title: Akt mediates cytoprotection of endothelial cells by vascular endothelial growth factor in an anchorage-dependent manner.
abstract: Regulation of endothelial cell apoptosis is a critical modulator of normal and pathological angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the role of the protein kinase Akt/PKB in endothelial cell survival in response to growth factor and matrix attachment signals. Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-induced cytoprotection of endothelial cell monolayers correlated with the wortmannin-sensitive induction of Akt activity. Transfection of an adenovirus expressing a dominant-negative Akt mutant decreased endothelial cell viability in the presence of VEGF. Conversely, adenoviral transduction of wild-type Akt facilitated the cell survival effects of VEGF, whereas transduction of constitutively active Akt conferred endothelial cell survival in the absence of VEGF. Constitutively active Akt also conferred survival to endothelial cells in suspension culture, whereas stimulation with VEGF did not. In suspension cultures, VEGF stimulation was unable to activate Akt, and Akt protein levels were repressed in cells undergoing anoikis. These data suggest that cross-talk between growth factor- and anchorage-dependent signaling pathways are essential for Akt activation and endothelial cell survival.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Research, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center and Program in Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Biomedical Studies, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02135, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujio
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008222:Lymphokines; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D000077191:Wortmannin