title: HIV-1 tat protein induces the production of interleukin-8 by human brain-derived endothelial cells.
abstract: This study focused on the role of the HIV-derived viral protein, tat, in activating central nervous system (CNS)-derived endothelial cells (EC) to produce interleukin-8 (IL-8), a stimulator and chemoattractant for neutrophils and lymphocytes. Human CNS-EC treated with tat (100 ng/ml) demonstrated a 2 to 3 fold upregulation in IL-8 mRNA and protein. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and tat were found to act additively in upregulating IL-8 production. In contrast, transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), appeared to down modulate tat-induced IL-8 production. These data suggest that extracellular tat, especially in the presence of TNF, may be responsible for the local production of IL-8.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, HMR 312, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Incardona
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zidovetzki
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Hinton
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology* / Q000821:virology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000276:immunology; D004727:Endothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D015696:Gene Products, tat; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus