title: Remnant lipoprotein levels in fasting serum predict coronary events in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Remnant lipoproteins are atherogenic, but assays of remnants have not been available in routine clinical laboratories because of the lack of practical and validated methods. A simple and reliable method for such an assay, using an immunochemical approach, has recently been developed. This study prospectively examined whether remnant lipoprotein levels in fasting serum, measured by our method, may have prognostic value in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Remnant lipoprotein levels in fasting serum were measured in 135 patients with CAD by an immunoaffinity mixed gel containing anti-apolipoprotein (apo) A-1 and anti-apoB-100 monoclonal antibodies. Patients were followed up for </=36 months until occurrence of 1 of the following clinical coronary events: recurrent or refractory angina pectoris requiring coronary revascularization, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or cardiac death. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significantly higher probability of developing coronary events in patients with the highest tertile of remnant levels (>5.1 mg cholesterol/dL; 75th percentile of distribution of remnant levels) than in those with the lowest tertile of remnant levels (</=3.3 mg cholesterol/dL; 50th percentile of the distribution). Higher levels of remnants were a significant and independent predictor of developing coronary events in multivariate Cox hazard analysis including the following covariates: extent of coronary artery stenosis, age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL cholesterol, and hypertriglyceridemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher levels of remnant lipoproteins in fasting serum predict future coronary events in patients with CAD independently of other risk factors. Thus, measurement of fasting remnant levels, assessed by the current immunoseparation method, may be helpful in assessment of CAD risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan. kiyo@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kugiyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takazoe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soejima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007120:Immunochemistry / Q000379:methods; D015994:Incidence; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins