title: Removal of cadmium from scallop hepatopancreas by microbial processes.
abstract: A microbial process for removing cadmium from a homogenate of hepatopancreas, a waste of scallop processing, was devised to use this waste for value-added protein resources. Microorganisms were screened on the basis of the ability to remove cadmium from a medium with the initial concentration of 10 mg/l of cadmium. One soil isolate, identified as Xanthomonas sp. UR No. 2 by its taxonomical characteristics, removed 98% of the cadmium in the medium in 2 d. During cultivation of this strain in the homogenates of hepatopancreas digested by endopeptidases, 90% of cadmium was removed, while this strain had little effect on the simple non-digested homogenates. The mass balance of cadmium during homogenizations of the hepatopancreas tissues and cultivations in the protease-treated homogenate were examined. The content of crude proteins of culture supernatant treated by Xanthomonas sp. UR No. 2 was equivalent to those of various feedstuffs on the market.
authors.affiliation: Hakodate National College of Technology, Hokkaido, Japan. obara@hakodate-ct.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Obara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawaya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hokari
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Umehara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizukami
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tomita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003470:Culture Media; D004064:Digestive System / Q000737:chemistry*; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012758:Shellfish; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014866:Waste Products; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D011506:Proteins; D014866:Waste Products; D002104:Cadmium; D010450:Endopeptidases