title: Tonic inhibitory action by nitric oxide on spontaneous mechanical activity in rat proximal colon: involvement of cyclic GMP and apamin-sensitive K+ channels.
abstract: 1. The cellular mechanisms by which endogenous nitric oxide (NO) modulates spontaneous motility were investigated in rat isolated proximal colon. The mechanical activity was detected as changes in intraluminal pressure. 2. Apamin (1-100 nM) produced a concentration-dependent increase in the amplitude of the spontaneous pressure waves. The maximal contractile effect was of the same degree as that produced by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (100 microM) and the joint application of apamin plus L-NAME had no additive effects. Apamin (0.1 microM) reduced the inhibitory effects (i.e. reduction in the amplitude of the pressure waves) induced by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (1 nM - 10 microM) or 8-Br-cyclic GMP (1-100 microM). 3. 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) (0.1-5 microM), inhibitor of NO-stimulated guanylate cyclase, produced a concentration-dependent increase of the spontaneous contractions. ODQ (1 microM) in the presence of apamin (0.1 microM) did not produce any further increase in the contraction amplitude, whereas after L-NAME (100 microM) it decreased the spontaneous contractions. ODQ (1 microM) reduced the SNP inhibitory effects. 4. Zaprinast (1-50 microM), inhibitor of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase, produced a concentration-dependent decrease of the spontaneous contractions. The effects of zaprinast were significantly reduced in the presence of apamin (0.1 microM) or L-NAME (100 microM). 5. These results suggest that small conductance Ca2+-dependent K+ channels and cyclic GMP are involved in the modulation of the spontaneous contractile activity in rat proximal colon. Cyclic GMP production system and opening of apamin-sensitive K+ channels appear to work sequentially in transducing an endogenous NO signal.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Università di Palermo, Italia. fmule@mbox.unipa.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mulè
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: D'Angelo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Serio
mesh_terms: D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000502:physiology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011688:Purinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: C095284:1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011688:Purinones; D011810:Quinoxalines; C033799:apamin receptor; D009599:Nitroprusside; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; C011145:zaprinast; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester