title: Identification and initial characterization of calcyclin and phospholipase A2 in equine conceptuses.
abstract: For development to proceed normally, the appropriate genes must be expressed in the correct tissues and in the correct time frame. Knowledge of gene expression during development provides information about the changes taking place within the conceptus as well as possible reasons for pregnancy failure. However, little is known about gene expression during development in the equine conceptus. In this study, we examined differences in gene expression between day 12 and day 15 equine conceptuses by suppression subtractive hybridization. This technique was used to isolate transcripts that are more abundantly expressed in day 15 conceptuses compared to day 12 conceptuses. Between day 12 and 15 of pregnancy in horses, maternal recognition of pregnancy occurs, gastrulation is taking place, and mesoderm is beginning to form. Fifty cDNA clones were isolated, sequenced, and compared to known sequences in the GenBank database. Two cDNA clones identified that were of primary interest were calcyclin and phospholipase A2. Calcyclin is a calcium-binding protein of the S-100 protein family that has been found in mouse decidua and trophoblast. Calcyclin was found to be expressed in both day 12 and 15 equine conceptuses, with approximately a 30-fold increase in transcript abundance between days 12 and 15. Phospholipase A2 is an enzyme that cleaves phospholipids to release fatty acids and is involved in arachidonic acid release needed for prostaglandin, thromboxane, and leukotriene synthesis. Multiple forms of PLA2, that appear to be differentially regulated in day 12 and 15 conceptuses, were detected by northern blotting.
authors.affiliation: Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546-0099, USA. kss@pop.uky.edu
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Behrendt-Adam
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: McDowell
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015723:Gene Library; D006736:Horses / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000235:genetics*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011247:Pregnancy; D000075383:S100 Calcium Binding Protein A6; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D000075383:S100 Calcium Binding Protein A6; D009418:S100 Proteins; C489134:S100a6 protein, mouse; C055351:S100A6 protein, human; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2