title: Effect of intramammary infusion of beta-1,3-glucan or interleukin-2 on leukocyte subpopulations in mammary glands of sheep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate effects of intramammary infusion of beta-1,3-glucan or recombinant ovine interleukin-2 (rOvIL-2) on blood and mammary leukocyte subpopulations and their expression of various surface antigens in sheep.
  
  
  METHODS
  12 healthy multiparous, nonpregnant, nonlactating fine-wool Merino ewes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Beta-1,3-glucan in pyrogen-free saline solution (PFSS; n = 6), rOvIL-2 in PFSS (3), or PFSS (3) was infused on days 0 and 7 in 1 udder half of each ewe. Jugular vein blood and mammary secretion samples were taken before infusion and on days 2, 7, and 21 after infusion. Total and differential leukocyte counts were obtained, and blood and mammary cells were labeled for flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Slight swelling of the mammary glands was observed on day 2 after rOvIL-2 but not after beta-1,3-glucan infusion. Both substances induced significant increase in mammary secretion leukocyte numbers, compared with controls. Beta-1,3-Glucan induced an influx of monocyte/macrophages, whereas neutrophils were the predominating cell population after rOvIL-2 infusion. Beta-1,3-glucan induced selection for CD4+, B-cell+, WC1+, and L-selectin+ lymphocytes on day 14 after infusion. By comparison, rOvIL-2 induced selection for B-cell+ and L-selectin+ lymphocytes on days 14 and 21 and depletion of CD8 and, to some degree, of IL-2R+ lymphocytes. Beta-1,3-Glucan induced an increase in the proportion of CD14+ leukocytes, indicating selective migration of monocyte/ macrophages to the nonlactating udder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Beta-1,3-Glucan and rOvIL-2 can modulate nonspecific immunity in the udder of sheep but may exert their effects by differing mechanisms. Clinical Relevance-Stimulation of the nonspecific defense against udder infections may improve control of mastitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre for Reproductive Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Waller
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Colditz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005936:Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D012756:Sheep; D047071:beta-Glucans
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D047071:beta-Glucans; C033363:beta-1,3-glucan