Aquaporin-2 as a biomarker of distal renal tubular function using lithium as an experimental model.
Aquaporin-2 protein levels can be detected in the urine of normal of subjects if measured after fluid deprivation. By contrast, in patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused by mutations in the aquaporin-2 gene, urine aquaporin-2 protein excretion cannot be detected. We propose that properly standardized measurements of urinary aquaporin-2 protein may provide a useful biomarker of distal tubular function in a variety of acquired conditions that impair concentrating ability including some nephrotoxic agents.
Sisson
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Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illnois, USA.
Batlle
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D051399:Aquaporin 2; D051403:Aquaporin 6; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000652:urine*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000652:urine*; D007686:Kidney Tubules, Distal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008094:Lithium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012015:Reference Standards
C496023:AQP2 protein, human; D051399:Aquaporin 2; D051403:Aquaporin 6; D020346:Aquaporins; D015415:Biomarkers; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D008094:Lithium