title: c-jun Is dispensable for developmental cell death and axogenesis in the retina.
abstract: Although a number of studies have implicated c-Jun in neuronal death and axonal regeneration, it is unknown whether Jun function is essential for either response. One approach to resolve this issue is to analyze knock-out mice. However, c-jun-null mice die at midgestation, precluding critical investigation. Therefore, a xenograft paradigm was used in which retinas from embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) c-jun nullizygous or wild-type mice were transplanted onto the superior colliculus of newborn rats. The rats were allowed to develop, and the grafts were assayed at various times for cell death and axon growth. Histologically, grafts of both genotypes developed in identical manners and had morphological characteristics of retinas. A functional c-jun allele was not essential for axogenesis, because ganglion cells in retinal grafts from c-jun nullizygous mice developed axons that projected into the colliculus. Programmed cell death (PCD) was also evident in the age-appropriate regions of the retina in both wild-type and c-jun-null grafts. Furthermore, there were no discernible differences in the number or location of dying cells in the two genotypes. That c-jun was not essential for PCD was supported by two additional findings. First, a c-jun-lacZ reporter gene was expressed in many cells in developing and grafted retinas, although only a few of these cells were destined to die. Second, in E12.5 c-jun-null embryos there were normal levels of PCD in the trigeminal ganglion. Together, these data indicate that c-Jun is not essential for axon growth in the retina or for PCD in the retina and trigeminal ganglion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Herzog
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D016758:Genes, jun; D007763:Lac Operon; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D051381:Rats; D012160:Retina / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous