title: Lysophosphatidylcholine stimulates phospholipase D activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) is a bioactive phospholipid that is involved in atherogenesis and inflammatory processes. However, the present understanding of mechanisms whereby lysophosphatidylcholine exerts its pathophysiological actions is incomplete. In the present work, we show that lysoPC stimulates phospholipase D (PLD) activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages. PLD activation leads to the generation of important second messengers such as phosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidic acid, and diacylglycerol, all of which can regulate cellular responses involved in atherogenesis and inflammation. The activation of PLD by lysoPC was attenuated by down-regulation of protein kinase C activity with prolonged incubation with 100 nm of 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Preincubation of the macrophages with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein also decreased the stimulation of PLD by lysoPC, while pretreatment with orthovanadate, which inhibits tyrosine phosphatases, enhanced basal and lysoPC-stimulated PLD activity. The activation of PLD by lysoPC was attenuated by the platelet activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonist WEB-2086, suggesting a role for PAF receptor activation in this process. Furthermore, acetylation of lysoPC substantially increased its potency in activating PLD, suggesting that a cellular metabolite of lysoPC such as 1-acyl 2-acetyl PC might be responsible for at least part of the effect of lysoPC on PLD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V5Z 4E3.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez-Muñoz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hundal
authors.forename: U P
authors.initials: UP
authors.lastname: Steinbrecher
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000818:Animals; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology; D008244:Lysophosphatidylcholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D051379:Mice; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000378:metabolism*; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D015290:Second Messenger Systems; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001381:Azepines; D004075:Diglycerides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008244:Lysophosphatidylcholines; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D014230:Triazoles; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; C052518:WEB 2086; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D019833:Genistein; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D010739:Phospholipase D; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate