title: Cyclosporine A preparations and their vehicles induce contraction of the guinea pig gallbladder in vitro: the role of cyclooxygenase metabolites.
abstract: The aim of this study was to establish whether prostanoids play a role in the contraction induced by cyclosporine A (CyA) preparations in the guinea pig isolated gallbladder strips. It was also aimed to study the effects of the preparations and their solvents on the acetylcholine-evoked rhythmic contractions of the guinea pig isolated sphincter of Oddi (SO). Isometric contractions were recorded. CyA parenteral and oral preparations and their vehicles, Cremophor-EL and Labrafil caused concentration-dependent and sustained contractions (74.2 +/- 6.2, 58.4 +/- 6.3, 88.9 +/- 4.9 and 47.5 +/- 6.2% of maximum KCl contraction, respectively) of gallbladder strips, but not of SO. Quinacrine, indometacin and ridogrel inhibited the contraction induced by CyA preparations and their vehicles in gallbladder strips (for CyA parenteral preparation, 34.7 +/- 6.7, 1.4 +/- 0.9, 19.0 +/- 6.4% of maximum KCl contraction, respectively). The drug and its vehicles changed neither the initial contraction nor the amplitude and frequency of the phasic contractions induced by acetylcholine in SO preparations. The results indicate that the drug is able to contract the gallbladder strips and the vehicles contribute to the contracting effect of CyA. Prostanoids may be responsible for the CyA-induced contraction of the gallbladder.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000187:drug effects*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D010421:Pentanoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011796:Quinacrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009803:Sphincter of Oddi / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology