Noxious heat activates all capsaicin-sensitive and also a sub-population of capsaicin-insensitive dorsal root ganglion neurons.
A sub-population of primary afferent fibres comprising mainly Adelta and C polymodal nociceptors specifically detects high intensity heat stimuli. These fibres are also sensitive to high threshold mechanical stimulation and different chemicals including inflammatory mediators. C-polymodal nociceptors are also activated by capsaicin. Recent findings show that noxious heat induces inward currents in a sub-population of cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons by opening nonselective cation-channels. It has been suggested that noxious heat is transduced by the recently cloned capsaicin-gated ion-channel since oocytes and HEK 293 cells expressing this channel respond to heat as well as capsaicin. In agreement with this suggestion Kirschstein et al. found in a small sample of dorsal root ganglion cells that all heat-sensitive neurons were also sensitive to capsaicin. In this study we examine further, by whole-cell voltage-clamp recording from adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons grown in culture, the relationship between heat- and capsaicin-sensitivity. Our results show the existence of two kinds of heat-sensitive neurons, distinguished by their temperature thresholds. The low-threshold cells, which comprise the small-medium diameter population, are capsaicin-sensitive, whereas the high-threshold (mainly large-diameter) cells are not, and we postulate the existence of a heat transducer distinct from capsaicin receptor in the latter group.
Nagy
I
I
Novartis Institute for Medical Research, London, UK.
Rang
H
H
D000818:Animals; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000502:physiology; D013823:Thermoreceptors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*
D002211:Capsaicin