title: Prognostic value of positive pleural lavage in patients with lung cancer resection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite an early stage, lung cancer patients often have a poor survival, suggesting inaccurate staging. A pleural lavage demonstrating malignant cells at the time of operation may predict a poorer survival, particularly in patients with otherwise early disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients, with no preoperative evidence of pleural effusions and undergoing a surgical resection with curative intent, had a preresectional and postresectional lavage to be evaluated by cytology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen percent of patients with stage I disease had malignant cells in their preresectional lavage and had a significantly shorter survival than stage I patients with a negative lavage. Positivity of preresectional lavage was not correlated with nodal status, pleural or lymphatic involvement, or histologic findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative pleural lavage should become a standard technique intraoperatively to better characterize and stage patients undergoing lung cancer resections. Patients with malignant cells in their preoperative lavage should be upstaged.
authors.affiliation: Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Dresler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fratelli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Babb
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000473:pathology*; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation