title: Etoposide-induced activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) correlates with drug-induced apoptosis in salivary gland acinar cells.
abstract: We have examined the ability of etoposide to induce apoptosis in two recently established rat salivary acinar cell lines. Etoposide induced apoptosis in the parotid C5 cell line as evidenced by the appearance of cytoplasmic blebbing and nuclear condensation, DNA fragmentation and cleavage of PARP. Etoposide also induced activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in parotid C5 cells by 4 h after treatment, with maximal activation at 8 - 10 h. Coincident with activation of JNK, the amount of activated ERK1 and ERK2 decreased in etoposide-treated parotid C5 cells. In contrast to the parotid C5 cells, the vast majority of submandibular C6 cells appeared to be resistant to etoposide-induced apoptosis. Likewise, activation of JNKs was not observed in etoposide-treated submandibular C6 cells, and the amount of activated ERK1 and ERK2 decreased only slightly. Etoposide treatment of either cell line had no effect upon the activation of p38. Treatment of the parotid C5 cells with Z-VAD-FMK, a caspase inhibitor, inhibited etoposide-induced activation of JNK and DNA fragmentation. These data suggest that etoposide may induce apoptosis in parotid C5 cells by activating JNKs and suppressing the activation of ERKs, thus creating an imbalance in these two signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA. steve.anderson@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Reyland
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Deisher
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Barzen
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Quissell
mesh_terms: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000166:cytology; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000166:cytology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C096713:benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone; D005047:Etoposide; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; C088589:HOG1 protein, S cerevisiae; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases