title: Augmentation of human influenza A virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte memory by influenza vaccine and adjuvanted carriers (ISCOMS).
abstract: There is a need to improve the ability of subunit vaccines to induce CD8(+) CTL responses in humans, especially for vaccines used to prevent illness by organisms that undergo antigenic variation at their major neutralizing antibody sites, e.g., influenza A viruses and human immunodeficiency virus. Murine models have demonstrated the protective role of cross-reactive CTL against influenza A virus antigenic drift. We tested the ability of an adjuvanted carrier (Iscomatrix) to help human antigen-presenting cells present formalin-killed influenza vaccine to human CD8(+) CTL clones in vitro and in vaccinated humans. The results of a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical study demonstrate that a single dose of a vaccine formulated into Iscom particles increased influenza A virus-specific CTL memory in 50-60% of recipients, compared to 5% of the recipients of the standard influenza vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01655, USA. Francis.Ennis@umassmed.edu
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Ennis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jameson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Burt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thipphawong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D016882:ISCOMs / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D016882:ISCOMs; D007252:Influenza Vaccines