title: Enhanced thermogenesis in rats by a composite Indian herbal preparation-I and its mechanism of action.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A composite Indian herbal preparation-I (CIHP-I) containing ingredients derived from 7 different plants and asphalt was tested for its adaptogenic activity and its mechanism of action was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  CIHP-I was tested using the cold-hypoxia-restraint (C-H-R) animal model in which the restrained rats were exposed to 5 degrees C at 428 mm Hg atmospheric pressure. Rectal temperature (Trec) of the rats was continuously monitored during the exposure and the recovery periods. The time for fall of Trec to 23 degrees C and its recovery to 37 degrees C were used as indices of endurance and the adaptogenic activity. Carbohydrate and lipid parameters were investigated to find out the nature of fuel being used during thermogenesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 12 weeks of administration of an oral dose of 7.5 mg/kg(-1)/day(-1), CIHP-I was found to possess significant adaptogenic activity. CIHP-I helped improve resistance to C-H-R induced hypothermia (Trec 23 degrees C) in animals by increased mobilization of free fatty acids (FFA) from adipose tissue. Blood glucose and muscle glycogen levels were maintained. CIHP-I treatment restricted the release of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) into the circulation during C-H-R exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that CIHP-I is a strong adaptogen. It improved cold resistance during C-H-R exposure and enhanced recovery from hypothermia. The energy-dependent cell membrane permeability was maintained. Stored lipids were mobilised and possibly used for thermogenesis in preference to carbohydrates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shyam
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Divekar
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; D010936:Plant Extracts; C006647:asphalt