title: Induction of NF-kappaB by the Akt/PKB kinase.
abstract: The serine/threonine kinase Akt (also known as protein kinase B, PKB) is activated by numerous growth-factor and immune receptors through lipid products of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase. Akt can couple to pathways that regulate glucose metabolism or cell survival [1]. Akt can also regulate several transcription factors, including E2F, CREB, and the Forkhead family member Daf-16 [2] [3] [4]. Here, we show that Akt can regulate signaling pathways that lead to induction of the NF-kappaB family of transcription factors in the Jurkat T-cell line. This induction occurs, at least in part, at the level of degradation of the NF-kappaB inhibitor IkappaB, and is specific for NF-kappaB, as other inducible transcription factors are not affected by Akt overexpression. Furthermore, the effect requires the kinase activity and pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of Akt. Also, Akt does not act alone to induce cytokine promoters and NF-kappaB reporters, because signals from other pathways are required to observe the effect. These studies uncover a previously unappreciated connection between Akt and NF-kappaB induction that could have implications for the control of T-cell growth and survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stokoe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016328:NF-kappa B; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014157:Transcription Factors; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; C496559:CHUK protein, human; C496560:IKBKB protein, human; C496565:IKBKE protein, human