Hardiness, social support, and health status: are there differences in older African-American and Anglo-American adults?
The article reports a study examining the relationships among hardiness, social support, and health status in older African-American and Anglo-American adults (n = 110). The theoretical framework of the study was based on the interrelationships of the personal resources of hardiness, social support, health status, and sociodemographic factors, including race. Pearson's correlation coefficients and t tests were performed to examine the relationships among the variables. Hardiness correlated significantly with greater social support, better perceived health status, increasing age, and lower income. Social support correlated significantly with better perceived health status, increasing age, and higher income. Perceived health status correlated significantly with lower age. Older Anglo-American adults had significantly higher scores on hardiness, whereas older African-American adults had significantly higher scores on social support. Implications for holistic nursing practice are discussed.
Graduate Program in Nursing/MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
P K
PK
Nicholas
J D
JD
Leuner
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010551:Personality; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*