title: The cost effectiveness of patient-applied versus provider-administered intervention strategies for the treatment of external genital warts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  External genital warts are one of the fastest growing sexually transmitted diseases in the United States today. Two forms of therapy are available: provider-administered and patient-applied. In the most widely used provider-administered ablative therapies, sustained clearance rates range from 18.5% to 40.1%. With nonablative, patient-applied therapies, which are typically more acceptable to patients, sustained clearance rates range from 19.6% with podofilox gel to 44.0% with imiquimod cream. The purpose of this study, given the range of therapies available, their cost differences, and clinical trial-reported differences in rates of sustained clearance, is to determine which therapy modalities, from the providers' perspective, are the most cost effective and which are likely to be the most acceptable to the patient population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We consider the cost effectiveness of the two patient-applied therapies as first-line therapy followed by provider-administered ablative treatment as second-line therapy. A decision-analytic model framework is developed, with data drawn both from clinical trials and from previously published studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When considering a two-stage therapy model, with an average sustained clearance rate of 30% assumed for provider-administered ablative therapies, estimated costs per sustained cleared patient are $1265 for patients initially treated with imiquimod and $1304 for patients initially treated with podofilox gel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Initial treatment with imiquimod is the preferred intervention option as it yields a 39% greater sustained clearance rate than podofilox gel while being 3% less costly per successful outcome.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, USA. paul.langley@UCHSC.edu
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Langley
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tyring
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D016527:Drug Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008509:Medication Systems / Q000191:economics*; D011034:Podophyllotoxin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012646:Self Administration / Q000191:economics; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D011034:Podophyllotoxin; D000077271:Imiquimod