The Japanese management theory jungle.
Many competing hypotheses have been advanced to account for the apparent effectiveness of Japanese management practices. The present review of some of the leading theories attempts to classify and clarify the state of knowledge of Japanese management. Although each theory may be correct as a partial explanation of Japan's success, no single conceptualization has captured the complexity of Japan's managerial achievement. Further development of integrated, internally consistent models is needed.
D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D010559:Personnel Management; D011786:Quality Control; D014481:United States