title: Late onset polio sequelae: disabilities and handicaps in a population-based cohort of the 1956 poliomyelitis outbreak in The Netherlands.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence of new neuromuscular symptoms, disabilities, and handicaps in a group of polio survivors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A self-constructed health questionnaire about neuromuscular complaints and disability and handicap levels during the stable period after recovery from polio and at present.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred fifty subjects, derived from the 1,784 polio cases registered during the 1956 polio outbreak in The Netherlands.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respondents totaled 260 (74%), 27 of whom denied or did not recall having had paralytic poliomyelitis. The remaining 233 subjects comprised the study group (mean age, 44yrs; range, 39 to 77; SD = 6.3). Frequency of all neuromuscular complaints at present time was significantly higher than that during the stable period after polio (range in p of .001 to .004). Fifty-eight percent of cases reported an increase in muscle weakness in comparison with muscle condition during the stable period. Fifty-six percent reported an increase in disabilities, mainly a restriction in gait functions. Fifty-three percent reported increased handicaps with regard to occupation and social integration, and there was an increased need for adaptive measures and devices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nearly 60% of a sample of Dutch survivors of the 1956 polio outbreak experience late onset polio sequelae, resulting in increased severity of disabilities and handicaps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ivanyi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nollet
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Redekop
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Haan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wohlgemuht
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: van Wijngaarden
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Visser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016262:Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires