title: Syringe and needle exchange as HIV/AIDS prevention for injection drug users in Puerto Rico.
abstract: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the first needle exchange program (NEP) established in Puerto Rico. The data for this study were collected during the first months of the NEP from July 1995 to March 1996 in 13 communities of the San Juan metropolitan area. Subjects were the participants of two modalities of the NEP: a mobile team and a community-based drug treatment program. During the 3-week evaluation period, 2401 injection drug users (IDUs) were recruited, resulting in a total of 19,195 exchange contacts and 146,323 syringes exchanged. No significant change in drug injection was observed. However, the program was effective in reducing sharing of syringes and cookers. The study suggests that the NEP did help in reducing needle sharing in Puerto Rico. However, the HIV seropositivity in returned syringes suggests the need to continue aggressive prevention programs to arrest the epidemic among IDUs. However, factors related to the socio-cultural environment as well as cultural norms and traditions need to be considered when planning and expanding NEPs.
authors.affiliation: Center for Addiction Studies, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, Puerto Rico. ucccea@caribe.net
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Robles
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Colón
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Matos
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Finlinson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Marrero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Reyes
mesh_terms: D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D018671:Needle-Exchange Programs / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011647:Puerto Rico; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous; D013594:Syringes