title: Using simulated noise to define optimal QT intervals for computer analysis of ambulatory ECG.
abstract: The ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) is an important medical tool, not only for diagnosis of adverse cardiac events, but also to predict the risk of such events occurring. The 24-hour ambulatory ECG has certain problems and drawbacks because the signal is corrupted by noise from various sources and also several other conditions which may alter the ECG morphology. We have developed a Windows based program for the computer analysis of ambulatory ECG which attempts to address these problems. The software includes options for importing ECG data, different methods of waveform analysis, data-viewing, and exporting the extracted time series. In addition, the modular structure allows for flexible maintenance and expansion of the software. The ECG was recorded using a Holter device and oversampled to enhance the fidelity of the low sampling rate of the ambulatory ECG. The influence of different sampling rates on the interval variability were studied. The noise sensitivity of the implemented algorithm was tested with several types of simulated noise and the precision of the interval measurement was reported with SD values. Our simulations showed that, in most of the cases, defining the end of QT interval at the maximum of the T wave gave the most precise measurement. The definition of the onset of the ventricular repolarization duration is most precisely made on the maximum or descending maximal slope of the R wave. We also analyzed some examples of time series from patients using power spectrum estimates in order to validate the low level QT interval variability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Tikkanen
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Sellin
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Kinnunen
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Huikuri
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D003198:Computer Simulation; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D006801:Humans; D008133:Long QT Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012984:Software; D012985:Software Design