title: Interleukin-10 responses to liver-stage antigen 1 predict human resistance to Plasmodium falciparum.
abstract: The design of an effective vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly malaria parasite of humans, requires a careful definition of the epitopes and the immune responses involved in protection. Liver-stage antigen 1 (LSA-1) is specifically expressed during the hepatic stage of P. falciparum and elicits cellular and humoral immune responses in naturally exposed individuals. We report here that interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in response to LSA-1 predicts resistance to P. falciparum after eradication therapy. Resistance was not related to gamma interferon or tumor necrosis factor alpha production. This is the first report that human IL-10 responses are associated with resistance after eradication therapy, and our findings support the inclusion of LSA-1 in a vaccine against malaria.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya and Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kurtis
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Lanar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Opollo
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Duffy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology*; D017780:Malaria Vaccines; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000276:immunology*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D017780:Malaria Vaccines; C067302:liver stage-specific antigen, Plasmodium; D016753:Interleukin-10