The susceptibility to X4 and R5 human immunodeficiency virus-1 strains of dendritic cells derived in vitro from CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells is primarily determined by their maturation stage.
Dendritic cells (DC) were sorted on day 8 from cultures of CD34(+) cells with stem cell factor/Flt-3 ligand/ granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)/interleukin-4 (IL-4). Exposing immature CCR5(+)CXCR4(lo/-) DC to CCR5-dependent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1Ba-L led to productive and cytopathic infection, whereas only low virus production occurred in CXCR4-dependent HIV-1LAI-exposed DC. PCR analysis of the DC 48 hours postinfection showed efficient entry of HIV-1Ba-L but not of HIV-1LAI. CD40 ligand- or monocyte-conditioned medium-induced maturation of HIV-1Ba-L-infected DC reduced virus production by about 1 Log, while cells became CCR5(-). However, HIV-1Ba-L-exposed mature DC harbored 15-fold more viral DNA than their immature counterparts, ruling out inhibition of virus entry. Simultaneously, CXCR4 upregulation by mature DC coincided with highly efficient entry of HIV-1LAI which, nonetheless, replicated at the same low level in mature as in immature DC. In line with these findings, coculture of HIV-1Ba-L-infected immature DC with CD3 monoclonal antibody-activated autologous CD4(+) T lymphocytes in the presence of AZT decreased virus production by the DC. Finally, whether they originated from CD1a+CD14(-) or CD1a-CD14(+) precursors, DC did not differ as regards permissivity to HIV, although CD1a+CD14(-) precursor-derived immature DC could produce higher HIV-1Ba-L amounts than their CD1a-CD14(+) counterparts. Thus, both DC permissivity to, and capacity to support replication of, HIV is primarily determined by their maturation stage.
Canque
B
B
ESA 7087 Université Paris 6-Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire de l'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Bakri
Y
Y
Camus
S
S
Yagello
M
M
Benjouad
A
A
Gluckman
J C
JC
D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000276:immunology*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000276:immunology*
D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4