title: Surgical challenge of massive bilateral staghorn renal calculi in a spinal cord injury patient.
abstract: We report a rare case of massive bilateral staghorn calculi in a spinal cord injury patient with significant renal compromise. The patient was successfully treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy to achieve a stone-free status. The various options of treatment are discussed with special attention to the technical aspects necessary to achieve complete eradication of the stone burden during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Furthermore, the importance of treating bladder dysfunction and urinary metabolic abnormalities is emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Palo Alto, Calif., USA. mmissa@aol.com
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Issa
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Myrick
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Perkash
mesh_terms: D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000150:complications; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014563:Urodynamics