title: A comparison of top and middle level women administrators in social work, nursing, and education: career supports and barriers.
abstract: Presented in this article are findings from a descriptive study of a national stratified random sample of 259 women administrators in social work, nursing, and education. Subjects responded to a 54 item, mailed questionnaire about their career experiences. The author explores career support from parents and persons within their work organizations. Barriers of sex discrimination and difficulties balancing career and family responsibilities are included. Finally, the extent to which the women administrators provided career assistance to other women is discussed. Comparisons between the three fields and between top and middle management levels are emphasized. Recommendations are made for increasing women's opportunities for career achievement within the fields studied.
mesh_terms: D000288:Administrative Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002322:Career Mobility; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009718:Nurse Administrators / Q000523:psychology*; D012947:Social Work; D014481:United States; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology*; D014931:Women, Working / Q000523:psychology*