title: MN/CA9 gene expression as a potential biomarker in renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the levels of MN/CA9 expression with clinicopathological variables in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and thus evaluate MN/CA9 expression as a possible biomarker for RCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  The level of expression of MN/CA9 was evaluated in 76 surgically obtained tissue samples (49 from RCC, 22 from normal kidney and five from oncocytoma) using semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. In RCC, MN/CA9 expression was compared with stage, grade and cell type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MN/CA9 was expressed in 42 of 49 (86%) RCC samples, but in only two of 22 (9%) normal kidney and none of five oncocytoma samples. Levels of MN/CA9 expression were significantly higher in tumours consisting only of clear cells than in those containing other cell types (P=0.0189), and MN/CA9 was expressed in 34 of 37 (92%) RCC samples consisting only of clear cells. Tumours of low clinical stage showed a striking increase in MN/CA9 expression, and high MN/CA9 expression was associated with a good patient outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that MN/CA9 expression is a potential diagnostic biomarker of RCC, especially the clear-cell type, and can be targeted using molecular biological techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanayama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kagawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases