title: Membranocystic lesion in lumbar yellow ligament.
abstract: METHODS
  An examination of surgical cases of membranocystic lesions in the lumbar yellow ligament between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report the incidence and pathogenesis of membranocystic lesions of the yellow ligament in surgical specimens.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The membranocystic lesion has been observed not only in membranous lipodystrophy, but also in other conditions. However, there has been no report concerning this lesion in the yellow ligament.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four yellow ligaments excised in surgery were histologically reviewed. In eight cases, S-100 expression was investigated. In two cases, ultrastructural findings were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Membranocystic lesions were present in 8 (18%) of the 44 cases. The cases with the lesions had undergone surgery for spondylolisthesis (4 cases), sequestration-type disc herniation (2 cases), postradiation status (1 case), and spinal stenosis (1 case). Histologically, in all 8 cases, fibrosis was present around the lesion. In 5 of the 8 cases, chondrocytes were observed adjacent to the lesion, and nuclei positive for S-100 protein were observed in 4 cases. Nuclei of chondrocytes adjacent to the lesion also were positive for S-100 protein. Ultrastructurally, irregularly shaped cystic spaces surrounded by an electron-dense membranous structure, which were identical to those of membranous lipodystrophy, were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that degeneration of the chondrocytes has a causal relationship to the formation of membranocystic lesions in the yellow ligament.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan. cshokada@med.akita-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017843:Ligamentum Flavum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013168:Spondylolisthesis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D009418:S100 Proteins