Equivalent dipoles for middle latency auditory evoked potentials using the dipole tracing method.
During the last decade, new dipole localization techniques have prompted the search for the neuronal generators of evoked potentials. In this study we have reported the equivalent dipoles for the middle latency auditory evoked potentials (MAEPs) by the mean of these localization using the dipole tracing method. MAEPs that were recorded from 19 normal human subjects attending to random binaural clicks were analyzed using the dipole tracing method. Equivalent dipoles (EDs) were found, using both the single-dipole model and the two-dipole model, for components occurring from 0 to 60 ms after stimulus onset. The dipole analysis accounted for the real head geometry based on three-dimensional digitization of measured head shape, and the results were experimentally correlated to those of magnetic resonance imaging to increase the accuracy of ED localization. For components in the first 15 ms latency (P0 and Na), neither model provided EDs with reproducible high dipolality. Na was particularly difficult to analyze, as this component was often contaminated by myogenic potentials. The results provided by the two-dipole model for the Pa component (20-30 ms) showed three variations: in three subjects, one ED was located in each supratemporal cortex; in another three, one ED was located in the right temporal cortex and the other in the midbrain; and in the remaining thirteen subjects, both EDs were in the midbrain. The single-dipole model and the two-dipole model both found EDs in the midbrain for Nb. Further study is necessary to determine the cause or causes of the variety in our results. And it is also necessary to try the study using unilateral ear stimulation with/without contralateral masking noise for understanding the mechanism of the binaural interaction.
Nakagawa
M
M
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. nakagawa@kentauros.com
Yoshikawa
H
H
Ando
I
I
Ichikawa
G
G
D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D004007:Dichotic Listening Tests; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000295:instrumentation; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*