title: Noradrenaline and nitrite-nitrate concentrations in the contralateral testes during ipsilateral spermatic cord torsion in the presence or absence of a testis and epididymis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the changes occurring during ipsilateral spermatic cord torsion either in the presence or absence of the ipsilateral testis and epididymis, by evaluating noradrenaline and nitrite-nitrate concentrations in the contralateral testes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty male albino rats were allocated randomly to one of four equal groups undergoing: group 1, a sham operation; group 2, ipsilateral spermatic cord torsion; group 3, epididymo-orchidectomy only; and group 4, spermatic cord torsion after epididymo-orchidectomy. The contralateral testes were harvested after 24 h and the noradrenaline and nitrite-nitrate contents determined. The levels in each group were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The noradrenaline content of testes from group 2 was significantly lower than in those of groups 1 and 3, but there were no significant differences in content between groups 1 and 3, 1 and 4, and 2 and 4. The content in group 4 was significantly less than that in group 3. There were no significant differences in nitrite-nitrate contents among any of the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spermatic cord torsion for 24 h, either in the presence or absence of a testis and epididymis, significantly decreased the noradrenaline content in the contralateral testis. This finding supports the suggestion that the sympathetic system is activated by exposure to noradrenaline in the contralateral testis during ipsilateral spermatic cord torsion, with no dependency on the presence of a testis and epididymis. As the nitrite-nitrate concentrations were unaffected, nitric oxide seems to have no role in contralateral testicular deterioration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Turkey.
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Tanyel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Banoglu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Isimer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Büyükpamukçu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000378:metabolism*; D004822:Epididymis / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000378:metabolism*; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D009638:Norepinephrine