title: Localization of VEGF-B in the mouse embryo suggests a paracrine role of the growth factor in the developing vasculature.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) is structurally closely related to VEGF and binds one of its receptors, VEGFR-1. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to localize VEGF-B mRNA and protein in embryonic mouse tissues. In 8.5-17.5 day embryos, VEGF-B was most prominently expressed in the developing myocardium, but not in the cardiac cushion tissue. The strong expression in the heart persisted at later developmental stages, while weaker signals were obtained from several other tissues, including developing muscle, bone, pancreas, adrenal gland, and from the smooth muscle cell layer of several larger vessels, but not from endothelial cells. VEGF-B is likely to act in a paracrine fashion, as its receptor is almost exclusively present in endothelial cells. VEGF-B may have a role in vascularization of the heart, skeletal muscles and developing bones, and in paracrine interactions between endothelial and surrounding muscle cells.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Stockholm Branch, Sweden.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aase
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lymboussaki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaipainen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Olofsson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alitalo
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eriksson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016367:Baculoviridae / Q000378:metabolism; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000196:embryology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology*; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D042561:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D019476:Insect Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D042561:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1