title: Innate and adaptive immune responses co-operate to protect cattle against Theileria annulata.
abstract: For many years it was assumed that Theileria annulata resembled T. parva, parasitizing lymphocytes and causing lymphoproliferative disease, with the two species being controlled by similar protective immune responses. Patricia Preston et al. here review the evidence that has led to a different view of T. annulata. It is now thought that the schizonts of T. annulata inhabit macrophages and B cells, and that tropical theileriosis is not a lymphoproliferative disease. Both innate and adaptive responses contribute to recovery from infection and resistance to challenge and cytokines produced by infected and uninfected cells influence the outcome of infection. Partial protection has been stimulated recently by defined recombinant antigens; efficacy depended upon the delivery system.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK EH9 3JT. pat.preston@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Preston
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Darghouth
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Shiels
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Spooner
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jongejan
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D007109:Immunity; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000469:parasitology; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D016796:Theileria annulata / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D013801:Theileriasis / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D016207:Cytokines; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic