title: NO synthase in cholinergic nerves and NO-induced relaxation in the rat isolated corpus cavernosum.
abstract: 1. In the rat corpus cavernosum (CC), the distribution of immunoreactivity for neuronal and endothelial NO synthase (nNOS and eNOS), and the pattern of NOS-immunoreactive (-IR) nerves in relation to some other nerve populations, were investigated. Cholinergic nerves were specifically immunolabelled with antibodies to the vesicular acetylcholine transporter protein (VAChT). 2. In the smooth muscle septa surrounding the cavernous spaces, and around the central and helicine arteries, the numbers of PGP- and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-IR terminals were large, whereas neuropeptide Y (NPY)-, VAChT-, nNOS-, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-IR terminals were found in few to moderate numbers. 3. Double immunolabelling revealed that VAChT- and nNOS-IR terminals, VAChT- and VIP-IR terminals, nNOS-IR and VIP-IR terminals, and TH- and NPY-IR terminals showed coinciding profiles, and co-existence was verified by confocal laser scanning microscopy. TH immunoreactivity was not found in VAChT-, nNOS-, or VIP-IR nerve fibres or terminals. 4. An isolated strip preparation of the rat CC was developed, and characterized. In this preparation, cumulative addition of NO to noradrenaline (NA)-contracted strips, produced concentration-dependent, rapid, and almost complete relaxations. Electrical field stimulation of endothelin-1-contracted preparations produced frequency-dependent responses: a contractile twitch followed by a fast relaxant response. After cessation of stimulation, there was a slow relaxant phase. Inhibition of NO synthesis, or blockade of guanylate cyclase, abolished the first relaxant phase, whereas the second relaxation was unaffected. 5. The results suggest that in the rat CC, nNOS, VAChT- and VIP-immunoreactivities can be found in the same parasympathetic cholinergic neurons. Inhibitory neurotransmission involves activation of the NO-system, and the release of other, as yet unknown, transmitters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hedlund
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alm
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Andersson
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009411:Nerve Endings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D010413:Penis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000294:innervation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013562:Sympathectomy; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D050494:Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C493461:Slc18a3 protein, rat; D050494:Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496322:Nos1 protein, rat; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase