title: Resveratrol increases nitric oxide synthase, induces accumulation of p53 and p21(WAF1/CIP1), and suppresses cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cell proliferation by perturbing progression through S and G2.
abstract: Epidemiological studies have shown that the regular consumption of red wine may in part account for the apparent compatibility of a high fat diet with a low incidence of coronary atherosclerosis. This phenomenon, commonly referred to as the French paradox, may be associated with red wine constituents that exhibit tumor-preventive properties as well as inhibit reactions that increase the risk of coronary heart disease. Here we show that resveratrol, a polyphenol in red wine, induces nitric oxide synthase, the enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of NO, in cultured pulmonary artery endothelial cells, suggesting that resveratrol could afford cardioprotection by affecting the expression of nitric oxide synthase. We also show that resveratrol inhibits the proliferation of pulmonary artery endothelial cells, which, based on flow cytometric analysis, correlates with the suppression of cell progression through S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemical protein detection combined with multiparameter flow cytometry further demonstrate that the perturbed progression through S and G2 phases is accompanied by an increase in the expression of tumor suppressor gene protein p53 and elevation of the level of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1). All of the observed effects of resveratrol, including induction of apoptosis at its higher concentration, are also compatible with its putative chemopreventive and/or antitumor activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla 10595, USA.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Juan
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Darzynkiewicz
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D000077185:Resveratrol; D016196:S Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D013267:Stilbenes; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D000077185:Resveratrol