title: Association of depressiveness with blunted growth hormone response to maximal physical exercise in young healthy men.
abstract: Blunted response of growth hormone secretion to several pharmacological challenges is present in depression, but much less is known about the relationship of depression and secretion of growth hormone elicited by physiological stimuli. Furthermore, it is not known whether blunted growth hormone response occurs in depressiveness as measured with psychometric scales. A total of 82 healthy male volunteers (age 18-26 years) exercised on a bicycle ergometer with incremental load to achieve their maximal performance. Before exercise, subjects filled in approbated versions of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Scale, Cohens Perceived Stress Scale, and Schwartzers Self-Efficacy Scale. Blood samples were collected before and after exercise, and growth hormone, cortisol, and testosterone were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Median perceived stress score of the subjects was identical to our population-based database median value, but the subjects had higher self-efficacy and lower depressiveness as shown by median values. In the majority of subjects, physical exercise induced remarkable increases in blood levels of the hormones. Cortisol and testosterone levels were not associated with the scores of psychometric scales. However, growth hormone response was virtually absent in high scorers (above median population score, n = 24) in BDI total score and the negative attitude subcomponent. Hence, this study demonstrates that growth hormone response to physiological stimuli is reduced in psychometrically measured depressiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Estonia. jharro@ut.ee
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harro
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rimm
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grauberg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karelson
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Viru
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D003863:Depression / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D013739:Testosterone; D006854:Hydrocortisone