title: Identification of a distinct common strain of "Norwalk-like viruses" having a global distribution.
abstract: "Norwalk-like viruses" (NLVs) are the most common cause of outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis. During molecular surveillance of NLV strains from 152 outbreaks of gastroenteritis that occurred in the US between August 1993 and July 1997, we identified an NLV strain that predominated during the 1995-1996 season. The "95/96-US" strain caused 60 outbreaks in geographically distant locations within the US and was identified, by sequence comparisons, in an additional 7 countries on 5 continents during the same period. This is the first demonstration linking a single NLV strain globally and suggests that the circulation of these strains might involve patterns of transmission not previously considered. The diagnostic techniques are now available to establish a global network for surveillance of NLV strains that would highlight the importance of NLVs worldwide and allow molecular identification of common strains having a global distribution so as to consider interventions for their control.
authors.affiliation: Viral Gastroenteritis Section, Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. jsn0@cdc.gov
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Noel
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Fankhauser
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Monroe
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Glass
mesh_terms: D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000821:virology*; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000821:virology*; D005843:Geography; D014943:Global Health; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009663:Norwalk virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012621:Seasons; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases