Establishment of a new system for determination of coreceptor usages of HIV based on the human glioma NP-2 cell line.
CD4 and one of the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the cell surface function as a receptor and a coreceptor, respectively, in infection of cells with human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV/SIV). To determine which GPCRs can be coreceptors for HIV (HIV-1 and HIV-2) or SIV infection, several cell lines, including human osteosarcoma HOS-T4 cells and human glioma U87/CD4 cells, have been used. However, these cells often show susceptibilities to some HIV or SIV strains before transduction of GPCRs. The results of this study showed that a CD4-transduced human glioma cell line, NP-2/CD4, a human erythroleukemia cell line, K562/CD4, and a human ovarian cancer cell line, TYK/CD4, were completely resistant to the HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains tested. After transduction of several GPCRs into NP-2/CD4, K562/CD4, or TYK/CD4 cells, NP-2/CD4 cells but not K562/CD4 or TYK/CD4 cells mostly showed expected susceptibilities to several HIV strains. Therefore, an NP-2 cell system would be useful to determine the coreceptor usage of HIV isolates, to find a new coreceptor for HIV/SIV, and to analyze the early stages of HIV/SIV infection.
D001483:Base Sequence; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005910:Glioma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006678:HIV / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000378:metabolism*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured