title: Intensive lipid-lowering strategy in patients with diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of an intensive lipid-lowering strategy in diabetic subjects pursuing target plasma lipid levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), Type 1 or 2, with plasma lipid levels exceeding target values (LDL-cholesterol <2.6 mmol/l, triglycerides < 1.7 mmol/l, HDL-cholesterol > 0.9 mmol/l for men and > 1.1 mmol/l for women) were eligible. After 6-12 weeks of diet and glycaemic control, lipid-lowering medication (simvastatin/gemfibrozil/acipimox) was prescribed in steps of incremental dosages and combinations for 30 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all eligible clinic patients, 25% initially responded and finally 12% were entered. Thirty-six patients with Type 1 and 59 with Type 2 DM were studied. Mean baseline lipid levels in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic subjects were: LDL-cholesterol 3.6 and 3.7 mmol/l, triglycerides 1.7 and 2.2 mmol/l, HDL-cholesterol for men 1.1 and 1.0 mmol/l, and for women 1.4 and 1.2 mmol/l, respectively. All three target values were reached in 66% of the patients. LDL-cholesterol was reduced by 1.2 mmol/l in Type 1 and 1.3 mmol/l in Type 2 diabetic patients and triglycerides by 0.7 mmol/l and 1.1 mmol/l, respectively. HDL-cholesterol increased by 0.15 mmol/l and 0.34 mmol/l in men and women with Type 1 diabetes mellitus, respectively. The cholesterol-triglyceride ratio decreased significantly in VLDL in Type 1 diabetes and in IDL in Type 2 diabetes and increased significantly in HDL in Type 2 DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A minority of subjects eligible for intensive lipid lowering agreed to participate in a feasibility study, suggesting a potentially large compliance problem for a general lipid-lowering programme in a diabetes clinic. Nevertheless, intensive lipid lowering with drug combinations can attain the recommended target lipid levels in 66% of subjects with diabetes. With this strategy the plasma lipoprotein composition shifts towards a less atherogenic profile. Subjects with diabetes should therefore receive lipid-lowering therapy tailored to reach target levels, rather than standard dosages, in order to reduce atherogenic risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Utrecht University Hospital, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Kanters
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algra
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: de Bruint
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Erkelens
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Banga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D015248:Gemfibrozil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008074:Lipoproteins; D011719:Pyrazines; D014280:Triglycerides; D019821:Simvastatin; C027696:acipimox; D015248:Gemfibrozil