title: Mice deficient in endothelial nitric oxide synthase exhibit a selective deficit in hippocampal long-term potentiation.
abstract: Long-term potentiation, a persistent increase in synaptic efficacy, may require a retrograde signal originating in the postsynaptic cell that induces an increase in presynaptic neurotransmitter release. We have constructed a mouse homozygous for a targeted null mutation in the endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase and report that long-term potentiation in the CA1 region of these mice is entirely absent under weak stimulation conditions. Application of a membrane-permeant guanosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate analogue during tetanus fails to compensate for this deficit, suggesting that nitric oxide produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase may affect long-term potentiation through a cascade that does not include guanylyl cyclase. We also report that strong tetanic stimulation can induce robust long-term potentiation in these mice which is not blocked by pharmacological inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase. Furthermore, mice lacking endothelial nitric oxide synthase show no shift in the frequency-response curve for the induction of long-term potentiation. Basal synaptic transmission, paired-pulse facilitation and the electrical properties of CA1 cells in these mice were similar to controls. These results support a selective role for endothelial nitric oxide synthase in long-term potentiation, but also demonstrate that nitric oxide synthase is not involved in this process under all conditions.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Neurophysiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gödecke
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schrader
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Haas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout / Q000235:genetics; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C016276:8-bromocyclic GMP; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; D006152:Cyclic GMP