title: Combined osteolathyric effects of beta-aminopropionitrile and penicillamine on Xenopus embryos: statistical comparison with dose-addition and independence.
abstract: The combined osteolathyric effects of beta-aminopropionitrile (beta APN) and penicillamine (PNC) on developing Xenopus embryos were determined and compared with theoretical effects for the dose-addition and independence models. The testing protocol utilized a 1.2-factor matrix design that generated two single chemical and seven mixture concentration-response curves within 36 treatments. Testing was for 96-h with daily solution removal and replacement. The chi 2 goodness-of-fit test was used to compare experimental responses with theoretical responses. Response curve analyses indicated, in general, a combined effect between that expected for dose-addition and that for independence, which is a combined effect typical of chemicals acting dissimilarly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology/Toxicology, Ashland University, OH 44805, USA.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Mentzer
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pöch
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dawson
mesh_terms: D000629:Aminopropionitrile / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007842:Lathyrism / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D008956:Models, Chemical; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010396:Penicillamine / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014981:Xenopus / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D000629:Aminopropionitrile; D010396:Penicillamine