title: Repair of orbital floor fractures with hydroxyapatite block scaffolding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of using a scaffold of hydroxyapatite blocks within the maxillary sinus to treat patients with large orbital floor fractures and secondary vertical globe dystopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series of five patients. Hydroxyapatite blocks were stacked within the maxillary antrum to support the reconstructed orbital floor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients had good results, though mild residual enophthalmos persisted in three patients. The orbital floor implants and globe positions remained stable during follow-up intervals ranging from 46 to 65 months. No adverse postoperative complications, such as sinusitis, developed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydroxyapatite block scaffolding is a useful alternative to metallic floor implants and autologous bone grafts in the reconstruction of large traumatic orbital floor defects associated with vertical globe dystopia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, USA.
authors.forename: B N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Lemke
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017886:Durapatite; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D009915:Orbit / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D020273:Orbital Implants; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017886:Durapatite