title: Function and dysfunction of supranuclear and internuclear eye movement pathways.
abstract: Recent investigations in ocular motility have shed light on the anatomical and physiological mechanisms that govern smooth pursuit, saccades, and the vestibulo-ocular reflex in normal humans and patients with neurological disorders. Functional neuroimaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation have been used in normal human subjects to draw parallels with basic investigations in animals. Quantitative studies of eye movement disorders in patients with focal brain dysfunction have added to our understanding of human pathophysiology. Finally, some of the most practical of recent work has been aimed at developing therapies to alleviate the functional limitations caused by abnormal eye movements.
authors.affiliation: Neuro-ophthalmology Unit, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Morrow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*