title: Identification of c-myc promoter-binding protein and X-box binding protein 1 as interleukin-6 target genes in human multiple myeloma cells.
abstract: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in the in vivo proliferation of malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma. To define the molecular basis of the IL-6-induced mitogenic response in myeloma cells, we applied STAR (subtractive transcriptional amplification of mRNA), a new differential expression analysis technology, to isolate mRNAs preferentially expressed in IL-6-treated versus untreated cultures of the factor-responsive myeloma cell line U266. From the resulting collection of STAR clones, sequence information was obtained for a total of 72 distinct transcripts. Of these, 29 were found to correspond to known genes, 22 matched expressed sequence tags in public databases and 21 showed no sequence similarity to any existing entries. Among the known genes uncovered in the screen were those encoding proteins that function in cell division, cell signalling and gene/protein expression. Northern blot analysis documented that two transcription factor genes chosen for further study, c-myc promoter-binding protein (MBP-1) and X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1), were up-regulated in U266 cells about 3-fold relative to the cell cycle-dependent beta-actin gene 12 h after IL-6 treatment. Both genes were also similarly up-regulated by IL-6 in factor-dependent ANBL-6 myeloma cells. These results indicate that MBP-1 and XBP-1 are IL-6 genes in myeloma cells; as such, they may play a role in IL-6-mediated growth control in multiple myeloma.
authors.affiliation: Oncology Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M1, Canada.
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Sooknanan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Hawley
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Reimold
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Glimcher
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Malek
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hawley
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000071701:Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013382:Subtraction Technique; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000071717:X-Box Binding Protein 1
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D000071701:Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000071717:X-Box Binding Protein 1; C000605543:XBP1 protein, human; C095157:ENO1 protein, human; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase