title: Activating phosphorylation of the Kin28p subunit of yeast TFIIH by Cak1p.
abstract: Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-activating kinases (CAKs) carry out essential activating phosphorylations of CDKs such as Cdc2 and Cdk2. The catalytic subunit of mammalian CAK, MO15/Cdk7, also functions as a subunit of the general transcription factor TFIIH. However, these functions are split in budding yeast, where Kin28p functions as the kinase subunit of TFIIH and Cak1p functions as a CAK. We show that Kin28p, which is itself a CDK, also contains a site of activating phosphorylation on Thr-162. The kinase activity of a T162A mutant of Kin28p is reduced by approximately 75 to 80% compared to that of wild-type Kin28p. Moreover, cells containing kin28(T162A) and a conditional allele of TFB3 (the ortholog of the mammalian MAT1 protein, an assembly factor for MO15 and cyclin H) are severely compromised and display a significant further reduction in Kin28p activity. This finding provides in vivo support for the previous biochemical observation that MO15-cyclin H complexes can be activated either by activating phosphorylation of MO15 or by binding to MAT1. Finally, we show that Kin28p is no longer phosphorylated on Thr-162 following inactivation of Cak1p in vivo, that Cak1p can phosphorylate Kin28p on Thr-162 in vitro, and that this phosphorylation stimulates the CTD kinase activity of Kin28p. Thus, Kin28p joins Cdc28p, the major cell cycle Cdk in budding yeast, as a physiological Cak1p substrate. These findings indicate that although MO15 and Cak1p constitute different forms of CAK, both control the cell cycle and the phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II by TFIIH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven Connecticut 06520-8024, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kimmelman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaldis
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hengartner
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Laff
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Solomon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017354:Point Mutation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D035381:TATA-Binding Protein Associated Factors; D013912:Threonine / Q000378:metabolism; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID; D051758:Transcription Factor TFIIH; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D019473:Transcription Factors, TFII; D000095043:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Activating Kinase
chemical_list: D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C490039:TAF6 protein, S cerevisiae; D035381:TATA-Binding Protein Associated Factors; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019473:Transcription Factors, TFII; D051758:Transcription Factor TFIIH; D013912:Threonine; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; C084210:Kin28 protein kinase, S cerevisiae; D000095043:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Activating Kinase