title: Assisted reproduction for infertile patients with 9 + 0 immotile spermatozoa associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
abstract: We investigated the clinical feature of patients with totally immotile spermatozoa due to 9 + 0 ultrastructural flagellar defects and polycystic kidney disease. We also tried to establish the feasibility of applying modern assisted reproduction technology (ART) in these patients. During 6-year interval a total of 1956 Japanese men were referred to the male infertility clinic. Of them, 16 were diagnosed to have immotile spermatozoa and four of them exhibited axonemal 9 + 0 defects in the sperm flagella. These four also had autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Intrauterine insemination (IUI) and conventional in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer failed to achieve fertilization. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with 100% immotile spermatozoa was performed in all four cases. Two-pronuclear fertilization was obtained in 27 of the 70 (38.6%) of the successfully injected oocytes, but no pregnancy resulted. In one case, a few motile spermatozoa were present at the second cycle of ICSI, a pregnancy was successfully achieved using these spermatozoa. While immotile spermatozoa from patients with the axonemal 9 + 0 defect achieved fertilization by ICSI, the embryos failed to develop. Our results indicate that the central microtubules may play a role in fetal development. Since the 4 patients with 9 + 0 defects also had ADPKD, the genetic linkage between these two conditions should be studied by molecular biological methods so as to aid our ability to counsel such patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tatsumi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gohji
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isojima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamidono
mesh_terms: D003593:Cytoplasm; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial; D008297:Male; D008846:Micromanipulation; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012099:Reproductive Techniques; D019233:Retreatment; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000502:physiology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D017211:Treatment Failure