title: Neuronal expression of NOS-1 is required for host recovery from viral encephalitis.
abstract: The role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in host defense and clearance of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) from the central nervous system (CNS) was examined. NOS-1, NOS-2, and NOS-3 knockout mice were infected with VSV and were treated with either IL-12 or medium. IL-12 treatment resulted in substantially decreased VSV titers in wildtype and NOS-3 knockout mice, but had a marginal effect in the NOS-1 and NOS-2 knockout mice. NOS-1 expression in neurons was associated with survival from VSV infection. The data indicate that the enzyme activity is local, since NOS-2 expression in microglia and inflammatory macrophages and NOS-3 expression in astrocytes, endothelial cells, and ependymal cells did not compensate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Center for Neural Science, Kaplan Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, mail code 5181, New York, New York, 10003-6688, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Ireland
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Reiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009017:Morbidity; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000276:immunology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496321:Nos1 protein, mouse; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse