title: Hysteroscopic cervical canal shaving: a new therapy for cervical stenosis before embryo transfer in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of cervical stenosis repaired by hysteroscopic cervical shaving that created a smooth passage for ET in a patient undergoing IVF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-based IVF program.
  
  
  METHODS
  A woman with a history of multiple failed IVF attempts in whom ET was extremely difficult.
  
  
  METHODS
  Operative hysteroscopy with creation of a cervical tract.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ease of postoperative ET and outcome of IVF treatment after the hysteroscopic procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Easy performance of ET and a resulting triplet pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This novel hysteroscopic repair of cervical stenosis resulted in a markedly easier ET and a viable pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Program for In Vitro Fertilization, Reproductive Surgery and Infertility, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Noyes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*