title: Apoptosis and the pattern of DNase I expression following massive small bowel resection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Following massive small bowel resection (SBR), histologic evidence of increased enterocyte apoptosis has been demonstrated in several animal models. Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) is requisite for intranuclear cleavage of DNA during apoptosis; we therefore hypothesized that the expression of this gene would be increased following SBR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male ICR mice underwent either 50% proximal SBR or sham surgery (bowel transection/reanastomosis). After 12 h and 1, 3, and 7 days, rates of enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis were recorded as well as DNase I mRNA expression and activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adaptation after SBR was confirmed at each time point by increased proliferation. Enterocyte proliferation was increased by 12 h and apoptosis was increased by 24 h and remained elevated through Day 7. When compared with sham-operated mice, SBR resulted in a twofold increase in both DNase I expression and activity at 24 h postoperatively, which returned to baseline by Postoperative Day 3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DNase I expression and activity are increased early following massive SBR but return to baseline despite persistent increased rates of enterocyte apoptosis and proliferation. This enzyme may be important in the early induction of apoptosis following massive SBR, but not once a new set point has been established in the balance between the rate of enterocyte production and enterocyte loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Falcone
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Erwin
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Warner
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I