title: Percutaneous gastrostomy and gastrojejunostomy with gastropexy: experience in 701 procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and efficacy of fluoroscopically directed percutaneous gastrostomy and gastrojejunostomy catheter placement with gastropexy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts from 643 patients referred for fluoroscopically directed percutaneous gastrostomy or gastrojejunostomy during a 9 1/2-year period. In 615 patients, placement was attempted with use of three T-fastener gastropexy devices followed by percutaneous gastric puncture. Placement of a 14-F gastrostomy or gastrojejunostomy catheter was then accomplished with the Seldinger technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A catheter could not be placed in 28 patients (4.4%) owing to overlying viscera or prior gastric surgery. In the remaining patients, 701 procedures, including revisions, were performed, including 643 gastrojejunostomies (92%) and 58 gastrostomies (8.3%). The success rate for catheter placement was 100%. Revision was necessary in 83 instances in 64 patients (13.5%). Forty-six (55%) of these were attributed to tube dislodgment, but only two repeat gastric punctures were necessary secondary to tract disruption. There were three major complications (0.5%) and 29 minor complications (5.3%). No complications were attributed directly to gastropexy. Thirty-day follow-up data were available for 393 patients (64%), and 14-day follow-up data were available for 550 (89%). The 30-day mortality rate was 5.8% (23 of 393 patients); none of the deaths were related to the procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluoroscopically directed percutaneous placement of gastrostomy and gastrojejunostomy catheters with routine gastropexy is a safe procedure. Catheter revision was necessary in 13% of patients and was usually secondary to tube dislodgment, with tract disruption an unusual complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center/Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Ariz., USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Dewald
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Hiette
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Sewall
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Fredenberg
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Palestrant
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005763:Gastroenterostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods; D007583:Jejunum / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011677:Punctures; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery*