title: Oxidative stress and a murine superoxide dismutase-1 mutation promoting amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alter neurosecretion in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal axis.
abstract: In this study, we examined the effects of oxidative stress on a nitric oxide (NO)-regulated neuroendocrine function, the release of arginine vasopressin (AVP) by the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal axis. Treatment of mouse-isolated hypothalami and neurointermediate lobes (NIL) with H2O2 increased AVP release. This effect was inhibited by copper-zinc superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) analogs. By measuring cGMP accumulation as an indicator of biologically active NO, we found that H2O2 treatment decreased cGMP formation in both hypothalami and NIL. We have previously shown that NO inhibits AVP release by a cGMP-independent mechanism. Given that H2O2 stimulated AVP release, while it reduced cGMP production, our findings strongly suggest that oxidative damage affects neurosecretion by reducing NO availability. To test whether such a mechanism may operate under pathological conditions with pronounced oxidative stress, we compared neurosecretion in wild-type and transgenic mice carrying a mutated form of SOD1 associated with human familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Reminiscent of the data obtained from H2O2-treated tissues, hypothalami and NIL from SOD1 mutants displayed decreased cGMP accumulation and increased AVP release, compared with tissues from wild-type littermates. Since neuronal NO synthase expression was not modified, we conclude that the perturbed free radical metabolism associated with the SOD1 mutation is likely to trap NO, and thereby alter neurosecretion, a mechanism that can be exacerbated in specific physiopathological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Cellulaire et Intégrée, UMR CNRS 7519, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lutz-Bucher
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: González de Aguilar
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: René
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sée
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loeffler
mesh_terms: D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation / Q000502:physiology*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C495402:Adcyap1 protein, mouse; D009479:Neuropeptides; D016877:Oxidants; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; C496321:Nos1 protein, mouse; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D006152:Cyclic GMP