title: Axis I and Axis II disorder comorbidity in unipolar depression with anger attacks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated whether anger attacks in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) are associated with higher rates of panic or other Axis I or II comorbid disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  306 out-patients (163 women, mean age 39.5+/-10.5) with MDD were administered the Structured Clinical Interviews for Axis I and II Disorders, and the Anger Attacks Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with anger attacks showed only a trend toward a significantly higher rate of current panic disorder (P = 0.06) but no other difference in Axis I comorbidity. In addition patients with anger attacks had a slightly but significantly greater degree of depression severity. Consistent with previous studies, we have also found that depressed patients with anger attacks had significantly higher rates of dependent, avoidant, narcissistic, borderline, and antisocial personality disorders than those without anger attacks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anger attacks do not appear to be associated with any specific pattern of Axis I comorbidity, but they are certainly linked with certain personality disorders. It is possible that the acute depressive state may have confounded the assessment of personality disorder rates, as well as the presence of anger attacks. On the other hand, both depressed patient groups (with or without anger attacks) were subject to the same confounding effect as their depression severity was rather comparable, thereby limiting the impact of this potential bias.
authors.affiliation: Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tedlow
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leslie
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Keefe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alpert
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nierenberg
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fava
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000786:Anger; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index