The quality of mothers' solutions to child-rearing problems: what difference does setting internal or external to the family make?
In this study we examined the difference the setting of a child-rearing problem, either internal or external to the family, made for mothers' generation of solutions likely to assist a child's development of problem-solving competencies. In addition, the direct effect of a mother's personal resources (age, education, number of children parented, and verbal ability) and the direct and mediating effect of the extent to which a mother took the child's perspective on her generation of assistive solutions were explored. Adult mothers (n = 128) of children ranging in age from 1 month to 18 years were interviewed by telephone concerning eight hypothetical child-rearing problems. Mothers generated a greater proportion of assistive solutions and took the child's perspective more often for external problems than for internal problems. For internal problems, a mother's verbal ability made a significant contribution to the proportion of assistive solutions generated. For external problems, number of children made a significant negative contribution. For external problems, perspective taking had a mediating effect on the relationship of number of children with the proportion of assistive solutions generated. The nature of a mother's perspective taking and the function that it has in solution generation for child-rearing problems merit exploration.
University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Nursing, Department of Family Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA. kpridham@facstaff.wisc.edu
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000533:Altruism; D002648:Child; D002668:Child Rearing / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011340:Problem Solving; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012938:Social Perception; D014705:Verbal Behavior