[Renal transplantation and urinary infection. Review].
Urinary infection (UTI) is the most frequent infection after renal transplantation (RT). The literature shows and incidence between 10-98%. The risk of associated bacteraemia is close to 12%. Gram- bacteria are the most frequent causal agents (70%), although gram+, mainly enterococcus and staphylococcus, candida and some other exotic germs such as Corynebacterium are also potential etiological agents. Certain factors present in the receptor during pre-RT, RT itself and post-RT condition the development and evolution of UTIs. Clinical signs and symptoms are multiple ranging from asymptomatic bacteriuria to graft's abscess or septic shock. Incidence in females (54%) is higher than in males (29%). Immunosuppressive regimes based on Cyclosporin (35%) show lower incidence of UTI than those based in Azathioprine (50%). Antibiotic prophylaxis with Co-trimoxazol reduces incidence of UTIs at post-RT and delays the time of appearance of the first UTI episode.
D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012307:Risk Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy