title: Comparison of absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures for microsurgical vasovasostomy in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  At least 12% of initially patent vasovasostomies (VVs) shut down. Currently, only nonabsorbable sutures are used for VV. A synthetic, slowly absorbing, monofilament polyglactin suture has been developed that retains tensile strength for up to 6 months. We performed a prospective controlled randomized study comparing absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures for rat VVs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bilateral microsurgical VV was performed in three groups of 36 Wistar male rats, with 10-0 nylon, 10-0 polypropylene, and 10-0 polyglactin sutures. Twelve control rats underwent sham operations. Three rats in each group were killed at 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks. The abdominal end of the vas deferens was transected and the intraluminal fluid examined microscopically for presence of sperm. The segment of the vas deferens containing the anastomosis was excised. Fluid from the testicular end was examined for sperm to confirm spermatogenesis. Patency was confirmed by an antegrade indigo carmine vasogram of the anastomotic segment. Segments were randomly sent for histologic or tensile strength evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean tensile strength of the anastomoses performed with nylon was slightly higher than in polypropylene and polyglactin sutures, although the difference was not statistically significant. Polyglactin consistently maintained tensile strength throughout 6 months without significant fluctuations. The mean patency rate in the polyglactin group was 96%, in nylon 81%, and in polypropylene 61%. Although polyglactin had a consistently higher patency rate compared with nonabsorbable sutures, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.11) but indicated a strong trend. The occurrence of microscopic sperm granuloma, muscle layer injuries, intimal fibrosis, and adventitial fibrosis of the vas deferens was not significantly different between suture types.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The three suture materials appear equivalent with respect to overall tensile strength of anastomosis; with histologic evaluation, the trend was toward better patency with polyglactin. Polyglactin 10-0 microsurgical suture is a viable alternative to nonabsorbable sutures in microsurgical VVs, although further studies are indicated to assess long-term results.
authors.affiliation: Center for Male Reproductive Medicine and Microsurgery, Department of Urology, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Y R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Sheynkin
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Magid
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D009757:Nylons; D011098:Polyglactin 910; D011126:Polypropylenes; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013537:Sutures; D014669:Vasovasostomy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D009757:Nylons; D011126:Polypropylenes; D011098:Polyglactin 910