Production of atypical measles in rhesus macaques: evidence for disease mediated by immune complex formation and eosinophils in the presence of fusion-inhibiting antibody.
The severe disease atypical measles occurred when individuals immunized with a poorly protective inactivated vaccine contracted measles, and was postulated to be due to a lack of fusion-inhibiting antibodies. Here, rhesus macaques immunized with formalin-inactivated measles vaccine developed transient neutralizing and fusion-inhibiting antibodies, but no cytotoxic T-cell response. Subsequent infection with measles virus caused an atypical rash and pneumonitis, accompanied by immune complex deposition and an increase in eosinophils. Fusion-inhibiting antibody appeared earlier in these monkeys than in non-immunized monkeys. These data indicate that atypical measles results from previous priming for a nonprotective type 2 CD4 T-cell response rather than from lack of functional antibody against the fusion protein.
Polack
F P
FP
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Auwaerter
P G
PG
Lee
S H
SH
Nousari
H C
HC
Valsamakis
A
A
Leiferman
K M
KM
Diwan
A
A
Adams
R J
RJ
Griffin
D E
DE
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000276:immunology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000378:metabolism; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated