title: The hazards of vinyl glove ingestion in the mentally retarded patient with pica: new implications for surgical management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report experience with the treatment of complications of vinyl glove ingestion in mentally retarded patients with pica.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two university-affiliated hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five mentally retarded patients, 4 with a history of pica, who were admitted for the management of complications resulting from the ingestion of vinyl gloves.
  
  
  METHODS
  Type of complication, treatment and operative outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients ranged in age from 26 to 46 years. One patient died while awaiting surgical consultation of massive gastrointestinal bleeding from a large gastric ulcer caused by a vinyl glove bezoar (VGB). Four VGBs were removed surgically. Endoscopic removal was difficult or impossible because the gloves had become hardened and matted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VGB should be considered in institutionalized mentally retarded people with a history of pica when they present with gastrointestinal symptoms. VGBs should be removed directly by laparotomy, gastrotomy or enterotomy. Endoscopic removal is not recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Paquette
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001630:Bezoars / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications*; D005932:Gloves, Surgical; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010842:Pica / Q000150:complications*; D011145:Polyvinyls; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D011145:Polyvinyls