title: Hard palate mucosal grafts in the treatment of the contracted socket.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The treatment of the traumatic contracted anophthalmic socket is challenging. The ability to wear an ocular prosthesis may require multiple operations to replace orbital volume, mucosa, or both. Hard palate mucosal grafts are a logical choice to augment mucosa and volume in the reconstruction of a contracted socket.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with severely contracted sockets underwent socket reconstruction using hard palate mucosal grafts. The mucosal surface lining the contracted sockets was undermined and recessed toward the lid margins. Hard palate mucosal grafts that were harvested freehand and by using a radiofrequency instrument were placed in the socket fundus and sutured to the recessed mucosal edges. Forniceal sutures were placed full thickness through the lids, and custom conformers were placed in the sockets. In six patients, fixation sutures were passed through the conformer, fornices, and full thickness through the lid. In four patients, temporary tarsorrhaphies were placed for a minimum of 4 weeks postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperatively, 8 of the 10 patients were able to wear an ocular prosthesis comfortably. Cosmesis was acceptable. Two patients had recurrent socket contracture and were unable to wear a prosthesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hard palate mucosal grafts are a useful option in the surgical rehabilitation of contracted sockets. A mucosal surface, resistance to contracture, ease of harvesting, and ability for additional harvesting are advantages over other graft materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Wilford Hall Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas 78236-5300, USA.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Holck
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Dutton
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Dillon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003286:Contracture / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000637:transplantation*; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D020273:Orbital Implants; D010159:Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D013536:Suture Techniques