title: Pharmacokinetics of azithromycin administered alone and with atovaquone in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. The ACTG 254 Team.
abstract: To evaluate if atovaquone (ATQ) interacts pharmacokinetically with azithromycin (AZ) in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children, 10 subjects (ages, 4 to 13 years) were randomized in a crossover study to receive AZ (5 mg/kg/day) alone (ALONE) or AZ (5 mg/kg/day) and ATQ (30 mg/kg/day) simultaneously (SIM) prior to receiving AZ and ATQ staggered by 12 h. Despite a lack of significant difference in the mean AZ pharmacokinetic parameters, the steady-state values of AZ's area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h and maximum concentration in serum were consistently lower (n = 7 of 7) for the SIM regimen than they were for the ALONE regimen. A larger study will be required to determine if ATQ affects AZ pharmacokinetics and efficacy in a clinically significant manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
authors.forename: L Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yogev
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Dankner
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burchett
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sadler
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Unadkat
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053626:Atovaquone; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004347:Drug Interactions; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D017963:Azithromycin; D053626:Atovaquone