title: Vascular endothelial growth factor attenuates leukocyte-endothelium interaction during acute endothelial dysfunction: essential role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelium-specific secreted protein that induces vasodilation and increases endothelial release of nitric oxide (NO). NO is also reported to modulate leukocyte-endothelium interaction. Therefore, we hypothesized that VEGF might inhibit leukocyte-endothelium interaction via increased release of NO from the vascular endothelium. We used intravital microscopy of the rat mesenteric microcirculation to measure leukocyte-endothelium interactions 2, 4, and 24 h after systemic administration of VEGF to the rat (120 microg/kg, i.v., bolus). Superfusion of the rat mesentery with either 0.5 U/ml thrombin or 50 microM L-NAME consistently increased the number of rolling, adhering, and transmigrated leukocytes (P<0.01 vs. control mesenteries superfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer). At 4 and 24 h posttreatment, VEGF significantly attenuated thrombin-induced and L-NAME-induced leukocyte rolling, adherence, and transmigration in rat mesenteric venules. In addition, adherence of isolated rat PMNs to thrombin-stimulated mesenteric artery segments in vitro was significantly reduced in mesenteric arteries isolated from VEGF-treated rats (P<0.001 vs. control rats). Direct measurement of NO demonstrated a threefold increase in basal NO release from aortic tissue of rats injected with VEGF, at 4 and 24 h posttreatment (P<0. 01 vs. aortic tissue from control rats). Finally, systemic administration of VEGF to ecNOS-deficient mice failed to inhibit leukocyte-endothelium interactions observed in peri-intestinal venules. We concluded that VEGF is a potent inhibitor of leukocyte-endothelium interaction, and this effect is specifically correlated to augmentation of NO release from the vascular endothelium.--Scalia, R., Booth, G., Lefer, D. J. Vascular endothelial growth factor attenuates leukocyte-endothelium interaction during acute endothelial dysfunction: essential role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Jefferson Medical College Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA. Rosario.Scalia@mail.tju.edu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scalia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lefer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008643:Mesentery / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D014699:Venules / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; D013917:Thrombin; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester