title: Sociodemographic, clinical, and attitudinal characteristics of the untreated depressed in Ontario.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiologic surveys consistently document high rates of untreated depression, yet why this unmet need exists is only partially understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared untreated depressed, treated depressed and "healthy" subjects on sociodemographic characteristics, need for treatment, and help-seeking attitudes using household survey data from Ontario, Canada (n = 9953). DSM-III R Major Depression was assessed by structured interview (UM-CIDI), and treatment was defined as seeking formal mental health care. Need for treatment was assessed using a broad array of clinical, disability, and risk measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depressed (treated and untreated) and "healthy" respondents differed significantly on nearly all comparative measures. However, the two depressed groups showed few sociodemographic or "need for treatment" differences. Notably, there were no significant clinical differences although the untreated did report less physical comorbidity (33.9% vs 60.0% treated depressed). There were, however, several attitudinal differences. Compared to the treated depressed, untreated respondents were less likely to feel they had a mental health problem (51.6% vs. 78.8%), to say they would seek help for a serious problem (36.6% vs 64.7%) or to feel comfortable consulting a professional (19.0% vs. 43.2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because the data are cross-sectional, temporal relationships cannot be directly addressed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite appreciable morbidity, access to care by the untreated depressed may be hindered by their self-perceptions and greater discomfort with help-seeking. Lower physical comorbidity may also contribute through decreased health care contact and thus fewer opportunities for disclosing or detecting their illness.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Toronto, Canada. elin@hsru.clarke-inst.on.ca
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Parikh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009864:Ontario; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index