title: HLA class II susceptibility to multiple sclerosis among Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi Jews.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To look for HLA class II alleles and haplotypes conferring susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) in the Jewish population of Israel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based cohort of clinically definite patients with MS tested prospectively over 7 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Referral center in a neurology clinic at a university hospital in the greater Jerusalem area in Israel.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 162 consecutive patients with clinically definite MS from the 2 main ethnic Jewish groups in Israel: 104 Ashkenazi (80 with a relapsing remitting or secondary progressive and 24 with a primary chronic progressive course of the disease) and 58 non-Ashkenazi (36 with a relapsing remitting or secondary progressive course and 22 with a primary chronic progressive course of the disease), matched with 132 Ashkenazi and 120 non-Ashkenazi healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relationship between the various HLA class II alleles and haplotypes and MS, as defined by the polymerase chain reaction and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization, among the Ashkenazi and the non-Ashkenazi Jewish sections and with respect to the different clinical courses of the disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The haplotype DRB1*1501, DQA1*0102, DQB1*0602 was found to be associated with MS among both Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi patients (P<.001 and P =.04, respectively). Among the non-Ashkenazi patients, a new association of haplotypes DRB1*1303, DQA1*05, and DQB1*030 with MS was detected (P = .03). The MS susceptibility alleles, DRB 1* 1501, DQA1*0102, and DQB1*0602 , were found in association with the Ashkenazi patients (P<.001, P=.02, and P=.01, respectively); DRB1*1501 and DRB1*1303 were more frequently observed among the non-Ashkenazi patients (P = .03, P = .04, respectively). On subdivision of the patients into clinical subgroups, associations of DRB1*0801, DQA1*0102, DQA1*0401, and DQB1*0602 with primary chronic progressive MS among the Ashkenazi patients were evident (P = .03, P = .04, P = .04 and P = .05, respectively), whereas DRB1* 1501, DRB1*03011, and DQB1*0602 were associated with relapsing remitting or secondary progressive among the non-Ashkenazi patients (P = .05, P = .05, and P = .03, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study, unlike previous ones, is the first to show a significant association between HLA class II alleles and MS in the Jewish population. The association with the HLA-DR2-related haplotype is similar to that among non-Jewish white patients with MS. Moreover, our data support the possibility that DRB1*1501 is the susceptibility allele responsible for the association between this haplotype and MS in the Jewish population. Our study also underscores differences in HLA profiles between Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi patients, and between the different clinical courses of the disease. The latter may indicate that the clinical courses of MS are influenced by the genetic background.
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000208:ethnology*; D006681:HLA-D Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel / Q000208:ethnology; D007585:Jews; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011379:Prognosis