Immunolocalization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its receptors in inflammatory myopathies.
Adhesion molecule upregulation occurs in inflammatory myopathies, and is one of the myriad functions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). TNF-alpha acts via two different receptors of 55 (TNF-R55) and 75 kD (TNF-R75). We immunolocalized TNF-alpha and its receptors in polymyositis, inclusion body myositis and dermatomyositis. In each myopathy, TNF-alpha was detected in macrophages, in myonuclei in regenerating muscle fibers, and freely dispersed in endomysial or perimysial connective tissue. Many endothelial cells in dermatomyositis expressed TNF-alpha. TNF-R55 was strongly expressed on myonuclei of regenerating muscle fibers. TNF-R75 was increased on endothelial cells in the midst of inflammatory infiltrates in each myopathy, and on perifascicular and perimysial endothelia, remote from inflammatory foci in dermatomyositis. Possible TNF-alpha-mediated effects include: increased transendothelial cell trafficking, activation of T/B cells and macrophages, induction of MHC-I gene products, and focal muscle fiber atrophy. In dermatomyositis, the upregulated TNF-R75, via its consensus elements for transcription factors, may be involved in endothelial cell degeneration. Strong TNF-R55 expression on regenerating myonuclei is consistent with a role of TNF-alpha and TNF-R55 in muscle regeneration.
Neurology Department, University Hospital, Gent, Belgium. jan.debleecker@rug.ac.be
J L
JL
De Bleecker
V I
VI
Meire
W
W
Declercq
E H
EH
Van Aken
D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D003882:Dermatomyositis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009220:Myositis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018979:Myositis, Inclusion Body / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017285:Polymyositis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
D015703:Antigens, CD; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha