title: [In vitro activities of 23 antimicrobial agents against 4,993 gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains isolated from multicenter of Japan during 1994--in vitro susceptibility surveillance.Levofloxacin-Surveillance Group].
abstract: In a surveillance study conducted during 1994 at 24 medical institutes from different geographical areas of Japan, the susceptibility of clinical isolates to twenty three comparative agents, such as ofloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tosufloxacin, ampicillin, clavulanic acid/amoxicillin, oxacillin, piperacillin, cefaclor, cefotiam, cefdinir, cefclidin, ceftazidime, cefpirome, imipenem, aztreonam, vancomycin, minocycline, chloramphenicol, clarithromycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, amikacin, and gentamicin, were tested by the standard broth micro-dilution method. A total of 4,993 isolates tested in this study included Streptococcus pneumoniae, methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), coagllase negative streptococci (CNS), Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterobactericeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients with urinary tract infections or respiratory tract infections, and Haemophilus influenzae. For MSSA, S. pneumoniae, Enterobacteriaceae, and H. influenzae, more than 70% of the isolates was susceptible to fluoloquinolones. However, resistance occurred in more than 50% of MRSA and P. aeruginosa isolated from UTI. Fluoroquinolones were found to be effective against high level penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae, the third generation cephem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Toho University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kashitani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsujio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tachibana
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takaya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Igari
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oguri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones