Corpus gastritis is protective against reflux oesophagitis.
BACKGROUND
Gastric acid is important in the pathogenesis of reflux oesophagitis. Acid production by the gastric corpus is reduced in corpus gastritis.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether corpus gastritis protects against reflux oesophagitis.


METHODS
Patients presenting for elective oesophagogastroduodenoscopy were studied. Two biopsy specimens were taken from the antrum, corpus, and cardia and stained with haematoxylin/eosin and Diff-Quick II stains. The presence and severity of gastritis were graded according to a modified updated Sydney classification.


RESULTS
Of 302 patients, 154 had endoscopic signs of reflux oesophagitis. There was no difference between patients with and controls without oesophagitis in the overall infection rates with Helicobacter pylori. Acute or chronic corpus gastritis occurred less often in patients with than those without reflux oesophagitis. Compared with controls, corpus gastritis was less severe in patients with reflux oesophagitis. The presence of acute or chronic gastritis in the corpus was significantly correlated with either type of gastritis in other areas of the stomach. In a multivariate logistic regression, age, sex, smoking status, and the presence of chronic corpus gastritis all exerted a significant influence on the presence of reflux oesophagitis. Chronic corpus gastritis was associated with a 54% reduced risk for reflux oesophagitis.


CONCLUSIONS
While infection with H pylori alone may not affect the occurrence of reflux oesophagitis, the development of chronic corpus gastritis seems to be protective.
El-Serag
H B
HB
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Centre, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
Sonnenberg
A
A
Jamal
M M
MM
Inadomi
J M
JM
Crooks
L A
LA
Feddersen
R M
RM
D000208:Acute Disease; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001706:Biopsy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011706:Pyloric Antrum; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors