title: Cisapride 20 mg b.d. for preventing symptoms of GERD induced by a provocative meal. The CIS-USA-89 Study Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cisapride is a substituted piperidinyl benzamide indicated for the symptomatic treatment of patients with nocturnal heartburn due to gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The currently recommended dosing regimen for cisapride is 10 mg q.d.s., but the elimination half-life of 8-10 h supports b.d. dosing with 20 mg.
  
  
  METHODS
  This multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was undertaken to determine the efficacy and safety of cisapride 20 mg b.d. dosing in reducing or preventing heartburn and other meal-related symptoms after challenge with a provocative fatty meal. In phase 1 of the study, 137 patients with at least a 3-month history of symptoms suggestive of GERD and at least five episodes of GERD on 7-day diary were eligible to receive single-blind treatment with placebo for 7 (range +/- 3) days and then ingested a provocative meal. One hundred and twenty-two patients (45 men and 77 women, 22-65 years of age) who experienced heartburn during the 3 h after ingestion of the meal qualified for the double-blind phase of the study and were randomly assigned to either cisapride 20 mg or matching placebo b.d. for 7 (+/-3) days. At the end of this period, 118 patients again ate a fatty meal and were assessed for symptoms of GERD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heartburn was prevented in a significantly higher percentage of cisapride-treated patients (40%; 24 out of 60) than placebo-treated patients (21%; 12 out of 58) after the repeat provocative meal at the end of the double-blind phase (P = 0.017). Cisapride was also significantly more effective in reducing the severity of postprandial heartburn, belching, and regurgitation (P < 0.05). Twice-daily dosing with cisapride 20 mg was well tolerated; the number of cisapride- and placebo-treated patients who experienced at least one adverse event was similar (31% and 22%, respectively). The most common adverse events were diarrhoea (cisapride, 18%; placebo, 0%) and rhinitis (cisapride, 2%; placebo, 5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that cisapride 20 mg b.d. is effective in preventing or reducing symptoms of heartburn in patients who developed heartburn after ingesting a provocative fatty meal. Cisapride was also effective in reducing the severity of heartburn-related symptoms such as belching and regurgitation.
authors.affiliation: Allegheny University Hospitals, Graduate, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Castell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silvers
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Littlejohn
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Napolitano
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oleka
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jokubaitis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020117:Cisapride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006356:Heartburn / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D020117:Cisapride