Overtime, psychosocial working conditions, and occurrence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese men.
OBJECTIVE
To ascertain the effects of overtime and psychosocial job conditions on the occurrence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in Japan.


METHODS
An eight year prospective cohort study.


METHODS
An electrical company in Japan.


METHODS
In 1984, a mailed questionnaire was sent to industrial workers of an electrical company in Japan. After excluding those who had a history of diabetes mellitus or other chronic diseases, 2597 male respondents were prospectively followed up for the succeeding eight years. Data from 2194 (84%) who were completely followed up were analysed. The occurrence of NIDDM during the follow up period was assessed according to the WHO criteria on the basis of an annual screening programme.


RESULTS
The age adjusted incidence of NIDDM was significantly higher in those who worked overtime more than 50 hours per month than in those who worked 25 hours or less per month (p < 0.05). It was significantly higher in those who worked with new technology at baseline than in those who did not (p < 0.05). Cox's proportional hazard model indicated that those who worked overtime more than 50 hours per month had 3.7 times higher risk of NIDDM after controlling for known risk factors (p < 0.01) and those who worked with new technology had 2.4 times higher risk of NIDDM (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
It is suggested that longer overtime and use of new technology are risk factors of NIDDM in Japanese men.
Kawakami
N
N
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Araki
S
S
Takatsuka
N
N
Shimizu
H
H
Ishibashi
H
H
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance / Q000523:psychology*