title: Intestinal endocrine cells in myotonic dystrophy: an immunocytochemical and computed image analytical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study intestinal endocrine cell types in patients suffering from myotonic dystrophy (MD) and diarrhoea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative study between MD patients and matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Departments of Medicine, Central Hospital, Boden, and University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with MD (four males and six females) and suffering from diarrhoea. Ten healthy volunteers served as controls for the duodenal study and 13 patients under investigation for rectal bleeding and with endoscopically normal mucosa were controls for the rectal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The duodenal and rectal endocrine cell types were identified by immunohistochemical investigation and quantified by computed image analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total endocrine cell area in the duodenum as demonstrated by chromogranin A-immunoreactivity was significantly increased in MD as compared with the controls (126 +/- 58 vs. 48 +/- 22 x 10(3) micron 2 mm-2 in crypts and 230 +/- 183 vs. 28 +/- 22 in villi, respectively, P < 0.01). The increase included all types of endocrine cells studied, namely those positive for serotonin, cholecystokinin (CCK)/gastrin, secretin, gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and somatostatin. In the rectum, the total endocrine cell area as determined by chromogranin A-immunoreactivity was also significantly increased, but there was no statistical difference between the controls and patients with respect to the area of serotonin-, peptide YY (PYY)-, pancreatic polypeptide (PP)- or somatostatin-immunoreactive cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase in endocrine cell area indicates a disturbed endocrine regulation of the gastrointestinal tract that may contribute to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms encountered in MD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Central Hospital, Boden, Sweden. anders.ronnblom@medicin.uu.se
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rönnblom
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Danielsson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: el-Salhy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D019858:Enteroendocrine Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009223:Myotonic Dystrophy / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000473:pathology