title: Balanitis xerotica obliterans complicating hypospadias repair.
abstract: We review the literature and report a series of eight cases of balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) developing in patients following primary hypospadias repair. The ages of these patients ranged from 8 to 25 years with BXO developing from 1 to 16 years postoperatively. Six patients were treated by excision of the BXO tissue and two-stage urethroplasties with full-thickness grafts. Three of these patients had further recurrence of BXO and had re-do urethroplasty using a combination of bladder and buccal mucosa. The last two patients in this series had re-do urethroplasty using bladder mucosa only and bladder-buccal mucosa technique, respectively, as first choice for BXO complicating their hypospadias repair.
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgery & Burns Unit, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, Devon, UK.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Harris
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001446:Balanitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D012008:Recurrence; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery