title: Nephrogenic adenoma of the bladder in a chronic hemodialysis patient.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nephrogenic adenoma is an uncommon, benign metaplastic lesion occurring in the urothelium, usually as a response to chronic irritation or trauma. It is rarely encountered in hemodialysis patients. Endoscopically, these lesions can easily be mistaken for malignant tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report on a case of nephrogenic adenoma of the bladder in a chronic hemodialysis patient that was large and mistakenly diagnosed as transitional cell carcinoma in the initial biopsy. Histopathological examination of the total cystectomy specimen demonstrated the correct diagnosis of nephrogenic adenoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased awareness by urologists and pathologists of nephrogenic adenoma may lead to its more accurate diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kochi Takasu Hospital, Japan. asidas@kochi-ms.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ashida
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terao
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiozu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iwata
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed