title: Proton MR spectroscopy of the brain.
abstract: Over the past five decades, MR spectroscopy has evolved from an analytical chemistry tool to a noninvasive clinical examination on FDA approved equipment with an AMA billing code. While proton MR spectroscopy has dominated current clinical studies, interest in other nucleii has arisen, particularly P-31 for the evaluation of membrane lipids, and C-13 for the evaluation of glutamate neurotransmission and excitotoxicity. Currently, the most common neuroradiological diagnostic indication is the differentation of suspected cerebral neoplasms for post-treatment effects, abcesses, subacute infarcts, demyelinating disease, and other non-neoplastic processes. Recent recommendations for monitoring multiple sclerosis treatment suggest an increasing role for MR spectroscopy in the future.
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001922:Brain Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000628:therapy; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000032:analysis; D010759:Phosphorus Isotopes; D011522:Protons; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration