title: Predicting infection in localized intraabdominal fluid collections: value of pH and pO2 measurements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of pH, pO2, and the subjective opinion of the radiologist compared with bacterial culture in accurate diagnoses of bacterial infection in intraabdominal fluid collections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospectively, 79 patients who were suspected of having an intraabdominal fluid collection underwent diagnostic fluid aspiration. The aspirate was cultured and measured for pH and pO2. A pH < or = 7.1 and a PO2 < or = 49 mm Hg were threshold values used to separate infected from sterile fluid collections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  pH alone had a 92% sensitivity and 79% specificity, whereas PO2 alone had a 51% sensitivity and 79% specificity. pH or pO2 combined yielded a 92% sensitivity and 60% specificity. The radiologist's opinion produced a 83% sensitivity and 92% specificity. pH and the radiologist's opinion combined produced a 78% sensitivity and 96% specificity. pH or the radiologist's opinion combined had a 95% sensitivity and a 63% specificity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  pH is the most sensitive indicator of infection and the radiologist's opinion is the most specific. We recommend proceeding to drainage if the radiologist believes the collection to be infected and performing pH analysis if not. If the pH < or = 7.04, proceed to drainage. If neither of the above criteria are met, drainage could be delayed, pending the results of culture.
authors.affiliation: Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mustard
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sadler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanabria
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bohnen
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pugash
mesh_terms: D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D019152:Paracentesis; D010313:Partial Pressure; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D010100:Oxygen