Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of prenylated flavonoids from hops (Humulus lupulus) in human cancer cell lines.
Six flavonoids [xanthohumol (XN), 2',4',6',4-tetrahydroxy-3'-prenylchalcone (TP); 2',4',6',4-tetrahydroxy-3'-geranylchalcone (TG); dehydrocycloxanthohumol (DX); dehydrocycloxanthohumol hydrate (DH); and isoxanthohumol (IX)] from hops (Humulus lupulus) were tested for their antiproliferative activity in human breast cancer (MCF-7), colon cancer (HT-29) and ovarian cancer (A-2780) cells in vitro. XN, DX and IX caused a dose-dependent (0.1 to 100 microM) decrease in growth of all cancer cells. After a 2-day treatment, the concentrations at which the growth of MCF-7 cells was inhibited by 50% (IC50) were 13.3, 15.7 and 15.3 microM for XN, DX and IX, respectively. After a 4-day treatment, the IC50 for XN, DX and IX were 3.47, 6.87 and 4.69 microM, respectively. HT-29 cells were more resistant than MCF-7 cells to these flavonoids. In A-2780 cells, XN was highly antiproliferative with IC50 values of 0.52 and 5.2 microM after 2 and 4 days of exposure, respectively. At 100 microM, all the hop flavonoids were cytotoxic in the three cell lines. Growth inhibition of XN- and IX-treated MCF-7 cells was confirmed by cell counting. XN and IX inhibited DNA synthesis in MCF-7 cells. As antiproliferative agents, XN (chalcone) and IX (flavanone isomer of XN) may have potential chemopreventive activity against breast and ovarian cancer in humans.
Miranda
C L
CL
Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA.
Stevens
J F
JF
Helmrich
A
A
Henderson
M C
MC
Rodriguez
R J
RJ
Yang
Y H
YH
Deinzer
M L
ML
Barnes
D W
DW
Buhler
D R
DR
D000818:Animals; D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis*; D001681:Biological Assay; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D017368:Protein Prenylation; D051381:Rats; D012235:Rhodamines; D019685:Rosales / Q000737:chemistry*; D012685:Sepharose; D014343:Trypan Blue; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay
D005419:Flavonoids; D005782:Gels; D012235:Rhodamines; D012685:Sepharose; D014343:Trypan Blue