Histochemical localisation of mitochondrial enzyme activity in human optic nerve and retina.
OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate the quantitative distribution of mitochondrial enzymes within the human optic nerve and retina in relation to the pathogenesis of ophthalmic disease.


METHODS
Enucleations were performed at the time of multiple organ donation and the optic nerve and peripapillary retina immediately excised en bloc and frozen. Reactivities of the mitochondrial enzymes cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase were demonstrated in serial cryostat sections using specific histochemical assays.


RESULTS
In the optic nerve the unmyelinated prelaminar and laminar regions were rich in both cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase. Myelination of fibres as they exited the lamina cribrosa was associated with an abrupt reduction in enzyme activity. Within the retina, high levels of enzyme activity were found localised within the retinal ganglion cells and nerve fibre layer, the outer plexiform layer, inner segments of photoreceptors, and the retinal pigment epithelium.


CONCLUSIONS
Mitochondrial enzyme activity is preserved in human optic nerve and retina retrieved at the time of multiple organ donation. The distribution of enzyme activity within the eye has implications for the understanding of the pattern of ophthalmic involvement seen in mitochondrial diseases and the site of ganglion cell dysfunction in those patients with optic nerve involvement.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne.
R M
RM
Andrews
P G
PG
Griffiths
M A
MA
Johnson
D M
DM
Turnbull
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000378:metabolism*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000201:enzymology; D012160:Retina / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial