title: Association of the course of collagen-induced arthritis with distinct patterns of cytokine and chemokine messenger RNA expression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantitate changes in cytokine and chemokine messenger RNA (mRNA) levels during the development and progression of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice with CIA were scored for arthritis and killed at weekly intervals. Cytokine and chemokine mRNA levels were determined by RNase protection assays of total paw RNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Arthritic paws exhibited mRNA levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-2, macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), IL-6, IL-1 receptor antagonist, RANTES, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), TNFbeta, MIP-1alpha, IL-11, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1), TGFbeta2, and TGFbeta3 that were increased above mRNA levels in paws of normal, unimmunized mice and that exhibited distinct temporal patterns of mRNA expression. Clinically uninvolved paws also exhibited an increase in mRNA levels of IL-11, RANTES, TNFalpha, TNFbeta, and MIP-1alpha.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed differential temporal cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression patterns suggest that specific cytokines and chemokines have defined roles at various times during the course of autoimmune arthritis. Since most of these cytokines and chemokines are found in human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium and synovial fluids, these findings may have relevance to RA.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Duwel
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Boivin
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hirsch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002417:Cattle; D018925:Chemokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003094:Collagen