title: Intradermal irritation of dental bleaching agents in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the irritative potential of three dental bleaching agents (hydrogen oxide, carbopol, and carbamide peroxide).
  
  
  METHODS
  In rats, Evans blue (2.5%, 1 mL.L-1) was injected i.v. and later each test solution was injected intradermally on the back. After the concentration of the dye in the stained skin area was determined by spectrophotometric analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the dental bleaching agents caused increase of vascular permeability and the intensity varied with the time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dental bleach agents had a great potential for irritating soft tissues.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá.
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Tokano-Ramos
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Pasccoto
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bersani-Amado
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000818:Animals; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000209:etiology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D008297:Male; D010545:Peroxides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014508:Urea / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010545:Peroxides; D011145:Polyvinyls; C006912:carboxypolymethylene; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide