title: Effect of wet and dry bonding techniques on marginal leakage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of wet and dry bonding on microleakage of Class V restorations bonded with three bonding agents.
  
  
  METHODS
  60 extracted human premolars and molars were randomly assigned to three groups for bonding with Gluma CPS, EBS (ESPE) and Prime & Bond 2.1. Cavities were cut in both the buccal and lingual surfaces. Half of each preparation was in enamel and the other was in cementum/dentin. The cavities were restored with composite after the application of dentin bonding agents using a wet and dry technique for each material. The teeth were stored in distilled water for 6 days at 37 degrees C, thermocycled, and the restorations examined microscopically for leakage using Procion Brilliant Red as a marker.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All groups showed microleakage at both the enamel and dentin margins. At the gingival margin, there was a significant difference between the groups for both wet-bonding (P = 0.039) and dry-bonding (P = 0.024). There was no significant difference between the groups at the enamel margin (wet bonding: P = 0.179, dry-bonding: P = 0.357). The wet-bonding technique was compared with the dry-bonding technique for each material at both the gingival and enamel margins and no significant differences were observed (in all cases P > 0.47). SEM showed that in dye-labeled areas debonding occurred mostly, but not always, near the resin-hybrid interface.
authors.affiliation: University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C113072:EBS adhesive system; D008689:Methacrylates; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C103500:Prime & Bond; D014867:Water; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C044372:Gluma; D005976:Glutaral