title: [Reflex anoxic cerebral crises in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reflex anoxic cerebral crises are due to depression of nerve function caused by a vagotonic state or vagal hypersensitivity. In this paper we propose to review the physiopathology, clinical features and diagnostic procedures of these crises.
  
  
  METHODS
  There are three types of reflex anoxic cerebral crises: asphyxiating anoxic crises, ischemic anoxic crises and asphyxiating-ischemic anoxic crises. They are caused by sudden activation of the so-called syncopal reflex. They are characterized by diverse clinical manifestations and may often be mistaken for epileptic crises. They are related to various precipitating factors such as a blow, often to the head, an emotional stimulus or something which upsets or molests, hyperthermia, abdominal pain, headache, physical exertion, prolonged standing-up, exposure to heat, the sight of blood, feeling of fear and other factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Important elements for the diagnosis of these crises are the presence of a family history of vagal crises, the presence of precipitating factors, brief duration of the crises (seconds) in most patients, and clinical signs of facial or perioral pallor or cyanosis. The test involving pressure on the eyeball and the tilting table are useful for diagnosis. However, they should be used sensibly.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neuropediatría, Hospital Pediátrico Docente William Soler, La Habana, Cuba. pozo@infomed.sld.cu
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Pozo-Alonso
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pozo-Lauzán
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Flores
mesh_terms: D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D007223:Infant
vernacular_title: Crisis cerebrales anóxicas reflejas en el niño.