title: Relationship of accommodative response and nearpoint phoria in a sample of myopic children.
abstract: Esophoria has been associated with onset and progression of myopia in children. The induction of myopia by optical defocus shown by animal models suggests that a high lag of accommodation during near work may contribute to myopia in children. This paper examines the relationship of nearpoint phoria and accommodative response in a sample of children with myopia. Accommodative response was measured under binocular conditions with the Canon Autoref R-1 autorefractor with a 40 cm viewing distance. Phorias were measured with the von Graefe method using a 40 cm test distance. In the statistical analysis exophoria was scored as a negative number and esophoria was scored as a positive number. The coefficient of correlation of accommodative response with phoria was -0.32 (n = 73; p<0.01), thus showing an association of a more positive (more convergent) near phoria with lower accommodative response. The correlation coefficient increased to -0.39 when an exponential function was used. When only esophores were considered, the correlation coefficient was -0.59 (n = 44; p<0.001). Lower accommodative response (higher lag of accommodation) was associated with greater esophoria.
authors.affiliation: School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Goss
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Rainey
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D009216:Myopia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D012307:Risk Factors; D013285:Strabismus / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*