title: Apocalmodulin and Ca2+ calmodulin bind to the same region on the skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channel.
abstract: The skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channel (RYR1) is regulated by calmodulin in both its Ca2+-free (apocalmodulin) and Ca2+-bound (Ca2+ calmodulin) states. Apocalmodulin is an activator of the channel, and Ca2+ calmodulin is an inhibitor of the channel. Both apocalmodulin and Ca2+ calmodulin binding sites on RYR1 are destroyed by a mild tryptic digestion of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes, but calmodulin (either form), bound to RYR1 prior to tryptic digestion, protects both the apocalmodulin and Ca2+ calmodulin sites from tryptic destruction. The protected sites are after arginines 3630 and 3637 on RYR1. These studies suggest that both Ca2+ calmodulin and apocalmodulin bind to the same or overlapping regions on RYR1 and block access of trypsin to sites at amino acids 3630 and 3637. This sequence is part of a predicted Ca2+ CaM binding site of amino acids 3614-3642 [Takeshima, H., et al. (1989) Nature 339, 439-445].
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodney
authors.forename: J Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santacruz-Toloza
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Strasburg
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hamilton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001059:Apoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013462:Sulfur Radioisotopes; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001059:Apoproteins; D002147:Calmodulin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D013462:Sulfur Radioisotopes; D014357:Trypsin; D002118:Calcium