Hemoglobin near-infrared spectroscopy and surface EMG study in muscle ischaemia and fatiguing isometric contraction.
BACKGROUND
To assess how muscle ischaemia and isometric fatiguing contraction influence oxygen content in striated muscle.


METHODS
We simultaneously measured changes in hemoglobin near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and in surface EMG before, during, and after muscle ischaemia and ischaemia plus muscle isometric fatiguing contraction. Seventeen healthy male subjects (age range: 19-40 yrs) were examined in our Clinical Neurophysiology Unit. Test I (9 subjects): hemoglobin NIR spectroscopy and stimulated surface EMG were measured for 2 minutes at rest, for 4 minutes during complete ischaemia of tibialis anterior muscle, and for twelve minutes during recovery. Test II (all subjects): hemoglobin NIR spectroscopy and surface EMG were measured for 2 minutes with the subjects performing brief non-fatiguing contractions, for 4 minutes with the subject performing maximal isometric contraction in complete ischaemia, and for twelve minutes during recovery. EMG parameters measured: median density frequency (MDF); muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV). NIR spectroscopy parameters measured: percentage of amplitude decrement (% AD) and nadir time (NT) during ischaemia and ischaemic effort; half-recovery time (1/2 RT) from ischaemia effort.


RESULTS
At EMG, we observed a significant shift towards lower values of both MFCV and MDF during fatiguing isometric contraction. MDF recovery was faster then MFCV recovery. At NIR spectroscopy, the 1/2 RT slowed a fast pattern in twelve subjects and a slow pattern in five. A significant relationship was found between AD% and 1/2 RT values of test I and AD% and 1/2 values of test II. We found a positive relationship between NT and 1/2 RT in test II.


CONCLUSIONS
Surface EMG and hemoglobin NIR spectroscopy can be applied simultaneously to evaluate both fatigue intensity and blood flow changes in striated muscle.
Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C. Mondino, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy.
E
E
Alfonsi
R
R
Pavesi
I M
IM
Merlo
A
A
Gelmetti
D
D
Zambarbieri
P
P
Lago
A
A
Arrigo
C
C
Reggiani
A
A
Moglia
D000328:Adult; D004576:Electromyography; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
D006454:Hemoglobins