title: Inhibition by D-limonene of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.
abstract: The effect of prolonged oral administration of D-limonene on gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and on the labeling and apoptotic indices of gastric cancers were investigated in Wistar rats. After 25 weeks of the carcinogen treatment, rats were given chow pellets containing 1% or 2% limonene. In week 52, long-term oral administration of 2%, but not 1%, limonene significantly decreased the incidence of gastric cancers. Limonene also significantly decreased the labeling index and significantly increased the apoptotic index of gastric cancers. No K-ras mutations were detected in gastric cancers induced by MNNG in either group. These findings indicate that limonene inhibits the development of gastric cancers through increased apoptosis and decreased DNA synthesis of gastric cancers, but not through ras oncoprotein plasma membrane association.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Japan. nory@highway.or.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uedo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatsuta
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iishi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otani
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis; D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000077222:Limonene; D008297:Male; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D013729:Terpenes; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D000077222:Limonene