title: Determinants of antibodies to Cryptosporidium infection among gay and bisexual men with HIV infection.
abstract: A cross-sectional serosurvey for markers of prior Cryptosporidium infection was conducted among homosexual or bisexual males infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); of 262 individuals approached, 236 (90%) agreed to participate. Serological response to two Cryptosporidium antigens was measured using a Western blot assay. The intensity or detection of serological responses to two Cryptosporidium antigens was not associated with CD4 cell counts or tap water consumption. A number of sexual practices were related to increased serological response for only the 27-kDa marker, including having had sex within the past 2 years, having anal sex and having had a larger number of sex partners during the past 2 years. Attending a spa or sauna was related to serological response to both the 27-kDa and 17-kDa markers. Based on these results, activities related to sexual activity appear to be a significant risk factors for prior Cryptosporidium infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caputo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kunde
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Hoy
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Fairley
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D001727:Bisexuality; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000276:immunology*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan