title: Basolateral amygdala noradrenergic influences on memory storage are mediated by an interaction between beta- and alpha1-adrenoceptors.
abstract: Extensive evidence indicates that norepinephrine modulates memory storage through an activation of beta-adrenoceptors in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA). Recent findings suggest that the effects of beta-adrenergic activation on memory storage are influenced by alpha1-adrenoceptor stimulation. Pharmacological findings indicate that activation of postsynaptic alpha1-adrenoceptors potentiates beta-adrenoceptor-mediated activation of cAMP formation. The present study examined whether inactivation of alpha1-adrenoceptors in the BLA would alter the dose-response effects on memory storage of intra-BLA infusions of a beta-adrenoceptor agonist, as well as that of a synthetic cAMP analog. Male Sprague Dawley rats received bilateral microinfusions into the BLA of either the beta-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol (3-3000 pmol in 0.2 microliter) or 8-bromoadenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-bromo-cAMP) (0.2-7 nmol in 0.2 microliter) alone or together with the alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin (0.2 nmol) immediately after training in an inhibitory avoidance task. Retention was tested 48 hr later. Clenbuterol induced a dose-dependent enhancement of retention, and prazosin attenuated the dose-response effects of clenbuterol. Posttraining intra-BLA infusions of 8-bromo-cAMP also induced a dose-dependent enhancement of retention latencies. However, concurrent infusion of prazosin did not alter the dose-response effects of 8-bromo-cAMP. These findings are consistent with the view that alpha1-adrenoceptors affect memory storage by modulating beta-adrenoceptor activation in the BLA. Moreover, these findings are consistent with those of pharmacological studies indicating that beta-adrenoceptors modulate memory storage by a direct coupling to adenylate cyclase, whereas alpha1-receptors act indirectly by influencing the beta-adrenoceptor-mediated influence on cAMP formation.
authors.affiliation: Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3800, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ferry
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roozendaal
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: McGaugh
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000679:Amygdala / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000502:physiology*; D011224:Prazosin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D009638:Norepinephrine; D011224:Prazosin