title: Elements regulating the transcription of human interstitial retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) gene in cultured retinoblastoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors involved in the expression of human IRBP gene.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transient transfection of WERI-Rb1 and HeLa cells, DNase 1 footprinting, gel mobility-shift assay and yeast one-hybrid system were used to study the regulatory elements that are involved in the expression of human IRBP gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A region between -1620 and -1411 was shown to have enhancer properties. Using nuclear extracts from WERI-Rb1 and HeLa cells, four footprints were identified in the proximal promoter region (-206 to +68). The core promoter element IP1 binds to OTX2 in the yeast one-hybrid system. By cotransfecting HeLa cells, OTX2 could transactivate the irbp promoter. The functions of IP2 (from -119 to -86) and IP3 (from -183 to -147) remain to be determined. The region containing the HeLa cell-specific footprint IP4 (from -202 to -180) could silence the OTX2 transactivation of the irbp promoter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 5'-flanking region of irbp contains an enhancer sequence. The possible silencer upstream from the core promoter may serve to suppress expression of irbp in HeLa cells. When the proximal promoter is used to identify binding proteins in a human retina library by the yeast one hybrid system, nine of the identified clones contained the cDNA sequence for the homeodomain protein OTX2. Since no clones for the homeodomain protein CRX were found, and since OTX2 can transcriptionally activate irbp in normally non-expressing HeLa cells, it is possible that OTX2 rather than CRX is the transcriptional activator for irbp in human photoreceptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis 46202, USA. sfong@iupui.edu
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Fong
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000502:physiology; D004586:Electrophoresis; D005136:Eye Proteins; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D051857:Otx Transcription Factors; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000099214:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Interstitial
chemical_list: D005136:Eye Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D051857:Otx Transcription Factors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000099214:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Interstitial; C497659:OTX2 protein, human