Clinically safe dosage of felypressin for patients with essential hypertension.
Hemodynamic changes were evaluated in patients with essential hypertension when felypressin of various concentrations was administered. The parameters studied were systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, heart rate, left ventricular systolic phase, and endocardial viability ratio. Results showed that blood pressure tended to increase, and the value of 1/pre-ejection period2 (PEP2) tended to decrease, upon administration of 3 ml of 2% propitocaine containing 0.06 international units/ml (IU/ml) of felypressin. Significant increase of blood pressure and decrease in 1/PEP2 was noted upon administration of 3 ml of anesthetic solution containing 0.13 IU/ml of felypressin. No ischemic change of the myocardium was detected even with the highest felypressin concentration (3 ml of 2% propitocaine containing 0.25 IU/ml of felypressin). These results suggest that the clinically safe dosage of felypressin for patients with essential hypertension is approximately 0.18 IU. This amount is equivalent to 6 ml of 3% propitocaine with 0.03 IU/ml of felypressin, which is a commercially available local anesthetic for dental use. It seems that the decrease in 1/PEP2 that occurred during blood pressure increase was due to the increase in afterload caused by contraction of the arterioles. Although in the present study no ischemic change was noted, special care should be taken to prevent myocardial ischemia in patients with severe hypertension.
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017742:Dental Care for Chronically Ill; D003971:Diastole / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005259:Felypressin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008340:Mandibular Nerve; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block; D013599:Systole / Q000187:drug effects; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*