title: The effect of insulin delivery route on lipoproteins in type I diabetic patients on CAPD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of subcutaneous and intraperitoneal (i.p.) insulin on plasma lipoproteins in type I diabetic (IDDM) patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRD) treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A before-after trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital outpatient care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven IDDM patients with stabilized peritoneal dialysis, age 42.9 +/- 2.9 (SEM) years and duration of diabetes 31.4 +/- 3.4 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two treatment periods during stabilized CAPD. All patients were first treated with subcutaneous and then with i.p. insulin. The studies were performed after a median time of 3 months on each treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma lipids; apoproteins (Apo) A-I, A-II, and B; high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions; glycemic status; and uremic status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After changing from subcutaneous insulin to i.p. insulin, plasma HDL cholesterol decreased (from 1.29 +/- 0.13 mmol/L to 0.96 +/- 0.06 mmol/L, p < 0.05), and the low density to high density lipoprotein (LDL/HDL) cholesterol ratio increased (p < 0.05). The HDL cholesterol decreased in both HDL2 and HDL3 fractions, but significantly so only in HDL3 (p < 0.01). ApoA-I (p < 0.05) decreased while the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio (p < 0.01) and the ApoA-I/HDL-cholesterol ratio (p < 0.01) increased during i.p. insulin therapy. Intraperitoneal insulin resulted in significantly better glycemic control than subcutaneous insulin (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In diabetic patients on CAPD therapy, i.p. insulin, although inducing better glycemic control than subcutaneous insulin, was associated with lowered plasma HDL cholesterol and ApoA-I levels. The atherogenic potential is probably less than expected as the relative particle size of HDL remained unchanged.
authors.affiliation: Medical School, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Nevalainen
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lahtela
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mustonen
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Taskinen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pasternack
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D015314:Dialysis Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D007328:Insulin; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL