title: Characterization of a low-sulfated chondroitin sulfate from the body of Viviparus ater (mollusca gastropoda). Modification of its structure by lead pollution.
abstract: A chondroitin sulfate was purified from the body of Viviparus ater(Mollusca gastropoda) and analyzed for molecular mass, constituent disaccharides, and structure by 1H NMR and 1H 2D NMR. A quite unique glycosaminoglycan species was isolated having a high molecular mass (greater than 45,000) and low charge density, about 0.60, due to the presence of 42% non-sulfated disaccharide, 5% 6-sulfated disaccharide, 48% 4-sulfated disaccharide, and 5% 4,6-disulfated disaccharide. Specimens of Mollusca were also submitted to lead exposure for different times, and the effect on chondroitin sulfate structure was studied. After 96 h treatment a strong decrease in chondroitin sulfate content was observed with a significant modification of its structure producing a more desulfated polymer, in particular in position 4 of the galactosamine unit. Simultaneously, the amount of unsaturated non-sulfated disaccharide increased with an overall decrease of the charge density.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biologia Animale, University of Modena, Italy. Volpi@unimo.it
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Volpi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mucci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008970:Molecular Weight; D008974:Mollusca / Q000737:chemistry*; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D007854:Lead; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates