title: The association of ATR protein with mouse meiotic chromosome cores.
abstract: The ATR (ataxia telangiectasia- and RAD3-related) protein is present on meiotic prophase chromosome cores and paired cores (synaptonemal complexes, SCs). Its striking characteristic is that the protein forms dense aggregates on the cores and SCs of the last chromosomes to pair at the zygotene-pachytene transition. It would appear that the ATR protein either signals delays in pairing or it is directly involved in the completion of the pairing phase. Atm-deficient spermatocytes, which are defective in the chromosome pairing phase, accumulate large amounts of ATR. The behaviour of ATR at meiotic prophase sets it apart from the distribution of the RAD51/DMC1 recombinase complex and our electron microscope observations confirm that they do not co-localize. We failed to detect ATM in association with cores/SCs and we have reported elsewhere that RAD1 protein does not co-localize with DMC1 foci. The expectation that putative DNA-damage checkpoint proteins. ATR, ATM and RAD1, are associated with RAD51/DMC1 recombination sites where DNA breaks are expected to be present, is therefore not supported by our observations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. moens@yorku.ca
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Moens
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tarsounas
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Habu
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Rottinghaus
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Freire
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barlow
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wynshaw-Boris
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D000818:Animals; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008540:Meiosis / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D028044:Phosphate-Binding Proteins; D011485:Protein Binding; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C513032:Dmc1 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D028044:Phosphate-Binding Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C576897:Atr protein, mouse; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; C576325:Atm protein, mouse; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases