title: Controlling transplant vasculopathy in cryopreserved vein grafts with polyethylene glycol and glutathione during transport.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  the biological characteristics of cryopreserved allografts are poorly understood, although many factors are known to influence their outcome. This study examines the development of transplant vasculopathy in both fresh and cryopreserved vein allografts and specifically assesses the efficacy of a transport solution containing 10% polyethylene glycol and 10 microM glutathione (PEG/GSH).
  
  
  METHODS
  jugular veins were harvested from control donor rabbits and transplanted as interposition carotid bypass grafts in 30 New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. Ten received the fresh jugular veins (fresh). Ten animals received jugular veins which had been harvested, transported in a physiological solution, cryopreserved and stored in a standard fashion (cryopreserved). Ten animals received jugular veins which had been harvested, transported in the same solution with the addition of PEG/GSH, cryopreserved and stored in a standard fashion (PEG/GSH). Cryopreserved jugular veins were stored for 6 weeks before transplantation. All animals were sacrificed 28 days postoperatively. Vein grafts were perfusion-fixed and wall dimensions were determined by planimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  all transplanted grafts were patent at harvest. The control cryopreserved vein grafts showed a 54% increase in mean intimal thickness (63+/-10 micron vs. 41+/-3 micron p<0.05) but no change in mean medial thickness (125+/-9 micron vs. 119+/-13 micron; p = N.S. ) compared to the fresh allograft. Transport of the grafts in PEG/GSH solution resulted in the abolition of the increase in intimal thickness (41+/-4 micron; p <0.01) associated with cryopreservation without a change in medial thickness (140+/-15 micron; p = N.S.) compared to the cryopreserved allograft.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  cryopreserved vein grafts develop significant intimal hyperplasia compared to freshly transplanted grafts. The use of PEG/GSH in the transport solution significantly reduces this transplant graft intimal hyperplasia to that which develops in fresh grafts and may lead to improvements in the clinical use of cryopreserved veins.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Fulton
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Svendsen
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Brockbank
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Hagen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005978:Glutathione; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000637:transplantation / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009926:Organ Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014654:Vascular Patency; D014680:Veins
chemical_list: D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D005978:Glutathione