title: Analgesic efficacy of liquid ketoprofen compared to liquid dipyrone and placebo administered orally as drops in postepisiotomy pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this single-center, single-dose, double-blind randomized parallel group study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of a new liquid formulation of ketoprofen at two dose levels (25 mg or 50 mg) compared to a commercially available liquid form of dipyrone 500 mg and placebo with all treatments administered as drops to patients with severe postepisiotomy pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was designed with a sample size of 69 patients per treatment for a total of 276 patients. However, due to administrative changes at the site, the study was prematurely terminated; thus only 108 patients (26 to 28 patients per treatment), 18 years or older, with severe postepisiotomy pain were randomized to one of the four treatments. Treatments were assessed over a 6-hour period using standard scales for pain intensity and pain relief and a number of derived variables based on these data. Since the study medications were not identical in appearance, the preparation and administration of the study medication, and the observation of the patient, were carried out by two different individuals to maintain double-blind conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All active treatments were significantly superior to placebo for several measures of analgesia including 4-hour and 6-hour SPID and TOTPAR scores. The global rating was assessed as "good" or "excellent" by over 75% of the patients in the active treatment groups compared to 7.4% of the patients in the placebo group. Reduction in pain intensity was very similar for the two-dose levels of ketoprofen and the comparator dipyrone 500 mg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ketoprofen 25 mg or 50 mg, and dipyrone 500 mg seem to be equally suited for use as pain relief medication after minor surgery, as well as episiotomy. This study did not demonstrate a need for more than 25 mg of ketoprofen in postepisiotomy pain. All treatments were well tolerated. No adverse events were reported.
authors.affiliation: Research Department, Analgesic Development, Ltd., New York, New York 10021-3522, USA.
authors.forename: N Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sunshine
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zighelboim
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lange
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004177:Dipyrone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004841:Episiotomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004177:Dipyrone; D007660:Ketoprofen