title: Peritoneal fluid cytokine and eicosanoid levels and their relation to the incidence of peritoneal adhesion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the peritoneal fluid content of several cytokines and eicosanoids with inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and fibrotic activities, and to assess the relationship of these levels with the incidence of peritoneal adhesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peritoneal fluids were collected from 30 subjects with adhesions (n = 22) or with normal pelvic anatomy (n = 8), and the level of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta 1), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioreceptor assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The peritoneal fluid content of these factors varied considerably, with low levels of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-10, IFN-gamma, and GM-CSF. Only IFN-gamma levels were significantly lower in subjects with adhesions compared with the normal group (P < .05). The levels of total (latent + active) and active TGF-beta 1 were higher than those of other cytokines assayed and were significantly higher in subjects with adhesions compared with the normal group (P < .05). The peritoneal fluid content of PGE2, TXB2, and LTB4 was significantly higher than that of the cytokines and was higher, but not significantly so, in subjects with adhesions compared with normal subjects (P = .06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the effect of length of time since the adhesions were formed is not known, the results indicate that peritoneal fluid content of these cytokines and eicosanoids, with the exception of IFN-gamma and TGF-beta 1, does not correlate with the presence of peritoneal adhesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610-0294, USA. cheginin@obgyn.med.ufl.edu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chegini
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Stone
mesh_terms: D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000378:metabolism; D010532:Peritoneal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010533:Peritoneal Lavage; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000378:metabolism; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015777:Eicosanoids; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D015232:Dinoprostone