title: Constraint-induced movement therapy for motor recovery in chronic stroke patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assessment of the effectiveness of constraint-induced (CI) movement therapy and quantitative evaluation of the effects of CI therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intervention study; case series; pretreatment to posttreatment measures and follow-up 3 months after intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  An outpatient department.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five chronic stroke patients with moderate motor deficit; convenience sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  CI therapy consisting of restraint of the unaffected upper extremity in a sling for 14 days combined with 6 hours of training per weekday of the affected upper extremity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Actual Amount of Use Test (AAUT), Motor Activity Log (MAL), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), and Arm Motor Ability Test (AMAT) RESULTS: There was a substantial improvement in the performance times of the laboratory tests (AMAT, WMFT, p < or = .039) and in the quality of movement (AMAT, WMFT, p < or = .049; MAL, p = .049), particularly in the use of the extremity in "real world" environments (AAUT, p = .020), supported by results of quantitative evaluation. The effect sizes were large and comparable to those found in previous studies of CI therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CI therapy is an efficacious treatment for chronic stroke patients, especially in terms of real world outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kunkel
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Villringer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villringer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taub
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flor
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome