title: Erythropoietin- and stem cell factor-induced DNA synthesis in normal human erythroid progenitor cells requires activation of protein kinase Calpha and is strongly inhibited by thrombin.
abstract: Proliferation, differentiation, and survival of erythroid progenitor cells are mainly regulated by stem cell factor (SCF) and erythropoietin (Epo). Using normal human progenitors, we analyzed the role of Ca2+-sensitive protein kinase C (PKC) subtypes and of G-protein-coupled receptor ligands on growth factor-dependent DNA synthesis. We show that stimulation of DNA synthesis by the two growth factors requires activation of PKCalpha. Inhibitors of Ca2+-activated PKC subtypes blocked the growth factor-induced 3H-thymidine incorporation. SCF and Epo caused no significant translocation of PKCalpha into the membrane, but treatment of intact cells with either of the two cytokines resulted in enhanced activity of immunoprecipitated cytosolic PKCalpha. Stimulation of PKC with the phorbol ester PMA mimicked the cytokine effect on DNA synthesis. Epo-, SCF-, and PMA-induced thymidine incorporation was potently inhibited by thrombin (half-maximal inhibition with 0.1 U/mL). This effect was mediated via the G-protein-coupled thrombin receptor and the Rho guanosine triphosphatase. Adenosine diphosphate caused a modest Ca2+-dependent stimulation of DNA synthesis in the absence of cytokines and specifically enhanced the effect of SCF. Cyclic 3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate exerted a selective inhibitory effect on Epo-stimulated thymidine incorporation. Our results define PKCalpha as major intermediate effector of cytokine signaling and suggest a role for thrombin in controlling erythroid progenitor proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haslauer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baltensperger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Porzig
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004900:Erythroblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000502:physiology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology*; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019089:Stem Cell Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D007527:Isoenzymes; D019089:Stem Cell Factor; D004921:Erythropoietin; C496628:PRKCA protein, human; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D013917:Thrombin