title: Expression of the T-cell markers CD3, CD4 and CD8 in healthy and atopic children during the first 18 months of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is little information available about the development of T-cell immunity in healthy and atopic children. We have studied prospectively the mean fluorescence intensity of the T-cell receptor complex-associated CD3, CD4 and CD8 in relation to atopic family history (AFH) and the development of atopic disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children with a defined AFH (n = 172) were followed from birth to 18 months and the cumulative history of atopic disease was recorded. Blood samples were obtained at birth and at 18 months, and in a subgroup of 78 children also at 3, 6 and 12 months. Multicolour flow cytometry was used to analyse pan T-cells (CD3+CD45+CD14-), T-helper-(CD3+CD4+) and T-cytotoxic-(CD3+CD8+) cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 18 months, 31 children were atopic and 118 non-atopic. Children who developed atopic disease had a higher CD4 expression (mean fluorescence intensity, MFI) on CD4+CD3+ lymphocytes at birth and at 3 months, particularly as compared with non-atopic children without AFH. Furthermore, the CD3 expression on CD3+CD45+CD14- lymphocytes increased more slowly with age in children with double atopic heredity, as compared with children with no or only one atopic family member.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The higher expression of the CD4 receptor in early infancy in children who developed atopic disease compared with non-atopics suggests a delayed expression in T-helper cells. Children with a strong AFH had a slower increase in the expression of CD3, indicating a delayed T-cell maturation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Environment, Division of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aniansson Zdolsek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ernerudh
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Björkstén
mesh_terms: D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000032:analysis*; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000276:immunology*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012882:Skin Tests; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens