[A molecular epidemiologic study on the mechanism of intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus].
A case-control study with examination of placentas using immunohistochemistry stain was reported in this paper. In the Maternal and Children Health Hospital of Shanxi Province, 242 consecutive HBsAg positive mothers and their babies were selected as subjects and 110 placentas of HBsAg positive mothers and 25 placentas of HBsAg negative mothers during the different period of pregnancy were collected for laboratory test. The results showed that maternal HBeAg positivity (OR = 32.63) and history of threatened premature labor (OR = 22.80) were important risk factors. Among full-term placentas with HBsAg positivity, HBsAg (biomarker of HBV infection) positive rates were 100% in decidual cell, 59.38% in trophoblastic cell, 65.50% in villous mesenchyme cell, and 39.38% in villous capillary endothelial cell (VCEC) with a decreasing trend (trend test, chi 2 = 30.5, P < 0.01) from mothers to fetus whereas HBsAg positive in VCEC was significantly related to intrauterine infection (OR = 20.86, P < 0.01). Results suggested that there might be two transmission routes on the mechanism of HBV intrauterine transmission, hemogenous by damage of placental vessels and cellular through placental cellular transfer of HBV.
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D010920:Placenta / Q000821:virology*; D011247:Pregnancy