title: Possible synergy of radiotherapy and chemo-immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bone metastases or local recurrences are widely viewed as poor prognostic signs for successful immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and even partial remission is a rarity. We assessed the efficacy of the combination of radio and chemo-immunotherapy for bone metastases or local recurrences form RCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  From February 1994 until September 1997 twelve patients with progressive renal cell carcinoma (9 with bone metastases and 3 with local recurrence) were treated with a combination of chemo-immunotherapy and radio therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four out of twelve patients achieved complete remission (CR), one patient had a partial remission (PR), three were stable and four had disease progression under radio therapy and chemo-immunotherapy. Yet three pts. died of the disease. The toxicity symptoms according to WHO ranged between grade 2 and grade 3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that the combination of radio therapy and chemo-immunotherapy may induce a synergistic antitumor effect for the treatment of bone metastases or local recurrences from renal cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Brinkmann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bruns
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Prott
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hertle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D007376:Interleukin-2; D005472:Fluorouracil