title: The predictive value of plantar flexion of the toes in the assessment of neuropathic voiding disorders in patients with spine lesions at the thoracolumbar level.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To correlate the presence of voluntary contraction of the plantar flexors of the toes with neuropathic voiding disorders in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) after thoracolumbar fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-three SCI patients with thoracolumbar fractures were prospectively examined neurologically (American Spinal Cord Injury Association protocol) and urodynamically during their first hospitalization. To assess neurologic recovery, patients were reassessed after at least 1 year. Bladder function was also reevaluated and correlated to neurologic evaluation performed on the same day.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary care center, university facility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant correlation between score of the plantar flexors of the toes and the presence or absence of voluntary contraction of the external anal/urethral sphincter (p < .001). However, this was of no predictive value concerning neuropathic bladder type (p > .05). Seven patients recovered from their neuropathic voiding disorders. There was a significant correlation between the reappearance of a voluntary external anal/urethral sphincter contraction and bladder recovery (p < .01), but there was no significant correlation between the score obtained for the plantar flexors of the toes and the presence or absence of the bulbocavenosus reflex (p > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that in SCI patients with thoracolumbar fractures, the presence of a voluntary contraction of the plantar flexors of the toes correlates with active contraction of the external anal/urethral sphincter but does not enable differentiation of the types of neuropathic voiding disorders. Urodynamic examination remains mandatory for assessment of the functional aspect of the neuropathic voiding disorders.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Paraplegic Centre, University Hospital Balgrist, Zurich.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schurch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000293:injuries; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000150:complications; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000293:injuries; D014034:Toes / Q000502:physiology*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology