title: Nitric oxide and cell death.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) has several essential roles in mammals, but unregulated NO production can cause cell death through oxidative stress, disrupted energy metabolism, DNA damage, activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, or dysregulation of cytosolic calcium. Such disturbances can lead to either apoptotic or necrotic cell death, depending on the severity and context of the damage. Here I review the mechanisms by which NO kills cells and discuss how NO thereby contributes to ischaemia-reperfusion injury and neurodegeneration.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress