title: Perceived parenting pattern and response to antidepressants in patients with major depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No systematic study has been conducted to explore the relationship of dysfunctional parenting early in life, as measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), to outcomes of depression, although a number of studies have related parenting behaviors to the development of depression in adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relationship between PBI scores and 4-month outcomes after treatment with antidepressants was explored in 60 outpatients with major depression, controlling for potentially confounding factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that low levels of paternal care, unmarried condition, non-melancholic features, and a high isolation tendency were all factors that contributed to poor outcomes for depression. The predictive power of low paternal care was not influenced by levels of depression or neuroticism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study did not attempt to explore whether the effects of parenting of father and mother on outcomes for depression may differ between male and female subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that low levels of paternal care may be an independent predictor of a poor response to treatment with adequate antidepressants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan. nightmar@med.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakado
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakado
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Someya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000639:Amitriptyline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001290:Attitude; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007099:Imipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008376:Maprotiline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009769:Object Attachment; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D000639:Amitriptyline; D008376:Maprotiline; D007099:Imipramine