title: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal adrenal masses: differentiation between hemorrhage and solid tumor by color Doppler sonography.
abstract: We present four cases of fetal adrenal masses detected by routine prenatal ultrasound, of which three were adrenal hemorrhages and one was a fetal neuroblastoma. The differential diagnoses of fetal adrenal mass include adrenal hemorrhage, neuroblastoma, adrenal and cortical renal cysts, pulmonary sequestrations, duplication of the renoureteral system and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. These can pose a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. A systematic comparison of the pre- and postnatal sonographic features including color Doppler imaging may help to differentiate adrenal hemorrhage from neuroblastoma prenatally.
authors.affiliation: Fetal Medicine Unit, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schwärzler
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Senat
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ville
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal