title: The bell-shaped Ca2+ dependence of the inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate-induced Ca2+ release is modulated by Ca2+/calmodulin.
abstract: Calmodulin inhibits inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) binding to the IP3 receptor in both a Ca2+-dependent and a Ca2+-independent way. Because there are no functional data on the modulation of the IP3-induced Ca2+ release by calmodulin at various Ca2+ concentrations, we have studied how cytosolic Ca2+ and Sr2+ interfere with the effects of calmodulin on the IP3-induced Ca2+ release in permeabilized A7r5 cells. We now report that calmodulin inhibited Ca2+ release through the IP3 receptor with an IC50 of 4.6 microM if the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was 0.3 microM or higher. This inhibition was particularly pronounced at low IP3 concentrations. In contrast, calmodulin did not affect IP3-induced Ca2+ release if the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was below 0.3 microM. Calmodulin also inhibited Ca2+ release through the IP3 receptor in the presence of at least 10 microM Sr2+. We conclude that cytosolic Ca2+ or Sr2+ are absolutely required for the calmodulin-induced inhibition of the IP3-induced Ca2+ release and that this dependence represents the formation of the Ca2+/calmodulin or Sr2+/calmodulin complex.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000196:embryology; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D051381:Rats; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D013324:Strontium / Q000378:metabolism