Histone deacetylases: transcriptional repression with SINers and NuRDs.
The DNA in eukaryotic cells is packaged into chromatin, which functions as a boundary to the transcriptional activation process. The nucleosome is the basic repeating unit of chromatin. The purification and characterization of several chromatin-remodelling complexes and the demonstration that histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases are regulatory components of coactivator and corepressor complexes, respectively, demonstrates that the nucleosome is not simply a static architectural feature of chromatin but, rather, plays a dynamic and integral role in the regulation of gene expression. This review focuses primarily on histone deacetylases and deacetylase-containing complexes and their role in mediating transcriptional repression.
D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology*; D002843:Chromatin / Q000201:enzymology*; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*