Human acute myeloblastic leukemia-ascites model using the human GM-CSF- and IL-3-releasing transgenic SCID mice.
To generate an appropriate model for human acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), we have successfully established a human hematopoietic growth factor-dependent AML cell line (TF-1 and UT-7/GM)-ascites model using human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF)- and human interleukin 3 (hIL-3)-releasing transgenic (Tg)-SCID mice. When 1 x 10(7) cells of TF-1, a human erythroleukemia cell line, were transplanted into the peritoneum of irradiated Tg-SCID mice (TF-1 ip/Tg-SCID mice), TF-1 cells grew in both the single cell suspension form (asTF-1) and solid form in ascites and invaded various tissues: lungs, liver, pancreas, and genitals, 3-6 weeks following transplantation. Subsequently, 0.5-1 x 10(7) cells of UT-7/GM, a subline of the UT-7 human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, grown in the back of hGM-CSF Tg-SCID mice after subcutaneous inoculation, were transplanted into the peritoneum of other irradiated hGM-CSF Tg-SCID mice. After 4 weeks, UT-7/GM cells (asUT-7/GM) also grew in the same manner as TF-1 cells in hGM-CSF Tg-SCID mice. Analysis of the cells from the peritoneum and tissues by PCR amplifying ALU and human GM-CSF receptor beta sequences and by immunohistochemical staining using anti-human CD45 revealed that they possessed the original characteristics of the parental cells. To confirm the usefulness of this human AML-ascites model, experimental treatment of AML cells grown in these mice was carried out with a differentiation inducer, delta-aminolevulinic acid (deltaALA), which induces hemoglobin synthesis for TF-1 in vitro and is thus regarded as an anti-leukemia drug candidate. Unexpectedly, growth promotion of TF-1 cells was observed in the treated TF-1 ip/hIL-3 Tg-SCID mice without differentiation to erythroid cells after treatment with delta-ALA (5 mM) for 7 days. These results indicate that Tg-SCID mice can support the growth of human hematopoietic growth factor-dependent AML cell lines which are usually rejected by SCID mice, without modification of the parental cell characteristics. In addition, this Tg-SCID leukemia-ascites model may become a useful preclinical tool for estimation of drug efficacy in vivo, since the drug candidate which was promising in vitro did not act in the same manner in vivo.
Fukuchi
Y
Y
Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Miyamae, Kawasaki, Japan.
Miyakawa
Y
Y
Kizaki
M
M
Umezawa
A
A
Shimamura
K
K
Kobayashi
K
K
Kuramochi
T
T
Hata
J
J
Ikeda
Y
Y
Tamaoki
N
N
Nomura
T
T
Ueyama
Y
Y
Ito
M
M
D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001201:Ascites / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID / Q000378:metabolism*; D008822:Mice, Transgenic / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
D007377:Interleukin-3; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid