title: What are surrogate outcome measures and why do they fail in clinical research?
abstract: Surrogate outcome measures have been of interest in clinical research for a long time because of their potential ability to save time and cost. The literature, however, has numerous examples of failed surrogate measures. The definition of a surrogate outcome measure, its consideration in clinical stroke research and some of the potential mechanisms for failure of surrogate measures will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Health Evaluation Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. kj4v@virginia.edu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johnston
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers