Duration of vaginal retention and potential duration of antiviral activity for five nonoxynol-9 containing intravaginal contraceptives.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to determine the vaginal retention of five nonoxynol-9 intravaginal contraceptives.


METHODS
An open-label crossover study in 10 premenopausal volunteers was performed at an outpatient clinical research center. The outcomes are described utilizing the median and range.


RESULTS
At 8 h post-instillation, the median amounts of nonoxynol-9 present in the vagina were: Delfon 7.68 mg, Conceptrol 5.18 mg, Advantage 24 1.95 mg, VCF 1.74 mg, and Semicid 1.51 mg respectively. Our calculated theoretical minimal amount needed to protect against HIV infection is 2.00 mg.


CONCLUSIONS
The best vehicle for retaining nonoxynol-9 in the vagina appears to be foam. Further research in the effectiveness of nonoxynol-9 in prevention of the spread of HIV infection should be directed toward the use of foam vehicles to deliver nonoxynol-9 to the vagina.
Witter
F R
FR
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Barditch-Crovo
P
P
Rocco
L
L
Trapnell
C B
CB
D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017137:Nonoxynol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014621:Vagina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies
D013089:Spermatocidal Agents; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies; D017137:Nonoxynol