Normalization of information processing deficits in schizophrenia with clozapine.
OBJECTIVE
The authors tested the hypothesis that the use of an atypical drug, clozapine, for patients with schizophrenia is related to less impairment in information processing deficits (assessed by prepulse inhibition of the startle response) than is the use of typical antipsychotics.


METHODS
Two groups of schizophrenic patients--receiving either clozapine or a range of typical antipsychotics--were tested for prepulse inhibition (a reduction in response to a starting stimulus, if preceded briefly by a weak, nonstartling stimulus; measured at prepulse-to-pulse intervals of 30 msec, 60 msec, and 120 msec) of the acoustic startle response and compared with a group of healthy volunteers.


RESULTS
Patients receiving typical antipsychotics showed less prepulse inhibition with 30-msec and 60-msec prepulse trials than did comparison subjects. Clozapine-treated patients showed normal levels of prepulse inhibition.


CONCLUSIONS
Clozapine is superior to typical antipsychotics in normalizing prepulse inhibition, presumably because of its pharmacological effects on prefrontal regions of the brain or its effects on a broader range of neuroreceptors.
Kumari
V
V
Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London, U.K.
Soni
W
W
Sharma
T
T
D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology; D003024:Clozapine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003024:Clozapine