Is the mechanical strength of spider's drag-lines reasonable as lifeline?
Drag-lines play a role as a lifeline for a spider to move and fall from trees. The mechanical strength of the drag-lines may be related to the spider's weight since spiders hang from them. The safety coefficient of drag-lines as the lifeline should be considered for the mechanical strength of the drag-lines consisting of double filaments. It was found that the elastic limit strength and breaking strength increase linearly with spider's weight, about twice the spider's weight corresponds to the elastic limit strength, and about six times the spider's weight corresponds to the breaking strength of drag-lines. In other words, the spider's weight corresponds to the elastic limit strength for the single filament. This means that a spider can act safely by one filament even though another filament is broken down. It should be an outcome from spider's long history of 400-million-years evolution. These findings may give a maximal efficiency for the mechanical strength of spider's drag-lines.
Osaki
S
S
Department of Life Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan. s-osaki@edu.shimane-u.ac.jp
D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D047011:Silk; D013112:Spiders / Q000737:chemistry*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013997:Time Factors
D019476:Insect Proteins; D047011:Silk