title: The role of endoscopic findings for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection: evaluation in a country with high prevalence of atrophic gastritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examines endoscopic findings in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in the Japanese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The endoscopic findings (including gastric fold findings and degree of atrophy by the Kimura-Takemoto classification system), histologic severity of inflammation, and glandular atrophy were assessed according to the Sydney system in 642 patients (419 men; 223 women; mean age 43.5 years, range 13-86). H. pylori infection was evaluated by Giemsa staining and serum IgG antibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  391 of 642 patients (60.9%) were diagnosed as having endoscopic gastritis. Of the 391 patients with endoscopic gastritis, 318 (82.6%) had histologic gastritis and 310 (79.3%) had H. pylori infection. Of the 251 patients with endoscopically normal stomachs, 43 (17.1%) had histologic gastritis and 32 (12.7%) had H. pylori infection. Atrophic gastritis was the most prevalent finding (56.3%) among those with endoscopic gastritis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with atrophic gastritis (92.7%) and rugal hyperplastic gastritis (92.3%) was significantly higher than in those with other types of gastritis or with a normal stomach (12. 7%). A markedly high prevalence of H. pylori infection was found in subjects with tortuosity, hyperrugosity, and/or hyporugosity of the gastric folds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The accurate endoscopic assessment of gastritis according to the Sydney system along with gastric fold findings and the endoscopically identified extent of gastric atrophy are valuable indicators for determining H. pylori infection and histologic gastritis in the Japanese population.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mihara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haruma
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sumii
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kajiyama
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005757:Gastritis, Atrophic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution