title: Elevation of urinary enzyme levels in rat bladder carcinogenesis.
abstract: Urinary enzyme levels were investigated in rats administered different promoters in their diet for 32 weeks after being initiated by treatment with 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine in their drinking water for 4 weeks. All groups were composed of 10 rats each. Group 1: females treated with 3% uracil (100% carcinoma incidence). Group 2: control females kept on basal diet only (0% carcinoma incidence). Group 3: males treated with 5% sodium L-ascorbate (100% carcinoma incidence). Group 4: control males (0% carcinoma incidence). Urine was collected at the end of weeks 12, 24 and 36 and tested for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminase and aspartate aminotransferase activity. To facilitate comparison, data were related to the corresponding excreted creatinine levels. All measurements were made using a centrifugal automatic analyzer. The urine of rats with cancer lesions (groups 1 and 3) showed significant elevation in all enzyme activities at weeks 24 and/or 36 except for LDH in females (group 1). The M/H ratio of the LDH isozymes was reversed (1.10 +/- 0.10) in the tested rats with carcinomas at week 36. This study thus provides evidence of a correlation between high urinary enzyme levels and cancer development in the rat bladder. Measurement of the tested enzymes might thus provide a method to detect malignant changes in bladder epithelium by direct urine analysis.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Youssef
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wanibuchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Salim
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukushima
mesh_terms: D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000652:urine*; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000652:urine*; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000652:urine*; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; D005260:Female; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013997:Time Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase