Maternal cigarette smoking increases F2-isoprostanes and reduces prostacyclin and nitric oxide in umbilical vessels.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of smoking on F2-isoprostanes, prostacylin and nitric oxide in human umbilical vessels. Umbilical cords from 13 babies of smoking mothers and from 28 babies of non-smoking mothers were examined for levels of F2-isoprostanes, prostacyclin, L-arginine, and L-citrulline. Forty-one umbilical arteries and eleven umbilical veins were analyzed. Statistical analysis of data was done using modified t-test. Cigarette smoking increased F2-isoprostane levels and reduced the generation of prostacyclin, L-arginine and L-citrulline comparably in umbilical arteries and veins. Notably, in umbilical cords of babies of non-smoking mothers the F2-isoprostane level was significantly higher in arteries. Cigarette smoking correlates with a direct vasoconstrictive effect. We suggest that smoking might enhance the vasoconstrictory capacity in umbilical arteries by increased F2-isoprostanes and by a simultaneous decrease in the production of the vasodilatory compounds, prostacyclin, and nitric oxide.
Obwegeser
R
R
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Vienna, Austria. Reinhard.obwegeser@akn-wien.ac.at
Oguogho
A
A
Ulm
M
M
Berghammer
P
P
Sinzinger
H
H
D000328:Adult; D001120:Arginine / Q000097:blood; D002956:Citrulline / Q000097:blood; D003545:Cysteine / Q000097:blood; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000378:metabolism*; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects
D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D002956:Citrulline; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D015237:Dinoprost; D011464:Epoprostenol; D015232:Dinoprostone; D003545:Cysteine