title: Four ways people approach ethics. A practical guide to reaching consensus on moral problems.
abstract: Most people use four different approaches when making ethical decisions. Some people use one approach predominantly; others vary their approaches according to circumstances. In either case, the approaches are usually chosen unconsciously. The main source of conflict in decision making is the fact that two parties have chosen different approaches. The four approaches are: The principle approach, in which decisions are made according to a principle such as the Ten Commandments or the Golden Rule The consequence approach, in which decisions are made according to their likely outcomes The virtue/character approach, in which decisions are made according to the decision makers's view of his or her responsibilities The moral sentiment approach, in which decisions are made according to the decision maker's feelings Conflicts in decision making become easier to resolve once the decision makers, first, recognize that they are using different approaches, and, second, agree to "change gears" and use the same approach.
authors.affiliation: Mercy Health Services, Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: O'Toole
mesh_terms: D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D028663:Ethical Theory; D004991:Ethics, Institutional; D016519:Hospitals, Religious / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D017146:Models, Organizational; D009014:Morals; D016134:Organizational Policy; D028662:Principle-Based Ethics; D012945:Social Values; D014481:United States; D028722:Virtues