title: Raf-1 and B-Raf proteins have similar regional distributions but differential subcellular localization in adult rat brain.
abstract: The Raf kinases play an important and specific role in the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) cascade. Beside its role in the control of proliferation and differentiation, the ERK cascade has also been implicated in neuron-specific functions. In order to gain clues on the function of Raf kinases in the adult central nervous system (CNS), we performed a comparative analysis of the distribution and subcellular localization of the different Raf kinases in rat brain with antibodies specific for the different Raf kinases. We show that B-Raf and Raf-1 proteins are present in most brain areas, whereas A-Raf is not detected. Interestingly, the two Raf proteins have an approximately similar pattern of distribution with a rostro-caudal decreasing gradient of expression. These two kinases are colocalized in neurons but they are differentially located in subcellular compartments. Raf-1 is localized mainly in the cytosolic fraction around the nucleus, whereas B-Raf is widely distributed in the cell bodies and in the neuritic processes. In addition, we demonstrated that numerous B-Raf isoforms are present in the brain. These isoforms have a differential pattern of distribution, some of them being ubiquitously expressed whereas others are localized to specific brain areas. These isoforms also have a clear differential subcellular localization, specially in Triton-insoluble fractions, but also in synaptosomal, membrane and cytosolic compartments. Altogether these results suggest that each Raf protein could have a distinct signalling regulatory function in the brain with regard to its subcellular localization.
authors.affiliation: Institut Alfred Fessard, UPR 2212 CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morice
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nothias
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vernier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baccarini
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Barnier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019556:COS Cells; D007158:Immunologic Techniques; D007536:Isomerism; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D016716:PC12 Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf