title: Trans-activation of the mouse cartilage-derived retinoic acid-sensitive protein gene by Sox9.
abstract: The transcription factor Sox9 is capable of enhancing type II collagen gene expression and may play a crucial role in chondrogenesis. To determine whether Sox9 is an inducer of the chondrocyte phenotype, we investigated the role of Sox9 in transcription of another cartilage gene encoding the cartilage-derived retinoic acid-sensitive protein (CD-RAP). CD-RAP is specifically expressed during chondrogenesis. We show here that Sox9 protein is able to bind to a SOX consensus sequence in the CD-RAP promoter. Mutation of the SOX motif led to decreased transcription of a CD-RAP promoter construct in chondrocytes. Overexpression of SOX9 resulted in a dose-dependent increased activity of CD-RAP promoter-driven reporter gene in both chondrocytes and nonchondrogenic cells. A truncated SOX9, which contains a binding domain but no trans-activation function, inhibited CD-RAP promoter activity. Overexpression of SOX9 increased the level of endogenous CD-RAP mRNA in chondrocytes, but was unable to induce endogenous gene expression in 10T1/2 mesenchymal cells or BALB/c-3T3 fibroblasts. These results suggest that Sox9 is a general transcriptional regulator of cartilage-specific genes. However, Sox9 does not appear to be able to induce the chondrocyte phenotype in nonchondrogenic cells, implying that other factors are involved in chondrogenesis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010641:Phenotype; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; D051876:Sex-Determining Region Y Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*