title: Potential mechanisms responsible for zymosan-associated endothelial injury in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess alterations in endothelial barrier integrity and potential factors involved in zymosan-associated endothelial injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  42 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hour before an intraperitoneal injection of paraffin or zymosan (0.25 mg/g body weight), 1.0 ml of a solution of saline, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, dimethyl sulphoxide, indomethacin, verapamil, or allopurinol was given intravenously.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurement of tissue water content, tissue intravascular plasma volume, interstitial fluid volume, and extravascular 125I-labelled human serum albumin distribution as well as plasma concentrations of albumin, alpha1-macroglobulin, alpha2-antiplasmin, and antithrombin III, 24 hours after the intraperitoneal injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endothelial permeability significantly increased in abdominal organs and the gastrointestinal tract, and plasma antiplasmin concentrations decreased. Pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine, dimethyl sulphoxide, or indomethacin protected against zymosan-induced endothelial barrier injury and the decline in protease inhibitors in plasma to varying degrees, while pretreatment with verapamil or allopurinol had a limited effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oxygen free radicals, prostaglandin, and proteases may have roles in the pathogenesis of zymosan-induced endothelial barrier injuries, implying that several mediators probably are interacting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Lund University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lasson
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haraldsen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andersson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000502:physiology; D004727:Endothelium / Q000473:pathology*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015054:Zymosan / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D011453:Prostaglandins; D015054:Zymosan; D002118:Calcium