title: Excrescent lesion: a diagnosis of lateral talar exostosis in chronically symptomatic sprained ankles.
abstract: The excrescent lesion is a symptomatic anterolateral exostosis at the insertion of the anterior talofibular ligament. It is found in patients with chronic ankle pain after inversion injuries. It is most reliably diagnosed by computed tomography scan, but physical examination and oblique radiographs are suggestive in most cases. A technique for surgical excision and, in some cases, repair of the anterior talofibular ligament is described. Five patients having a history of inversion sprains of the ankle, without significant symptomatic improvement for a mean of 21 months after the injury, were evaluated. None had significant instability in the ankle or subtalar joints, clinically or with stress radiographs. The diagnosis of excrescent lesion was confirmed with computed tomography scan in all five patients. Each underwent excision of the exostosis. Removal of the exostosis produced laxity of the anterior talofibular ligament in four of the patients and required an additional modified Broström procedure to tighten the anterior talofibular ligament. Clinical results were evaluated at a mean of 33 months postoperatively, using the Ankle-Hindfoot scale from the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society. The three patients without pending claims for Workers' Compensation or related litigation all had excellent results (mean score, 93 points). Two patients with active legal claims had fair and poor results (mean score, 53 points).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Monroe
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Gabel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manoli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005096:Exostoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D013180:Sprains and Strains / Q000150:complications*; D013628:Talus / Q000601:surgery; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed