Polysomnography and depressive symptoms in primary alcoholics with and without a lifetime diagnosis of secondary depression and in patients with primary major depression.
BACKGROUND
There is evidence suggesting that there is: (1) additive polysomnographic effects of alcoholism and depression; and (2) elevated baseline REM density in primary alcoholics with (PASD) and without lifetime history of secondary depression (NPA).


METHODS
23 PASDs, 59 NPAs, and 23 primary major depression patients (PMD) underwent polysomnography. Any drinking within 3 months after a 1-month inpatient alcohol rehabilitation defined relapse.


RESULTS
PASDs' polysomnography was more like NPAs than PMDs. Polysomnography reflected 3-month sobriety status more than diagnosis.


CONCLUSIONS
Not all PASD's met full major depression criteria upon admission.


CONCLUSIONS
Alcoholism affected polysomnography more than depression. Elevated admission REM density predicted 3-month relapse in PASDs and NPAs.
Clark
C P
CP
Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. cclark@vapop.ucsd.edu
Gillin
J C
JC
Golshan
S
S
Demodena
A
A
Smith
T L
TL
Danowski
S
S
Irwin
M
M
Schuckit
M
M
D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D004576:Electromyography; D004585:Electrooculography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012008:Recurrence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology*