Pharmacokinetics of azithromycin administered alone and with atovaquone in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. The ACTG 254 Team.
To evaluate if atovaquone (ATQ) interacts pharmacokinetically with azithromycin (AZ) in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children, 10 subjects (ages, 4 to 13 years) were randomized in a crossover study to receive AZ (5 mg/kg/day) alone (ALONE) or AZ (5 mg/kg/day) and ATQ (30 mg/kg/day) simultaneously (SIM) prior to receiving AZ and ATQ staggered by 12 h. Despite a lack of significant difference in the mean AZ pharmacokinetic parameters, the steady-state values of AZ's area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h and maximum concentration in serum were consistently lower (n = 7 of 7) for the SIM regimen than they were for the ALONE regimen. A larger study will be required to determine if ATQ affects AZ pharmacokinetics and efficacy in a clinically significant manner.
Ngo
L Y
LY
Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Yogev
R
R
Dankner
W M
WM
Hughes
W T
WT
Burchett
S
S
Xu
J
J
Sadler
B
B
Unadkat
J D
JD
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053626:Atovaquone; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004347:Drug Interactions; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D017963:Azithromycin; D053626:Atovaquone