title: Immunosuppression in hamsters with progressive visceral leishmaniasis: an evaluation of the role of nitric oxide toward impairment of the lymphoproliferative response.
abstract: The progressive visceral infection caused in golden hamsters by Leishmania donovani amastigotes led to gradual impairment of the proliferative response of their splenic (SPMC) or peripheral blood (PBMC) mononuclear cells to in vitro stimulation with leishmanial antigen, with mitogen (concanavalin A), and even with a combination of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (Io). Removal of macrophage-like adherent cells from SPMC or PBMC of infected animals, however, almost completely restored their proliferative response to PMA + Io, thus ruling out the possibility of any intrinsic defect in the signal-transduction pathways of lymphocyte activation and proliferation. Subsequent studies demonstrated that the generation of soluble mediators such as nitric oxide by these adherent cells is responsible, albeit partially, for the down-regulation of the lymphoproliferative response in hamsters with visceral leishmaniasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, Calcutta, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dasgupta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mookerjee
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ghose
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D006224:Cricetinae; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000276:immunology*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D003208:Concanavalin A; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D015232:Dinoprostone; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate