The role of interleukin-12 in preserving the graft-versus-leukemia effect of allogeneic CD8 T cells independently of GVHD.
Interleukin (IL)-12 is a potent immunostimulatory cytokine and inducer of Th1 cell activity and of cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell function. This cytokine also has anti-tumor activity. Although IL-12 has been shown to be an important pathogenic cytokine in the induction of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), injection of exogenous IL-12 to murine allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) recipients paradoxically leads to a significant delay in the onset of GVHD mortality in fully MHC plus multiple minor antigen-mismatched strain combinations, and to complete inhibition of GVHD in a single haplotype-mismatched murine BMT model. IL-12-induced inhibition of GVHD is associated with reduced donor T cell activation and expansion, in part through an interferon (IFN)-gamma-mediated mechanism. Fas-mediated apoptosis of donor T cells also plays a significant role in IL-12-induced GVHD protection. Importantly, IL-12 preserves the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect of allogeneic CD8 T cells against EL4, a host-type leukemia/lymphoma, while inhibiting GVHD. Like the protective effect against GVHD, the GVL effect in IL-12-treated mice is dependent on IFN-gamma. Thus, treatment with IL-12 leads to separation of GVHD-promoting and GVL effects of allogeneic BMT via an IFN-gamma-dependent mechanism.
Yang
Y G
YG
Bone Marrow Transplantation Section, Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA.
Sykes
M
M
D000818:Animals; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D020350:Graft vs Tumor Effect / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D051379:Mice; D014181:Transplantation Immunology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D018664:Interleukin-12