title: [Keyhole-true FISP: fast T2-weighted imaging for interventional MRT at 0.2 T].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to introduce a fast, T2 weighted true FISP keyhole sequence implemented on an open C arm low field magnetic resonance (MR) scanner for interventional procedure guidance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following the acquisition of a reference data set using a true FISP (fast Imaging with Steady Precision) sequence, only the 32 central raw data lines (keyhole) are acquired in a fluoroscopic-like mode enabling continuous image reconstruction and update. The keyhole true-FISP sequence was tested in animal experiments and used in MR-guided interventions in 10 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The described true FISP keyhole sequence is characterized by an image frame rate of 2.5 images per second and a T2-like contrast. Due to system constraints with respect to the reconstruction, the actual displaying of images was delayed by up to 180 ms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of the described keyhole sequence enabled a fluoroscopy-like guidance of interventional devices in an open, low-field system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology/MRI, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wendt
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wacker
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lewin
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Duerk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis; D001659:Biliary Tract / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine