Effects of activation and blockade of P2x receptors in the ventrolateral medulla on arterial pressure and sympathetic activity.
Sympathoexcitatory and sympathoinhibitory neurons in the rostral and caudal ventrolateral medulla (VLM) play a crucial role in the tonic and reflex control of sympathetic vasomotor activity. Recent evidence also indicates that the VLM contains a high density of P2x purinoceptors. In this study, we investigated the cardiovascular effects of selective activation of P2x purinoceptors in the rostral and caudal VLM, and the effects of blockade of P2x purinoceptors in the rostral VLM on the tonic and reflex control of sympathetic vasomotor activity. In anesthetized barodenervated rabbits, microinjection into the rostral and caudal VLM of the P2x purinoceptor agonist, alpha,beta-methylene adenosine triphosphate (alpha,beta-meATP) (4-400 pmol) elicited dose-dependent increases and decreases, respectively, in arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). The response evoked by alpha,beta-meATP in the rostral VLM was blocked by prior injection into the same site of the P2 purinoceptor antagonist suramin but not by the ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenic acid. Bilateral injections of suramin into the rostral VLM sympathoexcitatory region had no significant effect on resting cardiovascular variables, nor on the reflex increase in RSNA evoked by sciatic nerve stimulation (which is known to be mediated by the rostral VLM sympathoexcitatory neurons). The results demonstrate that: (1) activation of P2x purinoceptors in the VLM are capable of producing marked excitation of both sympathoexcitatory and sympathoinhibitory neurons; (2) these effects are not due to modulation of glutamatergic inputs to these neurons; and (3) P2x purinoceptors do not play a significant role in maintaining the tonic activity of rostral VLM sympathoexcitatory neurons or in modulating their responses to excitatory synaptic inputs evoked by stimulation of sciatic nerve afferents.
Horiuchi
J
J
Department of Physiology and Institute of Biomedical Research, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. joujiho@res.yamanashi-med.ac.jp
Potts
P D
PD
Tagawa
T
T
Dampney
R A
RA
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation; D007736:Kynurenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008845:Microinjections; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D011817:Rabbits; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000502:physiology; D013498:Suramin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*
D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D013498:Suramin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D007736:Kynurenic Acid; C002630:alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate