title: Use of transcatheter arterial infusion of anticancer agents with lipiodol to prevent recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hepatectomy has been accepted as a reliable cure for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the residual liver recurrence rate after hepatectomy remains high. To improve the prognosis after hepatectomy for HCC, repeated post-operative transcatheter arterial infusions of anticancer drugs and lipiodol (TAI) was given. This study evaluates the efficacy of this treatment for preventing residual liver recurrence after hepatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  TAI after hepatectomy was performed in 24 (TAI group) of 65 cases showing tumor invasion such as infiltration to the capsule, intraportal spread, and intrahepatic metastasis. In TAI, a mixture of Mitomycin C (MMC) and Adriamycin (ADM) is administered with lipiodol via the hepatic artery. The recurrence and survival rates of the TAI (n = 24) and non-TAI (n = 41) groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy of TAI after hepatectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TAI group had a lower cumulative residual liver recurrence rate than the non-TAI group (p < 0.01). Division of residual liver recurrence cases into two groups according to the duration of recurrence showed that the rate of recurrence within 1 year after hepatectomy was lower in the TAI group (10.0%) (1/10) than in the non-TAI group (48.4%) (15/31) (p = 0.07). Also, the cumulative survival rate in the TAI group was significantly higher (p < 0.05). The morbidity rate was 16.6%. Bilomas occurred without infection in 2 cases, and liver abscess in one.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TAI may be an effective surgical adjuvant against residual liver recurrence, and we suggest that its effectiveness results from suppression of intrahepatic micrometastases rather than multicentric carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Togo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sekido
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D007459:Iodized Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016685:Mitomycin; D007459:Iodized Oil; D004317:Doxorubicin