title: Tenoxicam and paracetamol-codeine combination after oral surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
abstract: We studied 90 adults undergoing surgical removal of at least both lower third molar teeth as day cases under standardized general anaesthesia. Patients were allocated randomly (with stratification for surgeon) to receive tenoxicam 40 mg, tenoxicam 20 mg or placebo i.v. at induction of anaesthesia and orally (effervescent tablets) with food on each of the subsequent 2 days. Panadeine (paracetamol 500 mg-codeine 8 mg) was given before operation and was available as needed for pain thereafter, to a limit of two tablets every 4 h. Nefopam i.v. was also available. Efficacy variables and adverse reactions were assessed over 6 days. Over the 6-day period, patients who received tenoxicam reported less pain on rest (area under the curve; P < 0.05) and less disturbance in sleep (P < 0.01) even though they used fewer Panadeine tablets (P < 0.05). Differences between tenoxicam 40 mg and 20 mg were not significant. There was no significant difference in nefopam requirements or side effects, and no adverse event attributable to the study medication.
authors.affiliation: St Marks Clinic, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Merry
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Swinburn
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Calder
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003061:Codeine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014081:Tooth Extraction
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D010894:Piroxicam; D000082:Acetaminophen; D003061:Codeine; C032801:tenoxicam