title: Measuring central-chemoreflex sensitivity in man: rebreathing and steady-state methods compared.
abstract: We compared the central-chemoreflex sensitivities estimated from steady-state tests with those estimated from rebreathing tests in five subjects. In one laboratory, each subject underwent nine dynamic end-tidal forcing experiments. Three repetitions of 3, 6 and 9 mmHg step changes in the end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide, from a pre-step partial pressure 1.5 mmHg above resting, were used to establish four points of the steady-state ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. In another laboratory, each subject underwent two rebreathing experiments, one using Read's rebreathing technique and the other a modified rebreathing method which included a prior hyperventilation. The central-chemoreflex sensitivities, estimated from the slopes of the ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide using different combinations of the four steady-state points. were compared to those estimated from the slopes of the rebreathing responses. The steady-state sensitivities were significantly lower than the Read rebreathing sensitivities. The ratio of modified rebreathing sensitivities to steady-state sensitivities was closest to one when steady-state sensitivities were estimated from the two middle points of the ventilatory responses. The mean (SE) ratio of the sensitivities was 1.22 (0.21) in this case. We identify a number of factors that may affect the estimation of central-chemoreflex sensitivity using each technique. These include a maximum limit of the ventilation response at high partial pressures of carbon dioxide, an inability to sustain high ventilation for the duration of the steady-state tests and the inclusion of parts of the ventilatory response whose carbon dioxide partial pressures lie below the central-chemoreflex threshold. We conclude that the modified rebreathing method provides the best estimate of central-chemoreflex sensitivity of the three methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Amara
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duffin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D010313:Partial Pressure; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D012119:Respiration; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013990:Tidal Volume / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide