title: Relationships between bone mineral density, serum vitamin D metabolites and calcium:phosphorus intake in healthy perimenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationships between serum vitamin D metabolites, bone mass, and dietary calcium and phosphorus in a cohort of 510 healthy Danish perimenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 510 healthy women aged 45-58 years, with amenorrhoea for 3-24 months. None of the women was using hormone replacement therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurements of total bone mineral content and regional bone mineral density were performed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Analyses of serum levels of 25-OHD and 1,25-(OH)2D, intact PTH, ionized calcium and phosphate, as well as biochemical markers of bone turnover in blood and urine. Assessment of calcium and phosphorus intake using dietary records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A consistent inverse relationship between serum 1,25-(OH)2D and bone mineral content/ density was found in whole-body mineral content (P = 0.001), spine (P = 0.005) and femoral neck (P<0.05). There was a positive relationship between levels of 1,25-(OH)2D and biochemical bone markers, indicating that high levels of 1,25-(OH)2D are accompanied by increased bone turnover. The dietary calcium:phosphorus ratio was inversely related to serum 1,25-(OH)2D (P = 0.04) and positively related to bone mineral density (P<0.0005). No relationships could be detected between levels of PTH, serum ionized calcium and phosphate, and serum vitamin D metabolites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within normal physiological range, elevated levels of 1,25-(OH)2D were associated with decreased bone mineral density and content, reduced calcium:phosphorus ratio in the diet and increased bone turnover.
authors.affiliation: Osteoporosis Research Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen Municipal Hospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brot
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: O R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: O H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Sørensen
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D015519:Bone Density; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003718:Denmark; D015930:Diet Records; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D017697:Premenopause; D012016:Reference Values; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary; D014807:Vitamin D; C097949:1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D