title: Neuropsychiatric effects of manganese on mood.
abstract: Adverse mood effects of overexposure to Manganese (Mn) have been described in 15 studies which frequently report an association of Mn exposure with adverse effects in six dimensions of mood: 1) anxiety, nervousness, irritability; 2) psychotic experiences; 3) emotional disturbance; 4) fatigue, lack of vigor, sleep disturbance; 5) impulsive/compulsive behavior; 6) aggression hostility. Only 1:15 studies used a standardized psychological measure of mood, while the current study of environmental Mn exposure used two standardized mood scales in evaluating low levels of Mn exposure and mood sequelae. The Profile of Moods State (POMS) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) were used, and results indicate that men who are older and have higher Mn levels show significant disturbances on four of the six mood dimensions. Increased scores were seen in the anxiety, nervousness, irritability; emotional disturbance; and aggression, hostility dimensions relative to those who had lower levels of Mn. The BSI and POMS are useful adjuncts in the assessment of mood/Mn effects.
authors.affiliation: San Francisco State University, USA. rbowl@sfsu.edu
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bowler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mergler
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Sassine
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Larribe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hudnell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects*; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000097:blood*; D020149:Manganese Poisoning; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D008345:Manganese