title: Cardiotrophin-1 attenuates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury.
abstract: Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a recently discovered member of the gp130 cytokine family, which includes IL-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and oncostatin M. Recent evidence suggests that, like other members of this family, CT-1 may possess anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that in vivo CT-1 administration would attenuate endotoxin (ETX)-induced acute lung injury. We studied the effects of CT-1 (100 microgram/kg ip, 10 min prior to ETX) in a rat model of ETX-induced acute lung injury (Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide, 20 mg/kg ip). Six hours after ETX, lungs were harvested for determination of neutrophil accumulation (myeloperoxidase, MPO, assay) and lung edema (wet-to-dry weight ratio). Mechanisms of pulmonary vasorelaxation were examined in isolated pulmonary artery rings at 6 h by interrogating endothelium-dependent (response to acetylcholine) and endothelium-independent (response to sodium nitroprusside) relaxation following alpha-adrenergic (phenylephrine)-stimulated preconstriction. CT-1 abrogated the endotoxin-induced lung neutrophil accumulation: 2.3 +/- 0.2 units MPO/g wet lung (gwl) vs 6. 3 +/- 0.3 units MPO/gwl in the ETX group (P < 0.05 vs ETX, P > 0.05 vs control). Similarly, CT-1 prevented ETX-induced lung edema: wet-to-dry-weight ratio, 4.473 +/- 0.039 vs 4.747 +/- 0.039 in the ETX group (P < 0.05 vs ETX, P > 0.05 vs control). Endotoxin caused significant impairment of both endothelium-dependent and -independent pulmonary vasorelaxation, and CT-1 attenuated this injury. Thus, cardiotrophin-1 possesses significant anti-inflammatory properties in a model of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, 80262, USA.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Pulido
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Shames
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pennica
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: O'leary
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Bensard
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: McIntyre
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000473:pathology; D004731:Endotoxins; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004731:Endotoxins; C092073:cardiotrophin 1; D006152:Cyclic GMP