title: First workshop for detection of heparin-induced antibodies: validation of the heparin-induced platelet-activation test (HIPA) in comparison with a PF4/heparin ELISA.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No data exist regarding the inter-laboratory reproducibility of the heparin-induced-platelet-activation (HIPA) test, the most widely used functional assay in Germany for the detection of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine laboratories used an identical protocol to test eight different sera with the HIPA test. Five laboratories also tested the sera with a platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin-complex ELISA. Cross-reactivity with danaparoid-sodium was assessed using 0.2 aFXa units instead of heparin in the HIPA test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two of nine laboratories had no discrepant HIPA test results. Four laboratories differed in one sample, one reported two discrepant results, and two laboratories reported more than two discrepant results. Cross-reactivity with danaparoid-sodium test results differed among laboratories. PF4/heparin ELISA results were identical in all five laboratories.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HIPA test requires strict quality control measures. Using both a sensitive functional assay (HIPA test) and a PF4/heparin ELISA will allow detection of antibodies directed to antigens other than PF4/heparin complexes as well as detection of IgM and IgA antibodies with PF4/heparin specificity.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eichler
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Budde
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kroll
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Loreth
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pachmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pötzsch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schabel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greinacher
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D000925:Anticoagulants; D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet / Q000276:immunology; D001782:Blood Donors; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003429:Cross Reactions / Q000276:immunology; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006493:Heparin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D015539:Platelet Activation; D010978:Platelet Factor 4; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000925:Anticoagulants; D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006493:Heparin; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D010978:Platelet Factor 4; C035838:danaparoid