title: Permanent cardiac assistance from skeletal muscle: a prospect for the new millennium.
abstract: This paper looks at the prospects for new surgical solutions to the problem of end-stage heart failure based on cardiac assistance from skeletal muscle. The current status of the main biological approaches, cardiomyoplasty, aortomyoplasty, and the skeletal muscle ventricle, are discussed, followed by a consideration of some of the important basic issues that need to be addressed if these techniques are to achieve their full potential. Although there is a review element to the paper, the main emphasis is on the work of our own research group and collaborating workers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool, UK. s.salmons@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salmons
mesh_terms: D001011:Aorta / Q000601:surgery; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D018421:Cardiomyoplasty / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D005544:Forecasting; D006085:Graft Survival; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D019739:Skeletal Muscle Ventricle / Q000639:trends