title: Double switch for congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the early and medium term results of operations for congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) wherein the left ventricle becomes the systemic ventricle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen patients with CCTGA who underwent anatomic repair from 1994 to 1998 were placed in one of two groups: those without pulmonic stenosis (PS) (N = 7) and those with PS (N = 7). Main associations in the group without PS were: severe left atrioventricular (AV) valve regurgitation (N = 4), ventricular septal defect (VSD) (N = 4), criss-cross AV connection (N = 1), and hypoplasia of the morphologic RV (N = 1). Main associations in the group with PS were: VSD (N = 7), anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (N = 2) and major aorto-pulmonary collaterals (N = 1). All patients in the group without PS underwent an arterial switch operation and all except one had a modified senning repair for atrial rerouting for anatomic correction. All seven patients with PS underwent a Rastelli repair and all except one needed a modified senning repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Early survivorship in both groups was 6/7. Follow-up ranges from 1 month to 48 months. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the arterial switch and senning patients was 65% and in the Rastelli and atrial rerouting was 52%. None of the survivors except one have any significant mitral regurgitation (MR). The one exception resulted from iatrogenic damage to a chorda during VSD closure. All except two patients are class I symptomatic and all are in normal sinus rhythm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Satisfactory early and mid term results of anatomic repair support the double switch option as the procedure of choice for patients of CCTGA amenable to biventricular repair.
authors.affiliation: Cardio thoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. rsharmacvs@hotmail.com
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Juneja
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kothari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Venugopal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011666:Pulmonary Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome