Predictors of clinical events or restenosis during follow-up after percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to define predictors of events or restenosis during follow-up after percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy.


RESULTS
Percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy was attempted in 137 patients with severe mitral valve stenosis. In 127 patients follow-up was complete with a mean of 4.2 +/- 2.6 years. Events during follow-up were defined as death, mitral valve surgery or repeat percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy. Restenosis was defined as a decrease in mitral valve area from > or = 1.5 cm2 following percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy to < 1.5 cm2. There was 80 +/- 4% event-free survival 4 years after percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy. Multivariate analysis showed chronic atrial fibrillation at baseline (P = 0.039, relative risk (RR) = 2.5) and a high residual maximal gradient after percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy (P = 0.004, RR = 2.0 per 5 mmHg) to be independent predictors of an event during follow-up. The restenosis rate was 28.3% after 4 years. Chronic atrial fibrillation at baseline (P = 0.0338, RR = 2.2), a small mitral valve area after percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy (P = 0.0003, RR = 0.8/0.1 cm2) and a high residual maximal transmitral gradient (P = 0.0252, RR = 1.6/5 mmHg) were all independent predictors of restenosis.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and a high maximal transmitral gradient after percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy have a higher risk for events during follow-up. Restenosis is related to the presence of chronic atrial fibrillation at baseline and a suboptimal percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy result.
Langerveld
J
J
Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
Thijs Plokker
H W
HW
Ernst
S M
SM
Kelder
J C
JC
Jaarsma
W
W
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002404:Catheterization; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy