title: Use of a drug-resistant mutant of stress-activated protein kinase 2a/p38 to validate the in vivo specificity of SB 203580.
abstract: Stress-activated protein kinase 2a, also called p38, is inhibited by SB 203580 and this drug has been used widely to implicate this enzyme in the regulation of many physiological processes. Here, we introduce a novel method of general application, which can be used to establish whether the effects of SB 203580 are mediated via inhibition of stress-activated protein kinase 2a/p38 or whether they result from 'non-specific' effects. Four events thought to occur upon activation of stress-activated protein kinase 2a/p38 have been established unequivocally. These are the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2 and mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase-1 and the phosphorylation of their presumed substrates, heat shock protein 27 and the transcription factor cyclic AMP response element binding protein, respectively. In contrast, the SB 203580-induced activation of c-Raf is independent of stress-activated protein kinase 2a/p38 inhibition.
authors.affiliation: MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, University of Dundee, UK.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Eyers
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van den IJssel
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Quinlan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goedert
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000841:Anisomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002460:Cell Line; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D016296:Mutagenesis; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D000841:Anisomycin; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580