title: Therapeutic massage in older persons: research issues.
abstract: Growing recognition of the importance of holistic nursing interventions is resulting in a revival in the use of therapeutic massage. Massage contributes to health and healing through enhancement of relaxation, and is a safe, caring, and inexpensive intervention. Therapeutic massage research using older populations is reviewed for identification of its theoretical framework, design, outcome variables, sample, procedures, instruments, analyses and results. To establish a scientific basis for therapeutic massage in the future, it is critical that nurses include the following key elements in their research studies: clear definitions: procedures for massage that include type(s) of massage performed, part of body massaged, and length of time of massage; and analyses that control for the pre-massage level of the variable of interest. Research variables need to focus on concepts that have major health consequences such as agitation, immune status, and pain.
authors.affiliation: Health Management Services, Center for Health Services and Policy Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Weinrich
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haddock
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005851:Geriatric Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D018939:Holistic Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008405:Massage / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing*; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research / Q000592:standards; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards; D016896:Treatment Outcome