Tumour necrosis factor-alpha polymorphism and secretion in myasthenia gravis.
The mechanism behind the association between MHC genes and myasthenia gravis (MG) is not fully understood. In the present study we studied the associations with polymorphisms at HLA-DR3, HLA-B8 and TNF-alpha genes in Swedish patients and healthy individuals. The TNF-alpha-308 allele 2 was associated with female patients having disease onset before the age 40 and with thymic hyperplasia. Analysis of strongest associations between MG and alleles close to TNF-alpha indicated that the association of TNF-alpha was possibly stronger than for HLA-DR3 and nearly the same as for HLA-B8. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients positive for TNF-alpha -308 allele 2 had higher secretion of TNF-alpha when stimulated by anti-CD3 antibodies. Our results indicate that a subgroup of MG patients who have been previously shown to be associated with MHC genes may have a higher inducible TNF-alpha level in vivo, thus resulting the pathological changes in the thymus and the early onset of MG.
Huang
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DR
Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Pirskanen
R
R
Matell
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G
Lefvert
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AK
D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D015795:HLA-B8 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015803:HLA-DR3 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000276:immunology; D013548:Sweden; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D017252:CD3 Complex; D015795:HLA-B8 Antigen; D015803:HLA-DR3 Antigen; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha