title: Relative hypoglycemia of rectal insulin suppositories containing deoxycholic acid, sodium taurocholate, polycarbophil, and their combinations in diabetic rabbits.
abstract: In this study, insulin suppositories containing 50 U insulin incorporated with 50 mg of deoxycholic acid, sodium taurocholate, or both were placed in the rectum of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rabbits. A large decrease in plasma glucose concentrations was observed, and the relative hypoglycemias were calculated to be 38.0%, 34.9%, and 44.4%, respectively, compared with insulin subcutaneous (s.c.) injection (40 U). Insulin suppositories containing 50 mg polycarbophil alone or mixed with 50 mg deoxycholic acid produced relative hypoglycemia of 43.1% and 42.2%, respectively. The most pronounced effect was observed with the addition of polycarbophil to the suppository formulation containing a combination of deoxycholic acid and sodium taurocholate, which produced a 56% relative hypoglycemia compared with subcutaneous injection. These suppository formulations could be very promising alternatives to the current insulin injections, being roughly half as efficacious as subcutaneous injection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Ehosny@ksu.edu.sa
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hosny
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003902:Detergents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D013488:Suppositories / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013656:Taurocholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003902:Detergents; D007328:Insulin; D013488:Suppositories; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; C030312:calcium polycarbophil