Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry and chemokine receptors: a new therapeutic target.
After the identification of CD4 as the primary receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 entry into cells of the immune system, it soon became clear that CD4 alone was not sufficient to establish a productive infection. The search for the second receptors or co-receptors started over 10 years ago, and it was not until 1996 that G protein-coupled 7-transmembrane receptors, CXCR4 and CCR5 were finally identified as the co-receptors for HIV-1 entry. The 7-transmembrane receptor family is a familiar therapeutic target for a number of diseases, and therefore these recent findings represent an exciting opportunity for new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of HIV-1 infection.
Cammack
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Department of Virology, Roche Discovery Welwyn, Welwyn Garden City, UK.
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008561:Membrane Fusion / Q000502:physiology*; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins