title: A mosaic analysis in Drosophila fat body cells of the control of antimicrobial peptide genes by the Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF.
abstract: Expression of the gene encoding the antifungal peptide Drosomycin in Drosophila adults is controlled by the Toll signaling pathway. The Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF (Dorsal-related immunity factor) are possible candidates for the transactivating protein in the Toll pathway that directly regulates the drosomycin gene. We have examined the requirement of Dorsal and DIF for drosomycin expression in larval fat body cells, the predominant immune-responsive tissue, using the yeast site-specific flp/FRT recombination system to generate cell clones homozygous for a deficiency uncovering both the dorsal and the dif genes. Here we show that in the absence of both genes, the immune-inducibility of drosomycin is lost but can be rescued by overexpression of either dorsal or dif under the control of a heat-shock promoter. This result suggests a functional redundancy between both Rel proteins in the control of drosomycin gene expression in the larvae of Drosophila. Interestingly, the gene encoding the antibacterial peptide Diptericin remains fully inducible in the absence of the dorsal and dif genes. Finally, we have used fat body cell clones homozygous for various mutations to show that a linear activation cascade Spaetzle--> Toll-->Cactus-->Dorsal/DIF leads to the induction of the drosomycin gene in larval fat body cells.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR 9022 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 15, Rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Manfruelli
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Reichhart
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steward
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lemaitre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D005216:Fat Body / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017344:Genes, Insect; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D007814:Larva / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009030:Mosaicism; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C084428:Dif protein, Drosophila; C054756:DptA protein, Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C068721:Tl protein, Drosophila; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014157:Transcription Factors; C062236:dl protein, Drosophila; C086179:spz protein, Drosophila; C077938:cact protein, Drosophila; C091227:DRS protein, Drosophila