title: H+-proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatase: a tightly membrane-bound family.
abstract: The earliest known H+-proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatase, the integrally membrane-bound H+-proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphate synthase from Rhodospirillum rubrum, is still the only alternative to H+-ATP synthase in biological electron transport phosphorylation. Cloning of several higher plant vacuolar H+-proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatase genes has led to the recognition that the corresponding proteins form a family of extremely similar proton-pumping enzymes. The bacterial H+-proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphate synthase and two algal vacuolar H+-proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatases are homologous with this family, as deduced from their cloned genes. The prokaryotic and algal homologues differ more than the H+-proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatases from higher plants, facilitating recognition of functionally significant entities. Primary structures of H+-proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatases are reviewed and compared with H+-ATPases and soluble proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Stockholm University, Sweden. meg@biokemi.su.se
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baltscheffsky
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baltscheffsky
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012247:Rhodospirillum rubrum / Q000201:enzymology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D011755:Pyrophosphatases; D043564:Inorganic Pyrophosphatase