomegaly. Early EBV infection is common in children born to HIV-1-infected mothers. Children with rapidly progressive HIV-1 disease have more frequent EBV shedding.
Jenson
H
H
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78284-7811, USA. jenson@uthscsa.edu
McIntosh
K
K
Pitt
J
J
Husak
S
S
Tan
M
M
Bryson
Y
Y
Easley
K
K
Shearer
W
W
D001741:Black or African American; D000367:Age Factors; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D017201:Virus Shedding
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral