title: Early results of radical prostatectomy and adjuvant endocrine therapy for prostate cancer with or without preoperative androgen deprivation. The Prostate Cancer Study Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effects of preoperative androgen deprivation were explored in the patients who received radical prostatectomy and subsequent adjuvant endocrine therapy for prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stage A2, B or C prostate cancers were randomized to one of two groups: (i) group I (n=90), who received androgen deprivation (leuploride and chlormadinone acetate) for 3 months preoperatively followed by radical prostatectomy and adjuvant endocrine therapy (leuploride only); and (ii) group II (n=86), who underwent the surgery followed by 3 month androgen deprivation and subsequent adjuvant endocrine therapy. The effects of preoperative androgen deprivation on clinical relapse (serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) > 1.98 ng/mL, local recurrence or distant metastasis) and PSA relapse (PSA >0.2ng/mL) were evaluated at 2 years after randomization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in clinical or PSA relapse-free survival and quality of life measures between the two groups, although relapses occurred significantly more frequently in patients who had more advanced stages, higher pretreatment PSA values or lower histologic differentiation in either group. Subgroup analysis indicated that clinical relapse-free survival in stage C cancer tended to be better in patients with preoperative androgen deprivation than in those patients without it (P< 0.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative androgen deprivation may be beneficial for stage C prostate cancer patients receiving radical prostatectomy and adjuvant endocrine therapy over the 2 year observation period. A longer follow up is needed to clarify the exact extent of benefit in terms of survival and quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Tokyo, Japan. homma-uro@h.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akaza
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirao
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsushima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aso
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000728:Androgens / Q000097:blood*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002715:Chlormadinone Acetate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011300:Preoperative Care; D045167:Progesterone Congeners / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D045167:Progesterone Congeners; D002715:Chlormadinone Acetate; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D016729:Leuprolide