title: Suppressive activity of bronchial macrophages recovered by induced sputum.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The immunomodulatory activity of macrophages was shown to be a crucial mechanism in the pathogenesis of asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Induced sputum (IS) and methacholine challenge (MC) were carried out in 21 atopic subjects. Suppressive activity (SA) of sputum macrophages (SMO) was investigated on autologous peripheral lymphocytes (APL) proliferation in 12 of these patients and compared to the MC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 10 of the 21 patients, the FEV1 was >80%; five of these had a nonreactive MC. Eosinophils and metachromatic cells correlated well (r=0.6442; P=0.0029), but not with the MC. The SA of SMO correlated (P=0.0152) with the MC: SMO enhanced APL proliferation in five patients with a positive MC, while SMO showed SA in five with a negative MC. Only two patients with suppressive SMO had a positive MC. Cytokine profiles from five patients showed that two patients with a negative MC had interleukin (IL)-1alpha and beta, IL-6, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta transcripts, while two patients with a positive MC transcripted IL-4 and IL-5. One patient with a borderline MC transcripted IL-5, but not IL-4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data support the theory that patients with reduced suppressive bronchial macrophages display clinical bronchial hyperreactivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Allergic Diseases, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fireman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onn
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Levo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bugolovov
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kivity
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013183:Sputum / Q000166:cytology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016210:Methacholine Chloride