title: Diagnosis and treatment of priapism: experience with 5 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Priapism is a rare disease, but needs early intervention and appropriate management. We present 5 cases, 2 of nonischemic high-flow priapism and 3 of ischemic low-flow priapism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focusing on the differential diagnosis of priapism between the nonischemic high-flow type and the ischemic low-flow type, we reviewed the medical records of 5 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the examinations carried out, cavernosography, blood gas analysis of cavernosal blood, color Doppler ultrasound, and internal pudendal arteriography were useful in differentiating the type of priapism. Complete detumescence of the penis in 2 cases of high-flow priapism and 3 cases of low-flow priapism was achieved by selective embolization with gelform and by glandular-cavernosal shunting, respectively. No recurrence was observed in any patient, and postoperative erectile function was preserved in 4 patients and is unknown in 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that angiographic studies provide the most reliable information for the differentiation of the type of priapism. However, color flow Doppler ultrasound and cavernosal blood gas determination can obviate the need for angiographic studies and are noninvasive. Although conservative treatment or even expectant management may be feasible with high-flow priapism, aggressive treatment should be carried out for low-flow priapism immediately after initial treatment fails to achieve detumescence of the penis. Selective embolization of the internal pudendal artery may be the treatment of choice for patients with high-flow priapism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011317:Priapism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*