title: Syntheses of biotinylated alpha-galactosylceramides and their effects on the immune system and CD1 molecules.
abstract: A representative alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer), KRN7000, has strong immunostimulatory and antitumor activity. Recent studies demonstrated that KRN7000-pulsed antigen-presenting cells (APC) can activate natural killer T (NKT) cells, a novel T-cell lineage, and CD1d molecules on APC play an important role in the activation of NKT cells. However, it remains unclear whether alpha-GalCers actually bind to CD1d molecules. To address this question, we synthesized three kinds of biotinylated alpha-GalCer and a biotinylated beta-GalCer and found that the biotinylated alpha-GalCers significantly stimulate the proliferation of murine spleen cells, but the biotinylated beta-GalCer does not and that all biotinylated compounds bind to CD1d molecules.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Kirin Brewery Company, Ltd., 3 Miyahara-cho, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-1295, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Naidenko
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kronenberg
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koezuka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D055610:Antigens, CD1d; D019921:Biotinylation; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D005699:Galactosylceramides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011485:Protein Binding; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance
chemical_list: D018949:Antigens, CD1; D055610:Antigens, CD1d; C526877:CD1D protein, human; D005699:Galactosylceramides