title: Glycosylation sites flank phosphorylation sites on synapsin I: O-linked N-acetylglucosamine residues are localized within domains mediating synapsin I interactions.
abstract: Synapsin I is concentrated in nerve terminals, where it appears to anchor synaptic vesicles to the cytoskeleton and thereby ensures a steady supply of fusion-competent synaptic vesicles. Although phosphorylation-dependent binding of synapsin I to cytoskeletal elements and synaptic vesicles is well characterized, little is known about synapsin I's O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modifications. Here, we identified seven in vivo O-GlcNAcylation sites on synapsin I by analysis of HPLC-purified digests of rat brain synapsin I. The seven O-GlcNAcylation sites (Ser55, Thr56, Thr87, Ser516, Thr524, Thr562, and Ser576) in synapsin I are clustered around its five phosphorylation sites in domains B and D. The proximity of phosphorylation sites to O-GlcNAcylation sites in the regulatory domains of synapsin I suggests that O-GlcNAcylation may modulate phosphorylation and indirectly affect synapsin I interactions. With use of synthetic peptides, however, the presence of an O-GlcNAc at sites Thr562 and Ser576 resulted in only a 66% increase in the Km of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylation of site Ser566 with no effect on its Vmax. We conclude that O-GlcNAcylation likely plays a more direct role in synapsin I interactions than simply modulating the protein's phosphorylation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2185, USA.
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Hart
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000032:analysis*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006031:Glycosylation; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016704:Synapsins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D016704:Synapsins; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D000117:Acetylglucosamine