title: Improved clearance of Mycobacterium avium upon disruption of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene.
abstract: Mice genetically deficient in the inducible NO synthase gene (iNOS-/-) were used to study the role played by NO during infection by Mycobacterium avium. iNOS-/- macrophages were equally able to restrict M. avium growth in vitro following stimulation by IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha as macrophages from wild-type mice. In vivo, the infection progressed at similar rates in wild-type and NO-deficient mice during the first 2 mo of infection, but the latter mice were subsequently more efficient in clearing the mycobacteria than the former. The increased resistance of iNOS-/- mice was associated with higher IFN-gamma levels in the serum and following in vitro restimulation of spleen cells with specific Ag, increased formation of granulomas and increased survival of CD4+ T cells. We show that NO is not involved in the antimycobacterial mechanisms of M. avium-infected macrophages and, furthermore, that it exacerbates the infection by causing the suppression of the immune response to the pathogen.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology of Infection, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flórido
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Pais
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Appelberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009162:Mycobacterium avium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D013045:Species Specificity; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D007371:Interferon-gamma; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse