Single strand conformational polymorphism analysis of human CD1 genes in different ethnic groups.
CD1 molecules are able to present unusual antigens, lipids or glycolipids from mycobacterium cell walls to T lymphocytes. Previous studies have suggested that polymorphism of these genes is very limited, in contrast with classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen-presenting molecules. Our aim was to study possible allelic variations of exons 2 and 3, encoding for the alpha1 and alpha2 domains, respectively, of human CD1A, -B, -C and -D genes. We analyzed genomic samples of unrelated, healthy individuals from different ethnic background: 70 Caucasians from Europe, 33 Black Africans (13 from Tanzania and 20 Zulus), 19 Caucasians from the Sahara and 44 Asian individuals. We have found CD1A to be a biallelic locus with a common allele which was present in the majority of the individuals studied. The second allele differed from the common one by a single-point mutation, resulting in a change of Cys to Trp at position 52 in the alpha1 domain. This second allele was found in heterozygosis in 7 out of 70 Caucasians from Europe (allelic frequencies P=0.95 and q=0.05). In the Chinese population, we found the second allele present in heterozygosis in 19 from the 44 individuals studied, and we also found 6 homozygous individuals for the second allele (allelic frequencies P=0.64 and q=0.35). In addition, we detected a synonymous mutation (C to T transition) in codon 34 of CD1C exon 2 in 4 out of 20 Zulus and in 2 of the 13 Blacks from Tanzania.
Oteo
M
M
Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Parra
J F
JF
Mirones
I
I
Giménez
L I
LI
Setién
F
F
Martínez-Naves
E
E
D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D000352:Africa, Northern; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D005060:Europe / Q000208:ethnology; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
D018949:Antigens, CD1