title: Studies on interactions between traditional herbal and Western medicines. I. Effects of Sho-seiryu-to on the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine in rats.
abstract: The effects of oral co- and pre-administration of Sho-seiryu-to extract powder (TJ-19, 1 g/kg), a widely used Kampo (traditional Chinese herbal) medicine, on the pharmacokinetics of an anti-epileptic drug, carbamazepine (CBZ), and its active metabolite (carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, CBZ-E) after oral administration of CBZ (50 mg/kg) were examined in male rats. The simultaneous administration of TJ-19 significantly lengthened the time to reach the peak plasma concentration (Tmax), but did not influence the peak plasma concentration, area under the plasma concentration-time curve or terminal elimination half-life (t1/2). Each parameter for CBZ or CBZ-E with a single pretreatment with TJ-19 was not significantly different from that with the vehicle. Tmax and the elimination rate constant for CBZ were significantly increased by 1-week repeated pretreatment with TJ-19, by 83% (p<0.01) and 88% (p<0.001), respectively. t1/2 and the mean residence time from zero to infinity (MRT0-infinity) in the TJ-19 pretreatment group were significantly shortened, by 52 and 34% (p<0.005), respectively. No significant difference in the bound fraction of each drug at two concentrations (1 and 10 microg/ml) was observed between the control and TJ-19 pretreatment groups. These results indicate that simultaneous oral administration of TJ-19 delays the oral absorption of CBZ, while 1-week repeated pretreatment with TJ-19 accelerates the metabolism of CBZ in rats, without affecting the protein binding of CBZ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yonekawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakasako
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuroda
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D041743:Herb-Drug Interactions; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008517:Phytotherapy; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C090832:sho-seiryu-to; D002220:Carbamazepine