Iron status and depression in premenopausal women: an MMPI study. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.
To test the hypothesis that low iron status or other nutritional deficiencies are associated with symptoms of depression in premenopausal women, the authors related blood indices of iron status to scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and responses to a mood adjective checklist. Participants recruited locally provided fasting blood samples and completed the MMPI during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Of 365 apparently healthy participants, 4% had hemoglobin < 120 g/L, 6% had transferrin saturation < 16%, 20% had ferritin < 12 micrograms/L, and 8% had clinically elevated scores (T > or = 70) on the Depression scale of the MMPI. The frequency of elevated MMPI Depression scores was unrelated to the frequency of low hemoglobin, transferrin saturation, or ferritin. The results do not support the hypothesis that low iron status contributes to symptoms of depression in women.
Hunt
J R
JR
United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service, Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA. jhunt@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov
Penland
J G
JG
D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000032:analysis; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood*; D008950:MMPI; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D017697:Premenopause / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis
D006454:Hemoglobins; D014168:Transferrin; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron