title: The activation sequence of thrombospondin-1 interacts with the latency-associated peptide to regulate activation of latent transforming growth factor-beta.
abstract: One of the primary points of regulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) activity is control of its conversion from the latent precursor to the biologically active form. We have identified thrombospondin-1 as a major physiological regulator of latent TGF-beta activation. Activation is dependent on the interaction of a specific sequence in thrombospondin-1 (K412RFK415) with the latent TGF-beta complex. Platelet thrombospon-din-1 has TGF-beta activity and immunoreactive mature TGF-beta associated with it. We now report that the latency-associated peptide (LAP) of the latent TGF-beta complex also interacts with thrombospondin-1 as part of a biologically active complex. Thrombospondin.LAP complex formation involves the activation sequence of thrombospondin-1 (KRFK) and a sequence (LSKL) near the amino terminus of LAP that is conserved in TGF-beta1-5. The interactions of LAP with thrombospondin-1 through the LSKL and KRFK sequences are important for thrombospondin-mediated activation of latent TGF-beta since LSKL peptides can competitively inhibit latent TGF-beta activation by thrombospondin or KRFK-containing peptides. In addition, the association of LAP with thrombospondin-1 may function to prevent the re-formation of an inactive LAP.TGF-beta complex since thrombospondin-bound LAP no longer confers latency on active TGF-beta. The mechanism of TGF-beta activation by thrombospondin-1 appears to be conserved among TGF-beta isoforms as latent TGF-beta2 can also be activated by thrombospondin-1 or KRFK peptides in a manner that is sensitive to inhibition by LSKL peptides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019, USA. ribeiro@path.uab.edu
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poczatek
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schultz-Cherry
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Villain
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Murphy-Ullrich
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011485:Protein Binding; D011498:Protein Precursors; D011506:Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D019699:Thrombospondins / Q000737:chemistry; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D000099262:Thrombospondin 2
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011498:Protein Precursors; D011506:Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019700:Thrombospondin 1; D019699:Thrombospondins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D000099262:Thrombospondin 2