title: Neurological correlates of depressive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Organic brain disease such as dementia or stroke is associated with depression. In dementia, depressive symptoms are common where there is evidence of vascular disease and in Alzheimer's disease they often coexist with extrapyramidal signs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a study of 60 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 39 patients with vascular dementia, depressive symptoms were rated using the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia. Neurological signs were assessed and severity of cognitive impairment was measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depressive symptoms were more severe in vascular dementia. Pyramidal tract signs had no relationship to depression in either type of dementia. In vascular dementia, extrapyramidal and grasp reflexes were strongly related to the severity of depression, and were associated with neurovegetative features. In Alzheimer's disease, extrapyramidal signs were the strongest independent predictor of the severity of depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depressive symptoms are more severe in vascular dementia compared to Alzheimer's disease and were related to neurological abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Forston Clinic, Herrison, Dorchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tomenson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burns
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index