[The effect of reduced sodium intake on blood pressure, body weight, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol and triglycerides. A meta-analysis].
The purpose of the present study was to estimate the effects of reduction in sodium intake on blood pressure, hormones and lipids. Data were extracted from randomised studies and statistically integrated in a meta-analysis. In 58 trials of hypertensive persons, a reduction in sodium intake of 118 mmol reduces systolic BP by 3.9 mmHg (CI: 3.0-4.8) (p < 0.0001) and diastolic BP by 1.9 mmHg (CI: 1.3-2.5) (p < 0.0001). In 56 trials of normotensive persons, the reduction in sodium intake reduced SBP by 1.2 mmHg (CI: 0.6-1.8) (p < 0.0001) and DBP by 0.26 mm Hg (CI: -0.3-0.9) (p = 0.12). Plasma renin and alsterone increased by a factor of three to four (p < 0.0001). There was a significant decrease in body weight and an increase in noradrenaline, cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. In conclusion the present results do not warrant a general recommendation of reducing sodium intake.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood*; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood