Trait diagnosticity versus behavioral consistency as determinants of impression change in adulthood.
Age differences in the types of processing associated with impression change were examined. Young, middle-aged, and older adults formed an impression of a target based on a short vignette that described either positive or negative characteristics in 1 of 2 domains (ability vs. morality). Impression change was examined after presentation of additional behavioral information that was inconsistent with the original vignette. Replicating previous findings, younger adults changed their impressions in response to the consistency of the new information with the initial target description. In contrast, impression change in the 2 older groups was based on the trait diagnosticity of the original and new information, suggesting greater use of inferential, knowledge-based processing with age. The results indicate that qualitative difference exist in impression change processes, with different-aged individuals considering different types of information when constructing and updating social representations.
Hess
T M
TM
Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7801, USA. hess@poe.coe.ncsu.edu
Bolstad
C A
CA
Woodburn
S M
SM
Auman
C
C
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged / Q000523:psychology*; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012928:Social Desirability; D012938:Social Perception; D012945:Social Values