title: Regulated expression patterns of IRX-2, an Iroquois-class homeobox gene, in the human breast.
abstract: In the mouse mammary gland, homeobox gene expression patterns suggest roles in development and neoplasia. In the human breast, we now identify a family of Iroquois-class (IRX) homeobox genes. One gene, IRX-2, is expressed in discrete epithelial cell lineages being found in ductal and lobular epithelium, but not in myoepithelium. Expression is absent from associated mesenchymal adipose stroma. During gland development, expression is concentrated in terminal end buds and terminal lobules and is reduced in a subset of epithelial cells during lactation. In contrast to observations for many homeobox genes in the mouse mammary gland in which homeobox gene expression is lost on neoplastic progression, IRX-2 expression is maintained in human mammary neoplasias. Data suggest IRX-2 functions in epithelial cell differentiation and demonstrate regulated expression during ductal and lobular proliferation as well as lactation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Sinsheimer Laboratories, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Strickland
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Daniel
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001940:Breast / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007774:Lactation; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C114857:IRX 2