title: Ubiquitination of RNA polymerase II large subunit signaled by phosphorylation of carboxyl-terminal domain.
abstract: A sensitive assay using biotinylated ubiquitin revealed extensive ubiquitination of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II during incubations of transcription reactions in vitro. Phosphorylation of the repetitive carboxyl-terminal domain of the large subunit was a signal for ubiquitination. Specific inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)-type kinases suppress the ubiquitination reaction. These kinases are components of transcription factors and have been shown to phosphorylate the carboxyl-terminal domain. In both regulation of transcription and DNA repair, phosphorylation of the repetitive carboxyl-terminal domain by kinases might signal degradation of the polymerase.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sharp
mesh_terms: D000546:Amanitins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013698:Templates, Genetic; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000546:Amanitins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014452:Ubiquitins; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D012319:RNA Polymerase II; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex