title: p16/MTS1/INK4A gene is frequently inactivated by hypermethylation in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with 11q23 translocation.
abstract: The p16 gene encoding a specific inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 has been reported to be inactivated at a variety of rates in malignant tumors. We studied frequency and mechanism of inactivation of the p16 gene in various types of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using 36 leukemic cell lines established from children (B precursor-ALL, 28; B-ALL/Burkitt's lymphoma, 3; and T-ALL, 5). On Southern blot, homozygous deletions or hemizygous deletions with rearrangement were detected in 14 cell lines. The expression of p16 protein was not observed on Western blot in 18 of 22 cell lines with intact p16 gene, but induced in 16 cell lines after treatment with the demethylating agent, indicating the silencing of the p16 gene by hypermethylation. Of note, the p16 gene was inactivated by hypermethylation of the 5' CpG island in nine of nine cell lines with 11q23 translocation, but was restored with the treatment of the demethylating agent. Partial methylation of the p16 gene was also demonstrated in three of eight primary leukemia samples with this translocation, suggesting that the p16 gene inactivation by hypermethylation might play a role in the leukemogenesis and disease progression of ALL with 11q23 translocation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yamanashi Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inukai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tezuka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kojika
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karakida
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kagami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: O-Koyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
mesh_terms: D015139:Blotting, Southern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16