title: Cholecystectomy for suspected biliary dyskinesia in children with chronic abdominal pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors reviewed their experience with a group of children with chronic abdominal pain, delayed gallbladder emptying, and no cholelithiasis. Clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and effect of cholecystectomy on symptoms were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine children were suspected of having biliary dyskinesia. Diagnosis was based on symptoms of upper abdominal pain in conjunction with a lack of sonographically apparent gallstones, a cholecystikinin (CCK)-stimulated gallbladder ejection fraction of less that 40% at 30 minutes, and a lack of any other clear cause for symptoms. All patients underwent cholecystectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The duration of symptoms before operation was between 3 weeks and 4 years. All patients were evaluated by abdominal ultrasonography and CCK cholescintigraphy. Symptoms were relieved completely in 23 (79%) of the patients who underwent cholecystectomy. Five children had persistent pain after cholecystectomy and one had nausea.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Symptoms suggestive of biliary colic in children without evidence for cholelithiasis frequently may represent biliary dyskinesia. CCK cholescintigraphy should be pursued in these patients. Relief of symptoms after cholecystectomy should be expected in a majority of those with an ejection fraction of less that 40%.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Surgical Associates of El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gollin
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Raschbaum
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moorthy
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000293:Adolescent; D001657:Biliary Dyskinesia / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome