Antitumor agents. 194. Synthesis and biological evaluations of 4-beta-mono-, -di-, and -trisubstituted aniline-4'-O-demethyl-podophyllotoxin and related compounds with improved pharmacological profiles.
As a continuation of our structure-activity relationship studies, several new 4-beta-substituted 4'-O-demethyl-4-desoxypodophyllotoxins bearing mono-, di-, or trisubstituted anilines have been synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of DNA topoisomerase II and tumor cell growth in tissue culture. Selected compounds were further evaluated as cytotoxic agents using a clonogenic survival assay. The target compounds include 4'-O-demethyl-4beta-[(4' '-(benzimidazol-2' '-yl)anilino]-4-desoxypodophyllotoxin (21), 4'-O-demethyl-4beta-(-)-(4' '-camphanamido-anilino)-4-desoxypodophyllotoxin (25), 4-beta-disubstituted-anilino-4'-demethyl-4-desoxypodophyllotoxins (18-20, 26), 4-alpha-disubstituted-anilino-4'-demethyl-4-desoxypodophyllotoxin (27), 4-beta-trisubstituted-anilino-4'-demethyl-desoxypodophyllotoxin (22, 23), and 4'-O-demethyl-4beta-[4' '-(benzimidazol-2' '-yl)amino]-4-desoxypodophyllotoxin (24). Among the target series, 19, 21, and 24 displayed significant growth inhibitory action against a panel of tumor cell lines including human epidermoid carcinoma of the nasopharynx (KB) and its etoposide-resistant (KB7B) and vincristine-resistant (vin20c KB) subclones, lung carcinoma (A549), human ileocecal carcinoma (HCT-8), human kidney carcinoma (CAKI-1), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and human malignant melanoma (SK-MEL-2) cells. Compounds 19, 21, 24, and 25 were "cleavable-complex"-forming DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors with either improved or similar activity compared with the prototype drug etoposide (VP-16). Compound 21 was the most active analogue, being 10-fold more potent than etoposide in both cell killing and topoisomerase II inhibition in vitro assays. Using mouse models of antitumor activity, 21 was effective against (P388/0) leukemia but not against the growth of a (MCF7) mammary tumor.
Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
X K
XK
Zhu
J
J
Guan
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Y
Tachibana
K F
KF
Bastow
S J
SJ
Cho
H H
HH
Cheng
Y C
YC
Cheng
M
M
Gurwith
K H
KH
Lee
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005047:Etoposide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007941:Leukemia P388 / Q000188:drug therapy; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D059005:Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
C120075:4'-O-demethyl-4-(4''-(benzimidazol-2''-yl)anilino)-4-desoxypodophyllotoxin; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D059005:Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; D005047:Etoposide