title: Middle range theory: spinning research and practice to create knowledge for the new millennium.
abstract: The foundation of middle range theory reported during the past decade was described and analyzed. A CINAHL search revealed 22 middle range theories that met selected criteria. This foundation is a firm base for new millennium theorizing. Recommendations for future theorizing include: clear articulation of theory names and approaches for generating theories; clarification of concept linkages with inclusion of diagrammed models; deliberate attention to research-practice connections of theories; creation of theories in concert with the disciplinary perspective; and, movement of middle range theories to the front lines of nursing research and practice for further analysis, critique, and development.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, The University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liehr
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016294:Models, Nursing; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000639:trends*; D009742:Nursing Theory