title: Aesthetic male facial skeletal surgery.
abstract: Craniofacial surgery concepts developed originally for reconstruction may also be applied to aesthetic surgery. The facial skeleton is an important component of appearance and may be modified using common craniofacial surgery techniques. Three representative male patients are presented, who each desired an improvement in his appearance. The techniques used were different and combined orthognathic and remodeling procedures. Aesthetic male facial skeletal surgery was beneficial in these selected cases. The results were well received and without complications. Surprisingly, we have found that male skeletal aesthetic patients did not have unrealistic expectations and were pleasant to manage pre- and postoperatively.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Longaker
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005145:Face / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013518:Surgery, Plastic