title: Estimation of wound age and VCAM-1 in human skin.
abstract: To estimate the age of skin wounds, the endothelial adhesion molecule VCAM-1 (CD 106) was detected in paraffin sections after autoclaving and using the ABC technique. The percentage of VCAM-1 positive blood vessels was determined after the blood vessels had been marked with PECAM-1 (CD 31). Low positive staining reactions were observed for VCAM-1 on endothelial cells of uninjured skin in 18% of the samples. In injured skin, 51% of the cases investigated showed a VCAM-1 expression. Strong positive staining reactions were observed 3 h at the earliest and 3.5 days at the latest after the time of injury. The immunohistochemical results for VCAM-1 differed significantly between the injured and uninjured skin (P < 0.01). In a few cases VCAM-1 was detected (n = 6) at low intensity in postmortem skin wounds and a moderate to strong expression of VCAM-1 is indicative of the vitality of the wound. The detection of VCAM-1 can be used for estimating the age of wounds in forensic applications if the degree of expression of further adhesion molecules, especially that of selectins, is taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Technical University Medical School, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dressler
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D005554:Forensic Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000293:injuries*; D013997:Time Factors; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1