title: Comparative evaluation of the inflammatory mediators in patients undergoing laparoscopic versus conventional cholecystectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Injury induces systemic inflammatory response. The degree of response is proportionate to the trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with ultrasound-proven gall stones posted for operation were randomized into two groups. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in one group while the other group underwent conventional cholecystectomy. Peripheral venous blood samples for inflammatory mediators, namely tumour necrosis factor, C-reactive protein, oxygen release from monocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes were drawn 1 day before surgery and repeated on the first and third days after surgery. Partial pressure of arterial oxygen was also measured in both groups. Only patients who met selection criteria and had uncomplicated postoperative courses were included in the study. There was a total of 40 patients for the final analysis, 20 in each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference (P > 0.1) in age, sex or body mass index in both groups of patients. The level of all of the inflammatory mediators was elevated on the first postoperative day; however, the elevation was significantly less following laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared to conventional cholecystectomy (P < 0.01). Although the values came down on the third postoperative day, they remained above the respective controls. Postoperative hypoxaemia was significantly more in patients of conventional than laparoscopic cholecystectomy (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trauma-induced inflammatory response is significantly less following laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared to conventional cholecystectomy. It appears to be related to degree of trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bose
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Ganguly
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D010100:Oxygen