title: Randomised controlled trial of recombinant human growth hormone in prepubertal and pubertal renal transplant recipients. British Association for Pediatric Nephrology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy (height velocity (HV), change in height standard deviation score (delta HSDS)), and safety (glomerular filtration rate (GFR), incidence of rejection, and calcium and glucose metabolism) of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment after renal transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A two year randomised controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen prepubertal and seven pubertal children: mean (SD) age, 13.0 (2.6) and 15.2 (2.4) years, respectively; mean (SD) GFR, 51 (30) and 48 (17) ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Six prepubertal and three pubertal children were controls during the first year; all received rhGH in the second year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first year, mean (SE) HV and delta HSDS in the prepubertal treated group increased compared with controls: 8.1 (0.9) v 3.7 (0.6) cm/year and 0.6 (0.1) v -0.3 (0.2), respectively. In the pubertal treated group, mean (SE) HV and delta HSDS were also greater: 10.1 (0.6) v 3.9 (1.3) cm/year and 0.6 (0.1) v -0.1 (0.2), respectively. Comparing all treated and control children, there was no significant change in GFR: treated group, mean (SE) 9.9 (5.4) ml/min/1.73 m2 v control group, -1.6 (7.6) ml/min/1.73 m2. There were also no differences in the incidence of rejection in the first year: eight episodes in 13 patients v five episodes in nine patients, respectively. Phosphate, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and fasting insulin concentrations rose during the first year of treatment, but not thereafter. In the second year of treatment, HV remained above baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with rhGH improves growth in prepubertal and pubertal children with renal transplants, with no significant change in GFR or the incidence of rejection. Phosphate, ALP, PTH, and insulin increased during the first year of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Institute of Child Health, London, UK. h.maxwell@clinmed.gla.ac.uk
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rees
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006128:Growth / Q000187:drug effects*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011627:Puberty
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007328:Insulin; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D005947:Glucose; D002118:Calcium