title: Combined posterior and posterolateral one-stage removal of a giant cervical dumbbell schwannoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Huge dumbbell schwannomas in the cervical region are not a rare clinical entity in neurosurgical practice. Despite the benign nature, the adhesions between tumor capsule and spinal cord, vertebral artery, cervical plexus, and carotid sheath can complicate surgery, leading to a fatal outcome. We performed one-stage combined surgery through the posterior midline and an unusual posterolateral cervical route in the same position and describe its advantages.
  
  
  METHODS
  We removed the intraspinal component totally through a posterior midline approach and freed spinal cord and vertebral artery. After removal of the posterolateral extraspinal component using the same incision, a posterolateral cervical approach along the posterior margin of sternocleidomastoid muscle was performed, and the anterolateral extraspinal tumor was excised totally through the dissection plane between anterior and middle scalene muscles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The operative time was less than 3 h, and the patient was discharged on the 3rd postoperative day without any neurological sequel. The combination of posterior midline and posterolateral approach in large dumbbell schwannomas is easier to perform and a more safe technique than the combination with anterolateral accesses in the cervical region and also less invasive than the transuncodiscal technique in selected cases. This approach reduces the risk of neurovascular injury, since it does not require retraction and repositioning of the patient and, therefore, facilitates total excision and reduces the operative time.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009442:Neurilemmoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013120:Spinal Cord Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*