title: Identification and developmental expression of a 5'-3' exoribonuclease from Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: In multicellular organisms, very little is known about the role of mRNA stability in development, and few proteins involved in degradation pathways have been characterized. We have identified the Drosophila homologue of XRN1, which is the major cytoplasmic 5'-3' exoribonuclease in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein sequence of this homologue (pacman) has 59% identity to S. cerevisiae XRN1 and 67% identity to the mouse homologue (mXRN1p) in certain regions. Sequencing of this cDNA revealed that it includes a trinucleotide repeat (CAG)9 which encodes polyglutamine. By directly measuring pacman exoribonuclease activity in yeast, we demonstrate that pacman can complement the yeast XRN1 mutation. Northern blots show a single transcript of approximately 5.2 kb which is abundant only in 0-8-h embryos and in adult males and females. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that the pcm transcripts are maternally derived, and are expressed at high levels in nurse cells. During early embryonic syncytial nuclear divisions, pcm transcripts are homogenously distributed. pcm mRNA is expressed abundantly and ubiquitously throughout the embryo during gastrulation, with high levels in the germ band and head structures. After germ band retraction, pcm transcripts are present at much lower levels, in agreement with the Northern results. Our experiments provide the first example of an exoribonuclease which is differentially expressed throughout development.
authors.affiliation: Biophysics Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK.
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Till
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Linz
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Seago
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Elgar
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Marujo
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Arraiano
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: McClellan
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Newbury
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D005095:Exoribonucleases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology; D011061:Poly A / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015003:Yeasts / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D011061:Poly A; D005095:Exoribonucleases; C068398:XRN1 protein, S cerevisiae; C028793:5'-exoribonuclease