[Psychosomatic disorders (clinical picture, epidemiology, therapy and models of health services].
53.6% of the patients of general hospital suffer from psychosomatic disorders (PSD). Two-dimensional (psychologic/ clinical) model of psychosomatic interrelations is presented which proposes the estimation of the influence of both somatic and psychological factors within PSD pathogenesis. The clinical classification of PSD includes 4 types: somatization (somatoform disorders)--organ neuroses--27%; psychogenic (nosogenic) reactions--57%; stress-related exacerbation of the medical illness (symptomatic lability)--14%; exogenous (somatogenic) reactions--1%. Except psychotherapy, PSD treatment demands pharmacological intervention (including tranquilizers, antidepressants, cerebroprotectors and neuroleptics). Pharmacotherapy should be proceeded with the account of both its possible somatic effects and its interaction with conventional medical agents. The results of the follow-up study prove superiority of psychopharmacotherapy over psychotherapy in terms of long-term efficacy. The most effective model of the organization of psychiatric care in PSD clinic is liasion psychiatry (psychiatrist consults and general practitioner treats). Inpatient treatment of non-psychotic PSD patients requires an organization of specialized units within a general hospital.
D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D011613:Psychotherapy; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012944:Social Support; D013997:Time Factors