title: Developmental toxicity of indium in cultured rat embryos.
abstract: Developmental toxicity of indium was examined using rat embryo culture with reference to toxicokinetics. Rat embryos at day 9.5 of pregnancy were cultured for 48 h under various exposure conditions to indium trichloride. Indium was embryotoxic to cultured rat embryos at concentrations ranging from 25 to 50 microM for 24 h exposure according to the embryonic age, and the exposure concentration was more critical than the exposure time. The embryotoxic concentrations were comparable to the serum concentration at a developmentally toxic dose by intravenous administration in an in vivo experiment. It was considered from these results that the developmental toxicity of indium is a direct effect on the embryo or yolk sac and that weak developmental toxicity of indium by oral administration was due to low exposure concentrations in the embryo.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Toxicological Research, Institute for Life Science Research, Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Japan. a8586381@ut.asahi-kasei.co.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D007204:Indium / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013723:Teratogens; D007204:Indium; C020758:indium trichloride