title: Use of the laryngeal mask airway during repair of atrial septal defect in children.
abstract: We describe the elective use of the laryngeal mask airway in two children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass for repair of an atrial septal defect. Total surgical time was short and cardiopulmonary bypass performed at normothermia allowing removal of the laryngeal mask airway on the operating table on completion of surgery. We were able to adequately oxygenate and ventilate the children throughout the procedure using positive pressure ventilation and spontaneous ventilation. The use of caudal fentanyl and rectal diclofenac aided postoperative pain management. Atrial septal defect repair has become one of the more straightforward cardiac operations partly as a result of new cardiopulmonary bypass techniques. Avoidance of intubation and postoperative ventilation in appropriate patients would make this procedure ideal for 'fast tracking' and offers the potential advantages of decreased length of stay in hospital and reduction in overall costs.
mesh_terms: D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000293:Adolescent; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001831:Body Temperature; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003363:Cost Control; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007385:Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D012119:Respiration; D013997:Time Factors