title: Presenility of granulocytes in Down syndrome individuals.
abstract: Neutrophil function defects occur in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). We examined apoptosis of granulocytes (neutrophils and eosinophils) in DS individuals and control healthy subjects. Granulocyte survival was shortened in DS individuals, and the percentage of apoptotic granulocytes from DS during incubation was significantly higher than that from healthy subjects. The difference was time-dependent, and that between DS and healthy subjects was nearly 30% after longer periods of incubation. In control granulocytes, both granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (10 ng/ml) and interleukin-5 (5 ng/ml) counteracted the programmed cell death and delayed the apoptosis caused by anti-Fas antibodies, whereas those inflammatory cytokines were not able to completely prevent cellular apoptosis in DS patients. Apoptosis and functional impairment of granulocytes may contribute to the risk of infections underlying pathological conditions of DS, and accelerated apoptosis of granulocytes may be a factor to prevent chronic airway inflammation and bronchial asthma in DS individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan. koyasui@gipac.shinshu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinozaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Agematsu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Komiyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015848:Interleukin-5; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D019014:fas Receptor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor