title: Chronic aminoguanidine attenuates renal dysfunction and injury in aging rats.
abstract: We have previously shown that aging is associated with increased lipid peroxidation, reductions in renal function, and increased glomerular sclerosis. The mechanism(s) responsible for these age-related changes are not clear. The purpose of the present studies was to determine if there was an increase in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with aging, and if so, whether inhibition of iNOS would prevent aging injury by preventing free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation. iNOS protein expression in the kidney increased by approximately 90% by 24 months. Inhibition of iNOS by aminoguanidine (0.1% in drinking water) for 9 months, beginning at 13 months of age, reduced blood pressure, improved glomerular filtration rate by 70%, and renal plasma flow by 40%, whereas glomerular sclerosis was considerably reduced. Renal F2-isoprostanes and malondialdehyde levels, markers of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, were not reduced by aminoguanidine. Aminoguanidine also did not attenuate immunostaining for advanced glycosylation end products (AGE) in the kidneys. These findings suggest that aminoguanidine attenuates aging renal dysfunction by inhibiting a pathophysiologic function of iNOS that is independent of free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation or significant effects on AGE deposition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Reckelhoff
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Hennington
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kanji
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Racusen
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Salahudeen
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D015153:Blotting, Western; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017595:Renal Plasma Flow
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D006146:Guanidines; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D015237:Dinoprost; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; C004479:pimagedine