title: Indirect MR arthrography of the unexercised glenohumeral joint in patients with rotator cuff tears.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic utility of indirect MR arthrography of the unexercised glenohumeral joint in patients with rotator cuff tears confirmed by arthroscopy or arthrotomy as the gold standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients underwent conventional MR imaging and indirect MR arthrography of the stationary glenohumeral joint using a wrap-around surface coil. Unenhanced T1-weighted spin echo/T2-weighted fast spin echo sequences and T1-weighted gradient echo sequences, adding spectral fat suppression after intravenous administration of contrast medium, were performed in the oblique coronal and oblique sagittal planes. Images were analyzed by three experienced radiologists in consensus. Levels of diagnostic confidence were evaluated using a four-point scale of diagnostic certainty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Performing indirect MR arthrography of the unexercised shoulder leads to a diagnostically efficient enhancement of joint fluid (120% at 4 minutes and 145% at 8 minutes after intravenous injection of gadodiamide). In terms of soft tissue delineation, characterization of rotator cuff tears was significantly improved by using enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted gradient echo sequences compared with conventional MR imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Indirect MR arthrography without glenohumeral joint exercise in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears is feasible and represents a more convenient and less time-consuming alternative to indirect MR arthrography after joint exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Allmann
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hauer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winterer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laubenberger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reichelt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uhl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000473:pathology*; D013582:Synovial Fluid; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C064925:gadodiamide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA