title: Urinary continence and erectile function after bladder neck sling suspension in male patients with spinal dysraphism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the outcome of using sling suspensions combined with clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) in patients with spina bifida, of whom a third are incontinent through pelvic floor paralysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 1992 and April 1997, 14 male patients (mean age at surgery 11.7 years, range 6.5-15.2) with spina bifida and neurogenic sphincter incontinence underwent a puboprostatic sling suspension as a primary treatment. The procedure, via an abdominoperineal approach, consists of suspending the bladder neck by placing a simple U-shaped rectus abdominus fascial sling. The perineal approach is used to develop the plane between the rectum and Denonvillier's fascia, and to prepare the passage of the sling alongside the prostate. Apart from the sling procedure, eight of the 14 patients underwent autoaugmentation of the bladder and two underwent ileocystoplasty during the same operation. All patients used CIC daily. Erectile function was assessed by reports from the patients and their parents, and continence by report and urodynamic studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 14 patients, 13 achieved urinary continence with no additional procedures; one required a subsequent submucosal injection at the suspension site with silicone particles in povidone (Macroplastique(R)) to become continent. Two patients reported slight leakage at night. Before surgery, all but one patient reported having spontaneous or mechanically manipulated erections; none had erections on psychological stimulation. After surgery, erectile function was preserved in 13 of the 14 patients; in one there were problems establishing the right dissection plane between the rectum and prostate, but spontaneous erections returned a year after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In males, the abdominoperineal puboprostatic sling suspension using rectus abdominis fascia appears to be a successful treatment for sphincter incontinence in patients with spina bifida, and safely maintains erectile function.
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Renal Centre, University Hospital for Children and Youth, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dik
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Van Gool
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: De Jong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000502:physiology*; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000601:surgery; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014563:Urodynamics