title: [Ca2+]i determines the effects of protein kinases A and C on activity of rat renal Na+,K+-ATPase.
abstract: 1. It is well established that the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) is regulated by protein kinases A (PKA) and C (PKC), but results on their effects have been conflicting. The aim of this study was to examine if this is ascribed to the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). 2. Rat renal NKA was stably expressed in COS cells (green monkey kidney cells). Increases in [Ca2+]i were achieved with the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 and verified by direct measurements of [Ca2+]i using fura-2 AM as an indicator. The activity of NKA was measured as ouabain-sensitive 86Rb+ uptake and the state of phosphorylation of NKA was monitored with two site-directed phosphorylation state-specific antibodies. 3. Activation of PKA with forskolin decreased NKA activity by 45.5 +/- 8.9 % at low [Ca2+]i (120 nM) and increased it by 40.5 +/- 6.4 % at high [Ca2+]i (420 nM). The change in NKA activity by forskolin correlated with the level of increase in [Ca2+]i. 4. The effect of 1-oleoyl-2-acetoyl-sn-glycerol (OAG), a specific PKC activator, on the activity of NKA was also Ca2+ dependent, being inhibitory when [Ca2+]i was low (29.3 +/- 3.6 % decrease at 120 nM Ca2+) and stimulatory when [Ca2+]i was high (36.6 +/- 10.1 % increase at 420 nM Ca2+). 5. The alpha subunit of NKA was phosphorylated under both low and high [Ca2+]i conditions upon PKA or PKC activation. PKA phosphorylates Ser943. PKC phosphorylates Ser23. 6. To see if the observed effects on NKA activity are secondary to changes in Na+ entry, we measured NKA hydrolytic activity using permeabilized membranes isolated from cells under controlled Na+ conditions. A decreased activity at low [Ca2+]i and no change in activity at high [Ca2+]i were observed following forskolin or OAG treatment. 7. Purified NKA from rat renal cortex was phosphorylated and inhibited by PKC. This phosphorylation-associated inhibition of NKA was neither affected by Ca2+ nor by calmodulin, tested alone or together. 8. We conclude that effect of PKA/PKC on NKA activity is dependent on [Ca2+]i. This Ca2+ dependence may provide an explanation for the diversity of responses of NKA to activation of either PKA or PKC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Woman and Child Health, Pediatric Unit, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: S X
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aizman
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Nairn
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Greengard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aperia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019556:COS Cells; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D016257:Fura-2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes; C049925:fura-2-am; D005576:Colforsin; D000001:Calcimycin; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D002118:Calcium; D016257:Fura-2