title: Hemodynamic properties of the hemopump HP14.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Hemopump HP14 is a catheter-mounted, transvalvular, left ventricular assist device intended for femoral percutaneous insertion. The pump was developed for patients with postoperative or postinterventional low cardiac output and for CABG surgery on the beating heart. Little is known about the effect of afterload and hematocrit on the pump performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The influence of hematocrit and afterload on the pump flow was tested using an in vitro model filled with heparinized bovine blood. Regression analysis of the pump flow with respect to three hematocrit values (20%, 30%, 40%) and ten afterload levels (30 mmHg-120 mmHg in 10 mmHg increments) was performed for all pump speed levels (n = 7).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At all pump speed levels reduction of afterload and hematocrit were significant predictors for increasing pump flow (p<0.001). For hematocrit values between 40% and 20% and highest pump speed, mean pump flow at lowest afterload ranged between 2.34 and 2.53 L/min; and at highest afterload between 1.31 and 1.53 L/min. For speed level 1, afterload of 120 mmHg and hematocrit of 40% there was a maximal retrograde flow of 230+/-35 ml/min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pump performance is significantly improved by both afterload and hematocrit reduction. In the weaning phase and during the removal of the device, the pump should run at a speed level of at least three to prevent retrograde flow in the pump. Estimates for pump flow in vivo can be extrapolated from our diagrams. Our results show that the Hemopump HP14 is a valuable alternative to intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation.
authors.affiliation: Clinical for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. lachat@chi.usz.ch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lachat
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jaggy
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leskosek
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: von Segesser
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zünd
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002417:Cattle; D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006400:Hematocrit; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity