Peanut oil in vitamin A and D preparations: reactions to skin test and manifestation of symptoms.
The aim of this study was to establish whether there is a link between sensitisation to peanut and exposure to peanut oil in vitamin A and D preparations. Forty-one children with a positive in vivo or in vitro test towards peanut were included. Twenty-one children had consumed vitamins A and D in oil solution, 14 in water solution, and 6 both types. Refined and unrefined peanut oils were obtained and skin prick test extracts were prepared. None of the children exhibited a positive SPT in response to the refined peanut extract. In contrast, 15 children exhibited a positive SPT to the unrefined extract. There was no significant difference in the number of children reacting clinically to peanut exposure who had received vitamins A and D in oil-based or water-based formulations. However, children with clinical allergy to peanut and who had exclusively consumed vitamin A and D in peanut oil, exhibited a greater number of different allergic symptoms upon consumption of peanut compared with clinical allergic children who had consumed the vitamins in water solution or both types (p<0.01). This study indicates that sensitisation to peanut during childhood through consumption of vitamins A and D in oil-based solution seems unlikely, but its consumption may contribute to the development of a wider range of clinical symptoms due to peanut exposure.
Department of Environmental Health, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
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I
Kull
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Hallner
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Lilja
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Ohman-Johansson
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Oman
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Wickman
D000293:Adolescent; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D000074241:Peanut Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012882:Skin Tests; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000737:chemistry*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000737:chemistry*
D000485:Allergens; D000074241:Peanut Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D014801:Vitamin A; D014807:Vitamin D