title: A cognitive distortion associated with eating disorders: thought-shape fusion.
abstract: The primary objective of this study was to describe and investigate a cognitive distortion associated with eating psychopathology. This distortion, termed 'thought-shape fusion', is said to occur when merely thinking about eating a forbidden food increases the person's estimate of their shape or weight, elicits a perception of moral wrongdoing and makes the person feel fat.
  
  
  
  Two studies were conducted. The first was a psychometric study and the second utilized a within-participants experimental design.
  
  
  
  In Study 1, thought-shape fusion was assessed in a sample of 119 undergraduate students using a questionnaire. In Study 2, 30 students with high thought-shape fusion scores participated in an experiment designed to elicit the distortion.
  
  
  
  Thought-shape fusion was found to be significantly associated with measures of eating disorder psychopathology. The questionnaire used to measure thought-shape fusion had high internal consistency, a good factor structure accounting for 46.2% of the variance and predictive validity. The results from Study 2 indicated that the distortion can be elicited under experimental conditions, produces negative emotional reactions and prompts the urge to engage in corrective behaviour (e.g. neutralizing/checking). This corrective behaviour promptly reduces the negative reactions.
  
  
  
  The results of the two studies indicate that the concept of thought-shape fusion is coherent, unifactorial and measurable. It is associated with eating disturbance and elicits negative emotional and behavioural responses.
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, University of British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shafran
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Teachman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kerry
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rachman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003073:Cognitive Dissonance; D004435:Eating / Q000523:psychology*; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D012647:Self-Assessment