title: Metabolic responses of lactating dairy cows to 14-day intravenous infusions of glucagon.
abstract: Twenty cows were assigned at parturition to two groups to study metabolic effects of continuous intravenous infusions of glucagon. Groups were control cows and cows treated with glucagon at 10 mg/d for 14 d starting at d 21 postpartum. Daily blood samples and nine liver biopsies were taken from d 7 to 49 postpartum. Plasma glucagon increased six- to seven-fold during infusions of treated cows. Plasma insulin was increased heterogeneously by glucagon infusions. Plasma glucose increased 11.5 and 9.0 mg/dl during wk 1 and 2 of glucagon infusions. No other plasma metabolites tested (nonesterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and urea N) were affected by glucagon infusions. Liver glycogen decreased by d 2 of glucagon infusion but was repleted to preinfusion values by d 7 and increased to 169% of the preinfusion baseline values at 3 d after cessation of glucagon. Milk production decreased transiently during glucagon infusions. Both milk production and milk protein percentage decreased during glucagon infusion, which could imply a decreased availability of amino acids for milk protein synthesis. Feed intakes did not increase during glucagon infusions, which was in contrast to the control group. Results indicated that glucagon infusions caused liver glycogenolysis initially and probably enhanced gluconeogenesis but glucagon did not appear to increase lipolysis from adipose tissue in these early lactating dairy cows.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011-3150, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: She
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hippen
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Lindberg
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Beitz
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Tucker
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007700:Kinetics; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D008894:Milk Proteins; D006003:Glycogen; D005934:Glucagon; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid