title: A PDK1 homolog is necessary and sufficient to transduce AGE-1 PI3 kinase signals that regulate diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans.
abstract: An insulin receptor-like signaling pathway regulates Caenorhabditis elegans metabolism, development, and longevity. Inactivation of the insulin receptor homolog DAF-2, the AGE-1 PI3K, or the AKT-1 and AKT-2 kinases causes a developmental arrest at the dauer stage. A null mutation in the daf-16 Fork head transcription factor alleviates the requirement for signaling through this pathway. We show here that a loss-of-function mutation in pdk-1, the C. elegans homolog of the mammalian Akt/PKB kinase PDK1, results in constitutive arrest at the dauer stage and increased life span; these phenotypes are suppressed by a loss of function mutation in daf-16. An activating mutation in pdk-1 or overexpression of wild-type pdk-1 relieves the requirement for AGE-1 PI3K signaling. Therefore, pdk-1 activity is both necessary and sufficient to propagate AGE-1 PI3K signals in the DAF-2 insulin receptor-like signaling pathway. The activating mutation in pdk-1 requires akt-1 and akt-2 gene activity in order to suppress the dauer arrest phenotype of age-1. This indicates that the major function of C. elegans PDK1 is to transduce signals from AGE-1 to AKT-1 and AKT-2. The activating pdk-1 mutation is located in a conserved region of the kinase domain; the equivalent amino acid substitution in human PDK1 activates its kinase activity toward mammalian Akt/PKB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paradis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ailion
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toker
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ruvkun
mesh_terms: D064413:3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases; D000409:Alanine; D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010641:Phenotype; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014633:Valine
chemical_list: D064413:3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases; D000409:Alanine; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D015801:Helminth Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011972:Receptor, Insulin; D014633:Valine; C100662:AGE-1 protein, C elegans; C107483:DAF-2 protein, C elegans; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; C494921:AKT2 protein, human; C578562:PDPK1 protein, human; C494915:akt-1 protein, C elegans; C494916:akt-2 protein, C elegans