Corticosteroid effects on cytokines and chemokines.
Cytokines as soluble proteins or growth factors involved in cellular interactions are major contributors to allergic and immune-mediated inflammation. Chemokines are chemoattractive cytokines subdivided into families based on cysteine residues. This review on corticosteroid effects on cytokines and chemokines will consider only a selected number of several of these proteins studied in our division and in other centers. Characteristics of several major cytokines up to IL-15, chemokine targets and the effect of corticosteroids on various cells, cytokines, and chemokines are reviewed. The effect of corticosteroid inhibitors of non-specific endothelial activation, selective activation of VCAM-1 expression, eosinophil priming and chemokine production related to allergic diseases is illustrated. The effect of nasal corticosteroids on IL-1 beta, RANTES, IL-6, and IL-8 is also discussed.
Frieri
M
M
Division of Allergy/Immunology, Nassau County Medical Center, East Meadow, NY 11554, USA.
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013256:Steroids
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D013256:Steroids