title: Osteoporosis and exercise: a review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteoporosis is a widespread bone disorder which primarily effects postmenopausal women, with annual costs of six billion dollars. Several studies have looked at the potential value of exercise as an inexpensive and widely available treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using Medline, English-language articles published after 1989 in major medical journals and containing the key words 'exercise' and 'osteoporosis' were obtained. Selected prospective studies which included twenty or more subjects were reviewed with special attention to the exercise portion of the protocol. Studies felt to be historically important were also reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Quality of studies, design types and exercise intervention varied greatly. Detailed exercise protocols, high compliance rates and low drop-out rates appeared to favorably effect results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a whole, the literature suggests that exercise induced improvement in bone mineral density in select individuals. Based on the review the author suggests an ideal program.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sheth
mesh_terms: D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000628:therapy*