Inactivation of the inhibitory kappaB protein kinase/nuclear factor kappaB pathway by Par-4 expression potentiates tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis.
Par-4 is a novel protein identified in cells undergoing apoptosis. The ability of Par-4 to promote apoptotic cell death is dependent on the binding and inactivation of the atypical protein kinases C (PKCs). This subfamily of kinases has been reported to control nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) through the regulation of the IkappaB kinase activity. NF-kappaB activation by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) provides a survival signal that impairs the TNFalpha-induced apoptotic response. We show here that expression of Par-4 inhibits the TNFalpha-induced nuclear translocation of p65 as well as the kappaB-dependent promoter activity. Interestingly, Par-4 expression blocks inhibitory kappaB protein (IkappaB) kinase activity, which leads to the inhibition of IkappaB phosphorylation and degradation, in a manner that is dependent on its ability to inhibit lambda/iotaPKC. Of potential functional relevance, the expression of Par-4 allows TNFalpha to induce apoptosis in NIH-3T3 cells. In addition, the down-regulation of Par-4 levels by oncogenic Ras sensitizes cells to TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB activation.
Diaz-Meco
M T
MT
Laboratorio Glaxo Wellcome-CSIC de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain.
Lallena
M J
MJ
Monjas
A
A
Frutos
S
S
Moscat
J
J
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014162:Transfection; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C101296:prostate apoptosis response-4 protein; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C496564:Chuk protein, mouse; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496562:Ikbkb protein, mouse; C496566:Ikbke protein, mouse; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D018631:ras Proteins