Thromboxane A2 fails to induce proliferation of smooth muscle cells enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.
Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) released from aggregating platelets and injured vessel wall stimulates smooth muscle cell proliferation, which may contribute to the development of vascular lesion formation after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3) present in the fish oils have been shown to have anti-atherosclerotic effects. In view of this, we examined the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the active ingredients of fish oils on TXA2 induced smooth muscle cell proliferation. To find out the specificity of these fatty acids we used gamma-linolenic acid (n-6) and oleic acid (n-9) as controls. It was found that TXA2 failed to stimulate proliferation of smooth muscle cells preloaded with EPA or DHA but not with gamma-linolenic acid or oleic acid. Further, when smooth muscle cells were preloaded with both EPA and DHA, they acted together in preventing the TXA2 induced smooth muscle cell proliferation. These results demonstrate that one of the mechanisms by which fish oils may prevent neointima formation is by making smooth muscle cells less responsive to TXA2 induced proliferation of smooth muscle cells.
Pakala
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Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center - Medical School, Houston 77030, USA.
Pakala
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Benedict
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CR
D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
D005395:Fish Oils; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D019301:Oleic Acid; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D017965:gamma-Linolenic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D013936:Thymidine