title: Appropriately trained nurses are competent at inserting intrauterine devices: an audit of clinical practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Very few nurses in the UK insert intrauterine devices (IUDs). Within King's Healthcare, nurses with the advanced family planning qualification (ENB AO8), who have also undertaken further training in IUD insertion, have done so for many years. This is a controversial issue and our aim was to evaluate whether women who had IUDs inserted by specialist nurses had significantly more problems compared with those inserted by doctors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, ongoing, cohort study of all IUD insertions in hospital-based family planning clinics over a 3-month period. A medical, gynecological, obstetric and contraceptive history was taken, paying particular regard to the reason for requesting an IUD. Clinical assessment, bimanual examination findings and any difficulties with insertion were noted at the time. Any postinsertion problems were noted at the follow-up visit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty IUDs were inserted, 28 by doctors and 22 by nurses. Sixteen were for postcoital contraception and five were routine reinsertions alter removal of an existing IUD. Eleven nulliparous women had insertions (six by doctors and five by nurses). The specialist nurses did not have to consult the doctor with any problems or difficulties with insertion. Twenty-nine clients attended for their follow-up appointment at 6 weeks. Three IUDs required early removal due to unacceptable bleeding and pain--all three had been inserted by doctors. Two postcoital IUDs were removed following menstruation. Of the remaining patients, eight were noted to have minor problems (divided equally between doctor and nurse insertions).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides favorable evidence that adequately trained nurses are proficient and safe at IUD insertions, regardless of the woman's parity. IUDs inserted by nurses are also likely to have additional benefits of cost-effectiveness and increased client and nurse satisfaction. Follow-up is ongoing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Planning, King's Healthcare NHS Trust, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004522:Educational Status; D005193:Family Planning Services / Q000193:education; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008131:London; D009720:Nurse Clinicians; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D011446:Prospective Studies