title: Comparison of computer workstation with light box for detecting setup errors from portal images.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Observer studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that radiation oncologists using a computer workstation for portal image analysis can detect setup errors at least as accurately as when following standard clinical practice of inspecting portal films on a light box.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a controlled observer study, nine radiation oncologists used a computer workstation, called PortFolio, to detect setup errors in 40 realistic digitally reconstructed portal radiograph (DRPR) images. PortFolio is a prototype workstation for radiation oncologists to display and inspect digital portal images for setup errors. PortFolio includes tools for image enhancement; alignment of crosshairs, field edges, and anatomic structures on reference and acquired images; measurement of distances and angles; and viewing registered images superimposed on one another. The test DRPRs contained known in-plane translation or rotation errors in the placement of the fields over target regions in the pelvis and head. Test images used in the study were also printed on film for observers to view on a light box and interpret using standard clinical practice. The mean accuracy for error detection for each approach was measured and the results were compared using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the Geisser-Greenhouse test statistic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicate that radiation oncologists participating in this study could detect and quantify in-plane rotation and translation errors more accurately with PortFolio compared to standard clinical practice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the results of this limited study, it is reasonable to conclude that workstations similar to PortFolio can be used efficaciously in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, USA.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Boxwala
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Chaney
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Fritsch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raghavan
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Coffey
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Major
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016288:Computer Terminals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D018787:Radiation Oncology; D011859:Radiography