title: Laboratory evaluation and clinical application of a new one-bottle adhesive.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this project were to compare the enamel and dentin bond strengths of a new nanofilled one-coat adhesive system with its predecessor, an unfilled two-coat adhesive system; to analyze the dentin interfacial ultramorphology, using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM); and to illustrate the clinical technique associated with the use of the new nanofilled one-coat adhesive system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty flat dentin surfaces and 20 flat enamel surfaces were polished on the labial surface of bovine incisors mounted in acrylic resin. The specimens were equally and randomly assigned to four bonding groups: (1) dentin with Prime & Bond 2.1; (2) dentin with Prime & Bond NT; (3) enamel with Prime & Bond 2.1; and (4) enamel with Prime & Bond NT. A composite post was then adapted to the treated area and light-cured. After thermocycling, shear bond strengths were determined by testing the shear strength of the specimens. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student's t-test. For SEM and TEM, six dentin disks were obtained from middle dentin of human third molars and assigned equally to each adhesive. The adhesives were applied to dentin according to manufacturer's directions. The hybrid layer and resin penetration into dentin tubules were analyzed at an ultramorphologic level, and the observations were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Shear bond strengths were as follows: group 1: 17.8 +/- 4.1 MPa; group 2: 20.5 +/- 3.5 MPa; group 3: 24.7 +/- 6.7 MPa; and group 4; 27.0 +/- 5.4 MPa. Electron microscopy showed that both adhesives penetrated the dentin tubules and formed a fully infiltrated hybrid layer. The nanofiller included in the new one-application adhesive penetrated the dentin tubules and infiltrated the microspaces between the collagen fibers within the hybrid layer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new one-application nanofilled adhesive tested in this study resulted in bond strengths and dentin hybridization comparable to those obtained with the corresponding two-application system. The clinical sequences presented illustrate the ease of use of the newest simplified adhesives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perdigão
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Baratieri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopes
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D002417:Cattle; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003806:Dentin Permeability; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C103500:Prime & Bond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate