Mechanism of Salmonella typhimurium histidinol dehydrogenase: kinetic isotope effects and pH profiles.
L-Histidinol dehydrogenase catalyzes the biosynthetic oxidation of L-histidinol to L-histidine with sequential reduction of two molecules of NAD. Previous isotope exchange results had suggested that the oxidation of histidinol to the intermediate histidinaldehyde occurred 2-3-fold more rapidly than overall catalysis. In this work, we present kinetic isotope effects (KIE) studies at pH 9.0 and at pH 6.7 with stereospecifically mono- and dideuterated histidinols. The data at pH 9.0 support minimal participation of the first hydride transfer and substantial participation of the second hydride transfer in the overall rate limitation. Stopped-flow experiments with protiated histidinol revealed a small burst of NADH production with stoichiometry of 0.12 per subunit, and 0.25 per subunit with dideuterated histidinol, indicating that the overall first half-reaction was not significantly faster than the second reaction sequence. Results from kcat and kcat/KM titrations with histidinol, NAD, and the alternative substrate imidazolyl propanediol demonstrated an essential base with pKa values between 7.7 and 8.4. In KIE experiments performed at pH 6.7 or with a coenzyme analogue at pH 9. 0, the first hydride transfer became more rate limiting. Kinetic simulations based on rate constants estimated from this work fit well with a mechanism that includes a relatively fast, and thermodynamically unfavorable, hydride transfer from histidinol and a slower, irreversible second hydride transfer from a histidinaldehyde derivative. Thus, although the chemistry of the first hydride transfer is fast, both partial reactions participate in the overall rate limitation.
Grubmeyer
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Department of Biochemistry, Fels Institute for Cancer and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA.
Teng
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D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D002384:Catalysis; D003903:Deuterium; D006641:Histidinol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000201:enzymology*; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D007093:Imidazoles; D006641:Histidinol; D003903:Deuterium; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C021358:histidinol dehydrogenase