Subcellular localization, stoichiometry, and protein levels of 26 S proteasome subunits in yeast.
The 26 S proteasome of eukaryotes is responsible for the degradation of proteins targeted for proteolysis by the ubiquitin system. Yeast has been an important model organism for understanding eukaryotic proteasome structure and function. Toward a quantitative characterization of the proteasome, we have determined the localization, cellular levels, and stoichiometry of proteasome subunits. The subcellular localization of two ATPase components of the regulatory complex of the proteasome, Sug2/Rpt4 and Sug1/Rpt6, and a subunit of the 20 S proteasome, Pre1, were determined by immunofluorescence. In contrast to findings in multicellular organisms, these proteins are localized almost exclusively to the nucleus throughout the cell cycle. We have also determined the cellular abundance and stoichiometry of these proteasome subunits. Sug1/Rpt6, Sug2/Rpt4, and Pre1 are present in roughly equal stoichiometry with an abundance of 15,000-30,000 molecules/cell, corresponding to a concentration of 13-26 microM in the nucleus. Also, in contrast to mammalian cells, we find no evidence of a p27-containing "modulator" of the proteasome in yeast. This information will be useful in comparing and contrasting the yeast and mammalian proteasomes and should contribute to a mechanistic understanding of how this complex functions.
Russell
S J
SJ
Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235-8573, USA.
Steger
K A
KA
Johnston
S A
SA
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D000939:Epitopes / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
D000939:Epitopes; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; C061553:ATP dependent 26S protease