Prevalence of HIV-associated periodontitis and chronic periodontitis in a southeastern US study group.
OBJECTIVE
This study estimates factors associated with the prevalence of HIV-associated periodontal diseases (HIV-P) and the severity and extent of periodontitis in HIV-infected adults from North Carolina (NC).


METHODS
Data are derived from a cross-sectional study of HIV-infected adults (total n = 326, dentate n = 316) treated at the University of North Carolina Hospitals. Outcomes were a diagnosis of HIV-P and measures of probing pocket depth (PPD), recession (REC), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Immunosuppression was measured by peripheral blood CD4+ cells/mm3.


RESULTS
In addition to persons with HIV (non-AIDS), this study included 10 percent of the AIDS cases in North Carolina. Median age was 37 years (range = 19-67); 78 percent were male and 60 percent were black. Sixty-two percent of persons had a probing pocket depth > or = 5 mm; 46% had recession > or = 3 mm, and 66 percent had attachment level > or = 5 mm in one or more sites. Cases of HIV-P (n = 15) were rare. Persons taking HIV-antiretroviral medication were one-fifth (OR = 0.20; 95% CI = 0.07, 0.63) as likely to have HIV-P as those not taking those medications, controlling for CD4+ cell counts.


CONCLUSIONS
HIV-infected persons in this study group from North Carolina exhibited severe and extensive measures of adult periodontitis. A small proportion experienced a severe form of HIV-P, which was attenuated by antiretroviral therapy.
McKaig
R G
RG
Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7450, USA. rosemary_mckaig@unc.edu
Thomas
J C
JC
Patton
L L
LL
Strauss
R P
RP
Slade
G D
GD
Beck
J D
JD
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044383:Black People; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009657:North Carolina / Q000453:epidemiology; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000453:epidemiology; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000453:epidemiology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents