title: Procaine excites nociceptors in cultures from dorsal root ganglion of the rat.
abstract: Procaine, a classical local anesthetic, produces, at low concentration (2-200 microM), excitation in a distinct population of small sensory neurons isolated from newborn rats (2D) and cultured for 1-5 days. The excitation or inward current (>50 pA) induced by procaine was observed in 59 out of 78 neurons. Nearly all these procaine-sensitive neurons (56 of 59) were also sensitive to capsaicin while 8 procaine-insensitive neurons responded to capsaicin (1 microM). In procaine-sensitive neurons tested for responsiveness to noxious heat, a 10 s temperature ramp from 24 to 48 degrees C induced an inward current of 413 +/- 47 pA (SEM, n = 27) and this current was enhanced, in the presence of procaine, about 3-fold (2.8 +/- 0.4, SEM, n = 27). The responses to procaine were concentration dependent and underwent pronounced tachyphylaxis after repeated applications. The voltage-current relationship exhibited outward rectification and the apparent reversal at 25 +/- 4.2 mV (SEM, n = 9) suggesting that the current is carried by cations including Ca2+. This procaine effect may offer an explanation for toxic consequence of the clinical use of local anesthetics.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague. vlachova@biomed.cas.cz
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vlachová
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Vitásková
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vyklický
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Orkand
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011343:Procaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013618:Tachyphylaxis
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D011343:Procaine; D002211:Capsaicin; D002118:Calcium