title: Extracellular matrix proteins protect small cell lung cancer cells against apoptosis: a mechanism for small cell lung cancer growth and drug resistance in vivo.
abstract: Resistance to chemotherapy is a principal problem in the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We show here that SCLC is surrounded by an extensive stroma of extracellular matrix (ECM) at both primary and metastatic sites. Adhesion of SCLC cells to ECM enhances tumorigenicity and confers resistance to chemotherapeutic agents as a result of beta1 integrin-stimulated tyrosine kinase activation suppressing chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. SCLC may create a specialized microenvironment, and the survival of cells bound to ECM could explain the partial responses and local recurrence of SCLC often seen clinically after chemotherapy. Strategies based on blocking beta1 integrin-mediated survival signals may represent a new therapeutic approach to improve the response to chemotherapy in SCLC.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine Unit, Rayne Laboratory, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Scotland, UK. t.sethi@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Rintoul
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: MacKinnon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Chilvers
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dransfield
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Strieter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haslett
mesh_terms: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D053148:Caspase 3; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism; D019004:Galanin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D019063:Tenascin / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D020032:Tyrphostins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005353:Fibronectins; D019012:Integrin beta1; D007797:Laminin; D019063:Tenascin; D020032:Tyrphostins; C096713:benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone; C079836:tyrphostin 25; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D019004:Galanin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D003094:Collagen; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases; D001920:Bradykinin