title: Microglial/macrophage expression of interleukin 10 in human glioblastomas.
abstract: Interleukin 10 (IL-10) expression has been found to be correlated with the extent of malignancy in gliomas. In vitro, IL-10 increases proliferation and migratory capacity in human glioma cell lines. In this study, we localized the site of IL-10 synthesis in gliomas to cells of microglial origin. Biopsy specimens from 11 patients with malignant glioma were processed on native tissues and at early cell culture passages (0-4). IL-10 mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. Protein was quantitatively assessed by ELISA in cell culture supernatants, and cells expressing IL-10 were determined by a combination of immunohistochemistry for CD68 (specific for microglia/macrophage lineage) and IL-10 in situ hybridization. IL-10 mRNA decreased from passage 0 to 4 in all samples and was undetectable beyond passage 5. Such downregulation of mRNA leads to a steep decrease of IL-10 protein in culture supernatants (below detection level, 0.05 ng/ml, beyond passage 1). The combination of in situ hybridization for IL-10 and CD68 immunostaining revealed that only cells of the microglia/macrophage lineage produced IL-10 mRNA. Our results identify microglia/macrophage cells as the major source of IL-10 expression in gliomas which decreases markedly during early passages of primary cultures of human gliomas due to a progressive reduction of microglia/macrophages present.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Czub
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greif
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Vince
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Süss
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kerkau
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rieckmann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Roggendorf
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roosen
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tonn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D016753:Interleukin-10; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule