title: Human immunodeficiency virus infection associated arthritis: clinical characteristics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the frequency and characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated arthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 270 patients with HIV infection were prospectively evaluated for the presence of rheumatic complaints. Diagnosis of HIV infection was performed by ELISA and confirmed by Western blot, and all HIV patients were classified according to the US Centers for Disease Control criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one (7.8%) patients presented with HIV associated arthritis. Other arthritides including HLA-B27 related, such as Reiter's syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, were excluded. Seventeen were men and 4 women, with a mean age of 34.8 years (SD 11.1). Fourteen (66%) were homosexuals, 4 (19%) intravenous drug users, and 3 (14%) heterosexuals. Twelve (57%) were in stage IV, 5 (23%) in stage III, and 4 (9%) in stage II. Ten (47%) patients had oligoarticular involvement, 8 (38%) monoarticular, 2 (9%) asymmetric polyarthritis, and one (4%) symmetric polyarthritis. Rheumatoid factor and HLA-B27 antigen were negative in all (15) patients studied. The mean duration of arthritis was 2 weeks (1-24). No differences in duration of arthritis were found among the different risk factors (p = 0.811), HIV stages (p = 0.205), and type of articular involvement (p = 0.252). There was, however, a trend between the number of involved joints and stages of HIV infection (p = 0.13).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of joint involvement of HIV associated arthritis is similar to that of other viral disorders: acute onset, short duration, no recurrences, and no erosive changes.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Section, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cahn
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spindler
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lucero
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paz
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Espinoza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015796:HLA-B27 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000032:analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D015796:HLA-B27 Antigen; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor