title: [Small doses and synergistic interaction of environmental factors].
abstract: Methodology approach demonstrating a principle importance of mutual increase of damaging action of physical and chemical environmental factors at low doses and intensities was described. A generalize conceptual basis of synergism was suggested which was appropriate both for combined action of ionizing radiation with other agents and for combined action of any other harmful environmental factors. The main idea of the concept described here is in the formation of additional effective damages under combined action due to interaction of sublesions induced by every agent and which are not effective under separate action of each agent employed. Mathematical presentation of this concept allowed to make some new non-trivial conclusions. It was shown theoretically the existence of optimal ratio of damages induced by acting agents under which the highest synergism must be obtained. The effect of synergistic interaction has to be dependent on intensities of agents: the less intensity of one agent used, the small intensity of another factor must be applied for the greatest synergistic effect expression. The test of these consequences was performed for a number of experiments described in this paper. The results presented here have of principle importance for interpretation of the higher effectiveness of low dose and dose rate of ionizing radiation observed in some cases.
authors.affiliation: Medical Radiological Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Scienses, Obninsk.
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Petin
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Zhurakovskaia
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Pantiukhina
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Rassokhina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011853:Radiobiology