title: Single high dose of local methotrexate for the management of relatively advanced ectopic pregnancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the limits of the conservative management of relatively advanced ectopic pregnancies (EPs) with local methotrexate given at a higher than standard dose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonrandomized prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary teaching hospital and an affiliated infertility center.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated 118 EPs of up to 56 days' gestation (8 weeks) regardless of the presence of fetal heart activity, the size of the gestational mass, and the initial beta-hCG levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transvaginal intraamniotic or laparoscopic intratubal injection of 100 mg of methotrexate as a single dose.
  
  
  METHODS
  beta-hCG levels, red and white blood cell count, and liver function tests before and after methotrexate injection, followed by repeat transvaginal color Doppler assessments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment was successful in 105 (88.98%) of the 118 patients included in the study. In 7 of them with persistent fetal cardiac activity after the methotrexate injection, treatment was concluded with a complementary intracardiac injection of 10% KCl. No grade 3 or important clinical, hematologic, or biochemical toxicities occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local administration of a single high dose of methotrexate (100 mg) proved safe and effective in the medical management of relatively advanced and unselected EPs, including cases with fetal heart activity, with high initial beta-hCG levels, and with a gestational mass beyond the standard maximum of 3.5 cm. Complementary hypertonic KCl proved to be effective in cases with persistent cardiac activity.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University, Hippokrateio Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tzafettas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stephanatos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loufopoulos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anapliotis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mamopoulos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalogeropoulos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000650:Amnion / Q000187:drug effects; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood; D004906:Erythrocyte Count; D005186:Fallopian Tube Patency Tests; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D008727:Methotrexate