title: Improved success rate in reoperative parathyroidectomy with intraoperative PTH assay.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The clinical usefulness of preoperative localization and intraoperative PTH assay (QPTH) in primary hyperparathyroidism have been established. However, without the use of QPTH, the parathyroidectomy failure rate remains 5% to 10% in large reported series and is probably much higher in the hands of less experienced parathyroid surgeons. Persistent hypercalcemia requires another surgical procedure. The authors compared the outcomes in 50 consecutive patients undergoing more difficult secondary parathyroidectomy with and without the adjunctive support of QPTH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of similar patients underwent reoperative parathyroidectomy for failed surgery or recurrent disease. The successful return to normocalcemia in group I, with QPTH used to localize and confirm complete excision of all hyperfunctioning glands, was compared with group II, who did not have this intraoperative adjunct.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 31/33 patients in group I, calcium levels returned to normal. With good preoperative localization studies, 17 patients underwent successful straightforward parathyroidectomies as predicted by QPTH. In the other 14 patients, QPTH assay proved extremely beneficial by facilitating localization with differential venous sampling; measuring the increase in hormone secretion after massage of specific areas; recognizing suspicious nonparathyroid tissue excised without a decrease in hormone levels, avoiding frozen-section delay; and correctly identifying the excision of abnormal tissue despite false-positive/false-negative sestamibi scans. In group II, who underwent surgery before QPTH was available, 4 of 17 patients (24%) remained hypercalcemic after extensive reexploration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the intraoperative hormone assay used to facilitate localization and confirm excision of all hyperfunctioning tissue, the success rate of reoperative parathyroidectomy has improved from 76% to 94%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial and Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Florida 33101, USA.
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Irvin
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Molinari
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Figueroa
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Carneiro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000601:surgery*; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D012074:Remission Induction; D012086:Reoperation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D002118:Calcium