title: Impaired metoclopramide-induced pituitary prolactin release in men with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
abstract: To investigate whether metoclopramide-induced prolactin release is impaired in HIV-infected men, we studied 10 clinically healthy HIV-negative adult men (group 1) and 10 consecutive HIV-positive adult men (group 2) with anti-HIV antibodies confirmed by Western blot analysis and a CD4 cell count from 13 to 570x10(6)/L. After a 10- to 12-hour overnight fast, three basal blood samples were obtained at 15-minute intervals (-30, -15, and 0 minutes) and thereafter at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after a 10-mg intravenous bolus of metoclopramide. Duplicate serum prolactin concentrations were measured in each sample with commercially available radioimmunoassay kits. No significant differences between groups were observed in basal prolactin levels. Group 2 had lower serum prolactin concentrations than group 1 throughout the test (P< or =.002). The area under the prolactin curve (mean +/- SD) was also lower in group 2 than in group 1 (7156+/-1433 ng/mL/240 min vs. 12430+/-2454 ng/mL/240 min, P<.0001), and the area under the prolactin curve had a significant correlation with the CD4 cell counts (r = 0.7912, P<.001). These findings suggest that the hypothalamic dopaminergic tone, although present, was clearly diminished in these HIV-positive men regardless of their clinical stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, México City, Mexico.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parra
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Peredo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Coutiño
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lagunes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ponce de Leon
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Argüelles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood*; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
chemical_list: D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D011388:Prolactin; D008787:Metoclopramide