title: Menopause-related oral alveolar bone resorption: a review of relatively unexplored consequences of estrogen deficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible provide the bony framework for tooth support. Osteoporotic changes of these bones may directly affect tooth stability and retention. This report reviews studies that have evaluated the relationship between systemic osteoporosis and oral alveolar bone mass as well as the effect of estrogen use on oral alveolar bone and tooth retention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten years (1989-1998) literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies reviewed demonstrate a positive correlation between systemic bone mass and systemic osteoporosis to oral bone resorption. Estrogen replacement therapy affects oral bone in a manner similar to the way it affects other sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is evident that postmenopausal estrogen users may retain more teeth after menopause. Sustained oral health and better tooth retention are potentially additional benefits for hormone replacement therapy users after menopause.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Birkenfeld
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yemini
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Kase
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Birkenfeld
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000172:deficiency*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008439:Maxillary Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens