title: A second outbreak of hepatitis C virus infection from anti-D immunoglobulin in Ireland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the infectivity for hepatitis C virus (HCV) of intravenous anti-D immunoglobulin batches manufactured in Ireland between 1991 and 1994.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women who had received anti-D manufactured between 1991 and 1994 were screened for serological markers of HCV infection and for the presence of HCV RNA by RT-PCR amplification and virus genotyping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  44 women exposed to anti-D manufactured between 1991 and 1994 were polymerase chain reaction positive for HCV RNA, 19 of whom were infected with genotype 3a virus shown by phylogenetic analysis of the NS5B gene to be closely related to that from the single implicated donor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anti-D manufactured in 1991-1994 transmitted infection of HCV genotype 3a. The prevalence of HCV-specific antibody in anti-D recipients was relatively low (0.59%), consistent with the low level of virus RNA in these anti-D batches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh, Medical School, Edinburgh, UK. Donald.B.Smith@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lawlor
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Power
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Riordan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McAllister
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lycett
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pathirana
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Garson
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tedder
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Simmonds
mesh_terms: D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018029:Rho(D) Immune Globulin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012698:Serologic Tests
chemical_list: D018029:Rho(D) Immune Globulin