title: [The activation patterns during atrial fibrillation in an experimental model].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In atrial fibrillation, along with the mechanisms of complete reentry and random activation focal activation patterns have been described which have been attributed both to propagation from the endocardium and to the existence of zones with automatic activity. The objectives of present study are to analyze and quantify the atrial activation patterns in an experimental model of atrial fibrillation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 11 Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts atrial fibrillation was induced by atrial burst pacing after right atrial dilatation with an intra-atrial balloon. A multiple electrode consisting of 121 electrodes and positioned in the right atrial free wall was used to construct the activation maps corresponding to 10 segments of 100 ms in 11 different episodes of sustained atrial fibrillation (one per experiment).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 110 segments analyzed, 44 (40%) corresponded to random activation patterns. Fifteen segments (14%) corresponded to complete reentry, and in these cases the number of consecutive rotations ranged from 1 to 2.25 (mean 1.4 +/- 0.4). In 49 segments (44%) a single activation front was seen to pass through the recording area without block; alternatively, two simultaneous fronts were recorded that did not re-excite the zone activated by the other. In two segments (2%) there was a focal activation pattern without evidence of propagation from the epicardium surrounding the activated zone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  a) in the experimental atrial fibrillation model used, random activation patterns are more frequent than complete reentry patterns; b) complete reentry can occur in areas smaller than 1 cm2, and c) focal activation during atrial fibrillation is rare.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Chorro
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mainar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanchis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cánoves
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Porres
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Millet
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Llavador
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Such
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Egea
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: López-Merino
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Such
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004566:Electrodes; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D011817:Rabbits
vernacular_title: Patrones de activación durante la fibrilación auricular en un modelo experimental.