title: Treatment Issues in Adolescent Substance Use and Addictions: Options, Outcome, Effectiveness, Reimbursement, and Admission Criteria.
abstract: Cost-reduction strategies and a lack of overall perspective have created a potentially dangerous climate for the treatment of the various forms of adolescent substance abuse. The authors argue for a holistic approach that focuses on demographics, family issues, school functioning, and other related problems as well as on careful evaluation of treatment outcome and criteria for admission, continued stay, and discharge from treatment programs.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Vice President, New Standards, Inc., St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mee-Lee
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Arrowood