title: Epstein-Barr virus infection of the colon with inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected cells can evoke severe host immune responses, as shown in infectious mononucleosis and EBV-associated gastric carcinoma. To investigate the possible pathological role of EBV in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we tested for the presence of EBV in the colon in IBD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgically resected colonic specimens of 11 patients with Crohn's disease, five patients with ulcerative colitis, nine noninflammatory controls (disease-free area of the colorectal carcinoma), and 10 appendicitis cases were tested using highly sensitive in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded small RNA1 (EBER-1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  EBER-1 was detected in 63.6% of Crohn's disease cases and 60% of ulcerative colitis cases, but not at all in noninflammatory controls and appendicitis cases. EBER-1-positive cells were very rare in the noninflammatory areas of colonic specimens from IBD patients. EBER-1-positive cells were nonepithelial cells (mainly B lymphocytes and a few histiocyte-shaped cells) located in erosive or ulcerative areas of the colonic specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The limited presence of EBV-infected cells in the diseased areas of IBD colonic specimens indicated that EBV infection may be related to such diseases.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagasaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mitani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: C099537:Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA 1; D012367:RNA, Viral