title: Immunocytochemical detection of hMSH2 and hMLH1 expression in oral SCC.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The loss of DNA mismatch repair system was reported in hereditary non-poliposis colon cancer and in other tumours. The aim of this study was to detect the protein expression pattern of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  5 specimens, obtained from healthy oral mucosa, and 20 from oral SCC were tested with anti-hMSH2 and anti-hMLH1 monoclonal antibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six cases (30%) showed nuclear positivity in differentiated areas (G1) and cytoplasmic positivity in areas with a lower degree of differentiation, four cases (20%) showed only cytoplasmic positivity, and only one (5%) no staining. One case of oral SCC (5%) showed no hMLH1 staining in the tumoral cells, even if normal squamous epithelium available in this section showed a nuclear positivity; six cases (30%) showed nuclear positivity in differentiated areas (G1) and cytoplasmic positivity in areas with a lower degree of differentiation, three cases (15%) showed only cytoplasmic positivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that examination of hMSH2 and hMLH1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry is important in oral SCC. The analysis of mismatches expression in these cases of oral SCC might suggest that an absent nuclear staining for both hMSH2 and hML1 could constitute a hallmark of potential phenotype mutator for this type of neoplasia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lo Muzio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nocini
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Mignogna
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pannone
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Staibano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Procaccini
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mariggio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dolci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Rosa
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry*; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry*; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C501486:MLH1 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C497172:MSH2 protein, human; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein