title: Recurrent cystitis in nonpregnant women.
abstract: Consistent evidence from RCTs shows that antibiotic prophylaxis (either continuous or postcoital), using trimethoprim TMP-SMZ, nitrofurantoin, or a quinolone, reduces infection rates in women with high rates of recurrent cystitis (at least two per year). Limited evidence suggests that intermittent patient-administered treatment (taken at the onset of symptoms) is an effective alternative management strategy to continuous antibiotic prophylaxis in women with high rates of infection (at least two per year). Limited evidence suggests that long-term prophylaxis is likely to benefit women with a baseline rate of more than two infections per year over many years. However, long-term treatment has not yet been evaluated in RCTs. In women who experience recurrent, uncomplicated cystitis, there is no evidence to support routine investigation of the urinary tract with excretory urography, ultrasonography, cystoscopy, or voiding cystourethrography. No specific subgroups of women who would clearly benefit from investigation have yet been adequately defined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle 98104, USA.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Fihn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D003075:Coitus; D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D003556:Cystitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary