Interleukin-12 therapy of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma induces lesion regression and cytotoxic T-cell responses.
Progression of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is associated with profound defects in cell-mediated immunity and depressed production of cytokines, which support cell-mediated immunity. Because we have observed marked defects in interleukin-12 (IL-12) production in CTCL and because IL-12 is critical for antitumor cytotoxic T-cell responses, we initiated a phase I dose escalation trial with recombinant human IL-12 (rhIL-12) where patients received either 50, 100, or 300 ng/kg rhIL-12 twice weekly subcutaneously or intralesionally for up to 24 weeks. Ten patients were entered: 5 with extensive plaque, 3 with Sezary syndrome, and 2 with extensive tumors with large cell transformation. One patient with Sezary syndrome dropped out after 1 week for personal reasons. Subcutaneous dosing resulted in complete responses (CR) in 2 of 5 plaque and partial responses (PR) in 2 of 5 plaque, and 1 of 2 Sezary syndrome (overall response rate CR+PR 5 of 9, 56%). A minor response also occurred in 1 of 5 plaque patients. Intralesional dosing resulted in individual tumor regression in 2 of 2 patients. Biopsy of regressing lesions showed a significant decrease in the density of the infiltrate in all cases and complete resolution of the infiltrate among those with clinical lesion resolution. An increase in numbers of CD8-positive and/or TIA-1-positive T cells were observed on immunohistochemical analysis of skin biopsy specimens obtained from regressing skin lesions. Adverse effects of rhIL-12 on this regimen were minor and limited and included low-grade fever and headache. One patient discontinued rhIL-12 at week 6 because of depression. These results suggest that rhIL-12 may augment antitumor cytotoxic T-cell responses and may represent a potent and well-tolerated therapeutic agent for CTCL.
Rook
A H
AH
Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. arook@mail.med.upenn.edu
Wood
G S
GS
Yoo
E K
EK
Elenitsas
R
R
Kao
D M
DM
Sherman
M L
ML
Witmer
W K
WK
Rockwell
K A
KA
Shane
R B
RB
Lessin
S R
SR
Vonderheid
E C
EC
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D016410:Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012074:Remission Induction; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018664:Interleukin-12