Frontonasal dysplasia, macroblepharon, eyelid colobomas, ear anomalies, macrostomia, mental retardation, and CNS structural anomalies. A new syndrome?
We report a Brazilian girl, born to normal and non-consanguineous parents and presenting, among other signs, brachyacrocephaly, a wide forehead, hypertelorism, wide palpebral fissures with multiple eyelid colobomas, a broad and high nasal root, an absent nasal tip, a wide columella, a long and smooth philtrum, a carp-like mouth, macrostomia, a thin upper lip with midline notching, submucous cleft of the soft palate, a small and grooved chin, ear anomalies, Dandy-Walker anomaly, a structural anomaly of the corpus callosum, grey matter heterotopia, and mental retardation. The whole clinical picture of the present patient suggests a 'new' type of frontonasal dysplasia and main differential diagnosis includes the acrofrontofacionasal dysostosis 2 syndrome (MIM 201181). Other differential diagnoses are discussed.
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000473:pathology*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000473:pathology*; D004423:Ear / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005145:Face / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000473:pathology*; D013577:Syndrome