title: Myocardial metabolism and hemodynamics during coronary surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although renewed interest has recently been shown in coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass, no reports are available on myocardial metabolism and hemodynamics during temporary coronary occlusion and rotation of the contracting heart.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in myocardial energy metabolism and hemodynamics were monitored in 12 patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass, and the postoperative efflux of creatine kinase-MB mass and troponin T were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant increase in myocardial production of ATP degradation products (p = 0.026) and lactate (p = 0.004) during the operation. Myocardial oxygen extraction decreased (p = 0.012) in correlation with use of the short-acting beta-blocker, esmolol (r = -0.71). Apart from a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (p = 0.002), there were no significant hemodynamic changes during the operation. The overall postoperative troponin T and creatine kinase-MB mass changes remained nonsignificant during the first two postoperative days. One patient had a myocardial infarction, diagnosed by electrocardiography, on the second postoperative day, but otherwise there were no major complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass seems to be well tolerated as only minor changes in myocardial energy metabolism and hemodynamics are observed during the operation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Oulu University Hospital, Finland. hannu.penttila@oulu.fi
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Penttilä
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lepojärvi
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Kaukoranta
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Kiviluoma
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Ylitalo
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Peuhkurinen
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020107:Troponin T / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011412:Propanolamines; D020107:Troponin T; D019344:Lactic Acid; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D003402:Creatine Kinase; C036604:esmolol