title: Type III secretion machines: bacterial devices for protein delivery into host cells.
abstract: Several Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria have evolved a complex protein secretion system termed type III to deliver bacterial effector proteins into host cells that then modulate host cellular functions. These bacterial devices are present in both plant and animal pathogenic bacteria and are evolutionarily related to the flagellar apparatus. Although type III secretion systems are substantially conserved, the effector molecules they deliver are unique for each bacterial species. Understanding the biology of these devices may allow the development of novel prevention and therapeutic approaches for several infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: Section of Microbial Pathogenesis, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA. jorge.galan@yale.edu
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Galán
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Collmer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005407:Flagella / Q000378:metabolism; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D010944:Plants / Q000382:microbiology; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins