[Rhabdomyolysis and cholestatic hepatitis under treatment with simvastatin and chlorzoxazone].
Acute rhabdomyolysis under treatment with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ("statins") is a group-specific if rare side effect. Muscle toxicity of statins can be potentiated by medication influencing their metabolism. Here drug interactions on the level of the microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes play an important role. We report the first case of marked rhabdomyolysis with cholestatic hepatitis in a 73-year-old woman treated with simvastatin and chlorzoxazone. Withdrawal of the causal medication and conservative therapy with volume substitution and forced diuresis was followed by almost complete resolution of the symptoms with normalisation of the blood tests. Possible mechanisms involved in the drug interactions are discussed. Thorough knowledge of the enzyme systems involved in drug metabolism helps to predict possible adverse drug interactions and prevent toxic effects.
D000368:Aged; D002753:Chlorzoxazone / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002780:Cholestasis, Intrahepatic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D009122:Muscle Hypertonia / Q000188:drug therapy; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use