title: Conversion of an inactive cardiac dihydropyridine receptor II-III loop segment into forms that activate skeletal ryanodine receptors.
abstract: A 25 amino acid segment (Glu666-Pro691) of the II-III loop of the alpha1 subunit of the skeletal dihydropyridine receptor, but not the corresponding cardiac segment (Asp788-Pro814), activates skeletal ryanodine receptors. To identify the structural domains responsible for activation of skeletal ryanodine receptors, we systematically replaced amino acids of the cardiac II-III loop with their skeletal counterparts. A cluster of five basic residues of the skeletal II-III loop (681RKRRK685) was indispensable for activation of skeletal ryanodine receptors. In the cardiac segment, a negatively charged residue (Glu804) appears to diminish the electrostatic potential created by this basic cluster. In addition, Glu800 in the group of negatively charged residues 798EEEEE802 of the cardiac II-III loop may serve to prevent the binding of the activation domain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53706, USA.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gurrola
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Valdivia
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011817:Rabbits; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000378:metabolism; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D010455:Peptides; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D014316:Tritium; D012433:Ryanodine