title: First-trimester ultrasound diagnosis of holoprosencephaly: three case reports.
abstract: We present three cases of fetal holoprosencephaly diagnosed by transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound examinations at 10 and 13 weeks' gestation. The diagnosis was based on two sonographic criteria: first, the intracranial finding of a single ventricle with a cerebral mantle and no visible midline structures but fusion of the thalami and corpus striatum; and, second, facial abnormalities, including hypotelorism. The ultrasound findings were confirmed by embryoscopy before abortion in one case and by pathological examination after abortion in two cases. Chromosome study of the three fetuses showed trisomy 18, triploidy and mosaic 18p deletion and duplication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000032:Abortion, Therapeutic; D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005865:Gestational Age; D016142:Holoprosencephaly / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*