Overexpression of endothelium nitric oxide synthase reverses the diminished vasorelaxation in the hindlimb vasculature in ischemic heart failure in vivo.
After myocardial infarction (MI), nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasorelaxation is attenuated in both conduit and resistance arteries. To determine if the attenuated vasorelaxation after MI is due to downregulation of eNOS protein, pharmacological, immunoblotting, and gene transfer of eNOS were performed in rats 3 weeks after MI. Gene transfer was accomplished using a "first-generation" serotype 5, replication-deficient, adenoviral vector (1.2 x 10(9) pfus) containing eNOS cDNA in the hindlimb vasculature for 30 min. Five days after infection, overexpression of eNOS protein was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and immunoblotting. Recombinant gene expression was localized primarily to the vascular endothelial cells. After MI, eNOS protein level decreased (3.3 +/- 0.9 vs 2.1 +/- 0.8 intensity units/microg protein, n=6, P<0.05); after gene transfer it increased (P<0.05) two-fold to 4.3 +/- 1.2 intensity units/microg protein, n=5. There were no changes in hemodynamics in MI rats transfected with eNOS. Acetylcholine (ACh)-stimulated vasorelaxation was decreased (P<0.05) by 30% after MI and was restored to normal with eNOS transfection. Addition of 100 microm NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) abolished the difference between sham, MI, and MI transfected rats. L-arginine (1 mm) restored the ACh-response in MI-transfected rats toward control, but it did not eliminate the difference between MI and sham rats. We conclude that the attenuated endothelial NO-mediated vasorelaxation in the hindlimb after MI is due to a downregulation of eNOS protein and overexpression of eNOS transgene restores normal endothelial NO-mediated vasorelaxation.
Gaballa
M A
MA
Department of Internal Medicine, Tucson VA Medical Center, Tucson, AZ 85723 USA.
Goldman
S
S
D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010477:Perfusion; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014162:Transfection; D019076:Transgenes; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D010656:Phenylephrine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000109:Acetylcholine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester