title: Protein pulse feeding improves protein retention in elderly women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adequate protein nutrition could be used to limit gradual body protein loss and improve protein anabolism in the elderly.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We tested the hypothesis that an uneven protein feeding pattern was more efficient in improving protein anabolism than was an even pattern.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a controlled period, 15 elderly women (mean age: 68 y) were fed for 14 d either a pulse diet (n = 7), providing 80% of the daily protein intake at 1200, or a spread diet (n = 8), in which the same daily protein intake was spread over 4 meals. Both diets provided 1.7 g protein x kg fat-free mass (FFM)(-1) x d(-1). Protein accretion and daily protein turnover were determined by using the nitrogen balance method and the end product method (ammonia and urea) after an oral dose of [15N]glycine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nitrogen balance was more positive with the pulse than with the spread diet (54 +/- 7 compared with 27 +/- 6 mg N x kg FFM(-1) x d(-1); P < 0.05). Protein turnover rates were also higher with the pulse than with the spread diet (5.58 +/- 0.22 compared with 4.98 +/- 0.17 g protein x kg FFM(-1) x d(-1); P < 0.05), mainly because of higher protein synthesis in the pulse group (4.48 +/- 0.19 g protein x kg FFM(-1) x d(-1)) than in the spread group (3.75 +/- 0.19 g protein x kg FFM(-1) x d(-1)) (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A protein pulse-feeding pattern was more efficient than was a protein spread-feeding pattern in improving, after 14 d, whole-body protein retention in elderly women.
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Etude du Métabolisme Azoté, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, France.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arnal
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mosoni
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Boirie
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Houlier
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verdier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ritz
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Antoine
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prugnaud
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beaufrère
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Mirand
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D009584:Nitrogen