2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine (Cladribine) in the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia 55 years old and younger.
The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) administered in 2-h i.v. infusions in the treatment of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) in patients 55 years old and younger. One hundred and thirteen patients received three to 10 courses of 2-CdA administered at a dose of 0.12 mg/kg daily for 5 consecutive days. Sixty-seven patients were previously treated with chlorambucil and prednisone, COP and some of them also with CHOP, and 46 were untreated. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 21 (18.6%) (19 in untreated and two in previously treated) patients and partial response (PR) in 38 (33.6%) (23 and 15, respectively) giving an overall response rate in 52.2%. The differences in CR and overall response rate between previously treated and untreated patients were statistically significant (P = 0.001). Surface immunophenotyping by flow cytometry using dual-color staining on the peripheral blood and/or bone marrow was performed in 38 patients who responded to 2-CdA therapy. Residual disease had been demonstrated in five out of 17 (29.4%) patients who were in CR and in all 21 investigated PR patients. 2-CdA-induced thrombocytopenia occurred in 24 (35.8%) of previously treated and in 13 (28.3%) previously untreated patients (P = NS). Neutropenia was observed in eight (11.9%) and in five (10.9%) patients, respectively (P = NS). Severe infections, including pneumonia and sepsis, occurred more often in previously treated (44.8%) than untreated patients (26.1%) (P < 0.05). Twenty-seven (23.9%) patients died, 11 because of infections, five because of drug-related thrombocytopenia and hemorrhage, one because of second malignancy and eight because of disease progression. In conclusion, our results indicate that 2-CdA is an effective agent in younger patients with B-CLL, especially used as a first line therapy.
Robak
T
T
Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lódź, Poland.
Błoński
J Z
JZ
Urbańska-Ryś
H
H
Błasińska-Morawiec
M
M
Skotnicki
A B
AB
D000328:Adult; D000505:Alopecia / Q000139:chemically induced; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology; D017338:Cladribine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000209:etiology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012008:Recurrence; D012074:Remission Induction; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D017338:Cladribine; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone