title: Insulin-like growth factor I, IGF binding protein 3, and IGFBP protease activity: relation to anthropometric indices in solid tumours or leukaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and the level of IGFBP-3 protease activity in 38 children presenting with malignancies, and to assess their relation with auxological parameters and nutritional status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Height, weight, skinfold thickness, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were recorded using standard techniques. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were measured using specific radioimmunoassays. Serum IGFBPs were also visualised on western ligand blot. IGFBP-3 protease activity was assessed by the extent of fragmentation of recombinant [125I]-IGFBP-3, compared with that induced by pregnancy serum. Anthropometric and radioimmunoassay data were expressed as standard deviation scores (SDS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median (range) IGF-I SDS was significantly reduced in all patients (-1.1 (-5.1 to 1.2)) and lower in children who were malnourished (-2.5 (-3.9 to 0.1)). IGFBP-3 SDS was within the normal range for 31 of 38 patients but IGFBP-3 protease activity was raised in all patients. Neither IGFBP-3 concentration nor protease activity was affected by nutritional status. IGF-I correlated with MUAC (r = 0.41) and subscapular skinfold thickness SDS (r = 0.38), but not with weight, height, weight for height, or triceps skinfold thickness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IGF-I is low in children with malignancies, and even lower in those who are malnourished. IGFBP-3 concentrations were normal in most patients but interpretation is complicated by the presence of raised IGFBP-3 protease activity, which could lead to overestimating concentrations of intact peptide. IGF-I appears to relate to arm anthropometry as an index of nutritional status but not height, weight, or weight for height, as would be expected in normal children.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis*; D007938:Leukemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric