title: Hypodermic needles: a new source of penetrating ocular trauma in Indian children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinico-microbiologic profile and visual prognosis of ocular injuries caused by disposable hypodermic needles used by children to squirt water.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed 19 consecutive cases of hypodermic needle injury seen at our institute.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average age of the patients was 10.3 years (range, 4-20 years). A small self-sealed corneal or scleral laceration was seen in 11 eyes; in 8 eyes, the site of injury was occult. Initial visual acuity was no light perception (3 eyes) or hand motion or light perception (16 eyes). Surgery in 18/19 eyes included vitrectomy with intraocular antibiotic injections for endophthalmitis (14 eyes), evisceration for panophthalmitis (2 eyes), and cataract extraction for traumatic cataract (2 eyes). Final visual acuity was no light perception or light perception only in 10 eyes, 20/400-20/60 in three eyes, and 20/40 or better in six eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe ocular morbidity may result from improper disposal of hypodermic needles.
authors.affiliation: Retina Vitreous Services, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jalali
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Majji
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002386:Cataract / Q000209:etiology; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D016602:Needlestick Injuries / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents